NOVEL METHODS OF GENERATING ANTIBODIES

Abstract
The invention describes a method of generating antibodies to a mixture of peptidogenic proteins wherein the peptidogenic protein has altered conformational dynamics as compared to a starting protein and wherein the peptidogenic protein has a similar conformation to the starting protein. The peptidogenic proteins can be used to induce an immune response, which can lead to the generation of antibodies and/or can be used to vaccinate a mammal.
Description
SEQUENCE LISTING

The instant application contains a Sequence Listing which has been submitted in ASCII format via EFS-Web and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Said ASCII copy, created on Aug. 16, 2016, is named Combined_SA_01_PCT_ST25_V2.txt and is 10,883,263 bytes in size.


INTRODUCTION

Methods for making antibodies have been around for over 100 years and are routinely used by the skilled artisan. See, for example, Morrison et al., Science 229:1202 (1985); Oi et al., BioTechniques 4:214 (1986); Cabilly et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,567; Taniguchi et al., EP 171496; Morrison et al., EP 173494; Neuberger et al., WO 8601533; Robinson et al., WO 8702671; Boulianne et al., Nature 312:643 (1984); Neuberger et al., Nature 314:268 (1985). Improved methods for generating antibodies have extended these initial methods and have been used to generate many of the therapeutic antibodies now being sold commercially. For example, technologies such as phage display and transgenic mice, that is, mice containing the human immunoglobulin genes, have been used to generate fully human antibodies. However, certain antigens continue to challenge a researcher's ability to raise antibodies even when using the most current techniques.


To induce a cell-mediated immune response within the human body, foreign proteins are broken down into smaller peptides, usually between 8-24 amino acids in length, and are bound to MHC molecules, for display on the surface of antigen presenting cells. The MHC-bound peptides are presented to T-cells to trigger a cell mediated immune response.


The three-dimensional (3D) structure of proteins has been implicated as a factor in proteolytic processing and presentation of epitopes (see, Carmicle et al., Molecular Immunology (2007) vol. 44: 1159-1168). Moreover, Ohkuri et al. (see, Okhuri et al., J. Immunol., (2010), vol. 185: 4199-4205) agreed that conformational stability of a protein is an immunologically dominant factor. However, there is no consensus regarding exactly how the 3D structure affects the immune response.


Delamarre et al. (see, Delamarre et al., JEM, (2006), vol 203: 2049-2055) found that less digestible forms of proteins that were less susceptible to digestion via lysosomal proteolysis were more immunogenic, and therefore, concluded that increasing protein stability improved the immune response. For example, Delamarre et al. showed that the immunogenicity of protein antigens can be improved by reducing susceptibility to proteolysis. Similarly, Mirano-Bascos et al. (see, Mirano-Bascos et al., J. of Virology, (2010), vol. 84: 3303-3311) mutated cysteine residues to prevent each of three disulfide bonds from forming, and determined that the CD4+ T-cell response was broadly reduced for all three variants. Mirano-Bascos et al. similarly concluded that global destabilization of the 3-D structure of a protein reduced antigenic presentation and led to a suppressed immune response. In other studies, such as for example, Nguyen et al., Vaccine, (2015), vol. 33: 2887-2896, outer domain disulfide bonds were deleted with the expectation that such deletions would improve antigenic presentation. Instead, a typical pattern of epitope dominance was observed and the authors concluded that it may not be possible to generate a substantially stronger immune response.


Other groups similarly conclude that protein stabilization is needed for an immune response. For example, Deressa et al., (see, Deressa et al., PLOS, (2014), vol. 9: 1-12) concluded that even minor modifications in the amino acid sequence of an antigen caused fundamental quantitative and qualitative changes in the immune response. Likewise, Porta et al. (see, Porta et al., PLOS, (2013), vol. 9: 1-8) reported that stability is needed for inducing an immune response. Other groups such as Thomas (see, Thomas et al., Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, (2013), vol. 9:744-752) similarly concluded that increasing thermal stability for peptides elicited a better immune response.


In contrast, other groups such as So (see, So et al., Immunology, (2001), vol. 104: 259-268) report conflicting results. So et al. investigated the effect of crosslinking (e.g., removing cross-links and adding crosslinks) on the magnitude of in vivo T-cell responses and found that removing such crosslinks led to better antigen processing and an improved immune response. Similarly, Thai et al., J. Biol. Chem. (2004) vol. 279: 50257-50266) reported mutating surface accessible residues to decrease stability and increase conformational dynamics to increase the immunogenicity of the protein antigen. Thai et al. is also directed towards administration of single antigens.


There is no consensus on whether removing or adding crosslinks improves or inhibits antigen processing. Accordingly, it is unclear in the art as to whether increasing or decreasing protein stability would lead to an improved immune response comprising a broad, diverse array of antibodies.


Thus, there continues to be a need to develop new and improved methods of generating antibodies which can provide a different and broader repertoire of antibodies than previously obtained.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject.


As described herein, the invention is directed towards a method of triggering an immune response wherein said method comprises designing a mixture of peptidogenic proteins derived from a starting protein, wherein the peptidogenic proteins have altered conformational dynamics as compared to the starting protein and wherein the peptidogenic proteins are similar in conformation to the starting protein, introducing the peptidogenic proteins to an animal and generating an immune response. The peptidogenic proteins can be introduced into the animals directly (by, for instance, inoculation or immunization) or can be expressed in vivo by polynucleotides that have been introduced into the animal and which encode the peptidogenic proteins. Upon expression of these peptidogenic proteins, the immune response is triggered to generate antibodies both to the peptidogenic proteins and to the original starting protein.


In preferred embodiments, the conformational dynamics of a starting protein are preferably altered by altering the thermodynamic stability of the starting protein. In further preferred embodiments, the conformational dynamics of the starting protein are altered by replacing at least one non-surface amino acid residue of a starting protein to modify the peptidogenicity of the protein. Methods of altering conformational dynamics include, but are not limited to, examining a model of the 3-D structure (experimental or predicted based on homology) of the starting protein, identifying non-surface amino acid residues of the starting protein and replacing at least one non-surface amino acid residue in the starting protein to generate the peptidogenic protein, and/or by comparing the pattern of conserved amino acid homology across proteins orthologous to the starting protein from different species to provisionally identify non-surface amino acid residues of the starting protein (e.g., conserved hydrophobic residues) and replacing at least one non-surface amino acid residue in the starting protein to generate the peptidogenic protein. Other methods of predicting or empirically discovering non-surface (i.e., buried) amino acid residues can also be used. These methods also include using bioinformatics tools that predict secondary structures and/or identify disordered regions of a starting protein to identify at least one non-surface amino acid residue within these structures or ordered regions for replacement, and replacing the at least one non-surface amino acid residue to generate the peptidogenic protein (see, e.g., Cheng et al., Nucleic Acids Res (2005) 33:W72-6; Huang et al. (2014), DisMeta: A Meta Server for Construct Design and Optimization In Chen editor, Structural Genomics, Humana Press pp. 3-16). In some embodiments, substitutions in disordered regions are avoided. For example, disorder predictors could be used to identify ordered/structured regions in order to select ordered regions in which to make mutations (Id.). Still other methods include using biochemical experiments to identify core residues, such as through alanine scanning of hydrophobic residues or comparable methods, to identify at least one non-surface amino acid residue within these structures or regions for replacement, and replacing the at least one non-surface amino acid residue to generate the peptidogenic protein. Accordingly, in some embodiments, residues for replacement can be identified based on known structures, and in other embodiments, residues for replacement can be identified based on conserved hydrophobic residues.


In preferred embodiments a non-surface amino acid residue is replaced with a smaller amino acid residue. In further preferred embodiments, the smaller amino acid is an alanine or glycine. In other preferred embodiments, at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 amino acids are replaced in the starting protein. In still other preferred embodiments, at least 10 amino acids, at least 20 amino acids, at least 30 amino acids, at least 40 amino acids, or at least 50 amino acids are replaced in the starting protein. In still other preferred embodiments, multiple amino acid replacements are distributed across a mixture of proteins. For example, in one embodiment, to mutate 10 different residues, the starting protein is mutated 10 different times to generate 10 different peptidogenic proteins, each with a single amino acid replacement. Each of the ten proteins are mixed together to inoculate the animal. In some cases, wild type starting protein, i.e. the protein with no mutations, is part of the mixture. In further preferred embodiments, at least one disulfide bond is eliminated in the starting protein, such as, for example, replacing the cysteines with alanines, serines, and/or glycines, etc. In further preferred embodiments, both cysteines involved in the formation of the at least one disulfide bond in the starting protein are replaced with alanines, serines, and/or glycines, or preferably with alanines or glycines, etc. In further preferred embodiments, the conformational dynamics of the starting protein is altered by replacing (a) at least one threonine with a valine, alanine, glycine or serine; or (b) at least one cysteine with alanine, valine, glycine, serine or threonine; or (c) at least one valine with alanine, glycine, leucine or isoleucine; or (d) at least one leucine with alanine, valine, glycine, or isoleucine; or (e) at least one isoleucine with alanine, valine, leucine, or glycine; or (f) at least one proline, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan with alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, or glycine; or (g) at least one aspartic acid or asparagine with glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (h) at least one glutamic acid or glutamine with aspartic acid, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (i) at least one lysine with arginine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, methionine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (j) at least one arginine with lysine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, methionine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (k) at least one histidine with lysine, arginine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, glutamine, asparagine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (l) at least one alanine with a glycine; or (m) at least one residue with a non-natural amino acid; and/or (n) any of the above combinations.


In still further preferred embodiments, the conformational dynamics of the starting protein is altered by replacing: (a) at least one tryptophan with tyrosine, phenylalanine, methionine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (b) at least one tyrosine with phenylalanine, methionine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (c) at least one phenylalanine with tyrosine, methionine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (d) at least one proline with methionine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, alanine, or glycine; or (e) at least one histidine with phenylalanine, tyrosine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine, glycine, lysine, arginine, serine, threonine, asparagine, or glutamine; or (f) at least one methionine with isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (g) at least one isoleucine with leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (h) at least one leucine with isoleucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (i) at least one valine with alanine, glycine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (j) at least one cysteine with alanine, valine, glycine, serine or threonine; or (k) at least one aspartic acid with glutamic acid, glutamine, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (l) at least one glutamic acid with aspartic acid, glutamine, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (m) at least one alanine with a glycine or proline; or (n) at least one serine with alanine or glycine; or (o) at least one glycine with alanine or proline; or (p) at least one lysine with arginine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, methionine, leucine or isoleucine; or (q) at least one asparagine with glycine, alanine, serine, threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamine, aspartic acid or glutamic acid; or (r) at least one glutamine with glycine, alanine, serine, threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, or histidine; or (s) at least one arginine with lysine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine valine, methionine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (t) at least one threonine with valine, alanine, glycine or serine; or (u) a hydrophobic residue with a smaller, similar hydrophobic residue; or (v) at least one residue with a non-natural amino acid; or (w) any of the above combinations. A combinatorial approach may be used to determine optimal substitutions to increase peptidogenicity.


In preferred embodiments, the change in conformational dynamics of the peptidogenic protein is measured by a change in melting temperature as compared to the starting protein and/or by measuring a change in Gibbs free energy of stabilization. Preferred methods of measuring Gibbs free energy include, but are not limited to, denaturant modulated equilibrium unfolding. Preferred denaturants are urea and/or guanidinium hydrochloride. Alternatively, changes in conformational dynamics can be assayed by detecting a change in a proteolytic sensitivity assay, such as, for example, by measuring digestion with cathepsins and/or other proteases and then analyzing the mixture by mass spectrometry (MS) or sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).


In preferred embodiments, determining whether peptidogenic proteins have a similar conformation to the starting protein can be measured by a cross-reacting antibody that binds to a 3D conformational epitope (often a discontinuous epitope) on both the peptidogenic proteins and the starting protein. Methods for measuring antibody binding include, but are not limited to an immunoprecipitation assay, surface plasma resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry, oblique-incidence reflective difference (OI-RD), western blots, radioimmunoassays, ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), “sandwich” immunoassays, gel diffusion precipitin reactions, immunodiffusion assays, agglutination assays, complement-fixation assays, immunoradiometric assays, fluorescent immunoassays, and/or protein A immunoassays.


In further preferred embodiments, a test for measuring cross-reactivity is by a binding assay. In further preferred embodiment, the antibody binding (including a cross-reacting antibody) to a peptidogenic protein has a dissociation constant (KD) of less than or equal to 10−9M, of less than or equal to 10−8M, less than or equal to 10−7M, and/or less than or equal to 10−6M.


In preferred embodiments, the starting protein is selected from an envelope glycoprotein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV gp120, HIV gp41, HIV gp160, an ebola antigen, a hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigen, a hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen, a Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) antigen, a Zika virus antigen, an influenza virus antigen, a viral antigen, a malaria antigen, a bacterial antigen, a parasitic antigen, an allergen, a venom, a toxin, or a tumor-associated antigen, a transmembrane domain protein, an ion channel protein, and/or a G-protein coupled receptor.


In further preferred embodiments, the tumor associated antigen is selected from MAGE-A1, MAGE-A2, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A5, MAGE-A6, MAGE-A7, MAGE-A8, MAGE-A9, MAGE-A10, MAGE-A11, MAGE-A12, GAGE-I, GAGE-2, GAGE-3, GAGE-4, GAGE-5, GAGE-6, GAGE-7, GAGE-8, BAGE-I, RAGE-1, LB33/MUM-1, PRAME, NAG, MAGE-Xp2 (MAGE-B2), MAGE-Xp3 (MAGE-B3), MAGE-Xp4 (MAGE-B4), MAGE-C1/CT7, MAGE-C2, NY-ESO-I, LAGE-I, SSX-I, SSX-2(HOM-MEL-40), SSX-3, SSX-4, SSX-5, SCP-I and XAGE, melanocyte differentiation antigens, p53, ras, CEA, MUC1, PMSA, PSA, tyrosinase, Melan-A, MART-1, gp100, gp75, alpha-actinin-4, Bcr-Abl fusion protein, Casp-8, beta-catenin, cdc27, cdk4, cdkn2a, coa-1, dek-can fusion protein, EF2, ETV6-AML1 fusion protein, LDLR-fucosyltransferaseAS fusion protein, HLA-A2, HLA-A11, hsp70-2, KIAAO205, Mart2, Mum-2, and 3, neo-PAP, myosin class I, OS-9, pml-RAR alpha fusion protein, PTPRK, K-ras, N-ras, Triosephosphate isomerase, GnTV, Herv-K-mel, NA-88, SP17, and TRP2-Int2, (MART-I), E2A-PRL, H4-RET, IGH-IGK, MYL-RAR, Epstein Barr virus antigens, EBNA, human papillomavirus (HPV) antigens E6 and E7, TSP-180, MAGE-4, MAGE-5, MAGE-6, p185erbB2, p180erbB-3, c-met, nm-23H1, PSA, TAG-72-4, CA 19-9, CA 72-4, CAM 17.1, NuMa, K-ras, alpha-fetoprotein, 13HCG, BCA225, BTAA, CA 125, CA 15-3 (CA 27.29\BCAA), CA 195, CA 242, CA-50, CAM43, CD68\KP1, CO-029, FGF-5, G250, Ga733 (EpCAM), HTgp-175, M344, MA-50, MG7-Ag, MOV18, NB\170K, NY-CO-1, RCAS1, SDCCAG16, TA-90 (Mac-2 binding protein\cyclophilin C-associated protein), TAAL6, TAG72, TLP, TPS, tyrosinase related proteins, TRP-1, TRP-2, and cytomegalovirus phosphoprotein 65 (pp65).


In another preferred embodiment, the peptidogenic protein is a protein that is part of a complex. For example, buried interfacial residues may be targeted for amino acid substitution, in e.g., proteins such as gp120, which is an envelope glycoprotein that forms a trimeric complex and is involved in HIV infection.


In a preferred embodiment, the mixture of polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins can be synthesized in vitro. The polynucleotides can also preferably comprise either DNA or mRNA. In preferred embodiments, the polynucleotides are in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA. The mRNA, including the IVT mRNA, can further comprise a poly(A) tail and/or a 5′ cap. In another preferred embodiment, the mRNA can be translated in vitro to produce the peptidogenic proteins, including by use of coupled in vitro transcription/translation (IVTT).


The mixture of polynucleotides can comprise sequences encoding different peptidogenic proteins derived from either the same starting protein or from multiple starting proteins. In further preferred embodiments, the polynucleotides can be associated with a targeting component that targets the polynucleotides to a cell or organ. Alternatively, the polynucleotides can be unassociated with a targeting component. The polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins may also comprise a vector sequence.


Mixtures of these polynucleotides as well as animals (genetically modified or not genetically modified) expressing mixtures of polynucleotides are also contemplated. In preferred embodiments, the animal is a mammal and in further preferred embodiments, the mammal is a human, a mouse, a rabbit, a llama, or a cow.


In further preferred embodiments, the method induces an immune response. The immune response can occur in vivo, ex vivo and/or in vitro.


The polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, including, but not limited to mixtures of polynucleotides, can be delivered to the animal by injection. In preferred embodiments, the injection occurs in the muscle of the animal. The delivery of the polynucleotides to the animal can be used for vaccination purposes, in research, or antibody development.


In further preferred embodiments, the antibody produced by the described methods is recovered and isolated. In preferred embodiments, the antibody is a fully human antibody, a chimeric antibody, a single-chain antibody, a camelid antibody, a humanized antibody, a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody. In preferred embodiments, the polyclonal antibody is further fractionated into single, isolated antibody species. In other preferred embodiments, the produced antibody is affinity matured, such as, for example, by phage display, yeast display, ribosome display or by a panning technique.


Also contemplated are polynucleotides that encode the antibodies produced by the methods described herein. These antibody encoding polynucleotides can also comprise a heterologous promoter and/or a vector sequence.


The peptidogenic proteins and/or the mixtures of polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins can also be used to vaccinate a mammal. In preferred embodiments, the vaccine is a cancer vaccine, an HIV vaccine, an HCV vaccine, an HBV vaccine, an influenza virus vaccine, a MERS-CoV vaccine, a Zika vaccine, a malaria vaccine, and/or an ebola virus vaccine comprising the peptidogenic proteins.


In further preferred embodiments, the invention is a method of processing a peptidogenic protein wherein the method comprises introducing to an antigen presenting cell a peptidogenic protein, wherein the peptidogenic protein has altered conformational dynamics as compared to a starting protein and wherein the peptidogenic protein has a similar conformation to the starting protein; and permitting the antigen presenting cell to process and display T cell epitopes derived from the peptidogenic protein.


In preferred embodiments, the antigen presenting cell is a dendritic cell, a B cell, a monocyte or a macrophage. In further preferred embodiments, the method is carried out in vitro or ex vivo. In further preferred embodiments, the antigen presenting cell is transfected with a polynucleotide encoding the peptidogenic protein(s) and/or placed in contact with the peptidogenic protein(s). In further preferred embodiments the antigen presenting cell undergoes phagocytosis or pinocytosis of the peptidogenic protein(s) or polynucleotide(s).







DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Overview

We describe herein a novel method of generating an immune response, including enhancing the generation of antibodies by using a protein's “peptidogenic potential” via altering the conformational dynamics of a starting protein while maintaining that protein's 3-D conformation. These peptidogenic proteins can then be used to mount an immune response, used as a vaccine and/or to generate antibodies.


Thus, the invention is directed to a method of triggering an immune response wherein said method comprises designing a mixture of peptidogenic proteins derived from a starting protein, wherein the peptidogenic proteins have altered conformational dynamics as compared to the starting protein and wherein the peptidogenic proteins are similar in conformation to the starting protein, introducing the peptidogenic proteins to an animal and generating an immune response. The peptidogenic proteins can be introduced into the animals directly (by, for instance, inoculation or immunization) or can be expressed in vivo by polynucleotides that have been introduced into the animal and which encode the peptidogenic proteins. Upon expression of these peptidogenic proteins, the immune response is triggered to generate antibodies preferably to both the peptidogenic proteins and to the original starting protein.


Introduction of the polynucleotides can occur, for example, by either directly or after first performing ex vivo transfection of dendritic cells. Additionally, polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins can be generated and introduced into an animal. The peptidogenic proteins can then be produced in the animal to generate antibodies to the peptidogenic proteins. The methods described herein have the potential to profoundly impact the immunogenicity of proteins. Preferred biophysical and biochemical properties that are altered in the protein, include, but are not limited to conformational dynamics of a protein, the thermodynamic stability, MHC-II binding, and/or the protease susceptibility of the starting protein. The methods described herein can also be used to simultaneously produce cross-reacting antibodies to different peptidogenic proteins (either derived from the same or different starting proteins) which has the potential to profoundly change the way in which antibodies are currently being generated as the repertoire of antibodies that can be obtained by a single injection in an animal has the potential to streamline antibody development and vaccination efficacy.


We have recognized that the conformational dynamics of a protein are critical for the ability of the protein to mount an immune response. The propensity of an antigen to efficiently yield peptide fragments in vivo after immunization we have termed “peptidogenicity.” Having the ability to alter the conformational dynamics of a starting protein to design a mixture of peptidogenic proteins which can be administered directly as a protein mixture or simultaneously expressed in an animal by a mixture of polynucleotides has the potential to generate a broad repertoire of antibodies with a single injection in a cost effective manner.


Thus, as disclosed herein, immunizing an animal with a mixture of peptidogenic proteins can robustly stimulate the immune system, generating stronger and/or better immune responses when placed in contact with an antigen presenting cell.


The immunization with a mixture (or combinatorial cocktail) of peptidogenic proteins is advantageous due to the complexity of the proteolytic attack on the protein antigen(s) that produces the peptides. For example, providing multiple different peptidogenic proteins having different amino acid sequences creates an environment where the “tuning mutation(s)” optimal for the production of a given peptide (T cell epitope) in the right time frame may be different from the mutations optimal for production of another peptide. For example, some cells, such as dendritic cells, mediate T-cell responses during an activation phase. If these cells are presented with antigens outside of this activation window (e.g., before or after activation) then a T-cell response may not be triggered. Thus, T-cells need to be presented with antigens at the appropriate time, which is governed by rates of protein degradation (e.g., proteolysis) in the antigen presenting cell, to trigger an immune response. By giving the antigens as mixtures, a multiplicity of different peptidogenic proteins can be endocytosed by a single cell, which theoretically maximizes the diversity of the peptides produced and displayed by that cell. Alternatively, by giving the antigens as mixtures, a multiplicity of different peptidogenic proteins can be endocytosed by multiple cells, which theoretically maximizes the diversity of the peptides produced and displayed by these cells. Additionally, the peptidogenic proteins having increased conformational dynamics may lead to an improved MHC class II binding which is expected to maximize the immune response. For example, for proteins that are relatively non-immunogenic and/or are not good vaccine components because of being too stable, and thus protease degradation is inhibited and subsequent peptide presentation is thereby impoverished resulting in attenuation of the immune response in adaptive immunity, such proteins could be altered as described herein to generate a mixture of peptidogenic proteins with altered conformational dynamics while maintaining a similar conformation as compared to the starting protein.


In preferred embodiments, a starting protein, also referred to as a test starting protein, can be systematically mutated to alter the thermodynamic stability of the starting protein, without significantly altering the three-dimensional structure of the corresponding folded protein, to generate peptidogenic proteins having increased peptidogenicity while displaying essentially the same 3D (conformational) surface epitopes as the starting protein.


Thus, increasing the immunogenicity of a starting protein by altering its conformational dynamics to produce numerous peptidogenic proteins which can then be simultaneously introduced into an animal will generate a robust immune response and has the potential to raise a broader repertoire of polyclonal antibodies which can be further fractionated (for example, by molecularly cloning via their respective encoding mRNAs) into single isolated species.


Definitions

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, such as in the arts of peptide chemistry, cell culture and phage display, nucleic acid chemistry and biochemistry. Standard techniques are used for molecular biology, genetic and biochemical methods (see Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd ed., 2001, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.; Ausubel et al., Short Protocols in Molecular Biology (1999) 4th ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc.), which are incorporated herein by reference.


As used herein, “peptidogenicity” refers to the propensity of a protein to efficiently yield a robust set of diverse peptides which can be used to yield an immune response. Various assays exist for measuring peptidogenicity (see, for example, So et al., FIGS. 2c-d; Thai et al., FIG. 7c-f; and Delamarre et al., FIGS. 1b-c, 4b-c and 5a-b).


As used herein, a “peptidogenic protein” refers to a mutated protein that has been modified in its amino acid sequence to alter its conformational dynamics as compared to the starting protein sequence while maintaining a similar conformation to the starting protein.


As used herein, “non-surface residues” are residues that are not surface accessible with regard to the 3D structure of a protein, e.g., residues that are buried within the interior of the 3D structure of the native protein. In preferred embodiments, “non-surface” residues are defined by the method of Lee and Richards (see, e.g., Lee B et al., J. Mol. Biol. (1971); 55(3):379-IN4. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2836(71)90324-X.), where the relative solvent accessibility of the residue in the native protein is less than 50%, less than 40%, less than 30%, less than 25%, less than 20%, less than 10%, less than 5%, or 0%, or by the same method where the difference between the absolute solvent accessible surface area and the surface area in the fully extended Ala-X-Ala tripeptide (see, e.g., Gready J E et al., Protein Science. (1997); 6(5):983-98. doi: 10.1002/pro.5560060504.) is greater than 40 Å2, greater than 50 Å2, greater than 60 Å2, greater than 70 Å2, greater than 80 Å2, greater than 90 Å2, greater than 100 Å2, greater than 110 Å2, or greater than 120 Å2. In further preferred embodiments, “non-surface” residues are defined as residues with a solvent accessible surface area of less than 10 Å2, less than 5 Å2, less than 2.5 Å2, or less than 1 Å2, as calculated by a structural analysis software package familiar to those skilled in the art (e.g. UCSF Chimera (see, e.g., Pettersen E F et al., J. Comput. Chem. (2004); 25(13):1605-12. Epub 2004 Jul. 21.), PyMol (see, e.g., Schrodinger, LLC. The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System, Version 1.8. 2015.), etc.


As used herein, a “starting protein” or “test starting protein” refers to the amino acid sequence of the “original” or “reference” protein that is used to derive the peptidogenic protein. In some examples, the “starting protein” can be a peptidogenic protein that has been further modified.


As used herein, an “immune response” refers to the humoral immune response and/or the cell-mediated immune response that is triggered by an antigen presenting cell after processing a protein. In the humoral immune response, B lymphocytes produce antibodies that react with native, unprocessed antigens. These antigen-antibody reactions may in some cases involve cell-surface antigens that activate the complement cascade, which causes the lysis of cells bearing those antigens. In the cell-mediated immune response, T lymphocytes mobilize macrophages in the presence of processed peptide antigens recognized as foreign. Activated T lymphocytes can also attack cells bearing foreign antigens directly.


As used herein, an “antigen presenting cell” refers to a cell that can break down (“process”) a protein into peptides and present the peptides, in conjunction with the MHC allele, preferably major HLA complex class I or class II molecules, on the cell surface. Examples of antigen presenting cells include, but are not limited to dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells, and monocytes.


As used herein, “conformational dynamics” is defined as the phenomena related conformational changes and flexibility of a protein structure in the spatial arrangement of atoms or groups of atoms with respect to each other in a protein molecule. Conformational dynamics include “breathing” motions and involve the vibration, bending, twisting, rotation, and other allowed modes of movement of the atoms joined by the covalent bonds in the protein molecule, governed by intrinsic restoring forces but modulated by non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and electrostatic interactions. These motions can subtly change the geometry of the protein on a sub-picosecond timescale and can result in a vast diversity of conformational states on a time-scale of microseconds to milliseconds. Conformational molecular dynamics of proteins is often studied using computer simulations. See, for example, Shaw et al (2010) Science 330, 341. Also as used herein, the conformational dynamics of a starting protein can be altered by chemical modifications, amino acid substitutions, and other mutations such as deletions, insertion, truncations, or any combination thereof, etc. By stating that the conformational dynamics of the peptidogenic protein is varied with regard to the wild type protein, it is meant that the one or more amino acid substitutions of the peptidogenic protein results in altered conformational dynamics as compared to the wild type protein.


As used herein, “thermodynamic stability” is defined in terms of a chemical system where no or minimal energy is either released or consumed, and thus no or minimal changes in thermal energy are present and the system is in its lowest energy state under a given set of experimental conditions. Also as used herein, a “decrease in thermodynamic stability” or “decreased thermodynamic stability” means that the parameters pertaining to thermodynamic stability of the peptidogenic protein are attenuated as compared to those of the starting protein measured under the same conditions, and this decrease can be achieved in the peptidogenic protein by, but not limited to, alterations to the molecular structure of the starting protein via chemical modifications, amino acid substitutions, and other genetic mutations. Methods of measuring a decrease in thermodynamic stability are known in the art and described herein, and include protocols incorporating the measurement of parameters such as melting temperature and urea- or guanidinium hydrochloride-induced equilibrium unfolding (denaturation). These parameters are typically arrived at by monitoring the protein unfolding reaction as a function temperature or denaturant concentration under conditions of equilibrium or quasi-equilibrium. Methods for monitoring the unfolding reaction by measuring the concentration of the unfolded state relative to that of the folded state include, but are not limited to, UV absorption, fluorescence, and circular dichroism. This approach allows the calculation of a stabilization free energy (Gibbs free energy) of the mutant protein relative to the stabilization free energy of the starting protein measured under the same conditions. The difference in free energy is typically denoted by ΔΔG=ΔGmutant−ΔGstandard(e.g., wt), where ΔGmutant and ΔGstandard(e.g., wt) are the stabilization free energies of the mutant and “standard” (e.g., wt or wild type) proteins, respectively, and MG is the difference. ΔΔG>0 indicates a mutant protein that is less stable than the standard protein, and ΔΔG<0 indicates a mutant protein that is more stable than the standard protein.


As used herein, a peptidogenic protein has a “similar conformation” to a starting protein if the 3-D structure is sufficiently maintained after mutating non-surface residues of the protein (and, consequently, potentially modifying its overall conformational dynamics) to allow for an antibody to cross react with both the peptidogenic protein and the starting protein. “Cross-reactivity” can be measured by a binding assay as described herein or as is well known in the art and is measured as a “binding affinity” which is based on dissociation constants (KD), off rates (koff), and/or on rates (kon). The peptidogenic protein does not need to have an identical 3-D structure as the starting protein; just a sufficiently similar structure displaying similar 3D conformational epitopes (including discontinuous epitopes), that will allow for an antibody to recognize both proteins, even though the binding affinities may be nonidentical.


In the present invention, the term “antibody,” refers to immunoglobulin molecules and immunologically active portions of immunoglobulin molecules, i.e., molecules that contain an antigen binding site that immunospecifically binds the peptidogenic protein and/or the starting protein. As such, the term antibody encompasses not only whole antibody molecules, but also antibody fragments as well as variants (including derivatives such as fusion proteins) of antibodies and antibody fragments. Examples of molecules which are described by the term “antibody” in this application include, but are not limited to: single chain Fvs (scFvs), Fab fragments, Fab′ fragments, F(ab′)2, disulfide linked Fvs (sdFvs), Fvs, and fragments comprising or alternatively consisting of, either a VL or a VH domain. The term “single chain Fv” or “scFv” as used herein refers to a polypeptide comprising a VL domain of an antibody linked to a VH domain of an antibody. See Carter (2006) Nature Rev. Immunol. 6:243.


Additionally, antibodies of the invention include, but are not limited to, monoclonal, multi-specific, bi-specific, human, humanized, mouse, or chimeric antibodies, single chain antibodies, camelid antibodies, Fab fragments, F(ab′) fragments, anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) antibodies (including, e.g., anti-Id antibodies to antibodies of the invention), domain antibodies and epitope-binding fragments of any of the above. The immunoglobulin molecules of the invention can be of any type (e.g., IgG, IgE, IgM, IgD, IgA and IgY), class (e.g., IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1 and IgA2) or subclass of immunoglobulin molecule.


Most preferably, the antibodies are human antibodies. As used herein, “human” antibodies include antibodies having the amino acid sequence of a human immunoglobulin and include antibodies isolated from human immunoglobulin libraries and xenomice or other organisms that have been genetically engineered to produce human antibodies. For a detailed discussion of a few of the technologies for producing human antibodies and human monoclonal antibodies and protocols for producing such antibodies, see, e.g., PCT publications WO 98/24893; WO 92/01047; WO 96/34096; WO 96/33735; European Patent No. 0 598 877; U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,413,923; 5,625,126; 5,633,425; 5,569,825; 5,661,016; 5,545,806; 5,814,318; 5,885,793; 5,916,771; and 5,939,598; and Lonberg and Huszar, Int. Rev. Immunol. 13:65-93 (1995).


Human antibodies or “humanized” chimeric monoclonal antibodies can be produced using techniques described herein or otherwise known in the art. For example, methods for producing chimeric antibodies are known in the art. See, for review the following references: Morrison, Science 229:1202 (1985); Oi et al., BioTechniques 4:214 (1986); Cabilly et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,567; Taniguchi et al., EP 171496; Morrison et al., EP 173494; Neuberger et al., WO 8601533; Robinson et al., WO 8702671; Boulianne et al., Nature 312:643 (1984); Neuberger et al., Nature 314:268 (1985).


The antibodies of the present invention may be monovalent, bivalent, trivalent or multivalent. For example, monovalent scFvs can be multimerized either chemically or by association with another protein or substance. A scFv that is fused to a hexahistidine tag or a Flag tag can be multimerized using Ni-NTA agarose (Qiagen) or using anti-Flag antibodies (Stratagene, Inc.).


The antibodies of the present invention may be monospecific, bispecific, trispecific or of greater multispecificity. Multispecific antibodies may be specific for the peptidogenic protein, for more than one peptidogenic protein, for the starting protein, or they may be specific for both the peptidogenic protein and/or the starting protein and a heterologous epitope, such as a heterologous polypeptide or solid support material. See, e.g., PCT publications WO 93/17715; WO 92/08802; WO 91/00360; WO 92/05793; Tutt, et al., J. Immunol. 147:60-69 (1991); U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,474,893; 4,714,681; 4,925,648; 5,573,920; 5,601,819; Kostelny et. al., J. Immunol. 148:1547-1553 (1992).


The term “fragment” as used herein refers to a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence of at least 5 amino acid residues, at least 10 amino acid residues, at least 15 amino acid residues, at least 20 amino acid residues, at least 25 amino acid residues, at least 30 amino acid residues, at least 35 amino acid residues, at least 40 amino acid residues, at least 45 amino acid residues, at least 50 amino acid residues, at least 60 amino residues, at least 70 amino acid residues, at least 80 amino acid residues, at least 90 amino acid residues, at least 100 amino acid residues, at least 125 amino acid residues, at least 150 amino acid residues, at least 175 amino acid residues, at least 200 amino acid residues, or at least 250 amino acid residues, of the amino acid sequence of the peptidogenic protein or starting protein. In some embodiments, a fragment may also refer to a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence of about 8 to 24 amino acid residues, or about 5 to 30 amino acid residues.


The term “fusion protein” as used herein refers to a polypeptide that comprises, or alternatively consists of, an amino acid sequence of the peptidogenic protein, the starting protein, and/or the antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein and an amino acid sequence of one or more heterologous peptides and/or polypeptides. For vaccine applications, the heterologous polypeptide sequence fused to the peptidogenic protein is preferably from a viral protein.


The term “host cell” as used herein refers to the particular subject cell transfected with a nucleic acid molecule and the progeny or potential progeny of such a cell. Progeny may not be identical to the parent cell transfected with the nucleic acid molecule due to mutations or environmental influences or developmental steps that may occur in succeeding generations or integration of the nucleic acid molecule into the host cell genome.


A “conservative amino acid substitution” is one in which the amino acid residue is replaced with an amino acid residue having a side chain with a similar chemical nature (e.g., size, charge, steric features [e.g., beta-branched vs. non-beta-branched], polarity [hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic], aromatic vs. non-aromatic, etc.). Whether or not a particular substitution is deemed “conservative” may also depend on the structural context in the folded protein in which a substitution occurs. Amino acid side chains may be chemically similar in one respect but chemically dissimilar in another, and the context may determine which of these properties dominates in terms of how “conservative” (i.e., least disruptive) that particular substitution is. Families of amino acid residues having chemically similar side chains have been defined in the art. These families include amino acids with basic side chains (e.g., lysine, arginine), acidic side chains (e.g., aspartic acid, glutamic acid), uncharged polar side chains (e.g., asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine), nonpolar side chains (e.g., glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan), beta-branched side chains (e.g., threonine, valine, isoleucine) and aromatic side chains (e.g., tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, histidine). Some side chains have a hybrid character that is pH-dependent in physiologically relevant pH ranges. For example, histidine (pKa˜6) becomes more positively-charged (basic) below pH 6, and polar but substantially uncharged at pH 7.5 and above. Cysteine (pKa˜8.5) is substantially uncharged (and not particularly polar) below pH 8, but negatively charged (and acidic) at pH 9. The tyrosine phenolic side chain is also partially ionized and negatively charged at higher pH. Moreover, the local electrostatic environment (context) of the rest of the protein can shift these effective pH values substantially. Moreover, an acidic protein cysteine thiolate side chain can react, via thiol-disulfide exchange involving an intermediary disulfide-containing compound such as oxidized glutathione, with another protein cysteine thiol to form an intramolecular disulfide bond; such bonds are highly hydrophobic (non-polar). Additionally, both naturally occurring and/or non-naturally occurring amino acids can be used in the peptidogenic proteins.


Mutations can be introduced in a site-directed fashion or randomly along all or part of the coding sequence. Libraries of mutants can be designed to introduce a single amino acid substitution, two amino acid substitutions, three amino acid substitutions, four amino acid substitutions, and so forth, up to nineteen amino acid substitutions at a given residue site. In still other embodiments, libraries of mutants can be designed to introduce more than nineteen amino acid substitutions (including natural and non-natural amino acids) at a given residue site. In addition, libraries can be combinatorially designed to simultaneously produce multiple mutations at two sites, three sites, four sites, and so on. Following mutagenesis, the encoded protein may routinely be expressed and the conformational dynamics of the encoded protein and/or peptidogenicity can be determined using techniques described herein or by routinely modifying techniques known in the art. The resultant mutant proteins can be screened and evaluated for altered thermodynamic stability or for peptidogenicity or for similar conformation to the starting protein. Alternatively, the expressed protein “output” from the designed library can be used to immunize an animal without prior screening for protein properties.


As used herein, the “patient” or “subject suitable for treatment” may be a mammal, such as a rodent (e.g. a guinea pig, a hamster, a rat, a mouse), murine (e.g. a mouse), canine (e.g. a dog), feline (e.g. a cat), equine (e.g. a horse), a primate, simian (e.g. a monkey or ape), a monkey (e.g. marmoset, baboon, rhesus macaque), an ape (e.g. gorilla, chimpanzee, orangutan, gibbon), or a human. In other embodiments, non-human mammals, especially mammals that are conventionally used as models for demonstrating therapeutic efficacy in humans (e.g. murine, primate, porcine, canine, camels, llamas, or rabbits) may be employed.


Other aspects and embodiments of the invention provide the aspects and embodiments described herein with the term “comprising” replaced by the term “consisting of” and the aspects and embodiments described above with the term “comprising” replaced by the term “consisting essentially of”.


As used herein, “and/or” is to be taken as specific disclosure of each of the two or more specified features or components with or without the others. For example “A, B and/or C” is to be taken as specific disclosure of each (i) A, (ii) B, (iii) C, (iv) A and B, (v) A and C, (vi) B and C and (vii) A and B and C, just as if each is set out individually.


Methods of Altering the Conformational Dynamics of a Protein

A peptidogenic protein can be generated using standard molecular biology mutagenesis techniques well known in the art. For example, the peptidogenic protein can be generated by random mutagenesis as is well known in the art, such as, for example, by error-prone PCR, random nucleotide insertion or deletion or other methods prior to recombination.


To generate the peptidogenic protein, protein engineering may be employed. Recombinant DNA technology known to those skilled in the art can be used to create peptidogenic proteins including single or multiple amino acid substitutions, deletions, insertions, or fusion proteins. Such peptidogenic proteins may be screened for those that have altered conformational dynamics while maintaining a similar conformation to the starting protein as described herein.


For example, to increase the conformational dynamics of the peptidogenic protein, the following table, Table 1, shows the average change in Gibbs free energy for exemplary amino acid substitutions in a range of proteins, derived from Tables 1 and 2 of Loladze et al., J. Mol. Biol. 320, 343-357 (2002) [note: this paper uses a non-standard convention when expressing Gibbs free energies between mutant and wild type proteins, namely using negative values to indicate destabilization (ΔΔG=ΔG(mutant)−ΔG(WT)); the standard convention is that positive changes indicate destabilization (ΔΔG=ΔG(WT)−ΔG(mutant), see paragraph 0040 above)]. For example, Val and Leu (and the other larger non-polar amino acid residues) can be substituted with smaller ones such as Ala, Thr, Asn, and/or Gly. In addition, the buried site of Glu in the native protein structure, can be substituted with Leu, Val, Asn, Thr, Ser, Ala, and/or Gly. The types of single site amino acid substitutions shown generally have little impact on the overall conformation of the starting protein.










TABLE 1





Amino Acid Substitution
Average Gibbs Free Energy difference


(multiple positions in
between mutant and wild type at core


various proteins)
residues within a protein ΔΔG (kJ/mol)







Val −> Ala
−12.1(±3.3)


Val −> Thr
−11.3(±3.7)


Val −> Asn
−21.5(±1.0)


Leu −> Ala
−14.2(±4.2)









Another illustrative paper describing destabilizing mutations in the core of a protein that increase conformational dynamics is Kim et al (1993) Protein Sci. 2:588-596. In this work, the authors show that the mutations Phe22->Ala (2.1 kcal/mol), Tyr23->Ala (7.0 kcal/mol), Tyr35->Gly (5.7 kcal/mol), Asn43->Gly (6.0 kcal/mol), and Phe45->Ala (7.2 kcal/mol) destabilize bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) at pH 3.5 by the respective amounts shown in parentheses, without seriously disrupting the overall 3D structure of BPTI.


In addition, genetic deletions, insertions, inversions, repeats, and type substitutions selected according to general rules known in the art should have little effect on activity. For example, guidance concerning how to make phenotypically silent amino acid substitutions is provided in Bowie, J. U. et at., “Deciphering the Message in Protein Sequences: Tolerance to Amino Acid Substitutions,” Science 247:1306-1310 (1990), wherein the authors indicate that there are two main approaches for studying the tolerance of an amino acid sequence to change. The first method relies on the process of evolution, in which mutations are either accepted or rejected by natural selection. The second approach uses genetic engineering to introduce amino acid changes at specific positions of a cloned gene and selections or screens to identify sequences that maintain functionality.


As the authors state, these studies have revealed that proteins are surprisingly tolerant of amino acid substitutions. The authors further indicate which amino acid changes are likely to be permissive at a certain position of the protein. For example, most buried amino acid residues require nonpolar side chains, whereas few features of surface side chains are generally conserved. Other such phenotypically silent substitutions are described in Bowie, J. U. et al., supra, and the references cited therein. Typically seen as conservative substitutions are the replacements, one for another, among the aliphatic amino acids Ala, Val, Leu and Ile; interchange of the hydroxyl-bearing residues, Ser and Thr; exchange of the acidic residues, Asp and Glu; substitution between the sidechain amide-bearing residues, Asn and Gln; exchange of the basic amino acids, Lys and Arg; and replacements among the aromatic residues, Phe and Tyr.


In preferred embodiments, the conformational dynamics of the starting protein is altered by replacing: (a) at least one threonine with a valine, alanine, glycine or serine; or (b) at least one cysteine with alanine, valine, glycine, serine or threonine; or (c) at least one valine with alanine, glycine, leucine or isoleucine; or (d) at least one leucine with alanine, valine, glycine, or isoleucine; or (e) at least one isoleucine with alanine, valine, isoleucine, or glycine; or (f) at least one proline, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan with alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, or glycine; or (g) at least one aspartic acid with glutamic acid, glutamine, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine; or (h) at least one glutamic acid with aspartic acid, glutamine, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (i) at least one lysine with arginine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (j) at least one arginine with lysine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (k) at least one histidine with lysine, arginine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, or glutamine; or (l) at least one alanine with a glycine or proline; or (m) at least one asparagine with a glycine, alanine, serine, threonine, glutamine, aspartic acid, or glutamic acid; or (n) at least one glutamine with a glycine, alanine, serine, threonine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, or histidine; or (o) at least one glycine with an alanine or proline; or (p) at least one residue with a non-natural amino acid; or (q) any combination of (a)-(p). In still further preferred embodiments, the conformational dynamics of the starting protein is altered by replacing: (a) at least one tryptophan with tyrosine, phenylalanine, methionine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (b) at least one tyrosine with phenylalanine, methionine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (c) at least one phenylalanine with tyrosine, methionine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (d) at least one proline with methionine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, alanine, or glycine; or (e) at least one histidine with phenylalanine, tyrosine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine, glycine, lysine, arginine, serine, threonine, asparagine, or glutamine; or (f) at least one methionine with isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (g) at least one isoleucine with leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (h) at least one leucine with isoleucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (i) at least one valine with alanine, glycine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (j) at least one cysteine with alanine, valine, glycine, serine or threonine; or (k) at least one aspartic acid with glutamic acid, glutamine, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (l) at least one glutamic acid with aspartic acid, glutamine, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (m) at least one alanine with a glycine or proline; or (n) at least one serine with alanine or glycine; or (o) at least one glycine with alanine or proline; or (p) at least one lysine with arginine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, methionine, leucine or isoleucine; or (q) at least one asparagine with glycine, alanine, serine, threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamine, aspartic acid or glutamic acid; or (r) at least one glutamine with glycine, alanine, serine, threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, or histidine; or (s) at least one arginine with lysine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine valine, methionine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (t) at least one threonine with valine, alanine, glycine or serine; or (u) a hydrophobic residue with a smaller, similar hydrophobic residue; or (v) at least one residue with a non-natural amino acid; or (w) any of the above combinations. In some embodiments, hydrophobic resides are targeted for replacement.


Amino acids in the starting protein that are essential for function, conformation, and/or structure and positioned on the protein surface vs. internal can be identified by methods known in the art, such as site-directed mutagenesis or alanine-scanning mutagenesis (Cunningham and Wells, Science 244: 1081-1085 (1989)). The latter procedure introduces single alanine mutations at every residue in the molecule. The resulting mutant molecules are then tested for those having altered conformational dynamics while maintaining a similar conformation to the starting protein.


In an additional embodiment, the amino acid sequence of the starting protein has one or more amino acids (for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 30 or 50 amino acids) replaced with the substituted amino acids as described above (either conservative or non-conservative substitutions) to produce the peptidogenic protein. For example, substitutions in positions not involving a starting protein's activity and/or internal to the protein structure can be readily made. Sites that are critical for ligand-receptor binding can also be determined by structural analysis such as crystallization, nuclear magnetic resonance or photoaffinity labeling (Smith et al., J. Mol. Biol. 224:899-904 (1992); and de Vos et al. Science 255:306-312 (1992)).


Recombinant DNA technology that employs combinatorial mutagenesis and synthetic DNA synthesis approaches known to those skilled in the art can also be used to create a peptidogenic protein including single or multiple amino acid substitutions, deletions, additions or fusion proteins. Such modified polypeptides may be then screened for altered conformational dynamics while maintaining a similar conformation as the starting protein.


Thus, a peptidogenic protein can be made where one or more amino acid residues are deleted, added, or substituted to generate peptidogenic proteins having altered conformation dynamics. For example, residues in the hydrophobic “core” of the protein can be substituted with non-polar residues having smaller side chains (supra) in order to create cavities in the core and disrupt the packing, and cysteine residues can be deleted or substituted with other amino acid residues in order to eliminate disulfide bridges (which are often found in protein cores). In some embodiments, at least one disulfide bond is eliminated in the starting protein, such as, for example, replacing the cysteines with alanines, serines, and/or glycines, etc. In further preferred embodiments, both cysteines involved in the formation of the at least one disulfide bond are replaced with alanines, serines, and/or glycines, or preferably with alanines or glycines, etc.


The peptidogenic proteins are preferably provided in an isolated form, and preferably are substantially purified. Additionally, the peptidogenic proteins would display a stable 3D conformational epitope for B-cell activation while synthesized peptides (such as by chemical synthesis) can be co-administered, which could optimize the epitopes for MHC-II presentation. Alternatively, the peptidogenic proteins and peptides can be expressed by a mixture of polynucleotides. In still other embodiments, peptidogenic proteins can be combined with a wild type starting protein and synthetic peptide(s) to elicit an immune response.


In some embodiments, the rate of polypeptide degradation may be adjusted in order to produce an optimal mix of peptides, and in the right time frame, to allow maximal diversity of the displayed peptides on the antigen presenting cells.


Immunization with mixtures (such as combinatorial cocktails) of antigens is advantageous due to the complexity of the proteolytic attack on the protein antigen(s) that produce the peptides for display. Thus, the “tuning mutation(s)” optimal for the production of a given peptide (T cell epitope) in the right time frame may be different from the mutations optimal for production of another peptide. By giving the antigens as mixtures, a multiplicity of different mutant proteins may be endocytosed by a single cell or multiple cells, which maximizes the diversity of the peptides produced and displayed by that cell.


Combinatorial immunization, in which subjects are immunized with two or more distinct antigens that have the same overall surface features (i.e. cross-reacting B-cell epitopes) but with different conformational dynamics, enriches the diversity of T-cell epitopes. This combinatorial approach, which includes hundreds or even thousands of different immunogens in a single inoculation (both protein-based and nucleotide-based) may vastly increase the B-cell epitope repertoire, since every molecule in the mix can contribute to one or more unique T-cell epitopes while maintaining a wild type-like conformation. In some aspects, because the wild-type configuration is maintained, the B-cell epitope repertoire is biased towards the most stable (and presumably wild type-like) molecules in the ensemble.


Peptidogenic Protein has a Similar Conformation as a Starting Protein

The operational test of whether the peptidogenic protein has a “similar conformation to the starting protein” is whether or not a cross-reacting antibody, especially an antibody that recognizes a conformational (3D) epitope, specifically binds to both the peptidogenic protein and the starting protein. In the present invention “cross-reactivity” or a “cross-reacting antibody” is defined in terms of “binding affinity” which can be measured based on dissociation constant (KD), off rate (koff), and/or on rate (kon).


For example, a cross-reacting antibody binds to both the peptidogenic protein and the starting protein at a dissociation constant or KD less than or equal to 5×10−6 M, 10−6 M, 5×10−7 M, 10−7 M, 5×10−8 M, or 10−8 M. Even more preferably, a cross-reacting antibody binds to both the peptidogenic protein and the starting protein at a dissociation constant KD less than or equal to 5×10−9M, 10−9M, 5×10−10M, 10−10 M, 5×10−11M, 10−11 M, 5×10−12M, 10−12M, 5×10−13 M, 10−13 M, 5×10−14M, or 10−14 M. The invention encompasses a dissociation constant or KD for the peptidogenic protein and/or the starting protein that is within any one of the ranges that are between each of the individual recited values. Additionally, it is specifically contemplated that the KD for the antibody that binds to a peptidogenic protein may not be identical to its KD with respect to the starting protein, and in preferred embodiments, the KD for the antibody that hinds to the peptidogenic protein is less than the KD for its binding to the starting protein. It is understood that, operationally, KD in this case refers to the functional affinity of the antibody for the antigen. Functional or “apparent” affinity may be enhanced in multivalent antibodies that contain multiple interacting sites (e.g., Fab arms) that can bind to the antigen (“avidity effect”).


Additionally, a cross-reacting antibody binds to both the peptidogenic protein and the starting protein with an off rate (koff) of less than or equal to 5×10−2 sec−1, 10−2 sec−1, 5×10−3 sec−1 or 10−3 sec−1. More preferably, a cross-reacting antibody binds to both the peptidogenic protein and the starting protein at off rate (koff) of less than or equal to 5×10−4 sec−1, 10−1 sec−1, 5×10−5 sec−1, or 10−5 sec−1, 5×10−1 sec−1, 10−6 sec−1, 5×10−7 sec−1 or 10−7 sec−1. The invention encompasses an off rate (koff) for the peptidogenic protein and/or the starting protein that is within any one of the ranges that are between each of the individual recited values. Additionally, it is specifically contemplated that the koff of the antibody for the peptiflogenic protein may not be identical to the koff of the starting protein, and in preferred embodiments, the (koff) for the binding of the antibody to the peptidogenic protein is greater than the (koff) for the binding of the antibody to the starting protein.


Assays to test for the cross-reactivity are described herein or are known in the art. For example, binding assays may be performed in solution (e.g., Houghten, Bio/Techniques 13:412-421(1992)), on beads (e.g., Lam, Nature 354:82-84 (1991)), on chips (e.g., Fodor, Nature 364:555-556 (1993)), on bacteria (e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,223,409), on spores (e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,571,698; 5,403,484; and 5,223,409), on plasmids (e.g., Cull et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:1865-1869 (1992)) or on phage (e.g., Scott and Smith, Science 249:386-390 (1990); Devlin, Science 249:404-406 (1990); Cwirla et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:6378-6382 (1990); and Felici, J. Mol. Biol. 222:301-310 (1991)). Examples of such assays are described further below in the Examples.


Use of the Peptidogenic Protein to Generate Antibodies

The peptidogenic protein can be used to generate antibodies by methods well known by the skilled artisan, such as, for example, methods described in the art. See, for instance, Sutcliffe et al., supra; Wilson et al., supra; Chow et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:910-914 (1985); and Bittle et al., J. Gen. Virol. 66:2347-2354 (1985). If in vivo immunization is used, animals may be immunized with a peptidogenic protein and/or a polynucleotide encoding the peptidogenic protein described herein.


Animals such as rabbits, rats, mice, llamas, camels, and/or cows can be immunized with the peptidogenic protein and/or a polynucleotide encoding the peptidogenic protein. For instance, intraperitoneal and/or intradermal injection of emulsions containing about 100 micrograms of a peptidogenic protein or carrier protein and Freund's adjuvant or any other adjuvant known for stimulating an immune response may be used. Several booster injections may be needed, for instance, at intervals of about two weeks, to provide a useful titer of anti-peptidogenic protein antibody which can be detected, for example, by ELISA assay using free peptidogenic protein adsorbed, directly or indirectly (e.g., via a biotinylated AviTag), to a solid surface. The titer of anti-peptidogenic protein antibodies in serum from an immunized animal may be increased by selection of anti-peptidogenic protein antibodies, for instance, by adsorption to the peptidogenic protein on a solid support and elution of the selected antibodies according to methods well known in the art. Such selections could also be done using the starting protein.


Additionally, antibodies generated by the disclosed methods can be affinity matured using display technology, such as for example, phage display, yeast display or ribosome display. In one example, single chain antibody molecules (“scFvs”) displayed on the surface of phage particles are screened to identify those scFvs that immunospecifically bind to the peptidogenic protein and/or the starting protein. The present invention encompasses both scFvs and portions thereof that are identified to immunospecifically bind to the peptidogenic protein and/or the starting protein. Such scFvs can routinely be “converted” to immunoglobulin molecules by inserting, for example, the nucleotide sequences encoding the VH and/or VL domains of the scFv into an expression vector containing the constant domain sequences and engineered to direct the expression of the immunoglobulin molecule.


Recombinant expression of an antibody raised using the peptidogenic protein and/or a polynucleotide encoding the peptidogenic protein of the invention (including scFvs and other molecules comprising, or alternatively consisting of, antibody fragments or variants thereof (e.g., a heavy or light chain of an antibody of the invention or a portion thereof or a single chain antibody of the invention)), requires construction of an expression vector(s) containing a polynucleotide that encodes the antibody or fragment or variant thereof. Once a polynucleotide encoding an antibody molecule (e.g., a whole antibody, a heavy or light chain of an antibody, or variant or portion thereof (preferably, but not necessarily, containing the heavy or light chain variable domain)), of the invention has been obtained, the vector(s) for the production of the antibody molecule may be produced by recombinant DNA technology using techniques well known in the art. Thus, methods for preparing an antibody by expressing a polynucleotide containing an antibody encoding nucleotide sequence are described herein. Methods which are well known to those skilled in the art can be used to construct expression vectors containing antibody coding sequences (as well as the coding sequences for the peptidogenic protein) and appropriate transcriptional and translational control signals. These methods include, for example, in vitro recombinant DNA techniques, synthetic techniques, and in vivo genetic recombination. The invention, thus, provides replicable vectors comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding either the peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein (e.g., a whole antibody, a heavy or light chain of an antibody, a heavy or light chain variable domain of an antibody, or a portion thereof, or a heavy or light chain CDR, a single chain Fv, or fragments or variants thereof), operably linked to a promoter. Such vectors may include the nucleotide sequence encoding the constant region of the antibody molecule (see, e.g., PCT Publication WO 86/05807; PCT Publication WO 89/01036; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,122,464) and the variable domain of the antibody may be cloned into such a vector for expression of the entire heavy chain, the entire light chain, or both the entire heavy and light chains.


The expression vector(s) can be transferred to a host cell by conventional techniques and the transfected cells are then cultured by conventional techniques to produce either the peptidogenic protein or the antibody that has been raised against a peptidogenic protein. Thus, the invention includes host cells containing polynucleotide(s) encoding the peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein (e.g., whole antibody, a heavy or light chain thereof, or portion thereof, or a single chain antibody of the invention, or a fragment or variant thereof), operably linked to a heterologous promoter. In preferred embodiments, for the expression of entire antibody molecules, vectors encoding both the heavy and light chains may be co-expressed in the host cell for expression of the entire immunoglobulin molecule, as detailed below.


A variety of host-expression vector systems may be utilized to express the peptidogenic protein or the antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein. Such host-expression systems represent vehicles by which the coding sequences of interest may be produced and subsequently purified, but also represent cells which may, when transformed or transfected, with the appropriate nucleotide coding sequences, express the peptidogenic protein or the antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein. These include, but are not limited to, microorganisms such as bacteria (e.g., E. coli, B. subtilis) transformed with recombinant bacteriophage DNA, plasmid DNA or cosmid DNA expression vectors containing sequences; yeast (e.g., Saccharomyces, Pichia) transformed with recombinant yeast expression vectors containing coding sequences; insect cell systems infected with recombinant virus expression vectors (e.g., baculovirus) containing coding sequences; plant cell systems infected with recombinant virus expression vectors (e.g., cauliflower mosaic virus, CaMV; tobacco mosaic virus, TMV) or transformed with recombinant plasmid expression vectors (e.g., Ti plasmid) containing coding sequences; or mammalian cell systems (e.g., COS, CHO, BHK, 293, 3T3 cells) harboring recombinant expression constructs containing promoters derived from the genome of mammalian cells (e.g., metallothionein promoter) or from mammalian viruses (e.g., the adenovirus late promoter; the vaccinia virus 7.5K promoter). Preferably, bacterial cells such as Escherichia coli, and more preferably, eukaryotic cells, are used for the expression of either the peptidogenic protein or a recombinant antibody molecule. For example, mammalian cells such as Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO), in conjunction with a vector such as the major intermediate early gene promoter element from human cytomegalovirus is an effective expression system (Foecking et al., Gene 45:101 (1986); Cockett et al., Bio/Technology 8:2 (1990)).


In bacterial systems, a number of expression vectors may be advantageously selected depending upon the intended use. For example, when a large quantity of a protein (whether a peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein) is to be produced, vectors which direct the expression of high levels of fusion protein products that are readily purified may be desirable. Such vectors include, but are not limited to, the E. coli expression vector pUR278 (Ruther et al., EMBO 1. 2:1791 (1983)), in which the coding sequence may be ligated individually into the vector in frame with the lac Z coding region so that a fusion protein is produced; pIN vectors (Inouye & Inouye, Nucleic Acids Res. 13:3101-3109 (1985); Van Heeke & Schuster, J. Biol. Chem. 24:5503-5509 (1989)); and the like. pGEX vectors may also be used to express foreign polypeptides as fusion proteins with glutathione 5-transferase (GST). In general, such fusion proteins are soluble and can easily be purified from lysed cells by adsorption and binding to matrix glutathione agarose beads followed by elution in the presence of free glutathione. The pGEX vectors are designed to include thrombin or Factor Xa protease cleavage sites so that the cloned target gene product can be released from the GST moiety.


In an insect system, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) may be used as a vector to express a peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein. The virus grows in Spodoptera frugiperda cells. Coding sequences may be cloned individually into non-essential regions (for example, the polyhedrin gene) of the virus and placed under control of an AcNPV promoter (for example, the polyhedrin promoter).


In mammalian host cells, a number of viral-based expression systems may be utilized. In cases where an adenovirus is used as an expression vector, the coding sequence of interest may be ligated to an adenovirus transcription/translation control complex, e.g., the late promoter and tripartite leader sequence. This chimeric gene may then be inserted in the adenovirus genome by in vitro or in vivo recombination.


Insertion in a non-essential region of the viral genome (e.g., region E1 or E3) will result in a recombinant virus that is viable and capable of expressing the peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein in infected hosts (e.g., see Logan & Shenk, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 8 1:355-359 (1984)).


Specific initiation signals may also be required for efficient translation of inserted coding sequences. These signals include the ATG initiation codon and adjacent sequences. Furthermore, the initiation codon must be in phase with the reading frame of the desired coding sequence to ensure translation of the entire insert. These exogenous translational control signals and initiation codons can be of a variety of origins, both natural and synthetic. The efficiency of expression may be enhanced by the inclusion of appropriate transcription enhancer elements, transcription terminators, etc. (see, e.g., Bittner et al., Methods in Enzymol. 153:51-544 (1987)).


In addition, a host cell strain may be chosen which modulates the expression of the inserted sequences, or modifies and processes the gene product in the specific fashion desired. Such modifications (e.g., glycosylation) and processing (e.g., cleavage) of protein products may be important for the function of the protein. Different host cells have characteristic and specific mechanisms for the post-translational processing and modification of proteins and gene products. Appropriate cell lines or host systems can be chosen to ensure the correct modification and processing of the foreign protein expressed, to this end, eukaryotic host cells which possess the cellular machinery for proper processing of the primary transcript, glycosylation, and phosphorylation of the gene product may be used. Such mammalian host cells include, but are not limited to, CHO, VERY, BHK, Hela, COS, NSO, MDCK, 293, 3T3, W138, and in particular, breast cancer cell lines such as, for example, BT483, Hs578T, HTB2, BT2O and T47D, and normal mammary gland cell line such as, for example, CRL7O3O and HsS78Bst.


For long-term, high-yield production of recombinant proteins, stable expression is preferred. For example, cell lines which stably express the peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein may be engineered. Rather than using expression vectors which contain viral origins of replication, host cells can be transformed with a polynucleotide controlled by appropriate expression control elements (e.g., promoter, enhancer, sequences, transcription terminators, polyadenylation sites, etc.), and a selectable marker. Following the introduction of the foreign polynucleotide, engineered cells may be allowed to grow for 1-2 days in an enriched media, and then are switched to a selective media. The selectable marker in the recombinant plasmid confers resistance to the selection and allows cells to stably integrate the plasmid into their chromosomes and grow to form foci which in turn can be cloned and expanded into cell lines. This method may advantageously be used to engineer cell lines which express the peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein.


A number of selection systems may be used, including but not limited to, the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (Wigler et al., Cell 11:223 (1977)), hypoxanthineguanine phosphoribosyltransferase (Szybalska & Szybalski, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 48:202 (1992)), and adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (Lowy et al., Cell 22:8 17 (1980)) genes can be employed in tk-, hgprt- or aprt-cells, respectively. Also, antimetabolite resistance can be used as the basis of selection for the following genes: dhfr, which confers resistance to methotrexate (Wigler et al., Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:357 (1980); O'Hare et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78:1527 (1981)); gpt, which confers resistance to mycophenolic acid (Mulligan & Berg, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78:2072 (1981)); neo, which confers resistance to the aminoglycoside G-418 (Goldspiel et al., Clinical Pharmacy, 12: 488-505 (1993); Wu and Wu, Biotherapy 3:87-95 (1991); Tolstoshev, Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 32:573-596 (1993); Mulligan, Science 260:926-932 (1993); and Morgan and Anderson, Ann. Rev. Biochem. 62: 191-217 (1993); TIB TECH 11(5):155-2 15 (May; 1993)); and hygro, which confers resistance to hygromycin (Santerre et al., Gene 30:147 (1984)). Methods commonly known in the art of recombinant DNA technology may be routinely applied to select the desired recombinant clone, and such methods are described, for example; in Ausubel et al. (eds.), Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. (1993); Kriegler, Gene Transfer and Expression, A Laboratory Manual, Stockton Press, N Y (1990); and in Chapters 12 and 13, Dracopoli et al. (eds), Current Protocols in Human Genetics, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. (1994); Colberre-Garapin et al., J. Mol. Biol. 150:1 (1981).


The expression levels of a peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein can be increased by vector amplification (for a review, see Bebbington and Hentschel, The use of vectors based on gene amplification for the expression of cloned genes in mammalian cells in DNA cloning, Vol. 3. (Academic Press, New York, 1987)). When a marker in the vector system expressing a peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein is amplifiable, an increase in the level of inhibitor present in the host cell culture will increase the number of copies of the marker gene. Since the amplified region is associated with the coding sequence, production of the peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein will also increase (Crouse et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 3:257 (1983)).


Other elements that can be included in vector sequences include heterologous signal peptides (secretion signals), membrane anchoring sequences, introns, alternative splice sites, translation start and stop signals, inteins, biotinylation sites and other sites promoting post-translational modifications, purification tags, sequences encoding fusions to other proteins or peptides, separate coding regions separated by internal ribosome reentry sites, sequences encoding “marker” proteins that, for example, confer selectability (e.g., antibiotic resistance) or sortability (e.g., fluorescence), modified nucleotides, and other known polynucleotide cis-acting features not limited to these examples.


In the case of antibodies, the host cell may be co-transfected with two expression vectors of the invention, the first vector encoding a heavy chain derived polypeptide and the second vector encoding a light chain derived polypeptide. The two vectors may contain identical selectable markers which enable equal expression of heavy and light chain polypeptides. Alternatively, a single vector may be used which encodes, and is capable of expressing, both heavy and light chain polypeptides. In such situations, the light chain is preferably placed before the heavy chain to avoid an excess of toxic free heavy chain (Proudfoot, Nature 322:52 (1986); Kohler, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:2 197 (1980)). The coding sequences for the heavy and light chains may comprise cDNA or genomic DNA or synthetic DNA sequences.


Once a peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein has been produced by recombinant expression, it may be purified by any method known in the art for purification of a protein, for example, by chromatography (e.g., ion exchange, affinity (particularly by Protein A affinity and immunoaffinity for the specific antigen), and sizing column chromatography), centrifugation, differential solubility, or by any other standard technique for the purification of proteins. Further, a peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised against the peptidogenic protein may be fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences described herein or otherwise known in the art to facilitate purification.


