Patent Application
20250058544
This application claims priority to Polish application P.445839, filed on Aug. 17, 2023, presently pending, the contents of which are incorporated by reference.
The subject of the invention is a polymeric non-woven material protecting against skin abrasions. The subject of the invention is also a method of obtaining a non-woven protective material by electrospinning. The subject of the invention is also a patch protecting against abrasions of the epidermis comprising a polymeric, non-woven protective material obtained by this method.
Many people, especially people with a muscular physique or overweight people, struggle with the problem of skin abrasions when moving, for example, when walking. Then, the inner parts of the thighs rub against each other, causing painful abrasions. Similar abrasions can also occur in other parts of the body, e.g., below the armpits. Therefore, there is a significant need to support them in this problem by providing a product that would eliminate epidermal abrasions.
So far, this problem has been solved by wearing tights, longer pants, gels, or conventional patches. These solutions are inconvenient, especially for people wearing a skirt. Conventional patches, on the other hand, stick strongly to the skin, and their removal can be painful.
From the Czech utility model CZ18990U1, a protective patch against abrasions on the inside of the thighs is known. The anti-abrasion patch on the inside of the thighs is made of a transparent material with an adhesive layer, and its shape and size correspond to the overlapping of the friction surfaces created when walking on the inside of the thighs. The adhesive capacity of the adhesive layer is lower than that of conventional medical patches, so it can be easily removed. The patch can be produced in several sizes and sold in pairs. The protective patch is formed by a cut-out of transparent plastic and is provided on one side with an adhesive layer provided with a protective cover. The protective patch has the shape of a butterfly, i.e., it has the narrowest width of S=10 cm in the middle, and at the top and bottom, the end widens to a width of S=12 cm. The length of the protective patch is 14 cm. The corners of the patch are rounded. The description of the pattern does not reveal what plastic the patch is made of.
The method of electrospinning is known in the art. For example, US2015290354A1
Polymeric non-woven wound protection patches are known in the art. These patches may contain layers containing therapeutic substances, e.g., antibacterial.
The aforementioned publication US2015290354A1 discloses webs comprising fibers obtained by electrospinning comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) (EVA), poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), methacrylate poly(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylate poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl), polylysine, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polypyrroles, cyclodextrin, poly(α-[4-aminobutyl]-1-glycolic acid) (PAGA), poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (pDMAEMA), poly(enol ketone) (PEK), N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) and their blends, derivatives, and copolymers. In certain embodiments, the networks may include two or more therapeutic agents. The polymer solution generally comprises an electrospinning polymer or blend of polymers and one or more solvents. The solvent or solvents may be, for example, dichloromethane (DMC), ethylene acetate (EA), dichloroethylene (DCE), dimethylformamide (DMF), hexafluoro isopropanol (HIFP), dichloromethane (DCM), tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethyl acetate (EA), chloroform, acetone, heptane, isopropyl alcohol, octanol, and toluene and water. The concentration of the polymer solution may vary, and in some embodiments, the polymer solution may contain about 5% to about 25% by weight of the polymer.
US2013150763A1 discloses a wound dressing comprising three polymer layers. The first layer is a load-bearing layer of a hydrophobic nature. The polymers of this layer are selected from the group consisting of polyamides, polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), and combinations thereof. Second polymer layer polymers are selected from the group consisting of polyamides, polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), and combinations thereof, or the hydrophilic polymers are selected from the group consisting of chitosan, gelatin, collagen, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), and combinations thereof, wherein the hydrophilic polymer is chitosan. The second nanofibrous layer preferably comprises chitosan and polyethylene oxide (PEO). The second layer also contains Melilotus extract officinalis which is mixed with the second nanofibrous layer in a ratio of 50% or 30% or 10% of the total weight. The third nanofibrous layer contains biocompatible hydrophilic polymers. Biocompatible hydrophilic polymers are selected from the group consisting of chitosan, collagen, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), and combinations thereof. The third nanofibrous layer consists of chitosan and polyethylene oxide (PEO). The chitosan is present in the third nanofibrous layer in a ratio of 90 weight percent or less of the polymer.
