Patent Application
20170120671
The subject matter of the present invention relates to a compliant hub as may be used in a non-pneumatic wheel.
The details and benefits of non-pneumatic tire constructions are described e.g., in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,769,465; 6,994,134; 7,013,939; and 7,201,194. Certain non-pneumatic tire constructions propose incorporating a shear band, embodiments of which are described in e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,769,465 and 7,201,194, which are incorporated herein by reference. Such non-pneumatic tires provide advantages in tire performance without relying upon a gas inflation pressure for support of the loads applied to the tire. A typical example of such non-pneumatic tires possess a central hub, an inner interface member joined to the central hub, a tread band to interface with the ground surface, an outer interface member joined to or integral with the tread band, and a plurality of web elements connecting the inner interface member to the outer interface member or tread band.
Such non-pneumatic rims or hubs require a relatively thin mounting surface through which fasteners, such as lug bolts or studs, may pass to mount the tire to the vehicle and a relatively wide web element mounting surface to allow a more uniform deformation and stress distribution across the web elements. The hub, generally constructed of metal, may be constructed as two pieces, a vertical central portion and a substantially cylindrical piece or “can” which are fastened together, or cast as a single piece of a large mass of metal. The hub may represent a significant cost of the non-pneumatic tire.
Occasionally a non-pneumatic tire, like a pneumatic tire, experiences an impact event that exceeds a certain force causing undesired permanent damage. Such events may occur when encountering a curb or other obstacle at excessive speed. During such an event, sometimes referred to as a “pinch shock event” permanent plastic deformation or fracturing of the rim or damage to other wheel or tire components is possible.
Accordingly, a hub that can simplify and reduce the cost of construction while increasing durability of the wheel would be beneficial. Such a hub that can be incorporated into a variety of non-pneumatic tire constructions would be particularly useful.
Aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the following description, or may be obvious from the description, or may be learned through practice of the invention.
In one exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a partially compliant hub for securing a non-pneumatic structurally supported wheel having a disk shaped center portion and a toroidal shaped outer portion circumferentially placed about the periphery of said disk shaped center portion, where said center disk shaped center portion has a higher modulus of elasticity than the toroidal shaped outer portion.
In another exemplary embodiment, the partially compliant hub's disk shaped center portion is constructed of stamped steel.
In another exemplary embodiment, the partially compliant hub's disk shaped center portion is constructed of cast metal.
In another exemplary embodiment, the partially compliant hub's disk shaped center portion possesses a plurality of apertures circumferentially spaced near the periphery of the disk and the toroidal shaped outer portion
In another exemplary embodiment, a non-pneumatic structurally supported wheel comprises: a hub portion comprising a mounting disk possessing a generally circular outer periphery and an axially elongated toroidal structure securely mounted concentrically with the mounting disk and encapsulating said outer periphery of the mounting disk; a compliant load supporting band disposed radially outward and concentrically with said hub; a plurality of tension based web elements extending between said hub portion and said compliant load supporting band; wherein said mounting disk is constructed of a material that has a modulus of elasticity greater than the modulus of elasticity of the material used to construct said outer toroidal structure wherein said plurality of web elements and said toroidal structure are molded as a unitary structure.
These embodiments, and the embodiments that follow, allow for a less expensive partially compliant hub structure that is more resistant to plastic deformation, lighter weight, and results in a wheel structure that is even more compliant than a wheel having a rigid hub structure.
These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following description and appended claims. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention, including the best mode thereof, directed to one of ordinary skill in the art, is set forth in the specification, which makes reference to the appended figures, in which:
The use of identical or similar reference numerals in different figures denotes identical or similar features.
The present invention provides a partially compliant hub that may be used e.g., in a non-pneumatic tire. For purposes of describing the invention, reference now will be made in detail to embodiments and/or methods of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in or with the drawings. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention, not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For instance, features or steps illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment or steps to yield a still further embodiments or methods. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
The following terms are defined as follows for this disclosure:
“Axial direction” or the letter “A” in the figures refers to a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of for example, the shear band, tire, and/or wheel as it travels along a road surface.
“Radial direction” or the letter “R” in the figures refers to a direction that is orthogonal to the axial direction and extends in the same direction as any radius that extends orthogonally from the axial direction.
“Equatorial plane” means a plane that passes perpendicular to the axis of rotation and bisects the shear band and/or wheel structure.
“Radial plane” means a plane that passes perpendicular to the equatorial plane and through the axis of rotation of the wheel.
