Patent Application
20120210741
The present invention relates to a noise control system employing active noise control in an open space to create a noise cancellation field in a desired space, and a fan structure and an outdoor unit of an air-conditioning apparatus that are equipped with the system.
Examples of anti-noise measures applying adaptive signal processing have been reported and means for creating a noise cancellation field in an ambient environment of a sleeping person has been reported.
For example, noise cancellation pillows that creates a noise cancellation field while a person is sleeping have been proposed, in which an active noise control system, which creates a noise cancellation field around the person receiving noise while his/her sleep, is configured in the pillow (for example, refer to Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2).
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 8-140807
Patent Literature 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2007-89814
In such a system configuration, a sensor for picking up noise and a secondary noise source for noise cancellation need to be mounted on the pillow. Disadvantageously, depending on where the person receiving the sound moves his or her head position to, the head may cover the secondary noise source, not allowing the noise cancellation signal necessary for the noise cancellation to be generated, for example.
The present invention has been made to overcome the above-described disadvantage and an object of the present invention is to provide a noise control system capable of creating a noise cancellation field, where noise is reduced, at a desired position in a space.
A noise control system according to the present invention includes: one or more reference sensors that picks up a noise source signal from a noise source; one or more control speakers that radiates a noise cancellation signal for canceling the noise source signal; two or more error sensors arranged in a field subject to noise cancellation (hereinafter, referred to as a “noise cancellation field”) by the noise cancellation signal, the error sensors picking up an acoustic signal in the noise cancellation field (hereinafter, referred to as an “acoustic signal of the noise cancellation field”); and an error scanning filter that generates the noise cancellation signal by employing adaptive signal processing based on an adaptive control algorithm from the noise source signal picked up by the reference sensors and from the acoustic signal of the noise cancellation field picked up by the error sensors, in which the noise cancellation signal radiated from the control speakers generates the noise cancellation field in a predetermined space area.
According to the noise control system of the invention, one or more reference sensors, one or more control speakers, and two or more error sensors are arranged to enable creation of a noise cancellation field at an intended position in a space where noise is to be reduced, thus forming a comfortable space.
The noise control system according to Embodiment 1 of the invention includes at least a reference sensor 10, error sensors 11, error scanning filters 12, and control speakers 13.
The reference sensor 10 is a sensor that detects a noise source signal of a noise and includes, for example, a microphone.
Although as the reference sensor 10, only one channel is depicted in
Furthermore, although the reference sensor 10 includes a microphone as described above, the invention is not limited to this case. The sensor may include detecting means, such as a vibration and acceleration pickup for picking up vibration.
Each of the error sensors 11 is a sensor that receives a signal after the noise cancellation has been performed to the noise source signal by effect of a cancellation signal generated by the control speakers, which will be described later, and includes, for example, a microphone. As illustrated in
Although in
Furthermore, although each of the error sensors 11 includes a microphone as described above, the invention is not limited to this case. The sensor may include detecting means, such as a vibration and acceleration pickup for picking up vibration.
Each of the error scanning filters 12 is a filter for performing coefficient variation using the filtered-X LMS algorithm for adaptive signal processing. As shown in
Although in
Each of the control speakers 13 is a secondary noise source for noise cancellation used to generate a noise cancellation signal generated by the first filter characteristic stage 120a or the second filter characteristic stage 120b and has, for example, a speaker structure. As shown in
Although the control speakers 13 each have a speaker structure as described above, the invention is not limited to this case. The speakers may each have a vibrating structure that causes vibration.
Although in
An adaptive control algorithm based on error scanning for performing noise control in the noise control system according to Embodiment 1 will now be described with reference to
The space between the error sensors 11 and the control speakers 13 is an unpredictable sound field and a noise cancellation field 60 to be created by the noise control system according to Embodiment is created in this unpredictable sound field. The error sensors 11 are used to monitor the environmental change in the condition of the sound field of the noise cancellation field 60. Furthermore, since the noise cancellation field 60 is created between the error sensors 11 and the control speakers 13, it is dependent of the installation positions of the error sensors 11 and the control speakers 13, and can be created at an intended position in the sound field.
Each of the error sensors 11 inputs the acoustic signal component associated with the sound radiation of the control speaker 13, and propagation characteristics based on a transfer function of the propagation path from the speaker 13 to the error sensor 11 is measured. Attention will now be drawn to the first error sensor 11a, serving as one of the error sensors 11. The first error sensor 11 a inputs an acoustic signal component from the first control speaker 13a, thus measuring a transfer function C11 of the propagation path from the first error sensor 11a to the first control speaker 13a in the noise cancellation field 60. In addition, the first error sensor 11a inputs an acoustic signal component from the second control speaker 13b, thus measuring a transfer function C12 of the propagation path from the first error sensor 11a to the second control speaker 13b in the noise cancellation field 60.