In turn, Taiwanese TWI678019B discloses laying and hot-pressing two layers of polymer fibers, each polymer fiber film has a fiber orientation, and the fiber orientations of the two polymer fiber films are perpendicular to each other; where the hot pressing temperature is 90° C.˜110° C., the pressure is 10˜20 kg/cm2, and the duration is 5 minutes.
The object of the invention is to provide a skin-compatible material that could be used for a permanent but easily removable fixation on the skin in areas prone to abrasions.
The protective anti-chafing material, according to the invention, intended to be applied to the skin, comprises at least one polymer non-woven layer obtained by electrospinning in an electrostatic field. The material is characterized by the fact that the polymer layer is a mixture of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) with the predominance of polycaprolactone (PCL) and that the non-woven layer is spot welded.
The invention, together with the above and other objects and advantages, will be best understood from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings wherein:
Preferably, the weight ratio of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) in the mixture is 10:1. Preferably; the protective material comprises a non-woven fabric mixed with an excipient in one or more of the following combinations:
Preferably, the material comprises three adjacent layers:
In another variant, the material preferably comprises three adjacent layers:
The essence of the invention is also a protective, anti-chafing patch comprising at least one layer of a polymer non-woven fabric, an adhesive layer, and a removable layer constituting a cover for the adhesive layer. The patch is characterized in that the polymer layer is a mixture of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyethylene oxide (PEO), and optionally a mixture of polymers mixed with an excipient in one or more of the following combinations:
In a preferred variant of the patch, the weight ratio of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) is 10:1.
Preferably, the patch comprises one of the following combinations of layers:
The essence of the invention is also a method of obtaining a protective, anti-chafing material containing at least one polymer layer of non-woven fabric obtained by electrospinning in an electrostatic field, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
In a preferred variant of the process, step I additionally comprises the preparation of one or more starting solutions:
Step II comprises the transformation of the initial PCL/PEO solution and one or more initial solutions 1)-7) obtained in point I. into fibers and non-woven fabric by electrospinning of the initial solutions in an electrostatic field using separate nozzles for each initial solution.
In a preferred variant of the method, the three-layer protective material is obtained by electrospinning the starting PCL/PEO solution and obtaining the first inner layer (i), then electrospinning one or more starting solutions 1) to 7) directly onto the first layer (i) and obtaining the second layer—the middle one (ii) which is a carrier of active substances, then electrospinning the starting solution 5) directly onto the second layer (ii) to obtain the third outer layer (iii).
In a preferred variant of the method, the three-layer protective material is obtained by electrospinning one or more starting solutions 1) to 7) directly and obtaining the first-inner layer (i) and then electrospinning the starting PCL/PEO solution directly onto the first layer and obtaining the second-middle layer (ii), then electrospinning the starting solution 4) directly onto the second layer (ii) to obtain the third outer layer (iii).
In another preferred variant of the method, a two-layer protective material is obtained by electrospinning one or more of the starting solutions 1) to 7) directly and obtaining the first-inner layer and then the starting solution 4) directly on the second layer to obtain the second-outer layer (ii).
In another preferred variant of the method, a single-layer protective material is obtained by simultaneously electrospinning multiple starting solutions 1) to 7) and obtaining the first layer (i).
Thanks to the invention, a material that is very pleasant to the touch has been obtained, which at the same time has good strength.
In the following description, the individual substances have the following
Shea butter—vegetable oil obtained from the fruit of Parka (called shea tree). In its fresh, unprocessed form, it has a paste-like consistency, is whitish in color, is almost odorless, and has a very faint taste.
Avocado butter is produced in the process of hydrogenation of cold-pressed avocado oil.
Aloe vera powder is the hardened juice of the leaves of various species of aloe vera. The raw material should contain not less than 18% of anthranoid compounds, expressed as aloin. It has the form of lumps of irregular shape and various sizes, green-brown, almost black in color, usually covered with green dust; the lumps disintegrate into sharp-edged fragments on compression; their fracture is shiny, shell-like, and a peculiar smell.
