The present disclosure is directed generally to wood heaters, and more particularly to non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliances.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,827,852, issued to Piontkowski, discloses a catalytic wood stove having a catalyst bypass damper, which damper is closed during normal operation of the stove.
Vermont Castings' Intrepid II Woodburning Stove Model 1990, available since 1990, is a catalytic wood stove having a catalyst bypass damper. The catalyst wood stove includes self-regulating secondary air which employs a secondary air flap, and a secondary probe assembly having a bi-metallic coil operable in response to gas exhausted out of the catalyst. The secondary probe assembly is connected to the secondary air flap via a connecting rod.
Shortcomings of the prior art are overcome and additional advantages are provided through the provision, in one embodiment, of a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance which includes, for example, a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance having a housing with a combustion chamber. A loading door opening in the housing coverable by a door for loading fuel into the combustion chamber. An air inlet opening in the housing for receiving an air supply to the combustion chamber, and an exit opening connectable to a flue. A platform defining a non-movable separation in the housing between the combustion chamber and the exit opening. An insulated catalyst combustor is disposed between a top wall of the housing and the platform. When the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in a closed position covering the loading door opening, gas from the combustion chamber is exhausted and directed along a single flow path horizontally through the insulated catalytic combustor and into the flue. When the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in an open position allowing loading of fuel through the loading door opening to the combustion chamber, gas from the combustion chamber is inhibited from passing through the loading door opening, and ambient air entering the loading door opening and combustion gas from the combustion chamber are exhausted and directed along a single flow path horizontally through the insulated catalytic combustor and into the flue.
In another embodiment, a method includes, for example, directing along the single flow path, when the door of the housing of the above-described non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in the closed position covering the loading door opening, gas from the combustion chamber through the insulated catalytic combustor and into the flue, inhibiting, when the door of the housing is disposed in the open position, combustion gas from passing through the loading door opening, and directing along the single flow path, when the door of the housing is disposed in the open position, ambient air entering the loading door opening and combustion gas from the combustion chamber through the insulated catalytic combustor and into the flue.
In another embodiment, a method includes, for example, directing along a first single flow path, when a door of a housing is disposed in a closed position covering a loading door opening, all the gas from a combustion chamber through an insulated catalytic combustor and into a flue, directing along a second single flow path, when the door of the housing is disposed in the open position, all the ambient air entering the loading door opening and all the gas from the combustion chamber through the insulated catalytic combustor and into the flue, and wherein the housing does not include a movable catalyst bypass.
In another embodiment, a method for fabricating a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance for use in producing heat includes, for example, optimizing a size and configuration of an insulated catalyst combustor disposed between a platform defining a non-movable separation between a combustion chamber and the exit opening connectable to a flue so that when the a door of the housing is disposed in a closed position covering a loading door opening, gas from the combustion chamber is directed along a single flow path through the insulated catalyst combustor and out the flue, and when the door is disposed in an open position allowing loading of fuel through the loading door opening to the combustion chamber, ambient air entering the loading door opening and gas from the combustion chamber are directed along a single flow path through the catalyst combustor and out the flue.
In another embodiment, a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance includes, for example a housing having a combustion chamber. A loading door opening in the housing coverable by a door for loading fuel into the combustion chamber. An air inlet opening in the housing for receiving a primary air supply and a secondary air supply to the combustion chamber, and an exit opening connectable to a flue. A platform defining a non-movable separation in the housing between the combustion chamber and the exit opening. A secondary air supply manifold is disposed below the platform and operable for directing the secondary air supply to the combustion chamber. A catalyst combustor is disposed between the housing and the platform. An automated secondary air control system for automatically regulating the amount of flow of the secondary air supply to the secondary air supply manifold is operable based on the temperature of the catalytic combustor. When the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in a closed position covering the loading door opening, gas from the combustion chamber is exhausted and directed along a single flow path through the catalytic combustor and into the flue. When the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in an open position allowing loading of fuel through the loading door opening to the combustion chamber, gas from the combustion chamber is inhibited from passing through the loading door opening, and ambient air entering the loading door opening and combustion gas from the combustion chamber are exhausted and directed along a single flow path through the catalytic combustor and into the flue.
In another embodiment, a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance which includes, for example, a housing having a combustion chamber therein. The housing includes a loading door opening coverable by a door for loading fuel into the combustion chamber, an air inlet opening for receiving an air supply to the combustion chamber, and an exit opening connectable to a flue. A catalyst combustor is disposed between the combustion chamber and the exit opening. When the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in a closed position covering the loading door opening, gas from the combustion chamber is directed through the catalyst combustor, and out the flue. When the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in an open position allowing loading of fuel through the loading door opening to the combustion chamber, ambient air entering the loading door opening and gas from the combustion chamber are directed through the catalyst combustor, and out the flue.
In another embodiment, a method for operating a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance to produce heat is provided. The method includes, for example, providing the above-described non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance, opening a door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance, loading wood through the opening and into the combustion chamber, while the door is open, exhausting ambient air and gas from a combustion chamber through a catalyst combustor and out a flue, and closing the door of the wood filed non-bypassable appliance; and exhausting gas from the combustion chamber through the catalyst combustor and out a flue.