In one example, the peptidogenic protein or the antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein described herein may be fused with the constant domain of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM), or portions thereof (CH1, CH2, CH3, or any combination thereof and portions thereof), or albumin (including but not limited to recombinant human albumin or fragments or variants thereof (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,969, issued Mar. 2, 1999, EP Patent 0 413 622, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,766,883, issued Jun. 16, 1998), resulting in chimeric polypeptides. Such fusion proteins may facilitate purification and may increase half-life in vivo. This has been shown for chimeric proteins consisting of the first two domains of the human CD4-polypeptide and various domains of the constant regions of the heavy or light chains of mammalian immunoglobulins. See, e.g., EP 394,827; Traunecker et al., Nature, 331:84-86 (1988). Enhanced delivery of an antigen across the epithelial barrier to the immune system has been demonstrated for antigens (e.g., insulin) conjugated to an FcRn binding partner such as IgG or Fe fragments (see, e.g., PCT Publications WO 96/22024 and WO 99/04813). IgG Fusion proteins that have a disulfide-linked dimeric structure due to the IgG portion disulfide bonds have also been found to be more efficient in binding and neutralizing other molecules than monomeric polypeptides or fragments thereof alone. See, e.g., Fountoulakis et al., J. Biochem., 270:3958-3964 (1995). Nucleic acids encoding the peptidogenic protein or antibodies described herein can also be recombined with a gene of interest as an epitope tag (e.g., the hemagglutinin (“HA”) tag or flag tag) to aid in detection and purification of the expressed polypeptide. For example, a system described by Janknecht et al. allows for the ready purification of non-denatured fusion proteins expressed in human cell lines (Janknecht et al., 1991, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:8972-897). In this system, the gene of interest is subcloned into a vaccinia recombination plasmid such that the open reading frame of the gene is translationally fused to an amino-terminal tag consisting of six histidine residues. The tag serves as a matrix-binding domain for the fusion protein. Extracts from cells infected with the recombinant vaccinia virus are loaded onto Ni2+ nitriloacetic acid-agarose column and histidine-tagged proteins can be selectively eluted with imidazole-containing buffers.


Vaccination

A mixture of peptidogenic proteins and/or polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins can be used to vaccinate an animal. This vaccination may lead to the raising of antibodies to the peptidogenic proteins. A subject suitable for treatment as described above may be a mammal, such as a rodent (e.g. a guinea pig, a hamster, a rat, a mouse), murine (e.g. a mouse), canine (e.g. a dog), feline (e.g. a cat), equine (e.g. a horse), a primate, simian (e.g. a monkey or ape), a monkey (e.g. marmoset, baboon, rhesus macaque), an ape (e.g. gorilla, chimpanzee, orangutan, gibbon), or a human. In some preferred embodiments, the subject is a human. In other embodiments, non-human mammals, especially mammals that are conventionally used as models for demonstrating therapeutic efficacy in humans (e.g. murine, primate, porcine, canine, or rabbit animals) may be employed.


In some embodiments, the peptidogenic proteins are chimeric fusion proteins, e.g., a viral protein that has been fused to another protein, that are used for vaccines.


A vaccination strategy can be based on repetitive administration of the peptidogenic proteins and/or polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins to the subject as described herein to enable the development of memory B cells and memory T cells against the peptidogenic protein. Vaccination can be conducted either prophylactically or therapeutically. The peptidogenic proteins can be derived from either the same starting protein or from multiple starting proteins. While prophylactic vaccination strategies aim to stimulate the subject's immune system in developing preventive adaptive immunity to a pathogen, the goal of therapeutic vaccination strategy is conducted after the disease has been already established or to improve a clinical situation, present in the subject.


Proteolytic processing involves antigens such as peptidogenic proteins being processed in Antigen Presenting Cells after endocytosis and fusion of the endosome with a lysosome. The endosome then merges with an exocytic vesicle from the Golgi apparatus containing class II MHC molecules, to which the resultant peptides bind. The MHC-peptide complex then trafficks to the plasma membrane where the antigen is available for display to CD4+ T cells. Any limitation of the proteolytic processing of the peptidogenic proteins could promote a narrowing of the diversity of the peptide products, which would give the class II MHC molecules fewer options among which to select stable binding partners, and this could exacerbate the phenomenon of immunodominant determinants Heightened immunodominance would in turn increase the proportion of non-responders in the population, because immune responsiveness is governed by the genetics of class II MHC alleles. Hence, vaccines using a mixture of peptidogenic proteins and/or polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins described herein should increase the variety of antigen peptides resulting from intra-endosomal proteolytic processing and therefore would be expected to increase the effectiveness of the vaccine.


Introduction into Animals Polynucleotides Encoding Peptidogenic Proteins


Polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins can also be directly introduced into animals. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,676,954; 6,875,748; 5,661,133; Sahin et al., Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2014 October; 13(10):759-80; Kariko et al., Mol Ther, 2008 November; 16(11):1833-40; Kariko et al., Nucleic Acid Res, 2011, November; 39(21):e142; U.S. Pat. No. 6,511,832. In one example, polynucleotides, such as a DNA sequences encoding a mixture of peptidogenic proteins are directly injected into a host animal and the polynucleotides enter into the nucleus to be transcribed to mRNA in order to produce the peptidogenic proteins.


Similarly, the polynucleotides can also be mRNA sequences, such as an in vitro transcribed mRNA (IVT mRNA). Essentially, synthetic mRNAs can be engineered to express peptidogenic proteins, and ideally, the mRNA is translated in the cell's cytoplasm without entering the nucleus. In the cytoplasm, the mRNA is decoded by ribosomes and is translated into the peptidogenic proteins.


In either method, the peptidogenic proteins are then processed and used to generate antibodies, much like immunization with a protein. The polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins can be synthesized using the genetic codon degeneracy and standard DNA synthesis techniques. Mixtures of different polynucleotides encoding the same peptidogenic protein, different peptidogenic proteins derived from the same starting protein, and/or different peptidogenic proteins derived from different starting proteins can be used.


Mammals that can be used to raise antibodies, include but are not limited to rabbits, rats, mice, llamas, and/or cows. The polynucleotides disclosed herein can be injected into the animals via intramuscular, intradermal, intranasal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intratracheal, and intrathecal deliveries. This method of raising antibodies allows for the concurrent production of many species of antibodies as compared to conventional methodology, substantially increasing the repertoire of antibodies produced.


Formulations

A pharmaceutical composition may comprise the peptidogenic proteins described herein, polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein along with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants, excipients, diluents, fillers, buffers, stabilizers, preservatives, lubricants, or other materials well known to those skilled in the art. Suitable materials will be sterile and pyrogen-free, with a suitable isotonicity and stability. Examples include sterile saline (e.g. 0.9% NaCl), water, dextrose, glycerol, ethanol or the like or combinations thereof. Such materials should be non-toxic and should not interfere with the efficacy of the active compound. The precise nature of the carrier or other material will depend on the route of administration, which may be by bolus, infusion, injection or any other suitable route, as discussed below. The composition may further contain auxiliary substances such as wetting agents, emulsifying agents, pH buffering agents or the like. Suitable carriers, excipients, etc. can be found in standard pharmaceutical texts, for example, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th edition, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa., 1990.


The term “pharmaceutically acceptable” as used herein pertains to compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of a subject (e.g., human) without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio. Each carrier, excipient, etc. must also be “acceptable” in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation.


In some embodiments, the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein may be provided in a lyophilized form for reconstitution prior to administration. For example, lyophilized reagents may be re-constituted in sterile water and mixed with saline prior to administration to a subject.


Additionally, “cocktails” of the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein are specifically contemplated. For example, a mixture of different peptidogenic proteins or polynucleotides encoding different peptidogenic proteins derived from the same starting protein can be used to mount an immune response. Alternatively, a mixture of different peptidogenic proteins or polynucleotides encoding different peptidogenic proteins derived from different starting materials may also be used to mount an immune response.


The formulations may conveniently be presented in unit dosage form and may be prepared by any methods well known in the art of pharmacy. Such methods include the step of bringing into association the active compound with the carrier which constitutes one or more accessory ingredients. In general, the formulations are prepared by uniformly and intimately bringing into association the active compound with liquid carriers or finely divided solid carriers or both, and then if necessary shaping the product.


Formulations may be in the form of liquids, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, elixirs, syrups, tablets, lozenges, granules, powders, capsules, cachets, pills, ampoules, suppositories, pessaries, ointments, gels, pastes, creams, sprays, mists, foams, lotions, oils, boluses, electuaries, or aerosols.


Optionally, other therapeutic or prophylactic agents may be included in a pharmaceutical composition or formulation.


Treatment may be any treatment and therapy, whether of a human or an animal (e.g. in veterinary applications), in which some desired therapeutic effect is achieved, for example, the inhibition or delay of the progress of the condition, and includes a reduction in the rate of progress, a halt in the rate of progress, amelioration of the condition, cure or remission (whether partial or total) of the condition, preventing, delaying, abating or arresting one or more symptoms and/or signs of the condition or prolonging survival of a subject or patient beyond that expected in the absence of treatment.


Treatment as a prophylactic measure (i.e. prophylaxis) is also included. For example, a subject susceptible to or at risk of the occurrence or re-occurrence of the disease may be treated as described herein. Such treatment may prevent or delay the occurrence or re-occurrence of the disease in the subject.


The term “therapeutically-effective amount” as used herein, pertains to that amount of the peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein which is effective for producing some desired therapeutic effect, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.


It will be appreciated that appropriate dosages of the peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein can vary from patient to patient. Determining the optimal dosage will generally involve the balancing of the level of therapeutic benefit against any risk or deleterious side effects of the administration. The selected dosage level will depend on a variety of factors including, but not limited to, the route of administration, the time of administration, the rate of excretion of the active compound, other drugs, compounds, and/or materials used in combination, and the age, sex, weight, condition, general health, and prior medical history of the patient. The amount of peptidogenic protein, polynucleotide encoding the peptidogenic protein, or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein and route of administration will ultimately be at the discretion of the physician, although generally the dosage will be to achieve concentrations of the active compound at a site of therapy without causing substantial harmful or deleterious side-effects.


In general, a suitable dose of the peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein is in the range of about 100 μg to about 250 mg per kilogram body weight of the subject per day. Where the peptidogenic protein or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein is a salt, an ester, prodrug, or the like, the amount administered is calculated on the basis of the parent compound and so the actual weight to be used is increased proportionately.


Administration in vivo can be effected in one dose, continuously or intermittently (e.g., in divided doses at appropriate intervals). Methods of determining the most effective means and dosage of administration are well known to those of skill in the art and will vary with the formulation used for therapy, the purpose of the therapy, the target cell being treated, and the subject being treated. Single or multiple administrations can be carried out with the dose level and pattern being selected by the physician.


By “simultaneous” administration, it is meant that the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein are administered to the subject in a single dose by the same route of administration.


By “separate” administration, it is meant that the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein are administered to the subject by two different routes of administration which occur at the same time. This may occur for example where one agent is administered by infusion or parenterally and the other is given orally during the course of the infusion or parenteral administration.


By “sequential” it is meant that the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein are administered at different points in time, provided that the activity of the first administered agent is present and ongoing in the subject at the time the second agent is administered. Preferably, a sequential dose will occur such that the second of the two agents is administered within 48 hours, preferably within 24 hours, such as within 12, 6, 4, 2 or 1 hour(s) of the first agent.


Multiple doses of the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins and/or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein may be administered. For example 2, 3, 4, 5 or more than 5 doses may be administered after administration of the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, and/or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein. The administration of the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, and/or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein may continue for sustained periods of time after initial administration. For example treatment with the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein may be continued for at least 1 week, at least 2 weeks, at least 3 weeks, at least 1 month or at least 2 months. Treatment with the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein may be continued for as long as is necessary to achieve a therapeutic response.


The peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein and compositions comprising these molecules may be administered to a subject by any convenient route of administration, whether systemically/peripherally or at the site of desired action, including but not limited to, oral (e.g. by ingestion); and parenteral, for example, by injection, including subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular, intravenous, intraarterial, intracardiac, intrathecal, intraspinal, intracapsular, subcapsular, intraorbital, intraperitoneal, intratracheal, subcuticular, intraarticular, subarachnoid, and intrasternal; by implant of a depot, for example, subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Usually administration will be by the intravenous route, although other routes such as intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, transdermal, oral, nasal, intramuscular or other convenient routes are not excluded.


The pharmaceutical compositions comprising the peptidogenic protein, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein may be formulated in suitable dosage unit formulations appropriate for the intended route of administration.


Formulations suitable for oral administration (e.g. by ingestion) may be presented as discrete units such as capsules, cachets or tablets, each containing a predetermined amount of the active compound; as a powder or granules; as a solution or suspension in an aqueous or non-aqueous liquid; or as an oil-in-water liquid emulsion or a water-in-oil liquid emulsion; as a bolus; as an electuary; or as a paste.


A tablet may be made by conventional means, e.g., compression or molding, optionally with one or more accessory ingredients. Compressed tablets may be prepared by compressing in a suitable machine the active compound in a free-flowing form such as a powder or granules, optionally mixed with one or more binders (e.g. povidone, gelatin, acacia, sorbitol, tragacanth, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose); fillers or diluents (e.g. lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, calcium hydrogen phosphate); lubricants (e.g. magnesium stearate, talc, silica); disintegrants (e.g. sodium starch glycolate, cross-linked povidone, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose); surface-active or dispersing or wetting agents (e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate); and preservatives (e.g. methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, sorbic acid). Molded tablets may be made by molding in a suitable machine a mixture of the powdered compound moistened with an inert liquid diluent. The tablets may optionally be coated or scored and may be formulated so as to provide slow or controlled release of the active compound therein using, for example, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose in varying proportions to provide the desired release profile. Tablets may optionally be provided with an enteric coating, to provide release in parts of the gut other than the stomach.


Formulations suitable for parenteral administration (e.g. by injection, including cutaneous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous and intradermal), include aqueous and non-aqueous isotonic, pyrogen-free, sterile injection solutions which may contain anti-oxidants, buffers, preservatives, stabilizers, bacteriostats, and solutes which render the formulation isotonic with the blood of the intended recipient; and aqueous and non-aqueous sterile suspensions which may include suspending agents and thickening agents, and liposomes or other microparticulate systems which are designed to target the compound to blood components or one or more organs. Examples of suitable isotonic vehicles for use in such formulations include Sodium Chloride Injection, Ringer's Solution, or Lactated Ringer's Injection. Typically, the concentration of the active compound in the solution is from about 1 ng/ml to about 10 μg/ml, for example from about 10 ng/ml to about 1 μg/ml, from about 1 μg/ml to about 10 mg/ml, from about 10 μg/ml to about 1 mg/ml, from about 1 mg/ml to about 20 mg/ml, from about 10 mg/ml to about 120 mg/ml, or any other concentration suitable for administration of biological drugs (e.g., proteins, antibodies, etc.). The formulations may be presented in unit-dose or multi-dose sealed containers, for example, ampoules and vials, and may be stored in a freeze-dried (lyophilized) condition requiring only the addition of the sterile liquid carrier, for example water for injections, immediately prior to use. Extemporaneous injection solutions and suspensions may be prepared from sterile powders, granules, and tablets. Formulations may be in the form of liposomes or other microparticulate systems which are designed to target the active compound to blood components or one or more organs.


Compositions comprising the peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins and/or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein may be prepared in the form of a concentrate for subsequent dilution, or may be in the form of divided doses ready for administration. Alternatively, the reagents may be provided separately within a kit, for mixing prior to administration to a human or animal subject.


The peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, and/or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein may be administered alone or in combination with other treatments, either simultaneously or sequentially dependent upon the individual circumstances. For example, peptidogenic proteins, the polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins, or an antibody raised to the peptidogenic protein as described herein may be administered in combination with one or more additional active compounds.


Various further aspects and embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the present disclosure.


It is to be understood that the application discloses all combinations of any of the above aspects and embodiments described above with each other, unless the context demands otherwise. Similarly, the application discloses all combinations of the preferred and/or optional features either singly or together with any of the other aspects, unless the context demands otherwise.


Modifications of the above embodiments, further embodiments and modifications thereof will be apparent to the skilled person on reading this disclosure, and as such these are within the scope of the present invention. All documents and sequence database entries mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes. The invention is further described below, with reference to the following examples.


EXAMPLES
Example 1: Generating Peptidogenic Antigens

To generate peptidogenic proteins, a starting protein can be modified at its core residues (e.g., one or more mutations) to alter its conformational dynamics. Multiple different peptidogenic proteins can be designed and expressed to immunize animals, such as rabbits, to generate a polyclonal antibody response. Alternatively, polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins can be directly administered to the animals to generate the peptidogenic proteins in vivo. The response will be monitored by two complementary and mutually reinforcing methods (Georgiou et al, 2014; FIG. 2): (a) purifying B cells from the blood, spleen, and bone marrow of immunized animals, isolating cDNA from mRNA encoding the variable regions of the heavy and light chains, and analyzing this repertoire via deep DNA sequencing; and (b) immunoaffinity purifying from immune sera polyclonal Fab or (Fab′)2 fragments using antigen attached to a solid support, digesting the eluted Fab/(Fab′)2s with proteases, and sequencing the resultant peptides using LC/MS/MS.


Specifically, challenging test animals (rabbits) with a variety of peptidogenic proteins (or polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins) where the conformation is similar to the starting protein, but the conformational dynamics of the peptidogenic protein is varied, can be performed. Using next-generation DNA sequencing technology, the humoral response in the animal can be comprehensively characterized Immunoglobulin V-regions from B lymphocytes can be cloned and subjected to massively parallel deep sequencing (5-8). In conjunction with this, polyclonal antibodies from the same test animal can be purified by immunoaffinity chromatography, then protease-digested and subjected to LC-MS/MS to determine the peptide sequences (9, 10). Comparisons of these two datasets illuminate the repertoire of individual antibodies comprising the polyclonal response (9).


For example, small mammalian proteins that have been extremely well-characterized biophysically can be used as test antigens. Preferred examples, include, but are not limited to bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and/or Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein Kunitz domain. Alternatively, antigens relevant to unmet vaccine needs, such as for example, P. falciparum sporozoite antigens can also be generated and tested in this method. Additionally, optimization (or re-optimization) of synthetic vaccines with respect to conformational dynamics of the component proteins (perhaps replacing a single component with a combinatory cocktail of several versions of the same antigen with different core destabilizing mutations) can also be generated. Testing these new vaccines in clinical trials could involve monitoring of the vaccinated individuals using similar DNA sequence analyses of blood-derived B-cell V-region repertoires and proteomic characterization of immunoaffinity-purified polyclonal antibody peptides, similar to the procedures described above.


Other preferred examples of antigens that can be used according to embodiments of the invention described herein, include, but are not limited to antigens or antigens derived from, malarial polypeptides such as thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) and/or apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp120 and gp41, hepatitis C (HCV) envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Spike glycoprotein, human influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase, hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid core, as well as antigens from related viruses that infect apes, monkeys, birds, pigs, camels, and other animals.


In preferred embodiments, any one of the P. falciparum protein antigens listed in the following Table 2 can be used as a starting protein to derive the peptidogenic protein. Additionally, multiple antigens listed in Table 2 can be used as the starting proteins to derive multiple different peptidogenic proteins to be used as a vaccine, generate an immune response, including the raising of antibodies.
















TABLE 2












Predicted





Predicted SP



SP



Predicted

Cleavage

Predicted

Cleavage


Gene
Size
Paralogs
Site
Gene
Size
Paralogs
Site






















MAL13P1.225
157

23/24
PFI0880C
396

25/26


PF13_0203
158

22/23
PF11_0251
421

22/23


PF11_0164
195
PFC0795C
21/22
PFC0065C
437
PF08_0022,
31/32








PF14_0015



PFL0375W
209

16/17
PFC0925W
492

30/31


PFI1270W
217

20/21
MAL13P1.121
565

34/35


PF10_0104
223

22/23
PF13_0133
590

33/34


PF13_0128
230

18/19
PFL2015W
676

27/28


PF11_0058
233

35/36
PFD0440W
693

25/26


PFA0490W
234

29/30
PFC0330W
699

26/27


PF07_0087
244

26/27
PFD0430C
840

24/25


PFB0570W
250

21/22
PF14_0462
851
PFC0550W
28/29


PF13_0180
258
PFL0740C
19/20
PF07_0100
1032

35/36


PF11_0065
282

23/24
MAL7P1.23
1183

30/31


PF14_0678
287

21/22
PFL1835W
1188

26/27


PF13_0125
292

19/20
PF07_0047
1229
PFF0940C
35/36


PF13_0141
316
PFF0895W
20/21
PF14_0250
1320

28/29


PF14_0117
327
PFI1775W,
22/23
PFE0905W
1379

24/25




PFL2530W







PF11_0098
343

26/27
PFA0180W
1472

31/32


PF14_0660
358

23/24
PFL1210W
1696

25/26


PFD0240C
378

20/21
PF14_0363
1922

26/27


PFE0080C
398

21/22
PFB0400W
2508

34/35


PFA0660W
402
PFB0090C,
34/35
PFI0920C
577

26/27




PFB0595W,









PFE0055C







PF11_0352
423

23/24
PF14_0094
768

22/23


PF11_0055
424

21/22
PFA0125C
1567

26/27


PFB0475C
446

22/23
PF10_0372
120

25/26


PF11_0302
452

21/22
PFL2315C
137

28/29


PFA0210C
466

23/24
MAL13P1.271
181

36/37


PF07_0089
467

16/17
MAL7P1.31
236

20/21


PF14_0060
475

16/17
PF10_0317
263
PF14_0653
35/36


MAL8P1.17
483

24/25
PF07_0070
322

19/20


MAL7P1.77
522

23/24
MAL7P1.64
357

28/29


PF11_0099
540

33/34
PFI0935W
370

21/22


PF07_0068
546

22/23
PFA0160C
434

22/23


PF13_0201
574

25/26
PFB0465C
457

27/28


PF07_0094
579

17/18
PF10_0208
627

23/24


PF07_0006
594
MAL8P1.143
22/23
PFB0760W
686

25/26


PFL0770W
618
PF07_0073
20/21
MAL13P1.206
687

26/27


PFI1645C
642
PF13_0262
18/19
PF14_0541
717

15/16


PF14_0166
674

25/26
PFL0790W
870

21/22


PFE0815W
681

24/25
PFL2410W
1039

24/25


PF11_0174
700

27/28
PF14_0440
1191

23/24


PFE0475W
722
PFB0525W
21/22
PF11_0333
1503

25/26


PF11_0074
743

17/18
PF10_0242
1541

20/21


PFL1385C
743

23/24
PFC0590C
1816

20/21


PF14_0102
782

22/23
PF14_0342
1898

27/28


PF11_0212
791

20/21
MAL7P1.92
2543
PFI0550W
22/23


PF07_0129
811

21/22
PF14_0593
1357

18/19


PFL2570W
816

22/23
MAL13P1.49
144

24/25


PFL1070C
821

28/29
MAL13P1.172
260

26/27


PFB0695C
888

32/33
PF08_0006
272

19/20


PF11_0175
906
PF08_0063
26/27
PFD1035W
328

37/38


MAL13P1.22
912

15/16
PF11_0052
336

24/25


PFL0035C
926

27/28
MAL13P1.79
383

19/20


PFI0685W
955

18/19
PF10_0295
426

23/24


PFD0425W
984

21/22
PFL1745C
459

22/23


PF14_0293
992

24/25
PF14_0677
467

24/25


PF14_0344
993

20/21
PFL0600W
558

23/24


PFL0560C
1024

20/21
PF08_0108
573
PF14_0281
26/27


PF07_0035
1248

20/21
PF08_0081
577

18/19


PFL1675C
1256

21/22
PF14_0620
858

25/26


PFC0435W
1294

19/20
PFE0710W
867

21/22


PFI1445W
1364

19/20
PF11_0270
1013

20/21


PF13_0354
1408

23/24
MAL7P1.149
1051

19/20


PFC0110W
1416
MAL7P1.229,
24/25
PFC0810C
1119

22/23




PFA0125C,









PFD1155W







PFC0120W
1417

24/25
PF14_0249
1169

25/26


PF08_0078
1419

20/21
PF13_0116
1258

19/20


PF14_0614
1502

16/17
MAL13P1.60
1260

25/26


PF14_0051
1515

26/27
PF11_0246
1336

23/24


PF11_0076
1988

22/23
PFL2505C
2215

21/22


MAL13P1.262
2006

21/22
PFB0405W
3135

20/21


PFC0640W
2114

26/27
PF11_0256
608

17/18


PFL2520W
2792
MAL13P1.176,
24/25
PF08_0047
613

28/29




PF13_0198







PFC0282W
116

23/24
PFC0835C
440

22/23


PF08_0004
137

25/26
PFI0605C
446

20/21


PF11_0224
162

22/23
PF10_0127
499

16/17


PF13_0272
208

22/23
PF11_0344
622

24/25


MAL13P1.171
211

20/21
PF10_0130
628

25/26


PFE1340W
214

27/28
PFL2395C
639
PF14_0428
28/29


PF14_0369
235

20/21
PF08_0008
738

21/22


PF14_0178
259

22/23
PF14_0201
966

22/23


PFL0870W
352

24/25
PFI1475W
1720

19/20


PFC0210C
397

18/19
PF13_0182
1838

26/27


PFI0500W
432

28/29
PF14_0495
2189

20/21


PF11_0069
276

25/26
PF13_0277
2068

22/23


PFD0355C
286

32/33













To alter the conformational dynamics of a starting protein, the following changes in Gibbs Free Energy, shown in Table 3 below, can be considered:










TABLE 3





Amino Acid Substitution
Average Gibbs Free Energy difference


(multiple positions in
between mutant and wild type at core


various proteins)
residues within a protein ΔΔG (kJ/mol)







Val −> Ala
−12.1(±3.3)


Val −> Thr
−11.3(±3.7)


Val −> Asn
−21.5(±1.0)


Leu −> Ala
−14.2(±4.2)









As discussed in Loladze et al (J. Mol. Biol. 320, 343-357 (2002)), the following amino acid substitutions can decrease the thermodynamic stability (e.g., reflected in the Gibbs free energy) and alter the conformational dynamics of a starting protein. For example, Val and Leu (and other larger non-polar amino acid residues) can be substituted with smaller ones such as Ala, Thr, Asn, and/or Gly. In addition, the buried site of Glu in the starting protein, can be substituted with Leu, Val, Asn, Thr, Ser, Ala, and/or Gly. These single site amino acid substitutions are expected to generate peptidogenic proteins with lower stability but a similar conformation to the starting protein.


Alternatively, the conformational dynamics of the starting protein is altered by replacing (a) at least one threonine with a valine, alanine, glycine or serine; or (b) at least one cysteine with alanine, valine, glycine, serine or threonine; or (c) at least one valine with alanine, glycine, leucine or isoleucine; or (d) at least one leucine with alanine, valine, glycine, or isoleucine; or (e) at least one isoleucine with alanine, valine, leucine, or glycine; or (f) at least one proline, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan with alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, or glycine; or (g) at least one aspartic acid or asparagine with glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine; or (h) at least one glutamic acid or glutamine with aspartic acid, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (i) at least one lysine with arginine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, methionine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (j) at least one arginine with lysine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, methionine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (k) at least one histidine with lysine, arginine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, glutamine, asparagine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (l) at least one alanine with a glycine; or (m) at least one residue with a non-natural amino acid; and/or (n) any of the above combinations.


In still further preferred embodiments, the conformational dynamics of the starting protein is altered by replacing: (a) at least one tryptophan with tyrosine, phenylalanine, methionine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (b) at least one tyrosine with phenylalanine, methionine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (c) at least one phenylalanine with tyrosine, methionine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (d) at least one proline with methionine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, alanine, or glycine; or (e) at least one histidine with phenylalanine, tyrosine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine, glycine, lysine, arginine, serine, threonine, asparagine, or glutamine; or (f) at least one methionine with isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (g) at least one isoleucine with leucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (h) at least one leucine with isoleucine, valine, alanine or glycine; or (i) at least one valine with alanine, glycine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (j) at least one cysteine with alanine, valine, glycine, serine or threonine; or (k) at least one aspartic acid with glutamic acid, glutamine, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (l) at least one glutamic acid with aspartic acid, glutamine, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (m) at least one alanine with a glycine or proline; or (n) at least one serine with alanine or glycine; or (o) at least one glycine with alanine or proline; or (p) at least one lysine with arginine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, methionine, leucine or isoleucine; or (q) at least one asparagine with glycine, alanine, serine, threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamine, aspartic acid or glutamic acid; or (r) at least one glutamine with glycine, alanine, serine, threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, or histidine; or (s) at least one arginine with lysine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine valine, methionine, leucine, or isoleucine; or (t) at least one threonine with valine, alanine, glycine or serine; or (u) a hydrophobic residue with a smaller, similar hydrophobic residue; or (v) at least one residue with a non-natural amino acid; or (w) any of the above combinations. A combinatorial approach may be used to determine optimal substitutions to increase immunogenicity.


Example 2: Peptidogenic Proteins of Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor

Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) is an extremely well-characterized small protein, on which there is a substantial body of literature describing its folding, structure, activity, thermodynamic properties, expression properties, and protease specificities (15). Our own lab was the first to express recombinant BPTI and engineer its properties using site-directed mutagenesis (16, 17). Wild type BPTI has three disulfide bonds, cross-linking disulfides 14-38, 30-51, and 5-55; the 14-38 disulfide is on the surface, and the other two disulfides are deeply buried in the hydrophobic core of the protein. Mutations of any one of these disulfides by replacing the two disulfide cysteines with alanine residues destabilizes the BPTI molecule (18). All possible combinations of disulfide bond mutants of BPTI have been made by ourselves and by others, and all are markedly destabilizing. Importantly, where it has been examined, for all combinations of mutants of BPTI that knock out one or two native disulfide bonds, the protein nevertheless maintains a similar three-dimensional structure and trypsin inhibitor activity comparable to wild type BPTI (19-22) Therefore, despite stability differences manifested by Tms ranging from >100° C. to <40° C., the wild type molecule and its disulfide mutants all display similar, if not virtually identical 3D conformational epitopes. For example, at 40° C. the mutant protein would be almost 50% unfolded at body temperature, and at >100° C. (higher than the boiling point of water) the wild type protein is among the most thermostable proteins known.









TABLE 4







Mutants of BPTI that knock out one or more of the native disulfide


bonds or core residues while preserving 3D structure








BPTI variant
Sequence





wild type
RPDFC LEPPY TGPCK ARIIR YFYNA KAGLC QTFVY GGCRA



KRNNF KSAED CMRTC GGA (SEQ ID NO.: 919)





[C14A C38A]
RPDFC LEPPY TGPAK ARIIR YFYNA KAGLC QTFVY GGARA



KRNNF KSAED CMRTC GGA (SEQ ID NO.: 920)





[C14A, C38A],
RPDFC LEPPY TGPAA ARIIR YFYNA KAGLC QTFVY GGARA


K15A
KRNNF KSAED CMRTC GGA (SEQ ID NO.: 921)





[C14A, C38A],
RPDFC LEPPY TGPAA ARIIR YAYNA KAGLC QTFVY GGARA


K15A, F22A
KRNNF KSAED CMRTC GGA (SEQ ID NO.: 922)





[C14A, C38A],
RPDFC LEPPY TGPAA ARIIR YFANA KAGLC QTFVY GGARA


K15A, Y23A
KRNNF KSAED CMRTC GGA (SEQ ID NO.: 923)





[C14A, C38A],
RPDFC LEPPY TGPAA ARIIR YFYNA KAGLC QTFVY GGARA


K15A, N43G
KRGNF KSAED CMRTC GGA (SEQ ID NO.: 924)





[C14A, C38A],
RPDFC LEPPY TGPAA ARIIR YFYNA KAGLC QTFVY GGARA


K15A, F45A
KRNNA KSAED CMRTC GGA (SEQ ID NO.: 925)









For our immunological experiments with BPTI, since we are interested in protease digestion and peptide generation in vivo from the antigen, we will make the BPTI mutants described in Table 4. Mutated residues are underlined, cysteine residues are shown in bold. These consist of wild type BPTI with the surface disulfides 14-38 mutated to alanine, which has been shown to confer increased stability to reducing agents. The BPTI mutants will also be made in the [Lys15→Ala] background. The Lys15-Ala mutation ablates the P1 residue side chain and reduces BPTI's affinity towards trypsin and other proteases by as much as 107-fold, rendering it essentially inactive as a protease inhibitor (23). Additional mutations within the core of the protein (e.g. F22A, Y23A, N43G, F45A) serve to destabilize the protein and alter conformational dynamics to varying degrees while still maintaining a 3D structure comparable to wild type BPTI. This table is intended to be non-limiting with respect to present invention embodiments.


Analogous mutations can be made in the Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein Kunitz inhibitor (APP-KI), which is a human protease inhibitor homologous to BPTI. APP-KI has a relatively low isoelectric point (pI) and so, unlike BPTI, it should be electrostatically nearly neutral in charge at lysosomal pH. Like BPTI, APP-KI has previously been expressed and characterized in terms of folding, activity, and 3D structure, and it has three disulfide bonds precisely homologous to those found in BPTI.


We will express the mutants both with and without flanking tag sequences. Tags we have used to vary solubility include the calmodulin binding peptide (CBP) tag, which is highly soluble, to the TrpLE tag, which is highly insoluble (24). In a particularly favored construct, however, we use a tripartite tag: AviTag-hexaHis-TEV protease cleavage site. This tag confers intermediate solubility, can by biotinylated using the BirA biotin ligase (25), allows binding to a HisTrap column for purification and/or on-column refolding (Campbell and Anderson, in preparation), and can be cleaved off the antigen if necessary. The antigen can be used to immunize animals either without the tag (i.e., after TEV cleavage) or with the tag intact followed by subtractive depletion of anti-tag antibodies (S. Blackshaw and D. Eichinger, personal communication).


Example 3: Preferred Targets of the Present Invention

As used herein a “Target” is a specifically selected protein disclosed in Table 5 that can be modified to have an improved peptidogenicity as described herein. Column 1 lists the SEQ ID NO. corresponding to the sequence provided in the Sequence Listing. Column 2 lists the “Protein Name” of each Target and Column 3 provides the “UniProt Reference Number” which is a unique “cataloging” number (UniProt Reference Numbers provide a mapping of a proteome to a reference genome assembly, e.g., as produced by the Genome Reference Consortium (GRC)) used in the art that provides publicly known and established descriptions of both the function, expression and sequence information for each Target listed in Column 2. This public information (retrieved from the UniProt database (http://www.uniprot.org) on Aug. 10, 2016) including the sequence information corresponding to each Target, is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. The Sequence Listing and Table 5 describes the positions of the specific residues in each target protein where mutations can be made to generate the corresponding peptidogenic proteins along with the specific amino acids that can be substituted at each position. In preferred embodiments, multiple substitutions can be made in each target protein at the recited positions in the Sequence Listing and as shown in Table 5. In further preferred embodiments, at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more of the residues listed in the Sequence Listing and/or Table 5 for each target protein, in any combination, can be changed in the respective starting Target proteins listed in Column 2 using the amino acid specified in the Sequence Listing and/or as described in the last two paragraphs of Example 1. By spreading the mutations over multiple positions and/or target proteins, and by mixing these mutated molecules together, an immunization cocktail can be created.









TABLE 5







TARGETS













Exemplified Sites of Mutations to Generate Peptidogenic Protein


SEQ ID NO.
Protein Name/Strain
UniProt ID No.
(Each position can be substituted alone or in any combination with any of the other listed amino acid positions.)













1
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved into: Hemagglutinin
A4GCL9
V7, I20, C21, I22, A26, V33, V36, V43, L49, L50, L58, C59, L61, L67, L69, C72, I74, A75, W77, L78, L79, C84, L87, W93,



HA1 chain; Hemagglutinin HA2 chain]/strain

Y95, I96, V97, Y108, L118, L122, V125, F128, F134, A151, A152, C153, H155, L165, L166, W167, L168, L178, V190,



A/USA: Phila/1935 H1N1

L191, V192, L193, W194, V196, H197, H198, Y209, Y215, V216, V218, V219, Y223, M244, Y246, Y247, L250, L251,





I257, F259, A261, L265, I266, A267, Y270, A271, F272, A273, L274, F278, I282, I283, C292, C296, A302, I303, H313,





I317, V324, L329, M331, V332, A349, M361, Y366, A388, I389, A440, L452, V459, L462, V466, L470, C481, H486,





C488, C492, M493


2
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin
A8T655
V80, A95, L98, A102, F122, V124, A134, I143



type 9 (EC 3.4.21.—)


3
Plasminogen (EC 3.4.21.7)
B2R7F8
Y193, W209, C234, W244, C245, F246, C257, I259


4
cDNA FLJ60453, highly similar to
B4DEZ9
V80, L98, A102, F122, V124, A134, I143



Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin



type 9 (EC 3.4.21.—)


5
Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase
B4DTR1
V474, I476, A495, I512, C513, V521, L530, V534, L546, L547, W549, C550, I553, A554, M557, L560, L565, V566,



(EC 2.7.10.1)

H567, L570, A571, A572, V575, V577, V583, I585, A591, A614, F623, V629, W630, Y632, V634, V636, L639, M640,





I655, L659, I670, V675, M679, C682, W683, F693, F700, M703, V711


6
Interleukin-4
D4HNR6
L31, I34, L38, C48, C70, A72, A73, L76, C89, H100, L107, L110, L114, A118, L133, F136, L140, M144


7
Cell wall-binding repeat protein/NAP07
D5RWT1
F32, F51, F53, F73, A74, F104, F124, A129, A132, F143, F164, A165, F195, F215, A220, A223, F237


8
Insulin, isoform 2
F8WCM5
L35, A38, L39


9
Fusion glycoprotein F0
G8EJ09
L204, I206, I214, S215, I233, V247, M251, L257, I261, M274, I280, V281, Y299, V301, L303, C313, C333, C343, V349,





F352, V365, F366, C367, C382, A412, I413, V414, C416, C422, A424, V442, V450


10
TcdA
I6YE93
F2585, A2593, F2604, F2625, A2626, F2656, F2676, A2681, A2684, F2698


11
Spike glycoprotein/isolate
K9N5Q8
C30, F40, W44, I48, A53, Y58, Y64, I67, L74, Y85, F101, Y105, F112, V117, I120, A123, A124, I132, Y144, V153, L169,



United Kingdom/H123990006/2012 (HCoV-EMC)

V170, L172, C176, A182, Y184, C185, C195, F232, C237, F239, Y243, W253, F254, I256, V263, L265, M278, F279,





A282, I290, Y292, Y293, I300, A309, A312, F313, Y314, Y316, L318, V329, A336, C339, L347, C349, Y351, F354,





V360, Y361, F366, A368, C383, F404, C407, Y409, L411, L414, L415, L417, V420, F423, C425, A434, C437, Y438, F446,





A461, I464, F467, Y469, C478, A482, Y497, C503, I573, Y577, V584, C585, C603, Y606, V616, F617, C620, V631,





Y632, Y648, Y649, C650, C654, V655, V657, V659, V661, I662, Y663, A671, L673, V677, C679, L697, L707, V711, C713,





V724, C727, L729, L731, L735, C736, A737, V770, I782, F786, I795, V802, C806, V810, C811, C817, L821, Y824,





F827, C828, L835, L893, L894, F895, V898, Y909, C912, L923, C925, V934, L935, Y947, W960, A968, F972, Y978, V989,





L990, I997, F1001, A1004, A1007, F1012, A1018, V1026, A1030, A1032, L1033, L1036, L1040, F1044, A1046, I1047,





A1049, I1054, L1058, A1065, I1067, L1070, I1071, L1075, L1078, A1080, L1086, V1103, C1106, V1107, F1116,





C1117, I1123, V1127, A1130, L1134, F1136, Y1141, L1155, C1156, A1166, Y1171, F1172, W1184, Y1192, I1197,





V1209, Y1211, L1223, L1260, L1262, M1266, L1276, Y1280, I1281, C1320, C1323, C1327


12
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1
O00141
A115, V126, F158, F166, L172, F174, V175, L184, A199, Y202, A203, A204, I206, A207, A209, L210, L223, I228, L230,



(EC 2.7.11.1)

I236, L238, A265, V278, W280, W281, C282, L283, A285, V286, L287, M290, A324, L327, L328, L331, I349, F355,





L363


13
AP-4 complex subunit mu-1
O00189
V187, L189, V191, L195, I199, V210, I214, L216, M226, I228, L230, F234, V250, L270, V281, M282, Y284, L286, F296,





L311, V313, L315, L317, C319, A327, V330, L332, L334, L347, W363, L365, V368, M380, A405, L407, F409, L411,





L419, Y449


14
Toll-like receptor 4
O00206
Y38, C40, L59, L61, L69, F74, F77, L80, L83, L85, C88, I90, I93, A97, Y98, L101, L104, L107, L109, I114, A121, F122,





L125, L128, L131, A133, L141, I146, L149, L152, L155, V157, A158, I162, F165, L167, F171, L174, L177, L180, L182,





I187, I190, L195, V197, L198, L203, L206, L208, L210, M215, I218, A222, F223, I226, L228, L231, L233, M243, C246,





I247, L253, V255, L258, L260, F272, A276, L277, L280, F288, L290, Y296, L297, I300, L303, F304, L307, V310, F313,





L315, V318, I320, V323, F326, F330, W332, L335, L337, C340, F342, L348, L350, L353, L356, F358, G363, L372, L375,





L378, L380, L385, F387, C390, C391, F396, L401, L404, L406, I412, M414, F418, L421, L424, L427, F429, M437, V442,





F443, L446, L449, I450, L452, I454, V461, I466, F467, L470, L473, L476, M478, F483, L488, F492, L495, L498, L501,





L503, C506, L508, A515, F516, L519, L522, V524, L525, M527, F532, F533, L535, Y540, L543, L546, L549, Y551, I556,





L571, L574, L576, F581, F590, L591, I594, L600, M607, V620


15
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily
O00220
C132



member 10A


16
Agouti-related protein
O00253
C94, C119


17
Tubby-related protein 1
O00294
V295, C307, L309, L326, L337, I352, I367, L370, V381, F382, L403, A404, A405, V406, V423, I424, I425, I437, L446,





L461, I493, V503, L504, F506, F514, L516, Y518, L522, C523, A524, L525, A527, F528, A529, I530, A531, L532, L539


18
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily
O00300
C41, C44, C65, C124



member 11B


19
Krev interaction trapped protein 1
O00522
A10, V12, A13, V14, I15, Y28, Y33, I35, L36, L37, L54, I68, V72, A108, L110, I112, V113, L135, L152, M156, L157,





L160, L164, I174, L292, H293, A296, L304, A323, I325, H326, A328, C329, A336, L340, C346, A362, A363, I370, V371,





L374, C396, A407, I424, V434, V444, I447, I463, I465, W487, L491, L508, I522, A527, I528, I530, L531, A535, L539,





A546, L551, I552, L554, A555, L557, L558, L559, H571, I584, V585, L590, A594, I601, Y605, L621, F625, L626, C629,





I632, V658, V660, V662, L667, H668, L669, L670, F697, I699, V710, A715, V718, L722, L725


20
C-C motif chemokine 21
O00585
L63, F64, C75, A76, V83


21
Lysosomal alpha-mannosidase
O00754
A241, Y306


22
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase T
O14522
F74, M75, V77, A88, L90, L92, H101, F105, L120, V122, V124, V135, A149, L151, A152, I153, Y161, V163, F165, I177,





A178, V179, V184, F211, C213, L227, A250, V252, Y265, C267, V268, I269, V277, A281, L305, I307, V325, I358, L362,





L403, L405, C417, V424, L449, I458, L460, L462, L464, I502, I504, Y519, I521, F553, Y562, F564, I566, A568, V578


23
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily
O14763
C81, C139



member 10B


24
Tripeptidyl-peptidase 1
O14773
L49, F51, A52, L61, V65, L80, L82, V85, A86, V89, V99, A105, F119, C122, L124, I126, A129, L133, F138, V150, Y157,





L159, V167, F169, V170, L173, V200, Y209, A226, C227, A228, F230, L240, F243, V277, Y279, L280, M281, A283,





A285, I287, F304, L305, W307, L308, V320, H321, V323, Y336, I337, V340, L344, A347, A348, A349, L355, F356, A363,





F378, A380, V385, V388, F397, V404, V426, A448, V452, A453, A454, L455, Y459, V461, V462, V471, A476, V480,





F481, I484, L485, L487, I488, V518, H523, C526, F536, V545, L556, L560


25
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily
O14788
L168, I170, L184, L206, V208, Y214, L216, A218, I220, F222, L238, V240, V242, L283, I289, I291, V293, A310



member 11


26
Growth/differentiation factor 8
O14793
C281, C282, C372, C374


27
Ras-related protein M-Ras
O14807
L11, Y14, L16, V17, V18, V19, V24, L29, F33, V39, I56, A61, I62, L63, V65, L66, A69, M77, M82, F88, L89, I90, V91, Y92,





V94, V103, F106, I110, V113, F119, M121, I122, L123, V124, A125, I136, A145, A157, V164, A167, F168, L171, V172


28
Tumor necrosis factor
O14836
C89, C100, A101



receptor superfamily member 13B


29
Interferon regulatory factor 6
O14896
W449


30
Natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3
O14931
A35, L37, C39, A49, F56, H89, A91, I95, V98, I105, Y106, C108, V110, V112, L125


31
Peripheral plasma membrane protein CASK
O14936
F8, C15, V26, C29, V40, V45, F48, L59, L69, I74, L77, L87, M89, V90, F91, L99, C100, I103, Y113, A118, M122, I125,





L126, A128, L129, C132, I137, I138, H139, V142, C146, V147, L148, L149, V158, L160, A166, A187, V191, V202,





W203, C205, V207, I208, L209, F210, I211, L212, L213, F227, I230, W242, A249, L252, V253, M256, V267, A270,





W275, L276, L295, A310, V312


32
Cyclin-G-associated kinase
O14976
L40, V42, A57, L68, L71, I82, L92, I98, I107, L122, L130, C145, V148, L149, I151, F152, C156, A158, V159, M162,



(EC 2.7.11.1)

H171, L179, L181, I187, L189, F192, I198, I246, L249, L253, L256, F288, I292, M295, V309, L313, A317, I328,





F525, V640


33
Synapsin-3
O14994
L94, L95, V96, I97, W104, F126, C139, V141, I162, L163, V164, V181, V192, L211, F223, V226, V246, V247, V261,





F267, V273, V274, A281, I295, A304, Y305, W335, V336, C339, I348, C349, A350, V351, A353, I363, M371, M385,





A386, V389


34
Spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 2
015020
F63, W66, V67, L71, L81, L85, L91, L92, L94, L95, V119, A122, L123, L126, L133, I141, V142, L152, V153, I156, I157,





I162, I165, L182, C186, V198, F201, W205, A210, F211, A213, I214, V215, L228, H234, L237, A240, F241, A244, L253,





L254, V259, I269, I270, Y272, V273, A274, Y276, Y277, L2225, A2238, V2246, C2248, L2250, L2255, F2257, L2278,





V2295, F2296, L2298, F2308, A2310, W2319, V2323, A2326


35
Niemann-Pick C1 protein
O15118
W27, V59, C63, L73, C74, C75, L80, L94, C97, C100, L104, L107, C113, L121, V141, L144, Y146, V148, F152, A153,





M156, A159, C160, V163, A172, L173, C177, W189, I190, F194, C227, C243, L408, I410, F431, L435, V443, L444, L446,





I450, V462, L464, I467, C479, I481, V484, L485, Y487, F488, L495, A507, H510, H512, C516, C533, V541, L545,





V546, L547, A558, L561, I563, F565, V567, A580, W583, F587, L649, L656, A659, L720, L724, V727, F763, A1035,





F1100, A1124, M1138, M1228


36
Laminin subunit alpha-5
O15230
L273


37
Phosphomannomutase 2
O15305
L8, C9, L10, F11, L17, M28, F31, L32, L35, I41, V43, V44, V52, L56, V60, Y64, V67, F68, L73, A75, I87, L99, C103,





M126, L127, V129, I132, F144, F157, L161, I178, F180, V182, C192, L193, V196, F206, F207, I220, C241


38
Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-
O15357
A31, L34, L35, F44, L45, V46, A55, L58, C59, V60, I71, V81, V87, L98, I99, Y102, L113, V117, I424, V426, F427, I428,



trisphosphate 5-phosphatase

W431, I466, V468, F469, L489, I508, V510, A511, V512, L513, V514, A543, V544, V546, F548, F550, F555, F557, C560,



2 (EC 3.1.3.86)

H601, F603, F605, L608, Y610, I619, L631, L637, V646, F657, W688, C689, I692, L693, Y707, C709, I713, V721, F722,





V727, M1201, L1205, L1217, L1228, L1236, V1241, L1250


39
Eukaryotic translation
O15372
V36, V39, V45, L67, I78



initiation factor 3 subunit H


40
Neural cell adhesion molecule 2
O15394
L32, F40, C42, A44, W53, L78, I80, A83, C93, A95, V107, A132, V134, C136, I173, I176, Y184, C186, V190, I201, V203,





V205, A220, A222, F230, C232, W244, L266, V268, I271, Y279, C281, A283, A294, L296, I304, L320, C322, W334,





F343, I354, L365, I367, V370, Y378, C380, A382, M393, I418, I420, C422, V424, W434, L460, I462, Y473, C475, A477,





Y488, A493, A512, V514, F516, Y530, V532, L556, I567, V569, A570, A571, L611, I613, A621, V628, L653, L656,





V664, I666, A668


41
Toll-like receptor 3
O15455
A35, C37, I53, L56, L58, L63, L66, F71, Y74, L77, L80, V82, I87, L98, L101, V103, L104, L106, L111, F119, L125, L128,





L130, I135, F143, L149, L152, L154, L164, L170, L173, L176, L178, I183, L186, L191, I193, F194, L199, L202, L204,





I209, C216, F217, L223, L226, L228, V231, L241, C242, L245, I250, L253, L255, L260, F268, L269, L271, L276, L279,





L281, L286, V289, F294, L297, L300, F303, L305, I310, L313, L318, L321, V324, L327, L329, F351, L354, L357, L360,





M362, F375, L378, L381, L384, L386, L396, F401, L404, L409, H410, L412, L414, I419, I422, A426, F427, L430, L433,





L436, L438, L440, I443, L447, W452, L455, I458, I461, L463, L469, L471, F476, V479, L482, L485, L487, V490,





L492, V495, F502, L505, L508, L511, L513, I521, M525, L526, L529, L532, L535, L537, L542, L545, W546, F557, L558,





L561, L564, L567, L569, F574, F582, L585, L588, I591, L593, L595, L598, L601, F606, L612, L615, L617, I622, V625,





A633, F634, L640, M642, F647, I654, F657, Y675, V688


42
Fibroblast growth factor 10
O15520
L82, L90, I92, L111, I113, V123, A125, L132, A133, M134, C150, L152, Y164, M176, V178, A179, L180, A199, F201


43
Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein
O43155
I75, L100, I121, L129, L132, L135, L138, L140, I159, L161, L163, L164, L166, L185, A193, L203, L206, L209, V211,



FLRT2

L215, L216, F235, I237, L254, L257, L259, L278, L281, L288, L291, F296, L299, L305, I318, L325


44
Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 2
O43291
C84, C133, C179


45
Desert hedgehog protein
O43323
A59, V67, A95, M99, C103, V107, L110, A111, V114, L123, V125, W129, L140, H141, A146, L147, I149, Y159, L161,





L162, A163, A166, V174, V182, V184, V186, A188, V194


46
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, delta-2
O43424
V445, V446, F453, V454, F470, V474, L475, L478, A491, L508, V509, A517, I519, I521, L524, V534, V547, L548, L549,





L562, L671, Y679, M708, I712, V732, A738, F739, V740, V745, L746, F758, Y770, I772, A773, L774, F784, I788, M797


47
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily
O43557
A96, L98, L112, A132, L133, V135, Y141, I143, V147, L149, I162, H164, L166, L180, V215, V216, V217, L224, F235



member 14


48
Carbonic anhydrase 12 (EC 4.2.1.1)
O43570
W43, I58, L60, Y79, L89, V96, L98, M104, I106, L118, L120, H121, W122, H133, A142, L144, H145, I146, H148, A160,





A168, L170, A171, V172, L173, I174, Y183, I186, L190, V193, V202, I207, L210, C230, V234, W236, V238, F239,





I245, L250, L251, L253, A256, L257, M270, V285


49
Alpha-actinin-4
O43707
F56, W59, C60, L64, F78, L82, L84, L87, L88, V112, A115, L116, I119, L126, A131, I134, V135, L143, M145, I146, I149,





I150, A154, I155, I158, L169, C173, V185, F188, W192, A197, F198, A200, L201, I202, L215, V221, L224, A227, F228,





A231, M240, A243, I246, A256, I257, M258, Y260, V261, F264, Y265, A274, A415, F418, A422, L436, I449, I473,





L480, V491, I498, L505, L516, H530, Y533, A537, M544, I563, L577, I587, A594, L605, I619, V626, L637, M679, I719,





I743, M815, I880


50
EGF-like repeat and discoidin I-like domain-
O43854
C59, C116, C154, M325, W351, A356, A366, W367, L378, V380, V388, I391, A396, V405, Y408, L410, A411, Y422,



containing protein 3

A453, I456, I458, I467, L469, L473


51
Tolloid-like protein 1 (EC 3.4.24.—)
O43897
A148, A149, W157, I162, F178, A181, W185, V191, I203, F205, I226, V238, V239, L242, V245, I246, F248, H250,





H252, V261, I268, F276, I296, M297, H298, I313, A340


52
Peroxisome biogenesis factor 1
O43933
V19, V108, I155


53
Kalirin (EC 2.7.11.1)
O60229
L2148


54
Cubilin (460 kDa receptor)
O60494
Y952, I962, I970, L1020, F1024, I1037, Y1068, C1074, Y1076, I1086, L1095, L1107, I1109, F1143, F1154, A1156,





C1191, W1193, L1195, A1202, F1203, M1255, F1270, A1272, V1281, L1291, C1306, W1308, V1318, V1368, L1370, F1382


55
Gremlin-1
O60565
C178


56
Toll-like receptor 5
O60602
L72, L75, L94, L97, A114, L121, L124, L144, L147, I157, L169, I175, F177, I182, L190, L314, L317, L338, L341,





L359, V362, I365, A425, V447, L450, L475, V497, L507, L531, L553, I555


57
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 9
O60706
M702, I703, V704, C709, L714, L715, A717, I718


58
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel
O60840
A252, A700, I707, A1015, V1082, A1095, Y1120, A1372, M1389



subunit alpha-1F


59
Matrix metalloproteinase-20
O60882
L45, Y49, L75, L81, L122, I126, V138, A141, V142, A145, L146, A148, W149, V153, L155, A165, I167, I169, F171,





A190, F193, F205, W211, L220, F221, V223, A224, A225, F228, A231, L232, L234, A242, L243, M244, Y245, Y250,





L258, V263, I266, L269


60
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related
O75197
L35, L36, F37, A38, V43, L62, A65, A67, V68, V77, Y78, W79, V82, A86, I87, L113, L122, Y123, W124, I132, V134,



protein 5

M165, Y166, W167, I176, A179, M181, V190, A212, I219, A242, L250, W252, I260, H261, I284, V286, L309, L311,





L312, C321, C323, L344, L345, L346, A347, I355, L357, A375, Y388, W389, A396, I397, L430, Y431, W432, I440, V442,





M473, Y474, W475, I484, A487, L489, L517, W519, I530, L545, I568, L588, M589, C605, L615, C616, F617, C627,





I1274, C1323


61
Core histone macro-H2A.1
O75367
A19, F23, V25, M28, I32, H36, V43, A45, V47, Y48, M49, A50, A51, V52, L53, L56, I60, L61, A64, A67, A68, V76, H80,





I81, L83, V85, L91, V98, A101, L197, L199, I200, I204, L207, A208, F210, A214, I215, I216, I223, L233, F241, V245,





L255, A258, A270, V273, I274, H275, C276, L290, V294, C297, L298, A301, I309, A310, F311, I314, A326, A327, I330,





L331, A333, I334, F338, I346, V349, F351, Y362, M366


62
Filamin-B
O75369
F22, C26, L30, I37, L40, L44, L50, I51, L53, L54, V80, V82, A83, L84, F86, L87, I92, I102, I110, L111, L113, V114,





L117, I118, I123, L145, W148, I149, I153, F161, W165, A170, L171, A173, L174, V175, A179, C183, A198, A201, M202,





A205, L209, V211, V214, I215, I220, V230, M231, Y233, L234, F237, A257, A275, V279, A284, V291, V317, H327, V329,





V331, F333, I338, V345, V1043, F1061, I1063, A1068, V1097, Y1099, Y1107, V1109, I1111, I1118, A1125, I1127,





V1136, A1138, V1156, A1161, A1170, V1192, Y1194, Y1202, L1204, M1206, Y1208, V1220, I1231, V1243, F1251,





V1253, I1270, Y1290, V1292, Y1294, H1302, V1304, V1306, V1320, V1331, A1341, F1349, V1351, A1356, A1385,





Y1387, Y1395, V1397, I1399, I1406, V1413, V1424, V1435, V1445, A1450, V1459, V1481, V1493, V1495, Y1497,





I1502, V1509, V1511, V1520, V1532, A1534, F1540, I1542, A1544, A1547, I1556, V1578, Y1580, Y1588, I1590,





V1592, Y1594, I1599, I1606, A1608, A1614, C1617, F1636, V1638, A1643, V1648, V1652, I1674, A1678, Y1684,





I1686, V1688, I1695, V1702, A1704, V1755, V1764, V1784, V1786, H1796, M1798, I1800, I1807, V1824, F1842,





I1844, V1878, Y1880, Y1888, I1890, V1892, A1906, I1908, I1964, F1966, H1974, V1976, I1978, V1994, A2002,





A2005, F2023, V2025, V2059, Y2061, Y2069, V2071, F2075, V2087, I2089, V2133, H2153, V2155, H2165, V2167,





V2169, V2185, V2196, F2214, I2216, V2250, Y2252, A2254, Y2260, V2262, I2264, I2271, V2278, V2280, I2281,





A2287, L2290, L2300, I2310, L2312, A2315, I2319, V2323, V2345, H2355, I2357, V2359, F2361, V2373, V2387,





L2394, F2405, I2407, A2412, V2440, Y2442, Y2450, I2452, V2454, Y2456, I2462, A2469, A2512, V2515, A2525,





V2535, C2537, V2571, V2575, V2585, W2587, I2592, V2599


63
Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein
O75436
F42, V48, V52, H65, I68, I70, F72, V73, I76, L101, F111, V114, V126, L128, Y130, F131, L132, V134, V151, M166,



26A

L174, I176, F178, Y180, Y185, I191, I195, M207, L209, L211, A231, I246, I248, L250, L252, F268, V270, Y272, L274,





L276, L278, I292


64
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related
O75581
L23, L24, Y25, A26, L31, V34, V47, L50, A53, A55, V56, F58, V59, I65, Y66, W67, V70, A74, I75, V90, V91, L94, L100,



protein 6

C102, L109, Y110, W111, I119, V121, L128, M152, Y153, W154, I163, A166, M168, I177, L189, L196, Y197, W198,





A199, I206, A218, V219, L224, A229, L232, L237, Y238, W239, I247, L248, A249, C250, I271, A273, L296, C297,





L298, M299, C308, C310, L317, L331, L332, L333, A334, L339, I342, L344, A362, Y375, W376, A383, I384, A414, L417,





Y418, W419, I427, V429, L453, M460, Y461, W462, I471, A474, A475, L476, V485, A496, I504, W506, M517, I532,





W547, I555, L575, M576, C592, L602, C603, L604, C614, L634, L635, F636, I642, I645, A664, A666, I676, Y677, I686,





A689, V700, V712, L719, Y720, W721, A722, I729, V731, L755, M762, W764, I773, A776, A777, M778, V787, A793,





I798, L805, W807, I815, A829, L832, I845, W847, I855, A858, I869, V876, V881, C893, L903, C904, A906, L936, L937,





F938, I944, L959, V967, A969, L979, Y980, W981, I982, I989, A992, Y1027, I1028, Y1029, C1032, I1038, V1040,





V1051, L1052, A1061, V1062, M1071, Y1072, F1073, I1083, A1086, A1087, L1088, L1116, F1117, W1118, A1119,





I1126, L1157, W1159, I1160, I1167, L1188, C1207, I1217, C1218, L1219, C1313


65
Oral-facial-digital syndrome 1 protein
O75665
M834, H851, V852, A854, A858


66
Protein XRP2
O75695
V57, F62, I64, C67, C70, I72, I74, F75, V81, I83, C86, C89, I91, F92, L93, V96, V100, F102, C105, C108, C110, L112,





A113, C114, F117, V119, C122, L125, V127, L129, C131, I137, I143, F145, F148, W150, Y152, L155, F157, F159, A162,





F167, W171, L189, V195, V199, L207, V221, C236, L237, V238, V239, A248, A250, L253, M257, V270, A277, V280,





A285, V297, A299, L300, F302, A307, V308, C311, A333, F340, A344


67
Gap junction beta-3 protein
O75712
L25, A39, W44, F51, C60, C64, W77, V84, I92, L135, L149, C164, V167, C176, M191, C198


68
Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]
O75874
V10, V11, M13, M18, I21, I22, W23, L25, I26, L30, I31, V35, L39, L44, I46, A60, A61, A63, I64, V69, V71, C73, A74, I76,



cytoplasmic

I99, I102, V107, F108, I112, I113, C114, I117, W124, I128, I129, I130, H133, A134, A179, I189, F192, A193, F197,





M199, A200, L207, L209, F223, I226, F227, F239, I244, M254, A258, F265, I266, W267, A268, C269, V281, A282, Y285,





M290, M291, L295, V296, C297, V303, A305, A307, A308, I330, A331, I333, F334, A335, W336, L340, A344, L352,





A353, F355, A356, A358, L359, V362, I367, F371, M372, L376, A377, A378, F397, M398, L401, L405


69
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily
O75888
L219, L225



member 13


70
Dysferlin
O75923
L2, V86


71
Multiple PDZ domain protein
O75970
M129, A130, F138, L140, I165, V167, A176, I188, L189, A190, I191, L196, A205, V216, L218, V219, I220, A221, I258,





L260, V279, A290, I302, L303, I305, L310, V318, V329, L331, I333, A334, V378, L380, I405, V407, A415, V416, I422,





I428, V431, L436, A444, V455, L457, L459, L703, I728, I730, I738, A739, L745, L751, V754, L759, A767, A774, V779,





I781, V783, V1152, L1154, L1162, I1185, I1187, A1196, L1202, I1208, V1209, V1211, L1216, A1219, A1224, V1235,





F1237, V1239, I1337, L1353, A1365, V1375, F1376, I1377, A1386, L1398, L1399, I1401, L1406, A1414, A1421,





V1425, I1427, I1428, F1429, I1430, A1435, I1630, I1632, I1654, I1656, A1664, A1665, I1677, V1680, L1685, A1693,





V1704, L1706, L1708, I1726, L1728, V1749, A1760, I1772, V1788, V1799, V1803, I1890, I1892, A1901, I1916, A1929,





I1940, M1942, V1944, I1988, L1990, L1997, I2014, V2016, A2025, I2037, V2040, L2045, A2053, L2057, V2064,





L2066, V2068


72
Nebulette
O76041
A961, F975, I981, V996, L1005


73
Bestrophin-1
O76090
V90, V158, F248


74
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 10
O94804
A53, A62, A64, I82, I84, A86, C88, I93, V94, L106, I108, M109, V118, I121, M122, L125, L129, I134, V136, V137, C138,



(EC 2.7.11.1)

M141, L142, A144, L145, L148, H155, L158, A160, V163, L164, M165, L167, I171, L173, F176, V178, A180, A200, A218,





I220, L223, L227, I228, M230, V245, L246, I249, F267, F270, A274, L275, A285, L288, F293, V294, L303, L306, V307


75
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily
O95150
A97, L99, L117, M132, L139, I141, Y147, I149, V153, F155, A168, I177, V179, V180, I181, I212, L220, L226, V228,



member 15

V230, V236, F245, F246, A248


76
Interleukin-18 receptor accessory protein
O95256
L165, I173, C175, W191, C221, A236, V238, C273, A275, F277, W289, V326, F335, C337, V339, V350, L352


77
Bile salt export pump (ATP- binding cassette
O95342
A452, L453, V454, A464, L467, I468



sub-family B member 11)


78
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily
O95407
C49, C52, C91, C132



member 6B


79
Apolipoprotein M
O95445
F49, I50, A51, A53, A54, I69, V70, L145, L146


80
Gap junction beta-6 protein
O95452
I25, A39, W44, F51, C60, C64, H73, W77, V84, A92, I140, F154, C169, I171, C180, M195, C202


81
Follistatin-related protein 3
O95633
V37, W39, A70, V134, C135, C146, L148, L159, C195, C211


82
Interleukin-33
O95760
A124, L126, I134, V159, L160, L161, M183, V184, L186, L194, A196, V203, A216, F217, F218, V219, C227, F230,





C232, I240, L247, A248, F265


83
EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular
O95967
C71, C109, C162, C241, C281



matrix protein 2


84
Cytochrome b5
P00167
I17, L28, I29, L30, V34, L41, L51, A55, L84


85
L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain
P00338
I23, V25, V26, V28, A34, C35, A36, I39, L40, M41, A45, L48, A49, L50, V51, L58, L91, V92, I93, I94, L109, V110, V114,





F117, F119, I120, I121, V124, C131, L133, L134, I135, V136, V140, I142, L143, V146, A147, V158, I159, C163, F170,





M174, C185, V189, L190, V198, V200, M204, V206, L218, V230, V234, V256, A257, L259, A260, I263, V273, I277,





I283, V287, F288, L289, V291, C293, L295, L316, A320, L323


86
NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3
P00387
L45, L47, F60, F62, L71, L73, I79, L81, V106, L108, V109, I110, M127, L131, F142, L149, F157, V175, M177, I178,





A179, I184, M187, L188, V190, I191, I194, C204, L206, L207, F208, I216, L217, L218, L222, F233, Y237, L239, I258,





L270, V271, L272, M273, C284, L288


87
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2
P00403
I83, I97, W106, Y108, V142, L144, I150, M152, I154, H161, W163, A164, V165, L168, A174, F184, M207, I209, V210,





L211


88
Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase
P00439
A34, I35, L37, F39, V51, F55, F79, F80, L83, L91, I94, L98, A104, L109, W120, I125, L128, F131, A132, A165, W187,





V190, F191, L194, A202, C203, Y206, L213, F219, I224, L227, V230, F233, L234, F240, L255, L258, A259, F260, V262,





F263, C265, Y268, I269, I283, C284, L287, L288, H290, V291, L293, F294, F299, A300, F302, I306, A309, L311, A313,





I318, L321, A322, I324, F327, V329, L333, I340, A342, Y343, A345, L347, L348, L354, C357, A373, L385, Y386, Y387,





A389, A395, V399, F402, A403, I406, F410, I421, L424, I432, A434


89
Superoxide dismutase
P00441
A5, C7, L9, V15, I18, I19, F21, V30, V32, I36, L39, H44, F46, H47, V48, H49, A61, H64, H72, H81, V82, L85, V88, A90,



[Cu—Zn] (EC 1.15.1.1)

A96, V98, V104, I105, L107, I113, I114, L118, V119, V120, H121, A141, A146, C147, I150


90
Coagulation factor VIII
P00451
L26, A28, L90, L91, I95, I105, L107, V115, L117, A119, A131, V147, Y155, W157, Y177, L191, I192, A194, L196, V197,