In a test performed using a pendulum impact device, for example, a conventional metal “can” hub was compared to a hub constructed in accordance with the invention disclosed and having a metal inner hub disk shaped portion having an outer periphery surrounded by a polyurethane toroid shaped outer hub portion. The conventional metal “can” hub plastically deformed after an impact having 1390 Joules and 6257 kilograms force while the hub constructed in accordance with the invention withstood 3426 Joules and 9471 kilograms force without plastic deformation.
The hub 201 of the current embodiment is comprised of a center disk portion 205 and a relatively more flexible outer toroidal portion 259. The inner interface band 139 may be a separate component bonded to the outer surface of the outer toroidal portion 259 or the inner interface band 139 may be integral with outer toroidal portion 259 such as where the web elements 129, and outer cylindrical portion 259 are molded from a continuous mold cavity. In the case where the inner interface element is integral with the outer toroidal portion, the term “inner interface element” may be used to refer to the “outer toroidal portion” and vice versa.
The disk portion 205 of the hub 201 present embodiment is formed from a stamped sheet of metal, bent into a generally flat disk-like shape. It should be understood that the center disk portion 205 may also be cast or forged, and may be constructed from a material having a stiffness greater than that of the toroidal portion 259 which, in the present embodiment is constructed of a material having a lower stiffness than the disk portion 205. The toroidal portion 259 of the present embodiment possesses a toroidal shape which is elongated in the axial direction forming a generally cylindrical shape. The outer circumference of the center disk portion 205 is bonded to the outer toroidal portion 259.
The disk portion 205 of the present embodiment 101 is positioned parallel with an equatorial plane of the tire. Disk portion 205 possesses bend 219 in the outer periphery 207 so that the outer portion is circumferentially bent approximately 90 degrees forming a lip around the outer circumference of the disk 205. The bend 219 exposes a larger surface area to the radial forces generated by the weight carried by the tire and allows for greater bonded surface area of the disk portion 205 to the toroidal portion 259.
The toroidal portion 259 of the present embodiment possesses a cross section with an inside concave curved portion 265 between the disk 205 and inside portion 115 of the wheel and an inner concave portion 269 transitioning to a sloped but flat portion 271 between the disk 205 and the outside portion 117 of the wheel. The sloped and concave portions 271, 269 and 265 create a tapering of the toroid away from the disk 205.
In the present embodiment, the web elements 129 and toroidal portion 259 are formed of the same material. In this embodiment, the disk portion 205 of the hub 201 and tread band 109 are positioned within a mold. An elastomeric material is then poured into the mold forming the outer interface band 119, web elements 129 and toroidal hub portion 259 as a unitary structure. The elastomeric material in the present embodiment may be any suitable elastomeric material such as a natural or synthetic rubber, polyurethane, foamed rubber and foamed polyurethane, segmented copolyesters and block co-polymers of nylon. Molding of the toroidal portion and web elements simplifies construction of the wheel and reduces cost, while allowing for a compliant composite hub particularly suited for a tension based non-pneumatic wheel. Cost savings and simplification of construction are evident by simplification of the construction of the hub by eliminating the need to construct a cylindrically shaped portion extending in the wheel's axial direction to support the load of the web elements.
Alternatively, the hub portion 201 is formed in a previous step by placing a center disk 205 within a mold, molding the toroidal portion 259, removing the hub 201 from the mold then placing the formed hub 201 and tread band 109 in a different mold and pouring an elastomeric material forming the outer interface band 119, web elements 129 and inner interface band 139. This alternative embodiment 103, as shown in
It should be understood that in any of the embodiments herein the outer interface band 119 may possess reinforcing elements, such as metallic cords or natural or synthetic cords or textiles, or the tread band 109 may possess reinforcing elements, or some combination of both the interface element 119 and tread band 109 possessing reinforcing elements such as metallic cords or natural or synthetic cords or textiles.
In yet another embodiment, the tread band may be omitted and the outer interface band may serve functionally as a tread band, possessing both reinforcing elements and interfacing with the surface on which the wheel operates.
The embodiments illustrated above show a toroidal portion possessing a smooth surface. Alternatively, as shown in
Another embodiment is shown in
It should be understood that other web element configurations and geometries may be used within the scope of the invention, including web elements which are interconnected such as where they may form a honeycomb or other pattern.
While the present subject matter has been described in detail with respect to specific exemplary embodiments and methods thereof, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art, upon attaining an understanding of the foregoing may readily produce alterations to, variations of, and equivalents to such embodiments. Accordingly, the scope of the present disclosure is by way of example rather than by way of limitation, and the subject disclosure does not preclude inclusion of such modifications, variations and/or additions to the present subject matter as would be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2014/038472 | 5/16/2014 | WO | 00 |
