Claims
- 1. A process for preparing a nonlinear optical composition comprising applying an external field to the reaction product of:
- (I) at least one compound containing an average of more than one epoxide group per molecule; and
- (II) at least one curing agent for compound (A) whereby at least a portion of said curing agent (B) is represented by the formula: ##STR24## or by the formula: ##STR25## wherein A is a divalent electron-withdrawing group; Z is a conjugated electronic structure, R is independently a hydrogen, or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3; and X is a divalent or trivalent organic hydrocarbon, hetero-interrupted hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon radical, or ##STR26## with the proviso that there are no intervening methylene groups between A and Z, or between A and X; whereby the field applied to the reaction product is sufficient to induce a net orientation in moieties of the curing agent in the product.
- 2. The process of claim 1 wherein the curing agent is represented by the following formula: ##STR27## where A is a divalent electron-withdrawing group and each R independently is a hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms with the proviso that there are no methylene groups attached to A.
- 3. The process of claim 1 wherein the curing agent is represented by the following formula: ##STR28## where A is a divalent electron-withdrawing group; n is 2 or 3; each R is independently a hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; and X is a divalent or trivalent organic hydrocarbon, hetero-interrupted hydrocarbon, or substituted hydrocarbon radical, or ##STR29## with the proviso that there are no methylene groups between A and X, or between A and the phenyl group.
- 4. The process of claim 1, 2, or 3 wherein the divalent electron-withdrawing group is selected from the group consisting of ##STR30##
- 5. The process of claim 2 wherein A is SO.sub.2 and R is hydrogen.
- 6. The process of claim 2 wherein component (I) is a glycidyl ether of 4,4',4"-trihydroxyphenyl methane.
- 7. A process for preparing a non-linear optical material comprising substantially simultaneously
- (i) polymerizing a mixture of:
- (I) at least one compound containing an average of more than one epoxide group per molecule; and
- (II) at least one curing agent for compound (I) whereby at least a portion of said curing agent (II) is and represented by the formula: ##STR31## or by the formula: ##STR32## wherein A is a divalent electron-withdrawing group; Z is a conjugated electronic structure, R is independently a hydrogen, or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3; and X is a divalent or trivalent organic hydrocarbon, hetero-interrupted hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon radical, or ##STR33## with the proviso that there are no intervening methylene groups between A and Z, or between A and X; and
- (ii) applying an electric field to the mixture to form a material having nonlinear optical properties.
- 8. A process for preparing a non-linear optical material comprising substantially simultaneously
- (i) applying an electric field to the reaction product of:
- (I) at least one compound containing an average of more than one epoxide group per molecule, and
- (II) at least one curing agent for compound (I) whereby at least a portion of said curing agent (II) is and represented by the formula: ##STR34## or by the formula: or by the formula: ##STR35## wherein A is a divalent electron-withdrawing group; Z is a conjugated electronic structure, R is independently a hydrogen, or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3; and X is a divalent or trivalent organic hydrocarbon, hetero-interrupted hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon radical, or ##STR36## with the proviso that there are no intervening methylene groups between A and Z, or between A and X; and
- (ii) thermally annealing the reaction product for a period of time sufficient to form a material having nonlinear optical properties.
- 9. The process of claim 7 or 8, wherein component (I) is a glycidyl ether of a 4,4',4"-trihydroxyphenyl methane.
- 10. The process of claim 7 or 8 wherein the curing agent is represented by the formula ##STR37## wherein R and A are as previously defined.
- 11. The process of claim 7 or 8 wherein the curing agent is represented by the formula ##STR38## wherein X, A, R and n are as previously defined.
- 12. The process of claim 1, 7, or 8, wherein component (A) is an epoxy compound containing an average of more than one glycidyl group per molecule.
- 13. The process of claim 12 wherein the glycidyl ether is a glycidyl ether of bisphenol A.
- 14. The process of claim 12, wherein the curing agent includes a second curing agent.
- 15. The process of claim 12 including a catalyst.
- 16. The process of claim 10, wherein A is SO.sub.2 and R is hydrogen.
- 17. The process of claim 12, wherein component (I) is a glycidyl ether of 4,4',4"-trihydroxyphenyl methane.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 441,783, filed Nov. 27, 1989, now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (1)
Number |
Name |
Date |
Kind |
4921928 |
Tanino et al. |
May 1990 |
|
Foreign Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Date |
Country |
0363237 |
Apr 1990 |
EPX |
907844 |
Oct 1962 |
GBX |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
441783 |
Nov 1989 |
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