C198, L217, F218, A219, F221, H251, V253, Y256, V272, W274, V276, I277, I288, F295, I307, A315, L319, C329,





M339, A341, V343, V345, I405, A406, A407, Y414, A415, L431, Y442, V445, F447, I467, L472, L480, I482, F484, Y492,





I494, L517, Y530, W532, Y552, L566, I567, L570, L571, I572, C573, L594, F595, F598, Y605, M633, I636, V640,





V648, W656, I658, V670, F677, L689, V697, M699, M701, L709, C711, M721, A723, L725, I1719, A1720, A1721, V1752,





V1753, F1754, H1774, L1775, L1777, L1778, I1782, A1784, I1790, V1792, F1794, Y1802, F1804, V1826, W1836,





V1838, M1842, C1851, A1853, Y1856, H1867, L1870, I1871, L1874, L1875, V1876, C1877, V1892, F1895, A1896,





L1897, F1899, F1902, F1937, H1938, A1939, I1940, L1948, L1951, M1953, A1954, I1959, W1961, Y1962, L1963,





L1964, H1973, I1975, F1977, F1982, L1997, V2005, V2017, C2019, M2029, F2033, V2035, M2046, A2066, A2070,





A2080, W2081, I2099, I2100, H2101, A2108, I2117, F2120, I2122, Y2124, Y2134, F2145, I2163, I2164, A2165,





L2181, L2185, M2186, C2188, C2193, M2199, I2209, A2220, W2222, A2227, A2237, W2238, L2249, V2251, F2253,





V2259, V2262, V2267, M2274, V2276, F2279, I2281, F2302, L2316, L2325, I2327, I2336, A2337, L2338, M2340,





V2342, A2347


91
Coagulation factor XIII A chain
P00488
L46, H65, Y70, L75, I76, V77, F83, V85, I87, F89, F100, V102, Y104, V105, I106, V120, A133, V136, V143, L145, I147,





V155, F158, Y161, V162, A163, Y182, I183, L184, F185, V194, L196, Y205, V206, I213, F214, W226, I235, C239,





V242, M243, L250, V259, M266, V275, L276, A292, W293, I299, Y303, V310, C315, W316, V317, F318, A319, V321, F322,





L326, C328, L329, I331, A333, V336, Y339, A342, L349, I353, L355, Y373, H374, C375, W376, A379, M381, F390,





A395, V396, C410, A413, A417, I418, H420, H422, A429, V432, F433, A434, V436, L440, I441, Y442, I461, I465, V466,





Y482, L493, A498, V519, M521, F523, F534, L536, I538, F540, I550, A552, Y553, L554, A556, I558, Y561, V576,





L578, I590, Y595, L605, H606, F607, F608, V609, A611, I613, V619, L620, L628, V642, M647, V649, V651, F653,





L661, V664, V666, L668, I684, C696, L706, I707, A708, M710, L715, H717, V718, V724


92
Hypoxanthine-guanine
P00492
V35, I37, I42, L49, A50, V53, M57, I62, V63, A64, L65, C66, L68, F74, F75, L78, L79, I82, I93, I100, L125, V130, L131,



phosphoribosyltransferase

I132, V133, I137, M143, L146, L149, V150, V160, A161, L163, L164, F181, I183, V188, V189, Y191, A192, F199,





L202, V205, C206, V207


93
Tyrosine-protein kinase
P00519
L88, C100, A102, V111, W127, A137, L141, F149, L150, V151, I163, L165, A179, L198, V199, H202, L213, A217, I242,



ABLI (EC 2.7.10.2)

V268, V270, F283, L284, A287, V289, M290, I293, L298, L301, V304, C305, Y312, I313, I314, L323, L327, V335,





V339, L340, M343, A344, I347, A350, M351, L354, I360, H361, L364, A365, A366, C369, V371, V377, V379, F382,





L384, F401, A407, L411, V422, W423, F425, V427, L428, L429, Y440, V448, L452, M458, C464, M472, C475, W476,





F486, I489, F493


94
Epidermal growth factor
P00533
L41, F55, C58, V61, L65, I67, V70, L79, I82, V85, Y88, V89, L90, I91, A92, V96, I99, L101, L104, I106, I107, A118,



receptor (EC 2.7.10.1)

L119, A120, V121, L132, L135, M137, L140, I143, A147, V148, F150, L156, V159, I167, V168, C199, W200, C223, C236,





A237, A238, C240, C260, V300, V301, C326, C337, I340, F345, I351, I356, F359, C362, I365, L369, I371, V374, A375,





L392, L395, V398, I401, L405, L406, I407, L417, A419, F420, L423, I426, L438, A439, V440, V441, L443, I445, L448,





L450, L453, I456, V461, I463, L469, C470, Y471, A472, I475, L480, C499, C510, C515, W516, C571, C624


95
Adenylate kinase
P00568
L5, I10, F12, V13, V14, C25, I28, I60, L73, L76, M80, F90, L91, I92, Y95, F105, I109, L114, L115, L116, V118, M125,



isoenzyme 1

I146, V160, Y164, V173, V186


96
Prothrombin (EC 3.4.21.5)
P00734
Y87, C90, A93, L100, C103, A109, Y116, C129, C157, W168, C169, Y170, C181, I183, A242, C262, V272, W273, C274,





Y285, C286, V295, F324, F329, C336, L355, I364, V365, A370, M374, W377, V379, M380, L381, F382, L390, C391,





A393, L395, I396, W400, V401, L402, A404, A405, H406, C407, L408, L409, L422, L423, V424, I426, L444, H450, I463,





A464, L465, M466, L468, V472, I478, H479, V481, C482, L483, A489, L492, L493, A495, V501, W504, L507, L523,





V525, V526, L528, I530, V531, C536, I544, M548, F549, C550, A551, A563, C564, F572, V573, M574, W582, M585,





I587, V588, C594, Y600, F602, Y603, H605, V606, F607, L609, W612, I613, V616, I617


97
Coagulation factor IX (EC
P00740
C128, V132, V227, A233, V242, V243, L244, I256, V257, I262, V263, A265, A266, I275, V277, V278, A279, I316,



3.4.21.22)

A317, L318, L319, L321, V331, V353, W356, L369, V374, C382, F395, C396, A397, H415, V416, L425, I428, I443,





Y444, V447, Y450, V451, I454


98
Coagulation factor X (EC
P00742
C121, C136, I235, V236, C241, C246, A250, L251, L252, I253, C261, I265, L266, I271, L272, A274, A275, C277,



3.4.21.6)

V286, V288, V302, I309, H311, I323, A324, V325, L326, L328, V338, A341, C342, A349, L353, G359, V361, F364,





L377, M379, L380, V382, C390, L392, M402, C404, A405, H423, V424, F432, V433, I436, A444, I451, Y452, V455,





F458, W461, I462


99
Complement factor D (EC
P00746
I26, L27, M40, A41, V43, C51, V54, L55, V61, L62, A64, C67, V78, L80, L115, L116, L117, L118, L120, L126, L133,



3.4.21.46)

C148, V150, A151, W153, V169, L171, C179, I189, L193, C195, A196, C204, L212, L218, V221, V222, C229, Y238,





V241, I248


100
Plasminogen (EC 3.4.21.7)
P00747
A31, C49, C53, C61, A63, F64, C73, M76, Y111, W127, C152, W163, C164, Y165, C176, I178, M186, Y193, W209,



[Cleaved into: Plasmin

H217, Y219, C234, W244, C245, F246, C257, I259, Y283, C296, W299, L319, C324, W334, C335, H336, C347, I349,



heavy chain A; Activation

Y385, C398, W401, H407, H409, L421, C426, W436, C437, F438, C449, L451, Y489, C502, W505, H513, C531, W542,



peptide; Angiostatin;

C543, Y544, C555, V557, C577, V581, W594, V596, L598, C607, L611, V617, L618, A620, C623, Y633, V635, I636,



Plasmin heavy chain A,

L637, V654, I666, A667, L668, L669, L671, V681, I682, A684, C685, C699, I701, W704, L716, A719, L721, V723,



short form; Plasmin light

C729, L735, L744, C745, A746, H748, L764, V765, C766, Y772, L774, V777, A785, V792, Y793, V794, V796, F799,



chain B]

V800, I803


101
Coagulation factor XII (EC
P00748
C135, V158, C161, C163, C209, A388, A389, A398, L401, L408, A410, A411, L414, V425, L427, L462, A463, L464,



3.4.21.38)

L465, L467, V482, C500, A503, W505, C532, C548, A549, L567, V568, C569, L580, I583, V598, V602, I609


102
Complement factor B (EC
P00751
L58, A96, C103, Y121, I127, C145, C158, C165, V177, V187, C205, M223, V230, A231, F234, L235, I242, M269, I271,



3.4.21.47)

Y272, L273, V274, L275, I281, F286, A289, C292, L293, I297, V300, Y309, L311, V312, Y314, A315, V322, V324,





V335, L339, I342, A358, L359, V362, V383, I384, I385, L386, M387, L391, V401, I405, L409, I411, Y426, V427, F428,





V430, I439, A443, H451, F453, V455, M458, L461, V464, F465, M468, V481, W495, A497, I499, V501, C511, M512,





A514, V515, V516, F520, V521, L522, A524, A525, C527, F528, V530, V539, V541, I569, V577, A578, L579, I580,





L582, C596, C599, A606, L607, L622, I628, A630, L631, F632, V633, V645, I647, C656, A660, A663, V669, V675, V676,





F680, L681, C682, C695, L703, I704, V705, F711, I712, V714, V716, V721, A738, F741, H742, I743, L745, V748,





L752, L756, L761, L764


103
Renin (EC 3.4.23.15)
P00797
I90, I92, F99, V101, V102, F103, V110, W111, V112, C117, A123, C124, F130, V154, I162, I163, V165, V170, M173,





F174, M180, V193, V194, M196, F198, I209, F210, I213, V218, V223, F224, F226, Y227, Y228, I242, I262, V266,





W267, I269, M271, V274, L288, A289, V291, I298, I305, L308, M309, V322, V323, C325, L331, I334, F336, L338, Y343,





L345, Y350, F352, C362, L364, A365, I366, A380, L381, A383, F385, I386, Y390, F393, I400, F402, A403


104
Carbonic anhydrase 2 (EC
P00918
W16, V31, I33, Y51, I59, A65, F66, V68, F70, A77, V78, L79, Y88, L90, F93, H94, F95, H96, W97, H107, A115, A116,



4.2.1.1)

L118, H119, L120, V121, H122, W123, A133, V134, L140, A141, V142, L143, I145, F146, L147, V149, L156, V159,





V160, V162, L163, I166, F175, F178, L183, L184, L188, Y190, W191, Y193, L197, L202, L203, C205, V206, W208,





I209, V210, L211, I215, V217, V222, F225, L228, F230, M240, L250, I255, A257


105
Argininosuccinate synthase
P00966
V7, V8, L9, C19, I20, L21, W23, L24, V31, I32, A33, Y34, L35, A51, V64, F68, V69, F72, I73, I77, L89, L93, A94, C97,



(EC 6.3.4.5)

A99, I105, A106, Y113, C132, A143, F150, Y163, A164, L185, M186, H187, Y190, L195, L206, L223, I225, F227, V235,





V238, L250, F251, L254, V257, A258, H261, V263, V269, I281, A286, I289, L290, A293, H294, I297, F317, A318, V321,





Y322, C331, I338, V345, V349, V351, V353


106
Serine protease inhibitor
P00995
V46, C47, L60, C61, I71, I73



Kazal-type 1


107
Antithrombin-III
P01008
M49, A75, V80, L83, A86, F90, A91, F94, Y95, L98, I108, F109, L110, L113, I115, A118, F119, A120, M121, A126, C127,





L131, L134, M135, V137, F138, F140, I143, I151, H152, F153, F154, F155, A156, L158, L162, A166, A175, L178, F179,





V197, A200, F207, I218, V222, I230, I234, A238, L242, V244, L245, V246, L247, V248, I251, F253, W257, F261,





F271, A281, M283, M284, V301, L302, L304, F306, I311, M313, V314, L315, I316, L317, V327, L331, L343, L348,





V349, V350, M352, I357, L363, L367, L372, L375, L383, I386, A388, L394, V396, A399, H401, A403, L405, V407,





A414, A415, A416, A419, V420, V421, I422, A423, F434, A436, F440, L441, V442, F443, I444, V447, I453, F454,





M455, V458, A459


108
Alpha-1-antitrypsin
P01009
F47, I50, L54, F57, A58, F59, L61, Y62, L65, I74, F75, F76, V79, I81, A82, A84, F85, A86, M87, L88, I100, L101, L104,





F106, I111, I116, F120, L123, L124, L127, L134, L142, F143, L144, F154, V158, L161, Y162, V169, F171, A177, I181,





V185, I193, V197, V205, F206, A207, L208, V209, I212, F213, F214, W218, F222, V224, F232, V234, V242, M244, M245,





F251, I253, L259, V263, L264, M266, Y268, A272, A274, I275, F276, F277, L278, L284, L287, L291, I295, F299,





L300, A308, L310, H311, L312, I317, L323, L327, L330, I332, V335, A340, L342, V345, L351, L353, A356, V357,





H358, A360, V361, L362, I364, A371, A372, A374, M375, F376, L377, A379, I380, V388, F390, F394, V395, F396,





L397, M398, L407, F408, M409, V412, V413


109
Angiotensinogen
P01019
V44, A103, V106, L109, A110, L113, F115, I117, Y118, V133, L134, A138, V139, F140, L143, A144, L146, L158, L16





2, V164, L175, V180, L181, A183, L184, A186, V187, L191, V192, L203, L205, V208, V209, V211, F212, L217, L219,





F223, L227, Y230, F241, A247, M255, V258, L276, A277, F278, Y281, V282, F284, M288, F291, F300, V310, L313,





V331, V334, A340, C341, L342, L343, L344, I345, V356, F361, I377, L379, M381, L384, L392, L395, L396, I404, L405,





L409, L411, L414, V424, I428, F430, L432, L456, F460, L461, A463, V464, A469, A471, L472, H473, F474, L475, V478


110
Complement C3
P01024
M25, I28, I29, L34, M42, L44, A46, H47, V55, V57, V59, L76, V86, F88, I90, V106, V108, A110, F112, V117, V121, L122,





V123, Y129, I138, Y139, V145, Y147, I149, F150, V152, V163, V165, I167, V188, L189, W204, I206, A208, Y210,





F222, V224, F232, Y243, I245, L251, V253, I255, A257, V265, A269, V271, F273, I275, L284, I293, V300, L302, L319,





L324, V326, A328, V330, I346, I348, I355, F364, M368, F370, L372, V374, V376, A384, V387, V389, L400, A407,





L409, I422, V424, A443, Y446, Y455, L456, L465, V473, F475, I487, Y490, L493, I494, I521, I526, F529, L531, V532,





A533, Y534, Y535, L537, V546, V547, A548, V555, I585, A591, V593, V596, A597, V602, I616, W617, V620, V638, F639,





A642, L644, F646, C693, C694, M698, M703, V723, F724, C727, C728, I731, W802, A806, V825, F829, L833, V839,





V840, V845, I847, A849, L851, L860, V862, V864, L866, A871, C873, A876, I888, V896, Y898, V899, I900, V901, V910,





V912, A914, A915, V916, V925, L929, V931, L947, I962, V971, I980, L982, V987, M990, A994, V995, A997, L1000,





L1003, C1010, M1015, I1016, M1018, V1022, I1023, A1024, V1025, Y1027, L1028, A1045, I1049, L1057, A1058,





F1059, A1065, F1066, A1067, A1068, F1069, A1073, L1078, A1080, Y1081, V1082, V1083, V1085, F1086, L1088,





A1089, V1090, L1100, C1101, A1103, V1104, L1107, V1117, F1118, V1124, H1126, M1129, M1141, A1142, A1145,





F1146, V1147, L1148, I1149, L1151, A1154, C1158, V1162, L1165, A1172, L1176, Y1180, L1183, Y1187, V1189,





A1190, I1191, A1192, A1195, L1196, A1197, L1202, F1210, W1220, L1227, Y1228, V1230, A1232, Y1235, A1236,





L1237, L1238, A1239, L1240, L1241, V1249, V1252, V1253, L1256, Y1266, A1271, F1273, M1274, V1275, F1276,





A1278, L1279, A1280, Y1282, L1292, L1294, V1296, L1298, I1311, F1330, V1332, A1334, L1342, V1344, Y1348,





A1350, F1361, L1386, I1388, C1389, I1402, L1403, I1405, M1407, M1408, F1411, A1412, L1418, L1421, I1429,





L1444, I1446, Y1447, V1451, A1460, F1461, V1463, L1471, A1476, V1477, V1479, A1481, Y1482, Y1483, C1489,





Y1493, C1518, A1536, Y1543, V1544, Y1545, L1549, F1558, Y1561, M1563, I1565, F1584, C1590, Y1602, L1603,





M1604, W1605, Y1620, L1649, F1652


111
Complement C5
P01031
V24, I25, A27, F31, V33, A35, I39, V40, I41, F50, A52, I54, I56, V71, L73, L85, I87, V102, V106, M117, L126, Y135,





V141, V143, V145, Y146, L148, L161, F163, I183, I190, W199, I201, A203, Y205, F217, V219, I238, F246, I248, I250,





A252, V260, A263, V265, I267, F269, I271, M283, L292, F301, V307, L310, L323, I325, V327, V329, Y347, L363, I371,





V373, V375, V388, L390, A418, V428, L431, F433, V435, A448, A454, Y457, L465, I484, V486, Y499, L502, I503, I526,





M534, L540, L541, V542, Y543, Y544, L554, V555, L561, I563, V573, V588, L590, M592, V600, A601, L602, A603,





A604, V605, A608, V609, L620, A643, V645, F646, A649, L651, F653, I683, A687, V695, C698, C699, C711, C724,





I725, A727, F728, C731, C732, V734, A735, V780, W797, I799, V802, I804, C810, V819, V823, V833, I839, L841, V845,





Y846, C856, V888, V896, V900, L901, I910, F912, L914, L927, L944, V968, L977, V979, V984, I987, L988, A1008,





A1010, L1012, V1015, F1019, Y1020, V1021, Y1024, L1025, L1049, V1068, W1077, L1078, A1080, F1081, A1082, L1083,





V1089, L1104, L1107, I1127, L1142, Y1143, A1146, F1147, V1149, I1150, I1152, A1155, C1159, I1164, A1167,





L1168, A1171, L1175, F1186, L1188, A1189, I1190, A1192, Y1193, A1194, F1205, I1208, F1227, W1228, A1245,





V1248, A1252, Y1253, A1254, L1255, L1256, L1259, V1267, V1270, I1271, W1273, L1274, F1284, I1291, A1293, I1294,





L1297, L1303, L1309, M1311, I1313, V1315, M1328, F1333, V1340, L1346, V1348, A1357, V1359, V1361, V1365,





I1402, A1404, A1406, Y1408, H1421, A1422, V1423, M1424, I1426, L1439, L1442, F1450, V1460, L1462, I1467,





V1475, F1477, I1479, A1491, F1493, V1495, Y1498, H1499, C1505, V1519, A1545, A1552, I1557, Y1559, A1560,





Y1561, V1563, Y1577, A1579, L1581, A1590, I1598, F1600, A1609, Y1617, L1618, I1619, M1620, A1624, Y1637,





I1645, C1657, F1660, L1664, F1667


112
Complement C5a
P01032
C22, C47, A50, C55



anaphylatoxin


113
Cystatin-C
P01034
V49, A52, A56, L90, V92, L94, G95, C109, C123, F125, I127


114
GTPase NRas
P01111
Y4, L6, V7, V8, V9, A11, V14, L19, L23, V29, V44, I46, C51, L52, L53, I55, L56, A59, M67, M72, F78, L79, C80, V81,





F82, A83, I84, F90, I93, L95, Y96, I100, V103, V109, M111, V112, L113, V114, L120, V125, A130, A134, A146, V152,





A155, F156, L159, V160, I163, M168


115
Platelet-derived growth
P01127
V127, V153, V170, L172



factor subunit B


116
Low-density lipoprotein
P01130
I40, V45, C52, I83, C95, C116, I122, C134, C155, I161, A166, C173, C204, C222, C318, C338, C352, C377, Y400, L401,



receptor

F402, F403, V409, M412, L414, I423, A431, L432, V436, I441, W443, I451, A480, V481, I488, Y489, W490, V498,





V500, A501, M531, Y532, W533, I542, L547, V556, L575, W577, V578, I585, L605, L611, A612, V618, F619, W620,





A627, I628, A631, A643, L646, C667, C677, C681, L682, C698


117
Transforming growth factor
P01137
L258, C293, C294, V295, F302, C326, L340, A341, L364, I366, C387, C389



beta-1


118
Beta-nerve growth factor
P01138
C136, V157, V159, V163, C189, A210, A218, A219, I223, I225


119
Vasopressin-neurophysin 2-
P01185
C44, C52, I57, C58, C59, C65, A72, C75, C92, C98, A99, A100, C104, C105, C110



copeptin


120
Somatotropin
P01241
F36, A39, A43, L46, L49, A50, Y54, F70, C79, I84, L99, L101, L102, I104, L106, L107, L108, I109, W112, V116, L119,





F123, A131, V136, L140, L143, I147, L150, Y186, L189, F192, M196, V199, F202, L203, V206


121
Insulin [Cleaved into:
P01308
L35, A38, L39, I91, C95, L105, C109



Insulin B chain; Insulin A



chain]


122
Insulin-like growth factor II
P01344
L37, L41, F52, I66, C70, C75, L80, Y83, C84, A85


123
Lymphotoxin-alpha
P01374
A65, L67, I68, L94, L99, V101, Y107, V109, V113, F115, L131, H133, V135, L181, V198, F200, A202


124
Tumor necrosis factor
P01375
A90, V92, A94, A98, L105, V117, L124, V125, V126, L131, Y132, L133, I134, V138, F140, C145, V150, L152, H154,





I156, A160, L202, L208, A210, V226, F228, I230


125
Interferon gamma
P01579
Y6, I7, F10, C13, I14, A31, L34, A40, F52, L56, I67, M68, I72, V73, Y76, F77, L79, F80, I89, V93, I96, M100, F104, F105,





F115, A132, I133, L136, M140, L158


126
Interleukin-1 alpha
P01583
I135, L136, A163, F166, A170, Y171, A178, V182, I183, Y192, I214, L221, F223, F234, I244, A245, V252, L254, F264


127
Interleukin-1 beta
P01584
C124, L126, L134, V135, L142, A144, V156, F158, M160, V163, V174, A175, L176, L178, L185, C187, M211, F215,





V216, F217, L226, F228, I238, F262


128
Erythropoietin
P01588
L39, A46, A49, C56, C60, L62, V68, A87, V90, L94, L97, A100, L118, V122, A125, L129, L132, L136, A141, A145,





A162, L168, F169, F175, L176, L180, Y183


129
Interleukin-2 receptor
P01589
A38, L47, C67, C80, C125, V143, V148, Y150, C168



subunit alpha


130
T-cell surface glycoprotein
P01730
L39, C41, A43, F51, W53, I61, L62, L69, L76, A80, W87, F92, L94, I95, I96, L99, Y107, C109, V111, V118, L120, L121,



CD4

V122, F123, L134, L139, L141, L143, V153, C155, L169, V171, L174, W182, C184, V186, I199, V201, V219, F221,





F223, L238, F254, V261, M274, L282, L284, A287, A292, L297, L299, L308, V312, L314, V315, V316, M317, L326,





C328, V330, L340, L342, V358, W368, C370, L372


131
Ig epsilon chain C region
P01854
I131, L133, C135, V137, W149, L178, W185, Y191, C193, V195, I237, C239, V241, V251, V280, L284, Y297, C299,





V301, L310, V326, L343, C345, I347, F350, I355, V357, W359, V386, L390, V392, F403, C405, A407, V408, H409,





A412, V418, V424


132
HLA class I
P01889
M29, Y31, Y33, F46, V52, F57, V58, F60, A73, W75, I76, Y83, Y91, A95, L102, L105, L119, M122, C125, V127, Y140,



histocompatibility antigen,

Y142, Y147, I148, L150, L154, W157, A163, A164, A177, L184, C188, V189, L192, Y195, L196, L203, V213, A223,



B-7 alpha chain

L225, C227, A229, F232, Y233, L239, W241, A269, A270, V271, V272, V273, Y281, C283, V285, H287


133
HLA class II
P01903
F47, M48, F49, F57, V59, A77, A81, A84, A86, I88, L130, I131, C132, I134, F137, W146, F173, L176, L179, Y186,



histocompatibility antigen,

C188, V190, H192



DR alpha chain


134
HLA class II
P01906
H50, F58, V60, I78, A85, M89, L131, I132, C133, V135, I138, W147, I174, L177, L180, Y187, C189, V191, H193



histocompatibility antigen,



DQ alpha 2 chain


135
HLA class II
P01909
H50, F58, V60, A84, I88, L130, C132, V134, I137, W146, I173, L176, L179, Y186, C188, V190, H192



histocompatibility antigen,



DQ alpha 1 chain


136
HLA class II
P01911
F36, L37, F46, F47, V53, F55, L56, Y59, V67, F69, F76, W90, L97, A103, C108, V120, V128, L138, L143, L144, V145,



histocompatibility antigen,

C146, V148, F151, W160, M171, L190, V199, Y200, C202, V204



DRB1-15 beta chain


137
HLA class II
P01912
F36, L37, F46, F47, V53, Y55, L56, Y59, V67, F69, F76, W90, L97, C108, V120, V128, L138, L143, L144, V145, C146,



histocompatibility antigen,

V148, F151, W160, V171, L190, V199, Y200, C202, V204



DRB1-3 chain


138
HLA class II
P01920
F39, V40, F49, V56, Y58, V59, Y62, A70, F72, Y79, W93, L100, C111, L123, V131, L141, L146, L147, V148, C149,



histocompatibility antigen,

V151, F154, W163, V174, L193, V202, Y203, C205, V207



DQ beta 1 chain


139
Collagen alpha-1(I) chain
P02452
C63



(Alpha-1 type I collagen)


140
Collagen alpha-1(II) chain
P02458
C57



(Alpha-1 type II collagen)



[Cleaved into: Collagen



alpha-1(II) chain;



Chondrocalcin]


141
Collagen alpha-1 (III) chain
P02461
C55, C1262, L1265, V1279, I1290, C1294, I1303, V1310, V1326, F1328, A1364, I1368, Y1370, A1377, L1390,





L1392, F1400, C1417, F1429, Y1431, L1439, I1441, I1444, A1445, V1458, V1463, F1465


142
Collagen alpha-1 (IV) chain
P02462
V1448, L1474, Y1475, L1487, Y1521, W1522, L1523, I1545, C1548, A1549, V1550, C1551, A1553, F1583, H1586,



[Cleaved into: Arresten]

C1604, F1613, I1614, C1616, C1622, C1662, V1664, C1665, M1666


143
Alpha-crystallin A chain
P02489
L75, V77, V94, I96, V124, L129, L139, F141


144
Apolipoprotein A-I
P02647
V35, L38, A39, Y42, L46, Y53, F57, L106, V117, L138, Y139, L198


145
Apolipoprotein E
P02649
W44, A47, F51, L55, V58, V65, L69, L70, V74, L78, M86, L89, L96, L100, A109, L111, L115, A117, A118, L122, M126,





V129, C130, L133, Y136, L144, L151, V153, L155, A156, L159, L162, L166, L173, L177, Y180, A194, L247, L270, V298


146
Fibrinogen alpha chain
P02671
I675, Y692, W708, L714, L724, V726, L728, A738, Y740, V744, Y751, L753, A762, A765, H780, F785, C799, A800,



[Cleaved into:

W807, Y809, A815, L817, V841, W843, L853, V856, M858



Fibrinopeptide A;



Fibrinogen alpha chain]


147
Fibrinogen beta chain
P02675
C241, I244, M254, Y255, I257, V268, C270, W279, I282, F292, Y299, C316, Y322, W323, I329, L340, L341, I342,



[Cleaved into:

M344, A354, H355, Y356, F359, V361, Y368, V372, A379, A382, L383, A387, H400, F405, C424, W432, W433, Y434,



Fibrinopeptide B;

A439, A440, Y447, Y452, V465, V466, W467, M477, M480, M482



Fibrinogen beta chain]


148
Fibrinogen gamma chain
P02679
C179, I182, Y193, I195, V206, C208, V219, F220, Y237, W253, I259, I262, Y270, A271, L272, V274, L276, A286, Y288,





A289, F291, V293, Y300, L302, F307, A312, A315, F316, F321, H333, F338, F348, C352, A353, W360, W361, M362,





H366, A367, H369, L370, Y375, Y380, Y389, I393, I394, W395, M405, M410, I412, I413, L418, H427, A431


149
Acetylcholine receptor
P02708
V153, L154, A167, V177, V201, I203



subunit alpha


150
Band 3 anion transport
P02730
M435, C479



protein


151
Protein AMBP [Cleaved
P02760
C287, A304, C333



into: Alpha-1-microglobulin


152
Transthyretin
P02766
L32, V34, V36, A45, V48, V50, V52, L75, L78, F84, I88, Y89, V91, I93, Y98, W99, A111, A117, I127, A128, A129, L130,





L131


153
Serum albumin
P02768
V31, A32, F43, A45, L46, V47, L48, I49, A50, F51, A52, Y54, L55, C58, H63, L66, V70, A74, C77, C86, L93, L98, A102,





M111, C114, F126, C148, F151, L163, A167, F173, A175, L178, F181, A182, A188, F189, C192, L202, L209, A215,





C224, A225, F235, A239, A241, F247, A250, A253, V255, L258, V259, V265, C270, L274, L275, C277, A285, I295, L299,





C302, V317, F333, V334, V339, Y343, F354, A359, V367, L369, L370, L371, L373, Y377, L381, C384, Y394, V397, F401,





V405, C416, F427, L431, L432, V439, V442, L447, V448, V450, L454, V457, C461, A473, V480, L481, L484, V486,





H488, V497, C500, F512, F531, A535, I537, A552, L553, V554, L556, V557, A563, L568, V571, F575, F578, V579,





C582, F592, L607, L609


154
Ferritin light chain
P02792
V13, A15, V17, L20, V21, Y24, A27, Y31, L34, Y37, F38, V48, F51, F52, L55, A56, Y63, L66, L67, M69, W90, A96,





M97, A99, A100, M101, L107, L111, L112, L114, L126, L130, F134, M145, L149, L152, F167


155
Capsid protein/genotype D
P03147
F9, L15, L19, F23, F24, A36, Y38, A54, L55, C61, W71, W102, F103, L108, F110, V120, F122, W125, A131, Y132,



subtype adw (isolate United

A137, I139, L140



Kingdom/adyw/1979)



(HBV-D)


156
Estrogen receptor
P03372
C185, V187, C188, V199, C202, C205, F209, C227, I229, C237, A239, C240, L242, C245, M250, A307, M315, L319,





A322, M342, L345, L349, L354, M357, I358, W360, A361, V364, F367, V376, L378, L379, A382, W383, I389, L391,





V392, L402, A405, L408, L410, V418, F425, F435, F445, V446, C447, L448, I452, L453, L454, V458, H474, I475,





V478, I482, L486, M490, L507, I510, I514, M517, M522, M528, L540, L544


157
Fusion glycoprotein F0/strain A2
P03420
F32, C37, A39, V40, A47, L48, V56, I57, I59, V76, I79, L83, A89, V90, L93, L158, V164, L171, V187, L188, L195, I199,





L203, C212, I214, V220, F223, L230, I233, F237, V247, M251, L252, L257, L260, I261, M264, I266, M274, I280, V281,





I288, S290, I291, L297, A298, Y299, V300, V301, L303, Y306, C313, C322, I332, C333, L334, Y342, C343, V349, F351,





F352, V365, F366, C367, I379, L381, C382, C393, I395, I407, L410, A412, I413, V414, C416, C422, A424, V442, M447,





V450, V459, I475, Y478, A490, V495


158
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P03441
A11, L13, C14, L15, A19, V26, V36, L42, V43, I51, C52, I58, C64, L66, I67, L70, L71, C76, F79, L86, F87, V88, F94, C97,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

Y98, Y100, Y105, A106, L108, V112, A113, L118, F125, A138, C139, F147, F148, L151, L154, L164, Y178, W180, V182,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

H183, H184, Y195, V202, V204, I230, I232, Y233, I236, V237, I242, L243, I245, L251, I252, A253, F258, I274, C281,



chain]/strain

I282, I288, V309, L316, A317, A334, W343, Y351, A373, A425, L447, L455, C466, F467, I469, H471, C473, C477,



A/Bangkok/1/1979 H3N2

I478, I481, A495


159
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P03446
I20, C21, I22, V33, V43, L58, C59, L69, C72, L74, I78, L79, Y95, I96, V97, L118, F122, C150, M163, L166, I188, V189,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

F190, W192, I194, Y207, V216, M242, Y244, L249, V255, I257, L263, I264, A265, C294, L327, A347, Y364, A386, L460,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

L468, H484, C486, C490



chain]/strain



A/Duck/Alberta/60/1976



H12N5


160
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P03448
A8, I19, I21, V42, L48, L49, F57, C58, L66, L68, C71, I73, W76, I77, L78, C83, L86, W92, Y94, I95, V96, Y107, L117,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

L120, I121, V127, F133, C151, Y153, L163, L164, W165, I166, I177, I189, L190, Y191, F192, W193, V195, H196, H197,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

Y208, V215, M217, I243, Y245, I249, L250, L256, V258, L264, I265, A266, Y269, A270, F271, F273, A281, C292, C296,



chain]/strain

V302, L303, I317, V324, L329, L331, A332, A349, M361, Y366, A388, V389, A440, L452, V459, L462, V466, L470,



A/Shearwater/Australia/1972

C481, H486, C488, C492, M493



H6N5


161
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P03456
I19, C20, I21, V32, V42, Y57, C58, L68, C71, I73, I77, Y78, Y94, I95, V96, L117, F121, C149, I162, L165, I188, I189,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

F190, L191, W192, I194, Y207, V216, M242, Y244, L249, L255, I257, L263, I264, A265, C295, A348, Y365, A387, L461,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

L469, H485, C487, C491, A509



chain]/strain



A/Turkey/Ontario/6118/1968



H8N4


162
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P03457
L10, I21, C22, I23, V34, V44, L51, L59, C60, L68, L70, C73, I75, I79, Y80, Y96, I97, V98, L119, F123, C151, M159, L162,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

A174, I184, L185, F186, M187, W188, I190, Y203, V212, I238, Y240, L245, L251, I253, L259, I260, A261, C290,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

H304, L323, A343, Y360, A382, L456, L464, H480, C482, C486



chain]/strain



A/Turkey/Wisconsin/1/1966



H9N2


163
Neuraminidase (EC
P03471
W87, I94, F97, I106, I114, V116, Y121, V122, C124, F132, A133, L134, L140, L158, L159, C175, A177, C183, L190,



3.2.1.18)/strain

V192, C193, V194, A201, A203, F205, Y207, L223, C230, V231, C232, V239, V240, M241, I254, L255, F256, I257,



A/Memphis/1/1971 H3N2

V275, C278, C280, Y281, Y284, V287, C289, I290, C291, V302, V303, I305, Y316, V317, C318, L321, V322, V349, W352,





A353, F354, V360, W361, M362, Y374, F377, V379, I397, V398, I409, F410, I418, C421, F422, Y423, V424, L426, V436,





W438, I443, V444, V445, F446, I464


164
Neuraminidase (EC
P03472
L88, I95, A106, V107, V115, V117, Y122, V123, C125, F132, Y133, A134, L135, L159, I160, W162, C177, I178, C185,



3.2.1.18)/strain

M192, I194, C195, I196, A203, A205, V206, I207, Y209, A221, L225, C232, V233, C234, C239, V241, V242, F243, I256,



A/Tern/Australia/G70C/1975

Y257, Y258, F259, H276, I277, C280, C282, Y283, I289, C291, C293, V304, I305, I307, Y318, I319, C320, V323, L324,



H11N9

V350, F353, Y355, W362, L363, I369, Y375, M377, L378, V380, A383, I397, V398, F410, M411, Y420, A422, C423,





F424, Y425, V426, L428, V438, I445, V446, M448, C449, A464


165
Neuraminidase (EC
P03474
F92, I114, I115, F119, V120, A121, F130, L132, L156, V159, A175, A176, A181, C182, I191, V193, A200, L201, V202,



3.2.1.18)/strain B/Lee/1940

I204, I221, L222, I232, C236, Y237, L238, M239, I240, A245, F253, L254, I256, I265, H273, C277, I287, C289, A290,





C291, A298, F302, V303, L305, I314, L323, I333, H354, W364, M377, L379, M400, V401, F411, C424, I425, I427, M429,





V430, H431, H439, A441, A442, A444, I445, Y446, L448, L454, L455


166
Neuraminidase (EC
P03476
F94, I106, V116, Y121, V122, C124, F132, A133, L134, L158, F161, C176, C184, M191, V193, C194, M195, A202, A204,



3.2.1.18)/strain

I206, Y208, L224, C231, C233, V240, A241, V242, V255, Y256, W257, I258, L277, C280, C282, I286, V288, C290,



A/Turkey/Oregon/1971

I291, C292, W303, M304, I306, Y316, V317, C318, H322, V348, F351, F353, W360, L361, F373, I375, V378, L396,



H7N3

V397, F409, I410, F417, F421, Y422, V423, L425, V436, I443, V444, F446, I464


167
Neuraminidase (EC
P03477
I105, V113, V115, F120, I121, F131, F132, L133, L157, C160, A177, W178, A180, A182, C183, L190, L192, I194, A201,



3.2.1.18)/strain

V202, A203, L205, M223, V231, C232, Y238, L240, I241, A250, Y252, I254, I257, I262, H274, F275, C278, C280, Y281,



A/Turkey/Ontario/6118/1968

V287, C289, V290, C291, I303, F305, I313, C317, I320, F321, F350, F352, Y354, V358, W359, I360, F372, M374,



H8N4

V375, V382, I394, I395, F407, C422, F423, W424, V425, M427, W438, I444, F446


168
Neuraminidase (EC
P03478
I98, I106, V108, F113, V114, F124, F125, L126, L150, V153, W171, A173, A175, C176, M183, I185, V187, A194, Y195,



3.2.1.18)/strain

A196, I198, L216, V224, C225, I226, Y231, V233, M234, A243, Y245, I247, V255, H267, I268, C271, C273, Y274,



A/Shearwater/Australia/1972

M277, V280, C282, V283, C284, L296, F298, C310, I313, F346, F348, V354, W355, A356, I360, F368, V370, L371, I378,



H6N5

I384, V390, L391, F403, I415, C418, F419, W420, L421, M423, W435, F443


169
NADH-ubiquinone
P03886
Y43, A50, A52, M53, F56



oxidoreductase chain 1 (EC



1.6.5.3)


170
Angiogenin (EC 3.1.27.—)
P03950
F33, C50, I53, M54, C63, I66, F69, I70, H71, I77, A79, I80, L93, V102, C105, C116, Y118, V127, V128, V129, P136,





L139


171
Coagulation factor XI
P03951
F30, C46, C50, C56, L57, L58, F59, C76, L78, M120, A130, C136, C140, F148, F149, C165, L167, A220, V225, C226,





C230, C236, F238, F239, C255, L257, A274, C283, V289, F301, C317, C321, C327, F329, F330, A337, C346, I366, I388,





W401, V403, L405, C416, I420, I421, I426, L427, A429, A430, V444, Y445, V463, I481, A482, L483, L484, L486,





V490, C500, C514, V516, W519, A535, I537, C545, Y549, I554, C560, A561, A570, L579, C581, V586, H588, L589, V590,





I592, V607, Y608, V611, V612, Y614, I618


172
Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6)
P04040
A76, A79, A81, F85, V87, I91, A97, V99, F100, I109, A110, V111, F113, A117, F132, V134, F136, W143, L145, I152,





F153, F154, I155, I159, F164, W183, W186, L193, V196, F200, I205, H209, M212, L222, V230, C232, F234, Y236, A250,





L265, F266, A268, W277, F279, I281, M284, A289, F294, L299, V313, L316, V317, L318, V329, I332, A333, I343,





L351, L355, V375, V443, Y447, L459, C460, I463, A464, L467, A478, V479, F482, V485, Y489, I493, L496, L497


173
RAF proto-oncogene
P04049
I58, V60, L62, V72, L78, C81, L82, L86, A97, V98, A118, L126, V128, C152, C165, C176, V180, C184, V372, I405, V420,



serine/threonine-protein

I446, A449, A453, M456, L459, H466, M469, L476, V482, I484, F487, A513, V516, V531, Y534, V537, L538, M542,



kinase (EC 2.7.11.1)

M581, V585, C588, F599, I606


174
Glucosylceramidase (EC
P04062
V54, C55, C57, F76, L108, F120, A123, M124, A127, A128, A129, I132, A139, L142, L143, L144, Y147, F148, I153,



3.2.1.45)

Y155, I157, I158, V160, M162, A163, C165, F167, A175, L183, L199, I200, A203, L213, L214, A215, L224, H245,





W248, A249, Y251, F252, F255, L256, Y259, L264, A268, V269, A271, C287, L288, F290, F298, I299, L303, L318, M319,





L320, A331, V334, A340, I347, A348, V349, H350, A357, L363, L375, F376, A377, A380, C381, V382, W396, Y402, I406,





I407, V414, W417, L422, A423, L424, V437, I441, I442, V443, F450, M455, F456, H458, L459, H461, F462, I466,





V473, A485, V486, A487, L488, A495, V496, V497, V498, V499, L500, L509, I511, L519, I528, H529, Y531, W533


175
Vitamin K-dependent
P04070
C105, C131, L212, V227, V228, L229, A240, V241, L242, V248, L249, A251, C254, V263, L265, L280, I300, A301,



protein C (EC 3.4.21.69)

L302, L303, V339, I363, I365, C373, A388, M406, A408, V417, L419, V434, Y435, V438, I445, I449


176
Cystatin-B
P04080
A20, V23, L27, F54, I55, V57, V65, H66, L67, V69, L82


177
Trefoil factor 1
P04155
C51, C57, C68, F69


178
Major prion protein
P04156
I139, Y150, Y157, V161, Y163, F175, V176, C179, V180, I182, I184, M205, M206, V209, V210, M213, C214


179
Superoxide dismutase [Mn],
P04179
L38, I42, I46, M47, H50, H54, H55, V59, L62, A72, I82, L88, H98, F101, W102, L105, L117, A120, I121, F131, L135,



mitochondrial (EC 1.15.1.1)

W147, W149, L150, C164, L170, L179, L180, I182, V184, W185, A188, Y189, Y200, L201, I204, V207, I208, W210,





V213, Y217


180
Phosphatidylcholine-sterol
P04180
V49, I50, L51, V52, L60, A62, A117, V133, V149, L152, V163, A165, A166, Y168, L184, V188, M191, V199, F200, L201,



acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.43)

I202, L206, C208, L209, H210, L211, L212, F214, L215, F230, I231, A235, I241, M244, A248, I261, F289, I290, F305,





F306, L309, L328, V333, V335, C337, L338, Y339, V372, A373, C380, W383, L396, M404, V405, I414, L418


181
HLA class II
P04233
C213, V253



histocompatibility antigen



gamma chain


182
T-cell surface glycoprotein
P04234
V33, V35, C37, Y71



CD3 delta chain


183
von Willebrand factor
P04275
V815, C827, C829, C849, C851, C1272, L1276, L1278, V1279, F1280, L1281, L1282, F1293, L1296, F1299, V1300,





M1303, M1304, L1307, V1314, V1316, A1317, V1318, V1319, Y1321, I1329, L1340, A1344, V1347, A1355, V1360,





L1361, F1369, A1377, I1380, L1382, L1383, L1384, M1385, A1386, F1397, V1401, L1404, I1410, V1411, I1412,





V1414, I1416, A1420, I1425, I1428, F1438, L1440, V1443, L1446, I1453, V1454, L1457, L1497, V1499, A1500,





F1501, V1502, L1503, F1514, F1520, M1521, V1524, I1525, M1528, I1535, V1537, V1539, L1540, Y1542, Y1550,





I1561, V1565, A1581, L1582, L1585, A1600, V1604, Y1605, M1606, V1607, V1625, V1626, I1628, V1630, I1642,





L1657, A1661, V1665, L1666, C1670, L1690, V1692, I1693, L1694, L1695, L1696, F1707, F1713, A1714, F1717,





I1718, A1721, V1732, L1733, Y1735, V1743, L1754, V1758, M1761, I1770, A1773, L1774, A1777, L1781, A1795,





V1796, V1797, I1798, L1799, V1800, V1808, A1812, A1815, V1822, I1825, I1827, L1836, L1839, L1857, V1861,





L1871, C2724, L2786, C2804


184
Argininosuccinate lyase
P04424
L34, V39, A44, Y45, L49, I63, L67, V70, I88, H89, A91, L96, A104, L107, V118, L121, M125, C129, L132, L136, W137,





L139, I140, M143, V144, A147, F155, L161, W169, I173, L174, A177, L180, L187, V190, I194, L197, L199, L216,





L220, F222, A232, F238, V239, A240, F242, L243, W245, A246, C249, M250, L253, M256, A257, L260, F268, F270,





V271, L273, L293, I296, V303, L310, L325, A331, V332, V335, M339, L343, A346, V349, I350, L353, M360, A363,





M368, L369, L373, A374, Y375, L377, A387, A390, A394, A398, L405, L413, F420, V424, V434, A444, V448


185
HLA class II
P04440
Y36, A46, F47, F53, L54, Y57, A65, F67, F74, W88, L95, V101, C106, L118, V126, L136, L141, L142, V143, C144,



histocompatibility antigen,

V146, F149, W158, V169, V186, L188, V197, Y198, C200, V202



DP beta 1 chain


186
Envelope glycoprotein
P04578
A55, V65, A70, M95, V101, M104, I108, W112, V120, C131, I154, I165, L193, H216, A221, A224, I225, G235, C239,



gp160/group M subtype B

V242, I251, L259, L260, V270, I284, I285, V286, L288, V292, I294, C296, M326, C331, I333, W338, L342, I345, A346,



(isolate HXB2) (HIV-1)

L349, I359, I360, F361, H374, F376, C378, F383, C385, L390, F391, L416, C418, I423, I424, V430, A433, M434, I449,





L452, L453, L454, I467, F468, W479, L483, Y486, V489, I491, V505, I548, V549, L555, L556, A558, I559, A561, L565,





L566, V570, I573, L576, I580, L602, A607, I635, I642, W666, W680, M687, I688, V698


187
Receptor tyrosine-protein
P04626
H42, M45, L46, Y50, C53, V56, L60, L62, L65, F73, L74, I77, V80, Y83, V84, L85, I86, A87, V91, V94, L96, L99, I101,



kinase erbB-2 (EC 2.7.10.1)

V102, A113, L114, A115, V116, L137, L140, L142, L145, I148, V153, I155, L161, C162, Y163, I172, F173, C204, W205,





C227, C240, A241, A242, L304, C331, L345, A355, V356, I361, F364, C367, I370, L374, A375, F376, L397, F400, L403,





I406, L410, I412, L422, F425, L428, V430, I431, A440, L443, L445, L448, I450, L453, L455, L461, L465, A466,





L467, I468, H469, L474, C475, F476, V477, L494, C504, C520, W521, C540, C576


188
High affinity nerve growth
P04629
L103, A110, L117, L122, L138, C215, L249, L251, V254, L258, C265, A267, V282, C300, I301, L346, L348, L361,



factor receptor (EC 2.7.10.1)

A363, A376


189
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P04661
I19, C20, I21, V32, V42, V49, F57, C58, I60, I66, L68, C71, F73, A74, W76, I77, L78, C83, L86, W92, Y94, I95, V96,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

Y107, L117, F121, V124, F127, F133, A149, C151, F153, M163, V164, L166, I176, V188, L189, I190, V191, W192, I194,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

H195, H196, Y207, V214, V216, Y221, M242, F244, Y245, I248, V249, I255, F257, F263, L264, A265, Y268, A269, F270,



chain]/strain

I272, L280, C294, H308, H311, I315, L327, A347, Y364, A386, L460, L468, H484, C486, C490



A/Duck/England/1/1956



H11N6


190
Heat shock protein beta-1
P04792
V6, F8, L10, V97, L99, V101, A105, V118, I120, V148, L163, V165, A167


191
Cytochrome b-245 heavy
P04839
A394, V398, V404, M405, L406, V407, V413, F416, I419, V423, L436, F441, Y442, F454, L458, F473, F520, I532,



chain (EC 1.—.—.—)

V534, F535, L546


192
Insulin-like growth factor I
P05019
L58, A61, L62, F73, I91, C95, C100, L105, Y108, C109, A110


193
Fructose-bisphosphate
P05062
L16, I19, A20, I23, V24, I30, L31, A32, A33, M40, L44, F59, I62, L63, F64, V66, I70, I74, V77, I78, L79, L84, F94, I97,



aldolase B (EC 4.1.2.13)

L98, V104, V105, I107, L109, L131, C135, Y138, V143, F145, W148, A150, L152, L162, A163, I164, A168, A170, L171,





A172, Y174, A175, C178, L183, V184, I186, V187, C202, V209, L210, V213, A216, L217, L228, L229, V234, Y244,





A250, A252, V254, A256, L257, V261, V265, I268, C269, F270, A280, L282, L284, I287, L298, F300, Y302, A305, L306,





A308, A310, A313, W314, F328, M329, A332, A334, A338, L357


194
Amyloid beta A4 protein
P05067
I34, A35, L41, M43, Y72, C73, V85, I94, W97, C117, C133, W150, A154, C158, C174, F179, V182, F184, V185, C186,





C291, C316, C337, V375, L442, L453, Y476, A479, V490, L494, Y497, V498, A500, A523, I537, L548, A555, I558,





I666, V669, H684, L688, V689


195
Arginase-1 (EC 3.5.3.1)
P05089
I8, I10, I11, A13, F15, V24, V30, L31, L36, L40, V67, V73, A76, L80, A81, V84, A85, V87, L95, V96, L97, H101, L103,





A104, I105, I108, H111, H115, L118, V120, I121, W122, V123, A125, I129, L140, V145, L148, L149, L152, I169, A171,





I174, V175, Y176, I177, L179, L190, F198, V211, M212, L219, I227, H228, L229, F231, V233, L236, A243, L252, I260,





I264, L273, I275, M276, V278, V293, A296, I299, A302, C303, F304


196
Aldehyde dehydrogenase,
P05091
C36, I39, F40, A48, F54, V68, A69, V76, A79, V80, A82, A83, A85, W93, L104, L105, L108, A109, L111, I112, Y118,



mitochondrial (EC 1.2.1.3)

L119, A120, A121, L122, L125, L139, V142, L143, C145, L146, Y149, A150, A153, V178, C179, L189, L190, M191,





A193, L196, A199, L200, A201, V205, V206, V207, M208, V210, L216, A218, L219, Y220, V221, A222, L224, I225, A228,





V234, V235, I237, V238, A245, I249, A250, V255, V258, A259, I270, A273, A274, I293, I294, A303, A307, H308, A310,





L311, F312, F313, C318, C319, C320, A321, F326, V327, F335, A343, I370, Y373, I374, F397, I398, V402, F403,





V406, I412, A413, I417, V421, M422, I424, L425, F427, I430, V433, V434, L444, A445, A446, A447, V448, F449, L459,





A478, F482, L494, L499, Y502


197
Integrin beta-3
P05106
C31, C39, C42, L43, C49, A50, W51, C52, C64, L70, C75, V109, I114, L116, L118, F126, I128, V130, V133, V138, I140,





Y141, Y142, L143, M144, L146, M150, I157, L160, L164, A165, M168, I177, F179, A181, F182, V183, Y190, Y192, A198,





C203, C210, Y216, L220, L222, F229, V233, F249, A251, I252, M253, A255, C258, I262, L271, L272, V273, F274, I291,





M313, Y315, M321, L325, L332, I333, F334, A335, V336, Y344, I351, L359, V366, I370, A373, Y374, V381, L383, L392,





A398, C400, I406, L409, C412, L415, V421, F423, I425, A427, V429, F440, I442, L451, V453, V455, C461, C474,





C497, C499, C512, C521, C547, C562, C584, C593, C601, C624, V641, C661, C681, C689, V691, F693, L705


198
Integrin beta-2
P05107
C25, V30, C33, C36, I37, C43, W45, C46, C62, L68, C73, L98, V103, L105, L107, A113, F115, V117, F119, I127, L129,





Y130, Y131, L132, M133, L135, M139, V146, L149, L153, L154, A156, L157, I166, F168, F171, V172, F179, V180,





C191, C198, F204, F217, V221, I226, L237, A239, M240, M241, V243, A244, C246, I250, V255, L258, L259, V260, F261,





A262, I278, Y293, Y301, L307, L311, I316, I319, F320, A321, V322, Y330, L333, I337, A341, L345, V352, I356, A359,





V367, L369, L378, Y382, C400, V403, I409, F411, V413, V415, A417, F426, I428, A430, V437, V439, V441, C445,





C459, C467, C481, C483, C497, C506, C534, C549, C557, A572, C573, C582, C590, C612, A629, C662, V672, Y674,





I687, V689


199
Interleukin-4
P05112
L31, I34, L38, L41, C48, I56, F69, C70, A72, A73, V75, L76, C89, H100, L103, L107, L110, L114, A118, L133, F136,





L137, L140, M144


200
Interleukin-5
P05113
V84, L87, L91


201
Plasminogen activator
P05121
V31, A32, A35, F38, V40, V42, F43, V46, A47, V55, V56, F57, Y60, V62, A63, V65, L66, A67, M68, L69, L71, I81, M85,



inhibitor 1

I89, M94, A95, L101, L105, I114, A119, I120, F121, V122, L128, F132, F136, F140, V144, V147, F149, A155, I159,





V163, I171, L174, L175, V180, L186, V187, L188, V189, A191, L192, F194, W198, F202, L211, F212, M224, M225, F231,





Y244, I246, L247, L249, Y251, L256, M258, F259, I260, A261, A262, L270, L273, L277, A279, I282, W285, L296, V297,





L298, F301, V307, L309, L313, L316, M318, M321, F329, L332, L338, V340, A343, L344, V347, I349, V351, A358,





A363, V364, I365, V366, A368, M377, F381, L382, F383, V384, V385, H387, V393, L394, F395, M396, V399, M400


202
Protein kinase C gamma
P05129
L120, V386, A461, I476, W538, L544



type


203
Plasma protease C1 inhibitor
P05155
L142, A145, F149, L153, Y154, A168, F169, I174, A175, L177, L178, L193, L197, F213, V218, I224, F225, L230,





F236, I262, V266, I274, L278, L281, V288, L290, A292, I293, L295, F313, M325, Y330, A333, A342, V344, L347,





L353, L355, V356, M370, L374, L386, M409, M413, L430, M441, H443, L447, L449, V454, A456, A457, A458, A459,





A461, L478, F479, V480, L481, F488, V490, F491, M492


204
Complement factor I (EC
P05156
C33, V74, A76, C86, F100, V129, I140, A150, V152, A153, C154, A163, C181, L182, V184, C186, L193, A210, C214,



3.4.21.45)

C229, C241, C247, L254, C256, C266, I357, C365, I368, I375, L376, A378, A379, L382, I430, A431, L432, I433, A452,





C467, L491, M508, C510, A511, L529, V530, C531, V540, W541, V543, V558, V562


205
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-
P05186
L46, A51, V54, I55, M56, F57, L58, A69, A70, L87, M89, A96, A111, A114, A116, Y117, L118, A123, V128, V130, I150,



nonspecific isozyme

L151, A154, V161, I163, V164, V169, A172, A179, A182, M192, A196, I204, A205, L208, M209, I215, V217, I218,





M219, M226, L252, V253, W256, I269, L275, L278, V283, L286, L287, L289, F290, M295, M312, V315, A316, L320,





F327, F328, L329, L330, V331, I336, H340, A345, A348, L349, A352, V353, M355, A358, I359, A362, L372, V374,





V375, A377, H379, I395, A412, I413, V459, V461, A468, L471, V480, V483, M484, A485, A487, I490


206
Interleukin-6
P05231
I53, I57, I60, I64, L67, A86, L92, C111, I115, I116, L119, F122, V124, Y125, L126, Y128, L129, A140, V143, L150,





I151, L154, I164, L179, M189, I194, L195, F198, F201, L202, A208


207
60S acidic ribosomal protein
P05386
A8, C9, A13, L16, I28, I32, F47



P1


208
T-cell surface glycoprotein
P05540
A222, F224, F226, L239, F255, V262, L283, I285, A293, L298, L300, V311, L313, V314, V315, M316, L326, C328,



CD4

V330, L340, L342, I358, W368, C370


209
Integrin beta-1
P05556
C27, A32, C38, I39, C45, C64, I114, L119, L121, L123, F131, L133, I143, L145, Y146, Y147, L148, M149, L151, M155,





V162, L169, M173, I182, F184, F187, V188, Y195, I196, C213, Y219, F232, V236, F252, A254, I255, M256, V258, A259,





C261, I265, V270, L273, L274, V275, F276, I293, Y316, L322, L326, I331, I334, F335, A336, V337, Y345, L348, I352,





L360, V367, I371, I372, V382, L384, C415, I418, F426, I428, I430, I445, V454, V456, L458


210
Gag-Pol polyprotein/group
P05961
L8, W16, I19, L21, Y29, V34, A37, L41, L50, L51, C57, I60, L61, L64, L75, L78, V82, A83, L85, Y86, C87, V88, I94, A100,



M subtype B (isolate MN)

I104, W158, V161, V162, F167, V171, I172, F175, A182, L187, M190, L191, V194, A199, A200, L204, I208, A212, I239,



(HIV-1)

A240, W252, V261, Y265, I269, L273, I276, V277, I285, F296, Y299, V300, F303, Y304, L307, A309, L325, C333,





L337, M350, C353, C395, A405, C416, L499, I507, I509, A516, L518, V526, L527, M530, V550, Y553, I556, I558, I560,





C561, A565, V569, L570, V571, I578, I579, L583, L584, L591, V603, I624, A626, L627, I630, C631, I640, I643, V653,





F654, A655, I656, L667, V668, F670, L673, V683, A691, L693, V699, V701, L702, V704, A707, Y708, F709, V711,





L713, F717, A722, F723, I725, I728, Y737, Y739, V741, L742, W746, A751, I752, F753, M757, I760, L761, F764, L780,





Y781, V782, L786, H791, I795, L798, H801, L802, L803, F807, F820, W822, M823, Y825, L827, W832, V834, L839,





W845, V847, I850, L853, L857, A860, I863, Y864, I867, L872, L876, L888, A892, L896, A897, L903, L918, I919, A920,





V922, W930, Y932, I934, L942, A948, A953, V958, L961, A964, V965, I968, I973, V974, F982, L984, I986, W991,





W994, W995, A1001, W1003, I1004, W1007, V1016, W1019, I1027, F1033, V1035, A1039, A1048, Y1050, L1062, L1072,





A1074, I1075, H1076, L1077, A1078, L1079, V1086, I1088, V1089, A1095, I1099, V1111, I1114, I1115, L1118,





V1124, L1126, V1141, V1145, A1161, M1175, A1186, W1214, V1225, I1226, L1227, A1229, V1230, H1231, I1237,





F1253, L1254, L1257, A1258, V1279, C1283, L1311, I1314, A1328, V1329, A1332, V1333, I1344, A1349, I1353,





A1358, I1361, V1378


211
Collagen alpha-2
P05997
C64


212
T-cell surface glycoprotein
P06127
F33, A35, C44, L48, V50, L52, V59, C60, W64, A77, V80, C81, L90, L92, I105, I106, C107, F114, C125, L128, L130,



CD5

C132, L133, V289, V291, L300, C301, W312, V315, C316, C321, C350, C360, V365


213
Insulin receptor
P06213
L29, C35, I40, L47, L50, C53, V55, I56, L60, M65, L81, M83, I84, L88, L90, V93, L99, L102, F103, L106, V108, I109,





A119, L120, I122, M125, L128, L131, L133, L136, V144, I146, L152, I163, L164, C186, C209, W210, C223, C228, C235,





C239, C252, A254, F275, W278, C286, V305, L326, I348, A354, L357, C360, I363, L367, I369, I371, L381, L385, I388,





I391, Y394, L395, I397, L406, F408, F409, L412, I415, F427, A429, L435, L438, W439, L446, I448, L453, F455, H456,





L461, I466, M469, I512, L514, W516, L532, A537, M580, I591, V593, A608, I638, L640, V657, I809, I820, L822, A824,





C825, V867, H868, V886, V900, C911, V923, I925, A927, F942, V944


214
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck
P06239
V66, L88, A100, I111, A137, L141, F151, L152, I153, L165, V167, I183, I193, L205, Y209, L216, L220, V240, L245,



(EC 2.7.10.2)

L247, V270, V272, L275, F285, A289, L295, L300, L303, A305, V306, V307, I312, I314, I315, L324, L328, L341, L342,





M344, A345, I348, A349, M352, I355, I361, H362, L365, A367, A368, I370, V372, C378, I380, A381, F383, A386, A408,





A411, F417, V423, W424, F426, I428, L429, L430, I433, V449, L453, C465, L469, M473, C476, W477, F487, L490,





V493, L494


215
Alpha-galactosidase A (EC
P06280
W44, H46, C63, I64, L68, F69, M72, A73, M76, W81, Y86, L89, C90, I91, C94, W95, M96, L120, A121, V124, L129, L131,



3.2.1.22)

I133, Y134, A135, V137, Y152, A156, F159, V164, L167, F169, L180, Y184, M187, A190, V199, Y200, C202, I219,





C223, H225, W226, I232, I239, I242, L243, I253, W262, M267, L268, V269, I270, V281, M284, A285, L286, W287, A288,





I289, M290, A291, A292, L294, M296, A307, L311, V316, I319, F337, V339, W340, A348, A350, V351, A352, M353,





I354, I367, V369, L372, A377, C378, A381, C382, I384, L403, I407, V413, L414, L415, L417


216
HLA class II
P06340
H50, F58, V60, A78, A87, I89, L131, I132, C133, V135, I138, W147, F174, L177, V180, Y187, C189, V191, H193



histocompatibility antigen,



DO alpha chain


217
Gelsolin
P06396
F59, I70, W71, V73, L78, V81, L85, F89, A94, Y95, V96, I97, L98, V101, L112, H113, W115, A127, A128, L135, A143,





F157, A173, L189, F190, V192, V198, A200, F210, C215, F216, I217, L218, L220, I224, W227, L238, A240, V243,





I247, G254, G264, M270, L271, P276, A279, L280, A282, G283, A292, A298, L300, V303, M310, A316, F321, A322, L326,





C331, F332, I333, L334, I342, F343, V344, A358, L359, A362, F365, I366, V377, V379, L380, F389, F392, A434, M439,





I449, I452, F468, Y474, I475, I476, Y478, Y480, I489, I490, W493, V526, H534, L535, L538, F539, M544, I545, I546,





L565, F566, V568, A578, L588, A593, F594, V595, L596, A602, L604, W605, A610, A618, L621, L622, V632, F641,





A644, L645, L657, L669, A671, C672, V680, L693, A694, V698, M699, L700, L701, V707, F708, V709, W710, A723,





L724, A727, I744, V747, F756


218
Complement C2 (EC
P06681
L47, A82, C89, Y107, V113, C144, C151, A160, V173, C191, I462, M573, V697



3.4.21.43)


219
Complement C5
P06684
A691, C703, C728, A731, C735, C736, A739


220
Glycogen phosphorylase,
P06737
I16, V25, L28, F32, L36, F54, A55, L56, A57, V60, L64, V83, Y84, Y85, L86, L88, F90, L96, M100, I101, L105, A108,



liver form (EC 2.4.1.1)

C109, I113, L118, L123, L132, L137, L140, A141, A142, C143, F144, L145, M148, A149, L151, L153, A154, A155,





Y156, Y158, I160, Y162, V201, F203, V222, A224, V239, M242, L244, W245, A247, A273, I276, L280, L294, Y298, F299,





V300, V301, A302, A303, L305, I308, I309, F317, F327, F330, V334, A335, I336, L338, A344, L345, A346, I347, L350,





M351, F354, I357, L360, A365, L368, F373, A374, Y375, V380, W388, L392, V393, L396, L397, H400, I403, I404, I407,





I415, L418, M429, L431, I432, I440, M442, A443, L445, C446, I447, A452, V453, V456, A457, I459, H460, V464, F469,





F472, L475, I487, W492, L493, L494, A501, L503, I504, Y512, V513, L516, L519, L522, H523, F531, L532, V538,





L544, F546, L550, M563, F564, V566, I571, Y574, L578, L579, C581, L582, H583, V584, I585, I591, V604, I605, I606,





A610, A611, M616, A617, I620, I621, L623, I624, V627, V630, V631, M636, V637, L641, V643, I644, L646, V651, L653,





A654, V657, I658, A660, L663, I667, A670, M680, F682, M683, L684, A687, L688, I690, A696, M700, A701, F712,





A729, L736, L739, V742, I743, I746, F759, I762, L766, F772, F775, Y778, Y781, V782, C784, V788, Y792, V802,





L803, I806, A807, F812, I818, Y821, A822, W826


221
Glucose-6-phosphate
P06744
A2, L4, F10, L13, W16, L26, F40, I51, V53, Y55, L59, V60, V64, M67, L68, L71, A72, V77, A79, A80, M84, A97, V98, L99,



isomerase

H100, V101, A102, L103, I111, V118, V125, M129, F132, C133, V136, I149, V152, I153, I155, M166, V167, A170,





L171, V184, I192, L205, F206, I207, I208, A209, F213, A222, A225, F229, A233, A238, V239, H242, F243, V244,





A245, L246, V253, F256, I258, F264, F266, W269, V270, Y274, L276, W277, A279, I280, L282, I284, A285, L286, F293,





L296, L297, A300, M303, F307, L312, A316, V318, L319, L320, A321, L322, L323, I325, W326, A337, M338, L339,





Y341, L345, F348, F352, V379, Y392, I395, C404, F406, L407, I408, F429, L436, M437, A445, L463, I477, F479, L482,





M486, L487, A489, L490, V491, A492, M493, Y494, H496, I498, F499, V500, I503, I504, W505


222
Tumor necrosis factor
P06804
A93, V95, L127, V137, V141, F143, L154, H156, V158, C179, L204, L210, A212, F230, V232


223
Beta-hexosaminidase
P06865
W24, Y37, V60, L61, A64, L90, V94, L95, V96, V97, Y116, L118, I120, C125, L127, V132, W133, A135, L136, L139, F142,



subunit alpha (EC 3.2.1.52)

I156, I161, H169, L172, L173, L174, L181, I186, L190, V192, M193, L198, V200, F201, H202, W203, H204, L205,





V206, F211, F216, L221, Y234, V239, V242, A246, I251, V253, L254, A255, F257, L264, W266, L273, V290, F300,





M301, F304, F305, V308, F312, L317, H318, L319, F326, W329, I335, M339, L351, F354, Y355, I356, L359, L360, V363,





Y366, V371, V372, W373, V376, I389, V391, V398, Y400, L404, V407, A414, L415, L416, W420, L422, F434, Y435,





A457, C458, M459, L469, L473, W474, A477, A479, V480, A481, L484, W485, A496, L500, F503, L507, V519


224
Thrombomodulin
P07204
C369, C388, C390, C413, C439, C464


225
Vitamin K-dependent
P07225
C212, C241, C265, C267



protein S


226
Prostate-specific antigen
P07288
I25, V40, V42, V53, L54, V55, V60, L61, A63, A64, C66, I73, L75, F90, V92, L121, L123, L124, L126, L132, A135, V136,





C152, A154, F165, V174, L176, C184, C198, A199, L217, C219, L223, I226, L242, Y243, V246


227
Cathepsin D (EC 3.4.23.5)
P07339
L71, I83, I85, F92, V94, V95, W104, V105, C117, Y123, L147, V156, F179, F190, F195, I198, L199, M201, V214, F215,



[Cleaved into: Cathepsin D

L218, F229, A268, W270, V272, L274, V277, V279, L285, A292, V294, M301, V308, L311, A317, I327, I338, L340,



light chain; Cathepsin D

L342, L349, Y354, F370, L382, L385, V388, F389, I390, Y394, V396, F397, V404, F406, A407



heavy chain]


228
Trypsin-1 (EC 3.4.21.4)
P07477
I24, V39, L41, L52, W57, V58, V59, A61, C64, I69, V71, L73, V80, L81, F87, I88, I108, M109, L110, I111, L113, I119,





