Claims
- 1. A nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte comprising:
poly(siloxane-g-ethylene oxide) represented by the formula 7wherein n=4 to 20, m=0 to 20, and R4 is [—O-(alkylene oxide)k-R11] wherein R11 is alkyl group; and at least one ionizable salt.
- 2. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 1 wherein n is equal to 4 to 12.
- 3. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 1 wherein n is approximately equal to 8.
- 4. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 1 wherein m is equal to 0 to 8.
- 5. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 1 wherein m is approximately equal to 0.
- 6. The nonaqueous, liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 1 wherein n=4 to 12 and m is approximately equal to 0.
- 7. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 1 wherein n is approximately equal to 8 and m is approximately equal to 0.
- 8. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 1 wherein R1, R2, R3, R8, R9 and R10 are chosen from the group consisting of: methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl.
- 9. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 1 wherein R5, R6 and R7 are chosen from the group consisting of: methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl.
- 10. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 1 wherein said R4 is poly(ethylene oxide) ether.
- 11. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 10 wherein said poly(ethylene oxide) ether is methyl ether.
- 12. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 10 wherein k is equal to 2 to 10.
- 13. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 10 wherein k is approximately equal to 3.
- 14. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte recited in claim 1 wherein said dissolved ionizable salt is an alkali metal salt.
- 15. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte recited in claim 14 wherein said alkali metal salt comprises a lithium salt.
- 16. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte recited in claim 14 wherein said salt comprises at least one salt selected from the group consisting of: LiN(SO2CF3)2 (LiTFSI), LiClO4, LiBF4, LiAsF6, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, Li(CF3SO2)2N, LiC(CF3SO2)3, LiN(SO2C2F5)2, lithium bis(chelato) borate having five to seven membered rings, and lithium alkyl fluorophosphates.
- 17. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte recited in claim 1 wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio is 5:1 to 50:1.
- 18. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte recited in claim 1 wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio is about 10:1 to about 35:1.
- 19. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte recited in claim 1 wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio is 12:1 to 28:1.
- 20. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte recited in claim 1 wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio is about 15:1 to about 25:1.
- 21. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte recited in claim 1 wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio is about 15:1.
- 22. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte of claim 1 wherein said ionizable salt comprises a quaternary ammonium salt having an anion selected form the following groups: ClO4−, BF4−, AsF6−, PF6−, CF3SO3−, (CF3SO2)2N−, (CF3SO2)3C−, (C2F5SO2)2N−, PF3(C2F5)3−, PF3(CF3)3−, and B(C2O4)2−.
- 23. The nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte recited in claim 1 further comprising boron detectable by at least one technique chosen from the following: mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).
- 24. An electrochemical storage device comprising said electrolyte recited in claim 1.
- 25. A medical device powered by at least one electrochemical storage device recited in claim 24.
- 26. A method for synthesizing a polyhydrosiloxane intermediary for preparing poly(siloxane-g-ethylene oxide), represented by the formula:
- 27. The method recited in claim 26 wherein said precursor comprises a cyclic polysiloxane.
- 28. The method recited in claim 26 wherein said precursor comprises a cyclic polysiloxane with three to ten silicon-oxygen repeating units.
- 29. The method recited in claim 28 wherein said precursor comprises 1,3,5,7,9-pentamethylcyclopentasiloxane.
- 30. The method recited in claim 26 wherein said precursor comprises a cyclic polysiloxane with three to five silicon-oxygen repeating units.
- 31. The method recited in claim 26 wherein said precursor comprises 1,3,5-trimethylcyclotrisiloxane.
- 32. The method recited in claim 26 wherein said precursor comprises 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
- 33. The method recited in claim 26 wherein said chain-stopping compound comprises a disiloxane represented by the formula:
- 34. The method recited in claim 33 wherein R1, R2, R3, R8, R9, and R10 are chosen from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl.
- 35. The method recited in claim 26 wherein said chain-stopping compound comprises hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDS).
- 36. The method recited in claim 26 wherein said ring opening polymerization comprises the act of adding a chain stopping compound in the presence of sulfuric acid.
- 37. The method recited in claim 26 wherein said ring opening polymerization comprises the act of adding hexamethyldisiloxane in the presence of sulfuric acid.
- 38. A method for synthesizing a polysiloxane electrolyte comprising the acts of:
providing a polyhydrosiloxane intermediary represented by the formula: 10wherein n=4 to 20 and at least R4, R5, R6, or R7 comprises hydrogen; mixing with a hydroxyl compound; adding a dehydrocoupling catalyst; flushing with inert gas; adding a solvent; heating the resulting mixture; stirring; drying in a vacuum; and doping with at least one lithium salt.
- 39. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said m=0.
- 40. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said R groups that are not hydrogen are methyl groups.
- 41. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said polyhydrosiloxane intermediary comprises a structure represented by the formula:
- 42. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said dehydrocoupling catalyst contains boron.
- 43. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said dehydrocoupling catalyst comprises tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron (B(C6F5)3).