Lanolin, otherwise fat sweat—animal wax obtained when cleaning sheep's wool. It is a mixture of fatty acid esters with sterols (including cholesterol). Pure, anhydrous lanolin is in the form of a thick, dark yellow or yellow-brown mass with a faint, slightly alcoholic smell.
Hyaluronic acid—an organic chemical compound, a polysaccharide from the group of glycosaminoglycans. Hyaluronic acid is a biopolymer with alternating D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units connected by β(1→4) and β(1→3)glycosidic bonds. CBD hemp oil—is an extract obtained from hemp seeds and flowers in the form of oil, containing cannabidiol in short called CBD. It has a green-brown color and a slightly bitter, spicy-nut aroma and taste.
Hemp ointment—skin ointment composed of the following ingredients: Aqua, Cannabis Sativa (Hemp) Seed Oil, Alcohol Denat., Propylene Glycol, Glycerin, Copernicia Cerifera (Carnauba Wax) Cera, Cetearyl Alcohol, Glyceryl Stearate, Petrolatum, Cetearyl Glucoside, Phenoxyethanol, Ethylhexylglycerin, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Camphor, Methyl Salicylate, Turpentine, Xanthan Gum, Menthol, Carbomer, Tocopherol, D-Limonene (the content of ingredients is reserved by the manufacturer).
In the following, abbreviations will be used for brevity and clarity of description: PCL for polycaprolactone, PEO for polyethylene oxide, AV for Aloe Vera. MS for Shea Butter, MA for Avocado Butter, L for Lanolin, PVA for polyvinyl alcohol and PI for pigment.
An example of a protective material is a non-woven material made of the following polymers: a combination of polymers of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and the substances: aloe vera, shea butter, avocado butter and lanolin. The material consists of three adjacent and adjacent layers:
The pigments are titanium dioxide and iron oxide combined. As a result of their combination, a color resembling the color of flesh is created. Titanium dioxide is in the form of microparticles.
The non-woven material is obtained in the electrospinning process from solutions of polymers dissolved in:
The layers: inner (i), middle (ii) and outer (iii) are applied to each other and the three-layer material is spot welded. Spot welding is carried out, for example, with a splined roller heated to 100° C. Spot welding increases the strength of the multi-layer non-woven fabric.
The method of obtaining the material according to the invention.
The protective material, according to the invention was obtained in three sub-steps (I, II, III) which are described below.
To obtain the protective material, initial solutions for individual fiber combinations were prepared first.
Acetone and chloroform were placed in the tank with a cap in a volume ratio of 70:30, and then the polymers: polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene oxide (PEO) were added in a weight ratio of PCL:PEO equal to 10:1 and mixed until the polymeric materials were completely dissolved (PCL, PEO) and thus the creation of a PCL/PEO solution.
A much higher content of PCL in relation to PEO results in a very velvety material in contact. If the ratio was reversed, the resulting fibers would dissolve on contact with water, as polyethylene oxide (PEO) is sensitive to water. On the other hand, a higher content of PCL gives a higher strength of the material.
Acetone and chloroform were placed in the tank with a cap in a 70:30 volume ratio, then Aloe Vera powder was added in an amount of 5% by weight in relation to the total weight of polymers ((polycaprolactone (PCL)+polyethylene oxide (PEO)) and subjected to intensive mixing and simultaneous ultrasonics for 1 minute using an appropriate tool such as a sonotrode used in ultrasonic welding, after the set time the sonotrode was removed, polymers polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene oxide (PEO) were added in a weight ratio of 1:10 and mixed until the polymeric materials were completely dissolved and thus a polycaprolactone solution was formed (PCL)/polyethylene oxide (PEO)/aloe vera (AV).