V123, I126, L128, C139, I141, W144, C160, A163, C171, A173, Y175, F184, C185, V186, V204, C206, L210, V213, V214,





V228, Y229, V232, Y235, V236, I239


229
Decorin
P07585
V65, C67, V75, L86, L88, I93, I96, F101, L107, L110, L112, I117, A124, F125, L128, L131, L134, L136, L144, L152,





L155, A157, I162, V165, F170, L173, M176, I179, L181, L186, A195, F196, M199, L202, I205, I207, A208, I212, I215,





L223, L226, L228, I233, V236, L241, L244, L247, L250, L252, I257, L265, L271, L274, L276, L281, L288, I294, V297,





L299, I304, F312, C313, Y324, V327, L329, A352


230
Prosaposin
P07602
C66, V69, V70, A73, I86, L90, C94, V110, I117, L118, V131, C132, C230, C265, C271, V317, C318, L321, V325, I338,





M345, C346, C357, V360, I368, L369, V381, C382, V411, C412, L415, V416, L419, I432, L436, C451, F454, L462, L466,





M470, V475, C476, A481


231
Beta-hexosaminidase
P07686
A55, W57, L70, C91, L93, L94, A97, V124, L127, V129, I131, A139, Y149, L151, V153, A158, L160, A162, V165, W166,



subunit beta (EC 3.2.1.52)

A168, L169, L172, F175, I189, I194, H202, I205, L206, I207, L214, I219, L223, A225, M226, F228, F231, V233, L234,





H235, W236, H237, I238, V239, F244, I249, L254, Y266, V271, V274, A278, I283, L286, F289, L296, W298, L305,





I322, L333, F336, F337, I340, F344, I349, H350, L351, F358, W361, I367, M371, L383, F386, Y387, I388, V391, L392,





I395, I398, I403, V404, W405, V421, V423, Y429, L433, V436, V443, I444, L445, W449, L451, Y463, Y464, A486, C487,





L502, W503, A506, A508, V509, L513, W514, A525, L529, H532, M536, I541, A548


232
Uromodulin
P07911
C106, C315, V357, F369, A424


233
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-
P07949
Y30, F31, Y36, L40, V42, L50, V53, L68, L72, L80, I86, L95, L97, L109, V121, L123, V125, A143, V145, F147, C166,



protein kinase receptor Ret

F174, F185, C197, V223, L229, L239, A241, V242, C243, V245, F258, V260, V262, Y263, A269, Y314, F329, L358, L372



(EC 2.7.10.1)


234
Fumarate hydratase,
P07954
V62, A70, V92, I93, A95, F96, I98, L99, A102, A103, A104, V106, A117, A119, I120, A123, A124, V127, L138, V140,



mitochondrial

V153, V156, I157, A161, I162, V175, V181, F191, A194, M195, H196, I197, A198, A199, A200, V203, L207, L211, L214,





L218, A220, F225, I228, I229, I231, V240, L242, L244, F248, Y251, V255, A258, I262, M266, I269, L272, A273, A274,





A278, F289, V293, A294, V297, L303, A308, L315, A317, H318, A320, L321, L324, M328, A332, L335, I338, A339,





I342, L356, L358, C377, M380, V383, A384, V387, M388, V392, V394, V407, M411, M412, I413, V416, L417, A420,





L422, L423, F430, C434, V435, V436, I438, A440, I445, M449, L455, L459, A468, I471, A475, L482, A486, L492,





F497


235
Gap junction beta-1 protein
P08034
F51, C60, C64, H73, C168, V170, C179


236
Rhodopsin
P08100
V11, Y26, W35, F103, C110, L112, I179, C185


237
Beta-microseminoprotein
P08118
C38, C57, C60, C62, I67, C84, V97


238
Annexin A6
P08133
A26, L29, A32, M33, I43, L44, I47, V58, Y62, L70, I71, L74, L85, I86, V87, L89, M90, A98, I101, A104, I105, C114, L115,





I116, I118, L119, M127, L130, A133, Y134, L142, I146, I147, M157, L158, V159, L162, V177, V181, L184, A187, F199,





I200, I202, L203, L211, V214, F215, Y218, I226, I230, L241, M242, L243, A244, V245, V246, C248, I249, F256, A257,





L260, A263, M264, L274, I275, I277, M278, V279, L284, M286, L287, I289, I292, F293, L301, I305, L317, L318, L320,





V338, A339, W343, V357, A369, L372, A375, M376, I386, I387, I390, I401, F405, L413, M414, L417, L428, I429,





L432, M433, Y439, A441, W44, A447, M448, A457, L458, I461, L462, A463, I470, I473, A476, Y477, L485, L489, I500,





L501, A505, A519, A523, V525, A526, I529, L530, I532, F547, M548, I550, L551, L559, V562, F563, F566, V574, I578,





A589, F590, A592, I593, V594, V597, L602, F604, A605, L608, M612, L622, I625, M626, I632, L634, L635, I637,





F641, L649, I653, A664, L665, L666, L668, C669


239
Multidrug resistance protein
P08183
A58, M75, L107, M111, Y118, V125, A129, F135, C137, A139, A140, I144, I147, F151, F152, A154, I155, M156, I160,



1 (EC 3.6.3.44)

L171, L175, V179, I182, I186, A198, V206, L214, I218, A233, A250, A254, V257, A260, V264, A266, F267, Y277, L281,





A284, A292, A301, A302, A308, A311, A313, F314, L332, V334, F335, V338, A348, A358, A362, I365, I369, I375,





L392, V397, L410, L413, V417, V423, A424, L425, V426, C431, L439, M440, V451, I458, I461, V463, L466, I470, V473,





L479, F480, I484, I488, I500, V504, A507, A509, I513, V524, I539, A540, I541, A542, A544, I551, L553, L554, A557,





V569, A572, L573, A576, I583, I585, V592, I598, A599, F601, L615, Y622, I700, C717, A718, I735, I736, L754, L758,





F759, L762, A780, L784, L788, V792, F793, M796, L797, L818, A822, V825, A828, A834, A841, L857, A897, A900,





I901, F904, V907, F916, A935, C956, A961, L976, V977, F983, A1001, A1005, H1007, I1008, V1035, F1037, V1040,





F1042, L1053, L1056, V1060, L1066, A1067, L1068, V1069, V1079, L1082, L1083, V1094, I1101, L1104, V1106, L1109,





L1113, V1116, F1123, A1128, I1131, I1145, A1148, A1149, A1152, I1154, Y1165, V1169, A1185, I1186, A1187,





L1190, L1198, L1199, V1214, A1217, C1227, I1228, I1230, I1237, I1243, V1244, V1245, L1260, Y1267


240
Mineralocorticoid receptor
P08235
C603, V605, V617, C620, C623, F627, A630, C645, I647, A657, C658, C663, M668, L742, A752, L765, L769, L772,





M777, W783, A784, L787, F790, L801, W806, L809, F812, L814, L827, A830, L833, F835, C849, I855, F859, L862,





L864, F866, Y869, I871, M872, V874, L875, L876, L877, L878, F892, M895, L903, V907, L924, L927, L928, M931,





F943, V954, L960, I964


241
Beta-glucuronidase (EC
P08236
W45, F47, L68, V99, W100, Y101, V119, V120, I123, A130, V132, L147, I168, I170, A171, I172, L176, F208, Y211,



3.2.1.31)

L214, V218, L220, V244, L258, V260, L262, V282, W288, L303, V305, L307, A309, V324, F336, I338, F345, H346, V348,





L373, L376, A378, A380, F381, Y386, Y388, M395, V402, V403, I404, C407, L412, H426, M430, V433, A442, V444,





M445, W446, V448, A449, A459, L463, M465, V466, V479, V482, A493, V498, I517, L521, F525, I536, I537, Y541,





A543, Y561, L565, L566, Y569, L573, V581, L585, I586, F589, F592, V601, I608, F609, A618, A619, L622, Y626


242
ATP-dependent 6-
P08237
I18, A19, V20, L21, A27, M30, A32, A33, V34, A36, V37, V38, A46, V48, V51, L58, V59, V73, L77, A101, A102, L105,



phosphofructokinase, muscle

L113, C114, V115, I116, L122, F128, L135, V159, L161, V162, I165, F169, I176, A181, I185, M186, V189, A196, F203,



type

V204, L205, V207, C212, L215, A216, L217, F229, I230, L243, C244, L247, I260, I261, V262, A263, A266, I279, V283,





V284, V293, L296, A307, L312, A320, V321, L324, L325, A333, V335, V336, L348, V358, A370, A389, A404, V405,





M406, V408, A412, A413, M415, A417, A418, V419, V423, V433, L434, V435, V436, F440, V456, I481, V494, I495,





I496, A501, Y502, L506, C519, F522, V523, V524, I525, A527, V533, V540, A542, A545, C550, C553, A560, V567,





F568, I569, I570, C577, L580, A581, A584, L586, A587, I595, L605, V609, L612, M616, L624, V625, L626, I640,





Y644, A676, M679, A683, M684, M687, I691, A702, V710, L711, V723, L726, W742, L745


243
Neutrophil elastase (EC
P08246
I30, V45, L47, A57, L59, V65, M66, A68, A69, V72, A73, A79, V80, V82, L84, I118, V119, I120, L121, V133, A153, M154,



3.4.21.37)

W156, A166, L172, V174, C187, L206, V207, C208, I212, I215, A216, C223, A231, F232, A233, V235, I242


244
72 kDa type IV collagenase
P08253
A50, L54, C60, L74, M77, L83, I124, L135, V140, A143, F144, A147, F148, W151, L157, A167, I169, I171, F173, F184,



(EC 3.4.24.24)

A192, F195, F207, L212, W213, V221, V223, Y225, G226, A228, C233, F235, F237, C247, W258, C259, C274, A286,





C291, F295, C305, W316, C317, C332, A347, C349, F353, F355, W374, C375, A376, A379, Y381, W387, C390, L397,





F398, V400, A401, A402, F405, H407, A408, M409, L411, A419, L420, M421, A422, Y427, L433, I441, L444, I478,





A479, I485, F487, F488, I493, W494, A522, V523, Y524, A526, V533, F534, F535, Y543, L556, V568, A570, A571,





F572, I582, F583, I606, L617, A619, V620, V621, F631, F632, L640, W657


245
Neuraminidase (EC
P08326
I104, V112, V114, F119, V120, F130, F131, L132, L156, V159, A176, W177, A179, A181, C182, M189, V191, V193,



3.2.1.18)/strain

A200, V201, A202, V204, L222, C231, I232, Y237, V239, M240, A249, Y251, I253, A256, I261, H273, I274, C277,



A/Equine/Kentucky/1/1981

C279, Y280, V286, C288, V289, C290, L302, I304, C316, I319, F349, F351, V357, W358, A359, I363, F371, I373, I374,





I393, I394, L397, F406, L418, C421, F422, W423, V424, M426, W437, I443, M445


246
Neprilysin (EC 3.4.24.11)
P08473
A66, L69, F83, A87, C88, L118, L122, A132, A136, A138, L139, L157, L158, I164, W167, V169, W174, A184, A187,





I188, A189, L191, I201, L203, I217, H218, I219, Y231, A244, Y245, F248, M249, V252, A253, I256, M273, V276,





L279, I283, A284, A286, M303, L305, A306, I308, L314, I316, W323, F326, I330, M331, I336, V344, V345, V346,





A348, Y351, L352, L355, L359, L367, M371, W373, I376, V380, L383, Y387, F394, C411, A412, V415, M419, A422, V423,





Y427, V440, I444, I447, V450, F451, L455, A463, A469, A473, A475, L493, Y497, L500, A539, I553, V554, F555, F564,





F565, L573, I578, M580, I582, I586, F590, F615, M622, Y626, A634, I649, A650, A658, A661, Y662, L685, F686, F687,





L688, F690, A691, V693, C695, A703, I719, L723, F729, C735, M741, V749


247
Integrin alpha-IIb
P08514
L34, Y42, F50, L54, H57, I66, V67, V68, A70, V84, C87, L115, L124, V128, I135, V136, A137, C138, A139, W144,





V146, A153, V158, C161, L163, A164, A172, Y174, C198, A200, L212, V213, L214, A216, L225, L226, A227, A229,





V231, I234, L243, V247, Y284, V285, V286, A288, W291, A297, V298, I300, L301, F320, A325, V329, L337, L338, V339,





A341, A354, V356, V359, Y360, L361, L378, F387, A392, L394, L397, I405, A406, V407, A408, V420, V422, L438,





A447, F448, Y463, L466, I467, V468, A470, V476, A477, V478, Y479, A481, V485, I518, V522, L535, A537, L539, L541,





V552, A581, I596, L598, L600, C633, L662, L664, A675, A681, V682, A688, A693, V715, V716, M724, M734, V736,





F750, L752, I754, A775, Y815, L817, V825, L828, I832, V919, C921, M926, V934, L940, L945, L955, A959, V982,





L986


248
Apolipoprotein
P08519
C4145, W4148, C4173, C4184


249
Pleckstrin
P08567
V26, V27, L28, I33, F35, I48, V68, F69, I71, H79, F81, W92, I96, I100, M133, I140, C155, F156, V161, I162, L165, A181,





L184, L190, A200, F209, A215, Y217, F219, L251, F266, L268, A273, L275, H276, I290, L292, L314, F315, I317, L327,





A329, W338, I342, A345


250
Collagen alpha-2
P08572
L1492, L1518, Y1519, L1531, Y1565, W1566, L1567, I1587, C1590, V1592, C1593, A1595, F1625, H1628, A1630,





C1646, F1655, I1656, C1658, C1665, C1705, V1707, C1708, M1709


251
Receptor-type tyrosine-
P08575
C226, F246, A248, V279, I281, L295, V297, V301, I319, L321, F340, C365, I369, I408, W410, F420, L422, L444, L455,



protein phosphatase C (EC

L457, A459, A463, M499, V501, L518, V520, F537, F550, A552, F554



3.1.3.48)


252
Hepatocyte growth factor
P08581
A48, I62, F63, L64, A66, I70, Y71, V72, L73, L78, L130, I131, C133, C141, H144, I154, I161, C175, V176, V177, I193,



receptor

F195, F196, V197, I214, V216, L219, I235, V237, Y245, I259, Y260, F261, L262, I278, I279, F281, L288, Y291, M294,





L296, C298, I299, L300, F314, I316, L317, A319, L329, A330, I341, F343, G344, V345, F346, A347, A354, A361, M362,





C363, F365, I367, V370, V383, L386, H388, F389, L424, L429, F430, L439, I442, I452, A453, L455, F462, V465, V467,





H476, V477, V486, L503, V504, I505, I510, I513, L515, L518, C520, C529, C541, C561, A573, L581, I583, F588, V603,





L622, C624, I638, I640, F652, I659


253
Complement factor H
P08603
C21, A48, Y50, V62, C66, C80, V108, A110, C129, C141, V144, C146, V174, F176, M190, C192, C205, Y227, F233,





Y235, A249, C251, C325, V347, Y355, I372, C389, F391, L394, V414, L422, V429, C431, Y467, A473, C494, C505,





L532, I551, C553, C569, Y587, L593, F595, V609, C611, L636, V655, Y657, I671, C673, C684, Y709, V715, F717, I731,





C733, C744, C753, L761, F771, I777, C792, C870, I876, C915, C926, V942, V955, A971, C973, C984, C1048, Y1067,





V1073, V1089, C1109, I1120, V1134, Y1136, C1138, L1144, I1150, C1152, C1167, I1169, M1174, I1179, L1181, L1189,





V1197, F1199, C1218, L1223, C1228


254
Genome polyprotein
P08617
W91, V106, V107, L110, V117, L121, A127, F129, I131, V135, L147, I148, A150, M151, V152, V202, I207, V209, L213,



[Cleaved into: Protein

V227, A229, F231, A306, V326, Y329, F331, L346, A347, C350, W356, L360, L376, C379, V418, A443, I444, I448,



VP0/genotype IB (isolate

Y450, C451, V465, L471, F600, Y628, V644, V702, I722, Y727, L734, C738, L841, F869, L880, I907, I911, F914, L953,



HM175) (HHAV) (Human

L954, I962, V1528, V1533, F1535, V1537, M1548, A1550, L1551, V1553, L1558, L1559, V1560, F1576, F1578, V1604,



hepatitis A virus (isolate

V1605, L1606, M1607, V1609, I1618, I1623, A1631, A1636, L1638, V1639, L1654, V1676, A1679, W1680, M1690,



Human/Australia/

A1694, L1695, V1696, I1706, L1707, I1709, A1712, L1718, V1719, A1720, L1722, V1723



HM175/1976))


255
40S ribosomal protein S17
P08708
V9, A13, I17, C35, I50, A51, V54, I61


256
Coagulation factor VII (EC
P08709
C141, I213, C219, V228, L229, L230, L242, V248, V249, A251, A252, L264, A266, L268, V285, V288, I289, Y294,



3.4.21.21)

I303, A304, L305, L306, V318, L321, L333, V341, W344, A354, V362, C370, M387, F388, C389, A390, H408, A409,





H411, L418, I421, V422, V436, Y437, V440, Y443, I444, W446, L447, L450, A463


257
Interleukin-6 receptor
P08887
L45, C47, V50, V58, W60, V86, Y94, C96, V130, C132, L148, L149, V150, C176, L178, Y188, V190, M192, V194, L234,



subunit alpha

V236, L251, F253, L255, Y257, A259, V270, L273, I279, A282, H288, V290, L292, A294


258
Dihydropteridine reductase
P09417
V13, L14, V15, C26, V27, F30, V37, A38, V40, V67, V71, V80, A82, I83, L84, C85, M107, L121, A122, L131, L132,



(EC 1.5.1.34)

L134, A153, V157, H158, C161, A176, A177, I178, A179, V180, L181, L208, F212, L227, I228, V230


259
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
P09467
L14, F17, V18, L34, L38, A41, V42, I45, A52, L74, V82, L86, A91, C93, V94, L95, V96, V106, V115, V116, C117, F118,



1

L121, V133, I136, F137, I139, Y140, A153, A162, A163, Y165, A166, L174, V175, L176, A177, V182, C184, F185,





F194, A223, V224, Y227, V250, V253, L257, I262, F263, L264, L278, L279, Y280, C282, M285, A286, Y287, V288,





M289, A292, A296, V303, L304, I311, A315, V317, I318, L319, V325, F328, V331


260
Macrophage colony-
P09603
C39, I43, L51, L54, F69, V70, L75, C80, A85, V89, M93, L112, L115, L119, C122, C134, L145, V149, V152, F153,



stimulating factor 1

L160, F167, C171


261
Platelet-derived growth
P09619
L52, C54, V60, W62, L85, L90, C100, Y117, I118, F119, V120, I147, C149, V151, L160, C190, V225, I231, L233,



factor receptor beta

C235, V237, L265, L276, I278, Y289, C291, V293, I308


262
Pro-cathepsin H [Cleaved
P09668
V240, V279



into: Cathepsin H mini



chain; Cathepsin H (EC



3.4.22.16); Cathepsin H



heavy chain; Cathepsin H



light chain]


263
Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal
P09936
M12, L13, V16, L17, L20, V22, A23, V42, C47, A48, L49, L50, L51, L52, F53, I67, M82, I86, L95, I96, H97, A98, V99,



hydrolase isozyme L1

L114, F117, L118, A130, F133, I139, A142, H143, V146, A147, F160, H161, F162, I163, L164, F165, L172, Y173, L175,





M179, L193, L194, A197, A198, C201, V212, V217, A218, L219, C220


264
Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase
P09960
C8, V16, C17, L22, V28, L35, A39, L41, V43, L53, L55, V65, I67, M87, I89, A94, L95, I103, I105, F107, A115, L116,





L119, Y131, L132, F133, C136, A138, C141, A143, L145, C147, V153, Y157, A159, V161, V163, L167, A169, L170,





A173, F192, I198, C200, Y201, L202, A204, V206, V207, V221, V228, F235, M241, L242, A245, L248, L259, L260, V261,





L262, F266, C275, L276, F278, V279, L283, I294, A295, I298, H300, W302, V307, W312, W316, L317, H321, Y324, L325,





H328, I329, A343, L344, L350, L366, L370, V382, F388, A389, L390, L391, F392, L394, L397, L398, F404, F407, L408,





Y411, V412, I420, W425, L429, L440, W448, C469, W476, F487, F503, L504, I518, M521, F527, I535, W539, L540,





L542, C543, I544, A551, L554, A555, A559, F567, L571, F572, L575, A585, Y589, H597, L603, V604


265
Complement C4-A
P0C0L4
L24, L25, F26, V31, L37, V39, V41, L43, V52, V56, L76, L87, A94, L110, V111, A112, I130, L132, I149, Y150, V156,





Y158, V160, A162, I174, V176, V178, I215, A217, F219, F231, V233, F241, I252, I266, A268, I271, V276, A280, V282,





L286, L305, F319, V340, A341, A343, I345, L378, A382, L386, V390, V403, V405, A407, V409, V431, I433, I435, L444,





A450, V462, L473, L491, M508, L510, V529, V533, F541, F543, V544, A545, F546, Y547, V560, A564, L633, V646,





F647, L652, F654, I687, C703, A720, C735, A739, F833, L835, L837, L855, L863, V865, V867, V889, V897, V901, V913,





V914, A915, V927, L931, V945, L948, V978, V980, A994, L995, V1000, A1001, M1015, I1016, L1018, A1019, A1023,





A1024, Y1027, L1028, A1045, I1049, I1056, Y1066, A1067, A1068, W1077, L1078, A1080, V1082, L1083, V1085,





L1086, A1089, L1107, F1117, L1132, V1139, A1140, L1141, A1143, F1144, V1145, I1147, A1148, L1149, V1168,





A1175, L1179, A1192, A1193, A1194, I1195, A1197, A1199, L1200, A1205, L1210, A1213, L1217, W1230, I1262,





A1266, Y1267, A1268, L1269, H1271, A1282, A1285, L1289, V1306, I1307, A1308, A1311, L1327, V1329, L1331,





L1358, I1366, V1368, L1378, Y1384, L1501, V1512, V1522, L1524, F1538, A1540, L1578, A1617, Y1625, F1627,





V1629, F1643, I1647, F1667, V1669, Y1683, L1684, I1685, M1686, Y1701


266
Complement C4-B
P0C0L5
L43, I149, I271, L305, V409, L510, A564, L652, I1366


267
Serum amyloid A-1 protein
P0DJI8
M35, A38, F54, A56, A62, A72, A73, A99, A100


268
Serum amyloid A-2 protein
P0DJI9
A72, A99


269
Transcriptional activator
P10071
C548, L563, C578



GLI3


270
HLA class I
P10321
M29, Y31, A35, F46, V52, F57, V58, F60, A73, W75, V76, Y83, Y91, A95, L102, L105, L119, M122, C125, L127, Y142,



histocompatibility antigen,

Y147, I148, L150, L154, W157, A163, A164, A176, A177, L184, C188, V189, L192, Y195, L196, L203, V213, A223,



Cw-7 alpha chain

L225, C227, A229, F232, Y233, L239, W241, A269, A270, V271, V272, V273, Y281, C283, M285, H287


271
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P10448
A50, L61, C62, C65, L71, A74, L75, C80, A87, V89, V91, C102, I112, L115, L119, A135, Y143, I145, C151, F161,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

M164, A165, W166, A167, V168, V180, V182, I193, V195, W196, H199, M206, Y210, F218, I251, V253, I266, Y268, I272,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

L273, L274, V278, A281, I288, C300, L301, H302, A385, A511



chain]/strain B/Bonn/1943


272
Lysosomal protective
P10619
L54, H61, L62, H63, Y64, W65, F66, V67, V78, V79, L80, W81, L82, L91, L94, L95, H98, F101, W117, A121, V123, L124,



protein (EC 3.4.16.5)

Y125, V132, F134, V149, A156, L157, F160, F164, Y167, L172, F173, L174, Y179, A180, I182, Y183, I184, L187,





A188, V189, V191, L202, V204, L208, L218, V219, A222, L236, F248, C256, L260, V263, V267, V297, V298, M327,





A337, Y340, L341, V346, L350, W359, C362, V366, Y370, M377, Y381, L382, L384, L385, L393, L394, Y395, M401,





F411, V412, W426, V428, V441, I447, A448, F449, L450, I452, A455, H457, V459, A466, A467, M470, F471, F474


273
Mast/stem cell growth factor
P10721
I54, L56, C58, W66, Y95, C97, I107, V109, V111, F118, V134, C136, I170, I172, V175, L184, C186, V188, F200, L202,



receptor Kit

V213, F229, V231, C233, I235, W246, A273, L275, A280, F288, C290, A292, V325, L333, V335, Y337, A339, W348,





Y362, V374, L377, L382, Y390, F392, V394, F405, V407, V409, C428, A430, A431, W440, V473, V474, V489, C491,





A493


274
60 kDa heat shock protein,
P10809
A36, M40, V44, L47, A48, V51, V80, A81, A95, V98, V101, A102, A116, V118, L119, A120, I123, A124, I140, V144,



mitochondrial

A147, V148, A150, V151, L155, V162, I168, V171, A172, A176, I182, I186, A189, M190, F219, F228, C237, A242,





V244, L245, L246, I251, I257, V258, A260, L271, V272, I273, I274, A275, V278, A282, L286, V297, V298, A299, V300,





A302, L313, M316, A317, A319, V324, F325, L342, V345, V348, I349, V350, L357, L358, I371, I374, A395, L397, V401,





A402, V403, L404, V406, V421, A424, A427, A430, A431, V437, L438, C442, A443, L444, L445, C447, I465, I467, I468,





L472, A476, A480, I490, V491, I494, A507, M513, I519, A528, L529, A532, A533, A536, L539


275
Thyroid hormone receptor
P10828
C107, V109, A114, C124, C127, F131, C151, I153, C164, F166, C169, M174, V225, A228, H229, L246, A268, F269,



beta

I280, V283, F286, A287, L290, F293, L304, C308, C309, I312, L315, A318, L328, A335, V336, V349, F354, A371, L372,





L373, A375, L377, L378, M379, I392, F399, A402, F403, L421, V425, L428, I431, A436, F439, M442, C446, L456


276
Growth hormone receptor
P10912
F64, C66, L84, C112, F114, Y125, I127, L129, C140, V143, V147, L160, A169, I171, V173, M188, L194, V217, L220,





V228, V230, V249


211
78 kDa glucose-regulated
P11021
V30, V31, I33, L35, C41, V42, V44, I53, Y65, V66, A67, F68, A80, V92, L98, I99, V108, V119, Y127, I128, V130, A141,



protein

I145, A147, L150, M153, A157, A159, V165, A168, V169, V170, V172, A174, A183, A187, A191, L193, V195, M196,





A204, A205, A206, I207, A208, L211, I220, L221, V222, F223, L225, F230, V232, L234, L235, I237, F242, V244,





V245, A246, L253, F258, V262, M263, F266, I267, Y270, V278, A284, V285, L288, V292, A295, L299, A305, I307, I309,





Y313, F318, L322, F327, L334, F335, M339, V342, V345, L346, I356, I359, V360, L361, V362, I371, V375, F379, A393,





V394, A395, A398, A399, V400, A402, L422, I426, I437, F451, V461, I463, V465, Y466, I487, I497, V499, F501, L509,





V511, A513, V542, L565, Y568, A569, L572, M594, A597, V598, L605, F616, L623, V627


278
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P11132
V5, I19, C20, I21, A25, V32, I35, V42, I48, L49, L57, C58, L60, L66, L68, C71, V73, A74, W76, L77, L78, C83, F86, W92,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

Y94, I95, V96, Y107, L117, L120, L121, F127, I133, A150, C151, Y153, V163, V164, W165, L166, I176, L188, L189,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

I190, L191, W192, I194, H195, H196, A201, Y207, Y213, V214, V216, L221, M242, F244, F245, I248, L249, I255, F257,



chain]/strain

F263, I264, A265, Y268, A269, Y270, I272, I280, M281, C290, C294, A300, I301, H308, H311, I315, V322, L327, L329,



A/Duck/Ireland/113/1983

A330, A349, M361, Y366, A388, I389, A440, L452, V459, L462, V466, L470, C481, H486, C488, C492, M493, A510



H5N8


279
Solute carrier family 2,
P11166
I40, Y44, W65, I297, F298



facilitated glucose



transporter member 1


280
Solute carrier family 2,
P11168
L10, A17, Y26, V30, I31, I38, Y42, W97, V101, F104, M128, A131, A139, M142, I154, Y164, C165, L171, V172, M174,



facilitated glucose

Y175, I176, I179, W218, L221, L222, A229, L234, L236, L246, A256, L260, L263, M276, L294, I304, V306, A307,



transporter member 2

L310, I322, Y325, I329, F330, V360, F369, M373, M376, C379, A380, M383, A403, I404, F407, V408, I418, M422,





V423, A424, F427, A435, A439, V465, F466, L473, I495


281
Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1
P11177
A38, I39, M43, L47, V53, L55, V60, A61, I82, A93, I95, A96, A100, I107, C108, F110, F113, A119, V123, A127, V140,



component subunit beta,

I142, F144, F162, A163, Y166, V174, V175, A183, L186, I187, A190, V197, V198, V199, L200, Y206, F212, A216,



mitochondrial

I225, I237, V239, V240, V246, A252, A253, L256, C263, V265, I266, M268, I279, V283, L289, V290, I305, I309, A314,





I337, I349, I353


282
Integrin alpha-M
P11215
F27, F34, V46, V47, V48, A50, L63, C66, A84, M87, L89, L102, L103, A104, C105, C123, F124, I151, A152, F153, L154,





I155, I161, M169, F172, V173, V176, M177, L180, F187, L189, M190, Y192, F200, F202, F205, V215, A228, I231,





V234, L238, I252, L253, V254, V255, I256, V271, I272, A275, V280, I281, V284, I285, V287, A290, F291, L300, I303,





A304, F313, V315, F318, A320, L321, L328, I332, F333, L365, L366, V378, I390, M399, L404, I411, L419, V420, L421,





A423, V432, A433, M434, F435, V464, V466, L474, V475, L476, I477, A479, V491, V493, C494, L509, F520, L527,





V530, V538, A539, I540, A542, A551, V552, Y553, L554, F555, I571, A572, L580, F583, L601, V603, A605, V609, L612,





V617, L618, V631, V657, I670, V674, L680, A689, F691, L714, L716, L718, I729, L731, L733, L748, F764, L792,





V794, F800, V802, V804, V806, V818, F820, F822, C864, I881, F883, A889, L895, L897, A899, V925, M951, H953, Y955,





V957, L965, I967, L969, F971, V973, L977, I982, W983, L1014, V1020, A1025, C1027, C1032, F1037, I1039, F1043,





A1045, L1047, L1051, W1055, L1064, I1066, A1070, I1072, V1097


283
Glycogen phosphorylase,
P11217
V16, V25, L28, L36, F54, A55, A57, V60, L64, I83, Y84, Y85, L86, L88, F90, L96, M100, V101, L105, A108, C109, L118,



muscle form (EC 2.4.1.1)

L123, L132, L137, L140, A141, A142, C143, F144, M148, A149, L151, L153, A154, A155, Y156, Y158, I160, Y162,





V201, F203, V222, A224, V238, V239, M242, L244, W245, A247, A273, I276, L280, L294, Y298, F299, V300, V301,





A302, A303, L305, I308, I309, F317, F327, F330, V334, I336, L338, L345, A346, I347, L350, M351, L354, L357,





M360, A365, V368, C373, A374, Y375, V380, W388, L392, L393, L396, L397, H400, I403, I404, I407, F411, V415, A418,





M429, L431, V432, I440, M442, A443, L445, C446, I447, A448, A452, V453, V456, A457, I459, H460, L464, F469, F472,





L475, I487, W492, L493, V494, A501, V503, I504, F512, I513, L516, L519, L522, L523, F531, I532, V538, L544, F546,





L550, L563, F564, I566, I571, Y574, L578, L579, C581, L582, H583, V584, I585, I591, V604, M605, I606, A610, A611,





M616, A617, I620, I621, L623, V624, A626, I627, V630, V631, A636, V637, L641, V643, L646, L653, A654, V657, I658,





A660, A661, L663, I667, A670, M680, F682, M683, L684, A687, L688, I690, A696, M700, A701, F712, A729, I736,





L739, V742, I743, L746, F759, I762, M765, L766, F772, F775, Y778, Y781, I782, C784, V788, Y792, V802, I803, I806,





A807, F812, I818, A819, Y821, A822, W826


284
Spike glycoprotein/strain
P11224
I16, V44, L79, V87, Y96, I104, A106, V108, L111, A121, I128, F132, V140, I148, A150, V152, C153, I157, C158, C165,



A59 (MHV-A59) (Murine

F202, H205, A215, F226, Y240, V241, F244, I245, C246, Y258, Y268, L269, F270, I292, V319, C354, F385, F393, V395,



hepatitis virus)

L411, A414, Y416, Y429, A468, C471, V474, C479, C481, A482, A499, A529, I534, I549, F550, A551, L585, F594,





F619, A641, L652, C658, V661, C682, C706, C775, C780, C786, V800, L876, Y891, V900, V906, I912, A931, V952,





I956, A980, A994, I998, I1030, A1039, L1046, I1047, A1053, L1054, L1067, A1072, A1075, V1079, I1099, V1103,





Y1111, F1112, I1113, H1114


285
Acetylcholine receptor
P11230
W141, C151, Y157, C165, V329



subunit beta


286
Ras-related protein Ral-A
P11233
H15, V17, I18, M19, V20, V25, L30, F34, V55, L57, V62, I64, I66, L67, A70, I78, F83, F89, L90, C91, V92, F93, I95,





F101, F107, I111, V114, V120, F122, L123, L124, V125, L131, V137, A142, A146, A158, V164, V167, F168, L171, M172,





I175, M180


287
Medium-chain specific acyl-
P11310
A27, A52, F55, A56, I60, A65, I78, A81, M87, I91, C106, L107, I108, L112, A113, C116, V119, A122, M131, I133, Y145,



CoA dehydrogenase,

L146, M149, C156, A157, C159, I172, I185, I192, W200, Y201, F202, L203, L204, A205, A215, A218, F219, F222, I223,



mitochondrial

V224, I233, C244, I250, F252, V255, V257, L263, V272, A273, A276, V283, V284, A285, A286, A288, V289, L291,





A292, A295, A299, A303, M326, V330, A333, M335, A340, A341, A354, A357, A361, A365, L368, A369, A372, V387,





A394, Y397


288
Fibroblast growth factor
P11362
L51, L53, C55, V86, V88, C101, F114, V174, F176, C178, I215, M217, V220, Y228, C230, V232, F275, C277, C341,



receptor 1

A343, L356


289
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-
P11413
I33, F34, I35, I36, M37, A39, A44, I48, I52, W53, L55, I67, V68, Y70, A71, F88, F101, Y118, L121, M125, A134, L137,



dehydrogenase

F138, Y139, L140, Y147, V150, I154, C158, I167, I168, I196, Y197, I199, Y202, M207, I230, C232, V233, L235,





I255, I256, V259, M260, L264, L265, M267, L268, C269, V271, A272, M273, V284, Y308, Y322, F337, A338, A339,





V340, V341, L342, V344, W349, F354, I355, L356, C358, A361, A367, V369, L371, V391, I392, V394, A399, L440,





V444, F452, I464, F465, A492


290
Dystrophin
P11532
V25, F29, L40, L50, L51, L54, V77, A80, L81, L84, I99, I111, I114, L140, W143, V144, V156, A168, A171, L172, I173,





L196, A199, F200, A203, I228, Y231, I232, L235, Y344, L348, L355, V375, H382, I399, V420, L427, L445, L3053,





V3070, Y3073, M3088, L3098, A3109, L3112, L3115, L3119, L3121, A3129, M3145, I3150, C3153, L3154, Y3158,





V3175, C3178, L3179, W3181, L3182, L3183, F3199, I3204, L3206, C3207, C3229, L3234, L3238, I3242, I3244, V3263,





C3266, W3294, L3295, V3297, L3298


291
C-1-tetrahydrofolate
P11586
L20, V24, L38, A39, I40, L41, I53, A60, I63, V81, I85, V94, F97, L98, V114, V124, L135, C152, L155, I156, A168, V169,



synthase, cytoplasmic

V170, M181, L185, C195, V206, I211, L212, V213, V214, V222, I227, A231, V233, I234, V256, A261, I268, M278,





A281, L283, M284, A291, L393, V394, A396, L397, V405, F406, A407, V480, L497, I502, F518


292
Cholesteryl ester transfer
P11597
A26, V29, A36, A51, V72, I103, V106, V108, I188, I200, I207, F267, L313, V328, V329, A336, C350, F367, V376,



protein

F380, L426


293
B-lymphocyte antigen CD20
P11836
F146, L147, L152, I162, I164, C167, Y182, C183


294
Amyloid beta A4 protein
P12023
Y476, A479, V490, Y497, L509, F512, A523, I537, L548, M580, L749, M752


295
Collagen alpha-3
P12111
C3112, C3158, C3162


296
Coagulation factor V
P12259
V36, A37, A38, V65, Y66, L85, L86, A92, I98, V100, F102, L110, I112, H113, A126, V142, Y150, W152, I154, C167,





I171, Y172, L186, I187, L190, I192, C193, L213, L214, F215, A216, F218, V234, V238, I245, V247, I253, W255, H256,





L257, L258, F267, I269, H270, F271, L276, L288, V289, A296, M298, W306, I308, H315, M320, I324, I354, A355, A356,





Y363, Y391, V394, M395, L431, F435, Y443, Y483, I487, C500, A516, L519, L523, L524, I525, C526, A546, F548,





M586, I589, V593, V608, W610, H611, F612, I621, I624, H629, F631, L643, V651, V653, M655, W661, L663, L675,





F679, I1584, A1585, A1586, V1618, F1620, I1643, I1648, A1650, I1656, V1658, F1660, Y1668, L1670, H1671, A1672,





L1675, Y1677, Y1708, W1710, A1712, A1729, Y1730, L1744, I1745, L1748, I1750, C1751, F1769, V1770, L1771, L1772,





F1776, A1807, I1808, L1818, M1820, V1826, L1828, L1830, I1839, H1840, V1841, V1842, F1844, H1845, L1849,





L1864, L1872, W1882, L1884, V1888, M1896, F1900, I1902, C1907, L1913, A1937, A1947, W1948, I1963, V1971,





F1993, F2032, I2043, L2054, L2056, M2072, A2101, A2111, W2112, A2114, L2123, I2125, I2133, A2135, I2136,





C2141, V2150, Y2153, I2155, F2178, I2196, I2201, V2203, I2212, A2213, L2214, L2216, L2218


297
Low affinity
P12318
A41, L53, V58, L60, C62, I73, W75, A94, Y102, C104, L117, L120, L124, V125, L126, L131, F133, I139, L141, C143,



immunoglobulin gamma Fc

H144, V154, F156, F157, F172, A177, Y185, C187, I203, V205



region receptor II-a


298
Bone morphogenetic protein
P12643
F305, C329, A343, M371, C393, C395



2


299
Bone morphogenetic protein
P12644
F317, C341, A355, M383, C405, C407



4


300
Angiotensin-converting
P12821
A46, F49, A57, A86, W97, A101, Y105, L117, I121, L132, M147, L172, L176, L185, L186, A188, W189, W192, H193,



enzyme

A196, L200, Y204, F207, A214, Y231, L240, Y244, L247, Y251, L254, H255, A256, V258, L262, I271, I277, A279, H280,





L282, A287, W290, I293, V297, L306, V308, M312, A319, M322, F323, A326, F329, F330, L333, F342, F366, F372,





I374, V388, H389, M392, I395, Y397, Y401, L408, F416, A419, I420, V423, L424, L426, L434, L439, Y453, L454, L455,





M457, A458, L459, A463, L465, F467, L470, V471, W474, W492, L495, I502, C503, F513, A515, A517, V521, F531,





V532, V535, L536, F538, F540, H541, L544, C557, I559, A565, L569, L573, V584, L585, A596, L599, Y602, F603,





V606, A649, F652, Y674, Y700, A704, I717, I720, I721, L732, M747, L770, M774, L783, L784, A786, W787, W790,





A794, I798, Y802, Y805, L808, A812, A821, Y829, L838, F842, L845, L848, Y849, L852, H853, A854, V856, A859, L860,





I869, I875, A877, H878, L879, L880, A885, W888, I891, V895, A901, M904, A909, M910, M920, F921, A924, F927,





F928, L931, F940, L946, V956, F964, F970, I972, L983, A986, H987, M990, I993, Y995, Y999, V1004, A1005, L1006,





A1010, F1014, A1017, I1018, V1021, L1022, A1023, L1024, V1026, L1032, L1037, F1051, L1052, M1053, M1055,





A1056, L1057, I1060, A1061, I1063, F1065, Y1067, L1068, V1069, W1072, W1090, L1093, L1100, C1101, F1111, A1115,





I1119, F1129, V1130, I1133, I1134, F1136, F1138, H1139, A1141, L1142, C1143, H1153, C1155, I1157, A1163,





L1167, A1170, M1171, F1175, A1182, M1183, I1186, A1194, A1196, M1197, Y1200, F1201, L1204, L1208


301
Cadherin-1
P12830
C163, I178, V188, V204, F205, L214, V216, L220, Y228, L230, A234, M246, I248, I250, V252, F262, V271, V284, A301,





M316, I326, V328, Y341, L343, V344, V345, A347, A348, A359, A361, I363, V365, L396, L436, L442, L452, V454,





V456, A471, V473, V475, Y508, I542, L548, Y561, A563, I565, A567, L581, L583, I600, I612, I650, L652, I665, L667,





L669, M670, L681, V683


302
Xaa-Pro dipeptidase
P12955
V18, L22, F23, L30, C31, L34, I45, V46, V47, F71, H72, W73, A74, F75, V77, C82, V85, I86, V88, L95, F96, V97, L136,





L144, L145, L176, I180, V185, V194, L195, A205, H206, V209, M210, L222, F226, C243, C245, I267, M272, C273,





F275, M277, Y281, F284, A285, I288, F292, V305, Y306, A308, V309, V316, W326, H330, A333, L338, L341, I346,





M354, L359, F363, M364, L368, L372, L394, L397, L403, M407, V408, L409, V411, I415, Y416, L422, A425, F443, V449,





I451, V455, I475


303
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P13103
I21, C22, V23, V34, V44, I51, Y59, C60, L70, F75, I79, V80, Y96, L97, L119, L122, F123, I126, F129, I135, C151, F167,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

I177, V189, L190, V191, L192, I195, Y208, V217, M243, I245, I250, I256, F258, F264, L265, A266, Y271, I273, F282,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

C295, I302, L328, A348, Y365, A387, L461, L469, H485, C487, C491



chain]/strain



A/Gull/Maryland/704/1977



H13N6


304
Platelet glycoprotein Ib beta
P13224
V37, C39, L60, L62, L67, A69, L70, W91, C93, L97, L100, L104, L116, C118, L128, L129, L137



chain


305
C-C motif chemokine 2
P13500
C34, C35, C59, A63, V64, I65, F66, I74, A76, V83


306
Cystic fibrosis
P13569
V1240, L1242, L1253, F1257



transmembrane conductance



regulator


307
Integrin alpha-4
P13612
Y44, F52, H59, L67, V69, A71, A74, A87, C91, L106, V142, C144, L160, C165, A196, C198, A200, V212, M213, A215,





L225, V227, V245, L251, F260, V268, V269, A272, H275, A281, Y282, I283, F284, L291, F306, V313, L315, L323, L324,





V325, A327, V339, V341, A349, A366, F368, L375, I378, V386, A387, I388, A390, A399, I400, Y401, Y403, I418,





F430, Y445, A449, V450, A452, A458, V459, L460, L461, V466, F502, M519, L521, F535, V550, A562, A579


308
Sodium/potassium-
P13637
H34, M36, V41, A58, L94, A98, C101, V125, V130, V161, I162, V175, V176, L180, V181, A191, L193, I195, C201, V203,



transporting ATPase subunit

F234, C239, A244, V247, V248, A264, I278, A289, A310, I312, F313, I317, L326, V332, A338, C346, V354, C364,



alpha-3

L371, M376, A379, M381, W408, A410, L411, I414, A415, L417, C418, A421, V432, A445, L446, V457, L480, I482,





H483, Y493, L494, L495, V496, M497, I504, L512, Y532, L535, F545, C546, H547, L550, L573, C574, F575, V576,





L578, M581, A587, V589, A592, V593, C596, A599, I601, I604, M605, A614, A616, A618, I623, I624, A635, A636, A650,





A652, I678, V679, F680, A681, I691, V692, C695, V702, V709, A714, L715, A718, I720, V722, A723, M724, I739, L740,





F745, V752, L757, I758, Y768, L770, F783, L792, I800, A809, L812, L834, V835, L839, A843, I847, Y859, I862, L863,





F868, L873, W880, C908, A911, F912, F913, V914, I916, V917, V918, V919, L924, I926, C927, L944, L948, A955, L968,





M970, A981, I988, L999, Y1013


309
Delta-aminolevulinic acid
P13716
L31, Y33, I35, F36, V37, L50, V53, Y56, L61, L65, V76, L77, I78, F79, V81, A94, A101, A104, I105, L108, L115, V117,



dehydratase

C119, V121, C122, L123, H129, C132, L134, L150, A151, V153, A154, Y157, C162, V164, V165, A166, M170, M171,





V175, I178, L182, V193, M194, Y196, A198, F200, A211, A212, A234, V238, L249, M250, V251, V261, V264, H268,





L273, A274, V275, Y276, H277, V278, F282, V300, A303, M304, F307, A310, A312, I315, I316, Y318, Y319, L323,





L324


310
Tissue factor (TF)
P13726
A41, F51, L55, Y66, V68, I70, C89, L91, I95, A105, V107, V155, V157, V159, L175, F179, L183, Y185, L187, Y188,



(Coagulation factor III)

Y189, F207, I209, V211, F219, V221, A223, V224, I225


311
HLA class I
P13747
L26, Y28, H30, F43, V49, F54, V55, F57, M66, A70, W72, M73, Y80, A88, A92, F95, L99, L102, L116, W118, M119,



histocompatibility antigen,

C122, L124, F137, Y139, Y144, L145, L147, L151, W154, A160, A161, A174, L181, C185, V186, L189, Y192, L193,



alpha chain E

L200, V210, A220, L222, C224, A226, F229, Y230, L236, W238, H245, A266, A267, V268, V269, V270, Y278, C280,





V282, H284


312
HLA class II
P13765
F33, V34, F43, V50, F52, V53, F56, L60, V64, F66, F73, W87, L94, A100, C105, V117, V125, L135, L140, L141, H142,



histocompatibility antigen,

C143, V145, F148, W157, V168, L187, V196, Y197, C199, V201, W214



DO beta chain


313
Electron transfer
P13804
L23, V24, I25, I41, A43, A44, V51, C53, L54, V55, C60, V63, A64, L67, C68, V70, V76, A79, L92, L95, I96, I108, C109,



flavoprotein subunit alpha,

A110, L119, V123, A124, A125, I135, F144, V165, F166, V168, V218, V219, L225, F231, L234, L237, A238, A243,



mitochondrial

A244, A247, A251, V263, V270, Y275, I276, A277, V278, M290, A298, A305, I307, V323


314
Glycogen [starch] synthase,
P13807
V28, L80, Y102, W160, F165, L166, L190, F202, A215, A247, F287, H291, F293, F307, A345, I456, V473, F477, L482,



muscle (EC 2.4.1.11)

C500, V504, L592


315
Endothelin-3
P14138
C107, C169


316
Macrophage migration
P14174
P2, F4, V6, F19, L23, L27, C57, A58, L62, Y76, L79, L80, L83, L84, L88, I90



inhibitory factor


317
Folate receptor beta
P14207
A34, C51, W54, A58, C59, C60, M86, C90, F94, C99, L100, C103, V126, L128, C129, C133, W136, C140, F176, L182,





C183, L186, C203, I204, M206, V219, A220


318
Hepatocyte growth factor
P14210
I39, F42, L50, C70, A71, C74, L80, C84, A86, F87, V88, C96, W98, F99, F101, F112, L118, Y136, C149, W152, L172,





C177, C189, F190, C206, Y219, C232, W235, C260, W270, C271, Y272, C283, I285, C288, Y313, W329, C354, W364,





C365, F366, C377, I380, C383, V495, M508, V509, L511, C519, L523, V529, L530, A532, C535, Y544, A546, L548,





I550, L579, V580, L581, M582, L584, V594, I597, C612, V614, L629, A632, L634, C642, I657, C658, A659, C669,





L677, C679, V687, V690, I691, F706, V709, A713, I716


319
Perform-1
P14222
V61, L249, F442


320
D(2) dopamine receptor
P14416
V78, F189



(Dopamine D2 receptor)


321
Solute carrier family 2,
P14672
L24, A27, A31, Y40, V44, I45, I52, Y56, W81, V85, A86, F88, I99, M112, A119, M126, A129, L138, I145, Y148, L155,



facilitated glucose

V156, M158, Y159, V160, I163, A187, W202, L205, L206, V210, A213, V218, L220, L230, A240, L244, L247, L260,



transporter member 4

L278, L288, I290, A291, L294, A305, V306, Y309, I313, F314, V344, H353, L357, M360, C363, A364, M367, A370,





A387, I388, F391, V392, I402, I406, V407, A408, F411, A419, A423, V449, F450, L457, I479


322
Platelet glycoprotein IX
P14770
L93


323
Interleukin-1 receptor type 1
P14778
I39, W57, H75, L81, F83, A86, C96, V97, V98, C104, I107, A111, L140, C142, M145, F148, W160, L181, V183, Y194,





C196, A198, I209, I213, F215, V238, L246, C248, V250, W260, L296, I298, I301, F305, F310, C312, F313, A314, L327


324
Matrix metalloproteinase-9
P14780
A45, L49, L74, L78, C99, I121, I137, A140, F141, A144, F145, W148, L154, A164, I166, I168, L187, A189, H190, A191,





F192, A202, F204, W210, V218, P219, F222, A225, C230, F234, G238, C244, W255, C256, C271, A283, C288, F292,





C302, W313, C314, A315, C329, C347, F351, F353, W372, C373, A374, F379, W385, C388, L395, F396, V398, A399,





A400, F403, H405, A406, L407, L409, A417, L418, M419, Y420, F425, L431, I439, A515, A523, L531, L533, F534, I556,





F580, F581, F582, V587, L604, V613, L626, F627, F635, F673, C674, Y679, L702


325
Interleukin-2 receptor
P14784
C36, Y38, A42, I44, C46, W48, V61, A63, L88, L98, V101, V104, L106, V108, F124, F127, L130, L132, C148, I150, F167,



subunit beta

A169, F206, V208, V210


326
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
P14867
V416



receptor subunit alpha-1


327
Protein C-ets-1
P14921
A323, A327, F340, L341, L342, L345, C350, I354, F363, L365, V371, A372, L389, L393, I401, I402, V411, F414, L418,





L429, L433


328
Junction plakoglobin
P14923
A140, A162, A163, V166, A174, L179, L185, V186, A188, V189, V190, M193, L209, L212, L219, I222, I228, A230,





L231, V232, V242, A246, I247, L250, L253, A260, V264, L270, M273, F284, L285, A286, C291, L292, L295, A296,





I306, A308, L315, V316, I318, M319, L327, V334, L335, L338, C341, I348, V349, A351, M354, A356, L357, L361, L368,





V369, C372, L373, L376, L379, V382, A383, L389, V392, L393, L396, V397, L400, L408, C410, A411, L415, L418,





V429, V435, L438, I439, A441, A445, I451, A455, V456, A458, L459, L462, A472, V476, I485, V486, L488, L489, L497,





V498, A500, I502, L504, I505, L508, A509, L510, A513, A516, L518, V523, I524, L527, L530, L531, A534, M556, I559,





V560, C563, A566, L567, L570, A571, I580, I586, L588, F589, V590, L592, L593, I600, A604, A605, V607, L608, L611,





A612, A618, A620, I621, A623, A626, L630, L633, L634, A642, A645, A646, V648, L649


329
Leukemia inhibitory factor
P15018
L44, I48, L52, L55, A59, L62, Y66, F74, L81, C82, L102, L105, Y106, I108, V109, V110, L112, L116, I119, A130, L133,





L137, L144, L147, L148, V151, L152, C153, L155, C156, V164, C185, L187, L188, Y191, I195, L198


330
Phosphoglycerate mutase 2
P15259
L6, V7, M8, V9, H11, F22, A28, A38, A42, A44, I45, F52, I54, C55, Y56, L60, A63, L67, I70, L71, L87, H91, L95, V112,



(EC 3.1.3.13)

M126, I136, Y142, L156, I160, A163, W167, I171, I175, A177, V181, L182, I183, A184, A185, H186, L190, I193,





V194, L197, I205, L210, I214, I216, V217, Y218, L220, V239


331
Interferon gamma receptor 1
P15260
V46, W48, F59, V61, V63, C85, I87, L98, V100, V102, A104, A120, I141, I143, I145, Y172, V174, V176, I187, C200,





C214, V215, A217, I238


332
Arylsulfatase A
P15289
I23, V24, L25, I26, F27, A28, L31, L36, L49, Y63, V64, A74, A75, L76, L77, L100, V107, A108, L111, Y116, M120, A121,





W124, L126, I147, Y149, H151, C156, C161, V177, I179, L181, L182, A189, L194, L197, Y201, A205, L208, M209,





A212, F219, F220, L221, Y222, Y223, A224, H226, H227, F238, F247, L251, L254, A257, V258, L261, I265, L275,





V276, F278, A280, V310, A314, L315, A331, L337, L340, A341, A344, L358, F375, Y376, V386, F387, A388, V389, Y394,





A396, H397, C414, H415, P426, L428, L459, C500


333
Beta-1,4-
P15291
V154, V178, A179, I180, I181, I182, F184, L191, W194, L195, L198, H199, V201, L202, L207, Y209, I211, Y212, V213,



galactosyltransferase 1

I214, A225, L227, L228, V230, A235, Y241, F244, V245, F246, L251, I252, Y260, H268, I269, A272, V289, A291,





L292, F297, I300, F303, W308, W310, I317, L321, M366, L367, Y376, L386, V392, I394


334
V-type proton ATPase
P15313
V47, V52, V53, L54, V57, V66, F68, V80, V83, A88, I89, V90, V92, C106, V117, M121, V125, F126, I147, M163, I164,



subunit B, kidney isoform

I168, I171, V173, I177, A178, I183, I185, F186, A188, I196, A197, A198, I200, C201, A204, L206, V207, H217, A222,





I223, V224, F225, A226, A227, M228, F238, F242, V251, C252, L253, F254, L255, I266, I267, L271, A272, L273, A276,





F278, L279, A280, V287, L288, V289, I290, L291, M294, Y297, A298, A300, L301, V304, A306, A307, M321, L325, I328,





Y329, A332, V335, I342, I345, I347, L348, I359, F365, I371, V373, L377, I386, V388, A399, H409, V412, L416,





C419, Y420, V426, F448, L449, F452, F456, I457, V467, L471, W475, L478, F481


335
Folate receptor alpha
P15328
C37, L53, C57, W60, A64, C65, C66, W86, M92, C96, F100, C105, L106, C109, V132, L134, C135, C139, W142, C146,





C152, W156, F178, F182, L188, C189, I192, Y197, I210, M212, V225, A226, M233


336
B-lymphocyte antigen CD19
P15391
L36, C38, W52, F83, V87, F94, L96, C97, V113, L188, L196, L198, C200, W214, L225, L228, W240, L246, L248, W281,





W283, L284, W290


337
Granulocyte-macrophage
P15509
L47, C60, L62, C81, F94, V96, I128, M134, C136, Y150, L152, C178, F192, V194, C233, W237, F251, Y253, L255, V257,



colony-stimulating factor

L270, V294, I296, A298, A299



receptor subunit alpha


338
Membrane cofactor protein
P15529
C80, A93, M123, F125, L139, C141, A148, V160, V187, I208, C210, V226, V252, I268, C270, C283


339
Vascular endothelial growth
P15692
C52, I61, I72, F73, V78, L80, L92, I106, F122, C213, C225



factor A


340
Immunoglobulin lambda-
P15814
W67, C82, V97, L104, V106, L107, V116, A128, A131, L133, C135, L136, M137, F140, Y141, L145, V147, W149, A151,



like polypeptide 1

A174, A175, L179, L181, Y192, C194, V196, H198, V203


341
Arylsulfatase B
P15848
L47, V48, F49, L50, L51, A52, L55, V60, L72, V80, Y85, Y86, L98, I105, V122, L128, L132, L133, M142, V143, W146,





L148, C155, Y168, L169, Y175, H178, I184, A193, F196, F215, A219, L232, F233, L234, L236, A237, L238, V241,





Y255, Y266, A267, M269, V270, M273, V277, V280, L284, V294, F295, I296, F297, L321, V326, V329, F331, V332, I348,





H349, I350, L354, L357, A361, V376, I380, I389, L391, L392, A431, A432, I433, L440, L441, C447, L474, F475, L498,





L502, W529


342
Beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-
P15907
L109, L144, F160, W165, A178, C184, A185, V187, L193, I202, A207, V208, L209, A214, V223, I229, L231, M232,



sialyltransferase 1

F243, L254, I255, V256, W269, F277, Y281, Y284, F293, I295, L296, M300, L304, L308, M325, L326, I328, I329, I330,





M331, M332, C335, V338, I340, Y341, L344, Y369, L378, V379, L382, I390, L392, A396, L398


343
Desmoplakin
P15924
C191, M195, V214, I228, L235, A247, L251, Y255, L258, I275, F312, A343, I347, I364, C367, I368, H371, F381, A385,





Y403, L414, L421, V446, L463, C467, V476, C482, W493, V495, V508, L510, I512, A519, I526, M544, L547, C553,





I560, A562, L568, V623, V1975, A1977, L1980, C1983, V2004, I2018, A2019, A2021, L2031, A2034, L2048, A2051,





A2053, A2054, I2058, V2069, A2072, I2086, A2089, A2092, A2110, M2122, L2124, L2125, A2127, V2134, V2141,





F2142, L2143, A2148, F2172, Y2183, L2186, L2201, V2217, L2222, I2250, I2260, A2261, I2263, A2277, A2288,





L2292, A2294, A2296, A2297, I2301, V2312, A2315, L2329, A2332, V2336, Y2339, A2353, L2367, L2368, A2370,





I2377, H2384, L2386, A2391, F2415, L2424, Y2426, L2429, L2443, L2444, I2619, A2621, I2622, I2631, L2650,





L2651, A2653, C2656, I2660, L2671, A2674, V2679, L2688, A2691, A2694, A2709, A2712, F2726, F2729, L2736,





V2737, A2750, L2774, I2783, Y2785, A2788, A2805


344
Mucin-1
P15941
I1049, F1054, L1058, Y1065, Y1066, L1069, F1086, F1094, V1099, F1107, L1134, V1141


345
P-selectin
P16109
W42, W53, C60, L67, V68, A69, L79, Y90, W91, I92, I94, A114, A118, C131, V132, I134, I136, W145, A156, L157,





C158, C168, C194, C226, C244, C288, F290, C306


346
Integrin beta-4
P16144
L1544, V1546, Y1560, V1562, I1577, V1587, F1598, V1600, A1602, I1618


347
Toxin A (EC 3.4.22.—)
P16154
L9, A13, Y23, I26, L27, L30, L36, Y45, L48, L51, I55, F58, M59, L71, L74, I78, V82, L97, H98, F99, V106, A110, Y113,





W117, L128, W129, A134, F135, L136, V137, L140, A143, I144, A152, L156, F170, Y171, M175, I178, Y179, F185,





I201, I204, I205, H208, L209, I231, I239, L244, F245, I253, Y254, L258, L259, A266, A267, I270, V271, L273, L274,





A275, L276, V282, Y283, L284, M288, L289, I314, L316, A318, I319, F334, F345, I349, I358, F359, L362, V367, L370,





I372, I374, A375, A385, L386, I387, L394, V398, V402, Y406, L409, L413, A416, F423, F430, L434, F445, L446, I449,





L453, F457, A461, L467, A472, Y473, A476, Y477, F480, L483, L497, F500, A526, L561, V580, Y582, I583, I584, C597,





F600, I608, I609, I610, Y636, I638, L642, V648, V650, F652, I653, F665, L673, I677, F680, I684, I688, V693, V695,





L697, C700, M702, F703, Y713, L717, L718, I721, I725, L729, V732, I737, I739, A741, L756, I764, A769, I770, I780,





A791, I806, L857, V867, L871, L885, I886, F888, V900, F902, I903, F920, Y923, I927, L961, F965, I967, V987, V989,





L991, A993, L1000, I1003, L1009, A1016, L1050, V1068, A1078, I1084, V1122, Y1125, F1126, L1129, L1152, V1153,





I1154, C1169, I1171, A1173, I1204, M1222, L1224, A1227, F1232, L1253, I1256, F1264, I1276, L1279, I1288, I1290,





F1299, I1304, F1317, Y1324, L1326, L1328, I1333, I1337, L1339, W1345, I1346, F1347, V1353, L1383, I1390, L1405,





I1413, L1415, I1416, I1417, I1419, L1430, L1441, I1448, L1451, I1458, A1473, I1474, I1482, L1493, F1503, F1516,





M1517, I1524, I1538, F1540, I1542, V1550, V1552, L1555, L1557, V1561, Y1565, V1569, M1582, F1585, L1586, F1591,





L1594, F1608, L1610, V1611, F1621, F1633, F1646, V1653, V1654, V1655, L1671, Y1675, L1678, V1688, L1689, I1690,





Y1695, I1701, I1714, I1728, L1730, W1739, F1746, I1768, L1769, F1782, L1790, I1793, F1864, L1872, F1883,





F1905, A1906, F1936, F1956, A1961, A1963, A1964, V1965, F1977, F1998, F2006, F2017, F2039, A2040, F2070,





F2090, A2095, A2097, A2098, Y2109, Y2110, F2111, F2132, F2151, F2153, I2158, I2161, F2173, A2174, F2204,





F2224, A2229, A2231, A2232, Y2244, F2245, F2263, F2265, F2287, A2288, F2318, F2338, A2343, A2345, A2346, I2352,





Y2357, F2359, F2380, F2399, F2401, I2406, I2409, F2421, A2422, L2445, F2452, F2472, A2477, V2478, A2479, V2480,





Y2492, F2493, F2512, F2514, F2534, A2535, F2565, F2585, A2590, A2593, I2599, F2604, Y2605, F2606, F2625,





A2626, F2656, F2676, A2681, A2683, A2684, A2685, I2691, F2697, F2698


348
Beta-galactosidase (EC
P16278
F41, I51, I55, H56, Y57, W65, L69, M72, A75, A79, I80, V84, W86, H89, V104, F107, L108, A111, H112, L116, V118,



3.2.1.23)

I119, L120, Y125, I126, A128, W130, M132, L135, A137, L139, L140, L146, L147, Y154, V158, W161, L162, L165,





L166, M169, L172, L173, V180, I181, V183, Y189, Y199, L200, L203, F207, V215, F218, L228, L236, Y237, V240, A251,





F269, V289, L293, I296, A301, V303, L305, M307, F308, I309, A320, L337, A340, Y347, L350, I353, I354, A387, A388,





L392, F406, F415, V416, Y418, C426, L432, V439, A443, V447, L455, I465, A471, L473, L475, V477, V483, I489,





L495, L499, L501, W509, I511, A519, L524, A550, F551, I558, I571, F573, V581, W582, I583, L588, Y591, L601, V603,





I616, V618, A624, A635, V636, F638


349
Histone H1.5
P16401
I47, L65, I83, L87, L90, L96


350
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte
P16410
V40, A48, A54, F56, C58, Y60, A66, V69, V71, V73, C85, A86, A87, L95, V112, L114, I116, Y127, C129, V131, I149,



protein 4

V151


351
Epithelial cell adhesion
P16422
Y32, C48, C66, V68, A122, I144, H150, L162, L176, F180, L185, I191, L195, V207, I209, A213, Y215



molecule


352
Histo-blood group ABO
P16442
A92, I94, I116, L118, V120, A122, I123, L130, F133, L134, A137, F141, M142, H145, V147, H148, Y149, Y150, V151,



system transferase

F152, M189, M191, I192, F195, C196, F200, V204, Y206, L207, V208, C209, V210, V212, M214, F216, V220, V222,





I224, L225, L228, F229, L232, A254, I256, Y264, Y265, L266, G268, F269, F270, V274, V277, L280, C284, M288, V290,





A298, H305, L306, L310, V318, L319, Y323, L324, W325, L336, L339, F341


353
Thyrotropin receptor
P16473
C41, L57, L59, L64, I67, F72, I78, I81, V83, L89, L92, F97, V103, I106, I108, L114, A121, L122, L125, L128, L131, I133,





L144, V147, F154, L156, I158, M164, I167, L175, L180, L182, L184, F189, V192, A196, F197, V205, L207, L213,





A220, L231, V233, L252


354
Interleukin-7 receptor
P16871
L55, C57, I73, Y92, I107, V109, L123, V127, F146, V148, V160, V167, A168, I203, V205



subunit alpha


355
Fumarylacetoacetase
P16930
L17, V21, F22, I32, V34, A35, I36, I40, L41, L43, I46, F50, L55, F62, L67, F70, M71, A77, A81, L85, L89, L96, L102,





A106, L196, M198, L200, M202, A203, F204, F205, V206, A221, M228, V229, L230, M231, W234, A236, V259, V263,





V264, A268, L269, L287, F295, I297, V301, L303, C315, W324, M326, L327, L330, L345, L346, A347, I351, M362,





L375, V390, I392, C396, I403, F405, C408, V412


356
Alpha-N-
P17050
W30, A32, C49, I50, L54, F55, M58, A59, M62, W67, Y72, L75, I77, C80, W81, L91, I102, L105, A106, V109, L116, I118,



acetylgalactosaminidase

Y119, A120, M122, V138, A142, F145, V150, L153, L155, Y169, M172, A184, F185, C187, L205, C209, L211, W212,



(EC 3.2.1.49)

I218, V225, I228, L229, L239, V242, W248, M253, L254, L255, I256, A268, M270, A271, L272, W273, V275, L276,





A277, A278, L280, M282, I296, L297, M302, I305, I324, V326, Y327, A337, L338, V339, F340, F341, L355, I365,





A368, F386, I390, M397, L400


357
Aspartate aminotransferase,
P17174
V34, L36, L51, V53, V54, V57, F80, A84, A88, A95, V104, A112, L113, I115, A117, L120, A121, V134, V136, H144,



cytoplasmic

F148, F174, L178, A181, I186, V187, V188, L189, A193, H194, I209, A210, M213, F221, F222, A238, A240, I241, F244,





F251, C253, A254, F257, F261, V268, L271, M288, V292, A304, I306, V307, A308, W320, V324, M327, A328, L338,





L342, I354, M360, F361, L374, I380, L382, I388, V390, L393, L398, V401, A402, A408


358
HLA class I
P17693
M29, Y31, A34, A35, F46, A48, V52, F57, V58, F60, M69, A73, W75, V76, Y83, A95, L102, L105, L119, W121, M122,



histocompatibility antigen,

C125, L127, Y140, Y142, Y147, L148, L150, L154, W157, A163, A164, V176, A177, L184, C188, V189, L192, Y195,



alpha chain G

L196, L203, V213, A223, L225, C227, A229, F232, Y233, L239, W241, A269, A270, V271, V272, V273, Y281, C283,





V285, H287


359
Neuronal acetylcholine
P17787
V56, L60, L83, W87, L119, A135, V137, I143, W145, A149, F173, I183, L185



receptor subunit beta-2


360
ATP-dependent 6-
P17858
I18, V20, L21, A27, M30, A32, A33, V34, A36, V37, A46, V48, I51, L58, V59, V73, I77, A101, A102, L105, L113, C114,



phosphofructokinase, liver

V115, I116, L122, F128, L135, A159, L161, V162, I165, F169, I176, A181, I185, M186, I189, A196, F203, V204, L205,



type

V207, C212, L215, A216, L217, F229, I230, M243, C244, L247, I260, I261, I262, A263, A266, V279, V283, V284, V293,





L296, A307, L312, A320, V321, L324, L325, A333, V335, V336, L348, V358, A370, A389, A403, I404, L405, V407,





A411, A412, M414, A416, A417, V418, V422, V432, Y433, V434, V435, F439, V455, I480, L493, V494, V495, A500,





Y501, L505, A510, C518, M521, C522, V523, I524, A526, V532, L539, A544, M549, C552, A559, V566, F567, I568,





V569, C576, L579, A580, I585, A586, V594, L604, V608, M611, M615, L623, V624, L625, L639, Y643, L678, A682,





M683, L686, L690, A701, V709, I710, V722, L725, W741, L744


361
Ganglioside GM2 activator
P17900
L80, C106, C136, C183


362
Complement receptor type 1
P17927
C43, A52, L69, I84, C86, C99, I121, I127, Y129, A143, C145, V152, I164, C166, V191, Y193, I213, C215, C238, F256,





