Non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst and method of preparing the same

Abstract

A non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst includes an oxide carrier impregnated with platinum (Pt) and cerium (Ce). The non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst may be prepared by uniformly mixing a platinum precursor, a cerium precursor, and an oxide carrier in a dispersing medium to obtain a mixture; drying the mixture; and calcining the dried mixture. The shift reaction catalyst having a non-pyrophoric property has an excellent reaction activity even at a low temperature and can efficiently remove carbon monoxide in fuel.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and/or other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart illustrating fuel processing in a fuel processor used in a conventional fuel cell system;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of a non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of a non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst according to another embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating CO concentration and CO conversion with respect to number of cycles, including air injection, of a non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst comprising an oxide carrier impregnated with platinum (Pt) and cerium (Ce).

2. The non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1, wherein the amount of platinum is in the range of 0.5 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the oxide carrier; andwherein the amount of cerium is in the range of 1 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the oxide carrier.

3. The non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1, wherein the oxide carrier is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of alumina (Al2O3), TiO2, zirconia (ZrO2), stabilized zirconia, CeO2, and a mixture thereof.

4. The non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the oxide carrier is in the range of 10 to 1,000 m2/g.

5. The non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1, wherein the platinum is in the form of platinum particles having an average particle size in the range of 1 to 10 nm.

6. The non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1, wherein the degree of platinum dispersion is in the range of 60 to 99%.

7. A method of preparing a non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst, the method comprising: uniformly mixing a platinum precursor, a cerium precursor, and an oxide carrier in a dispersing medium to obtain a mixture;drying the mixture; andcalcining the dried mixture.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the amount of the platinum precursor is in the range of 0.5 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the oxide carrier; andwherein the amount of the cerium precursor is in the range of 1 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the oxide carrier.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the oxide carrier is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of alumina, TiO2, ZrO2, CeO2, and a mixture thereof.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the dispersing medium is selected from the group consisting of water, alcohol, and a mixture thereof.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the drying of the mixture is performed at 80 to 120° C. for 6 to 24 hours.

12. The method of claim 7, wherein the calcining of the dried mixture is performed at 300 to 700° C. for 2 to 24 hours.

13. A method of preparing a non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst, the method comprising: mixing and heating a carrier precursor in an organic solution containing an acid and ethylene glycol to obtain a mixture;calcining the mixture to obtain a oxide carrier;wet impregnating a platinum precursor and a cerium precursor into the oxide carrier;drying the impregnated oxide carrier; andcalcining the dried impregnated oxide carrier.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the carrier precursor is selected from the group consisting of an alumina precursor, a Ti precursor, a Zr precursor, a Ce precursor, and a mixture thereof.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the acid is selected from the group consisting of an inorganic acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and boric acid; an organic acid selected from the group consisting of citric acid, a C1-20 aliphatic carboxylic acid and a C1-30 aromatic carboxylic acid; and a mixture thereof.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein in the mixing and heating of the carrier precursor in the organic solution containing acid and ethylene glycol, the amount of acid is in the range of 5 to 20 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the carrier precursor and the amount of ethylene glycol is in the range of 10 to 60 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the carrier precursor.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the calcining of the mixture to obtain the oxide carrier is performed at 400 to 700° C. for 2 to 24 hours.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein the amount of the platinum precursor impregnated into the oxide carrier is in the range of 0.5 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the oxide carrier; andwherein the amount of the cerium precursor impregnated into the oxide carrier is in the range of 1 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the oxide carrier.

19. The method of claim 13, wherein the drying the impregnated oxide carrier is performed at 80 to 120° C. for 6 to 24 hours.

20. The method of claim 13, wherein the calcining of the dried impregnated oxide carrier is performed at 300 to 700° C. for 2 to 24 hours.

21. A fuel processor comprising the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1.

22. A fuel processor comprising a desulfurization apparatus and a shift reaction apparatus, wherein the shift reaction apparatus comprises the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1.

23. A fuel processor comprising a desulfurization apparatus and a shift reaction apparatus, wherein the shift reaction apparatus comprises a non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst prepared according to the method of claim 7.

24. A fuel processor comprising a desulfurization apparatus and a shift reaction apparatus, wherein the shift reaction apparatus comprises a non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst prepared according to the method of claim 13.

25. A fuel processor comprising a high temperature shift reaction apparatus and a low temperature shift reaction apparatus, wherein the high temperature shift reaction apparatus comprises the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1.

26. A fuel processor comprising a high temperature shift reaction apparatus and a low temperature shift reaction apparatus, wherein the low temperature shift reaction apparatus comprises the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1.

27. A fuel cell system comprising the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1.

28. A fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell stack and a fuel processor, wherein the fuel processor comprises the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 1.

29. A fuel processor comprising the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 2.

30. A fuel processor comprising a high temperature shift reaction apparatus and a low temperature shift reaction apparatus, wherein the high temperature shift reaction apparatus comprises the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 2.

31. A fuel processor comprising a high temperature shift reaction apparatus and a low temperature shift reaction apparatus, wherein the low temperature shift reaction apparatus comprises the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 2.

32. A fuel cell system comprising the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 2.

33. A fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell stack and a fuel processor, wherein the fuel processor comprises the non-pyrophoric shift reaction catalyst of claim 2.