- 44. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said dehydrocoupling catalyst is loaded as a percentage of the moles of Si—H groups present in the substrates.
- 45. The catalyst loading of claim 44 wherein said loading percentage is 0.01% to 10.00% on a per mole basis.
- 46. The catalyst loading of claim 44 wherein said loading percentage is 0.01% to 2.00% on a per mole basis.
- 47. The catalyst loading of claim 44 wherein said loading percentage is approximately equal to 0.05% on a per mole basis.
- 48. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said hydroxyl compound comprises a substituted methyl alcohol.
- 49. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said hydroxyl compound comprises a poly(ethylene glycol) ether.
- 50. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said hydroxyl compound comprises a poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether.
- 51. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said hydroxyl compound comprises tri(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether.
- 52. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said polyhydrosiloxane contains 4 to 20 siloxane repeating units.
- 53. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said inert gas is chosen from the group consisting of: argon, nitrogen, and mixtures thereof.
- 54. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said inert gas is anhydrous.
- 55. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said solvent is toluene.
- 56. The method recited in claim 38, wherein said solvent is benzene.
- 57. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said heating of said resulting mixture is to a range between 40 and 200° C.
- 58. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said heating of said resulting mixture is to about 70 to 75° C.
- 59. The method recited in claim 38 wherein said at least one lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of: LiN(SO2CF3)2 (LiTFSI), LiClO4, LiBF4, LiAsF6, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, Li(CF3SO2)2N, LiC(CF3SO2)3, LiN(SO2C2F5)2, bis(chelato) borate having five to seven membered rings, lithium alkyl fluorophosphates, and mixtures thereof.
- 60. A method for synthesizing poly(siloxane-g-3 ethylene oxide) (n˜8) comprising the acts of:
providing precursor 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclcotetrasiloxane (D4H); providing a chain stopping compound hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDS); performing a ring opening polymerization reaction; adding HMDS (in a 1:2 molar ratio) in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid; stirring; bringing mixture to room temperature; washing; dissolving in solvent; removing the solvent; mixing with an ethyleneglycol monomethyl ether, and adding a dehydrocoupling catalyst.
- 61. The method recited in claim 60 wherein said dehydrocoupling catalyst comprises tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron B(C6F5)3.
- 62. The method recited in claim 60 further comprising the act of doping with at least one alkali metal salt.
- 63. The method recited in claim 62 wherein said alkali metal salt comprises a lithium salt.
- 64. The method recited in claim 63 wherein at least one lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of: LiN(SO2CF3)2 (LiTFSI), LiClO4, LiBF4, LiAsF6, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, Li(CF3SO2)2N, LiC(CF3SO2)3, LiN(SO2C2F5)2, bis(chelato) borate having five to seven membered rings, lithium alkyl fluorophosphates, and mixtures thereof.
- 65. A nonaqueous electrolyte made by the process of claim 60.
- 66. An electrochemical storage device comprising said electrolyte recited in claim 65.
- 67. A medical device powered by at least one electrochemical storage device recited in claim 66.
Priority Claims (2)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
PCT/US03/02128 |
Jan 2003 |
WO |
|
PCT/US03/02127 |
Jan 2003 |
WO |
|
REFERENCE TO PRIOR FILED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to copending provisional application serial No. 60/451,065 entitled “Method for Fabricating Composite Electrodes” filed Feb. 26, 2003; and to copending provisional application serial No. 60/446,848 entitled “Polymer Electrolyte for Electrochemical Cell” filed Feb. 11, 2002; and to copending provisional application serial No. 60/443,892 entitled “Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolyte” filed Jan. 30, 2003; and to PCT/US03/02127 filed Jan. 22, 2003; and to PCT/US0302128 filed Jan. 22, 2003; and is a Continuation-in-Part of co-pending application Ser. No. 10/167,490 filed Jun. 12, 2002, which is a Continuation-in-Part of co-pending application Ser. No. 10/104,352, filed Mar. 22, 2002, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
GOVERNMENT LICENSE RIGHTS
[0002] This invention was made with United States Government support under NIST ATP Award No. 70NANB043022 awarded by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and NSF 9810623. The United States Government has certain rights in this invention pursuant to NIST ATP Award No. 70NANB043022 and pursuant to Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38 between the United States Government and the University of Chicago representing Argonne National Laboratory, and NIST 144 LM01, Subcontract No. AGT DTD Sep. 9, 2002, and NSF 9810623.
PCT Information
Filing Document |
Filing Date |
Country |
Kind |
PCT/US03/08740 |
3/20/2003 |
WO |
|
Provisional Applications (3)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60443892 |
Jan 2003 |
US |
|
60446848 |
Feb 2003 |
US |
|
60451065 |
Feb 2003 |
US |
Continuations (2)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
10104352 |
Mar 2002 |
US |
Child |
10487780 |
Feb 2004 |
US |
Parent |
10167940 |
Jun 2002 |
US |
Child |
10487780 |
Feb 2004 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
10104352 |
Mar 2002 |
US |
Child |
10167940 |
Jun 2002 |
US |