V262, V278, C280, C493, I534, I571, I577, C595, V641, C665, C688, F706, V712, V728, C730, C943, I984, C986,





C1004, I1021, I1027, A1043, C1045, A1052, I1064, C1066, V1091, Y1093, C1095, I1113, C1115, C1138, F1156, V1162,





V1178, C1180, C1396, I1437, V1480, C1498, V1544, C1568, C1591, F1609, I1615, V1631, C1633


363
Vascular endothelial growth
P17948
F135, M148, L154, I156, C158, V160, V167, L169, F192, I194, A197, L205, C207, A209, Y220



factor receptor 1


364
TFIIH basal transcription
P18074
L40, M42, L53, A54, M57, A58, L70, Y72, C73, I80, V83, I84, L87, L102, L107, A108, L109, L115, A139, L170, L177,



factor complex helicase

C190, Y192, L194, A195, A202, Y209, V231, V232, A236, I239, C243, L251, L256, C259, L263, A298, V309, C375,



XPD subunit (EC 3.6.4.12)

L382, A404, L406, C437, A443, I444, I455, I456, L461, L471, F473, M493, I494, Y520, A537, F539, I561, Y584, A594,





L596, L597, V599, A617, I619, M620, F621, V623, A635, A656, A660, V664, A667, M677, V678, F684, W696, A704


365
Toxin B (EC 3.4.22.—)
P18177
L9, A13, Y24, I27, L28, L31, M37, Y46, L49, I52, Y59, L72, F75, L79, V83, L98, H99, F100, I107, Y114, W118, V129,





F130, A135, F136, L137, I138, L141, V145, A149, F171, F172, M176, I179, F186, I202, I205, V206, L210, I232, V240,





F246, L254, Y255, L259, V260, W263, A267, A268, I271, L272, I274, A276, L277, M283, Y284, L285, M289, L290, L317,





A319, I320, F335, F346, L350, I359, F360, L363, A368, L371, V373, I375, A376, L387, I388, C395, I399, I403, Y407,





L410, L414, A417, F431, I435, M447, L450, L454, F458, V462, L468, A473, Y474, A476, A477, Y478, L481, F484,





L498, F501, A527, L562, I578, Y580, I581, V582, A594, C595, F598, A599, V606, L607, F608, A618, Y634, I640, I646,





L648, F650, F663, L671, I675, A678, A682, I686, I691, I693, L695, M700, F701, Y711, L715, L716, V719, I723, M727,





I730, I735, V737, A739, L754, I762, I778, V789, F1866, F1888, F1908, A1909, F1938, H1956, F1958, F1979, F1999,





F2019, F2039, A2040, F2069, F2090, A2095, F2305, A2306, F2335, F2355, A2360


366
Vinculin
P18206
F4, H5, I9, L13, A17, I20, L70, M74, A77, V81, C85, A91, A92, L95, A104, I109, L116, L124, A129, V131, I134, C138,





L145, A148, Y160, L164, M171, I175, L182, L191, V192, V198, L201, L205, A208, M209, V213, I223, A226, M237, I241,





I244, V247, L248, A269, I273, A280, W283, A298, I299, I302, A306, I321, V335, A353, L360, L363, V367, I384, I388,





A391, I408, A411, A415, A419, I431, I438, L445, V466, L470, L473, A480, A500, A518, C545, V548, L551, L576,





L580, L609, A613, F626, F633, A644, A679, L683, F695, L734, A760, I763, V766, V783, A786, L790, V828, V831, A909,





M956, I966, A970, L973, A977, I987, I988, A990, A991, M994, A995, M998, M1001, L1015, C1018, A1019, I1022,





A1023, A1025, V1029, A1033, A1037, C1040, L1049, V1052, C1053, I1056, L1063, A1071, A1087, L1091, A1095,





L1098, M1099, V1102, V1106, A1109, A1112


367
Interleukin-1 receptor
P18510
F38, I40, V56, A57, V73, A80, L81, F82, L83, C91, L92, C94, L103, F123, F125, F136, C147, A149, V156, L158, F171



antagonist protein


368
Cytidine deaminase/strain
P19079
L6, A10, A13, A28, A29, L30, L31, A54, A58, L59, A62, L73, A74, V75, A76, A77, C89, I93, V101, V103, V104, V117



168


369
Erythropoietin receptor
P19235
A39, L41, L42, L50, C52, F53, L60, C62, F63, W64, F79, Y81, L83, F105, C107, L120, L122, V124, I139, V142, V143,





L144, L145, V152, V162, L164, W166, I178, Y180, V182, V184, L207, F218, A219, V220, A222, M224


370
Lymphocyte function-
P19256
F43, V54, W56, V63, A64, L90, I92, L95, Y103, F116, L118, L121, L129, C131, V140, M156, M163, C166



associated antigen 3


371
Vascular cell adhesion
P19320
A37, V43, L45, C47, L80, M82, V85, Y93, C95, A97, I108, F115, I133, V135, C137, V139, V142, F145, I150, L152, L178,



protein 1

L193, C195, A197, L199, A325, V331, L333, C335, L368, L370, V373, Y381, C383, V385, I396, F403, V421, V423,





C425, V427, V430, L433, I438, L440, L466, L481, C483, A485, L487


372
Tumor necrosis factor
P19438
C59, C62, C72



receptor superfamily



member 1A


373
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P19694
I25, C26, M27, V38, V48, L54, V55, L63, C64, L70, C76, I78, I79, A82, L83, C88, L91, V98, F99, I100, V106, C109, Y110,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

F112, Y117, L120, L124, A125, F130, F137, A150, C151, F159, F160, L163, L166, Y191, W193, V195, H196, H197,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

Y208, V215, V217, I243, F245, Y246, I249, V250, L255, I256, F258, L264, I265, A266, Y271, I288, C295, H296, V302,



chain]/strain

V323, L330, A331, A348, W357, Y365, A387, A439, L461, L469, C480, F481, I483, H485, C487, C491, I492, I495,



A/Budgerigar/Hokkaido/1/1977

A509



H4N6


374
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B
P19838
F57, L69, V84, A93, V95, I96, V97, L99, V100, H109, A110, H111, L113, I122, C123, A127, V133, V134, L139, L153,



p105 subunit

M157, A160, C161, L170, L175, I196, A199, A200, V212, L214, F216, A218, A238, I239, A247, L250, V262, I268,





L270, L271, I282, F284, I311, V312, F313, V329, V331, L333, F347, Y349, Y350, M808, L819, Y820, L823, L835, A836,





F848, L858, M859, L872, A875, L876, A884, I888


375
C-X-C motif chemokine 3
P19876
C45, I52, C69, V74, A76, L78, C85, L86, V93, I96, L101


376
Complement receptor type 2
P20023
I47, I58, L63, C65, V96, Y108, V114, V130, C132


377
HLA class II
P20036
M54, F55, F63, V65, F83, A87, A92, I94, L136, I137, C138, I140, F143, W152, F179, L182, V185, Y192, C194, V196,



histocompatibility antigen,

H198



DP alpha 1 chain


378
Myeloid cell surface antigen
P20138
V82



CD33


379
Kallikrein-2 (EC 3.4.21.35)
P20151
I25, C31, V40, A41, V53, L54, V55, V60, L61, A63, A64, C66, V73, L75, V90, V92, L121, L123, L124, L126, I132, V135,





V136, C152, A154, F165, C173, V174, L176, C184, C198, A199, L217, C219, L223, I226, A241, V242, Y243, V246, I253


380
B-cell receptor CD22
P20273
W24, W35, C39, V40, I42, C44, L53, L76, F94, L95, C102, L117, L119, W128, M129, L134, V136, I145, C161, C167,





Y170, I172, W176, V198, L204, F206, W210, C219, L229, L236, V238, V255, C265, W279, L294, L296, Y307, C309,





L325, V327, Y329, V349, C353, A357, W366, Y394, C396, L413, V415, V422, I426, I432, V438, L440, C442, V451,





W456, L470, I472, V475, W477, C484, A486, C491, L499, V501, Y503, A504, V508, V510, L527, C529, V539, W543,





L556, I561, Y569, C571, I577, V589, Y591, L596, V598, V606, L614, C616, A620, Y627, W629, F630, L644, L646,





Y657, C659, V677, Y678, Y679, I684


381
Integrin alpha-L
P20701
F45, I57, V58, L70, C73, L109, A110, C111, C119, C129, Y130, V155, L157, V158, F159, L160, F161, L167, I175, F178,





M179, V182, M183, L186, Y191, F193, A194, A195, V196, F198, F206, F208, Y211, A236, I237, V240, V244, V258,





L259, I260, I261, I262, I273, A276, I279, Y282, I283, I284, I286, F290, L299, F302, A303, F310, F317, L320, L323,





F324, L327, V364, V365, A367, A370, A374, F377, L378, L404, L411, L420, A421, V433, L434, L435, V467, L477, L478,





L479, I480, A482, V494, L510, F521, L528, I531, V539, A540, V541, A543, A550, Y552, I553, F554, L561, I569, I578,





F581, A597, A600, A603, M607, I608


382
Integrin alpha-X
P20702
F30, F37, V49, V50, V51, A53, L66, C69, A87, M90, L92, L105, L106, A107, C108, C126, F127, I152, V153, F154, L155,





I156, M170, F173, V174, V177, F188, L190, M191, F193, F201, F203, F206, L216, A229, A231, I232, V235, L239, I253,





L254, I255, V256, I257, V272, I273, A276, I282, A285, I286, V288, A291, F292, L301, I304, A305, F314, V316, F319,





L322, L329, I333, F334, A352, V366, L367, A369, A379, I391, M400, L405, A412, L420, V421, L422, A424, A433,





V434, I435, F436, V465, V467, L475, V476, L477, I478, A480, V492, V494, C495, L510, F521, L528, V531, V539,





V540, I541, A543, A552, V553, Y554, L555, F556, I572, A573, L581, F584, L602, A603, V604, A606, V610, L613, V618,





L619, I632, V650, I658, L671, V675, L681, A690, F692, L700, F715, L717, L719, I730, L732, L734, L749, L765, L793,





V795, L801, A803, V805, V807, I819, F821, H823, C863, A880, F882, A888, L894, L896, A898, V924, A951, H953,





Y955, V957, L965, V967, I969, F971, V973, L977, V982, W983, I1014, L1020, A1025, C1027, C1032, F1037, V1039,





L1043, F1045, L1047, L1051, W1055, I1059, V1064, V1066, A1070, I1072, L1097


383
B-cell lymphoma 3 protein
P20749
L139, V143, V151, F158, L176, H177, A179, V180, V188, L191, A208, H210, A212, C213, C220, L221, A223, L224,





A245, L246, H247, A249, V250, V258, L260, L261, L280, I281, A283, V284, M291, V292, L294, L295, A312, L313,





A316, V325, L328, V354


384
Calpain-3 (EC 3.4.22.54)
P20807
L138, L145, L189, F200, A210, L212, Y216, A218, F239, A335, V363, F404, F658, A662, I668, L673, L677, V681,





C697, M700, M704, L712, F717, L720, I724, F731, I742, M747, A750, V751, A754, Y763, I777, F779, F782, I783,





C785, F786, L815


385
Collagen alpha-1
P20849
L59, V65, A86, F113, L114, F117, M119, W128, I130, W131, I133, I144, I146, V153, F155, F169, I183, M184, I185,





V187, A192, L194, A218, V219, V231, L235, M238, I240


386
Nebulin
P20929
A6617, F6631, I6637


387
N(4)-(beta-N-
P20933
I91, L105, I108, A111, I112, V114, A115, V118, A132, A136, A243, A253, A254, A256, L263, A272, V273, A285, C286,



acetylglucosaminyl)-L-

I290, I293, F300, A303, V304, C306, C317



asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.26)


388
Filamin-A
P21333
F49, C53, L57, I64, L67, L71, L77, I78, L80, L81, V107, V109, A110, L111, F113, L114, I129, I137, L138, L140, I141,





L144, I145, I150, L172, I176, L180, I185, F188, W192, A197, L198, A200, L201, V202, A206, C210, A225, A228, M229,





A232, L236, I238, V241, I242, I247, V257, M258, Y260, L261, F264, A284, A302, V306, A311, V318, V344, H354, V356,





V358, F360, I365, V372, V495, A501, V505, A510, V519, F540, Y542, Y550, V552, I554, I561, V568, A595, F597,





V598, V599, V633, Y635, Y643, A644, V647, I654, A661, V675, V697, H743, A745, V747, V761, V1070, F1088, I1090,





A1095, V1124, Y1126, Y1134, I1136, I1138, I1145, A1152, V1154, V1163, C1165, F1181, V1183, A1188, I1197,





I1219, Y1221, Y1229, V1231, I1233, Y1235, L1247, V1258, V1270, F1278, V1280, V1297, Y1317, V1319, Y1321,





H1329, V1331, V1333, V1347, V1358, F1376, V1378, A1383, V1412, Y1414, Y1422, L1424, V1426, V1433, V1440,





V1451, V1463, V1473, A1478, V1487, V1509, I1521, V1523, Y1525, V1530, V1537, V1539, V1548, V1560, A1562,





F1568, I1570, A1572, A1575, I1584, V1606, Y1608, Y1616, I1618, I1620, Y1622, I1627, V1634, A1636, A1642, C1645,





I1672, V1674, A1679, V1684, V1688, I1710, A1714, Y1720, I1722, V1724, V1731, V1738, A1740, F1791, I1795, I1799,





V1808, V1828, V1830, H1840, M1842, I1844, I1851, L1856, F1858, V1860, V1868, A1870, L1875, F1886, V1888,





I1902, V1922, Y1924, Y1932, I1934, V1936, V1943, F1948, A1950, V1952, V1987, I2009, F2011, H2019, V2021,





V2023, I2039, A2047, V2050, L2057, F2068, I2070, A2075, L2080, L2082, I2084, V2104, Y2106, Y2114, I2116, I2118,





F2120, V2125, V2132, V2134, A2176, V2178, Y2198, I2200, H2210, V2212, V2214, V2230, A2238, V2241, A2257,





F2259, I2261, A2268, I2273, V2275, V2295, Y2297, V2299, Y2305, V2307, V2309, F2311, I2316, V2323, V2325,





A2326, A2332, L2335, L2345, V2355, L2357, A2360, I2364, V2368, V2390, Y2400, I2402, V2404, F2406, I2418,





V2432, L2439, F2450, V2452, A2457, V2485, Y2487, A2491, Y2495, I2497, I2499, Y2501, I2507, A2514, A2557,





V2560, A2570, V2580, C2582, V2616, Y2618, L2620, L2628, V2630, W2632, I2637, V2644


389
Neurofibromin
P21359
I1592, I1605, F1606, Y1607, V1609, F1613, L1623, V1642, A1670, Y1680, L1715, I1719, A1743, I1755, A1761,





V1762, V1772, A1785, I1788, F1799, L1801, I1803, F1812, C1817, I1820, I1824


390
Phosphatidylcholine
P21439
A64, M81, L109, M113, Y120, V127, A131, F137, A141, A142, I146, I149, F153, F154, A156, I157, L158, I162, L173,



translocator ABCB4

L177, I181, I184, I188, A200, V208, L216, I220, A235, A252, A256, A259, A262, V266, A268, F269, Y279, L283, A286,





A294, I303, A304, A310, A313, A315, F316, M334, V336, F337, I340, A350, A360, A364, I367, I371, I377, L394, V399,





L412, L415, V419, V425, A426, L427, V428, C433, L441, I442, I453, I460, F463, V465, L468, I472, V475, L481, F482,





I486, I490, I502, V506, A509, A511, I515, V526, I541, A542, I543, A544, A546, I553, L555, L556, A559, V571, A574,





L575, A578, I585, I587, V594, I600, A601, F603, L617, Y624, V700, C717, A718, I735, I736, I753, I757, F758, L761,





A779, L783, L787, A791, F792, M795, L796, L817, A821, V824, A827, A833, A840, L856, A896, A899, I900, I903,





V906, F915, A934, C955, A960, L975, V976, F982, A1000, A1004, H1006, L1007, I1034, F1036, V1039, F1041, L1052,





L1055, V1059, L1065, A1066, L1067, V1068, V1078, V1079, L1081, L1082, V1093, A1107, L1110, V1112, L1115,





L1119, V1122, F1129, A1134, I1137, I1151, A1154, A1155, A1158, I1160, Y1171, V1175, A1191, I1192, A1193,





L1196, L1204, L1205, V1220, A1223, C1233, I1234, I1236, I1243, I1249, V1250, V1251, L1266, Y1273


391
Tumor necrosis factor alpha-
P21580
L10, A18, I21, I37, H38, H39, F40, M43, H44, L48, F51, I64, A67, L68, L77, L83, A94, L104, M105, H106, A107, Y111,



induced protein 3

M112, W113, V115, L122, A125, L126, F138, A175, H195, I196, F197, V198, L199, C200, I202, L203, I207, I208,





V209, V229, I232, Y233, L234, I248, V249, L250, V258, L260, V261, A272, V273, V288, H289, F290, L291, L302, L307,





V314, I325, A327, A328, L330, I339, L341, Y345, V349, C404, C624, C779


392
Kit ligand (Mast cell growth
P21583
V40, L43, L55, I70, M73, V74, L77, L81, I100, I101, L104, I107, V108, F140, F141, F144



factor)


393
Ephrin type-A receptor 1
P21709
L81, A92, V95, H96, V97, L99, F101, V103, F122, L124, V148, L181, L183, A184, F185, A190, V192, L194, V197,





V199


394
Fibroblast growth factor 7
P21781
L69, C71, L77, I79, V85, M98, I100, V108, I110, L119, A120, M121, C137, F139, Y151, V165, A166, L167, A186,





F188


395
Fibroblast growth factor
P21802
M162, V169, V175, F177, C179, A181, F198, L216, M218, V221, Y229, C231, V233, Y244, L246, F276, C278, W290,



receptor 2

I324, C342, A344, A355, L357


396
Ryanodine receptor 1
P21817
L13, V19, V20, L21, C23, A25, L34, C35, L36, A37, A38, I63, C64, F66, L68, L77, L100, Y102, A105, I106, L108, H110,





L117, A131, V134, L136, C145, W147, M149, V162, I168, L170, L179, V190, A192, W199, M201, V213, L219, L221,





H223, C229, L230, I232, V244, Y246, V251, A255, L258, W259, L261, L273, L279, V281, H283, V284, Y289, L290,





A291, V299, V300, A306, F313, F315, I338, C345, V347, L356, A375, L387, L389, A399, A400, M402, I403, Y410,





F413, L435, V440, L444, L447, I448, F451, L470, L476, F477, M482, V486, C489, I490, L493, F502, A506, I517, V518,





L521, L524, L528, W685, A686, V706, C745, I754, V779, V780, A874, F909, V984, A988, H992, L1038, V1042, A1093,





V1101, W1103, A1104, L1114, A1120, V1122, F1123, V1148, C1150, I1152, I1159, F1161, I1181, V1190, A1449,





W1451, V1452, L1465, V1471, V1473, M1475, I1515, M1526, F1528, A1550, F2754, A2759, Y2761, H2763, A2767,





L2813, A2815, M2816, L2862, M2874, L2878, A2879, A2923, L2926, L2927, L2930


397
Receptor tyrosine-protein
P21860
L52, Y53, C56, V58, V59, L63, I65, L77, I80, V83, V87, L88, V89, A90, F94, L97, L99, L102, V104, V105, A116, I117,



kinase erbB-3 (EC 2.7.10.1)

F118, V119, L121, A130, L131, L134, L136, L139, I142, V147, I149, L155, M158, I161, I166, V167, C190, C194, W195,





C231, A232, A245, C255, C259, V295, V296, C331, V343, I348, F351, C354, I357, L361, F363, I376, L384, F387, V390,





I393, L397, I399, F409, V411, F412, L415, I418, F428, L430, I432, V438, L441, F443, L446, I449, I454, I456, L462,





C463, H465, V473, L474, C493, C504, C509, W510, C529, C533, C552


398
Succinate dehydrogenase
P21912
F42, I44, V63, V72, A75, L76, I79, L87, C101, M103, L111, A112, I127, F146, L183, A190, C191, Y199, Y206, A210,



[ubiquinone] iron-sulfur

V211, L212, A215, L234, L240, A262, I263, I266



subunit, mitochondrial (EC



1.3.5.1)


399
Tenascin-X
P22105
C435, C466, L3669, L3671, A3679, F3683, L3685, A3716, L3718, L3729, L3731, A3859, L3861, Y3873, V3875,





V3877, L3898, A3909, V3911, A3947, L3949, Y3961, L3963, L3977, L3986, Y3995, A3997, L3999, A4001


400
Cadherin-3
P22223
V116, L131, I141, V157, F158, L167, L169, L173, L183, A187, I201, I203, V224, V237, A254, M269, I279, V281, Y294,





L296, I298, A300, A312, A314, V316, I318, L349, L390, L396, L406, V408, V410, A425, I427, V429, Y462, V495, L501,





Y514, V516, V518, A520, L534, L536, I553, L565, V602, L604, V617, L619, L621, I633, A635


401
Interleukin-10
P22301
L41, L44, A47, V51, F55, L66, L70, A82, L83, M86, Y90, V94, A98, V109, L112, L116, C126, L130, V139, A157, M158,





F161, F164, I165, I168


402
C-C motif chemokine 1
P22362
I47, L62, F64, A74, V81


403
Ectonucleotide
P22413
C164, C166, C170, A392, I507, I632, F638, L826



pyrophosphatase/phosphodi-



esterase family member 1


404
Potassium voltage-gated
P22460
I124, I126, L138, L146, F165, F172, I175, Y179, V191, F196, I200, Y203, I260, V445, A451, V452, A455, A470, A474,



channel subfamily A

C500



member 5


405
Protein-glutamine gamma-
P22735
V709, I711, L721, V724, F726, L728, I744



glutamyltransferase K (EC



2.3.2.13)


406
Carbonic anhydrase 4 (EC
P22748
Y25, I54, I56, Y75, W81, V83, V90, M92, L94, I100, Y109, A111, L114, L116, W118, H128, M137, M139, H140, I141,



4.2.1.1)

H143, A164, L166, A167, F168, L169, V170, F180, L187, I190, Y217, C229, V233, V237, F238, I242, L244, F252,





L256, M266


407
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans
P23284
V42, V44, V46, Y47, F48, L50, I52, V60, I61, F62, L64, F65, V69, V73, F76, A78, L79, A80, F86, Y88, F93, V96, I97,



isomerase B

M101, I102, I118, F123, L130, H132, W137, V138, M140, F152, F153, I154, V167, V168, F169, V172, V178, V179, V182,





L194, V197, I198, I199, I205


408
Glycine receptor subunit
P23415
V65, V67, C69, I71, I73, Y86, V88, I90, L92, W96, L101, L111, L146, I148, V154, I160, L162, L164, C166, L170, F173,



alpha-1

C180, M182, L184, L194, F196, C237, I238, A240, F242, L244


409
Receptor-type tyrosine-
P23468
A41, F43, C45, W57, F69, V81, L82, I84, L87, Y96, C98, A100, L113, V115, A143, M145, C147, A148, A149, W159,



protein phosphatase delta

L192, I194, Y205, C207, A209, A221, L223, I255, C257, A259, V267, W269, V294, C302, A304, A315, I317, I339,





L341, I356, V373, V380, F391, V393, V394, A395, I434, V436, V453, V463, I479, V490, V492, A494, I532, L534, Y547,





L549, I564, L575, F583, L585, A586, A587, I626, V628, I647, A651, L674, I685, V687, A689, L937, L956, L981, V992,





V994, A996


410
Tumor necrosis factor ligand
P23510
V64, F66, M86, V93, I95, C97, Y101, I103, L105, V113, I115, L117, V135, V149, L151, L170, L172



superfamily member 4


411
Brain-derived neurotrophic
P23560
C141, A150, V164, V166, V170, C196, A217, I226, I231, I233



factor


412
Follicle-stimulating hormone
P23945
F30, C32, V37, A48, L51, F53, L58, I61, F66, F69, L72, I75, I77, L83, I86, V90, F91, L94, L97, I100, I102, A105, L108,



receptor

L109, A115, F116, L119, L122, L125, I127, I132, L135, V138, I141, V147, L149, I151, I157, I160, F165, L168, V173,





L175, L177, I182, A189, F190, L195, L198, L200, L206, V213, L223, I225, I230, L238, L241, L244, A246, L261, A267


413
Sodium-dependent
P23975
L95, L109, A145, I156, L238, F272, L284, I291, A305, I309, L319, V325, Y367, V379, L386, V387, F388, I389, L390,



noradrenaline transporter

Y391, A394, A405, I428, F459, I466, L469, L472, A477, L486, I490, F495, F540, I549, A554, W556, V569


414
Protein kinase C eta type
P24723
V360, M370, L371, A372, V383, V390, I406, L407, A410, F415, L416, L429, F430, F431, V432, L441, A456, Y459,



(EC 2.7.11.13)

A460, A461, I463, I464, A466, L467, L470, I475, Y477, V485, L487, C493, L495, F498, W537, M540, L543, L544,





M547, A581, I584, L585, F588, I608, F613, F614, V641, F644, F671, F674


415
Deoxyribonuclease-1 (EC
P24855
I25, A26, A27, F28, I30, F33, M38, V44, I47, V48, I50, L51, Y54, I56, A57, L58, V59, V62, A69, V70, L73, L77, Y102,



3.1.21.1)

L103, F104, V105, V111, F131, I137, V138, F140, V147, F150, A151, I152, V153, L155, A157, A162, I166, L169, V172,





V176, V185, M186, L187, M188, F191, A193, I206, L208, I218, C231, A232, I236, V237, V238, A239, L243, A246,





F257, A268, I271, V277, V279, L281


416
C-X-C chemokine receptor
P25024
L37, C110, C187, V190



type 1


417
C-X-C chemokine receptor
P25025
L155



type 2


418
Adenomatous polyposis coli
P25054
L137, L204, I224, C344, L356, A383, A386, L387, I391, V406, L407, L410, I413, Y416, C417, C420, I446, V450, L453,



protein

A465, M466, L469, L472, A474, I475, A476, L478, L479, V481, L497, A501, A504, L505, L508, L519, C520, C525,





M526, L529, L540, I544, A545, V547, L548, L551, L563, V569, L572, M573, C575, A576, V588, L589, A591, L592,





L595, I606, A612, L613, L616, I631, I638, L639, V642, I646, L656, C661, L665, I676, A680, C681, L684, L687,





A703, L707, I718, A725, L729


419
Myelin protein P0
P25189
L48, C50, F64, W66, F80, F95, I112, I114, F125, C127, L144


420
Tumor necrosis factor
P25445
C63, C73, C85, C119



receptor superfamily



member 6


421
Integrin beta-7
P26010
C54, I55, C61, W63, C64, L86, L123, A124, V128, V130, L132, V142, F144, V152, L154, Y155, Y156, L157, M158,





L160, M164, I191, F193, F196, V197, F204, V205, C216, F229, F242, V246, V251, A264, I265, L266, A268, A269,





C271, I275, L283, L284, V285, F286, Y327, L337, A340, I345, A347, V348, Y356, A367, V378, A385, L395, Y408,





C428, V431, V437, F439, V441, L443, A445, L455, L457, A459, L466, V468, L470


422
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P26136
I29, C30, L31, A35, V42, V52, L58, V59, L67, C68, L74, C80, L82, I83, A86, L87, C92, L95, V102, F103, I104, V110,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

C113, Y114, F116, Y121, L124, L128, A129, L134, F141, A154, C155, F163, F164, L167, L170, I181, Y195, W197,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

V199, H200, H201, Y212, V219, V221, I247, I249, Y250, L253, V254, I260, F262, L268, I269, A270, Y275, I292,



chain]/strain

C299, L300, I306, V327, L334, A335, A352, W361, Y369, A391, A443, L465, L473, C484, F485, I487, H489, C491,



A/Mallard/Astrakhan/263/

C495, I496, I499, A513



1982 H14N5 (Influenza A



virus (strain



A/Mallard/Gurjev/263/1982



H14N5))


423
Hepatocyte growth factor-
P26927
C157, C169, Y199, W215, C240, W250, C251, Y252, C263, L265, C391, W394, H400, L414, C419, C431, C443, V484,



like protein

W494, V496, L498, L511, I517, L518, A520, V536, L538, V555, L569, V570, L571, L572, V584, C602, I604, A605,





L624, C632, M645, C646, L665, A666, C667, L675, I678, I679, V697, I704


424
Serum
P27169
L28, I48, A63, F64, I65, I85, M88, L129, L130, V131, V132, V141, L143, F144, L153, I159, L167, I170, F178, Y179,



paraoxonase/arylesterase 1

G180, V205, F220, A223, I226, V235, I237, A238, I245, V247, L267, V268, L280, V282, C284, H285, V304, I307, A322,





L328, V333, A334, L341, L342, I343, A350, L351, C353


425
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (EC
P27487
Y43, Y68, L69, A81, L90, I114, L116, A130, Y132, I134, L142, L164, A165, V167, I172, V174, I198, W201, V202, Y203,



3.4.14.5)

V207, A213, L223, A224, Y225, A226, F228, I236, Y238, Y241, A259, A261, F268, V270, V271, I287, M293, Y299,





L300, C301, V303, I311, L313, W315, V324, M325, I327, C328, C339, L340, I346, W353, V354, F371, H383, I384,





C385, I389, V404, L415, Y416, Y417, I418, L431, I434, V442, L445, C447, C454, Y468, L470, C472, L482, L500, V507,





L514, L519, M528, L530, L542, L543, L544, V546, A548, C551, A555, L567, A568, I573, I574, V575, A576, F578,





M591, A593, I594, L598, V603, I607, A609, A610, F613, V619, I624, A625, I626, Y631, Y634, V635, M638, V639, L640,





C649, I651, A652, V653, A654, V656, W659, Y661, Y662, V665, Y666, Y670, M671, Y683, V688, A692, F695, Y700,





L701, L702, I703, H704, V711, I719, L723, V724, V726, F730, Y735, H740, I742, I751, M755, F758, I759, C762, F763


426
Genome polyprotein
P27909
L29, M48, M126, V128, C148, C167, C180, C182, V189, Y191, A251, A255, M281, C283, V301, V303, V304, L305,



[Cleaved into: Capsid

C310, V311, M314, A315, L321, I323, L325, V330, L339, C340, I341, A360, C385, L394, C396, A397, F399, L405,



protein C/strain Brazil/97-

V410, L415, Y417, V419, V421, I444, I453, L455, L461, L463, C465, L471, V477, L478, L479, M481, V488, F493, L517,



11/1997 (DENV-1)

V518, L544, H562, L563, C565, L567, M569, L572, C582, F586, V592, V600, V602, V604, Y606, C613, I615, I632, V638,





I647, I658, V660, W671, I963, I993, L1396, L1398, I1497, Y1498, I1500, V1513, V1515, F1516, V1520, F1521, H1522,





M1524, L1533, M1534, V1547, L1551, I1552, Y1554, W1558, F1560, V1570, V1572, I1573, A1574, V1575, V1584,





F1591, A1600, I1601, I1614, V1615, V1622, L1624, Y1625, V1630, Y1636, V1637, A1643, L1680, I1683, V1684,





A1687, L1695, I1696, L1697, A1698, V1703, A1704, M1707, A1708, L1711, V1733, L1735, M1736, H1738, F1741,





Y1754, M1756, I1757, I1758, M1759, A1762, I1770, A1771, A1772, I1776, A1785, A1786, A1787, I1788, F1789,





M1790, I1827, V1835, W1836, F1837, V1838, I1847, A1848, C1850, L1851, I1859, L1861, F1866, W1878, Y1880, V1881,





V1882, A1891, V1898, I1899, V1917, V1925, A1928, A1930, A1931, I1937, Y1948, V1949, L1955, A1962, A1967,





L1970, L1971, I1974, L1984, F2009, V2010, L2012, L2018, W2021, L2022, V2026, A2027, W2038, C2039, V2048,





I2057, L2067, A2074, F2086, F2089, A2090, W2506, Y2521, I2526, V2529, L2538, A2547, V2548, A2553, L2555,





F2558, V2559, V2564, V2570, I2571, L2573, C2575, C2584, A2585, V2590, V2593, Y2596, V2625, C2633, L2636,





L2637, C2638, I2649, L2655, V2657, L2658, V2661, W2664, L2665, C2671, I2672, I2674, L2675, Y2678, V2682, L2686,





M2689, M2696, L2697, H2708, M2710, Y2711, W2712, V2713, I2720, V2724, M2730, L2731, I2769, I2776, V2817,





L2820, W2824, I2865, M2866, A2870, L2873, V2904, A2914, A2917, F2923, C2939, C2942, V2943, Y2944, M2969,





L2971, A2973, L2976, A2980, F2983, M2984, W2989, F2990, V2999, L3007, Y3009, L3011, I3014, I3017, M3022,





I3034, A3057, I3060, Y3065, V3069, V3070, V3072, V3081, V3084, I3085, L3101, F3104, M3107, V3109, L3111,





I3112, M3115, L3126, V3135, L3139, L3147, M3150, A3151, I3152, V3158, V3159, F3166, A3169, L3170, A3172,





L3173, M3176, V3198, F3200, F3205, I3216, V3217, V3218, C3220, V3227, A3230, A3236, A3244, A3251, W3254, L3256,





F3259, H3260, L3264, A3267, A3268, A3270, I3271, A3274, V3275, V3277, H3290, L3302, W3305, V3308, W3309,





W3315, V3328, L3331, A3352, I3355, I3359, L3365, L3372, M3375, M3378


427
Interleukin-1 receptor type 2
P27930
V46, L48, W69, A92, L93, L95, A98, C108, I121, L150, W169, L192, V194, Y205, C207, I220, I224, C258, V260, L262,





A276, I281, V328


428
Genome polyprotein
P27958
V194, V203, C207, C226, C229, V230, C238, W239, V240, L258, I262, L265, A269, C272, L275, C281, L286, F291,



[Cleaved into: Core protein

W353, V355, A426, L427, W437, F442, C459, F465, C486, C494, A499, V502, C503, V506, C508, F509, F537, L539,



p21/genotype 1a (isolate H)

W549, C552, W554, C564, A566, C569, C581, C585, F586, A592, Y594, C597, I603, C607, M608, V609, Y611, V629,



(HCV)

M631, A642, A643, C644, C652, L665, V674, A684, I690, L692, V699, Y701, V720, L724, L725, L754, C922, V949,





L964, A1004, I1061, L1070, A1071, C1073, I1074, V1077, C1078, W1079, V1081, A1085, V1097, L1108, V1109, L1120,





L1130, L1132, I1140, V1142, I1158, L1161, L1169, C1171, A1176, V1177, L1179, F1180, A1190, A1192, V1193,





F1195, I1196, V1198, L1201, L1228, V1251, L1252, V1253, L1254, M1268, I1291, Y1293, Y1296, A1301, I1312,





I1314, C1315, C1318, I1326, I1329, V1332, A1336, L1343, V1344, V1345, L1346, A1347, I1362, I1373, F1375, I1380,





V1384, I1385, L1391, I1392, F1393, C1394, C1400, L1403, L1407, I1412, V1432, V1433, V1434, V1435, L1440, F1444,





F1448, V1451, I1452, F1470, A1481, Y1499, L1517, C1518, C1520, Y1521, A1526, Y1528, L1539, Y1542, L1555,





F1557, W1558, V1561, L1565, I1568, F1572, L1586, V1587, A1588, A1591, C1594, A1599, L1611, H1619, L1624,





L1625, L1628, I1641, I1645, V2128, L2441, L2450, L2451, V2457, Y2458, A2465, Y2484, V2487, V2491, A2493, A2494,





A2495, V2498, A2500, A2508, C2509, Y2523, A2525, V2528, A2532, A2535, I2539, L2546, L2547, I2558, C2566,





A2577, L2579, V2581, L2585, V2587, V2589, C2590, A2594, L2595, V2598, V2599, L2602, A2605, V2606, Y2611,





V2621, L2624, A2627, M2635, L2637, Y2639, V2648, I2653, I2659, Y2660, C2662, C2663, A2669, A2672, I2673,





L2676, L2680, Y2681, L2686, C2694, C2699, A2701, V2704, L2705, C2709, L2713, A2719, A2721, A2722, C2723,





A2726, L2728, M2733, L2734, V2735, L2740, V2741, V2742, I2743, C2744, A2754, L2756, F2759, A2762, M2763,





Y2766, A2768, I2783, V2790, A2793, Y2802, L2804, L2812, A2813, A2815, A2816, L2829, I2832, I2833, A2836,





L2839, W2840, A2841, I2844, L2845, M2846, H2848, F2849, F2850, L2859, A2862, C2865, I2867, A2870, C2871,





Y2872, I2874, L2877, L2879, I2882, I2883, L2886, A2891, F2892, V2905, A2906, C2908, L2909, L2912, V2914,





A2919, W2920, A2924, V2927, L2931, L2932, A2938, A2939, C2941, L2945, F2946, A2949, A2961, A2962, F2971,





A2973, Y2975, I2980


429
Proteasome subunit beta
P28062
L76, A77, F78, F80, V84, I85, A86, A87, V88, A92, A94, V106, I107, L113, L114, M117, C124, L131, C135, L137, I146,



type-8 (EC 3.4.25.1)

V148, A150, A151, L155, M159, M169, M172, I173, C174, L183, V186, A207, M211, A224, L227, A231, I232, A233,





A235, V245, V246, M248, Y249, H250, M251


430
HLA class II
P28068
L51, M61, A73, L90, C97, V117, V119, M132, L133, A134, C135, V137, F140, W149, C192, V194



histocompatibility antigen,



DM beta chain


431
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
P28472
V63, M65, I67, I69, Y82, L84, M86, W92, L97, I141, V149, A159, L165, C175, L177, I179, I189, A199, L233, L235,



receptor subunit beta-3

F237


432
Mitogen-activated protein
P28482
A9, V14, F19, V21, Y25, I31, A35, Y36, M38, C40, A42, V49, V51, A52, I53, I56, C65, L69, I72, I74, L75, I83, I84, I86,



kinase 1

I89, I95, M98, V101, Y102, I103, V104, L112, L115, L116, L121, H125, I126, C127, F129, L130, I133, L134, L137,





I140, H141, A143, V145, L146, H147, L150, L155, L156, L157, L163, I165, F168, L170, A171, L184, A189, W192, Y193,





A195, I198, M199, L200, Y205, I209, I211, W212, V214, C216, I217, L218, A219, M221, L222, I227, F228, L234, L237,





I240, L241, L244, L252, I255, A260, L264, L267, F279, A286, L287, L289, L290, M293, L294, A307, L308, L313, F329,





M333, L335, L338, L343, I347


433
Granulins (Proepithelin)
P28799
C133, C157, C215, C239, C290, C314, C372, C396



(PEPI) [Cleaved into:



Acrogranin (Glycoprotein of



88 Kda) (GP88)



(Glycoprotein 88)



(Progranulin); Paragranulin;



Granulin-1 (Granulin G);



Granulin-2 (Granulin F);



Granulin-3 (Granulin B);



Granulin-4 (Granulin A);



Granulin-5 (Granulin C);



Granulin-6 (Granulin D);



Granulin-7 (Granulin E)]


434
ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic
P28907
F59, V63, C67, Y70, M77, V85, F89, A92, F93, I101, Y106, L109, M110, C119, I122, L123, L124, A132, F135, L145,



ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 (EC

L149, L150, L153, A154, W159, C160, V187, F188, V192, A197, A199, A200, V204, V206, M207, L208, I215, F216,



3.2.2.6)

F222, V225, V227, L230, V235, L238, A240, V242, L253, I259, L262, I266


435
Tumor necrosis factor
P28908
C44, C45, C48, C58, C65, C69, Y74, C81, A83, C84, V85, C87, L92, V93, C98, V105, C106, C108, F113, C114, C122,



receptor superfamily

A123, C125, C131, I136, V137, C233, C240, C244, Y249, L250, C256, C259, V260, C262, L267, V268, C273, W275,



member 8

C281, C283, C289, C297, A298, C300, C306, V311


436
Gap junction beta-2 protein
P29033
W44, F51, C60, C64, H73, C169, A171, C180


437
Neuroendocrine convertase
P29120
C319, A393, V411, A511, L525



1


438
Amyloid beta A4 protein
P29216
C49, C53


439
Ephrin type-A receptor 3
P29320
L33, Y68, V70, L82, V87, A92, I95, Y96, V97, L99, F101, L103, V112, F120, L122, I146, M155, V171, F179, Y180, L181,



(EC 2.7.10.1)

A182, F183, A188, V190, A191, L192, V195, V197, A436


440
Ephrin type-B receptor 2
P29323
W43, V61, W72, L73, I78, A83, I86, V88, M90, F92, V94, V103, F111, L113, I141, V150, I159, F166, V169, F174, Y175,



(EC 2.7.10.1)

L176, A177, F178, L187, V190, V192, A435


441
Collagen alpha-5
P29400
I1464, L1490, Y1491, L1503, Y1537, W1538, L1539, I1561, C1564, A1565, V1566, C1567, A1569, F1599, H1602,





C1620, F1629, I1630, C1632, C1638, C1678, V1680, C1681, M1682


442
Interleukin-12 subunit alpha
P29459
V48, M51, A55, I105, C123, L131, M141, M159, I163, C196, L199, I209


443
Interleukin-12 subunit beta
P29460
V30, V32, V33, V46, I58, W60, V79, A85, C90, L102, L104, I116, A133, F140, C142, W144, V191, C193, I208, V210,





V212, A214, Y220, Y223, I229, I233, V252, V254, L271, F273, C274, V275, V277, A304, I306, V308, A310


444
Protein PML
P29590
C57, C66, L73, H74, L76, C129, C140, C148


445
Non-receptor tyrosine-
P29597
L28, V30, A53, V56, I60, A61, V64, L73, L76, A81, L91, L101, F103, F109, Y151, L152, F153, F160, A165, L184, M186,



protein kinase TYK2 (EC

A187, L191, H193, C214, I215, F219, Y259, L260, L263, A267, V277, L280, L283, V316, V318, I324, C378, F380,



2.7.10.2)

V393, I395, C402, L403, L405, L407, A413, F416, V417, L419, V420, Y423, L426, V438, H452, Y471, L472, L483, L485,





V487, I507, V526, L529, I563, V639, L641, L644, F655, A659, V676, C677, I684, M685, V686, L695, L699, V714,





A715, L718, A719, A721, L722, L725, V735, I740, L742, I755, L757, V762, V773, I776, A780, W798, F800, A802, L804,





L805, I807, C838, L841, L844, C848, F859, I862, L866, L913, V927, V929, A934, W944, I948, L951, H958, I959, I960,





C966, L974, L976, V977, L986, L990, L1000, L1001, F1003, A1004, I1007, C1008, M1011, L1014, I1020, H1021, L1024,





A1025, A1026, V1029, L1031, V1037, I1039, F1042, L1044, A1045, A1069, C1072, F1078, V1084, F1087, V1089, L1091,





Y1092, L1094, L1124, L1127, L1128, L1134, C1140, V1144, M1148, C1151, W1152, L1165, L1169


446
CD40 ligand
P29965
A124, V126, L138, V153, L161, V163, Y169, I171, A173, V175, F177, F189, A191, L193, L231, A235, V237, V239,





V241, F256, L258


447
Peroxiredoxin-5,
P30044
V67, V76, L78, F82, V88, L89, F90, V92, F96, C100, H104, L105, F108, A112, L115, A117, V123, A124, C125, L126,



mitochondrial (EC

V128, A131, W137, A140, A143, L150, A151, F157, L178, F181, M183, V184, V185, V190, A207, I210



1.11.1.15)


448
T-cell differentiation antigen
P30203
V58, V60, A78, A79, A81, V82, C83, A126, A151, V153, A171, V174, M176, V185, C186, A195, V197, V198, C199,



CD6

A255, A257, V278, V280, F282, V289, C290, A299, V301, L302, C303, C308, M326, Y328, L337, A355, V358, C360


449
Lens fiber major intrinsic
P30301
A12, A15, A19, Y23, V24, L28, L32, V44, A45, F48, A51, V67, A70, V71, A74, A86, Y89, A97, A101, V112, L116, V127,



protein

A130, V142, I145, F146, A161, V164, L168, H172, A181, M183, A186, A190, A192, V203, Y204, I209


450
HLA class I
P30460
M29, Y31, A35, F46, V52, F57, V58, F60, A73, W75, I76, Y83, F91, L102, L105, L119, M122, C125, V127, Y140, Y142,



histocompatibility antigen,

Y147, I148, L150, L154, W157, A163, A164, V176, A177, L184, C188, V189, L192, Y195, L196, L203, V213, A223,



B-8 alpha chain

L225, C227, A229, F232, Y233, L239, W241, A269, A270, V271, V272, V273, Y281, C283, V285, H287


451
Tyrosine-protein kinase
P30530
L54, C56, L58, V98, L102, C117, V119, V133, C160, W173, F203, C205, A207, A219, I221



receptor UFO (EC 2.7.10.1)


452
Type-1 angiotensin II
P30556
I27, C101



receptor


453
Fibroblast growth factor 9
P31371
L66, C68, L74, I76, I94, L95, V105, I107, L116, M118, C134, F136, Y148, V164, A165, L166, F184, F187, V197, L200


454
Cytokine receptor common
P31785
C62, V64, M70, C72, W74, L85, L87, C102, L106, C115, L117, L124, F128, V129, V130, L132, L146, L148, V152,



subunit gamma

L162, L165, L170, L172, W174, L183, H185, V187, F221, V223, F227, A234


455
Low affinity
P31994
A50, L62, V67, L69, W84, A103, Y111, C113, L126, L129, L133, V134, L135, L140, F142, I148, L150, C152, L160,



immunoglobulin gamma Fc

V163, F165, F166, F181, A186, Y194, C196, I212, V214



region receptor II-b


456
Low affinity
P31995
A50, L62, V67, L69, W84, A103, Y111, C113, L126, L129, L133, V134, L135, L140, F142, I148, L150, C152, L160,



immunoglobulin gamma Fc

V163, F165, F166, F181, A186, Y194, C196, I212, V214



region receptor II-c


457
Carcinoembryonic antigen-
P31997
L36, A45, V51, L52, L53, V55, Y65, W67, I79, I80, A105, L107, M109, V112, Y120, L122, V124, F138



related cell adhesion



molecule 8


458
Neuronal acetylcholine
P32297
A139, L140, A153, I187, L189



receptor subunit alpha-3


459
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate
P32754
V22, F24, A29, A33, M40, F42, V61, I62, I67, V68, F69, L71, I96, F98, C103, V107, A110, V131, A134, L136, H144,



dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.27)

L146, V147, C176, I184, V185, Y200, V217, L224, V228, V229, A230, I236, M238, I240, I252, I267, A268, L269,





I274, A277, I278, L281, Y296, L317, I322, Y331, L332, L333, I335, L346, F347, L348, V350, I351, F368


460
T-lymphocyte activation
P33681
A46, L48, C50, I64, W66, V73, L74, L99, I101, I103, Y114, C116, V118, I160, C162, W175, V200, L204, F214, C216,



antigen CD80

I218


461
Surface antigen S/isolate
P33795
F36, A66, L83, I210, V238



Human/India/Ind3/1967



(VARV) (Smallpox virus)


462
N-acetylgalactosamine-6-
P34059
I33, L34, L35, L36, L37, M38, M41, L46, M62, F69, F72, Y73, A75, A84, A85, L86, L87, L91, F97, A104, I113, I117,



sulfatase (EC 3.1.6.4)

L123, L124, L128, I137, V138, W141, L143, H154, W159, H166, V180, Y190, A203, Y209, A213, F216, I217, F226,





F227, L228, Y229, W230, A231, V232, A234, Y240, A241, Y254, A257, V258, I261, I265, I268, L272, V283, F284,





F285, A291, I294, C308, F314, M318, A322, L323, A324, W325, I342, F346, L350, L368, Y384, M391, A392, A393,





A400, H401, V427, I441, F442, A464, I468, L486


463
Neurotrophin-4
P34130
V118, V120, A179, I193


464
Catenin alpha-1
P35221
A128, L141, L150, V157, I161, L164, L173, L187, A191, L198, M207, A208, L221, L229, L243, I244, L248, V252,





I255, A258, A259, F285, L305, I312, A316, M319, I333, A339, V340, L344, L347, L348, M371, L378, L382, A385, V386,





H389, V390, L395, L401, L404, A407, A408, V416, F423, A427, L430, V433, A434, A437, C438, V450, M452, L457,





A459, L460, V464, A468, L471, A480, W491, V497, L498, A501, V502, F511, L512, V514, I519, C526, A529, L530,





L538, A542, I545, A549, V552, V556, V572, L573, L579, V583, F587, A594, F611, A614, V618, I622, I625, F691, L698,





I712, A716, M719, M723, M726, V742, A745, A746, I749, A752, M756, L759, I763, L776, L780, I783, L790, C793,





A815, L818, I819, A821, A822, L825, M826, A828, V829, V833, A839, A896, A902


465
Catenin beta-1
P35222
A149, I153, L160, V168, A171, A172, V175, I188, M194, V195, A197, I198, V199, M202, C213, A215, L218, L221,





L228, I231, I237, A239, L240, V241, V251, L252, A255, I256, L259, L262, L263, A269, V273, L279, M282, L285, F293,





L294, A295, C300, L301, L304, A305, I315, A317, L324, V325, I327, M328, L336, L337, V343, L344, L347, C350, I357,





V358, A360, M363, A365, L366, L368, L370, L377, V378, C381, L382, L385, L388, A391, A392, M398, L401, L402,





L405, V406, L408, L409, V417, C419, A420, A421, I423, L424, L427, V438, I444, L447, V448, V451, A454, I460, A464,





I465, A467, L468, L471, A481, A484, V485, L491, V494, V495, L497, L498, L506, I507, A509, V511, L513, I514, L517,





A518, L519, A522, A525, L527, A532, I533, L536, L539, L540, A543, V564, M566, I569, V570, C573, A576, L577,





L580, A581, V584, I590, I596, L598, F599, V600, L602, L603, I610, V613, A614, A615, V617, L618, L621, A622,





A627, A628, A630, I631, A633, A636, L640, L643, L644, V651, A652, A655, A656, V658, L659, L781


466
Interleukin-13
P35225
L43, L46, I47, L50, C62, V67, M76, Y77, A79, A80, L81, L84, I93, L100, C104, V125, F128, V129, L132, L136


467
Thrombospondin-2
P35442
I600, C619, A639, C707, C715, C720, C756, C779, C815, C838, C876, A882, C912, C932, C948, F959, V965, L967,





L988, I998, A999, V1000, F1005, F1010, V1016, Y1024, A1025, F1027, V1028, F1029, Y1031, F1037, Y1038, V1039,





M1041, A1057, L1065, V1067, V1068, L1078, A1081, L1082, W1083, V1092, L1114, H1116, I1123, V1125, Y1145,





L1150, L1152, F1153, V1154, F1155, V1160, F1162, L1165, Y1167, C1169


468
D(3) dopamine receptor
P35462
C103



(Dopamine D3 receptor)


469
Alpha-L-iduronidase (EC
P35475
V32, V34, W47, F52, A61, V65, L72, L74, A75, Y76, V77, A79, V88, W92, L93, L94, L96, V97, L114, Y117, L120, L121,



3.2.1.76)

F130, L132, M133, A136, F140, F143, V149, W152, L155, V156, L159, A160, Y163, V172, W175, F177, W180, F198,





Y201, Y202, A204, C205, L209, L216, L218, F225, L237, L238, Y258, I259, L261, I272, V279, I283, A300, A314,





V316, Y318, A319, A320, M321, V322, V323, V325, I326, A327, H329, L333, A340, L346, A351, L353, F360, L365, A367,





V371, L381, L382, V386, L387, A389, L393, A394, L396, L401, V418, L421, A422, A436, A437, V438, L439, I440,





Y441, A442, A448, V456, L460, V472, L476, C481, F501, M504, A507, L530, L535, L537, V538, H539, V540, C541,





V551, L564, V565, L566, V573, C577, L578, Y581, I583, L604, V614, Y618, V620, A622


470
Fibrillin-1 [Cleaved into:
P35555
C67, C80, C100, C134, C145, C853, C875, A882, I911, C1526, C1534, C1562, C1564, A1569, I1607, L1613, L1616,



Asprosin]

C2061, C2083, C2084, C2085, I2110, C2111, C2137, C2164, C2190, C2363, C2364, C2365, W2371, C2378


471
Myosin-9
P35579
V34, A44, A54, V56, L58, M86, L89, A95, V97, L98, L101, Y105, L109, I110, Y111, Y113, F117, C118, V119, V120,





I121, I129, I134, V135, Y138, M146, H149, I150, Y151, I153, A157, M161, I170, L171, C172, A178, V187, I188, Y190,





L191, A192, V194, A195, A214, I217, L218, A220, F221, A224, F235, F238, I239, I241, F243, V250, A252, Y257, L258,





A264, F274, I276, F277, Y278, Y279, L280, L288, L292, L293, F302, L303, I310, F319, A325, M326, M329, L339, L340,





V342, I343, V346, L347, L349, I352, F354, A363, A370, A371, V374, L377, L378, F385, I389, L390, A410, F412, A413,





I414, A416, L417, A418, A420, Y422, M425, F426, L429, V430, I433, L437, I448, I450, L451, F456, F464, L467, C468,





Y471, L479, F480, Y492, I497, F504, L508, C511, I512, L514, I515, I524, L525, L527, L528, F542, V546, F556, F568,





C569, I570, I571, H572, V577, Y579, A581, W584, M589, I596, A597, L600, F607, V608, W612, V646, Y650, L654,





L657, M658, L661, F668, V669, C671, I672, I673, V688, L689, L692, V697, I701, I703, F708, F714, F717, Y721,





I729, A739, C740, M743, I744, V761, F762, F763, V767, L771, I783, F786, M809, M871


472
Alpha-actinin-2
P35609
F44, C48, L70, L75, L76, V100, L114, A119, I122, V123, I134, I138, A142, I143, I146, L157, C161, I173, W180, L184,





L186, C187, A188, L189, I190, L203, I209, I212, A215, M216, A219, A231, V235, A244, I245, M246, Y248, V249,





F252, Y253, A262, L289, A290, I297, L304, A315, M316, L348, L378, A381, L389, A403, F406, A410, H413, A417,





L424, V437, H444, I461, A465, L468, V479, I486, L493, L504, M507, H518, F521, A525, M532, A535, I551, L565, I575,





V582, I593, L607, V614, L625, A646, I649, I667, L678, H683, L695, V707, M717, I720, L727, I731, M798, A839, Y844,





I845, L850, A859, I863, A878


473
Metalloproteinase inhibitor 3
P35625
I40, I42, A44, V46, L60, I64, V79, I82, L104, M113


474
Copper-transporting ATPase
P35670
V145, L147, V149, I161, V165, A183, I185, Y187, L197, V201, F206, C271, I279, V285, A297, V299, L311, I315, I363,



2 (EC 3.6.3.54)

I365, I377, I381, V401, L413, I417, C490, L492, I494, V503, I506, L510, V516, V519, L520, A528, I530, Y532, I542,





A543, I546, A553, I566, L568, I570, I582, L586, A595, A604, V606, F608, I618, I619, I622, A629, V820, C1079, V1106


475
Myosin-11
P35749
V38, A48, V58, V60, L62, M90, L93, A99, V101, L102, L105, Y109, L113, I114, Y115, Y117, F121, C122, V123, V124,





V125, I133, I138, V139, Y142, M150, H153, I154, Y155, I157, A158, A161, M165, I174, L175, C176, A182, V191, I192,





Y194, L195, A196, V198, A199, A221, I224, L225, A227, F228, A231, F242, F245, I246, I248, F250, V257, A259,





Y264, L265, A271, F281, I283, F284, Y285, Y286, M287, M295, L299, L300, F309, L310, I317, F326, A332, M333,





M336, I346, L347, V349, V350, V353, L354, L356, I359, F361, A370, A377, A378, V381, C382, L384, M385, F392, I396,





L397, A417, F419, A420, V421, A423, L424, A425, A427, Y429, L432, F433, I436, L437, V440, L444, L455, I457, L458,





F463, F471, L474, C475, Y478, L486, F487, Y499, I504, F511, L515, C518, I519, L521, I522, V531, L532, L534, L535,





F549, L553, F563, F575, I577, I578, H579, V584, Y586, A588, W591, M596, V603, L607, F614, V615, W619, V653,





Y657, L661, L664, M665, L668, F675, V676, C678, I679, I680, A692, V695, L696, L699, V704, I708, I710, F715,





F721, F724, Y728, I736, A746, C747, M750, I751, I768, F769, F770, V774, L778, F806, W832, L885


476
Glutaredoxin-1
P35754
V6, I10, V15, V16, V17, F18, I19, C26, A29, I32, L33, I48, I57, L61, V73, F74, I75, L86, L95, L99, A104


477
Vascular endothelial growth
P35968
V136, I148, C150, L161, C162, A163, F185, I187, I192, A195, V198, C200, A202, I223, L244, C246, A248, V254, L292,



factor receptor 2

I294, V297, Y305, C307, A309, V322


478
Tyrosine-protein kinase
P35991
V219, A221, L233, L235, Y241, A254, I264, A291, V427, I429, I432, F442, M449, L457, V458, Y461, V463, C464,



BTK (EC 2.7.10.2)

I470, I472, I473, L482, L486, L498, C502, V505, C506, A508, M509, L512, H519, L522, A523, A524, C527, V529,





V535, V537, F540, V568, I580, W581, F583, V585, L586, M587, W588, I590, I610, A622, I629, M630, C633, W634,





F644, L647, I651


479
Chitinase-3-like protein 1
P36222
L24, V25, C26, Y27, Y28, C41, L46, L50, C51, I54, I55, Y56, F58, A59, L76, Y77, L80, L90, L93, L94, V96, F101, F106,





I109, A110, F119, I120, V123, L127, F132, L135, L137, A138, W139, F150, L153, I154, M157, F161, L172, L173, L174,





A176, A177, L178, A180, I185, I191, I194, L198, F200, I201, I203, H218, H219, L222, A240, V241, M244, L254, V255,





M256, I258, F265, V274, A276, A295, Y297, I299, V316, Y318, A319, W325, V326, Y328, V334, V338, L341, A349,





M350, V351, A353, L354, F359, F370, L372, A375, I376


480
Phosphoglucomutase-1
P36871
L22, V26, Y35, A36, F39, I40, I43, I44, A55, L57, V58, V59, A70, I71, I74, A75, I77, A78, A79, I83, L86, I88, L94, A98,





V99, I103, I106, I112, I113, L114, A116, F127, I129, I147, C160, L163, V165, F184, V186, V192, Y195, L199, L208,





L212, L218, I220, I222, A224, V228, Y232, V233, I236, L237, L241, F257, A269, L272, M276, F283, A285, A286, F287,





M295, I296, L297, V304, V310, A311, V312, I313, I320, F323, F331, A332, M335, L341, A345, F362, L371, L373, C374,





I386, L392, W393, A394, V395, L396, A397, W398, L399, I401, V409, I412, L413, F424, V433, A438, M441, L445,





M449, F454, V468, L490, L492, F494, I500, V501, F502, I514, L516, Y517, I518, I528, L536, L539, A543, L549


481
Receptor-type tyrosine-
P36888
L143, L182, C231, A233, L268, I270, C272, A274, C330, F369, F418, A420, A443



protein kinase FLT3 (EC



2.7.10.1)


482
Bone morphogenetic protein
P36894
A428, I437, V450, V473, V496, L499, W504, A509, L515, L521, M524, V530



receptor type-1A


483
Activin receptor type-1B
P36896
A401, Y410, H423, V446, M469, M472, W477, A482, L488, L494, L497, V503



(EC 2.7.11.30)


484
TGF-beta receptor type-1
P36897
A399, F408, H421, V444, M467, I470, W475, A480, L486, L492, L495, I501


485
Guanine nucleotide-binding
P36915
I363, C365, V366, F368, L376, I377, L380



protein-like 1


486
Tumor necrosis factor
P36941
C80



receptor superfamily



member 3


487
Pigment epithelium-derived
P36955
L54, A55, A57, F61, L65, Y66, V78, L80, V85, A86, A88, L89, L92, A96, I104, L108, Y122, L125, V129, V143, F144,



factor

F154, L158, V184, M188, I205, L207, L208, V210, A211, F213, F231, M244, C261, A264, I274, I275, L293, I298, A310,





V314, L317, V325, L329, L337, I346, L353, H358, A360, F362, Y388, L390, F394, I395, F396, V397, L398, L407,





F408, I409, I412


488
Serine/threonine-protein
P37023
L405, V418, V441, L464, M467, W472, L483, L489, I492



kinase receptor R3


489
TGF-beta receptor type-2
P37173
C51, C61, C84, V85, A86, V87, V100, C121, F133, C136, C138, I147


490
Electron transfer
P38117
V6, L7, V8, V13, A45, V46, A49, V61, I62, A63, V64, I75, A78, L79, A83, I87, H88, V89, V91, A105, V107, L108, L111,



flavoprotein subunit beta

A112, L119, V120, A139, A150, L160, V162, A179, V180, V181, A183, A201


491
40S ribosomal protein S19
P39019
V6, F14, L18, A19, F53, A57, A58, A61, L64, V99, A100, V103, L104, V113, L131, A135


492
60S ribosomal protein L3
P39023
A45, F46, L47, I56, V76, I78, V79, M84, V87, I89, V105, C114, M153, I160, V162, A164, H165, M168, A178, V185,





L194, A197, V207, I217, V219, I220, V222, V231, I284, I314, F320, F330, V331, M332, L333, L345, L347, I368, M382


493
Collagen alpha-1
P39060
M1454, V1461, I1467, V1469, L1581, L1583, V1584, A1585, L1586, A1600, C1604, A1608, A1619, F1620, L1621,





L1628, I1631, V1632, I1642, W1654, L1657, V1679, W1685, V1690, W1691, H1692, C1706, W1709, A1720, L1723,





L1728, L1729, C1736, I1741, V1742, L1743, C1744, I1745


494
Glial cell line-derived
P39905
V127, F190, A205



neurotrophic factor


495
Thrombopoietin
P40225
L33, L56, V60, L62, A81, I84, L85, V88, L91, V95, A98, L111, L114, V118, I148, F149, F152, L156


496
Thrombopoietin receptor
P40238
L30, L31, C40, F41, F45, L48, C50, F51, W52, L65, Y67, C77, C93, F95, V101, L103, F104, L107, L109, V111, V127,





V130, L132, A134, I139, A141, L150, I152, W154, F164, L165, Y167, L234, L246, Y252, W269, W272, L396, I401,





L406, L408, W410, A418, Y423, Y427, W435, V437, L438, A444, L449, L451, Y457, A463, Y470, W474, W477


497
B-cell antigen receptor
P40259
V61, M63, C65, W76, A105, L107, I109, Y120, C122



complex-associated protein



beta chain


498
Alcohol dehydrogenase class
P40394
A24, A25, V26, L27, F34, I39, V41, V49, I51, I53, A55, I58, H64, V65, V76, I77, V78, H80, A82, V96, V102, I103, L105,



4 mu/sigma chain (EC

L107, C116, C124, L135, A136, F142, C144, V149, H151, F152, F158, V163, V164, V169, A170, I172, A176, V181,



1.1.1.1)

C182, L183, I184, F188, Y192, A194, A195, C207, V208, V209, F210, L212, L217, V219, I220, C223, I231, I232, I234,





A244, I253, V265, L266, V274, F278, A290, L291, C294, V302, V303, F331, V340, L343, V344, L354, L357, F364, I367,





F371, V383, L384


499
Leptin
P41159
I35, I38, L72, M75, L79, Y82, I85, I97, L101, L104, L108, A112, A146, L150, L154, M157


500
Extracellular calcium-
P41180
A46, V115, I135, F320, A321



sensing receptor


501
Aquaporin-2
P41181
I112, L116, A127, C181, M183, A186, A190, A192


502
Glycine--tRNA ligase (EC
P41250
M124, L128, F133, A137, L157, I161, W165, F169, L189, V203, A214, L218, L222, M239, L254, L280, A301, I304, F305,



3.6.1.17)

F308, A323, A324, A349, I351, F354, V368, A369, L373, A380, A387, L392, A395, I401, V405, L406, F409, I410, I413,





Y416, L417, V420, L427, F429, W445, A447, I458, V459, C461, C466, L469, L480, A482, A503, I504, V515, I521,





I542, L551, V574, I575, F579, L581, I584, M585, Y586, V588, F589, F593, F605, F607, V611, A612, C616, V618, L619,





F627, L634, L638, V643, Y658, V666, A667, F668, V670, I672, A684, L686, I695, A697, L702, I705, V706, V719


503
T-lymphocyte activation
P42081
A36, L38, C40, L53, V54, V55, L95, L97, L100, C110, I111, I112



antigen CD86


504
Glutamate receptor 1
P42261
I25, I27, L30, F31, A41, F42, L46, L55, M70, F74, V82, A84, I85, F86, V94, L97, C101, V106, F108, I109, F113, F121,





V122, L123, L125, L129, A132, L133, I136, I137, F145, V146, Y147, V161, A165, I177, L192, V200, V201, V202, C204,





L209, L213, I216, I217, Y228, I229, L230, A231, L233, F235, F243, A248, V250, F253, V256, I266, W270, V281, A291,





L292, V297, V299, M300, A303, F304, L307, A320, I337, A340, L341, L349, V353, L366, V368, Y409, I410, V411,





Y419, V420, L422, F429, Y435, Y438, C439, V440, L442, A443, A444, I446, A447, L456, A466, M477, V478, L481,





A486, V488, A489, V490, A491, L493, I495, I503, F509, L512, I514, I516, M517, I518, I647, L653, A654, Y661, F672,





F673, M684, Y687, M688, V695, V697, M704, V707, Y714, A715, Y716, L717, L718, Y725, Y746, I748, A749, V760,





A763, V764, L765, L767, L772, L773, L776, W780, W781


505
Glutamate receptor 3
P42263
I34, I36, L39, F40, A50, F51, V55, F69, L71, V86, F90, V98, A100, I101, F102, M110, L113, C117, F124, V125, F129,