Attention will now be drawn to the second error sensor 11b. The second error sensor 11b inputs an acoustic signal component from the first control speaker 13a, thus measuring a transfer function C21 of the propagation path from the second error sensor 11b to the first control speaker 13a in the noise cancellation field 60. In addition, the second error sensor 11b inputs an acoustic signal component from the second control speaker 13b, thus measuring a transfer function C22 of a propagation path from the second error sensor 11b to the second control speaker 13b in the noise cancellation field 60.
Performing the above-described operation at all times enables confirmation of, for example, a noise source signal propagating in the noise cancellation field 60, variation factors of the noise cancellation field 60, and the characteristics of devices that require control (in this case, the reference sensor 10, the error sensors 11, and the control speakers 13). Accordingly, stable noise cancellation characteristics can be obtained.
Furthermore, since there is a period of time during which the devices are stopped in order to perform scanning, the number of devices may be increased. Accordingly, the noise cancellation field 60 can be enlarged.
Prior to the execution of noise control, an arbitrary signal is radiated from the control speakers at arbitrary time intervals, and with the detection of the signal by the reference sensor 10 and the error sensors 11, transfer functions can be measured. Thus, the installation positions of the reference sensor 10 and the error sensors 11, the number of sensors 10 installed, and the number of sensors 11 installed can be confirmed. Transfer characteristics based on the measured transfer functions are transmitted through the reference sensor 10 and the error sensors 11 to the error scanning filters 12 for producing noise cancellation signals.
During the execution of noise control, the input signals to the error sensors 11 are the signal components of the noise cancellation field 60, which is the space subject to noise canceling, and therefore, the signal components need to be as close to nil as possible. The input signals function in the error scanning filters 12 as a basic signal of the noise cancellation field 60, which is the space in which noise has been canceled. Here, each error scanning filter 12 performs calculation based on the least squares method in order to cancel the signal component that need to be canceled, and performs an operation of producing a signal shape necessary for the noise cancellation field 60 on the basis of the result of the calculation. The reference sensor 10 receives the noise source signal. The error scanning filters 12 each performs convolution integration of this signal component and generates a cancellation signal of the opposite phase. This noise cancellation signal of the opposite phase is transmitted from the first filter characteristic stage 120a (or the second filter characteristic stage 120b) to the corresponding control speaker 13. The control speaker 13 generates and radiates the noise cancellation signal.
Each error scanning filter 12 receives a signal component detected by the error sensors 11, compares phase characteristics of the signal component with those of the noise cancellation signal radiated from the control speakers 13 to confirm an external signal other than the noise source signal, namely, an environment change factor that changes the noise cancellation field 60, and generates a new noise cancellation signal on the basis of a signal component opposite in phase to the signal component detected by the error sensors 11. This noise cancellation signal is transmitted to the corresponding control speaker 13 and is then radiated from the control speaker 13 in order to cancel noise from a noise source. A basic action necessary for noise cancellation in the noise cancellation field 60 is performed by the above-described operation. The above-described “signal component detected by the error sensors 11” correspond to an “acoustic signal of the noise cancellation field” in the invention.
Referring to
Note that the above-described outdoor and indoor reference sensors 20a and 20b correspond to the reference sensor 10 in
It should be noted that the arrangement of the components illustrated in
Furthermore, although in
As shown in
With the outdoor reference sensor 20a having a microphone structure, the outdoor reference sensor 20a can receive the acoustic signal component propagating through a space with the entire surface of its dome-shaped sound receiving plate 30, as illustrated by the directional characteristics in
The sensor housing 32 is constituted by a material capable of transforming vibrational energy of a vibrational component at or below 300 Hz into thermal energy to remove vibration, for example, a polymer damping material, such as mica or isinglass, or silicon.
The dome-shaped sound receiving plate 30 is disposed such that its back thereof is against the housing 22, namely, the rear surface of the sensor housing 32 of the outdoor reference sensor 20b faces the wall 23. Accordingly, the dome-shaped sound receiving plate 30 can reliably detect the outdoor acoustic signal component generated outdoors that is propagating toward the wall 23 and penetrating into an indoor space.
In this case, as regards the outdoor noise, an acoustic signal of 300 HZ or lower has a long wavelength and high acoustic energy. Accordingly, the wall 23 or the glass plate 24 is vibrated, and the signal propagates as vibrational sound. Since this vibrational sound directly vibrates the housing 22, the sound propagates through the sensor housing 32 of the outdoor reference sensor 20a and vibrates the sensor housing 32. However, a vibrational sound component different from the acoustic signal component generated by air vibration propagating to the dome-shaped sound receiving plate 30 of the outdoor reference sensor 20a are also detected, thus causing phase distortion in the detected signal. In some cases, disadvantageously, an acoustic signal detected by the dome-shaped sound receiving plate 30 is canceled. However, the damping material constituting the sensor housing 32 can serve as a measure against such a problem. As described above, the outdoor reference sensor 20a is disposed at an arbitrary position on the housing 22 and detects the acoustic signal component propagating from the outdoor space to the housing 22.
