Patent Grant
7111825
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to devices for lifting and lowering objects, and more particularly to light-weight jacks adaptable for use in a laboratory environment.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Prior art discloses many devices and mechanisms for raising and lowering heavy objects. Many such devices are constructed of metal, however, utilization of metallic jacks in the laboratory environment has substantial drawbacks. It is known that metal can be expensive because of the fabrication and assembly expense. Significantly, metals, particularly relatively inexpensive metals, have a tendency to corrode. This is unacceptable in the laboratory environment, where corrosion might affect the results of the conducted experiments. Furthermore, corrosion might affect the mechanisms of the jacks by interfering with relative movement between working parts. Still further, metallic jacks are known to be heavy and relatively difficult to operate, especially in limited confinement areas of many laboratories.
Low weight jacks made of non-metallic materials are also known in the art. However, such lifting devices have not been very successful for a number of reasons. Typically, their structural elements have not been developed in a manner to utilize plastic materials, while being strong enough to lift heavy objects and maintaining a small size. A great majority of non-metallic jacks are replicas of their traditional metallic counterparts. One drawback in adapting existing metallic structures to plastic construction is that the standard metal jacks are better able to withstand the gravitational, bending and torsion forces and momentums to which the jacks are exposed. Many non-metallic jacks of the prior art do not contain strengthening or reinforcing elements especially provided to resist such forces and momentums.
The prior art non-metallic jacks typically suffer from such major drawbacks as a limited collapse of their structure due to applying loads or pressures in a substantially vertical directions and undesirable movement or wobbling and/or dislocation of the structural element as a result of off-center forces applied to the jack. The latter drawback often causes the inability to maintain scissor sub-assemblies parallel to each other and maintaining the load-bearing platform to be oriented in a plane parallel to the base throughout the operation of the jack.
Another drawback of non-metallic jacks of prior art made of plastic materials is the relative complexity of structures as they contain many parts. In this manner, an expensive mold is often required for production of each and every part of the assembly, ultimately increasing the cost of manufacturing of the non-metallic jack.
Thus, there has been a long-felt unsolved need to provide a non-metallic laboratory jack which is relatively inexpensive, non-corrosive, and does not alter results of laboratory experiments. There is also a need for an inexpensive jack which is made by utilizing a limited number of standardized parts. Furthermore, there has been a need for such a laboratory jack of non-metallic construction which is specifically adapted to withstand bending, torsion, and momentums found during regular use.
One aspect of the invention provides a non-metallic laboratory jack formed with two oppositely disposed reinforcing elements, a base positioned below the reinforcing elements, a load-bearing platform positioned above the reinforcing elements, a plurality of pairs of crossing links associated with the base, load-bearing platform and the reinforcing elements. The jack also includes a rotatable threaded shaft associated with the reinforcing elements which upon rotation in one direction draws the reinforcing elements together and raises the platform; and upon rotation in the opposite direction, lowers the load-bearing platform, whereby each reinforcing element is provided in the central elevational region of the laboratory jack and has an I-beam cross-section configuration. Each reinforcing element is formed having an elongated configuration with two elongated, substantially vertical sidewalls spaced apart form each other and a substantially horizontally disposed core element, extending between sidewalls. A shaft receiving block is provided in a central area of each reinforcing element. Each reinforcing element is terminated by an end wall. In this manner, each side of each reinforcing element is formed with at least two recesses, with each recess being formed by the elongated sidewalls, core element shaft receiving block, and respective end wall.
As to another aspect of the invention, the plurality of pairs of crossing links is formed with a plurality of upper arms and lower arms, each having upper and lower ends, wherein the upper ends of the lower arms and the lower ends of the upper arms are movably connected to outer surfaces of the end walls by means of respective pivotal members.
As to another aspect of the invention, an operative protrusion extends outwardly from a central area of the respective elongated sidewall, so that upon the reinforcing elements being drawn together to raise the load-bearing platform to the highest elevation thereof, the protrusions are positioned in a closed vicinity of each other. An adjustable arrangement can be provided between an inner end of the operative protrusion and a body of the respective reinforcing element, so that the extension of the protrusion with respect to the direction of the shaft can be adjusted upon rotation of the extension within the adjustable arrangement.
As to a further aspect of the invention, a non-metallic laboratory jack is provided with at least two stiffening plates provided in a substantially parallel relationship to each other between two oppositely disposed lower arms of a scissor sub-assembly and between two oppositely disposed substantially parallel upper arms of the scissors sub-assembly. Each stiffening plate is formed having a substantially similar configuration with upper and lower sides adapted to accommodate respective pivotal pins. This provides resistance to wobbling if an off-center load is placed on the surface of the jack.
As to still another aspect of the invention, at an upper longitudinal side the lower stiffening plate is pivotally attached to the central area of the lower arms and a lower longitudinal side of this stiffening plate is provided with pins which are adapted to be slidably received within slots formed in the side flanges of the base plate. In a similar manner, a lower longitudinal side of the upper stiffening plate is pivotally attached to the central area of the upper arms and the upper longitudinal side thereof is provided with pins adapted to be received in the slots of the side flanges of the load-bearing platform.