F137, V138, I139, M141, L145, A148, I149, L152, L153, F161, V162, Y163, I177, A181, V193, M209, Y217, L218, I219,





C221, I226, L230, V233, V234, Y245, M246, L247, A248, L250, F252, V260, A265, I267, F270, V273, V280, F283,





W287, A298, A301, L303, A308, L309, A313, I314, V316, I317, A320, F321, L324, A337, I354, A357, L358, M366, I370,





I383, V385, I425, V426, V427, Y435, V436, Y438, L445, Y451, Y454, C455, V456, L458, A459, Y460, I462, A463, L472,





A482, M493, V494, L497, A502, I504, A505, V506, A507, L509, I511, I519, F525, L528, I530, I532, M533, I534, I665,





L671, Y679, F690, F691, M702, Y705, M706, V713, V722, V725, F732, A733, F734, L735, L736, Y743, Y764, V766,





A767, V778, A781, V782, L783, L785, L790, L791, L794, W798, W799


506
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-
P42336
M16, L21, V22, C24, L25, L26, M30, I31, V32, C36, L42, I45, L49, A53, L61, I69, F70, V71, V73, F82, F83, L89, L92, L94,



bisphosphate 3-kinase

F95, L99, V101, I117, A120, I121, V125, F128, V136, F139, I143, L144, C147, A150, A163, Y165, I181, I190, V192,



catalytic subunit alpha

V193, I194, L209, I211, V220, I221, A222, A224, L239, L244, L252, V254, C255, C257, Y260, F261, L262, L267, Y270,



isoform

Y272, I273, C276, L285, L293, L327, I330, L334, I336, I338, A341, I354, Y355, V356, I360, Y361, V376, L387, Y389,





I393, L396, A399, A400, L402, C403, L404, I406, C407, V409, C420, L422, A423, L429, F430, L443, L445, L452, L456,





V461, L473, L475, V484, I492, A496, L531, I534, L540, L551, C558, V559, I564, L565, L568, L569, L570, V580,





A581, M583, V587, I593, A598, M599, L601, L602, V611, F614, A615, V616, C618, L619, L628, Y631, L632, L635,





V636, V638, L639, L648, L649, V650, L653, L654, A657, L658, I663, H665, F667, F668, W669, L671, V680, F684, L686,





L687, L688, Y691, C692, A694, C695, Y698, L699, L702, V706, A708, M709, L712, L715, I718, L719, L735, M739,





F744, A747, L748, F751, L755, L761, L764, C769, I771, L779, L781, W783, I788, M789, L792, L793, I799, F801, L807,





L812, L814, I816, I817, M820, W824, L831, M833, L834, L839, L847, I857, I860, L877, H878, L881, A893, L896, F897,





C901, A902, Y904, C905, V906, A907, F909, I910, L911, I913, I921, M922, V923, L929, F930, H931, F934, F937, L938,





F954, F960, L961, I962, V963, I964, C971, F977, F980, C984, A987, Y988, A990, I991, A995, F998, I999, L1001,





F1002, M1004, M1005, M1010, L1013, F1016, I1019, Y1021, I1022, L1026, A1035, F1039, M1043, W1051


507
Protein AF-9
P42568
V7, L11, L13, H15, A17, V34, V36, F47, V48, V51, V52, F53, Y71, I82, L83, I85, V87, F89, Y102, L104, F131, L135,





I522, I526, I530, V555, L558


508
Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-
P42658
V131, V133, F156, V165, A201, L202, V220, L242, A245, I255, F256, I257, I262, W291, L292, Y293, A303, A314, I318,



like protein 6

L328, L356, H357, V358, L361, L368, M370, Y382, I383, V394, A395, V396, W398, I407, C411, A413, W429, F447,





H462, I463, V487, I500, F502, L514, A517, V520, L528, C536, F550, C554, V564, H565, L606, M608, I610, L624,





L625, M649, V650, A655, V656, V657, L672, V676, M689, V692, M695, V706, A707, V708, Y716, L717, I721, F733,





C735, A738, I742, F745, A749, A751, L757, Y767, V772, V776, L785, I786, I787, H788, I795, F797, H799, L807,





I839, F843


509
Leukemia inhibitory factor
P42702
V81, I112, L134, L153, V170, V176, L211, H216, V218, I220, V254, F269, C270, C271, V277, A280, I299, V314, F316,



receptor

I327, A329, I349, C351, W353, L371, F397, Y406, F408, L410, A412, I427, V431, L451, F459, C466, I468, V494, I509


510
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
P42768
F258, L267, L270, F271, L281, I290, F293, I294, V303, L326, I438, L470



protein


511
Growth/differentiation factor
P43026
C400, F409, C433, A447, I476, C498, C500



5


512
Platelet-activating factor
P43034
V111, M123, V124, A126, I132, L146, V153, L165, A166, C168, I174, L176, W177, M188, V195, V198, I207, V208,



acetylhydrolase IB subunit

A210, I216, W219, V237, V240, I249, A250, C252, V258, V260, L272, V279, C281, L311, L312, I320, L334, V341,



alpha

I353, L354, C356, A357, L362, W365, Y367, V383, V396, V404, V406


513
Cathepsin K (EC 3.4.22.38)
P43235
I44, L48, Y126, V130, C136, C139, W140, A141, A147, L148, L159, L162, L167, V168, V171, A185, F186, V189, I195,





Y201, M211, A219, C221, I227, L235, A238, V239, V242, V245, V247, A248, I249, A251, F256, F258, Y264, Y265,





L274, H276, A277, V278, L279, A280, V281, Y283, W292, I294, W302, I308, M310, A311, A317, C318, I320, A321,





L323, A324


514
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P43258
A11, L13, C14, L15, A19, V26, V36, L42, V43, I51, C52, I58, C64, L66, I67, L70, L71, C76, F79, L86, F87, V88, F94,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

C97, Y98, Y100, Y105, A106, L108, V112, A113, L118, F125, A138, C139, F147, F148, L151, L154, L164, Y178, W180,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

V182, H183, H184, Y195, V202, V204, I230, I232, Y233, I236, V237, V242, L243, I245, L251, I252, A253, F258, I274,



chain]/strain A/Duck/Hong

C281, I282, I288, V309, L316, A317, A334, W343, Y351, A373, A425, L447, L455, C466, F467, I469, H471, C473, C477,



Kong/64/1976 H3

I478, I481, A495


515
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P43259
A11, L13, C14, L15, A19, V26, V36, L42, V43, I51, C52, I58, C64, L66, I67, L70, L71, C76, F79, L86, F87, V88, Y94,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

C97, Y98, Y100, Y105, A106, L108, V112, A113, L118, F125, A138, C139, F147, F148, L151, L154, L164, Y178, W180,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

I182, H183, H184, Y195, V202, V204, I230, I232, Y233, I236, V237, V242, L243, I245, L251, I252, A253, F258, I274,



chain]/strain A/Duck/Hong

C281, I282, I288, V309, L316, A317, A334, W343, Y351, A373, A425, L447, L455, C466, F467, I469, H471, C473, C477,



Kong/231/1977 H3

I478, I481, A495


516
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
P43260
A11, L13, C14, L15, A19, V26, V36, L42, V43, I51, C52, I58, C64, L66, I67, L70, L71, C76, F79, L86, F87, V88, F94,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

C97, Y98, Y100, Y105, A106, L108, V112, A113, L118, F125, A138, C139, F147, F148, L151, L154, L164, Y178, W180,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

V182, H183, H184, Y195, V202, V204, I230, I232, Y233, I236, V237, V242, L243, I245, L251, I252, A253, F258, I274,



chain]/strain A/Goose/Hong

C281, I282, I288, V309, L316, A317, A334, W343, Y351, A373, A425, L447, L455, C466, F467, I469, H471, C473, C477,



Kong/10/1976 H3

I478, I481, A495


517
Neuronal acetylcholine
P43681
A141, H142, A155, V165, I189, L191



receptor subunit alpha-4


518
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-
P44815
H11, L19, I20, I21, V26, F32, I33, A34, V40, A41, L42, H43, A44, L45, A48, I49, L50, A52, A53, I58, L77, L78, A81, V85,



cyclodiphosphate synthase/

I92, V95, I97, I99, M106, I110, M113, A115, I117, A118, L121, I125, V128, A132, I147, A148, C149, A151, A153, L154,



strain ATCC 51907/DSM

L155, I156



11121/KW20/Rd


519
Aspartoacylase (EC
P45381
I11, V14, A15, I16, F17, V31, I41, A57, L69, F73, A93, I96, F100, I111, I112, F113, M122, C124, L126, L128, L136, I137,



3.5.1.15)

M139, F140, I143, V154, L156, I170, V175, I177, V179, M195, M198, A202, L203, F205, I206, F209, I220, V222, I225,





A241, L247, V281, V283, A294, F295, A296, I308


520
Short/branched chain
P45954
A72, I76, M83, V93, L97, M103, I105, V107, V122, L123, V124, I125, L128, A129, A133, V135, A136, C139, I146, L149,



specific acyl-CoA

I150, L163, L166, C175, A181, A192, L201, I208, A211, A214, L216, F217, L218, V219, M220, A221, I232, F235,



dehydrogenase,

L236, V237, L244, C261, L263, V268, V270, L276, A286, I295, I297, A298, A299, M301, L302, L304, A305, C308, I316,



mitochondrial

L332, L343, A346, A353, A354, A367, A370, A374, A378, C385, V400, A407


521
Chemokine XC receptor 1
P46094
A26, W27, V28, F29, A30, L32, A33, V36, L37, C39, L40, F42, L46, V47


522
Large proline-rich protein
P46379
V19, V21, A35, V39, F42, I46, V50, L59, L72, V77, I82, L84



BAG6


523
Vesicle-fusing ATPase (EC
P46459
V23, I74, F121, V514, A551, A554, L623, L627, L677



3.6.4.6)


524
Neurogenic locus notch
P46531
C423, C438, C449, C456, C461, C487, C525, C942, C1056, C1180, C1454, C1467, C1496, C1509, L1515, C1536, L1574,



homolog protein 1

V1575, V1576, V1577, V1578, L1585, F1592, L1596, L1600, I1616, V1676, L1678, I1680, C1685, A1696, V1699,





A1700, L1703, A1705


525
40S ribosomal protein S10
P46783
L15, F16, M21, A23, V45, A48, M49, L79


526
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase
P46934
G451, Y463, L499, L529, L563, Y785, F858, F948, M964, I979, L988, A990, L992, F996, A1008, W1011, F1012, I1015,



NEDD4 (EC 6.3.2.—)

M1019, F1027, F1054, F1056, I1057, V1060, A1061, M1063, A1064, V1065, L1071, F1075, Y1080, M1083, L1084,





M1093, L1104, F1119, I1121, V1143, Y1151, V1155, M1168, F1171, F1175, L1178, I1179, I1184, F1187, L1192,





M1196, C1197, W1207, V1223, I1224, F1227, W1228, A1230, V1231, L1242, L1243, V1246, F1257, L1260, F1269,





V1271, L1290, L1292, L1301, L1305, I1309


527
3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-
P46952
L32, I48, L64, V66, L85, V89, V100, V104, L116, Y119, L194, V211, A213, L230, L248, L255, A272



dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.6)


528
F-actin-capping protein
P47756
A9, L25, L39, L60, V119, Y120, A129, V131, L133, I134, H152, V154, V156, A165, Y167, L169, V173, M174, V217,



subunit beta

M220, I224


529
Tumor necrosis factor ligand
P48023
A147, L149, L160, L181, I183, Y189, V191, V195, F197, L207, H209, V211, L257, V259, F276, L278



superfamily member 6


530
Stromal cell-derived factor 1
P48061
I59, A61, I72, I79


531
Glycine receptor subunit
P48167
V80, V82, V84, I86, Y101, V103, I105, W111, L116, L128, L163, I165, V171, I179, L181, C183, L187, F190, C197,



beta

M199, L201, L211, F213, C255, V256, V258, F260, L262, V273, I280, V281, F288, L309, A328, L329, L333, C336,





V350, M353, A370, A470


532
Transcription factor SOX-9
P48436
V114, A116, L123, L135, L139, F154


533
G protein-activated inward
P48544
W108, A139, L168, A206, V207, I208, L217, V221, I234, A236, L238, L252, I257, L274, M289, V301, V303, L305,



rectifier potassium channel 4

A318, Y322, F351, A368


534
T-complex protein 1 subunit
P48643
A33, A41, M48, A75, I77, I87, M91, V109, V110, A113, L116, L123, I133, A140, A144, A169, L173, A186, A189, A192,



epsilon

V204, I229, M239, A246, I248, A249, I250, L251, F255, I289, I292, A297, L299, A300, I301, C302, A310, L314, L319,





A321, I330, I333, A356, V359, V373, I374, I385, F386, I387, L402, A405, V408, I409, L412, V419, A424, A425, I427,





A430, V433, A437, F451, A452, A454, A461, V477, L510, A520, I527


535
Protein ERGIC-53
P49257
V64, I80, V82, A83, V93, W94, A99, V106, V108, F110, V112, A120, L123, A124, W126, Y127, A128, V137, F138, V147,





F150, F151, I165, I167, I168, I174, F194, V201, A203, I205, L212, V214, I216, A231, F244, I246, A248, H257,





V259, F262, F265


536
Alpha-aminoadipic
P49419
L33, L42, Y55, C70, I77, A78, V80, V92, A95, A98, W102, V114, I117, L121, I125, L128, L131, V132, L134, M136,



semialdehyde

V147, Y150, V151, I153, C154, A157, I179, L187, V188, I190, I191, V198, A199, V200, Y201, A206, I207, A208, M209,



dehydrogenase

I210, C211, V214, C215, L216, W217, L225, I226, V228, A229, V230, I234, L238, A246, I247, L250, C252, I257, A260,





M261, A262, V267, L269, L270, V286, L294, A302, I303, I304, A305, V314, A318, A321, A326, A333, L336, F337,





I338, V346, L350, Y369, L372, F381, A384, V385, A388, Y408, V409, I413, V414, A424, A430, I432, L433, V435, F436,





F438, V444, L455, I459, F460, W470, Y516


537
Alanine--tRNA ligase,
P49588
I10, F14, F17, F18, A42, A44, M46, F49, A69, A70, C75, I76, F97, L101, W104, C115, M117, A118, L121, L122, Y134,



cytoplasmic (EC 6.1.1.7)

V135, F138, C152, W156, C184, C187, I190, H191, A200, L212, W215, L217, F219, I220, I238, M242, L244, L247,





V248, Y258, F263, Y266, I270, A288, A294, Y295, V297, L298, A299, H301, A302, I305, V307, A308, L309, L324,





I327, L328, A331, V332, A335, L339, F346, A347, L349, V350, V353, L357, F361, I375


538
Prolactin-releasing peptide
P49683
A44



receptor


539
Cartilage oligomeric matrix
P49747
C287, C292, C328, C351, C387, C410, C448, C484, C504, F531, L539, L570, A571, V572, F577, F582, H587, V588,



protein

Y596, A597, I600, F601, F609, Y610, V611, M613, A629, A631, I635, L637, A639, V640, L650, A653, L654, W655,





V664, W684, L686, H688, Y694, I695, V697, M717, L722, V724, F725, C726, I732, W734, A735, L737, C741


540
Presenilin-1
P49768
V89, C92, M93, V96, A136, I213, L226, A231, A234, L235, A246, V261, A285, V379, L381, F386, Y389, V391, L392,





V393, A396, C410, I414, I439, M457


541
Bis(5′-adenosyl)-
P49789
F23, A24, V36, L37, V38, C39, L58, V65, V69, H94, V99, A139, L142



triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.29)


542
Presenilin-2
P49810
V95, C98, M99, V102, I219, L232, A237, A240, L241, A252, V267, A291, L362, F367, Y370, L373, V374, A377, C391,





I395, I420


543
Glycine amidinotransferase,
P50440
V66, W72, V78, I79, V80, A83, A86, C87, V88, V95, A97, Y107, F115, A123, I127, M130, C131, L134, L163, Y164,



mitochondrial (EC 2.1.4.1)

A166, M167, I171, L172, I173, V174, I179, I180, A182, M184, A185, W186, A195, Y196, I200, Y203, M218, L222, I229,





V245, C252, F253, A255, A256, I259, A261, I265, F266, A267, V272, M281, I294, I304, F308, I310, I311, V316, L317,





F330, M353, M360, V362, L363, M364, L365, V370, M371, V372, I379, F383, V393, I395, A398, L401, F405, H406,





W408, C410, V412


544
Serpin H1
P50454
L102, V107, A109, A203, V226, M271, L324


545
Dynamin-2 (EC 3.6.5.5)
P50570
V13, L16, F20, L29, I34, A35, V36, V37, A42, V47, L48, F51, V52, F56, L57, L69, L71, L73, I74, A81, F83, F91, V97, I120,





L122, V124, V129, L132, L134, I135, L137, I140, I152, I156, I160, I164, I171, L172, A173, V174, A177, A186, A190,





V193, I201, V203, I204, L207, A216, I232, V234, F259, Y265, A269, L277, L281, L285, I289, L293, L300, L304, L305,





F336, F340, F370, L374, L384, I388, I392, A408, F409, V413, V417, C424, C427, V428, V431, L435, V439, C442, L452,





I459, V460, I475, I479, L526, I528, Y541, F543, L545, L550, W552, I572, F586, A587, I588, F589, I603, L605, C607,





V613, W616, F620, V625, V664, M675, I679, M683, I691, L695, L699, L729, A732


546
Palmitoyl-protein
P50897
V36, V88, V95, L99, L105, F120, A123, V124, H143, F147, C160, I163, V181, A183, Y195, F201, L202, A203, I205,



thioesterase 1

Y215, L222, V228, F230, L258, L263, L269, L283


547
Sodium/potassium-
P50993
H42, L44, L49, A66, L102, A106, C109, V133, V138, V169, I170, V183, V184, L188, V189, A199, L201, I203, C209,



transporting ATPase subunit

V211, C241, F242, C247, A252, I255, V256, A272, I286, A297, A318, I320, F321, I325, L334, V340, A346, C354, V362,



alpha-2

C372, L379, M384, A387, M389, W416, A418, L419, I422, A423, L425, C426, A429, V440, A453, L454, V465, L488,





I490, H491, H500, V501, L502, V503, M504, I511, L519, Y539, L542, F552, C553, L557, L580, C581, F582, V583,





L585, M588, A594, V596, A599, V600, C603, A606, I608, I611, M612, A621, A623, A625, I630, I631, A642, A643, A657,





A659, I685, V686, F687, A688, I698, V699, C702, V709, V716, A721, L722, A725, I727, I729, A730, M731, I746,





L747, F752, V759, L764, I765, Y775, L777, F790, L799, I807, A816, L819, L841, V842, L846, A850, I854, Y866, I869,





L870, F875, L880, W887, C915, A918, F919, F920, A921, I923, V924, V925, V926, L931, I933, C934, L951, L955, A962,





L975, M977, A988, I995, L1006, Y1020


548
Ras-related protein Rab-7a
P51149
L9, V11, I12, I13, L14, V19, L24, M25, Y28, V52, V57, M59, I61, A65, Y78, C83, C84, V85, L86, V87, F88, V90, L99,





F106, F120, V121, V122, L123, V134, A139, C143, A156, V162, A165, F166, I169, A170, A173


549
Ras-related protein Rab-27A
P51159
L13, Y27, L96


550
Transcription activator
P51532
M1462, I1465, V1466, V1469, I1501, F1507, I1510, I1514, L1525, V1529, C1533, A1536, L1553, F1557, V1560



BRG1 (EC 3.6.4.—)


551
Galactokinase (EC 2.7.1.6)
P51570
A16, V32, A34, L53, V64, V73, A107, V110, V113, A120, A127, V128, V130, V133, L139, A143, V147, A148, F152,





L153, A167, C170, A173, V211, I222, C243, V246, L255, L263, A266, A278, H280, V281, A291, A292, A294, Y318,





C322, L328, V329, A332, C351, L356


552
Methyl-CpG-binding protein
P51608
L124, F132, L138, F142



2


553
Fatty aldehyde
P51648
V8, L27, A29, L30, M33, V34, I41, I45, L49, V56, V61, V64, I68, M71, L75, V104, V105, L106, I107, F115, L117, I119,



dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3)

L122, I123, A125, I126, A127, A128, A131, V132, I133, I134, L150, L151, L159, Y160, L173, F182, V193, A196, A197,





C214, I216, V225, C226, I229, Y234, C237, I247, L248, C249, I257, I261, I282, F288, I291, L294, I313, A314, V317,





L318, V327, M328, I332, I336, L337, I339, A348, L359, A360, L361, Y362, V363, F364, M374, V388, Y410, F419


554
C-C chemokine receptor
P51681
Y187



type 5


555
N-sulphoglucosamine
P51688
A25, L26, L27, L28, L29, A30, L58, F60, A63, F64, V67, A75, L77, L81, M88, L107, L111, I120, I121, V126, V131, Y132,



sulphohydrolase (EC

I152, I155, V159, F162, F171, F172, L173, Y174, V175, A176, F177, F193, C194, I207, A232, L236, Y240, V250,



3.10.1.1)

V253, L257, L267, I276, F278, L285, V296, A311, V313, L318, I322, L323, L348, A351, M376, V379, L386, F408, L411,





L438, L464


556
Arylsulfatase E
P51690
M61, L163, L292


557
Amyloid-like protein 1
P51693
F395, A398, V409, L413, L467, L477


558
Potassium voltage-gated
P51787
W379, W392, I394, I396



channel subfamily KQT



member 1


559
Chloride channel protein
P51800
V547, L558, A559, V567, Y579, V582, V594, L599, L618, L635, L641, A644, F648, V658, V668, M673, A676



ClC-Ka


560
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase
P51812
V85, A93, A98, I121, F129, V131, I146, L155, F165, V170, Y173, L174, A175, L177, A178, A180, L181, L184, L187,



alpha-3

I189, I190, Y191, L194, I199, L201, H206, I207, L209, F212, A225, A236, H245, A249, W251, W252, F254, V256,





L257, M258, M261, F268, I280, L281, L285, F290, A295, L298, L299, L302, A308, V318, I321, F327, L335, A347, C439,





V450, I453, I464, I466, L467, Y470, I476, V491, V492, L501, L502, I505, L506, A516, L520, I523, V527, L530, V535,





V536, H537, L540, I545, I557, I559, F562, M576, I601, L604, V606, L607, L608, Y609, M611, L612, F618, A619, I629,





W645, A652, L655, V656, M659, L660, A670, V673, W678, V699, A702


561
Cytoplasmic tyrosine-protein
P51813
V442, V444, A461, L467, L472, V478, C479, V488, L497, L513, M516, C517, V520, C521, M524, L527, L537, A538,



kinase BMX (EC 2.7.10.2)

A539, C542, V544, V550, V552, V561, A580, V595, W596, F598, I600, L601, M602, V605, F606, V621, A637, M645,





C648, F659, I666


562
Spermine synthase
P52788
L9, F11, L13, L26, F30, A36, L48, A49, Y51, A59, L61, I63, V69, L71, L73, I89, V93, Y134, I150, I152, I161, I163, I181,





V194, L195, I196, L197, I204, L205, I208, V216, M218, V219, C229, V259, L260, Y263, V273, I274, I298, L299,





M303, V305, L306, F313, V348, Y358, V360


563
Ephrin-A5
P52803
V34, W36, I50, V52, L58, V60, Y77, L79, C102, F118, F130, Y138, I139, L154, V156, V158


564
Biliverdin reductase A
P53004
V11, V12, V13, V14, V16, F42, A62, V70, A71, Y72, I73, H80, I84, F87, L88, V94, L95, V96, M100, A107, L110, H122,





L136, L150, A166, F167, I170, L173, W175, L176, M201, V203, L205, L213, W215, F231, F258, I278, C281, L282,





A285, I288


565
Collagen alpha-4
P53420
L1468, L1494, Y1495, L1507, Y1541, W1542, L1543, V1563, C1566, A1567, V1568, C1569, A1571, F1601, H1604,





C1622, F1631, L1632, C1634, C1641, C1683, V1685, C1686, V1687


566
Dipeptidyl peptidase 1 (EC
P53634
C30, L35, W39, F41, V66, L68, A74, F84, I86, I87, F92, I94, F102, A103, F105, H127, W134, C136, F137, Y259, A262,



3.4.14.1)

M264, M266, A269, I271, L283, V288, Y294, Y304, L305, I306, A307, A311, L316, V317, Y347, Y352, M360, L364,





M370, A371, V372, F374, F380, V407, L408, L409, V410, W423, V425, F439, I441, I450, A454, A456, A457


567
DNA polymerase subunit
P54098
F139, A143, A153, L157, W175, Y178, A194, L195, V196, F197, C202, A212, V213, A214, I215, A219, W220, C224,



gamma-1 (EC 2.7.7.7)

A242, L244, A253, L265, V266, V267, A276, I278, Y282, M289, M297, H298, A300, I301, L304, V359, M393, A397,





V400, V406, F407, V422, A425, M427, L428, V432, Y434, L435, V437, W441, A448, L463, A467, F610, I798, W801,





A804, I808, A839, L841, A847, V870, L874, A876, V878, A880, V887, A889, V891, I898, A899, A900, L902, A908,





A915, A936, A982, A1045, L1061, C1077, I1079, A1082, W1099, V1100, V1101, A1105, V1106, Y1108, H1110, L1111,





L1113, V1114, A1115, M1116, L1119, C1130, Y1139, L1140, V1141, A1149, A1150, A1152, L1153, C1162, M1163,





A1165, L1168, A1178, A1182, V1183, C1197, A1217, L1218


568
Tyrosine--tRNA ligase,
P54577
I14, L27, L36, I38, Y39, F53, M56, I59, F62, C67, V69, I71, F73, H77, A78, A85, V94, Y96, Y97, V100, I101, M104, L105,



cytoplasmic (EC 6.1.1.1)

Y129, L136, A171, L172, A181, F183, I191, F192, A195, L199, V208, H209, L210, M211, I232, L234, V241, L245,





V260, L261, I264, V267, I277, Y289, L295, F299, V304, L309, V313, L317, L321, I324, L336, A339, A340, I370, V372,





I375, I392, V394, V402, V403, L406, L415, V420, V421, V422, L423, L440, L441, C442, A443, L455, V469, L491,





F495, I497, A503, F510, I517, C519, I527


569
Ephrin type-A receptor 4
P54764
I67, V72, L84, I89, A94, V97, Y98, I99, I101, F103, L105, V114, F122, L124, I148, V157, V173, F181, Y182, L183,



(EC 2.7.10.1)

A184, F185, A190, I192, A193, L194, V195, V197, V199, C204, A212, F214, M245, C247, C273, C276, C325, V344, L346,





V398, I400, Y409, F411, I413, A415, V419, V434, A440, V447, V457, L459, V476, I500, Y509, F511, V513, A515, A519


570
Alpha-N-
P54802
V32, L35, V36, L67, V75, V77, V83, A84, A85, A86, L89, Y92, C99, Y132, I154, M157, A158, I162, L164, A165, A167,



acetylglucosaminidase (EC

I174, V178, A181, I189, A197, F198, A200, L230, M233, F236, V241, L242, F245, V253, F271, L281, I291, F295, L296,



3.2.1.50)

Y309, L327, V334, M338, A345, F354, A368, L378, L379, V380, V390, F397, F402, I403, W404, C405, M406, L407,





L420, A430, A444, V453, V454, L457, V475, F478, A479, A490, A493, V501, L517, V518, V536, F537, A539, W540,





L550, F556, L560, L561, L563, A567, V568, L571, V572, Y575, L584, L591, V597, L598, A599, L602, L603, L606, V609,





L610, F616, L618, L622, A625, A635, Y638, L646, L648, W649, A659, L666, V667, Y670, Y671, W675, F678, L679,





L682, V701, V709, V724, A727, Y734


571
Galactocerebrosidase
P54803
L83, L95, L98, F437, V576, V607


572
Adenylate kinase 2,
P54819
I16, A18, V19, L20, L21, A26, A32, L35, F39, V41, L64, V80, L82, I83, F96, L97, L98, F101, A108, L111, M115, L122,



mitochondrial

V125, I126, F128, L134, L135, I139, L143, H145, A182, L183, L187, L197, Y200, Y201, I210, A212, I223, F227


573
Allograft inflammatory
P55008
L24, L47, F50, Y54, F57, L59, I65, L70, M73, L74, L86, I90, F101, Y103, F106, L107, A116, L118



factor 1


574
Transitional endoplasmic
P55072
L26, V28, V38, V39, L41, M46, V57, L59, A67, V68, C69, V71, I82, M84, V88, L92, V94, I100, I102, C105, I114, V116,



reticulum ATPase

I119, Y134, L135, F139, L153, V154, V161, F163, V165, V166, C174, V176, A177, V181, C184, A214, I216, V220, I241,





L242, L243, Y244, I254, A255, A257, V258, A259, I269, I274, L286, A289, F290, A293, A299, I300, I301, F302,





I303, L306, I309, A310, I324, V325, L328, L329, M332, L335, V341, I342, V343, M344, A345, A346, I353, L357, F363,





V367, I369, L381, V399, A400, H406, V407, L411, L414, C415, A418, A419, A422, A439, V447, F452, A455, L489,





V493, V514, L515, F516, L527, A528, A530, I531, A532, F539, I540, I542, L547, L548, V559, F563, A566, C572, V573,





L574, F575, F576, I582, V600, I601, M608, I619, I620, A622, L639, I645, L657, A676, L687, I690, A694, I731, H735,





A739, V747, I752, L762


575
Fibroblast growth factor 8
P55075
L74, V83, V85, A93, A95, A102, I126, C127, M128, I135, C145, F147, A158, M169, A170, F171, V190, F192


576
Laminin subunit beta-2
P55268
C519


577
Cadherin-8
P55286
V70, F109, I118, A120, L124, L134, A138, I154, I155, V157, V176, V189, A223, I224, I225, V242, I244, A246, L262,





V264, A300, F324, L353, V355, A357, V378, I380


578
Cadherin-15
P55291
L138


579
FAD-linked sulfhydryl
P55789
A114, A115, A146, L153, F166, L170, C171



oxidase ALR (EC 1.8.3.2)


580
Eukaryotic translation
P56537
F7, I13, A17, Y23, C24, L25, V26, A27, F34, F38, V49, I53, I59, V64, L70, L71, V72, I84, V97, L104, V107, A115, L116,



initiation factor 6

V117, L129, L133, V142, V148, V153, L160, V161, L173, L177, V179, V186, I193, A194, M197, V198, C203, A204,





F205, C206, V218, F222


581
Ubiquitin-associated and
P57075
L28, A38, A41, L42, A53, L57



SH3 domain-containing



protein A


582
Ras-related protein Rab-25
P57735
V15, V16, L17, I18, V23, L28, L29, V47, A60, V61, A63, I65, A69, Y74, A76, Y81, Y82, A85, A88, L89, L90, V91, F92,





L94, V103, L110, V120, M121, L122, V123, V135, A140, A144, A156, L157, V162, A165, F166, V169, L170, I173


583
Anthrax toxin receptor 2
P58335
F43, L45, Y46, F47, V48, L49, V55, I62, V66, L69, A70, L80, F82, I83, V84, F85, I91, I102, L109, I120, L124, A127, I131,





I142, I143, I144, A145, L146, A159, A163, V173, Y174, C175, V176, V178, L186, I189, L206, I209, I213


584
Spike glycoprotein/SARS-
P59594
V328, V337, I345, A350, L374, V382, A384, F387, V388, V389, I397, A398, I405, A406, Y410, L412, C419, V420,



CoV (Severe acute

L421, A422, F483, V496, V497, V498, L499, V510



respiratory syndrome



coronavirus)


585
CD81 antigen
P60033
Y127, L131, A134, V147, H151, C156, V169, L174, C190, I194


586
Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-
P60484
L25, I33, A34, M35, A39, I50, V53, F56, L57, I67, Y68, L70, I101, F104, C105, L108, A120, A121, I122, H123, A126,



trisphosphate 3-phosphatase

V133, M134, I135, C136, A137, L139, A148, A151, Y155, Y174, V175, Y180, L193, F195, M198, F200, F206, V217,



and dual-specificity protein

F241, V249, V255, F257, H259, M270, F271, F273, V275, F279, V317, L325, A328, F341, V343



phosphatase PTEN (EC



3.1.3.16)


587
Interleukin-2
P60568
L34, L37, L38, L41, I44, L45, I48, M59, F62, F64, M66, L73, H75, L76, C78, L79, L83, L86, V89, L90, F98, L105, I106,





I109, I112, V113, F123, I134, V135, F137, L138, W141, F144, C145, I148


588
Proteasome subunit alpha
P60900
A31, V40, A41, V42, C47, A48, V49, I50, V51, C78, V79, V91, A94, Y96, A99, L114, C115, I118, A119, C136, M138,



type-6 (EC 3.4.25.1)

I139, L140, I141, V151, C154, A165, A167, A168, V195, A198, I199, C201, L202, V217, V219, V220


589
Cell division control protein
P60953
I4, C6, V7, V8, V9, A13, V14, C18, L19, L20, F28, V36, F37, V42, V44, I46, Y51, L53, L55, A59, L70, Y72, V77, F78, L79,



42 homolog

V80, C81, F82, V84, V85, F90, V93, W97, V98, I101, C105, F110, L111, L112, V113, I117, L129, I137, A142, L145,





A146, L149, V155, C157, A159, L165, V168, F169, A172, I173, A175, A176


590
Pterin-4-alpha-
P61457
L17, W25, A33, I34, F40, A46, F49, V53, A57, V73, I75, L77, L85, L92, A93, I96, V99



carbinolamine dehydratase


591
Lysozyme C (EC 3.2.1.17)
P61626
C24, L26, A27, L30, M35, L43, A44, W46, M47, C48, L49, A50, I74, F75, I77, C83, C95, C99, L102, I107, A108, A110,





V111, C113, A114, V117, V118, I124, W127, C134, V139, C146


592
Beta-2-microglobulin
P61769
V29, Y30, L43, C45, V47, F50, H51, L59, L60, F82, L84, Y86, F90, Y98, A99, C100, V102, H104, W115



[Cleaved into: Beta-2-



microglobulin form pI 5.3]


593
Transforming growth factor
P61812
C317, C318, L319, F326, C350, L388, I390, C413



beta-2


594
Epididymal secretory protein
P61916
V37, C42, C47, Y55, V59, F61, I101, Y109, L124, W128, L130, L138, F139, C140, W141



E1


595
Ras-related protein R-Ras2
P62070
Y15, L17, V18, V19, V20, V25, L30, F34, V40, C55, I57, A62, L64, I66, L67, A70, M78, M83, F89, L90, L91, V92, F93,





V95, F101, I104, F107, I111, V114, F120, M122, I123, L124, I125, L131, V137, L145, A146, A156, A158, V164, A167,





F168, L171, V172


596
40S ribosomal protein S7
P62081
L27, L30, L36, L40, L43, I51, A59, I61, V64, F72, L79, V93, I95, L130, L133, V134, V156, F173, V176, Y177, V185


597
Actin, aortic smooth muscle
P62736
A9, L10, V11, C12, C19, A21, A31, V32, F33, I36, V37, Y55, A60, L67, I73, M84, I87, W88, F92, L106, L107, A110, L112,





M121, I124, M125, F126, F129, V131, A133, M134, V136, A140, V141, L142, L144, I153, V154, L155, V161, H163,





V165, I167, L173, A176, M178, L180, L182, A183, L187, L191, I194, L195, A206, I210, V211, I214, C219, V221,





A222, I250, I252, F257, C259, L263, F264, I276, I284, C287, I289, I291, L295, Y296, A297, V300, L301, Y308, I311,





M315, I319, W342, I347, F354, W358, I359, I371, V372, C376


598
40S ribosomal protein S26
P62854
A78


599
60S ribosomal protein L11
P62913
L22, A36, L40, V70, V74, I82, L87, F105


600
Guanine nucleotide-binding
P63092
L43, L44, L45, L46, I56, M60, I95, L99, A102, I103, I106, L113, I131, F146, A150, L153, V159, C162, C174, A175, F178,



protein G

I182, I185, F219, M221, V224, A243, I244, F246, V247, V248, Y253, F273, L282, V287, I288, L289, L291, L296, L297,





V301, A337, I341, F345, A351, I372, C379, I383, H387


601
Inward rectifier potassium
P63252
V161, L245, I250, I267, L298, A362, F374



channel 2


602
Casein kinase II subunit beta
P67870
F21, C23, V25, I30, L36, L39, A49, I53, A75, A76, L79, Y80, I83, H84, Y87, I88, I94, M97, F106, C114, M119, L120,





V133, C137, F159, F163, L167


603
Actin, alpha cardiac muscle
P68032
A9, L10, V11, C12, V19, A21, A31, V32, F33, I36, V37, Y55, A60, L67, I73, M84, I87, W88, F92, L106, L107, A110, L112,



1

M121, I124, M125, F126, F129, V131, A133, M134, V136, A140, V141, L142, L144, I153, V154, L155, V161, H163,





V165, I167, L173, A176, M178, L180, L182, A183, L187, L191, I194, L195, A206, I210, V211, I214, C219, V221,





A222, I250, I252, F257, C259, L263, F264, I276, I284, C287, I289, I291, L295, Y296, A297, V300, L301, Y308, I311,





M315, I319, W342, I347, F354, W358, I359, I371, V372, C376


604
Ubiquitin-conjugating
P68036
A3, L7, I14, F22, W35, I39, Y46, A50, F51, I53, I55, F70, H76, I79, V104, I105, L108, L111, V112, L125, F136, A140



enzyme E2 L3 (EC 2.3.2.23)


605
Actin, alpha skeletal muscle
P68133
A9, L10, V11, C12, V19, A21, A31, V32, F33, I36, V37, Y55, A60, L67, I73, M84, I87, W88, F92, L106, L107, A110, L112,





M121, I124, M125, F126, F129, V131, A133, M134, V136, A140, V141, L142, L144, I153, V154, L155, V161, H163,





V165, I167, L173, A176, M178, L180, L182, A183, L187, L191, I194, L195, A206, I210, V211, I214, C219, V221, A222,





I250, I252, F257, C259, L263, F264, I276, I284, C287, I289, I291, L295, Y296, A297, V300, M301, Y308, I311, M315,





I319, W342, I347, F354, W358, I359, I371, V372, C376


606
Hemoglobin subunit beta
P68871
L4, V12, L15, V24, A28, L29, L32, L33, L49, V55, V61, L69, F72, L79, L82, F86, C94, L111, V114, L115, F119, V127,





A130, Y131, V134, V135, A139, A141, A143


607
Hemoglobin subunit alpha
P69905
V11, A13, A14, W15, V18, A22, Y25, A27, A29, L30, M33, F34, V56, A64, A66, A70, V71, V74, M77, L81, A89, C105,





L106, V108, L110, L114, A124, L126, F129, L130, V136


608
Tyrosine-protein
P78324
A51, L53, C55, I66, W68, I106, I111, C121, V122, F168, C170, F175, W184, A213, V215, L217, V226, C228, V230,



phosphatase non-receptor

L246, I250, V271, C273, V275, F278, L285, W287, C331, V333



type substrate 1


609
Retinal-specific ATP-
P78363
F1968, L1970, L1971, F1982



binding cassette transporter


610
Oxidized low-density
P78380
C155, C172, L179, L180, I182, I191, I195, F202, W203, M204, L206, C243, A244, I246, V251, A260, I263



lipoprotein receptor 1


611
Protein jagged-1
P78504
F35, L37, C71, F75, L79, Y132, L134, V136, A138, I161, A177, F179, I183, V185, C196, C200, C229, C262, C265,





C293, C324, C333, C522, C560, C664


612
Reelin (EC 3.4.21.—)
P78509
C674, C700, C1772, C1794, C2485, C2507


613
ETS-related transcription
P78545
V72, W75, I76, C95, L102, L110, F114, L121, I279, F303, F305, V311, A312, L329, M333, L342, F354



factor Elf-3


614
C-C motif chemokine 7
P80098
C34, C35, C59, A63, V64, I65, F66, I74, A76, V83, F86


615
Protein crumbs homolog 1
P82279
C107, C221, C336, C1332


616
Mothers against
P84022
V12, L15, A34, V35, L38, V39, L42, A54, I55, I65, I67, V77, Y88, C89, C109, A112, V120, C121, V122, H126, Y127,



decapentaplegic homolog 3

V130, C233, I235, Y237, V244, A250, M255, V257, L271, V283, I290, V294, L296, V303, A305, C307, I313, V315,





C320, I334, I342, F343, F348, V363, C370, I372, M374, F376, W380, C394, I396, L398, L400, L407


617
Disabled homolog 2
P98082
I124, A155, V168


618
Basement membrane-
P98160
A4204, F4206, F4214, F4219, I4230, L4232, V4234, L4242, L4243, L4244, F4259, I4260, L4262, L4264, L4269,



specific heparan sulfate

V4270, Y4273, L4275, A4280, V4296, A4298, I4307, V4332, I4334, C4355, V4356, L4359, L4376



proteoglycan core protein


619
Polycystin-1
P98161
A290, I294, W305, F307, H323, Y325, V333, A335, L337, V352


620
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B
Q00653
L65, V80, A89, I91, V93, V96, H105, A106, H107, I119, C120, A131, L136, M150, L174, A178, V190, L192, F194, A196,



p100 subunit

I217, L228, V246, L248, L249, V260, F262, I287, V288, F289, V305, L307, L309, F323, Y325, Y326, H493, I496, I504,





I511, V520, L531, H532, A534, V543, L546, A551, A563, M564, H565, A567, L578, H605, A607, V608, L619, A637,





H639, A641, V650, L653, A675, L687, V742, L778, L782, L794, A795, L817, L818, L831, A834, L835


621
Beta-1,4 N-
Q00973
I281, I299, V308, V309, I310, A311, V325, M330, L342, A343, V347, Y351, F361, V382, F426, C429, V449



acetylgalactosaminyltransferase



1 (EC 2.4.1.92)


622
Ankyrin-2
Q01484
F35, A39, V47, L65, A67, H69, L70, A71, A72, V80, L83, A100, L101, H102, A104, V112, V113, L116, L134, Y135,





A137, A138, V145, V146, L149, A168, V169, A170, A178, L182, H197, A199, A200, A208, L212, V226, L237, H238,





A240, A241, V248, A249, L252, L270, H271, V272, A273, M281, V282, L285, L303, H304, C305, A306, A307, V314,





V315, L318, L336, H337, M338, A339, A340, C347, V348, L351, V371, A372, V380, L384, L468, H469, A471, A472, V480,





L501, H502, I503, A504, V513, L516, L534, H535, I536, A538, V545, A546, L549, L567, H568, V569, A570, A571,





A579, L582, V602, A603, V611, L615, M839, V970, V974, I991, I993, V1004, C1006, V1009, A1027, I1031, V1033,





V1077, V1079, I1081, A1085, F1147, F1151, A1152, V1153, V1154, I1164, V1179, A1181, A1187, V1194, L1196,





V1220, L1222, I1233, M1235, I1237, L1260, L1261, V1289, A1297, W1300, L1301, I1302, C1304, A1314, V1317,





A1328, F1330, V1332, A1334, A1342, L1344, C1346, F1347, C1348, L1389, F1403, L1413, V1415, L1428, F1430,





L1503, L3573, I3576, A3577, L3587, A3588, I3601, L3616, L3617, W3620, A3628, L3633, L3637, I3645, M3649


623
Collagen alpha-3
Q01955
F1448, L1474, F1475, L1487, Y1521, W1522, L1523, I1545, C1548, V1550, C1551, F1583, F1586, C1604, F1613,





L1614, C1616, C1622, C1662, V1664, C1665, M1666


624
Inositol polyphosphate 5-
Q01968
C28, L30, L32, A33, L41, I42, I43, I56, I58, F62, C64, C82, I84, V86, F96, I98, C104, F107, L108, V111, A114, F242,



phosphatase OCRL-1 (EC

F243, V244, W247, V249, L258, W261, L262, I271, Y272, C273, I274, F276, L279, A285, W297, V301, M322, M323,



3.1.3.36)

L324, L325, I326, F327, A328, V358, A359, V360, F362, F364, F369, C370, I371, V372, L376, I393, F399, I411, V417,





W419, L420, L423, Y425, V435, L447, L453, Y479, A496, W497, C498, I501, L502, L519, V527, A529, F531, I533, V535,





F572, F574, V577, I589, F599, W614, A617, L624, I632, L634, V636, V638, V643, L657, L659, L661, L669, C679, F680,





L684, L687, C688, I738, L741, V742, L745, A749, L755, L765, I768, L772, V787, A788, A790, L791, F794, L795,





V802, I803, C811, L812, V824, I825, L828, V835, F836, L839, F842, L843, L846, V855, I860, A861, F864, L868, F890,





L891


625
Tumor necrosis factor
Q02223
C24, C37, C41



receptor superfamily



member 17


626
Pro-neuregulin-1,
Q02297
C196, C221



membrane-bound isoform


627
Collagen alpha-1
Q02388
C2876, C2925


628
Desmoglein-1
Q02413
C58, I70, A71, I73, V83, Y85, F100, I109, I111, V115, F123, I125, C127, A129, L143, V145, V147, L179, I218, L225,





L235, V237, C255, I257, I259, I290, A305, L331, V333, L337, L347, I349, V351, I372, V374, V376, V394, A409, Y423,





L433, L442, Y460, I464, I479, I481


629
Desmocollin-2
Q02487
L185, L195, V201, F209, I211, I231, I233, I252, I304, L311, Y319, L321, I323, V325, C341, I343, V376, F404, L417,





V419, L433, I435, V437, V458, V460, A495, I506, W517, L533, Y545, I547, A551, L563, I565, I584, C585, A633, L635,





V648, I650, V652, L664, V666


630
Aminoacylase-1
Q03154
Y19, L20, A34, F38, A42, V52, V60, V62, L63, H80, V83, A98, M114, L122, M141, F158


631
Trefoil factor 2
Q03403
C31, C52, C58, C69, F70, L73, C81, C101, C118, F119


632
Mevalonate kinase
Q03426
V8, A10, V14, H20, A21, V27, L29, V31, L33, L39, L41, V49, L51, L91, V109, A111, F112, L113, L115, Y116, L117, I119,





C120, L129, L143, A147, A148, V151, C152, L153, A154, A155, A156, L157, L158, I185, A189, A206, V207, A213,





L214, L233, L234, V250, I268, C275, M282, L305, V310, L315, L318, L331, C339, V353, L360, A374, V377, I379


633
Complement factor H-
Q03591
Y53, I70, C87, V110, I127, C129, I249, C251, C266, A296, C317



related protein 1


634
1,4-alpha-glucan-branching
Q04446
L31, L38, F45, I59, F69, C88, A92, A95, V98, L100, V136, L142, V144, V145, I146, I157, A161, V164, L197, I199, Y200,



enzyme (EC 2.4.1.18)

H203, V204, I206, Y216, F219, V223, L224, I227, L230, Y232, C234, I235, L237, M238, I240, M241, H243, F249,





I253, F256, F257, A258, A259, L269, L272, V273, A276, I281, V283, L284, L285, V287, V288, H289, A292, L300, F303,





Y310, F311, H319, I334, L335, F337, L338, L339, I342, W345, L346, Y349, F351, F354, F356, V359, M362, L363, Y364,





A389, L390, Y392, L393, M394, L395, A396, L399, V400, I410, A411, M417, A419, L420, I439, W443, L446, W455,





M457, I460, L464, I474, A475, Y476, A477, H480, L490, A491, M503, I513, I517, L519, H520, M522, I523, L525, I526,





H528, L530, Y535, L536, F538, M539, F543, L549, F551, A563, L580, F583, M587, L590, W596, L597, I613, I614,





A615, F616, L621, L622, F623, I624, F625, V638, F646, L650, A654, L683, V685, I687, V691, A692, L693, I694,





L695, V698


635
Glutamate carboxypeptidase
Q04609
F61, I70, L74, F77, L83, A84, A93, V108, L110, Y113, V115, L117, I128, I130, V158, F161, A163, F164, L174, V175,



2 (EC 3.4.17.21)

Y176, V177, A180, L188, C196, I200, V201, I202, A203, V214, A217, V225, I226, L227, Y228, Y234, A236, V253, I258,





L259, A264, L268, A274, V287, V294, I297, A302, L305, L306, M309, A313, W319, V329, V342, M344, I346, I355, V358,





L362, V372, I373, L374, H377, V382, F383, I386, A393, V394, H396, I398, V399, F402, L405, I416, L417, F418,





A419, W421, A423, F426, L428, L429, A435, L442, V447, A448, Y449, I450, A452, I456, Y460, L462, V464, C466,





L469, M470, V474, L477, W93, W497, L515, F521, V523, F524, F525, I530, A531, A535, Y537, Y549, L551, H553,





V555, L561, V562, F565, F570, H573, V576, A577, V579, M583, V584, L587, A588, C597, Y600, A601, V603, L604,





Y607, A608, I611, V627, L632, V636, F639, A643, F646, L661, M664, L668, M669, L671, F675, L679, F686, Y687,





H689, I691, Y692, A693, F705, I708, L712, V728, I732, Y733, A735, A736, V739, A742, A743, L746


636
Copper-transporting ATPase
Q04656
V10, I12, V14, M17, C22, V23, I26, I30, A48, I50, Y52, L62, I66, L173, M175, V177, I189, I193, A211, I213, Y215, V222,



1 (EC 3.6.3.54)

M225, I229, F234, F281, I283, V292, I295, L299, A317, V319, L331, I335, I381, I383, M386, C391, V392, I395, I399,





V419, Y421, L431, I435, C490, I492, V503, I506, L510, I516, L520, A528, V530, Y532, I542, I546, L566, L568, V570,





I582, L586, C595, A604, I606, Y608, I618, I619, I622, A629, V837


637
Neurogenic locus notch
Q04721
C315, C491, C642, C1184, C1443, C1455, C1484, L1490, C1509, C1522, W1529, L1547, I1549, V1551, L1558, F1565,



homolog protein 2

L1573, V1623, L1625, I1627, C1632, F1640, A1646, A1647, L1649, L1650, A1651


638
Activin receptor type-1 (EC
Q04771
V402, L411, V424, V447, L470, L473, W478, L489, L495, I498



2.7.11.30)


639
Acetylcholine receptor
Q04844
V49, I51, L53, V55, I61, V74, I76, I78, W80, V105, W106, V111, L112, A123, V128, V130, V136, W138, A142, C148,



subunit epsilon

V150, W159, F166, V176, F178, V230


640
Focal adhesion kinase 1
Q05397
V39, H58, V64, I67, I68, V72, C82, L87, L124, Y128, F137, F146, F147, Y148, A160, A168, L171, C173, L174, L188,





Y194, L203, F207, A217, F228, L241, F243, F244, L247, F258, L272, A273, I274, I280, A294, I302, L316, L318, A323,





V329, A331, A337, M340, A341, L343, I344, C348, A369, I373, V436, V451, A452, I453, C459, F468, A472, M475, I483,





V489, I490, V495, I497, I498, M499, C502, L507, L511, I524, Y526, A527, L530, A533, L534, L537, I547, A548, A549,





V552, L553, V554, V560, L562, F565, L567, A579, M589, A590, V605, M607, F608, C611, M612, I615, V631, I635,





L651, L654, M655, C658, W659, F669, L672, L676, V928, L931, V932, M938, I942, Y950, V957, L961, L964, V968,





I983, L990, L997, A1004, M1020, A1024, L1027, A1028, A1031, L1034, I1038, A1041


641
External core antigen/
Q05495
Y35, F38, L44, L45, F53, A63, H81, L84, A87, A98, V118, L129, L130, F132, H133, V144, L148



genotype F2 (isolate



Brazil/w4B) (HBV-F)


642
Glutamate receptor
Q05586
A71, V107, Y109, A111, Y158, I163, A236, L269, A279, A284, I301, V309, I314, I400, V401, F408, V409, C436, C454,



ionotropic, NMDA 1

C455, F458, C459, I460, L462, L463, L466, V479, M501, M502, L505, A510, M512, I513, V514, A515, L517, L538, I540,





L541, V542, L672, Y681, A682, V689, F693, M702, Y703, M706, A717, V721, L726, A728, F729, I730, W731, V735,





L736, F738, L746, F758, I760, M762, V772, I776


643
Tyrosine-protein
Q06124
W6, F7, H8, A16, L19, L20, F29, L30, A31, L43, V45, I54, I56, Y63, L65, F71, A72, L74, A75, L77, V78, Y81, L88, I96,



phosphatase non-receptor

L98, L102, A122, L125, L126, F135, L136, V137, F147, V148, L149, V151, I172, L190, L193, V194, V209, L210, L212,



type 11 (EC 3.1.3.48)

L216, I221, A223, I226, V230, L233, F247, L254, I282, L283, F285, V290, Y304, A307, I309, I310, Y327, I328, A329,





C333, V338, F341, W342, M344, V345, V352, I353, V354, M355, C367, Y370, W371, Y380, M383, V385, L401, L403,





V419, Y422, H423, F424, W427, V439, F442, L443, V446, I453, V459, V460, V461, H462, C463, A465, I467, G468,





F473, I474, V475, I476, I478, L479, I480, I482, I483, V488, I492, V494, I498, V501, M508, V509, Y515, F517,





I518, Y519, A521, V522, I526


644
Tyrosine-protein kinase
Q06187
L31, V427, I429, I432, F442, A446, M449, M450, L452, L457, V458, V463, C464, I470, I472, I473, L482, L486, L498,



BTK (EC 2.7.10.2)

M501, C502, V505, C506, A508, M509, L512, H519, L522, A523, A524, C527, V529, V535, V537, F540, L542, V568,





I580, W581, F583, V585, L586, M587, W588, I590, Y591, Y598, I610, L616, A622, V626, M630, C633, W634, F644,





L647, I651


645
Acetylcholine receptor
Q07001
V52, V54, L56, L58, I79, W83, V108, W109, L115, V131, V133, V139, W141, A145, C151, I153, W162, F169, I179,



subunit delta

L181, I253, V330


646
Early activation antigen
Q07108
Y97, A109, C113, L120, A121, I123, L132, W142, V143, L145, C173, V174, L176, I193, C194



CD69


647
Neuraminidase (EC
Q07599
M83, A92, F95, I104, I112, V114, I115, F119, V120, F130, F131, L132, L156, V159, A174, A176, W177, A179, A181,



3.2.1.18)/strain

C182, M189, V191, V193, A200, V201, A202, I204, V214, L222, C231, I232, C236, Y237, W238, V239, M240, A249,



A/Duck/Ukraine/1/1963

Y251, I253, A256, I261, H273, I274, C277, C279, Y280, V286, C288, V289, C290, L302, I304, L315, C316, A317, I319,



H3N8

V346, F349, F351, V357, W358, M359, I363, F371, I373, L374, I376, V393, V394, L397, F406, L418, C421, F422,





W423, V424, M426, W437, I443, V444, M445


648
Prolow-density lipoprotein
Q07954
F859, C861, C879, C895, F900, C902, I908, C914, C920, C936, C943, C955, C961, F982, C984, C1002, F1020, C1022,



receptor-related protein 1

C1040, F1067, C1069, C1088, F1110, C1112, C1131, C1152, V1158, L1160, C1172, C2679, C2696, C2715, F2739,





C2741, C2759, C2781, V2786, V2788, L2793, C2794, C2800, A2804, C2812, C2818, C2837, F2863, C2865, C2884,





C2912, C2930, F3379, C3381, C3399, C3453, F3458, C3460, I3467, C3473, C3479, C3494, F3499, C3501, I3508,





C3514, C3520, C3536, C3543, V3549, C3555, C3561, C3575, F3580, C3582, I3588, C3594, C3600, C3613, C3620,





C3632, F3659, C3661, C3679, C3703, C3749, C3767


649
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
Q07FI5
V7, I20, C21, I22, A26, V33, V36, V43, L49, L50, L58, C59, L61, L67, L69, C72, V74, A75, W77, I78, L79, C84, L87,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

W93, Y95, I96, V97, Y108, L118, L122, V125, F128, F134, A150, C152, H154, L164, L165, W166, L167, L173, L177,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

V189, L190, V191, L192, W193, V195, H196, H197, Y208, Y214, V215, V217, V218, I243, Y245, Y246, L249, L250, I256,



chain]/strain

F258, A260, L264, I265, A266, Y269, A270, F271, A272, L273, F277, I281, I282, C291, C295, A301, I302, H312, I316,



A/China: Nanchang/11/1996

V323, L328, M330, V331, A348, M360, Y365, A387, I388, A439, L451, V458, L461, V465, L469, C480, H485, C487,



H1N1

C491, M492


650
Hepatocyte growth factor
Q08048
F43, C71, A72, C75, C85, A87, F88, V89, C97, W99, L119, W153, C178, C190, F191, C207, C233, W236, C261, C272, C284


651
Interleukin-10 receptor
Q08334
L38, A54, L57, C74, F76, L87, V89, A91, V108, L127, M145, V156, V189, V191, L195, V208



subunit beta


652
Epithelial discoidin domain-
Q08345
M37, A72, W73, L87, V89, V97, V100, I141, M159, A161, V164, F166, L178, V180, L182, L191, Y194, A196, V208,



containing receptor 1

L210, L231, F241, Y255, V256, W258, V268, M270, F274, F280, M283, V285, C287, A295, V301, C303, F305, V336,





L338, A343, L346, C348, F350, L357, L358, F359


653
Tyrosine-protein kinase
Q08881
I358, V388, I390, I393, A397, F403, A407, L418, V419, V424, C432, V434, L443, L447, L459, M462, C463, V466,



ITK/TSK (EC 2.7.10.2)

C467, M470, L473, H480, L483, A484, A485, C488, V490, I496, V498, F501, V522, V541, W542, F544, V546, L547,





M548, W549, V551, V567, I571, A583, I590, M591, C594, W595, F605, L608, L612


654
ATP-binding cassette sub-
Q09428
I701, I703, L708, M710, I711, V712, C717, L722, L723



family C member 8


655
Potassium voltage-gated
Q09470
A347



channel subfamily A



member 1


656
Neuraminidase (EC
Q0A2R1
L86, V93, A104, I105, I113, V115, Y120, V121, C123, M130, Y131, A132, L133, L157, I158, C175, V176, C183, M190,



3.2.1.18)/strain

I192, C193, V194, A201, A203, V205, Y207, A219, L223, C230, V231, C232, A238, V239, V240, M241, V254, M255,



A/Chicken/Victoria/1/1985

Y256, F257, I275, C278, C280, Y281, I287, C289, V290, C291, A298, I302, I303, I305, Y316, V317, C318, V321, L322,



H7N7

V349, F352, F354, W361, L362, F374, M376, L377, I379, A382, I396, V397, F409, I410, Y420, F424, Y425, V426,





L428, V439, L446, I447, A448, L449, A465, I467


657
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
Q0A448
A26, V50, L58, C59, M60, Y65, L68, C71, V74, M76, I78, C83, W91, L94, I95, I101, C104, L115, I119, I125, M128,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

I138, C147, Y156, L159, L162, Y178, H186, L187, I188, I189, W190, I192, H193, Y205, I212, V214, I240, F242, V247,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

I253, F255, H257, L261, I262, A263, V267, L270, I277, C287, C291, F292, A345, Y362, A384, L458, L466, H482, C484,



chain]/strain

C488, A506



A/Duck/Germany/1949



H10N7


658
Endogenous retrovirus group
Q0ED31
A54, H65, A69, M94, M99, V100, M103, L110, W111, L115, V119, V154, I165, Y193, C220, V226, I227, L228, C230,



K member 13-1 Env

C241, V244, I253, L261, I272, I286, I287, V288, H289, L290, V294, I296, C298, I327, A330, C332, I334, W339, L343,



polyprotein

V346, L350, I359, I360, F361, H374, C378, F382, F383, Y384, C385, L390, F391, L410, C412, I414, I417, I418, A427,





M428, I437, I443, I446, L447, L448, F462, W473, L477, Y480, V483, I485, V499, I542, L549, A552, I553, A555, L559,





L560, V564, I567, L570, V574


659
Carcinoembryonic antigen-
Q0Z7S6
L36, A45, V51, L52, L53, V55, Y65, W67, I79, I80, A105, L107, M109, V112, Y120, L122, V124, F138



related cell adhesion



molecule 8


660
Spike glycoprotein/isolate
Q0ZME7
F67, F103, V106, V125, I137, V138, A150, C151, C156, V162, L198, H201, F209, A211, Y212, A214, F222, Y236,



N5 (HCoV-HKU1)

V237, M238, C242, Y256, Y266, L267, L268, A279, C282, L333, C352, F383, V388, F391, A392, L409, C423, Y427,





Y458, A477, I588, F589, L624, F633, A680, C719, C743, V765, I943, A1025, A1070, A1084, L1085, L1098, A1103,





A1106, F1143, I1144


661
NS3 protease
Q0ZNA6
C16, V33, V35, V36, L44, A45, C47, V48, V51, C52, W53, V55, A59, L64, I71, L82, V83, W85, L94, L104, L106, V107,





V113, I114, V116, V132, L135, L143, L144, C145, A150, V151, I153, F154, A164, A166, V167, F169, V170, V172,





M175


662
Calcium-activated potassium
Q12791
F815, L907, M922, C923, C943, A946, F955, L1026, A1037, I1060, A1104



channel subunit alpha-1


663
Potassium voltage-gated
Q12809
I30, A32, C44, F48, C49, L51, C52, A57, V59, C64, C66, A78, I82, A83, I96, A97, F98, C105, V110, V112, L127, A763,



channel subfamily H

A778, I782, I787, I804, F805, V822, A824, L830, V841



member 2


664
Glutamate receptor
Q12879
M112, I116, A136, M162, F170, F177, V187, V191, V203, V217, L248, L260, V292, L307, I408, V409, F416, V417,



ionotropic, NMDA 2A

V419, C436, V440, C455, C456, F459, C460, I461, I463, L464, L467, L479, W493, M496, I497, V500, A505, V506,





M507, A508, V509, L512, V522, V529, V535, M536, V537, V662, L665, F670, F682, I694, M701, M705, A716, A727,





F728, I729, A732, A733, V734, L735, Y761, I763, A764, L765, I775, A778, L779, F782, M788, L791, V807


665
Unconventional myosin-Ie
Q12965
A1058, F1072, I1078, F1100


666
Glutamate receptor
Q13002
L36, F38, I41, A56, F57, A60, V61, I64, L71, I83, A91, A95, L99, V103, A104, A105, I106, F107, A115, V118, C122, V127,



ionotropic, kainate 2

H129, I130, V147, L149, F153, L156, A159, I160, L163, V164, V172, V174, V175, L185, L188, A191, L197, L204,





A211, L215, M218, V226, I227, F228, A235, A236, I238, L239, A242, M247, Y254, I255, F256, L259, L261, L264,





M276, F279, L282, W296, M316, A320, A321, L322, M323, A326, V327, V329, V330, A333, M340, L345, W353, F359,





I363, A366, I375, F387, L389, V391, I392, W405, L433, I434, V435, Y443, V444, F446, L453, F459, Y462, C463, I464,





L466, L467, L470, I480, A490, M501, V502, L505, A510, L512, A513, V514, A515, L517, A518, I527, F533, L536, I538,





I540, L541, Y542, L674, A675, I680, Y682, A684, M691, F694, M705, M709, V716, V718, V728, Y733, A734, F735,





L736, M737, I742, L752, Y764, V766, I778, A781, I782, L785, L791, M794, W799


667
T-lymphoma invasion and
Q13009
M40, A441, L446, V454, V467, L469, L474, F476, V497, I501, V502, V514, F515, C516, L517, A524, F527, L535, W538,



metastasis-inducing protein

I542, H543, A545, C546, A547, A551, L563, M616, C623, Y624, L639, M651, F662, A664, V666, A667, A668, I848,



1

Y858, L873, A884, I895, I898, A903, L906, L920, V924


668
Secretory phospholipase A2
Q13018
F182, C204, C219



receptor


669
Platelet-activating factor
Q13093
I56, C67, M71, F80, L81, Y84, Y85, W97, I98, Y103, L111, L116, M117, L124, F125, A132, Y144, L146, V147, V148,



acetylhydrolase

H151, F156, I165, A168, F172, I173, A175, H179, A184, A186, Y189, V222, A226, C229, A232, L233, I239, I267,





A268, V269, I270, A277, V279, I280, L283, F289, C291, I293, A294, A297, M299, V306, I310, L314, F315, F316, I317,





I328, M331, C334, I344, F354, F357, A380, A387, L389, A390, F391, L392, F402, I422


670
S-methyl-5′-thioadenosine
Q13126
I12, I14, I15, L26, L45, C55, V56, L57, L58, A76, I78, A80, L81, H88, V89, I90, V91, C95, L98, I107, V108, I109, I110,



phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.28)

A132, L152, A156, M169, V170, F186, A191, V193, V199, V202, L204, A205, I210, C211, Y212, A213, I215, A216,





M217, A218, L250, I255, I258


671
Glutamate receptor
Q13224
I35, I37, A38, V39, I40, V65, I81, I85, V97, V98, F99, A100, I108, A109, I111, L112, I115, A117, I123, L124, I126, A135,



ionotropic, NMDA 2B

F146, A154, V156, M157, I160, M161, F169, I171, V172, F176, F182, I186, I190, V202, L205, I216, L220, L223, I228,





L229, L230, Y231, C232, A237, I240, F241, A244, L249, W256, I257, V258, L261, V262, A263, L277, I278, V280,





V293, I299, I300, A303, A304, M307, L308, I329, L335, L339, V342, V363, I364, I365, L367, V376, I408, V409, F416,





V417, V419, C436, I440, C456, C457, F460, C461, I462, I464, L465, I468, L480, W494, M497, I498, V501, A506, Y507,





M508, A509, V510, L513, V523, I530, V536, M537, V538, V663, L666, F671, F683, I695, M702, M706, A717, A728,





F729, I730, A733, A734, V735, L736, Y762, I764, A765, I766, V776, A779, I780, L783, M789, L792, V808


672
Chitotriosidase-1 (EC
Q13231
L24, V25, C26, Y27, F28, A32, A39, F41, L46, L50, C51, L54, I55, Y56, A57, F58, A59, M61, Y77, F80, L90, L93, L94, A95,



3.2.1.14)

I96, F101, F106, M109, V110, F119, V120, A123, L127, F132, L135, L137, W139, F155, L158, V159, L162, F166, L178,





L179, L180, A182, A183, V184, A186, V191, V197, I200, A201, L204, F206, V207, L209, A211, H224, L228, V243,





A246, V247, W250, L260, I261, L262, M264, F271, V281, A283, A302, Y304, V306, V322, Y324, I325, W331, V332,





F334, F340, V344, L347, A355, M356, V357, A359, L360, F365, Y375, L377, I378, L381, C420


673
Noggin
Q13253
L66, V173, C184, V202, L203


674
Butyrophilin subfamily 1
Q13410
A40, A46, L48, C50, A58, L63, W65, A73, V74, Y91, L109, I111, V114, Y122, C124, F126, L136, V137, L139, I208,



member A1

V364, V379, F452, F460


675
Mesothelin
Q13421
I311, L315, I316, L323, C326, V327, L332


676
Alpha-1-syntrophin
Q13424
L13, V31, L33, L40, V42, V88, V90, I112, I114, A122, A123, L129, A134, I135, V138, L143, A151, V162, V163, L164,





V166, M215, L236, I238, A241, L247, L249, A251, A257, I264


677
Interleukin-18 receptor 1
Q13478
I28, V31, L38, H40, W56, V82, L83, F85, V88, Y96, F98, W107, L109, F136, C140, L154, A175, C185, H187, L189,





C237, A239, L241, A278, L282, I284, C298, V300, L313


678
Myotubularin
Q13496
I185, L321, Y329, I350, L385, L388, L393, F438, A455, F475, L479, I539


679
Sequestosome-1
Q13501
A8, L10, L47, V51, F55, A65, F77, A86, I97, I99, L394, M401, L413, L417, A427, I431


680
Polycystin-2
Q13563
L736, L745, L770


681
Myotubularin-related protein
Q13614
A88, V91, L105, V107, L112, F114, A127, L129, V131, I132, L151, I158, L161, F163, A164, I175, L179, F184, A194,