However, a large portion of the acoustic signal in the noise generated outdoors penetrate the glass plate 24 disposed at an arbitrary position in the wall 23 of the housing 22 and enter the indoor space. Sound that enters through the glass plate 24 vibrates the glass plate 24, thus causing vibrational sound. In addition to the vibrational sound that vibrates the wall 23 of the housing 22 and enters the indoor space, resonance is generated affected by the inner dimensions of the housing 22, thus causing resonance sound having a very low frequency component. The indoor reference sensor 20b picks up all of the above-described propagated and vibrational sound of the penetration, and resonance sound generated in the indoor space. Furthermore, the indoor reference sensor 20b has similar directional characteristics to that of the outdoor reference sensor 20a. Unlike the sensor housing 32 of the outdoor reference sensor 20a, it is not constituted by a material having excellent damping capacity, but is constituted by resin or metal that has high resistance to aging deterioration and is excellent in terms of quality so as to be capable of detecting vibrational sound propagating through the wall 23. In other words, the indoor reference sensor 20b is disposed on or near the glass plate 24, or on the wall 23, which tends to propagate outdoor noise, and functions as a detector that detects the acoustic signal components in the housing 22, which defines the indoor space.
As described above, the outdoor reference sensor 20a is disposed at an arbitrary position on the outdoor side of the wall 23 of the housing 22 and the indoor reference sensor 20b is disposed at an arbitrary position on the wall 23 of the housing 22 such that the sensors detect the acoustic signal component intended to be canceled. The acoustic signal component in the noise detected by the outdoor reference sensor 20a and the indoor reference sensor 20b are transmitted to the error scanning filters 12 (not illustrated in
As described above with respect to the configuration and operation, noise cancellation signals radiated from the control speakers 13 enable generation of the noise cancellation field 60 where noise is reduced in the desired space, and thus a comfortable space can be provided.
Furthermore, in the related art, a typical system is configured such that a sensor for detecting noise is disposed near a pillow. Accordingly, a noise signal from a noise source generated indoors can be picked up, but external noise propagating from an outdoor space to the indoor space is not received by the sensor for picking up noise disposed in the indoor space. Disadvantageously, it is therefore not possible to detect the signal component of the noise propagating from the outdoor space to the indoor space and perform a noise cancellation operation for noise reduction. Moreover, as regards a propagation path from the outdoor space to the indoor space, the path often exists in the window glass. A sensor of the related art disposed near a person receiving sound cannot detect a noise signal that has passed through the window glass, and therefore only sound generated near the person receiving sound in the indoor space is detected and canceled. According to Embodiment 1, while, for example, the sound receiving person 26 is sleeping in the bedding furniture 25, a noise cancellation field 60 is created in the vicinity of the head of the sound receiving person 26, in which the noise cancellation field 60 suppresses the acoustic signal component of the noise generated outdoors, the vibrational sound component that enter the indoor space from the outdoor space, resonance sound generated in the indoor space, and the like using noise cancellation signals.
In the related art, in the case where a secondary noise source for noise cancellation is disposed in, for example, a pillow, the size of the sound source has to be inevitably small and thin. Disadvantageously, no measure can be taken against, for example, infrasonic noise generated by low frequency noise at or below 300 Hz. According to Embodiment 1, the noise cancellation field 60 can be created without using a specially designed pillow or the like, thus providing a comfortable sleeping environment which is not disturbed by noise and in which low frequency noise can be reduced.
While Embodiment 1 has been described with respect to the case where the noise control system illustrated in
Furthermore, while Embodiment has been described with respect to the case where the noise cancellation field 60 is created in the vicinity of the head of the sound receiving person 26, the invention is not limited to this case. It is needless to say that the region may be created at other desired positions.
A fan structure 40, which will be described later, equipped with a noise control system according to Embodiment 2 is equipped with the same noise control system that is illustrated in
(Configuration of Fan Structure 40 with Noise Control System)
As shown in
Note that the above-described fan guide 42 and attachment jig 44 correspond to a “housing” of the invention and the passage guide 46 corresponds to a “guide member” of the invention.
The baffle plate 43 is provided with a reference sensor 48 disposed at substantially the center thereof. This reference sensor 48 is constituted by two outdoor reference sensors 20a in Embodiment 1 such that the sensor housings 32 of the sensors are fixed together. The reference sensor 48 can therefore be used as a microphone having a 360-degree directional characteristic.