As to still a further aspect of the invention, the stiffening plates are disposed within planes substantially parallel to each other and remain substantially parallel to each other during lowering and elevating the load-bearing platform.
Referring now to
In order to simplify manufacturing and assembly and to reduce cost of the laboratory jack of the invention, the base 40 and the load-bearing platform 30 are also formed having substantially similar configuration. As shown in the drawings, the base 40 consists of a substantially flat element with upright side flanges 41, 43 extending outwardly from opposite sides thereof. Each side flange is formed with a longitudinal slot and an aperture adapted to receive pins or other connecting elements for connection with respective pairs of the scissor sub-assemblies. As shown in the drawings, the side flanges (41, 43) of the base 40 are spaced apart laterally and provide support for the pins or pivots (44, 46) and (48, 52) by which the lower ends of the lower arms are movably connected to the base. The lower arms (24, 26) and (28, 52) cross each other at the central pivots 11. In a similar manner, the upper arms cross each other at the central pivots 19. The side flanges are interconnected by front and rear flanges which also extend outwardly from the inner-surface of the flat element. In a similar manner, the load-bearing platform 30 is also formed by the respective substantially flat element which is adapted to support an item to be lifted and/or lowered. Side flanges of the platform 30 are adapted to receive pins by which the upper ends of the upper arms are movably connected to the platform.
In view of the similarities in the design of the load-bearing platform 30 and the base 40, in the assembled condition of the invention these elements are arranged to represent a mirror image of the each other. In this manner, the upright flanges 41 and 43 of the base 40 are positioned so as to face each other and to be in parallel to the corresponding flanges 41, 43 of the load-bearing platform. Similarly, the front and rear flanges of the base 40 and the platform 30 are also disposed to face each other.
A threaded shaft 15 with right and left handed threads is rotationally supported by first 50 and second 54 reinforcing elements provided in a central elevational region of the jack. The first reinforcing element 50 is formed with an internally screw threaded hole 57 extending in the direction of a substantially straight line passing through a threaded aperture 59 of the second reinforcing element 54. The threaded shaft 15 is provided with an externally threaded portion adapted to engage the internally threaded hole 57 of the first reinforcing element 50. The shaft 15 is further journalled at another end by the aperture 59 formed in the second reinforcing element 54. An operating handle 17 is used for rotation of the shaft during use of the jack. In this manner, the arms of both scissor sub-assemblies are opened and closed by the rotation of the threaded shaft 15, resulting in the load-bearing platform 30 being upwardly and downwardly moved.
To further reduce the cost of manufacturing and assembly of the non-metallic laboratory jack, the reinforcing elements 50 and 54 are also formed having substantially similar design. As clearly illustrated in
As it should be clear from the above, in the preferred embodiment, both reinforcing elements 50, 54 are substantially similar in design with the exception that the shaft receiving block 68 of one element can be formed with the aperture 59 having left directional threads, and the respective block 68 of another reinforcing element can be formed with the aperture 59 having right directional threads. This arrangement further reduces the costs of manufacturing and assembly point of the non-metallic jack of the invention.
By sub-dividing the reinforcing elements 50, 54 into a plurality of semi-isolated reinforcing regions (61,63) and (65,67) having an I-beam shaped cross-sectional design, the stress resistance of these reinforcing elements has been increased. This is especially important for the jack which is made of plastic or other non-metallic members. In this manner, the invention is capable of preventing a limited collapse of the jack when gravitational forces and pressure are applied downwardly on the load-bearing platform 30. Furthermore, by positioning the reinforcing elements 50, 54, as discussed hereinabove, in the central area of the assembly, the entire jack is prevented from dislocation of its elements and collapsing from forces and momentums generated when the weight is placed or shifted unevenly on the load-bearing platform 30.
In use, as the threaded shaft 15 rotates in one direction it draws the reinforcing elements 50 and 54 toward each other. Since the various arms are pivoted at their ends to the reinforcing elements 50, 54, they assume a more vertical position thereby elevating the platform 30. The elevation of the platform 30 is continued by the rotation of the handle 17 until the reinforcing elements or reinforcing elements 50, 54 are brought close together.
When an operator, in his attempt to raise the load-bearing platform to its highest elevation, uncontrollably applies torque on the threaded shaft 15, the reinforcing elements 50, 54 can be forced against each other, possibly causing warping in the scissor sub-assemblies. Such malfunction could eventually lead to breaking or locking up of the lifting mechanism. To prevent such a highly undesirable situation, each reinforcing element is formed with an operative protrusion 72, 74 extending outwardly from the central area of the elongated side walls. The function of these protrusions is to control the highest elevation of the load-bearing platform 30 during operation of the assembly. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, each operational protrusion forms a unitary structure with the respective reinforcing element. Thus, in this embodiment of the invention, the length or axial extension of the protrusions is constant. Thus, the length of the protrusions has to be chosen in such a manner that at the highest elevation of the load-bearing platform, the protrusions 72, 74 are either in contact or positioned in a very close proximity of each other.