2

W225, I227, C237, Y240, L244, V245, V246, I250, L255, V258, I267, V269, L270, A279, I281, C284, Y302, L303,





A305, I306, I316, I318, F319, A321, A327, I353, L363, L366, Y371, W388, I392, I395, L396, A399, I402, A403, V406,





V413, V414, V415, H416, A425, L427, L430, A431, M432, L433, M434, L435, Y439, I442, F445, V447, L448, V449,





W453, F456, H458, F460, H466, A472, F480, L481, F483, I484, C486, V487, M490, A497, F498, F504, L505, I508, L509,





F517, F520, L521, L533, L540, W541, I544, F551, L564, W576, Y579, Y580, I581


682
Cullin-4B
Q13620
L220, A223, V224, A226, L240, A243, V244, L256, L260, C264, L286, I289, M300, I303, I306, F307, L310, V315, I324,





M327, F332, I336, I337, V342, I347, I350, L351, I354, L368, L371, L372, M374, L375, L378, Y381, F385, F389, Y397,





V410, Y413, L414, V417, L421, L428, L440, V444, L448, L449, I456, L457, L461, L464, L465, L473, L476, L479,





F480, L490, W494, I498, I505, V506, M515, V516, L519, L520, V526, I529, I532, C533, F534, F540, A543, M544, A547,





F548, F551, I552, A560, L562, I563, A564, V567, L571, L587, I590, I593, F594, I597, V602, F603, F606, Y607, L611,





A612, M629, L633, L645, M648, F708, F711, A734, L743, V745, F748, V752, I767, L778, L782, L785, A786, F808, I823,





I850, A853, I854, M858, L869, V873, L886, I890, L893, M899, Y909


683
Interleukin-10 receptor
Q13651
A36, F39, H41, L43, V59, A60, L83, A98, V100, A102, F118, V123, L125, V130, Y157, F161, Y167, I169, V203, V205,



subunit alpha

V209


684
Voltage-dependent L-type
Q13698
A603, V610, V1010, A1023, A1312, L1329



calcium channel subunit



alpha-1S


685
Laminin subunit gamma-2
Q13753
C550, C570


686
Ectonucleotide
Q13822
C59, C76, C80, F90, C94, C118, C120, C124, C130, C131, W144, L166, I167, F169, V171, F174, Y178, M186, I189, L192,



pyrophosphatase/phosphodi-

M202, Y206, Y222, H226, I228, V229, M233, F242, W254, L260, A264, I280, I286, I289, L295, V303, Y304, F306,



esterase family member 2

M325, L329, V336, L339, M340, L343, C351, V352, I355, F356, V357, H360, M362, V365, C367, F372, L373, L390,





I393, I409, L412, Y424, I444, H445, L446, L447, V454, F477, M484, F488, V489, F495, V501, F504, I507, L509, Y510,





M513, C514, L517, L534, M544, A603, V604, Y610, L613, F618, Y622, M628, W631, Y634, C652, V653, V659, A669,





L681, F682, A692, A696, F697, V699, M702, V703, M705, A708, V712, W713, F716, V719, L720, V721, A725, V731,





V733, I738, F739, V757, I762, V764, Y768, Y769, I771, I772, I795, L796, V816, M820, H823, A825, V827, I830, L833,





L836, F838, I849, L850, L852


687
Plakophilin-1
Q13835
A250, L254, A266, I269, C273, A279, V283, L292, V293, V303, A306, A307, A308, A310, L311, L314, V315, L338,





I346, L350, L354, L367, A371, L372, L375, A376, V379, I380, V402, F403, A406, C409, L410, L434, M444, L450, I451,





L454, M455, V458, V472, C475, M476, V478, L479, L482, L486, L543, A548, I549, Y552, L555, A567, C568, A569,





A571, L572, L575, M582, M586, I590, L597, I600, V611, A616, L618, L619, M622, L628, M632, V636, F637, I657,





A661, V665, L668, A670, A700, A704


688
Bone morphogenetic protein
Q13873
L492



receptor type-2


689
Voltage-dependent L-type
Q13936
I702, V1131, A1453, M1470



calcium channel subunit



alpha-1C


690
Coactosin-like protein
Q14019
C10, A12, A13, Y14, V17, W26, V27, F29, I36, F48, C52, L58, F59, A60, F61, V62, F64, A77, L78, I79, W81, I82, V101,





V104, V105, I114, L120, I125, L129


691
Heterogeneous nuclear
Q14103
M99, I101, L104, L113, F117, L130, V143, V154, H160, I167, I184, V186, I198, F202, C226, I228, F230, V236, I239,



ribonucleoprotein D0

H245, V247, I254


692
Lysosome membrane protein
Q14108
V42, L43, F64, F66, F67, V69, I75, Y89, F102, I109, A111, I133, L136, I138, V140, V143, I156, L160, L167, V173, L177,



2

I184, I188, L201, Y213, I228, C245, F256, F269, F273, C274, V287, A292, F293, Y295, A299, I301, L302, V323, V326,





M337, F342, F349, V350, I353, I369, I376, L377, A379, I387, V389, F395, V396, F406, V408, M409, V415, A422


693
Low-density lipoprotein
Q14114
F52, C54, C72, C93, H97, I99, C111, C134, V142, C154, A158, F172, C174, L180, C192, F211, C213, A220, C234, C285,



receptor-related protein 8

C340, I350, C351, C362, C374, L424, F426, I435, L437, I446, A454, A503, Y512, L570, V601, I634, A635, I651, C700


694
Dihydropyrimidinase
Q14117
L7, L8, I9, V14, V15, A23, V25, V27, V32, L35, A54, V59, L60, I64, H67, H69, M70, M75, I80, F83, A89, A90, L91,





M97, I98, I99, F101, A102, L110, I111, A113, W117, A121, V125, C126, C127, Y129, L131, H132, V133, A134, V135,





V142, M146, L149, V150, V155, F158, M160, M162, A163, Y168, V170, L175, A178, F179, C182, I185, A187, I188,





A189, V191, H192, A193, H217, A229, A233, I234, I236, A237, L244, Y245, I246, V247, H248, V249, M250, A254, A255,





I258, A261, V268, I273, A274, A275, L277, Y284, A292, A293, H295, V296, M297, L301, L311, M312, L314, L315, L320,





C328, F330, F342, I345, V349, V352, M356, V358, I359, W360, V364, F374, V375, V377, A382, A383, I385, F386, I395,





A401, I403, V404, I405, W406, I414, V423, F428, C433, V439, I441, V447, F462, I463, A469, I472, Y473, I476


695
Desmoglein-2
Q14126
L58, L64, I85, Y87, I101, F102, L111, V113, L117, F125, L127, A131, L145, I147, I181, V210, I220, L227, L237, V239,





A241, A256, V258, I260, I293, V295, A308, V334, L336, V340, V352, I375, V377, F413, A415, Y428, W437, I438, I447,





Y465, V467, I469, A471, V485, I487, V515, W544, V554, L556, I568, F570, I572, L586, L588


696
Cytoplasmic dynein 1 heavy
Q14204
L2837, V2838, M2953, L2956, I2993, L3115, V3352, V3472, L3645, I3669, V3780, V3790, I3811, L3856, L3947, V4031,



chain 1

L4158, L4331, F4482, L4514


697
Filamin-C
Q14315
F42, C46, L50, L57, L60, L64, L70, I71, L73, L74, V100, V102, A103, L104, F106, L107, I122, I130, L131, L133, I134,





L137, I138, I143, L165, I169, V173, F181, W185, A190, L191, A193, L194, V195, A199, C203, A218, A221, M222,





A225, L229, V231, V234, I235, I240, V250, M251, Y253, L254, A278, A296, V300, A305, V312, V338, H348, V350, V352,





F354, I359, V366, A590, F592, V593, V594, C626, V628, Y630, Y638, V640, V642, A656, C665, A688, I692, A697,





C728, I740, I741, I742, V756, V758, V1065, F1083, I1085, A1090, V1119, Y1121, Y1129, I1131, I1133, I1140, A1147,





I1149, V1158, A1160, V1178, A1183, I1192, I1214, Y1216, Y1224, I1226, I1228, Y1230, V1242, V1253, V1265,





F1273, V1275, V1292, Y1312, V1314, Y1316, H1324, V1326, V1328, V1342, V1353, F1371, V1373, A1378, V1407, Y1409,





Y1417, V1419, I1421, I1428, V1435, V1437, V1446, V1457, V1467, A1472, V1481, V1503, V1515, V1517, Y1519,





V1524, I1531, V1533, V1542, I1554, A1556, F1562, I1564, A1566, A1569, I1578, V1600, Y1602, Y1610, I1612,





I1614, Y1616, I1621, I1628, A1630, A1636, C1639, I1666, V1668, A1673, V1678, V1682, I1704, A1708, Y1714, I1716,





I1718, I1725, V1732, A1734, V1793, V1802, I1822, V1824, H1834, M1836, I1838, I1845, V1862, F1880, I1882, V1916,





Y1918, Y1926, I1928, V1930, F1932, I1937, A1944, I1946, I2003, F2005, H2013, V2015, V2017, V2033, A2041,





V2044, V2064, V2098, Y2100, Y2108, I2110, I2112, F2114, V2126, V2128, V2254, Y2274, V2276, H2286, V2288,





V2290, V2306, V2317, F2335, I2337, V2371, Y2373, V2375, Y2381, V2383, I2385, I2392, V2399, V2401, A2402,





A2408, L2411, L2421, V2431, L2433, A2436, I2440, V2444, I2466, H2476, I2478, V2480, F2482, I2494, V2508,





L2515, F2526, V2528, A2533, V2561, Y2563, A2567, Y2571, I2573, I2575, Y2577, I2583, A2590, A2635, V2638,





A2648, V2658, C2660, A2663, V2694, Y2696, V2698, L2706, V2708, W2710, V2715, V2722


698
UDP-glucose 4-epimerase
Q14376
V5, L6, V7, H17, V19, L20, L22, V30, V31, I32, L49, V52, V60, A72, L73, L76, F82, A84, V85, I86, H87, Y104, L115,



(EC 5.1.3.2)

I118, M119, V124, L127, V128, F129, A133, V135, Y136, L144, H148, I164, I168, W178, A180, V181, L182, L183,





A191, I197, M209, V212, V225, I242, H243, V244, L247, A248, H251, A253, A254, L255, L258, Y267, L269, M280, V281,





A283, M284, A309, L313, A314, L318, W320, M329, C330


699
Semaphorin-3A
Q14563
I110, L308, V373, I451, V475, L476, L494, L529


700
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Q14571
L9, I11, V15, A19, I27, C37, V38, V39, Y66, V115, L123, H125, L132, A146, F161, I176, L193, V209, W218, L242, H244,



receptor type 2

C253, L264, A280, W282, I284, H307, A315, A316, L354, F367, H391, V398, I417, F429, A448, L452, L476, V483,





I514, V518, C556, H562


701
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Q14573
L8, I10, V14, A18, I26, C36, V37, V38, Y65, V116, L124, H126, L133, A147, L162, V177, L194, V210, W219, L243,



receptor type 3

H245, C254, L265, A281, W283, V285, H308, A316, A317, L354, F367, H391, I398, L417, F429, A448, L452, L476,





V483, I514, V518, C556, H562


702
ATP-sensitive inward
Q14654
L149, L233, L255, L287



rectifier potassium channel



11


703
Metabotropic glutamate
Q14833
L83, L86, A328, V341, L353, A363



receptor 4


704
Transmembrane
Q14956
L274, I279, W283, F285, V293, V299, Y303, F309, A317



glycoprotein NMB


705
Importin subunit beta-1
Q14974
I6, L7, A21, L25, L40, L44, A53, A56, A57, L59, I61, L65, W80, V91, V95, A109, C112, V113, A114, I116, A117, L129,





L133, V137, L151, A153, I157, I161, L166, I173, A176, I177, I178, V190, A194, A197, L198, L202, F209, I218, M219,





V221, V222, V233, A236, A237, L241, I244, M245, M252, L260, A267, M268, V275, A276, I280, F282, W283, V286,





C287, A300, A301, A315, A318, L319, L322, V323, L326, L330, C345, A347, A348, C351, L352, L355, A356, I363,





V367, A385, A386, V387, A389, C392, I393, L394, L402, V406, L413, V424, A428, A429, V432, I435, C436, L439,





A442, A443, L452, C455, L456, L460, A467, V470, C471, A473, F474, L477, A478, A481, L499, F503, I506, V507, L510,





L524, A528, Y529, L532, M533, I535, V536, A540, C543, A546, V547, I554, L558, V561, L562, L584, C585, L588,





V591, L592, V595, A600, I603, V607, M608, L611, M614, F615, V624, A628, L629, A631, V632, L635, V636, L639, F643,





M647, F650, L658, V666, C667, A670, V671, L673, V674, L677, C678, L681, M693, L696, V709, I713, L714, V716,





F717, I720, A721, F728, V735, L736, L739, A742, L758, C765, L766, A768, Y769, I772, V773, L776, V787, V790,





V794, I797, L798, F800, I801, I804, V814, V815, A816, A818, A819, L821, I822, L825, A828, V833, V837, I843, L846,





L847, A858, L861, A862, A865


706
Arf-GAP with coiled-coil,
Q15027
V411, C421, C423, A431, V437, L439, C443, H447, L472, M473, I481, I484, I510, L575, M588, A591, A593, A614,



ANK repeat and PH domain-

A622, C623, L626, A647, L655, A656, F659, A680, I688, L691, L713



containing protein 1


707
Lysine--tRNA ligase (EC
Q15046
I84, L105, F108, V128, I132, Y145, L147, L154, V156, A158, L176, I182, V184, I198, I199, L232, V240, I250, I254,



6.1.1.6)

L258, F263, I266, I274, I298, H304, V308, V315, Y316, I318, C338, F340, L350, M357, V358, M361, V362, V385, F387,





F391, I394, M396, V397, L400, F414, L423, C427, L443, L444, L447, V448, L452, C456, F461, I462, H465, L472, A473,





F486, L488, F489, V490, M491, C496, A498, L502, L511, F533, C534, A545, W547, M549, I551, V554, A555, M556, F557, V567


708
Advanced glycosylation end
Q15109
L36, W51, L53, W72, A76, L84, L86, V89, F97, C99, A101, V115, V117, L133, V141, C144, W157, L192, C208, F210,



product-specific receptor

L214, V238, L257, W271, C301


709
Programmed cell death
Q15116
A50, F52, C54, F56, L65, W67, A80, A81, F106, M108, V110, A113, Y121, C123, A125, A140, L142, V144



protein 1


710
Plectin
Q15149
F185, W188, V189, L193, A196, L203, L207, L213, I214, L216, L217, V240, A243, L244, L247, L254, I262, A263, L271,





L273, I274, I277, I278, I283, I286, L301, W304, V309, C317, F320, W324, L329, F330, A332, I333, I334, L341, V347,





L353, L356, A359, F360, A363, V369, L372, L373, V378, I388, I389, Y391, V392, L395, Y396, Y421, V425, L428, M432,





I451, L483, V503, L510, L521, C545, L549, A552, L556, V575, L579, A582, L589, V593, L596, V611, L618, L662,





L665, W668, V669, V688, I702, F705, A712, Y727, L731, L734, L741, L752, L755, F758, V759, A762, L769, L798,





A826, V830, L837, M844, L847, C850, I851, H854, F864, A871, L875, L918, L921, A925, L931, L946, C950, V988,





V991, C992, F993, V995, A1002, V1006, L1009, A4418, I4420, I4431, A4434, L4448, L4449, A4453, C4454, I4458,





I4459, V4469, A4472, I4486, A4489, A4492, A4507, A4508, A4510, A4520, F4524, L4525, A4548, L4562, A4567,





L4572, A4586, L4600, A4603


711
Nectin-1
Q15223
L49, C51, V65, W67, V78, A79, Y93, I109, L111, Y122, C124, F126, L138, V142, L168, A170, C172, L213, A219, L224,





C226, I227, V228, L239, V243, L267, C269, L300, F302, Y314, C316, A318


712
Receptor-type tyrosine-
Q15262
Y77, M78, V80, A91, L93, L95, H104, F108, L123, I125, V127, I138, A152, L154, A155, V156, Y164, V166, F168, A170,



protein phosphatase kappa

I180, A181, I182, F214, C216, L230, A253, F255, Y268, C270, V271, V280, A284, L308, I310, L312, V328, I361,





L365, I406, V408, C420, I427, V454, V463, L465, M467, L469, I507, L509, Y524, I526, F558, Y567, F569, I571, A573


713
Receptor tyrosine-protein
Q15303
Y53, C56, V58, V59, L63, I65, I68, L77, V80, V83, V87, L88, V89, A90, F94, L97, L99, L102, I104, I105, A116, A118,



kinase erbB-4 (EC 2.7.10.1)

I119, L131, L134, L136, L139, I142, V147, V149, A158, I166, V167, C197, C234, A235, A248, C258, V298, C334, I337,





V348, I353, F356, C359, I362, L366, F368, L389, F392, V395, I398, L402, I404, F414, V416, F417, L420, I423, L434,





I436, I442, L445, F447, L450, I453, I458, I460, L466, C467, L477, C496, C507, C512, W513, C532, V748, I750, A769,





A773, M775, L780, V786, C787, V795, L804, V808, L820, L821, W823, C824, I827, A828, M831, L834, H841, L844, A845,





A846, V849, V851, V857, I859, L864, A888, C891, V903, W904, Y906, V908, I910, L913, M914, I929, L933, L939,





V949, M953, C956, W957, F967, L970, F974, M977, L985


714
Sonic hedgehog protein
Q15465
A58, A94, M98, C102, L106, L109, A110, V113, L122, V124, W128, L139, H140, A145, V146, I148, M160, L161, A162,





A165, V173, I181, C183, V185, A187, A193


715
Transforming growth factor-
Q15582
V505, M506, L509, F515, L518, A521, I522, L531, V539, F540, A541, A546, L565, H572, I573, L589, L597, V599, V606,



beta-induced protein ig-h3

V608, V624, V625, H626, V627, I628, L632


716
Myosin light chain kinase,
Q15746
M1536, I1688, L1714



smooth muscle


717
Neuronal acetylcholine
Q15822
A163, H164, A177, I211, L213, V286, I314, V349



receptor subunit alpha-2


718
Serine/threonine-protein
Q15831
V77, L80, M127, V128, M139, L140, A153, F157, I161, L164, L167, I172, V173, H174, I177, L182, L190, I192, C210,



kinase STK11 (EC 2.7.11.1)

V236, W239, A241, V243, L245, F255, I267, L285, L286, M289, I303


719
Syntaxin-binding protein 2
Q15833
L6, V10, I14, V18, I19, V22, V30, L31, I32, M33, I40, L41, I50, I57, I61, A73, I74, Y75, L77, V84, L87, F91, Y99, A102,





I104, F105, F106, L114, L118, L123, L135, A136, F137, V144, F145, L147, A149, L169, L172, A173, I176, A177, L179,





C180, A188, I189, L201, A202, V205, L209, L230, L231, I232, M233, A236, A237, V240, L243, L247, F249, M252, A253,





L291, V299, V303, L326, H346, H348, L349, A350, C353, V361, L364, C365, L371, L388, I389, V392, L393, L394,





I404, V406, L407, L408, L409, Y410, I411, L412, L422, L425, I426, A429, L437, I438, L441, L444, V448, M466, I479,





V482, M483, A486, L534, I535, V536, Y537, V538, M539, V542, M544, M547, A549, A550, V553, V563, L564, I565,





H569, L571, F576, L577, L580, L583


720
Adiponectin
Q15848
A6, L13, P25, V27, L29, G34, G38, I74, P76, I97, A114, F115, V117, F132, F150, L157, Y158, F160, A161, Y162, V166,





V171, V173, L175, L183, V201, L202, L203, L205, V211, L213, F234, F237, L238


721
NT-3 growth factor receptor
Q16288
I71, L134, L157, L182, A298, V301



(EC 2.7.10.1)


722
Solute carrier family 15
Q16348
I653, V660



member 2


723
Acid-sensing ion channel 2
Q16515
F99, L117, Y190, L217, I219, L221, I248, I257, I402, L428, I432


724
Interleukin-17A
Q16552
C94, C99, V121


725
Calcium/calmodulin-
Q16566
C63, L74, V117, L126, F127, Y136, A141, A142, A144, V145, L149, A151, L165, L170, L181, I183, A209, V222, W225,



dependent protein kinase

V227, I229, I233, L234, C236, F241, I254, W266, L271, A273, L276, V277, L280, A294, W299, L317, F320



type IV


726
Laminin subunit alpha-3
Q16787
L272


121
Receptor-type tyrosine-
Q16827
L920, F923, M930, F938, F942, L945, A957, Y974, V979, Y992, A995, I998, Y1007, I1008, A1009, F1021, W1022,



protein phosphatase O

M1024, V1025, I1032, I1033, V1034, M1035, L1036, C1047, Y1050, V1065, F1081, I1083, V1092, H1094, Y1097,





W1100, I1114, F1117, V1118, V1121, M1132, I1133, I1134, H1135, C1136, V1140, F1146, I1147, A1148, L1149,





L1152, V1162, I1164, L1165, V1168, M1171, M1178, V1179, Y1185, F1187, I1188, C1191, V1192


728
Toxin B (EC 2.4.1.—)/strain
Q189K3
L562, I578, Y580, I581, V582, A594, F598, A599, V606, L607, F608, A618, L648, F650, F663, L671, I675, I686, I693,



630 (Clostridium difficile)

L695, M700, F701, Y711, L715, L716, V719, I723, M727, I735, V737, A739, I762, I778


729
Toxin A (EC 2.4.1.—)/strain
Q189K5
L9, A13, Y23, I26, L30, L48, L51, I55, F58, L71, L74, I78, V82, L97, H98, F99, V106, Y113, W117, L128, W129, A134,



630 (Clostridium difficile)

F135, L136, A152, F170, Y171, M175, I178, I204, I205, L209, I231, I239, L244, Y254, L258, A266, A267, V271, A275,





L276, V282, L284, M288, L289, I314, L316, A318, I319, F334, F345, I349, I358, F359, V367, L370, I372, I374, A375,





A385, L386, I387, L394, V398, Y406, L409, L413, A416, F430, L434, L446, I449, F457, A461, L467, A472, Y473, A476,





Y477, F480, L483, L497, A526


730
Protein Dok-7
Q18PE1
V7


731
Spike glycoprotein
Q1HLC5
Y60, M70, L78, F83, F91, F96, A97, V99, F114, A116, I117, I119, F123, V130, V131, L147, I149, V151, C152, M156,





C157, H161, I163, L200, H203, F204, F211, A213, F224, Y238, V239, L240, L242, C244, Y252, Y262, L264, C278, A520


732
Lipoprotein, Lp
Q1HP67
W1640, C1665, C1676


733
Endogenous retrovirus group
Q1PHM6
A54, F92, M94, M99, M103, I107, V119, V126, M145, L156, A220, I221, C235, V266, I281, L284, V288, I321, C326, I328,



K member 113 Env

L337, V340, V341, I353, Y378, C379, F385, C417, I422, I423, V429, A432, M433, L452, L453, I469, F470, W481, L485,



polyprotein

V491, I493, V507, I550, V551, L557, L558, A560, I561, A563, M567, L568, V572, I575, L578, V582, I637, I644


734
CTLA-4 protein
Q28090
A52, V67, V71, C101, V110, C127, V129, I147


735
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
Q289M7
V7, I20, C21, I22, A26, V33, V36, V43, L49, L50, L58, C59, L61, L67, L69, C72, V74, A75, W77, I78, L79, C84, L87,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

W93, Y95, I96, V97, Y108, L118, L122, V125, F128, F134, A150, C152, H154, L164, L165, L167, L173, L177, V189,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

L190, V191, L192, W193, V195, H196, H197, Y208, Y214, V215, V217, V218, I243, Y245, Y246, L249, L250, I256,



chain]/strain A/New

F258, A260, L264, I265, A266, Y269, A270, F271, A272, L273, F277, I281, I282, C291, C295, A301, I302, H312,



Zealand: South

M330, V331, A348, Y365, A387, I388, L461, L469, H485, C487, C491



Canterbury/35/2000 H1N1


736
HLA class II
Q29974
F36, L37, F46, F47, V53, F55, L56, Y59, V67, F69, Y76, W90, L97, A103, C108, V120, V128, L138, L143, L144, V145,



histocompatibility antigen,

C146, V148, F151, W160, M171, L190, V199, Y200, C202, V204



DRB1-16 beta chain


737
MHC class I polypeptide-
Q29980
L28, L32, V34, F45, L51, F56, L57, Y59, A66, A73, L96, L100, L113, C119, F133, F140, L141, L145, A158, A162, V165,



related sequence B

L191, Y194, V223, C225, A227, F230, W239, V268, I272, C282


738
MHC class I polypeptide-
Q29983
L28, V34, V49, L51, F56, C59, C64, A73, L96, L100, L113, C119, F133, F140, L141, A162, V165, L191, I221, V223,



related sequence A

C225, A227, F230, W239, V268, I272, C282


739
Kinesin-like protein KIF7
Q2M1P5
V18, A19, L20, V47, L49, V70, Y71, V75, A88, V90, F91, A92, M104, I119, V120, A123, V143, Y145, L146, V148, F153,





L156, V192, V220, F221, V223, L225, F248, F250, V251, A281, L282, V285, I286, A288, I306, I309, L310, L314,





A318, M322, I323, A324, C325, V326, L340, A343


740
Endogenous retrovirus group
Q2N0S5
A54, A69, M94, M99, V100, M103, L121, L124, L128, L145, C148, M152, F167, L192, A203, C217, A218, A223, I224,



K member 24 Env

L225, C238, V241, L258, V269, F287, V291, I293, F314, A316, I324, C329, V331, L340, V343, V344, L347, I357,



polyprotein

F381, C383, F389, L413, C415, I420, I421, I427, A430, M431, Y432, A433, I446, L449, I450, L451, F465, W476,





L480, V486, I488, V502, I545, V546, L552, L553, A555, I556, A558, L562, L563, V567, I570, L573, V577, I632, I639


741
Endogenous retrovirus group
Q2N0S6
W44, F52, C53, A54, W68, A69, F92, M94, W95, M99, V100, M103, L110, C118, V119, L121, L124, C125, L128, C130,



K member 8 Env

L145, C148, F150, M152, Y164, F167, L192, C195, I200, A203, C204, C217, A218, A223, I224, L225, C227, C238, V241,



polyprotein

I250, L258, V269, V285, F287, V291, I293, C295, F314, A316, I324, C329, V331, W336, L340, V343, V344, L347,





I357, F359, H372, C376, F381, Y382, C383, L388, F389, L413, C415, I417, I420, I421, I427, A430, M431, Y432, A433,





C442, I446, L449, L451, F465, W476, L480, Y483, V486, I488, A494, V502, I545, V546, L552, L553, A555, I556, A558,





L562, L563, V567, I570, L573, V577, I632, I639


742
HLA class II
Q30154
F36, L37, F46, F47, V53, F55, L56, L67, F69, Y76, W90, L97, A103, C108, V120, V128, L138, L143, L144, V145, C146,



histocompatibility antigen,

V148, F151, W160, V171, L190, V199, Y200, C202, V204



DR beta 5 chain


743
Hereditary hemochromatosis
Q30201
L30, Y32, A49, V53, F58, V59, Y61, L87, L91, I105, L118, L122, C124, H145, L146, A162, A176, L183, C187, L191,



protein

L223, C225, A227, Y230, W239, I268, V272, C282, V284


744
Genome polyprotein
Q32ZE1
I291, C293, V311, V313, V314, L315, C320, V321, V323, M324, A325, V331, I333, L335, V340, Y349, C350, Y351,



[Cleaved into: Protein

A370, V381, C395, L403, V404, C406, A407, F409, M415, I420, L425, Y427, I429, M430, L431, V433, V455, A464,



C/strain Mr 766 (ZIKV)

L466, L472, L474, C476, L482, Y488, Y489, L490, M492, H496, W497, V499, F504, H512, L528, V529, V541, L555,





H574, L575, C577, L579, M581, L584, C594, F598, V612, V614, V616, Y618, C625, I627, M631, A632, L644, I645,





I651, M660, L662, L664, I673, V674, I675, I811, V978, I1008, V1536, M1539, H1545, M1547, V1570, L1574, V1575,





Y1577, W1581, V1593, L1595, A1597, V1598, I1613, A1623, V1624, I1637, I1645, L1647, Y1648, V1653, V1660,





L1703, I1706, V1707, A1710, V1718, I1719, L1720, A1721, V1726, A1727, M1730, L1734, V1756, L1758, M1759,





H1761, F1764, Y1777, L1779, I1781, M1782, A1785, I1793, A1794, A1795, I1799, A1808, A1809, A1810, I1811,





F1812, M1813, V1850, V1858, W1859, F1860, V1861, I1870, A1871, C1873, L1874, A1877, I1882, L1884, F1889,





W1901, F1903, V1904, I1905, A1914, V1921, I1922, V1938, V1946, A1949, A1951, A1952, I1958, Y1969, M1970, A1976,





A1983, A1988, L1991, L1992, I1995, L1997, A2003, L2005, F2030, V2031, L2033, L2039, W2042, L2043, A2044, V2047,





A2048, W2059, C2060, I2069, V2078, L2088, A2095, F2107, F2110, A2111, W2528, Y2543, I2548, V2551, A2556,





A2559, L2560, A2570, V2571, A2576, I2578, L2581, L2587, V2593, V2594, L2596, C2598, A2607, A2608, V2613,





V2616, Y2619, V2648, C2656, L2659, L2660, C2661, V2672, L2678, V2680, L2681, V2684, W2687, L2688, F2695,





C2696, I2697, V2699, L2700, C2701, Y2703, M2707, M2711, L2714, L2722, V2725, H2733, M2735, Y2736, W2737,





V2738, I2745, V2749, L2755, L2756, I2794, I2801, V2842, L2845, W2849, V2880, V2890, M2891, L2898, I2929, A2939,





A2942, F2948, C2964, C2967, V2968, Y2969, M2994, L2996, A2998, L3001, A3005, F3008, L3009, W3014, M3015,





V3024, L3032, Y3034, L3036, M3039, A3042, M3047, I3059, A3082, V3085, Y3090, V3094, V3095, V3097, V3107,





I3110, I3111, V3123, A3126, L3127, F3130, L3133, V3134, V3135, L3137, I3138, M3141, M3149, L3152, V3161,





L3165, L3173, M3176, A3177, V3178, V3184, V3185, F3192, A3195, L3196, F3198, L3199, M3202, V3224, F3226,





F3231, I3242, V3243, V3244, C3246, I3253, A3256, A3262, A3270, A3273, A3277, W3280, L3282, F3285, H3286,





L3290, M3293, A3294, A3296, I3297, A3300, V3301, V3303, H3316, L3328, W3331, V3334, W3335, H3341, I3354,





L3357, A3378, I3381, V3385, I3391, M3399, L3402


745
N-acetylglucosamine-1-
Q3T906
L139, L154, F161, V191, A228, L230, L243, L251, A267, L269, L271, A300



phosphotransferase subunits



alpha/beta (EC 2.7.8.17)


746
Integrin beta-2-like protein
Q3UV74
V127, L129, Y130, F131, L132, M133, V146, L149, L153, L154, L157, I166, F168, I171, F176, F189, L193, L209, A211,





V212, V213, V215, A216, I222, L231, V232, L233, Y265, L279, I291, F292, V293, V294, Y302, I309, V324, I328


747
Tyrosine-protein kinase (EC
Q3ZC95
F10, L11, F30, L31, L32, L37, I61, C63, V64, V67, F98, F102, V104, Y112, V113, F114, W124, L128, A384, V427, I429,



2.7.10.2)

I432, F442, A446, M450, L457, V463, C464, I470, I473, L482, L486, L498, L499, C502, V505, C506, A508, M509,





L512, H519, L522, A523, A524, C527, V529, V535, V537, Y545, V561, V568, I580, W581, F583, V585, L586, M587,





I590, Y591, I610, L616, A622, V626, I629, M630, C633, W634, F644, L647, I651, V654


748
Envelope glycoprotein
Q3ZLH8
A54, H65, A69, V94, V100, M103, V119, I150, L189, C214, A220, I221, C224, C235, V238, I247, L255, I266, I280,



gp160

I281, V282, L284, V288, I290, A293, I321, C326, V328, W333, L337, V340, A341, I342, L344, I352, I353, F354, H367,





C371, F376, C378, L383, F384, L407, C409, I411, I414, I415, V421, A424, M425, I440, L444, L445, F462, W473, L477,





V483, I485, V499, I542, V543, L549, L550, A552, I553, A555, L559, L560, V564, I567, L570, V574, I629, I636


749
Cytotoxin L
Q46342
L9, V13, Y24, I27, L31, Y46, L49, I52, Y59, L72, F75, L79, V83, L98, H99, F100, Y114, W118, V129, A135, L137, I138,





L141, I145, A149, F171, M176, I179, F186, I206, L210, L254, L259, V260, A267, A268, I274, L277, V283, Y284, L285,





I289, L290, L317, A319, I320, F335, F346, I359, F360, L363, V368, L371, V373, I375, A376, A386, L387, I388, C395,





V399, I403, Y407, L410, F431, I450, L454, F458, L468, V473, Y474, A477, Y478, L481, F501, A527


750
Envelope glycoprotein
Q49DS8
I13, V15, L17, V21, I23, I53, C58, I60, L69, V72, A74, L76, I84, V85, H99, F108, C110, L115, F116, I127, L129, C131,





I136, I137, V143, A146, M147, I162, L165, L166, L167, F181, W192, L196, V202, I204


751
Cell adhesion molecule-
Q4KMG0
V737, V739, W741, F754, V756, V782, Y791, F793, V795, A797, V815, I832, I843, L845, F862, I864, I891, Y900, I902,



related/down-regulated by

M904, C906



oncogenes


752
Cordon-bleu protein-like 1
Q53SF7
V187, I189, L207, L210, I214, C215, L227, L228, L251, A253


753
Receptor protein-tyrosine
Q59FL8
I611, V613, I615, A634, M637, V640, V645, C646, I651, L659, I660, L669, V673, L685, L686, W688, C689, I692, A693,



kinase (EC 2.7.10.1)

L699, V705, H706, L709, A710, A711, V714, V716, V722, I724, F727, A753, V768, Y771, V773, V775, L778, I794,





L798, L804, V814, M818, C821, W822, F832, L835, F839, M842, L850


754
Integrin beta
Q59H50
C81, C88, C91, C107, L113


755
Filaggrin-2
Q5D862
L33


756
Guanine nucleotide-binding
Q5JWF2
L686, L687, L688, L689, I699, M703, I738, L742, A745, I746, I749, L756, I774, F789, A793, L796, V802, C805, C817,



protein G

A818, F821, I825, I828, F862, M864, V867, A886, I887, F889, V890, V891, Y896, F916, L925, V930, I931, L932, L934,





L939, L940, V944, A980, I984, F988, A994, I1015, C1022, I1026, H1030


757
MAGUK p55 subfamily
Q5T2T1
A73, L96, L108, V164, A173, L185, V188, I201, I212, F214



member 7


758
Dyslexia-associated protein
Q5VV43
L354, A356, W372, L393, L395, Y403, F405, V407, V409, V422, V424, A629, L644, W660, A679, V681, L684, F691,



KIAA0319

L693, V695, V709


759
Disabled homolog 2-
Q5VWQ8
L653



interacting protein


760
Renalase (EC 1.6.3.5)
Q5VYX0
L5, I6, A9, L15, C16, A17, A31, V32, W33, A56, L58, L80, V106, A107, I111, I114, I115, I135, W142, V144, F154, I157,





V158, L159, V163, I166, I173, L185, Y194, A195, L198, F199, I221, V224, V243, V262, V266, F311, L312, A313,





C314, F319, I328, A331, V334


761
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
Q67333
I7, I18, C19, I20, Y22, A24, V31, I34, V41, I47, L48, L56, C57, L59, L65, L67, C70, I72, A73, W75, L76, L77, C82, L85,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

W91, Y93, I94, M95, Y106, L116, L119, L120, V123, F126, L132, A148, C149, V151, M161, V162, W163, L164, A174,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

M186, L187, I188, I189, W190, V192, H193, H194, Y205, Y211, V212, V214, L219, L236, M240, F242, L246, L247,



chain]/strain

I253, F255, L261, I262, A263, Y266, F268, I270, I278, M279, C288, C292, A298, I299, H306, H309, I313, V320, L325,



A/Singapore/1/1957 H2N2

L327, A328, L331, A345, M357, Y362, A384, F385, A436, L448, H451, V455, L458, V462, L466, C477, H482, C484,





C488, M489


762
Envelope glycoprotein
Q69994
A52, H63, A67, M92, M97, V98, M101, W109, V117, V124, I172, Y239, C240, A246, I247, C250, C261, V264, I273,



gp160

L281, L282, V292, I306, I307, I308, L310, V314, I316, C318, I346, C351, I353, W358, L362, I365, V366, A367, L369,





I378, V379, F380, H393, F395, F402, C404, L409, F410, L430, C432, I434, I437, I438, V444, A447, M448, I463, L466,





L467, L468, I483, F484, W495, L499, V505, I507, V521, I565, V566, L572, L573, A575, I576, A578, L582, L583, V587,





I590, L593, V597, I652, I659


763
Hemagglutinin/A/Viet
Q6DQ33
F8, I19, C20, I21, A25, V32, I35, V42, I48, L49, L57, C58, L60, L66, L68, C71, V73, A74, W76, L77, L78, C83, F86, W92,



Nam/1203/2004(H5N1)

Y94, I95, V96, A99, C106, Y107, L117, L120, L121, I124, F127, I133, A150, C151, Y153, V163, V164, W165, L166,





I167, I176, L188, L189, V190, L191, W192, I194, H195, H196, A201, Y207, Y213, I214, V216, L221, M242, F244, F245,





I248, L249, I255, F257, F263, I264, A265, Y268, A269, Y270, I272, I280, M281, C290, C294, A300, I301, H308, H311,





I315, V322, L327, L329, A330, A351, M363, Y368, A390, I391, A442, L454, V461, L464, V468, L472, C483, H488,





C490, C494, M495, A512


764
Tau-tubulin kinase 2 (EC
Q6IQ55
V17, V23, Y36, A38, V47, L49, V51, V67, L68, L71, C78, V92, V93, L101, L119, L121, I125, L126, I129, I132, H139,



2.7.11.1)

F147, C159, M161, L209, L212, F213, Y214, M215, L216, F219, W226, V235, F255, F258, I262, L276, V279, F280,





I284


765
Growth/differentiation factor
Q6KF10
F363, C387, A401, I430, C452, C454



6


766
Iodotyrosine deiodinase 1
Q6PHW0
I116, A123, I149, I181, A188, I190, L191, I192, L193, I194, F195


767
Spike glycoprotein/HCoV-
Q6Q1S2
I485, F487, A489, A491, L509, W541, C577, F579, L581, A583, L596, V598



NL63


768
Nucleoprotein/strain
Q6TXC0
V33, I36, F39, M43, L56, I57, I63, M66, V67, L68, A70, I96, I116, I119, W120, M136, M137, W139, A153, L154, M163,



A/Equine/Santiago/1/1985H3N8

M189, V190, L193, I194, I197, I201, Y219, C223, L226, F230, A234, M238, M239, V242, L256, L259, A263, I265,





L266, C275, L276, A278, Y281, F291, Y296, L307, I312, L315, L328, V329, W330, M331, A332, C333, H334, A336,





A337, L341, I347, V352, V363, M371, L381, A387, A427, A428, I444, Y487


769
Hemagglutinin/
Q6VMK1
V58, I66, C67, L76, C79, L81, L82, I85, C91, A99, L101, I102, I103, C112, L123, L127, I133, I145, C154, Y162, M165,



A/Netherlands/219/2003

L168, Y184, A192, L193, I194, I195, W196, I198, H199, Y211, I218, V220, I246, F248, L253, V259, F261, F263, A266,



(H7N7)

F267, I268, A269, P270, A273, F275, L276, I283, C293, C297, Y298, A353, Y370, A392, L466, L474, H490, C492, C496,





A514


770
Neuraminidase (EC
Q6XV28
L87, V94, A105, I106, I114, V116, Y121, L122, C124, M131, F132, A133, L134, A145, L158, I159, W161, C176, I177,



3.2.1.18)/strain

C184, M191, I193, C194, M195, A202, A204, V205, V206, Y208, A220, L224, C231, V232, C233, V240, V241, M242,



A/Budgerigar/Hokkaido/1/1977

I255, I256, Y257, F258, I276, C279, C281, Y282, V285, I288, C290, I291, C292, A299, V303, I304, I306, Y317, L318,



H4N6

C319, V322, L323, V350, F353, A354, F355, W362, L363, Y375, M377, L378, V380, A383, I397, I398, A409, F410, I411,





F420, F424, Y425, V426, L428, V438, I445, V446, A447, L448, A464, I466


771
Tubulin alpha-1A chain
Q71U36
C4, I5, I7, H8, V9, V14, I16, C20, W21, L23, Y24, C25, H28, I30, F52, F53, V62, A65, V66, F67, V68, L70, V74, I75, V78,





L86, I93, A99, A100, Y103, A104, I115, V118, L119, I122, L125, F135, L136, V137, F138, H139, L153, M154, L157,





L167, F169, Y172, A174, Y185, I188, L189, L195, C200, A201, F202, M203, V204, A208, I209, I212, C213, L227, L230,





I231, I234, V235, I238, A240, L242, V250, L252, F255, L259, V260, I265, H266, F267, L269, A270, A273, V288, I291,





C295, M302, V303, C305, Y312, M313, C315, C316, L317, L318, Y319, V323, V328, A331, I335, V344, I355, V363,





A369, A374, V375, C376, M377, L378, A383, I384, A387, W388, L391, F395, Y399, Y408, F418, A421, M425, L428,





Y432


772
Endogenous retrovirus group
Q75760
A54, A69, M94, M99, V100, M103, I107, V119, L121, V126, I151, C154, A171, L190, A221, I222, C225, C236, L256,



K member 9 Env

L257, V267, I281, I282, V283, L285, V289, I291, C293, F312, I322, A325, C327, I329, W334, L338, I341, V342, I343,



polyprotein

L345, I354, V355, F356, H369, F371, C373, F378, C380, L385, F386, L407, C409, I411, I414, I415, V421, A424, M425,





I440, L443, L444, L445, I458, F459, W470, L474, Y477, V480, I482, V496, I539, V540, L546, L547, A549, I550, A552,





M556, L557, V561, I564, L567, V571, I626, I633


773
Rho-related GTP-binding
Q7L0Q8
V50, C52, V53, L54, V55, V60, L65, V66, Y74, A82, V90, V92, V97, L99, L101, A105, Y118, I123, F124, L125, L126,



protein RhoU

C127, F128, V130, F136, V139, W143, V144, I147, C151, I156, I157, L158, V159, L175, V183, A188, L190, C191,





A192, I195, C203, L211, V214, F215, A217, A218, I219


774
Ribonucleoside-diphosphate
Q7LG56
L34, I52, A66, W78, F88, I89, I92, L93, A94, F95, F96, F111, V115, V117, A120, F123, Y124, H134, M137, L141, I142,



reductase subunit M2 B (EC

Y145, I146, A158, I159, Y164, A169, W171, V187, V188, A189, A191, A192, V196, F197, F198, A203, A204, I205,



1.17.4.1)

L208, L213, M214, L217, I224, F234, A235, C236, M238, F239, V251, I254, I255, A258, V259, F265, L266, A269, L270,





V272, L274, I275, M282, I286, A290, L294, F303


775
Ankyrin repeat and sterile
Q7Z6G8
V815, W818, L819, L831, F836, M842, M847, L852, I857, I866, A869, I870, V889, L893, F905, I933, I939, A1064,



alpha motif domain-

F1065, A1084, C1085, I1105, L1107, V1109, V1114, I1130, I1133, F1146, A1147, Y1148, I1149, C1160, V1162,



containing protein 1B

F1163, A1171, I1174, L1178, A1181


776
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase
Q7Z6Z7
A1335, A1338, A1348, L1352, F4001, V4019, V4021, V4026, F4027, L4034, M4042, W4065, Y4066, I4069, M4073,



HUWE1 (EC 6.3.2.—)

L4080, I4093, F4107, F4109, V4110, I4113, V4114, A4115, A4117, L4124, C4126, F4128, F4132, Y4133, I4136,





M4146, F4174, V4207, V4210, C4211, M4215, F4226, F4230, I4234, L4238, I4239, I4241, L4247, I4251, I4278, F4281,





A4284, L4285, A4294, V4300, F4311, F4323, I4325, C4341, L4345, L4347, Y4350, L4356, L4360, A4363, I4364


777
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
Q82559
A26, L28, C29, L30, A34, V41, V51, L57, V58, I66, C67, V73, C79, L81, I82, M85, L86, C91, F94, L101, F102, I103, F109,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

C112, Y113, Y115, Y120, A121, L123, V127, A128, L133, F140, A153, C154, F162, F163, L166, L169, L179, Y193,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

W195, I197, H198, H199, Y210, V217, V219, I245, I247, Y248, I251, V252, I257, L258, I260, L266, V267, A268, F273,



chain]/strain

I289, C296, I297, I303, I324, L331, A332, A349, W358, Y366, A388, A440, L462, L470, C481, F482, I484, H486, C488,



A/Equine/Kentucky/1/1981

C492, I493, I496, A510


778
Fusion glycoprotein F0
Q84850
I233, F237, V247, M251, L257, I261, M274, V281, F342, V349, C382, A412, V414, C416, C422, A424, V450


779
Regulating synaptic
Q86UR5
V600, L602, A614, L616, L618, A633, I635, A644, L650, V656, W659, L664, V672, I676, V685, I687, V689, L746,



membrane exocytosis

V748, L750, L759, V761, V763, A766, V782, M784, V818, F823, L828, I830, V832, L846, I849, L853



protein 1


780
Fermitin family homolog 3
Q86UX7
L73, L74, I358, V378, F380, L404, I422, V426, L437, C439, A446, W448, M449, A450, C452, L454, A455


781
Transmembrane protease
Q8IU80
I504



serine 6 (EC 3.4.21.—)


782
Sodium channel subunit
Q8IWT1
L51, C53, L64, W68, L79, I80, V84, I101, I114, I116, L118, L121, C131, V133, L149



beta-4


783
Interferon lambda-3
Q8IZI9
L27, L45, A59, L65, L75, L82, L85, A93, L94, A96, L98, L102, L126, C136, A161, C169, V174, L181


784
Interferon lambda-2
Q8IZJ0
L31, L49, A63, L69, L89, A100, L106, C140


785
Abl interactor 1
Q8IZP0
V451, A453, L465, I473, V475, I476, C488, F495


786
Kin of IRRE-like protein 3
Q8IZU9
I438, C440, I442, A452, W453, L483, I485, I488, Y497, C499, A501, L514


787
Envelope glycoprotein
Q8J581
C50, A51, H62, A66, M91, M96, V97, M100, I104, L107, V116, L143, I210, Y212, C213, A219, I220, C223, C234, V237,



gp160

I246, L254, I265, I267, I279, I280, V281, L283, V287, I289, C291, I320, A323, C325, V327, W332, L336, V339, A340,





L343, I351, I352, H366, F375, C377, F383, L408, C410, I412, I415, I416, A422, A425, M426, I441, L444, L445, L446,





F460, W471, L475, Y478, V481, I483, V497, I540, V541, L547, L548, A550, I551, A553, L557, L558, V562, I565, L568,





V572, I627, I634


788
Endogenous retrovirus group
Q8JDI3
A54, H65, A69, F92, M94, M99, V100, M103, I107, L110, V126, I145, M152, V173, I175, L189, F206, I211, Y213, C214,



K member 21 Env

A220, I221, C235, V238, I247, L255, V266, I280, I281, V282, L284, V288, I290, I321, C326, V328, L337, V340, V341,



polyprotein

L344, I352, F354, H367, F369, C371, F376, C378, F384, L405, C407, I409, I412, I413, V419, A422, M423, I438, L441,





I442, L443, F457, M464, W468, L472, Y475, V478, I480, V494, I537, V538, L544, L545, A547, I548, A550, L554, L555,





V559, I562, L565, V569, I624, I631


789
Neuroligin-4, X-linked
Q8N0W4
I55, V70, Y73, V76, Y78, F88, V109, C110, L132, C146, L147, L149, I151, V153, V168, M169, V170, I172, H173, L190,





A191, V196, I197, V198, I199, I201, Y203, I207, F210, L211, A218, L224, I228, A230, L231, W233, I234, V238, V248,





I250, F251, A257, C259, V260, L262, L263, A276, I277, I278, A288, I299, L300, A301, V304, C306, V315, L318, L326,





I338, I349, Y365, I367, M368, L369, V380, V390, V399, F402, V403, L416, I420, L440, L443, V450, A457, H460,





Y470, A471, F472, A488, V493, Y495, V496, F497, F508, L519, V523, M524, Y526, W527, F530, A531, A558, L570,





I572, A584, F589, I603


790
Jouberin
Q8N157
V1057, A1058, I1072, I1078, V1080, F1101


791
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
Q8N1C3
I436



receptor subunit gamma-1


792
TGF-beta-activated kinase 1
Q8N5C8
L13, L16, V27, V28, M32, C42



and MAP3K7-binding



protein 3


793
Inactive dipeptidyl peptidase
Q8N608
L69, V94, V95, L117, V139, A142, A155, V158, L180, A183, L192, I193, Y194, I195, I200, L230, Y231, L235, A241,



10

L251, A252, L254, I256, I266, Y280, L294, Y295, V296, V297, L299, L306, Y320, I321, V324, V333, V334, W336,





L337, I345, C349, F385, V388, H400, V401, A402, V425, I438, F440, L452, C475, F489, L490, C493, L503, L545, L547,





L549, A562, L563, L564, L565, V576, L588, V594, I595, V596, A597, L609, I615, V622, V631, I647, Y655, A657, F668,





C670, A675, L680, A684, A686, F687, L692, V711, I721, H723, V730, F732, H734, L742, I773, F777, L781


794
Proprotein convertase
Q8NBP7
V80, L82, A95, L98, A102, F122, V124, L130, A134, V140, I143, F150, I161, V180, V182, Y183, L184, L185, H193, I196,



subtilisin/kexin type 9 (EC

H229, L230, A231, V233, V234, A242, A245, M247, L250, V252, I271, L283, V284, V285, L286, L287, C301, L304,



3.4.21.—)

V309, V310, L311, V312, A314, A315, A322, A328, A330, V333, I334, V336, A338, V346, V359, L361, F362, A363,





I368, A371, A388, A389, A390, H391, V392, A393, I395, A396, A397, M399, L400, A409, L411, L415, I424, F429,





V441, A442, A473, A475, L484, C486, F489, C509, A511, V520, A522, I523, A524, C526, C527, A542, C588, A594,





I596, H597, A598, C600, C601, A603, L606, V622, A625, L632, C654, V656, V672, A674, A676, C678, C679


795
Cytoplasmic dynein 2 heavy
Q8NCM8
L1352, F1356, F1368, C1411, L1419, L1438, M1476, V1484, V1496, L1511, L1515, W1626, C1640, M1644, Y1655,



chain 1

C1671, L1675, A1678, V1699, A1736, V1750, L1751, A1753, V1754, A1764, F1788, V1815, A1826, V1872, A1901,





L1943, A1962, V1975, V1976, I1977, V1978, W1989, L1992, A1995, M2008, I2053, V2069, F2094, A2105, I2113,





C2182, L2200, F2208, F2254, F2275, W2278, L2279, L2301, A2304, L2354, V2355, L2374, A2376, V2395, V2403,





L2427, V2474, V2476, V2480, L2524, I2526, A2531, F2548, F2572, L2634, I2640, F2646, L2651, L2653, A2654,





V2668, A2701, V2708, L2712, F2722, L2751, H2777, L2780, C2803, V2805, M2808, I2819, C2862, Y2872, F2875,





A3208, A3209, A3317, V3318, L3324, V3332, V3353, I3360, A3383, V3390, L3403, A3496, L3509, A3522, F3571, A3572,





F3575, W3648, Y3651, C3657, A3694, L3724, L3740, A3754, M3755, A3771, W3776, L3777, A3811, L3822, A3861,





A3868, F3870, H3871, A3872, C3874, Y3927, I3931, L3944, L4021, L4040, V4090, Y4140, L4141, L4144, I4151,





A4202, I4217, C4225, C4248, A4301


796
Semaphorin-6D
Q8NFY4
L150, A179, Y199, I211, Y252, A256, V269, F292, L297, A407, V417, L465, C521


797
Protein CASC5
Q8NG31
F2149, Y2151, I2154, L2156, I2158, L2197, I2202, V2233, C2236, L2239, I2243, L2265, L2267, F2269, F2278,





I2280, L2282, I2309, Y2322, V2326, V2327, I2330


798
Envelope glycoprotein
Q8Q7Z9
M23, I24, I30, L69, A100, I101, C115, V118, V131, L135, L136, V146, I160, I161, V162, L164, V168, I170, C172,





A192, F193, I196, M202, H206


799
CTLA4
Q8TDA6
A54, C58, Y60, V69, V71, V73, C85, L95, V112, I116, C129, V131, I149


800
2-amino-3-
Q8TDX5
I5, H6, H8, I9, L10, L17, A37, L39, C53, M63, A72, L73, M79, F80, Y82, L92, C93, L96, L100, F111, L114, L117, M119,



carboxymuconate-6-

A125, M129, C132, V141, I143, V147, L152, L157, V160, Y161, A163, A164, C169, L171, F172, V173, A202, I203,



semialdehyde decarboxylase

M206, I207, V211, V220, C221, F222, A223, F229, F262, L274, L277, V286, I287, I305, M308, L319, A321, A324, F327



(EC 4.1.1.45)


801
Partitioning defective 3
Q8TEW8
I12, L434, I499, L509, I527, I533, L550, V553, L558, A566, I584



homolog B


802
Protein Shroom3
Q8TF72
A30, L32, A63, L70, V76, I79, A91, L102, L104, V106


803
Intelectin-1
Q8WWA0
C41, C48, L58, C70, L81, V82, A83, V85, C94, W100, A129, Y139, L147, I149, H151, V152, W161, L167, L176, L183,





I186, Y187, W200, V236, F238, V240, F241, A246, A247, A249, L250, C251, M254, H264, C265, F272, C280, F283,





F286, I303, A306, A307, L309, L310, F311, Y312


804
Palladin
Q8WX93
F1020, C1022, V1024, I1032, W1034, C1058, L1060, Y1073, I1075, A1077, L1090, C1152, M1154, C1156, V1158,





L1193, I1195, V1198, Y1206, C1208, A1210, L1253, C1255, W1267, I1291, L1293, I1295, A1298, Y1306, V1308,





A1310


805
Relaxin receptor 2
Q8WXD0
C52, L59


806
Nesprin-2
Q8WXH0
A191, V203, W210, A215, F216, A218, I219, I220, L242, A245, F246, A249, V264, I274, M275, Y277, V278, A279,





F281, L282


807
Mucin-16
Q8WXI7
L14325, F14327, I14329, L14332, I14353, L14357, L14360, V14389, C14393, A14399, I14407, F14411, L14421,





V14431


808
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
Q91MA7
A27, L29, C30, L31, A35, V42, V52, L58, V59, I67, C68, I74, C80, L82, I83, A85, L86, L87, C92, F95, L102, F103, V104,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

F110, C113, Y114, Y116, Y121, A122, L124, V128, A129, L134, F141, A154, C155, F163, F164, L167, L170, Y177, L180,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

L193, Y194, I195, W196, V198, H199, H200, Y211, V218, V220, I246, I248, Y249, I252, V253, V258, L259, I261,



chain]/strain A/Hong

L267, I268, A269, F274, I290, C297, I298, I304, V325, L332, A333, A350, W359, Y367, A389, A441, L463, L471,



Kong/1/1968 H3N2

C482, F483, I485, H487, C489, C493, I494, I497, A511


809
Alpha-N-acetylneuraminide
Q92185
W68, F78, C85, C86, F92, M105, Y107, I117, C138, A139, V140, V141, I146, L147, C152, I156, F161, V162, C165,



alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase

L167, V178, L184, V185, I191, I192, L199, F206, Y213, A222, F223, L233, V235, Y236, L239, A244, F262, W263,



(EC 2.4.99.8)

A270, L273, A282, A283, L284, L286, C287, V290, Y293, W296, F298, I307, Y311, Y312, L316, F321, A323, M324,





L334, L340, C347


810
Nicastrin
Q92542
C50, L53, L54, C62, I73, V85, M95, V96, L98, F103, M108, L111, L121, A122, V123, W164, L171, F176, F178, I180,





F181, L182, L183, V191, I192, L212, C213, A214, M215, L217, C230, C248, L251, V256, W257, M259, V275, V276,





V277, A278, A279, L282, F288, A292, A295, A298, V299, A300, F302, V303, L306, A307, A308, A309, A311, L312,





A315, V325, M326, F327, V328, F329, F330, F335, Y337, I338, M347, V354, F362, L365, V368, L376, M378, V394,





L397, L401, F430, V439, L441, A442, L471, A484, L487, A488, V490, A491, V493, L494, L498, Y499, L501, A502,





V511, A513, V518, L521, L522, F525, A529, F534, L538, H553, I555, V566, V567, A570, L571, V605, C620, A628,





A630, A634, A658, I660


811
Protein NDRG1
Q92597
Y73, C92, A119, I145, W183, H214, L284


812
Nectin-2
Q92692
L52, C54, V68, W70, A83, F85, L103, L127, Y138, F142, L156, V180, A181, C183, V236, C238, V240, L255, V257,





V263, W272, L314, C329, V331


813
Ryanodine receptor 2
Q92736
L14, V20, V21, L22, C24, A26, L35, C36, L37, A38, A39, I64, C65, F67, L69, L78, L113, Y115, A118, I119, L121, H123,





L130, C131, A144, V147, L149, C158, W160, I162, V175, L181, L183, L192, V203, A205, A206, W212, V214, L228,





L234, L236, H238, C244, L245, V247, V260, Y262, V267, A271, L274, W275, L277, I289, F295, L297, H299, V300,





Y305, L306, L315, L316, A322, F329, F331, I354, C361, I363, L372, A391, I403, L405, A416, V418, I419, F426, F429,





L447, V452, L456, L459, I460, F463, L482, L488, F489, M494, V498, C501, I502, L505, F514, A518, I529, L530, L533,





L536, A539, L540, W697, A698, V718, C757, I766, V791, V792, A886, F921, V996, A1000, H1004, L1050, V1054, V1115,





W1117, L1128, A1134, A1136, F1137, V1162, C1164, V1166, M1173, F1175, F1195, V1204, V1443, W1445, I1446,





L1459, V1465, V1467, L1469, I1507, L1518, F1520, A1542, F2720, A2725, H2727, H2729, L2779, M2782, M2828,





M2840, M2844, A2845, A2889, I2892, L2893, L2896


814
Serine protease HTRA1 (EC
Q92743
C53, C76, L132, L150, V175, I179, A182, V183, V184, H185, I186, L188, F207, I208, I215, V216, A219, V221, V222,



3.4.21.—)

V228, V230, A240, A249, I251, A252, I254, I256, V279, V280, A281, I282, V297, I317, A321, I323, L332, V333, V339,





I340, I342, F353, A354, I355, I360, F363, I383, A395, L398, A412, I414, A423, L428, V433, I434, I437, V448, I452,





L458, M460, V462, I471, V473


815
Secreted frizzled-related
Q92765
A63



protein 3


816
Ras-responsive element-
Q92766
C701, C792, C805, C1514



binding protein 1


817
Disks large homolog 3
Q92796
I132, L134, L141, A146, V154, I160, I162, A170, A171, V179, V183, L184, V186, V191, A199, A202, L203, A206,





V210, L212, V214, V227, L229, L236, I240, I255, I257, A265, A266, L278, V281, L286, A294, L298, V305, L307,





V309, A310, I387, L389, I409, F410, V411, A420, L426, I432, V435, A448, A451, V459, I461, A463


818
X-linked retinitis
Q92834
A13, V14, H46, A48, V49, V50, L56, M58, F59, L67, V81, V89, A92, H98, L100, V101, V108, A110, L119, I133, A153,



pigmentosa GTPase

A154, L155, L161, M163, W164, I172, H201, A203, F204, V205, L211, V213, F214, L222, L228, H254, V256, V257,



regulator

V263, F266, L274, L280, I289, H306, A308, L309, L315, M316, F319, C343, H360, M361, V362, V363, A365


819
Ectodysplasin-A
Q92838
L90, V251, L253, V262, L271, L293, V295, Y301, I303, V307, V309, Y311, I312, F314, A318, Y320, V322, I336, C346,



(Ectodermal dysplasia

I360, V362, I369, I371, M373, F380, A382



protein)


820
Canalicular multispecific
Q92887
A668, V669, L680, A683, M684, I1330, V1332, V1333, L1343, L1347, F1348



organic anion transporter 1


821
Tumor necrosis factor
Q92956
C53, C54, C57



receptor superfamily



member 14


822
Lipoma-preferred partner
Q93052
C444, L451, C476, I483, A494, F500, C524


823
Homogentisate 1,2-
Q93099
L61, Y62, W97, F112, V113, L119, C120, L131, A132, I133, I135, F136, L137, C138, C146, F147, F154, L155, I156,



dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.5)

V157, L163, I165, F169, M172, V174, I179, C180, V181, I182, M186, F188, I190, Y199, I200, L201, V203, F208, L221,





F227, V239, V245, I246, L253, A256, F263, V265, A267, W268, Y277, V300, L301, A303, A313, F315, I317, F342,





L345, A397, F398, F400, Y423


824
Interleukin-22 receptor
Q969J5
F41, L45, F61, V62, C118, L120, Y131, V135, F152, V176, L178, L183, V205, A241, I243



subunit alpha-2


825
SH3 domain-containing
Q96B97
A4, V6, L18, I20, I26, W37, F48, V53, C103, V105, L117, L119, I125, V127, L140, F147, I152, C272, V274, L286, I288,



kinase-binding protein 1

V294, W307, F318, V323


826
Interleukin-17 receptor A
Q96F46
L48, V93, A94, I96, W98, A112, L114, F129, L135, F144, F149, V150, V151, Y157, V159, V161, H163, V182, M190,





C196, L217, V219, F221, Y230, I232, L234, V281, I283, F287


827
Leucine-rich repeat and
Q96FE5
V55, C57, L76, L78, I83, L86, F91, L97, L100, L102, V107, A114, F115, L118, L121, L124, L131, V138, L142, L145,



immunoglobulin-like

L148, I150, L158, F163, L166, L169, L172, V174, L179, A186, F187, L190, L193, L196, L198, C201, A210, L211, L214,



domain-containing nogo

L217, L220, L222, I230, L241, L244, I246, W249, L252, C259, L260, L265, L268, I270, A282, L286, L289, I299, L310,



receptor-interacting protein

L313, L318, L323, A330, F331, L334, L340, V342, L347, L350, V354, L361, L364, L366, L371, L377, V380, F381,



1

L387, F389, C396, V402, F407, A424, F444, C446, W458, L482, V484, A487, Y495, C497, A499, A510, L512


828
PDZ and LIM domain
Q96HC4
L8, W14, L28, I30, A39, V49, V50, I53, A58, M61, A66, I70, L77, M79, L81, C420, I427, L432, C446, M453, F458,



protein 5

V459, C467


829
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase
Q96J02
L20, I22, V24, V43, V45, V47, V71, V73, L79, F81, V83, L95, I102, L106, L113, L122, L135, I137, L139, L328, L440,



Itchy homolog

F456, F496, F535, C539, I550, V552, F558, I565, L573, V579, I580, V592, W596, F597, L600, L611, F638, F640, I641,





F644, I645, A646, M647, A648, Y664, I667, L677, F705, A742, F757, F761, I764, L765, L770, F773, L778, L782, W793,





I809, F812, F815, V816, M825, L827, L828, V831, F842, F854, C855, I856, C871, L875, L877, L886, L890, A893, I894


830
Serine/threonine-protein
Q96J92
L210



kinase WNK4 (EC 2.7.11.1)


831
Roundabout homolog 3
Q96MS0
C143, I572, L574, I591, V616, F627, V629, A631


832
NACHT, LRR and PYD
Q96P20
L10, L14, F25, L29, L54, A55, M58, A67, W68, A69, M70, A71, I74, F75, A87



domains-containing protein



3


833
Interleukin-17F
Q96PD4
C102, C107, V129


834
SLIT and NTRK-like protein
Q96PX8
Y61, L63, L65, L70, L73, F78, L87, M89, L94, A101, F102, L105, V108, L111, I113, I118, F121, L129, L132, L135,



1

A137, L142, A149, F150, L153, L156, L159, L161, I166, V173, F174, L182, L184, L189, V197, L198, I201, I207, L208,





L209, W214, C216, L220, L223, A234, V239, C241, L247, L252, I387, I390, F395, L401, L404, L406, I411, F419, L422,





L425, L428, M430, L435, L438, F443, L446, L449, L452, V454, I459, I462, F467, M470, L473, L476, L478, L483, V490,





F491, L496, L499, L501, F506, V514, L515, I524, L526, W531, I537, F540, L556, F569


835
Membrane-associated
Q96QZ7
F318, Y377, L475, L496, I498, A507, M513, V518, I519, V520, V522, V527, L528, V535, V548, L550, L552, C553,



guanylate kinase, WW and

I646, I686, V689, V694, V702, V715, L717, V719, I842, L844, I865, I867, A876, L888, I889, V891, V896, V904, A911,



PDZ domain-containing

V917, L919, V921, V999, I1001, I1038, A1047, L1053, V1062, I1075, V1086, L1088, V1153, L1166, L1176, A1187,



protein 1

M1193, I1199, I1202, A1215, L1218, V1226, L1228, L1230


836
Envelope glycoprotein
Q993A8
A13, M38, V44, M47, I51, V63, V70, I97, L136, A167, I168, C182, V185, I194, L202, L203, V213, I227, I228, V229,



gp160

L231, V235, I237, C239, M269, C274, I276, W281, L285, I288, A289, L292, I302, I303, F304, H317, F319, C321, F326,





C328, L333, F334, L359, C361, I366, I367, V373, A376, M377, I392, L395, L396, L397, I410, F411, M418, W422, L426,





V432, I434, V448, I491, V492, L498, L499, A501, I502, A504, L508, L509, V513, I516, L519, I523, I578, I585


837
Neurogenic locus notch
Q99466
C472, C510, C548, C586, C965, L1638, H1639, A1641, A1642, A1650, L1671, H1672, A1674, V1675, A1679, V1682,



homolog protein 4

C1683, L1686, L1705, M1706, L1707, A1708, A1709, L1716, L1720, A1737, L1738, H1739, A1741, A1742, A1749,





A1750, L1753, L1771, F1772, L1773, A1774, A1775, V1782, A1783, L1786, V1806, A1807, L1815


838
Protein deglycase DJ-1
Q99497
A6, L7, V8, I9, L10, A11, A14, V25, M26, V33, A36, L58, A61, Y67, V69, V70, V71, L72, A79, L82, V88, L92, I102,





A103, A104, I105, A111, L112, L113, H115, I117, V123, M133, M134, I152, L153, F164, A165, I168, V169


839
Histone H2B type 1-N
Q99877
V42, V45, L46, A59, M63, V67, I70, F71, I74, A75, A78, A82, I90, I95, A98, V99, L103, A108, A111, A118


840
Myocilin (Myocilin 55 kDa
Q99972
V269, W270, W286, I288, V298, Y301, F307, H316, L318, A327, V329, L334, F336, V344, I345, Y347, L349, I360,



subunit) (Trabecular

A363, L381, V383, L388, V390, I391, I401, L403, L406, L411, V426, A429, F430, I431, I432, L436, V449, M476,



meshwork-induced

L486, W489, M494



glucocorticoid response



protein) [Cleaved into:



