Claims
- 1. A process for improving the performance characteristics of a catalyst, comprising the steps of:
a) providing precursors for a mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula JjMmNnYyZzOo wherein J is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo and W, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of V and Ce, N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te, Sb and Se, Y is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Ti, Al, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ni, Pt, Sb, Bi, B, In, As, Ge, Sn, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Hf, Pb, P, Pm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, and Z is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Pd, Cu, Ag and Au; and wherein, when j=1, m=0.01 to 1.0, n=0.01 to 1.0, y=0.01 to 1.0, z=0.001 to 0.1 and o is dependent on the oxidation state of the other elements; b) adding a source of NOx to said precursors to form an admixture; and c) calcining said admixture while said NOx is present in said admixture.
- 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein said source of NOx is selected from nitric acid, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrite, NO, NO2 or a mixture thereof.
- 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein said source of NOx is nitric acid.
- 4. The process according to claim 1, wherein said providing step (a) includes forming an admixture of metal compounds, at least one of which contains oxygen, in at least one solvent.
- 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein said adding step (b) includes adding said source of NOx in a gaseous state.
- 6. A process for producing an unsaturated carboxylic acid, which comprises subjecting an alkane or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene to a vapor phase catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst containing a mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula
- 7. The process according to claim 6, wherein said source of NOx is selected from nitric acid, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrite, NO, NO2 or a mixture thereof.
- 8. The process according to claim 6, wherein said source of NOx is nitric acid.
- 9. A process for producing an unsaturated nitrile, which comprises subjecting an alkane, or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene, and ammonia to a vapor phase catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst containing a mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula
- 10. The process according to claim 9, wherein said source of NOx is selected from nitric acid, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrite, NO, NO2 or a mixture thereof.
- 11. The process according to claim 9, wherein said source of NOx is nitric acid.
- 12. An improved catalyst composition, comprising a mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This non-provisional application is a continuation-in-part of non-provisional U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/116,241 filed Apr. 4, 2002, now allowed, benefit of which is claimed under 35 U.S.C. §120 and which in turn claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. provisional Application No. 60/283,260 filed Apr. 12, 2001, priority benefit of which is also claimed for the present continuation-in-part application.
Provisional Applications (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60283260 |
Apr 2001 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
10116241 |
Apr 2002 |
US |
Child |
10731523 |
Dec 2003 |
US |