The passage guide 46 has sound openings 49 arranged at arbitrary positions. As illustrated in
Furthermore, in order to reduce generation of fluid sound as described above, a sound absorbing material may be fixed to the inner surface of the passage guide 46.
Furthermore, while in
(Operation of Fan Structure 40 Equipped with Noise Control System)
In the fan structure 40, accompanying the rotation of the fan member 41, noise is generated with the noise characteristic of the rotational component, which has peak frequencies as illustrated in
As described above with respect to the configuration and operation, the fan structure 40, such as a ventilation fan, can be obtained which can suppress the acoustic signal component of the noise accompanying the rotation of the fan member 41 using noise cancellation signals and can prevent noise from being radiated from the passage guide 46.
An air-conditioning apparatus 50, which will be described later, equipped with a noise control system according to Embodiment 3 is equipped with the same noise control system that is illustrated in
(Configuration of Outdoor Unit 50 with Noise Control System)
As shown in
Furthermore, the above-described outdoor-unit housing 51 corresponds to the “housing” of the invention and the exhaust sound guide 55 corresponds to the “guide member” of the invention.
The exhaust sound guide 55 has six sound openings 55a arranged at arbitrary positions. Control speakers 13 are arranged on the circumference surfaces of the exhaust sound guide 55 corresponding to the positions where the sound openings 55a are located. In addition, two error sensors 11 are arranged at arbitrary positions in an outermost portion of the exhaust sound guide 55. Furthermore, the depth of the exhaust sound guide 55 is substantially the same as the diameter of the diaphragm of each control speaker 13. This can prevent the exhaust sound guide 55 from becoming a second noise source, in which the noise is generated when the member constituting the exhaust sound guide 55 vibrates due to the increase in the depth of the exhaust sound guide 55. Furthermore, although the exhaust sound guide 55 also functions as an outlet of the heat exchanger member 54, even when the depth is elongated, the exhaust sound guide 55 is capable of preventing the heat radiation to be hindered, that is, is capable of preventing the drop of heat exchange efficiency.
Furthermore, in order to reduce the noise that has been generated as above, a sound absorbing material may be fixed to the inner surfaces of the exhaust sound guide 55.
Although in
Furthermore, although in
In addition, a compressor reference sensor 56a is disposed near the compressor 52 and detects vibrational sound associated with the rotating motion of the compressor 52. Furthermore, a fan reference sensor 56b is disposed near the intake fan 53 and detects fluid sound of a fan member.
Furthermore, although in
(Operation of Outdoor Unit 50 with Noise Control System)
In the outdoor unit 50, outside air taken in through the intake fan 53 is subject to heat exchange in the heat exchanger member 54 and is then discharged to the outside through the exhaust sound guide 55. At this time, noise associated with rotation of the compressor 52 and noise associated with rotation of the intake fan 53 are three-dimensionally radiated to the outside via a path of the outside air, which passes through the heat exchanger member 54 and the exhaust sound guide 55.
Although
The noise and “beat note” associated with rotation of the compressors 52 are detected by the compressor reference sensor 56a and the noise associated with rotation of the intake fan 53 is detected by the fan reference sensor 56b. The detected noises are transmitted to the error scanning filters 12 (not illustrated in
The waveform in the upper diagram of
As described above with respect to the configuration and operation, the outdoor unit 50 of the air-conditioning apparatus can be obtained which can suppress noise or beat note associated with rotation of the compressors 52 and the acoustic signal component of noise associated with rotation of the intake fan 53 using noise cancellation signals and can prevent noise from being radiated from the exhaust sound guide 55.
10 reference sensor; 11 error sensor; 11a first error sensor; 11b second error sensor; 12 error scanning filter; 12a first error scanning filter; 12b second error scanning filter; 13 control speaker; 13a first control speaker; 13b second control speaker; 20a outdoor reference sensor; 20b indoor reference sensor; 22 housing; 23 wall; 24 glass plate; 25 bedding furniture; 26 sound receiving person; 30 dome-shaped sound receiving plate; 32 sensor housing; 40 fan structure; 41 fan member; 42 fan guide; 43 baffle plate; 44 attachment jig; 45 opening; 46 passage guide; 48 reference sensor; 49 sound opening; 50 outdoor unit; 51 outdoor-unit housing; 52 compressor; 53 intake fan; 54 heat exchanger member; 55 exhaust sound guide; 56a compressor reference sensor; 56b fan reference sensor; 60 noise cancellation field; 120a first filter characteristic stage; and 120b second filter characteristic stage.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2009/068752 | 11/2/2009 | WO | 00 | 4/25/2012 |