Myocilin, N-terminal



fragment (Myocilin 20 kDa



N-terminal fragment);



Myocilin, C-terminal



fragment (Myocilin 35 kDa



N-terminal fragment)]


841
Semaphorin-3C
Q99985
L305, L449, L472, I473, I491, L526


842
Sclerostin
Q9BQB4
C80, L146, C165


843
Programmed cell death
Q9BUL8
L22, A41, A46, A51, L81, F100, L103, A107, L110, L114, I117, F127, I134, L141, V145, V148, L160, F167, F174,



protein 10

V190, F191, A194, L197, I198, I204, L205, F208


844
Brother of CDO
Q9BWV1
V622, V624, W626, F639, V641, I668, Y677, F679, V681, A683, V701, I718, I729, L731, F748, I750, I777, Y786, I788,





M790, C792


845
Complement C1q tumor
Q9BXJ0
A108, L123, F125, F143, C145, Y151, F153, V155, V159, L164, L168, L199, V205, V207, F227



necrosis factor-related



protein 5


846
Periaxin
Q9BXM0
V44, A53


847
Complement factor H-
Q9BXR6
Y53, I70, C87, V110, I127, C129



related protein 5


848
Disintegrin and
Q9BZ11
L212, L214, Y215, I216, V217, A218, L237, V240, V244, L247, L248, I253, W263, L279, F282, L283, A298, L300,



metalloproteinase domain-

L301, V328, A339, A340, M343, A344, I347, L351, M373, L405, C433, C444, C457, C462, C488, C495



containing protein 33


849
NACHT, LRR and PYD
Q9C000
L13, L21, F24, L28, V53, A54, L57, A66, A70, W74, L82, V136, F365, F801, A824, V825, L828, L842, L844, C847, L849,



domains-containing protein

C854, L870, L872, L877, A882, C886, L899, C904, C910, C911, L918, L927, L929, V939, L942, C943, L946, L953,



1

L956, L958, M967, L971, L974, I983, L1379, V1382, L1389, I1390, V1393, V1396, V1399, L1400, L1403, L1408,





V1416, M1426, L1429, L1444, A1447, L1448, L1459


850
MCG4778
Q9D1H1
L75, F77, I79, L82, I88, I103, L107, L110, V140, C144, A150, I158, F162, L172, V182


851
Amyloid beta A4 precursor
Q9DBR4
V594, L611, A614, V630, M632, V639, V641, C654, V656, L659, F661, M662, V664, F671, A672, F673, I674, C684,



protein-binding family B

V686, F687, C689, A693, V696, V700, A703, N738



member 2


852
Sperm-egg fusion protein
Q9EQF4
M28, C47, W50, C55, C86, A93, C95, F96, C99, L103, V120, V123, L125, C126, C130, W133, C137, F169, F173, L179,



Juno

C180, I183, F188, C200, L201, V216


853
Fibroblast growth factor 23
Q9GZV9
H41, L42, L53, I55, A72, L73, I85, L94, C95, M96, C113, F115, V126, L135, V136, F157


854
ADP-ribosylation factor-like
Q9H0F7
V20, L21, C22, L23, I33, I34, F58, M70, A89, I90, F92, V93, I94, V104, L109, L112, I118, I125, L126, F127, F128,



protein 6

A129, V143, L149, C160


855
Magnesium transporter
Q9H0U3
L44, I54, M56, L64, V65, Y72, V74, I75, V76, M77, F78, C90, A93, F97, L100, A101, I114, F116, V119, V127, F128,



protein 1

F139, A163, I166, I170


856
ATP-binding cassette sub-
Q9H221
L195, L234, L264, A422, A546, A548, A549



family G member 8


857
ATP-binding cassette sub-
Q9H222
V72, I81, M82, C83, I84, L85, L95, L96, L139, L142, V144, L148, Y150, A155, V168, M172, I185, A204, M214, L215,



family G member 5

F216, L235, A239, I244, V245, I249, I263, A264, F273, M280, F284, F298, Y301, Y329, L371, V375, A415, L423,





F426, V427, M435, A438, F442, V448, Y458, M463, M464, A466, Y467, V471, A478, F482, C486, Y487, L490, L492,





A505, L506, A508, H510, L511, L518, L521, V530, V534, C571, I574, L575, V576, F580, C613, A616, L627, F642


858
Cadherin-23
Q9H251
I42, L55, F78, V87, L89, V103, F105, V107, V118, I120, V122, V154, V187, V189, V205, A207, L222, I224


859
DnaJ homolog subfamily C
Q9H3Z4
L16, Y17, L20, I31, A53, I60, A63, L67, I75, V95



member 5


860
SPARC-related modular
Q9H4F8
I416



calcium-binding protein 1


861
Anthrax toxin receptor 1
Q9H6X2
L45, Y46, F47, I48, L49, V55, I62, Y63, F65, V66, L69, L78, M80, F82, I83, V84, F85, L109, L113, M120, F124, A127,





I131, I145, I146, A147, L148, F159, A165, V175, C177, V178, V180, L188, I191, A192, L208


862
Pleckstrin homology
Q9HB21
L14, F30, L32, F39, F81, V82, M83, L92, W103, V106, L107, C198, L215, I220, I235, C246, L257, F258, I260, V269,



domain-containing family A

V284



member 1


863
Transient receptor potential
Q9HBA0
L487



cation channel subfamily V



member 4


864
Interleukin-21
Q9HBE4
L35, V39, L42, A56, C64, A68, F69, C71, F72, L77, I89, L96, F129, L130, F133, L136, L137, I141


865
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase
Q9HCE7
I15, L17, V19, A22, L25, L33, A38, I40, V42, L68, I76, I78, V80, I86, F94, I133, V135, F324



SMURF1


866
Roundabout homolog 2
Q9HCK4
C110, A435, L437, W451, L473, L478, Y486, C488, A490, A501, L503, V538, L540, I557, V582, F593, V595, A597,





V637, V652, V654, I665, Y668, V670, L699, I710, V712


867
Golgi-associated PDZ and
Q9HD26
L291, I313, I315, A324, L330, A335, I336, A338, V339, L344, A352, L356, I363, F365, V367



coiled-coil motif-containing



protein


868
Neurexin-3-beta
Q9HDB5
I96, L113, V115, F117, I125, L126, V127, I129, L139, L141, I143, I148, V150, F152, I159, I161, V168, V176, A185,





L187, V189, V194, L204, F207, I213, I215, F224, L228, L231, Y233, V238, L239, V255, V261


869
Neuraminidase (EC
Q9IGQ6
L85, I106, V114, V116, F121, I122, F132, F133, L134, L158, C161, A178, W179, A181, A183, C184, L191, I193, I195,



3.2.1.18)/strain A/Brevig

A202, V203, A204, L206, L224, A232, C233, V234, F239, I241, M242, A251, Y253, I255, I258, V263, H275, Y276, C279,



Mission/1/1918 H1N1

C281, Y282, V288, C290, V291, C292, V304, F306, L310, C318, V321, F322, F349, F351, Y353, V357, W358, I359,



(Influenza A virus (strain

F371, M373, I374, F387, I393, V394, F406, V407, M418, C421, F422, W423, V424, L426, W437, I443, F445



A/South Carolina/1/1918



H1N1))


870
Spike glycoprotein
Q9J3E7
L79, V87, F92, F100, I104, A106, V108, F123, I126, V127, I128, F132, V139, V140, I141, I148, V152, C153, C158,





C165, A201, F202, F206, F213, A215, F226, I232, V241, L242, F244, C246, Y258, V260, A482, Y891, V900, V906,





A994, A1053, L1067, I1113


871
Interleukin-23 subunit alpha
Q9NPF7
C33, L40, A44, L82, C89, L90, I93, H94, L97, Y100, F109, L124, L128, L131, L150, L169, V173, A176, V179, F180


872
SLAM family member 7
Q9NQ25
F39, I51, W53, L90, L95, L122, V124, Y125, L128, W164, L180, C195


873
Serine protease inhibitor
Q9NQ38
C30, F33, C44, C63, C66, C161, L173, C194, C197, C225, L237, C258, C261, C297, L309, C330, C333, C367, L379,



Kazal-type 5

C400, C403, C437, L449, C470, C473, C496, L508, C529, C532, C567, L579, C600, M602, C603, C632, L644, V653,





C665, M667, C668, C707, L719, C740, C743, C774, L786, C807, C810, C849, L861, C882, C885, C916, L928, C949,





C952, C1014, Y1021, L1027, C1028, I1040


874
Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal
Q9NQC7
V131, V133, V146, V165, L167, C193, V195, F196, V236, L238, V249, L255, V265, V267, C286, I295, A476, I488,



hydrolase CYLD (EC

A502, L504, A531, I594, L603, L607, F608, C609, L610, F611, A612, Y633, L640, V645, V654, I659, L662, L666, F685,



3.4.19.12)

L689, I693, L700, I717, I730, F745, L752, I754, M756, L775, I777, L780, C788, C802, F816, A863, V864, L865, C866,





A874, F875, V876, L886, F888, V906, C909, V912, A935, C945, Y947


875
Potassium voltage-gated
Q9NS40
I30, A32, C44, F48, C49, M51, V59, C64, C66, I82, A83, V96, Y98, I112, I127, A766, A781, L785, I790, I807, F808,



channel subfamily H

V825, A827, L833, V844



member 7


876
Septin-11
Q9NVA2
F42, I44, L45, C46, V47, L57, M58, V92, L94, L96, V99, Y114, I117, I121, F125, L129, A149, C150, L151, I154, M169,





L172, V176, I178, I179, I181, I182, A183, F196, I200, M228, F234, V237, A252, V262, F270, L273, M276, L285,





H293, Y294


877
Alpha-parvin
Q9NVD7
L268, V272, H275, L276, V283, L286, F290, L296, V297, L299, M300, V308, V327, A330, M334, L339, I349, L358,





V360, L361, L364


878
Sodium channel subunit
Q9NY72
L43, C45, V60, W62, V103, I105, V107, Y118, C120, V122



beta-3


879
Endoplasmic reticulum
Q9NZ08
F47, Y57, Y63, L65, I67, L71, F76, V82, I84, A86, I93, I94, L95, A105, L107, L115, L123, I131, A132, L133, L139, L140,



aminopeptidase 1 (EC

V141, Y145, V147, V148, I149, Y151, Y163, L177, A178, F182, A186, A187, A190, F191, C193, F194, A201, F203, I205,



3.4.11.—)

I207, F236, M242, Y245, L246, V247, A248, F249, I250, I251, V267, V269, A271, A279, Y281, A282, L283, A285,





A286, L289, L290, Y293, F297, L308, A309, A310, I311, F314, A318, M319, W322, L324, Y327, A331, L332, L333,





I347, V351, A352, L355, A356, H357, W359, F360, L363, M366, W369, L372, W373, L374, F378, A379, F381, M382,





V387, L394, V396, F405, A407, M408, A412, V419, V423, M432, V436, A442, C443, I444, L445, L448, F457, I461,





L465, L478, W479, M482, V517, M520, M521, W524, F530, L532, I533, I535, V542, M544, Y549, W563, V565, L567,





L582, F600, M604, Y607, Y608, I609, V610, L620, L624, V631, A637, L639, I640, A643, L646, I654, A657, L658,





L660, Y663, L664, V673, L680, M687, V695, F699, F702, L703, L731, L732, A735, C743, A747, V767, A770, V771,





A776, W782, L785, I801, A804, L805, C806, L814, L817, L818, I827, F832, I835, L836, I839, A849, W850, L853,





L860, F864, I871, M874, V875, F882, V891, F895, L898, L905, I915, I929, L933


880
Interleukin-1 receptor
Q9NZN1
L66, V347



accessory protein-like 1


881
Programmed cell death 1
Q9NZQ7
V21, M36, I38, C40, L53, V55, W57, M59, I64, I65, F67, Y81, L92, A97, A98, L99, I101, V104, Y112, C114, I116, I126,



ligand 1

V128, A132, Y134, L153, C155, A157, A163, W167, V193, L197, F207, C209, F211, L214, L224, I226


882
Potassium voltage-gated
Q9NZV8
L66, F84



channel subfamily D



member 2


883
Signal-regulatory protein
Q9P1W8
A49, L51, C53, V64, W66, I104, I109, C119, V120, F166, C168, F173, W182, A211, V213, L215, V224, C226, V228,



gamma

L244, A247, I248, V269, C271, V273, F276, L283, W285, C329, V331


884
Spastin (EC 3.6.4.3)
Q9UBP0
V116, A123, A130, A145


885
Glyoxylate
Q9UBQ7
V9, V11, L23, A24, A26, V49, A50, A52, L55, L56, C57, V63, L68, V77, I78, I93, A112, A115, L118, L119, C123, V156,



reductase/hydroxypyruvate

I158, A167, I168, A169, L172, L181, A192, L205, A206, F211, I212, V213, V214, C226, F230, F231, A238, V239,



reductase (EC 1.1.1.79)

F240, I241, V248, L254, A257, A264, A266, L268, V270, L282, A309, A310, L313


886
Beta-1,4-
Q9UBV7
L95, A96, V97, L98, V99, F111, V112, M115, L119, I128, V130, L131, A142, L144, I145, V147, I159, A160, H162,



galactosyltransferase 7

L166, L167, L173, Y175, H184, V185, A186, L190, V200, I203, L204, L205, L206, Y211, M217, F231, I235, L242,





L258, A262, A305, L310, I312, C324


887
Fibulin-5
Q9UBX5
C166, C286


888
5′-AMP-activated protein
Q9UGJ0
M265, C270, I273, V289, A292, L296, A304, L306, L318, I320, F323, I324, I326, L327, L341, I346, A368, L370, A373,



kinase subunit gamma-2

V374, L377, L385, V387, L399, H401, I404, L405, L408, F420, L425, I430, I445, A448, L449, I457, L460, V462, Y473,





V478, A482, L490, V494, L498, C511, L517, I520, V529, L532, V533, V534, V535, I545, L547, I550, L551, A553, L554


889
Deleted in malignant brain
Q9UGM3
A1896, V1899, I1901, V1910, C1911, A1920, V1922, V1923, C1924, A1981, V1983



tumors 1 protein


890
Interleukin-20 receptor
Q9UHF4
M50, L54, L82, C95, L97, A110, V112, I151, V153, M172, L179, Y181, V183, V185, V216, V218



subunit alpha


891
Doublecortin domain-
Q9UHG0
I141, L143, I144, I158, V169, V173, L187, V195, Y207, V208, A209, V210, Y220



containing protein 2


892
DNA polymerase subunit
Q9UHN1
L69, C73, F78, L79, L106, L110, W114, V118, V125, A130, L185, A189, L190, Y193, L197, Y206, L208, A209, C214,



gamma-2, mitochondrial

A237, L239, V240, W241, F242, W255, W262, W263, F266, F273, L289, F293, W295, I303, L303, L311, L322, V335,



(EC 2.7.7.7)

L336, V338, L342, M346, L347, A348, Y349, V371, L372, L374, L378, A379, V383, A384, L385, V387, L395, C399,





L402, L406, L407, L418, I437, L438, V441, V443, I453, L471


893
C-type lectin domain family
Q9UHP7
C86, F87, C103, A108, L110, A111, V113, L122, H131, W132, I133, L135, F155, C163, A164, L166, I183, C184



2 member D


894
Apolipoprotein
Q9UIR5
W35, C60, C71


895
Gap junction delta-2 protein
Q9UKL4
C62


896
Endoplasmic reticulum
Q9UKM7
V253, F257, A260, Y264, A268, L274, L287, L289, L291, I292, A294, L295, M298, A310, V314, L318, F320, V326,



mannosyl-oligosaccharide

L328, I335, L336, L339, L340, A342, F351, A355, F358, L362, A365, I372, V377, I379, V395, I401, L403, F405, L408,



1,2-alpha-mannosidase (EC

F417, V421, V424, I428, L438, V439, I443, L458, A462, Y466, Y468, L470, I474, Y487, A490, I491, V494, L498, F509,



3.2.1.113)

V510, L513, M522, C527, L529, L533, A534, H545, L548, A549, L552, M553, C556, M559, L567, V572, V585, L596,





V601, L604, F605, L607, Y616, I623, L624, I641, V644, M656, F660, L661, L665, Y667, L668, L670, L671, V685, F686,





A690, H691, L693


897
Disintegrin and
Q9UKQ2
C423, C434, C452, C453, C485



metalloproteinase domain-



containing protein 28


898
Frizzled-4
Q9ULV1
I50, C53, A75, L79, L94, F97, L98, C99, V101, Y102, V103, C117, C121, V124, C128, L132, F135, L143


899
Heat shock factor protein 4
Q9ULV5
L21, L24, L27, V28, I37, F46, V48, F54, V58, L59, F71, L75, F101, F106, L114, V117


900
Neurogenic locus notch
Q9UM47
C194, C428, C466, C504, C617, C884, C921, C1405, C1417, F1437, C1446, C1451, F1456, C1475, A1476, L1513,



homolog protein 3

V1514, L1515, V1517, L1524, F1531, L1535, L1539, V1582, L1584, I1586, A1604, A1607, A1608, L1611, A1613


901
Unconventional myosin-VI
Q9UM54
A9, I31, A43, C63, L65, A71, L73, L74, I77, I86, V90, I93, L94, I95, A96, I103, I112, V127, F128, A129, I130, A131,





A134, M138, V140, I147, I148, V149, A155, V164, Y167, L168, A185, L188, L189, A191, F192, A195, F206, F209, I212,





F214, V220, I235, Y245, H246, I247, F248, Y249, L251, C252, L265, F271, Y273, L274, Y281, F282, I318, M320,





M324, I327, L337, V340, V341, A342, V344, L345, L347, I350, L372, C375, A376, L378, L379, L381, L386, L390, A416,





A419, A422, L423, A424, V427, Y428, L431, F432, V435, V436, V439, I452, V454, L455, F471, Y475, C476, L480, F483,





F484, I488, L489, Y496, C514, I515, L517, I518, I525, I528, L529, F543, V547, F577, I578, I579, V586, Y588, F593,





L605, I609, I617, L651, L654, L655, L658, F665, I666, C668, I669, I685, L689, M694, V697, L698, M701, Y705, A709,





L714, Y718, Y721, L729, F734, C735, A737, L738, F739, L753, V756, F757, F758, F763, A764, I769, L777, L780, V784,





I1171, F1180, A1204, H1205, F1206, A1212, M1215, L1226, V1227, M1235, L1245, F1258, W1262, L1271, A1274,





I1275, A1280, A1285, L1289


902
Rho GTPase-activating
Q9UNA1
A761, A763, L775, F783, V786, L795, I806



protein 26


903
Tumor necrosis factor ligand
Q9UNG2
A82, F84, C100, V101, L109, I111, Y117, I119, V123, A124, V137, L139, Y140, I155, V158, L164, I170, L172, V180,



superfamily member 18

W187, I189


904
Protein unc-13 homolog A
Q9UPW8
L1494, L1500


905
Neuraminidase (EC
Q9W7Y7
I87, V95, V97, F102, I103, F113, F114, L115, L139, C142, A159, W160, A162, A164, C165, L172, I174, I176, A183,



3.2.1.18)/strain A/Hong

V184, A185, L187, L205, A213, C214, V215, F220, V222, M223, A232, Y234, I236, I239, V244, H256, Y257, C260,



Kong/156/1997 H5N1

C262, Y263, A266, I269, C271, V272, C273, V285, F287, C299, V302, F303, F330, F332, Y334, V338, W339, I340, F352,



genotype Gs/Gd

M354, I355, F368, I374, I375, F387, I388, M399, C402, F403, W404, V405, L407, W418, I424, F426


906
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved
Q9WFX3
V7, I20, C21, I22, A26, V33, V36, V43, L49, L50, L58, C59, L61, L67, L69, C72, I74, A75, W77, L78, L79, C84, L87,



into: Hemagglutinin HA1

W93, Y95, I96, V97, C107, Y108, L118, L122, V125, F128, F134, A151, A152, C153, Y155, A158, L165, L166, W167,



chain; Hemagglutinin HA2

L168, Y175, L178, V190, L191, V192, L193, W194, V196, H197, H198, Y209, Y215, V216, V218, Y223, A233, M244,



chain]/strain A/Brevig

Y246, Y247, L250, L251, I257, F259, A261, L265, I266, A267, Y270, A271, F272, A273, L274, I282, I283, C292,



Mission/1/1918 H1N1

C296, A302, I303, H313, I317, V324, L329, M331, A332, A349, M361, Y366, A388, I389, A440, L452, V459, L462,



(Influenza A virus (strain

V466, L470, C481, H486, C488, C492, M493



A/South Carolina/1/1918



H1N1))


907
Genome polyprotein
Q9WMX2
L754, V1061, L1070, A1071, C1073, V1074, V1077, C1078, W1079, V1081, A1085, I1097, L1108, V1109, L1120,



[Cleaved into: Core protein

L1130, L1132, I1140, V1142, V1158, L1161, L1169, C1171, A1176, V1177, I1179, F1180, A1190, A1192, V1193,



p21/genotype 1b (isolate

F1195, V1196, V1198, M1201, Y1244, V1251, V1253, L1254, A1259, A1260, M1268, I1291, Y1293, Y1296, A1301, I1312,



Con1) (HCV)

I1314, C1315, C1318, I1326, L1327, I1329, V1332, A1336, A1341, L1343, V1344, V1345, L1346, A1347, I1373, F1375,





I1380, I1385, L1391, I1392, F1393, C1394, C1400, L1403, L1407, V1432, V1434, V1435, A1436, L1440, F1444,





F1448, V1451, I1452, F1470, A1481, Y1499, L1517, C1518, C1520, Y1521, A1526, Y1528, L1539, Y1542, L1555,





W1558, V1561, I1568, F1572, L1586, V1587, A1588, A1591, C1594, W1608, L1611, H1619, L1624, L1625, L1628,





I1641, I1645, M2025, C2029, I2035, C2052, F2060, I2062, C2070, Y2090, V2091, V2093, V2102, M2105, F2122,





V2128, F2147, L2160, L2440, L2449, L2450, V2456, Y2457, A2458, A2464, Y2483, V2486, M2490, A2492, A2494,





V2497, A2499, A2507, C2508, Y2522, A2524, V2527, A2534, I2538, L2545, L2546, I2557, C2565, A2576, L2578,





V2580, L2584, V2586, V2588, C2589, A2593, L2594, V2597, V2598, L2601, A2604, V2605, Y2610, V2620, L2623,





A2626, M2634, F2636, Y2638, V2647, I2652, I2658, Y2659, C2661, C2662, A2665, A2668, A2671, I2672, L2675,





L2679, Y2680, L2685, C2693, C2698, A2700, V2703, L2704, C2708, L2712, C2714, A2718, A2719, A2720, A2721,





C2722, A2725, L2727, M2732, L2733, V2734, L2739, V2740, V2741, I2742, C2743, A2753, L2755, F2758, A2761,





M2762, Y2765, A2767, I2782, V2789, A2792, Y2801, L2803, L2811, A2812, A2814, A2815, L2828, I2831, I2832,





A2835, L2838, W2839, A2840, I2843, L2844, M2845, H2847, F2848, F2849, L2858, A2861, C2864, I2866, A2869,





C2870, Y2871, I2873, L2876, L2878, I2881, I2882, L2885, A2890, F2891, V2904, A2905, C2907, L2908, L2911,





V2913, V2918, W2919, A2923, V2926, L2930, L2931, A2937, A2938, C2940, L2944, F2945, A2948, A2960, A2961,





F2970, A2972, Y2974, I2979


908
Tumor necrosis factor ligand
Q9Y275
L112, C146, L147, L149, V166, A177, L178, I185, V187, F193, F194, I195, Y196, V199, Y201, M208, H210, I212,



superfamily member 13B

L224, L226, M236, C245, A248, L253, L259, L261, A262, I263, A268, V276, F278, F279, A281, L282


909
Cofilin-2
Q9Y281
V11, V14, M18, A35, V36, L37, F38, I47, I48, I55, V57, Y68, F71, V72, L75, C80, Y82, A83, L84, Y85, A87, V100,





F101, W104, A109, Y117, I124, F128, V137, L149, L161


910
Ragulator complex protein
Q9Y2Q5
L11, L23, L24, L25, A42, A46, V81, A82, I83, L89, L90, L91, C92, M93, L104, A108



LAMTOR2


911
Kinesin-like protein KIF3A
Q9Y496
V15, V17, V18, V19, I46, V48, V76, I85, V88, I96, A98, M110, I122, F127, I130, Y149, L150, I152, V157, L160, M195,





H216, F224, I226, I235, L246, L248, V249, A252, L267, V283, I284, L302, L310, M318, C319, A320, I322, A325, L336,





A339, A342, I345


912
Neurexin-3
Q9Y4C0
F337, L576, L582, L585, F711, I824, F875, F896, L909, L949, L988, Y993, V1022, I1101, L1118, V1120, F1122,





I1130, L1131, V1132, I1134, L1144, L1146, I1148, I1153, V1155, F1157, I1164, I1166, V1173, V1181, A1190,





L1192, V1194, V1199, L1209, F1212, I1218, I1220, F1229, L1233, L1236, Y1238, V1243, L1244, V1260, V1266


913
Dystrobrevin alpha
Q9Y4J8
C258, L266, C270


914
Kallikrein-4 (EC 3.4.21.—)
Q9Y5K2
I31, A46, A47, L48, V59, L60, V66, L67, A69, C72, I79, L81, L83, A99, A114, L117, M118, L119, I132, I135, C148,





V150, W153, V168, C178, C192, A193, L211, C213, L217, L220, V236, Y237, L240


915
CD2-associated protein
Q9Y5K6
Y4, V6, L18, I20, I26, L38, F49, V54, C113, V115, L127, L129, I135, F157, V162, C274, L288, F290, I296, F320, A325


916
Brefeldin A-inhibited
Q9Y6D5
F654, A679, Y711, F722, A739, A769, I776, I822



guanine nucleotide-exchange



protein 2


917
Cadherin-10
Q9Y6N8
L63, F102, I111, A113, I117, L127, A131, V147, I148, I150, V169, V182, I217, I218, V235, I237, A239, V255, I257,





A293, F317, L346, V348, A350, V371, I373


918
Tumor necrosis factor
Q9Y6Q6
C47, C50, A113, C114, C133



receptor superfamily



member 11A









Example 4: Assays Measuring Alterations in Conformational Dynamics

Alterations in conformational dynamics can be measured by standard methods known in the art. In preferred embodiments, alterations in conformational dynamics can be shown by measuring changes in melting temperatures, in urea-induced equilibrium unfolding studies, and/or Gibbs free energy as compared to the starting protein.


Changes in melting temperature can be shown by the following protocol. For example, a peptidogenic protein (0.20 mg/ml) and a starting protein (as a control) is heated from 10° C. to 72° C. in a 0.1 cm quartz cuvette with a heating rate of 1 degree×min−1 controlled by a Jasco programmable Peltier element. The dichroic activity at 209 nm and the photomultiplier tube voltage (PMTV) are continuously monitored in parallel every 0.5° C. All the thermal scans are corrected for the solvent contribution at the different temperatures. Melting temperature (Tm) values are calculated by taking the first derivative of the ellipticity at 209 nm with respect to temperature. All denaturation experiments are performed in triplicate (see Lori et al., PLoS One, 5; 8(6):e64824 (2013)).


A change in urea-induced equilibrium unfolding can be shown by the following protocol. A peptidogenic protein (final concentration 40 ug/ml) and a starting protein (as a control) is incubated at 10° C. in increasing concentrations of urea (0-8 M) in 25 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.5, in the presence of 0.2 M NaCl and 2 mM DTT (for non-disulfide containing proteins). After 10 min, equilibrium is reached and the intrinsic fluorescence emission, absorbance at 287 nm, and/or far-UV CD spectra (0.5-cm cuvette) are recorded in parallel at 10° C. To test the reversibility of the unfolding, a peptidogenic protein is unfolded at 10° C. in 7.0 M urea at 0.4 mg/ml protein concentration in 25 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.5, in the presence of 2 mM DTT and 0.2 M NaCl. After 10 mM, refolding is started by 10-fold dilution of the unfolding mixture at 10° C. into solutions of the same buffer used for unfolding containing decreasing urea concentrations. The final protein concentration is 40 ug/ml. After an incubation period of 15 min to 24 h, the intrinsic fluorescence emission, absorbance at 287 nm, and/or the CD spectra are recorded as a function of urea concentration at 10° C. (see Lori et al., PLoS One, 5; 8(6):e64824 (2013)).


Alterations in Gibbs free energy can be shown by the following protocol. In order to measure Gibbs free energy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments are performed on a VP-DSC (Microcal Inc., Northampton, Mass.) instrument at a scan rate of 1.5 deg/minute. Where possible, temperature-induced unfolding of a peptidogenic protein is checked for reversibility by comparing first and second DSC scans. It is understood that reversibility of folding and unfolding is not a requirement for the peptidogenic proteins described herein. The partial molar heat capacity of the protein, Cp,pr(T), is obtained from the experimentally measured apparent heat capacity difference between the sample (containing protein solution) and reference (containing corresponding buffer solution) cells, ΔC_p̂app (T). Protein concentration is measured spectrophotometrically using a known molar extinction coefficient. Analysis of the heat capacity profiles according to a two-state model is done using non-linear regression routine NLREG and in-house written scripts. The standard thermodynamic functions under reference conditions are calculated as:







Δ







H

ca





l




(
T
)



=


Δ






H


(

T
m

)



+

Δ







C
p



(

T
-

T
m


)














Δ





S


(
T
)


=




Δ






S


(

T
m

)



+

Δ






C
p



ln


(

T
/

T
m


)










=





Δ






Hcal


(
Tm
)



Tm

+

Δ





Cp






ln


(

T
/
Tm

)














Δ






G


(
T
)



=



(


T
m

-
T

)



(


Δ








H

ca





l




(

T
m

)


/

T
m



-

Δ






C
p



)


-

T





Δ






C
p



ln


(

T
/

T
m


)








Where ΔH(T), ΔS(T), and ΔG(T) are the enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy functions of a peptidogenic protein, respectively, ΔHcal is the enthalpy of unfolding at the transition temperature Tm, and ΔCp is the heat capacity of unfolding (see Loladze et al., J. Mol. Biol. 320, 343-357 (2002)).


Example 5: Assays Measuring Peptidogenicity

One of the intracellular conditions that may participate in processing of the peptidogenic proteins as described herein is proteolysis. The influence of the differential stability of the peptidogenic proteins on proteolysis can be determined using one of several in vitro or ex vivo assays.


(a) Cathepsin L Proteolysis


In one embodiment, examination of the behavior of the peptidogenic proteins toward proteolysis is measured by subjecting them to the action of cathepsin L, one of the enzymes known to be critical in protein antigen processing (Hsieh, C. S., deRoos, P., Honey, K., Beers, C., and Rudensky, A. Y. (2002) J. Immunol. 168, 2618-2625). Susceptibility of the peptidogenic proteins to proteolysis is assessed using lysosomal cathepsin L. The peptidogenic proteins (0.5 ug/ul) are incubated with various amounts (e.g., 1.5 munits) of enzyme in 50 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 4.5, for various lengths of time at 37° C. Digestion is stopped using 0.1% TEA, and proteolysis is monitored by reversed-phase HPLC on C18 reverse phase columns (Vydac, Hesperia, CA). Elution of the proteolytic products is carried out with a linear gradient of acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TEA.


(b) Proteolysis Using Alpha-Chymotrypsin and Carboxypeptidase Y


In another embodiment, examination of the behavior of the peptidogenic proteins toward proteolysis is measured by subjecting them to the action of alpha-chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase Y. Alpha-chymotrypsin is an endopeptidase which cleaves at the carboxyl terminus of aromatic amino acids; carboxypeptidase Y is an exopeptidase which removes amino acids sequentially from the carboxyl terminus. Proteolytic digestion with these enzymes is specific for unstable conformations, hence, the conformational stability of the peptidogenic proteins determines their resistance/susceptibility to proteolytic digestion. The peptidogenic proteins at 1 mg/ml in 0.5 ml of 20 mM HEPES-buffered saline, pH 7.5, are incubated at 37° C. with 100 ug of alpha-chymotrypsin from bovine pancreas and carboxypeptidase Y from yeast. Each incubation is terminated at various time-points and the digested samples are stored at −20° C. until analyzed. Samples are analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), through a 15% acrylamide gel and under reducing conditions, then stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue for visualization.


(c) Proteolysis Using Lysosomal Extracts


In another embodiment, examination of the behavior of the peptidogenic proteins toward proteolysis is measured by subjecting them to the action of lysosomal extracts of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. The peptidogenic proteins are incubated at various concentrations in the presence of equal amounts of proteins from crude lysosomal extracts from bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. The mixtures are incubated in 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer, 0.5% Triton X-100, and 2 mM dithiothreitol at pH 4.5. Each incubation is terminated at various time-points and the digested samples are stored at −20° C. until analyzed. Samples are analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The experiments are repeated with and without prior adsorption of peptidogenic proteins onto an adjuvant such as aluminum hydroxide. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells are purified with use of anti-CD11c microbeads from bone marrow cultured in granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor. See, for example, Delamarre et al., FIG. 4.


(d) Proteolysis after Internalization by Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells


In another embodiment, examination of the behavior of the peptidogenic proteins toward proteolysis is measured by labeling them with FITC per the manufacturer's protocol, incubating bone marrow-derived dendritic cells with the FITC-proteins, and measuring the percentage of FITC+, CD11c+ cells over time. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells are loaded with 0.5 mg/ml of the FITC-labeled peptidogenic proteins for 1 hour, are washed, and then are cultured at 37° C. for various amounts of time. FACS is then used to determine the percentage of FITC+, CD11c+ cells at each time point subtracted to the percentage of FITC+, CD11c+ cells at time 0 h. This represents the percentage of proteolysis of the peptidogenic proteins. The experiments are repeated with and without prior adsorption of FITC-labeled peptidogenic proteins onto an adjuvant such as aluminum hydroxide.


Example 6: Antibody Production and Sequencing

Ig-seq of antibody repertoires may follow previously described protocols (10, 29) with minor modifications. B cells can be isolated from the serum, spleen, or other tissues of hyperimmunized rabbits. In order to reduce the complexity of the sequencing library, this population can be sorted to enrich for CD19+CD3CD27+CD38int memory B cells or B cells that recognize the target antigen (5, 30, 31). These cells are then lysed and mRNA is isolated using standard methods, and reverse transcribed to cDNA using 5′ RACE with 3′ primers specific for the IgH or IgL constant region (9, 32). The cDNA library is then amplified with primers containing the required paired-end adapter sequences and optional barcodes to enable quantification of template and error correction by averaging multiple reads (8, 9).


Complete determination of antibody sequences requires identifying native VH-VL pairs. As each VH and VL sequence is encoded by a separate mRNA, clonal sequencing may be performed by isolating single B cells in subnanoliter volume wells (5) or microemulsion (9) prior to mRNA isolation, reverse transcription, and overlap extension or linkage PCR. As an alternative, endogenous VH-VL pairs can be identified through partial cross-linking of purified Fabs prior to LC-MS/MS. Under the appropriate conditions, this will result in a fraction of the Fab heavy and light chains forming interchain crosslinks, and the resulting peptide masses will be used to determine native pairing.


In order to identify the antibodies raised in response to a mixture of peptidogenic proteins, sequence information can be combined with data from high-resolution mass spectrometry. Protein A-purified IgGs can be digested with papain to release the two Fabs from the Fc domain. These can then be immunoaffinity purified on a custom column prepared using the peptidogenic protein immobilized on a solid support, the eluted Fabs proteolytically digested, and the peptide products subjected to mass spectrometry. The resulting peptide masses can be compared with the complete antibody sequencing data to identify the CDR sequences that recognize the antigen. Pairing of IgG VH and VL sequences can be accomplished through chemical cross-linking of the immunoaffinity purified Fabs prior to the proteolytic digest; Young et al have demonstrated the feasibility of this approach (33).


Example 7: Immunization Using a Mixture of Peptidogenic Proteins

Methods of raising antibodies in mammals are well known in the art. In one example, polyclonal antiserum against peptidogenic proteins is raised by immunization of pathogen free rabbits with a total of 500 μg of a mixture of peptidogenic proteins over a period of two months. For example, the peptidogenic proteins can be dissolved in PBS and emulsified with an equal volume of Freund's adjuvant. After the final booster, the serum of the rabbits can be separated to determine the titer of the polyclonal antiserum. To obtain monoclonal antibodies, 4-6 week old Balb/c mice can be immunized with a peptidogenic protein (for example 4 times with 2 week intervals with 10-100 μg/injection dissolved in Freunds complete adjuvant for the first injection, and Freund's incomplete adjuvant for subsequent immunizations). Splenocytes are isolated and fused with a fusion cell line such as Sp2/0 myeloma cells, followed by limiting dilution. Growing clones are screened using for example an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). 96 cells plates are coated with peptidogenic proteins or with a control protein. The culture supernatant is added, followed by washing and addition of a labeled anti-mouse antibody for detection. After limited dilution cloning of the peptidogenic protein-specific antibody producing hybridomas stable hybridomas are obtained. From each cell, supernatant is collected and by affinity chromatography using protein A sepharose columns monoclonal antibodies can be purified.


Example 8: Another Example of Immunization Using a Mixture of Peptidogenic Proteins

In an additional animal model, groups of 5 mice (C57BL/6J; Jackson Labs) can be subcutaneously immunized with 5 μg of endotoxin-free peptidogenic proteins emulsified in alum, which is the adjuvant most commonly used in human vaccines. Three weeks later, mice are bled and the presence of peptidogenic protein-specific antibodies can be determined by titering the seras by ELISA (direct binding of antibodies in sera to wild type BPTI or APP-KI coated, directly or indirectly (via a biotinylated tag and streptavidin), on the wells). To confirm that the peptidogenic proteins have a similar conformation as the starting protein, competitive inhibition assays are performed in which titrated amounts of starting protein and peptidogenic proteins are pre-incubated with the seras prior to adding to the starting protein coated plates. This provides additional evidence, with an immunological probe, that the 3D structure of the peptidogenic proteins has not been compromised by the engineered mutations.


To determine whether the peptidogenic proteins result in better secondary antibody responses, groups of mice can be immunized as described above, and 6 weeks after the primary immunization they can be immunized a second time. One week post-secondary immunization, mice are bled and antigen-specific antibody responses are determined by ELISA as described above. Mouse dendritic cells are pulsed in vitro with the peptidogenic proteins that can generate a strong antibody response, and 24 hrs later the peptidogenic protein-derived peptides presented by MHCII are isolated and their masses analysed by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC/MS). These studies require large numbers (>107) of dendritic cells which are purified from mice previously injected with a mouse tumor line expressing FLT-3L, a cytokine that drives dendritic cell development in vivo (the spleens of these mice fill up with dendritic cells; Segura et al, 2009). To allow for peak identification and the quantiifcation of MHCII-peptides by mass spectrometry, the peptidogenic protein can be biosynthetically labeled with stable isotopes such as 13C and 15N (during production of the recombinant protein—see above) prior to feeding to the DCs (Hoedt et al 2014).


Example 9: Immunization Using Sequences Encoding a Mixture of Peptidogenic Proteins

Methods of directly injecting polynucleotides into animals are well described in the art. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,676,954; 6,875,748; 5,661,133. Briefly, using the known degeneracy of the genetic code, polynucleotides encoding a mixture of peptidogenic proteins described herein can be synthesized using standard DNA synthesis techniques. The polynucleotide(s) can then be directly injected into the animal, such as, for example, mice. Specifically, a mixture of polynucleotides encoding the mixture of peptidogenic proteins can be injected into the quadriceps muscles of restrained awake mice (female 6-12 week old BALB/c or Nude, nu/nu, from Harlan Sprague Dawley, Indianapolis, Ind.). In one embodiment, 50 μg of a polynucleotide in 50 μl solution using a disposable sterile, plastic insulin syringe and 28G ½ needle (Becton-Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, N.J., Cat. No. 329430) fitted with a plastic collar cut from a micropipette tip can be used to inject the mice, as described in Hartikka, J., et al., Hum. Gene Ther. 7:1205-1217 (1996)).


Alternatively, 6-week old Sprague Dawley female mice (body weight 20-25 grams) can be given 5000 ppm ZnOSO4 in their drinking water beginning 24 hours prior to injection. This amount of zinc has been shown to be able to activate the metallothionein promoter. Each mouse is then injected intravenously through a tail vein puncture with a 25 gauge needle with 30 μg of polynucleotides encoding the mixture of peptidogenic proteins complexed with 150 μg liposome (Lipofection TM) in a total volume of 30 μl. In one embodiment, the polynucleotides mixture injected into the mice encodes for different peptidogenic proteins relating to the same starting protein. Alternatively, a library of peptidogenic proteins can be encoded by the mixture of polynucleotides, wherein the library relates to different starting proteins. Animal care should be maintained throughout the study and should be performed in compliance with the “Guide for the Use and Care of Laboratory Animals”, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council, National Academy Press.


After the injected polynucleotide encoding the peptidogenic proteins are delivered into the cells in the animal, the peptidogenic proteins are then expressed in vivo. The peptidogenic proteins can then stimulate the production of antibodies specific to the peptidogenic proteins. These antibodies can be isolated and used as a polyclonal mixture or further isolated into single species or monoclonals. The process of the immune response and production of antibodies against foreign antigens in vivo are well known in the art. Unlike the traditional protocols of antibody generation, the platform invention described herein allows the simultaneously raising of a group of antibodies against multiple peptidogenic proteins (whether or not they rely on the same starting protein). This simultaneous production of antibodies to multiple proteins using a mixture of polynucleotides has the potential to change how antibody production is currently being performed.


Example 10: Immunization Using mRNA Encoding Peptidogenic Proteins

The methods of directly injecting in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA into animals are also well known in the art. See, Sahin et al., Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2014 October; 13(10):759-80; Kariko et al., Mol Ther, 2008 November; 16(11):1833-40; Kariko et al., Nucleic Acid Res, 2011, November; 39(21):e142; U.S. Pat. No. 6,511,832. For example, linearized DNA plasmid templates which encode a mixture of peptidogenic proteins can be used. All mRNAs can be designed to contain 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions, the open reading frames, and long poly(A) tails, which can help determine the translational activity and stability of the mRNA molecule after its transfer into cells.


For example, mRNAs (including a poly(A) tail) encoding peptidogenic proteins can be synthesized using triphosphate-derivatives of pseudouridine and 5-methylcytidine (m5C) (TriLink) to generate a modified nucleoside containing RNA. A 5′-cap can be added to the mRNAs by supplementing the transcription reactions with 6 mmol/l 3′-O-Me-m7GpppG, a nonreversible cap analog (New England Biolabs, Beverly, Mass.) and lowering the concentration of guanosine triphosphate (3.75 mmol/1). Purification of the transcripts can be performed by Turbo DNase (Ambion, Austin, Tex.) digestion followed by LiCl precipitation and 75% ethanol wash. The concentrations of RNA reconstituted in water can be determined by measuring the optical density at 260 nm. Efficient incorporation of modified nucleotides to the transcripts can be determined by HPLC analyses. All RNA samples can be analyzed by denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis for quality assurance. Lipofectin (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif.) and mRNA are then complexed in phosphate buffer in order to enhance transfection. To assemble a 50 μl complex of RNA-lipofectin, first 0.4 μl potassium phosphate buffer (0.4 mol/1, pH 6.2) containing 10 μg/bovine serum albumin (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.) is added to 6.7 μl DMEM, then 0.8 μl lipofectin is mixed in and the sample is incubated for 10 minutes. In a separate tube, 0.25-3 μg of RNA is added to DMEM to a final volume of 3.3 μl. Diluted RNA is added to the lipofectin mix and incubated for 10 minutes. Finally, the RNA-lipofectin complex is further diluted by adding 38.8 μl DMEM.


The RNA encoding the peptidogenic proteins can then be injected into the mouse models described herein. In general, a composition comprising 60 μl final volume with 1 μl lipofectin and different amounts of polynucleotides encoding the peptidogenic proteins are injected into the lateral vein using a 1-ml syringe with a 27G1/2 needle (Becton Dickinson, San Diego, Calif.). Alternatively, the polynucleotides can be injected via intramuscular, intradermal, intranasal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intratracheal, and intrathecal deliveries. After the polynucleotides are delivered into the cells, the peptidogenic proteins are synthesized in vivo. The immune responses triggered by the peptidogenic proteins and the subsequent production of antibodies in the animals are described herein.


Example 11: Affinity Maturing Antibodies to Peptidogenic Protein Using Phage Display

Once antibodies have been raised to the peptidogenic proteins by presenting and allowing the peptidogenic protein to undergo processing by an antigen presenting cell such as described in the Examples herein, the resulting antibodies can be matured using a display approach. For example, a library of phage displaying scFvs or Fabs derived from B cell mRNA encoding the target-specific antibodies can be screened in an assay to identify those phage displaying scFvs or Fabs that immunospecifically bind to a peptidogenic protein or to a starting protein. Phage displaying scFvs or Fabs that bound to immobilized peptidogenic protein or starting protein can be identified after panning on immobilized peptidogenic protein or starting protein and assessing by ELISA for binding to immobilized peptidogenic protein or starting protein. The peptidogenic protein or starting protein that is immobilized on plates for these assays can be purified from supernatants of Sf9 cells infected with a baculovirus expression construct as described in Moore et al., Science 285:260-263 or from supernatants from HEK293 cells. Each of the identified scFvs or Fabs can then be sequenced.


To determine the specificity of each of the unique scFvs or Fabs, a phage ELISA can be performed for each scFvs or Fabs against the peptidogenic protein or starting protein and control wells. Individual E. coli colonies containing a phagemid representing one of the unique scFvs or Fabs can be inoculated into 96-well plates containing 100 μl 2TYAG medium per well. Plates are incubated at 37° C. for 4 hours, shaking. M13K07 helper phage is then added to each well to a MOI of 10 and the plates are incubated for a further 1 hour at 37° C. The plates are centrifuged in a benchtop centrifuge at 2000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant is removed and cell pellets are resuspended in 100 μl 2TYAK and incubated at 30° C. overnight, shaking.


The next day, plates are centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 min and the 100 μl phage-containing supernatant from each well are carefully transferred into a fresh 96-well plate. Twenty μl of 6×MPBS is added to each well, and incubated at room temperature for 1 hour to pre-block the phage prior to ELISA.


Flexible 96-well plates (Falcon) are coated overnight at 4° C. with a peptidogenic protein (directly or indirectly, at 1 mg/ml) in PBS, BSA (1 g/ml) in PBS, or PBS. After coating, the solutions are removed from the wells, and the plates are blocked for 1 hour at room temperature in MPBS. The plates are washed 3 times with PBS and then 50 μl of pre-blocked phage is added to each well. The plates are incubated at room temperature for 1 hour and then washed with 3 changes of PBST followed by 3 changes of PBS. To each well, 50 μl of an anti-gene VIII-HRP conjugate (Pharmacia) at a 1 to 5000 dilution in MPBS is added and the plates are incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. Each plate is washed three times with PBST followed by three times with PBS. Then 50 μl of an HRP-labelled anti-mouse antibody (DAKO EnVision) diluted 1/50 in 3% MPBS is added and incubated for 1 hour at room temperature. Each plate is then washed three times with PBST followed by three times with PBS. Fifty μl of TMB substrate is then added to each well, and incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes or until color development. The reaction is stopped by the addition of 25 μl of 0.5 M H2SO4. The signal generated is measured by reading the absorbance at 450 nm (A450) using a microtiter plate reader (Bio-Rad 3550).


Conversion of scFvs or Fabs to IgG1 format can be performed as follows. The VH domain and the VL domains of scFvs or Fabs that we wish to convert into IgG molecules can be cloned into vectors containing the nucleotide sequences of the appropriate heavy (human IgG1, IgG2, etc.) or light chain (human kappa or human lambda) constant regions such that a complete heavy or light chain molecule could be expressed from these vectors when transfected into an appropriate host cell. Further, when cloned heavy and light chains are both expressed in one cell line (from either one or two vectors), they can assemble into a complete functional antibody molecule that is secreted into the cell culture medium. Methods for converting scFvs or Fabs into conventional antibody molecules are well known within the art.


The purification of the IgG from the fermentation broth is performed using a combination of conventional techniques commonly used for antibody production. Typically the culture harvest is clarified to remove cells and cellular debris prior to starting the purification scheme. This would normally be achieved by using either centrifugation or filtration of the harvest. Following clarification, the antibody would typically be captured and significantly purified using affinity chromatography on Protein A Sepharose. The antibody is bound to Protein A Sepharose at basic pH and, following washing of the matrix, is eluted by a reduction of the pH. Further purification of the antibody is then achieved by gel filtration. As well as removing components with different molecular weights from the antibody this step can also be used to buffer exchange into the desired final formulation buffer.


Example 12: Assays Used to Characterize Antibodies and Measure Cross-Reactivity

Antibodies (whether cross-reacting or antibodies raised against the peptidogenic protein) (including scFvs or Fabs and other molecules comprising, or alternatively consisting of, antibody fragments or variants thereof) may be screened in a variety of assays, some of which are described below to identify those antibodies that bind to the peptidogenic protein and/or starting protein.


In one particular assay, antibodies (whether cross-reacting or antibodies raised against the peptidogenic protein) that bind to a biotinylated protein (whether the peptidogenic protein and/or starting protein) can be captured on streptavidin coated magnetic beads. This assay may be applied to identify antibodies (whether cross-reacting or antibodies raised against the peptidogenic protein) that neutralize and/or bind to the peptidogenic protein and/or starting protein. Additionally, antibodies may be assayed in neutralization assays described herein or otherwise known in the art. For example, where the target protein is BlyS, antibodies may be tested for their ability to inhibit the peptidogenic protein and/or starting protein from binding to IM9 cells. In this assay, labeled peptidogenic protein and/or starting protein (e.g., biotinylated) is incubated with antibodies to allow for the formation of protein-antibody complexes. Following incubation, an aliquot of the protein-antibody sample is added to IM9 cells. Binding may be determined using techniques known in the art. For example, the binding of biotinylated protein (whether the peptidogenic protein and/or starting protein) to IM9 cells may be detected using a fluorimeter following the addition of streptavidin-delfia. Biotinylated protein, if it is not bound by antibodies that neutralize the protein, will bind to the cells and can be detected. Thus, an antibody that decreases the amount of biotinylated-protein that binds to IM9 cells (relative to a control sample in which the protein had been preincubated with an irrelevant antibody or no antibody at all) is identified as one that binds to and neutralizes the protein.


Other immunoassays which can be used to analyze cross-reactivity and/or characterize the antibodies raised against the peptidogenic protein include, but are not limited to, competitive and non-competitive assay systems using techniques such as western blots, radioimmunoassays, ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), “sandwich” immunoassays, immunoprecipitation assays, precipitin reactions, gel diffusion precipitin reactions, immunodiffusion assays, agglutination assays, complement-fixation assays, immunoradiometric assays, fluorescent immunoassays, and protein A immunoassays, to name but a few. Such assays are routine and well known in the art (see, e.g., Ausubel et al, eds, 1994, Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Vol. 1, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.


Exemplary immunoassays are described briefly below (but are not intended by way of limitation) Immunoprecipitation protocols generally comprise lysing a population of cells in a lysis buffer such as RIPA buffer (1% NP-40 or Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS, 0.15 M NaCl, 0.01 M sodium phosphate at pH 7.2, 1% Trasylol) supplemented with protein phosphatase and/or protease inhibitors (e.g., EDTA, PMSF, aprotinin, sodium vanadate), adding the cross-reacting antibody of interest to the cell lysate, incubating for a period of time (e.g., 1 to 4 hours) at 4° C., adding protein A and/or protein G sepharose beads to the cell lysate, incubating for about an hour or more at 4° C., washing the beads in lysis buffer and resuspending the beads in SDS/sample buffer. The ability of the antibody of interest to immunoprecipitate a peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein can be assessed by, e.g., western blot analysis or mass spectrometry. One of skill in the art would be knowledgeable as to the parameters that can be modified to increase the binding of the antibody to a peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein and decrease the background (e.g., pre-clearing the cell lysate with sepharose beads). For further discussion regarding immunoprecipitation protocols see, e.g., Ausubel et al, eds, 1994, Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Vol. 1, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York at 10.16.1.


Western blot analysis generally comprises preparing protein samples, electrophoresis of the protein samples in a polyacrylamide gel (e.g., 8%-20% SDS-PAGE depending on the molecular weight of the antigen), transferring the protein sample from the polyacrylamide gel to a membrane such as nitrocellulose, PVDF or nylon, blocking the membrane in blocking solution (e.g., PBS with 3% BSA or non-fat milk), washing the membrane in washing buffer (e.g., PBS-Tween 20), blocking the membrane with primary antibody (the antibody of interest) diluted in blocking buffer, washing the membrane in washing buffer, blocking the membrane with a secondary antibody (which recognizes the primary antibody, e.g., an anti-human antibody) conjugated to an enzymatic substrate (e.g., horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase) or radioactive molecule (e.g., 32P or 1211) diluted in blocking buffer, washing the membrane in wash buffer, and detecting the presence of the antigen. One of skill in the art would be knowledgeable as to the parameters that can be modified to increase the signal detected and to reduce the background noise. For further discussion regarding western blot protocols see, e.g., Ausubel et al, eds, 1994, Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Vol. 1, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York at 10.8.1.


In a further example, ELISAs comprise preparing peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein, coating the well of a 96-well microtiter plate (directly or indirectly) with the peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein, washing away the peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein that did not bind the wells, adding the antibody of interest conjugated to a detectable compound such as an enzymatic substrate (e.g., horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase) to the wells and incubating for a period of time, washing away unbound antibodies or non-specifically bound antibodies, and detecting the presence of the antibodies specifically bound to the peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein coating the well. In ELISAs the antibody of interest does not have to be conjugated to a detectable compound; instead, a second antibody (which recognizes the antibody of interest) conjugated to a detectable compound may be added to the well.


Further, instead of coating the well with the antigen, the antibody may be coated to the well. In this case, the detectable molecule could be the peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein conjugated to a detectable compound such as an enzymatic substrate (e.g., horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase). One of skill in the art would be knowledgeable as to the parameters that can be modified to increase the signal detected as well as other variations of ELISAs known in the art. For further discussion regarding ELISAs see, e.g., Ausubel et al, eds, 1994, Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Vol. 1, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York at 11.2.1. The binding affinity of an antibody to a peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein and the off-rate of an antibody-protein interaction can be determined by competitive binding assays. One example of a competitive binding assay is a radioimmunoassay comprising the incubation of labeled peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein (e.g., 3H or 1251) with the antibody of interest in the presence of increasing amounts of unlabeled peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein, and the detection of the antibody bound to the labeled peptidogenic protein and/or a starting protein. The affinity of the antibody of the present invention for a peptidogenic protein and/or the starting protein and the binding off-rates can be determined from the data by Scatchard plot analysis. Competition with a second antibody can also be determined using radioimmunoassays. In this case, a peptidogenic protein and/or starting protein is incubated with an antibody of interest conjugated to a labeled compound (e.g., 3H or 1251) in the presence of increasing amounts of an unlabeled second anti-peptidogenic protein antibody.


In a preferred embodiment, BIAcore kinetic analysis can be used to determine the binding on and off rates of antibodies to peptidogenic protein and/or starting protein. BIAcore kinetic analysis comprises analyzing the binding and dissociation of peptidogenic protein and/or starting protein from chips with immobilized antibodies on their surface.


Example 13: Vaccination

Further, a mixture of peptidogenic proteins as described herein can be used as a vaccine. For example a concentration of 320 ug/mL in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, 155 mM NaCl, 1 mM KH2PO4, 3 mM Na2HPO3) of the peptidogenic proteins are aseptically emulsified with an equal volume of Montanide ISA 51 to give a final vaccine concentration of 160 ug/mL. The emulsion is achieved by homogenizing the mixture in a volume of 200 mL in a 400-mL vessel at room temperature for 6 min at 6000 rpm using an Omni Mixer-ES homogenizer (Omni International, Warren-ton, VA). Each vaccine undergoes comprehensive quality control analyses to ensure general safety, purity, identity, integrity, and uniform water-in-oil droplet size. Stability of vaccines stored at 2-8° C. is evaluated regularly using mouse immunogenicity tests and physical and biochemical assays to verify the vaccine safety, potency, uniformity, purity, and integrity until 4-10 months after the termination of the human immunizations. The 160 ug/mL peptidogenic protein vaccines are diluted with the PBS/ISA 51 (the adjuvant control vaccine) to the final dose forms of 10 ug/mL or 40 ug/mL prior to immunizations. As a result of different degrees of dilution, these vaccines contained two different ratios of vaccine-containing vs. vaccine-free water droplets, namely ratios of 1:15 and 1:3 for the 10 ug/mL and 40 ug/mL formulations, respectively. The test and control vaccines may be highly viscous and require vortexing prior to and after manipulation to ensure homogeneity. The vaccine can be administered intramuscularly by needle and syringe. Vaccine-induced T-cell responses are further evaluated by means of a qualified intracellular cytokine staining assay. Peripheral-blood mononuclear cells are quantified to determine the proportion of total and memory CD4 and CD8 T cells producing interleukin-2, interferon-γ, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF).


Polynucleotides encoding a mixture of peptidogenic proteins can also be used as a vaccine by administering to a patient the polynucleotide described herein.


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Claims
  • 1. A method of generating an immune response in an animal wherein said method comprises: a. designing a mixture of peptidogenic proteins derived from a starting protein, wherein the peptidogenic proteins have altered conformational dynamics as compared to the starting protein and wherein the peptidogenic proteins are similar in conformation to the starting protein;b. introducing the mixture of peptidogenic proteins to an animal; andc. generating an immune response in the animal.
  • 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the conformational dynamics are altered by: a. examining the 3-D structure of the starting protein, identifying non-surface amino acid residues of the starting protein and replacing at least one non-surface amino acid residue in the starting protein to generate the peptidogenic proteins; orb. examining a model of the 3-D structure of the starting protein, identifying non-surface amino acid residues of the starting protein and replacing at least one non-surface amino acid residue in the starting protein to generate the peptidogenic proteins; orc. comparing the pattern of conserved amino acid homology across proteins orthologous to the starting protein from different species to identify non-surface amino acid residues of the starting protein and replacing at least one non-surface amino acid residue in the starting protein to generate the peptidogenic proteins; ord. replacing at least one non-surface amino acid residue of the starting protein to generate the peptidogenic proteins; ore. replacing at least one non-surface amino acid residue with a smaller amino acid residue; orf. replacing at least one non-surface amino acid residue with an alanine or glycine; org. eliminating at least one disulfide bond in the starting protein.
  • 3. The method of claim 1, wherein at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 amino acids are replaced in the starting protein.
  • 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the conformational dynamics of the starting protein are altered by replacing: a. at least one threonine with a valine, alanine, glycine or serine; orb. at least one cysteine with alanine, valine, glycine, serine or threonine; orc. at least one valine with alanine, glycine, leucine or isoleucine; ord. at least one leucine with alanine, valine, glycine, or isoleucine; ore. at least one isoleucine with alanine, valine, leucine, or glycine; orf. at least one proline with methionine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, or glycine; org. at least one methionine with alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, or glycine; orh. at least one phenylalanine with tyrosine, methionine, histidine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, or glycine; ori. at least one tyrosine with phenylalanine, methionine, histidine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, or glycine; orj. at least one tryptophan with tyrosine, phenylalanine, methionine, histidine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, or glycine; ork. at least one aspartic acid with glutamic acid, glutamine, asparagine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; orl. at least one asparagine with glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamine, glutamic acid, or aspartic acid; orm. at least one glutamic acid with aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; orn. at least one glutamine with glutamic acid, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, or isoleucine; oro. at least one lysine with arginine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, methionine, leucine, or isoleucine; orp. at least one arginine with lysine, histidine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, methionine, leucine, or isoleucine; orq. at least one histidine with phenylalanine, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, valine, glutamine, asparagine, leucine, methionine or isoleucine; orr. at least one alanine with a glycine or proline; ors. at least one glycine with an alanine or proline; ort. at least one serine with an alanine or glycine; oru. at least one residue with a non-natural amino acid; orv. any of the above combinations.
  • 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the change in conformational dynamics of the peptidogenic proteins is measured by: a. a change in melting temperature as compared to the starting protein; orb. a change in Gibbs free energy of stabilization or proteolytic sensitivity assay; orc. a change in Gibbs free energy, wherein the change in Gibbs free energy of stabilization is measured by denaturant modulated equilibrium unfolding, such as an urea or guanidinium hydrochloride unfolding.
  • 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the similar conformation is measured by: a. a cross-reacting antibody that binds to both the peptidogenic proteins and the starting protein; orb. the cross-reacting antibody of (a), wherein cross-reactivity is measured by an immunoprecipitation assay, surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry, oblique-incidence reflective difference (OI-RD), western blots, radioimmunoassays, ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), “sandwich” immunoassays, gel diffusion precipitin reactions, immunodiffusion assays, agglutination assays, complement-fixation assays, immunoradiometric assays, fluorescent immunoassays, and/or protein A immunoassays; orc. the cross-reacting antibody of (a), wherein cross-reactivity is measured by a binding assay; ord. The cross-reacting antibody of (a), wherein the cross-reacting antibody has a dissociation constant (KD) of less than or equal to 10−9M; ore. The cross-reacting antibody of (a), wherein the cross-reacting antibody has a dissociation constant (KD) of less than or equal to 10−9M, less than or equal to 10−7M, or less than or equal to 10−6M.
  • 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the starting protein is selected from: a. an envelope glycoprotein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV gp120, HIV gp41, HIV gp160, an ebola antigen, a viral antigen, a bacterial antigen, a parasite antigen, an allergen, a venom, a toxin, a tumor-associated antigen, a transmembrane domain protein, a G-protein coupled receptor, an ion channel, a hepatitis C virus antigen, a hepatitis B virus antigen, a MERS-CoV antigen, a Zika virus antigen, an influenza virus antigen, a malaria antigen; and/orb. any one of the malaria antigens listed in Table 2; and/orc. any one of the Targets listed in Table 5; and/ord. a tumor associated antigen selected from MAGE-A1, MAGE-A2, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A5, MAGE-A6, MAGE-A7, MAGE-A8, MAGE-A9, MAGE-A10, MAGE-A11, MAGE-A12, GAGE-I, GAGE-2, GAGE-3, GAGE-4, GAGE-5, GAGE-6, GAGE-7, GAGE-8, BAGE-I, RAGE-1, LB33/MUM-1, PRAME, NAG, MAGE-Xp2 (MAGE-B2), MAGE-Xp3 (MAGE-B3), MAGE-Xp4 (MAGE-B4), MAGE-C1/CT7, MAGE-C2, NY-ESO-I, LAGE-I, SSX-I, SSX-2(HOM-MEL-40), SSX-3, SSX-4, SSX-5, SCP-I and XAGE, melanocyte differentiation antigens, p53, ras, CEA, MUC1, PMSA, PSA, tyrosinase, Melan-A, MART-1, gp100, gp75, alpha-actinin-4, Bcr-Abl fusion protein, Casp-8, beta-catenin, cdc27, cdk4, cdkn2a, coa-1, dek-can fusion protein, EF2, ETV6-AML1 fusion protein, LDLR-fucosyltransferaseAS fusion protein, HLA-A2, HLA-A11, hsp70-2, KIAAO205, Mart2, Mum-2, and 3, neo-PAP, myosin class I, OS-9, pml-RAR alpha fusion protein, PTPRK, K-ras, N-ras, Triosephosphate isomerase, GnTV, Herv-K-mel, NA-88, SP17, and TRP2-Int2, (MART-I), E2A-PRL, H4-RET, IGH-IGK, MYL-RAR, Epstein Barr virus antigens, EBNA, human papillomavirus (HPV) antigens E6 and E7, TSP-180, MAGE-4, MAGE-5, MAGE-6, p185erbB2, p180erbB-3, c-met, nm-23H1, PSA, TAG-72-4, CA 19-9, CA 72-4, CAM 17.1, NuMa, K-ras, alpha-fetoprotein, 13HCG, BCA225, BTAA, CA 125, CA 15-3 (CA 27.29\BCAA), CA 195, CA 242, CA-50, CAM43, CD68\KP1, CO-029, FGF-5, G250, Ga733 (EpCAM), HTgp-175, M344, MA-50, MG7-Ag, MOV18, NB\170K, NY-CO-1, RCAS1, SDCCAG16, TA-90 (Mac-2 binding protein\cyclophilin C-associated protein), TAAL6, TAG72, TLP, TPS, tyrosinase related proteins, TRP-1, TRP-2, or cytomegalovirus phosphoprotein 65 (pp65).
  • 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixture of peptidogenic proteins are introduced into the animal by: a. administering the mixture of peptidogenic proteins to the animal;b. administering a mixture of polynucleotides encoding a mixture of peptidogenic proteins to the animal; and/orc. administering antigen presenting cells transfected with the mixture of polynucleotides and/or placed in contact with a mixture of peptidogenic proteins.
  • 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the peptidogenic proteins are derived: a. from the same starting protein; orb. from multiple starting proteins; orc. from multiple related starting proteins.
  • 10. (canceled)
  • 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the polynucleotides are: a. synthesized in vitro; orb. DNA; orc. in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA; ord. IVT mRNA comprising a poly(A) tail; ore. IVT mRNA comprising a 5′ Cap,and preferably wherein the polynucleotides are: 1) not associated with any targeting components; or2) are associated with a targeting component capable of targeting the polynucleotides to a cell or an organ; or3) are associated with a targeting component capable of targeting the polynucleotides to a cell or an organ, wherein the targeting component is a vector.
  • 12. (canceled)
  • 13. A non-human animal used in the method of claim 1.
  • 14. The method of claim 1 wherein the animal is a mammal, a human, mouse, rabbit, llama, or a cow.
  • 15. The method of claim 8, wherein the animal is injected with the polynucleotides, and preferably wherein the polynucleotide is a. injected directly into the muscle of the animal; and/orb. injected into the animal on multiple occasions.
  • 16. (canceled)
  • 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the immune response generates antibodies.
  • 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the method further comprises isolating the antibodies.
  • 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the antibodies are fully human antibodies, chimeric antibodies, humanized antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, and/or polyclonal antibodies, preferably wherein the polyclonal antibodies are further fractionated to obtain a single, isolated antibody species.
  • 20. The antibodies produced by the method of claim 17.
  • 21. (canceled)
  • 22. (canceled)
  • 23. The method of claim 17, wherein the antibody is affinity matured, preferably wherein the affinity maturation occurs by: a. phage display, yeast display or ribosome display; orb. a panning technique.
  • 24. (canceled)
  • 25. (canceled)
  • 26. A polynucleotide encoding the antibody of claim 20.
  • 27. The polynucleotide of claim 26 further comprising a heterologous promoter and/or vector sequence.
  • 28. (canceled)
  • 29. A host cell comprising the polynucleotide of claim 26.
  • 30. A mixture of polynucleotides encoding a mixture of peptidogenic proteins.
  • 31. The mixture of polynucleotides of claim 30, wherein the polynucleotides: a. encode a mixture of peptidogenic proteins derived from the same starting protein; orb. encode a mixture of peptidogenic proteins derived from multiple starting proteins; orc. encode a mixture of peptidogenic proteins derived from multiple related starting proteins; ord. are synthesized in vitro; ore. are DNA; orf. are in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA; org. are IVT mRNA comprising a poly(A) tail; orh. are IVT mRNA comprising a 5′ Cap.
  • 32. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixture of peptidogenic proteins further comprises the starting protein.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This Application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application 62/207,022, filed Aug. 19, 2015, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

PCT Information
Filing Document Filing Date Country Kind
PCT/US2016/047620 8/18/2016 WO 00
Provisional Applications (1)
Number Date Country
62207022 Aug 2015 US