In another embodiment, a method for operating a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance to produce heat is provided. The method includes, for example, opening a door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance, loading wood through the opening and into the combustion chamber, while the door is open, exhausting ambient air and gas from a combustion chamber through a catalyst combustor and out a flue, closing the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance, and exhausting gas from the combustion chamber through the catalyst combustor and out a flue.
In another embodiment, a method for fabricating a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance for use in producing heat is provided. The method includes, for example, configuring a housing having a combustion chamber therein, a loading door opening coverable by a door for loading fuel into the combustion chamber, an air inlet opening for receiving an air supply to the combustion chamber, and an exit opening connectable to a flue, and optimizing a size and configuration of a catalyst combustor disposed between the combustion chamber and the exit opening so that when the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in a closed position covering the loading door opening, gas from the combustion chamber is directed through the catalyst combustor, and out the flue, and when the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in an open position allowing loading of fuel through the loading door opening to the combustion chamber, ambient air entering the loading door opening and gas from the combustion chamber are directed through the catalyst combustor, and out the flue.
The subject matter which is regarded as the disclosure is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of the specification. The disclosure, however, may best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of various embodiments and the accompanying drawings in which:
The present disclosure and certain features, advantages, and details thereof, are explained more fully below with reference to the non-limiting embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Descriptions of well-known materials, fabrication tools, processing techniques, etc., are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the disclosure in detail. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and the specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration only, and are not by way of limitation. Various substitutions, modifications, additions and/or arrangements within the spirit and/or scope of the underlying concepts will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure. Reference is made below to the drawings, which are not drawn to scale for ease of understanding, wherein the same reference numbers used throughout different figures designate the same or similar components.
As described in greater detail below, the present disclosure is directed to a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliances such as non-bypassable catalyst assistant wood heaters where a catalytic combustor does not result in substantially restricted air flow and consequent need for a catalyst bypass mode and/or mechanism as is typical in prior art catalytic assisted wood stoves. As described below, by elimination of a catalyst bypass mode and/or mechanism, the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliances of the present disclosure is passively maintained in a clean burn mode.
As shown in
With reference to
Catalytic combustor 200 may define a catalytic combustor inlet 250, and a catalytic combustor outlet 252 (
As best shown in
As best shown in
As will be appreciated, catalytic combustor 200 is sized and configured to not substantially restrict the above-described flows therethrough with loading door 116 disposed in either a closed position or in an open position compared to the restricted flow in conventional catalytic combustors in catalytic assisted wood stoves. Specifically, catalytic combustor 200 may be sized and configured to not substantially restrict the flow of combustion gas so that smoke is not undesirably exhausted out door opening 117 and into for example, a room when door 116 is opened. As will also be appreciated, the technique of the present disclosure eliminates a bypass such as a plate, damper, etc. and associated mechanisms consequently resulting in a catalytic assisted that is always passively operating in a “clean burn” mode. In contrast to conventional catalytic assisted wood stoves, the technique of the present disclosure avoids intentional or unintentional operation in a “dirty burn” mode, which can be heavily polluting.
For example, catalytic combustor 200 may be optimized and configured to have a longer travel or flow path, e.g., depth D (
For example, non-bypassable catalyst assisted wood heater 1000 may include a catalytic converter or catalytic combustor 1200 that may extend or be disposed above a combustion chamber 1300 (
With reference to
As best shown in
Primary supply of air P′ may be introduced at the bottom of the housing via an air inlet opening 1113. Secondary supply of air S′ may be introduced at a location different from the primary supply of air P′. In this embodiment, secondary supply of air S′ may be introduced via an air inlet opening 1115 at a location behind housing 1112.
As shown in
System 1500 may generally include a movable secondary air cover 1510, a temperature sensing and automatic controlling unit 1520 operably connected to cover 1510 via a cable 1550.
Cover 1510 is located over secondary air opening 1115 (
Temperature sensing and automatic controlling unit 1520 may include a bi-metallic coil 1525 (best shown in
An end 1526 (
When non-bypassable catalyst assisted wood heater 1000 is started with a new fire, secondary air cover 1510 is disposed in a closed position. As non-bypassable catalyst assisted wood heater 1000 begins to increase in temperature, and when catalyst 1200 (
As will be appreciated, catalytic combustor 1200 is sized and configured to not substantially restrict the above-described flows therethrough with loading door 1116 (
In other embodiments, a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance according to the present disclosure may include an optimized catalytic combustor sized and configured such as the number and spacing of layer forming the catalyst combustor based on various variables, such as the size and configuration of a housing, size and configuration of a combustion chamber, and/or a size, configuration, and/or location of a loading door opening, etc. For example, a primary factor of in determining a size and configuration of a catalyst combustor may be the size of the loading door/opening combined with the natural fluid flow within a housing or firebox and its associated geometry. The general design of a catalyst combustor may remain consistent with the variable being an overall cross-sectional area that the catalyst occupies dependent on the aforementioned variables of flow and door opening. For example, a smaller loading door/opening may allow for a smaller catalytic combustor.