In the alternative embodiment of the invention, as illustrated in
In practice, by adjusting the length of the protrusions 72, 74, a variable stop is provided which sets a predetermined height or elevation of the load-bearing platform 30. Upon protrusions 72, 74 approaching or contacting each other, the operator is informed when to stop turning the handle 17 when a predetermined elevation of the load-bearing platform 30 is reached. Another important feature of the invention is provided to address the momentums and forces which are generated in substantially vertical planes or in the planes extending at an angle either to the load-bearing platform 30 or the base 40. Resistance to such momentums and forces is essential in providing structural stability in the vertically oriented planes and maintaining the load-bearing platform in the position substantially parallel to the base 40 and supporting surfaces.
As best illustrated in
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a lower stiffening plate 80 is provided between two lower arms 26, 32 and an upper stiffening plate 72 is similarly positioned between upper arms 16, 20. Each stiffening plate 80, 82 can be formed having substantially flat configuration or can be manufactured having reinforcing ribs extending diagonally on each side thereof. The body of each stiffening plate is configured by upper and lower longitudinal sides 81, 83 connected by transverse sides 85, 87. The longitudinal sides 81, 83 of each stiffening plate are defined by bulging reinforcements 84, 86 adapted to accommodate respective connecting elements, pins or other fasteners which extend outwardly therefrom. At the upper longitudinal side 81, the lower stiffening plate 82 by means of such pins is pivotally attached to the central areas 11, 19 of the lower arms. The lower longitudinal side 83 of the lower stiffening plate 82 is provided with the respective pins 46, 52 which extend outwardly therefrom, pass through the respective lower ends of the lower arms, and are slidably received within slots formed in the respective side flanges 41, 43 of the base plate 40. In a similar manner, a pair of pins associated with the lower longitudinal side of the upper stiffening plate 80, pivotally engage the central area of the upper arms at the area of their intersection. The pins 38, 42 extend outwardly from the upper longitudinal side 81 of the upper stiffening member 80, pass through the respective upper ends of the upper arms and are slidably received within the slots formed in the respective side flanges of the load-bearing platform 30. In this manner the stiffening plates 80, 82 combine the scissor sub-assemblies 12 and 14 situated on both sides of the jack into a uniform structure. By joining the arms of the opposing scissors sub-assemblies, the stiffening plates 80, 82 enable the invention to maintain such sub-assemblies in planes substantially parallel to each other and maintain the load-bearing platform in a plane oriented substantially parallel to a plane of the base through the entire operation of the jack assembly.
In the preferred embodiment, the lower arms 24, 28 and upper arms 16, 20 of the arms of scissor elements are independent from the respective stiffening plates 80, 82. However, an arrangement in which the stiffening plates 80, 82 are combined with the corners providing scissor elements in respective unitary structures is also contemplated.
When gravitational forces or pressure are applied unevenly on the load-bearing platform 30, tortuous momentums are generated in the planes disposed primarily vertically or at an angle. One important function of the stiffening plates 80, 82 is to resist such tortuous momentums and forces applied to the load-bearing platform and to prevent undesirable dislocation of the structural elements which are due to such tortuous momentums. Such resistance is particularly important for the jacks made of plastic or other non-metallic materials. By providing stiffening plates 70, 72 at opposite vertical areas of the jack assembly, the invention provides the lifting device which is more structurally solid and coherent so as to prevent undesirable movements or wobbling of the assembly. The stiffening plates are substantially identical in design, so as to further reduce the cost of manufacturing and assembly of the laboratory jack of the invention.
The laboratory jack of the present invention may be made of any suitable plastic materials adapted to for manufacturing of all elements of its assembly. Alternatively, some components of the laboratory jack of the invention, such as screws, for example, may be made of metal. The present invention provides a light-weight jack specifically adapted for use in the laboratory environment. Due to its unique design, the laboratory jack utilizes a limited number of standardized parts and is not subject to corrosion and is specifically adapted to withstand bending and torsion forces.
While there is shown and described herein certain structure illustrating and embodying the invention, it will be understood that various changes and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art and may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is the intention to cover within the scope of the appended claims all such alterations and equivalents which may be substituted for the features which are herein disclosed. For example, if desired, the screw may be formed with right and left hand threads.
This application claims priority under 35 USC § 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/655,649 filed Feb. 23, 2005
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2071470 | Marlowe | Feb 1937 | A |
| 2508934 | Berg | May 1950 | A |
| 5139232 | Bailey | Aug 1992 | A |
| 5461736 | Carpenter et al. | Oct 1995 | A |
| 5503368 | Torres | Apr 1996 | A |
| 6286812 | Cherry | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20060186386 A1 | Aug 2006 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60655649 | Feb 2005 | US |