Acetone and chloroform were placed in a tank with a cap in a volume ratio of 70:30, then Shea Butter (MS) in the amount of 2%, Avocado Butter (MA) in the amount of 2% and Lanolin (L) in the amount of 1% were added, the total weight of the additives used did not exceed 5% by weight in relation to the total weight of polymers ((polycaprolactone (PCL)+polyethylene oxide (PEO)), the mentioned additives were intensively mixed for 30 minutes, after the set time polymers polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene oxide (PEO) were added) in a weight ratio of 1:10 and were mixed until complete dissolution of polymeric materials (PCL, PEO) and thus a solution of polycaprolactone (PCL)/polyethylene oxide (PEO)/Shea butter (MS)/Avocado butter (MA)/Lanolin (L)
Distilled water and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) granules were placed in a container with a cap, and the combined materials were intensively mixed and subjected to a temperature of 90□ C for 2 hours. The effect of temperature and time enabled the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) granulate to be completely dissolved; after dissolution, the obtained solution was cooled until the temperature reached 20-25 degrees C., Aloe Vera (AV) powder was added to the cooled solution in the amount of 5% by weight in relation to to the mass of PVA and dissolved for 12 h, which finally led to the formation of a solution of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/Aloe Vera (AV)
Acetone and chloroform were placed in the tank with a cap in a ratio of 70:30, then the pigment was added in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight, depending on the planned color scheme in relation to the total weight of polymers ((polycaprolactone (PCL)+polyethylene oxide (PEO)) and subjected to intensive mixing and simultaneous ultrasound for 1 minute using a sonotrode, after the set time the sonotrode was removed, polymers polycaprolactone (PCL)+polyethylene oxide (PEO) were added in a weight ratio of 1:10 and stirred until complete dissolution of polymeric materials (PCL, PEO) and thus a solution of polycaprolactone (PCL)/polyethylene oxide (PEO)/pigment (PI).
Sub-Stage II—the Transformation of Solutions into Fibers and then Non-Wovens
To obtain the target protective material, three directly applied layers were obtained:
An electrostatic field of 1 to 1.5 kV/cm was used for all fibers.
According to the invention, the conversion of the solutions into non-woven fabrics proceeded as follows:
According to the invention, the resulting layered non-woven protective material structure with an inner layer (i), a middle layer (ii) and an outer layer (iii) is then subjected to spot welding. This action is possible thanks to the use of thermoplastic (PCL), which dominates the protective material.
The layers are spot welded using a studded roller heated to 100° C. As a result of spot welding, the strength of the multilayer non-woven fabric is increased.
The protective material may have, for example, a thickness of 0.2 mm to 3 mm. The preferred thickness is 2 mm.
The protective material can also be applied to other media, materials, and fabrics. A person skilled in the art will find many possibilities to combine the protective material with other materials as desired.
To prepare the protective patch material, hypoallergenic silicone adhesive A, adapted to the size of the welded surface, is applied at the welding points B on the inner layer (i). protective patch on the surface of the body. Protective layers for patches are known in the art and a skilled person is able to use a protective layer suitable for silicone adhesive.
In another example, the protective material consists of three adjacent and directly applied layers:
The pigments are titanium dioxide and iron oxide combined. As a result of their combination, a color resembling the color of flesh is created. Titanium dioxide is in the form of microparticles.
The protective material was created by electrospinning from solutions of polymers dissolved in:
The layers: inner (i), middle (ii) and outer (iii) are applied to each other and the three-layer material is spot welded. Spot welding is carried out, for example, with a splined roller heated to 100° C. Spot welding increases the strength of the multi-layer non-woven fabric.
The protective material was obtained as described below.
The solutions were prepared as in Example 1.
Sub-Stage II—Transformation of Solutions into Fibers and then Non-Wovens
To obtain the target protective material described above, three directly applied layers (i), (ii), (iii) were obtained.
According to the invention, the transformation of the solutions into non-woven fabrics proceeded as follows:
According to the invention, the resulting non-woven structure of the protective material is then subjected to spot welding. This action is possible thanks to the use of thermoplastic (PCL), which dominates the protective material. The layers are spot welded using a studded roller heated to 100° C. As a result of spot welding, the strength of the multilayer non-woven fabric is increased.
The protective material may have, for example, a thickness of 0.2 mm to 3 mm. The preferred thickness is 2 mm.
The protective material can also be applied to other media, materials and fabrics. A person skilled in the art will find many possibilities to combine the protective material with other materials as desired.
To prepare the protective patch material, hypoallergenic silicone adhesive A, adapted to the size of the welded surface, is applied at the welding points B on the inner layer (i). protective patch on the surface of the body. Protective layers for patches are known in the art and a skilled person can use a protective layer suitable for silicone adhesive.