As an example, a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance may include a catalytic combustor according to the present disclosure having a width of about 15 inches to about 25 inches, a height of about 3 inches to about 5 inches, and a depth of about 4 inches to about 6 inches. In other embodiments, a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance may include a catalytic combustor according to the present disclosure having a width of about 20 inches, a height of about 4 inches, and a depth of about 5 inches.
The catalyst combustor may be formed from a catalyst made from Fecralloy, a high temperature very thin walled metal catalyst substrate with gama alumina that is configured to provide for minimum air flow resistance. In other embodiments, a catalyst combustor may be formed from nickel chromium cobalt molybdenum alloy such as an INCONEL alloy coated with the catalyst. In other embodiments, a catalytic combustor may be any catalytic combustor such as a one-piece cellular ceramic honeycomb unit. The various structures of the catalyst combustors may be coated with a noble metal catalyst such as a platinum metal.
In some embodiments, a sieve or mixing screen or similar device prior to the catalyst may be employed to slow down the gas stream flow and increase residence time for combustion. A sieve or mixing screen may be interlocked with the door versus manual actuation.
It will be appreciated that the present disclosure for non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance such as a wood heater provides for taking advantage of both the aspects of non-catalytic technology and catalytic technology. In such a non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance, the appliance may transition between being more reliant on one or the other technologies depending on what stage of the burn cycle it is in. For example, when a new load of fuel is added to the firebox it is like adding an ice cube. The whole appliance cools down and then tries to recover thermal momentum. During this period, there really is no need for much secondary air as the CO in the exhaust is too cool to ignite, as is relied upon in typical secondary baffle non-catalytic technology. However, what happens in the new technology is that the catalyst will work under those conditions to improve and clean up the exhaust as it is not reliant on the high temperature and CO reaction with secondary air. So, the catalyst is doing the work in the early part of the burn cycle to reduce emissions. Once the stove recovers thermal momentum, the secondary baffle components increases in secondary combustion activity and assumes a large proportion of the clean burn emissions reduction. The automated secondary air control may allow for optimizing when and how much secondary air is required. It will also be appreciated that in non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance 100 (
A benefit of the present disclosure is non-bypassable catalytic assisted appliances that do not require and eliminate a catalyst bypass mode or damper to overcome pressure drop across the catalyst combustor so that the catalyst assisted appliances of the present disclosure is passively maintained in a clean burn mode at all time. Such a configuration reduces the possibility of a user intentionally, or unintentionally or inadvertently operating the catalytic assisted appliance in an unclean mode, which can result in increased particulate and gaseous emissions.
Another benefit of the present disclosure is non-bypassable catalytic assisted appliances that have a higher velocity of flow through the catalyst combustor compared to conventional catalyst combustors. Such increases flow rate may result in inhibiting the accumulation of particulate on the catalyst combustor resulting is less of a need or extending the time in which to clean the catalyst combustor.
Another benefit of the present disclosure is non-bypassable catalytic assisted appliances that allows certification in a non-bypass mode. With catalytic assisted appliance having a bypass, it is necessity to operate with the bypass open during safety certification testing. Bypass open operation typically results in larger clearances to combustibles. Elimination of a bypass mode and associated test requirement may result in more market favorable clearances to combustibles.
Another benefit of the present disclosure is non-bypassable catalytic assisted appliances that may be able to reduce particulate emissions so as to be in compliance with EPA year 2020 pending regulations.
Another benefits of the present disclosure include non-bypassable catalytic assisted appliances that may be passively engaged at all times and that provides no open bypass dirty burn mode as is typical with current catalyst designs. The no bypass configuration may be beneficial to achieving desirable rear clearances, lower flow resistance may reduce potential for back puffing, less difficulty in obtaining a robust fire started, and/or less issues with ash plugging.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprise” (and any form of comprise, such as “comprises” and “comprising”), “have” (and any form of have, such as “has” and “having”), “include” (and any form of include, such as “includes” and “including”), and “contain” (and any form contain, such as “contains” and “containing”) are open-ended linking verbs. As a result, a method or device that “comprises”, “has”, “includes” or “contains” one or more steps or elements possesses those one or more steps or elements, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more steps or elements. Likewise, a step of a method or an element of a device that “comprises”, “has”, “includes” or “contains” one or more features possesses those one or more features, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more features. Furthermore, a device or structure that is configured in a certain way is configured in at least that way, but may also be configured in ways that are not listed.
The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalents of all means or step plus function elements in the claims below, if any, are intended to include any structure, material, or act for performing the function in combination with other claimed elements as specifically claimed. The description of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosure in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of one or more aspects of the disclosure and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand one or more aspects of the disclosure for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/799,202, filed on Oct. 31, 2017, which application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/415,863, filed Nov. 1, 2016, entitled “Non-Bypassable Catalyst Assisted Appliances”, and which applications is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20200393133 A1 | Dec 2020 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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62415863 | Nov 2016 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 15799202 | Oct 2017 | US |
Child | 17004413 | US |