In another example, the protective material comprises two directly applied layers:
The protective material was created by electrospinning from solutions of polymers dissolved in:
The method of obtaining the material according to the invention.
To obtain the protective material, the starting solutions for the fibers mentioned in examples 1 and 2 were first prepared in the manner described in these examples.
Sub-Stage II—Transformation of Solutions into Fibers and then Non-Wovens
To obtain the target protective material, three directly applied layers were obtained:
According to the invention, the transformation of the solutions into non-woven fabrics proceeded as follows:
According to the invention, the resulting non-woven (protective material) structure is then subjected to spot welding, as in the above-described examples 1 and 2.
The resulting protective material may have exemplary thicknesses of 0.2 mm to 3 mm. The preferred thickness is 2 mm.
The protective material can also be applied to other media, materials and fabrics. A person skilled in the art will find many possibilities to combine the protective material with other materials as desired.
To obtain a patch, an adhesive and a protective material are applied to the material as described in Examples 1 and 2.
In the next example, the protective material contains one layer that is a combination of:
The protective material was created by electrospinning from solutions of polymers dissolved in:
In sub-stage I—preparation of solutions, the solutions were prepared in the same way as described in example 1.
Sub-Stage—Transformation of Solutions into Fibers and then Non-Wovens
To obtain the target protective material, fibers from the following solutions were applied at the same time: PCL/PEO/AV, PCL/PEO/MS/MA/L, PVA/AV, PVA/KAV, PCL/PEO and PCL/PEO/PI, which converted using an electrostatic field into fibers and then into a non-woven fabric.
According to the invention, the transformation of the solutions into non-woven fabrics proceeded as follows:
According to the invention, the resulting non-woven structure of the protective material is then subjected to spot welding. as described in examples 1 and 2.
The protective material may have, for example, a thickness of 0.2 mm to 3 mm. The preferred thickness is 2 mm.
The protective material can also be applied to other media, materials and fabrics. A person skilled in the art will find many possibilities to combine the protective material with other materials as desired.
In the examples described above, hyaluronic acid, CBD oil, hemp ointment were also used as additives. Analogically to the solutions 2)-4) of Example 1, their content is up to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the polymers ((polycaprolactone (PCL)+polyethylene oxide (PEO)).
To obtain a patch, an adhesive and a protective material are applied to the material as described in Examples 1 and 2.
An example of an anti-abrasion patch (
The patch can be present in three exemplary layers:
The patch may be in the shape of a rectangle measuring 80 mm×100 mm. The patch can also have any other shape that is comfortable to wear. Preferably, the thickness of the protective material used in the patch is 0.2 mm to 3 mm, more preferably 2 mm. Depending on the needs, this thickness can also be outside the ranges.
The invention finds application in the cosmetic and medical industries.
A protective material intended to be applied to the skin comprising at least one polymer layer of a non-woven fabric obtained by electrospinning in an electrostatic field is characterized in that the polymer layer comprises a mixture of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) with a predominance of polycaprolactone (PCL) and that the layer of non-woven fabric is spot welded. A protective patch comprising at least one layer of a polymeric non-woven fabric (i), (ii), (iii), an adhesive layer (A) and a removable layer (C) covering the adhesive layer (A), characterized in that the polymer layer (i), (ii), (iii) is a mixture of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyethylene oxide (PEO), and optionally a mixture of polymers mixed with an excipient, one or more layers together being spot-welded, the adhesive (A), preferably silicone is spot applied at the weld points (B). A method for obtaining a protective material containing at least one polymer non-woven layer obtained by electrospinning in an electrostatic field, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: I. preparation of the initial PCL/PEO solution by mixing polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) with predominance of polycaprolactone (PCL) in a mixture of acetone and chloroform with a volume ratio of 70:30, II. transformation of the starting solution obtained in point I. into fibers and non-woven fabric by electro spinning of the starting solution in an electrostatic field, III spot welding of the solution obtained in point II. non-woven fabric at temperatures up to 100° C.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| P.445839 | Aug 2023 | PL | national |
