The present invention relates to a numerical control apparatus.
Patent Literature 1 describes that a laptop has a liquid crystal display that is attached to the inner surface of the cover and a keyboard and an auxiliary liquid crystal display that are mounted on the top surface of the chassis, with the auxiliary liquid crystal display being smaller than the liquid crystal display. Thus, according to Patent Literature 1, a specific text stored in a memory can be displayed on the auxiliary liquid crystal display during an editing operation by a word processor; therefore, the efficiency of the editing operation by the word processor can be improved.
Patent Literature 2 describes that a word processor is configured such that an auxiliary display, which is provided with a touch panel on its surface, is rotatably attached to the lower portion of the main display chassis, to which a main display is fixed, and a tilt dial for rotating the auxiliary display projects from the front and back surfaces of the auxiliary display. Thus, according to Patent Literature 2, even with the main display chassis closed, a printing function can be performed by displaying the surface of the auxiliary display by rotating the tilt dial and then pressing the touch panel.
On the other hand, a numerical control (Numerical Control: hereinafter referred to as NC) apparatus exists that includes a display unit and a keyboard unit. The display unit displays a screen that indicates the state of the NC apparatus and the keyboard unit is used to perform a screen operation via keystrokes. In such an NC apparatus, the input keys (for example, alphanumeric keys) on the keyboard unit are uniquely defined depending on the hardware and the screen operation is performed by using the defined input keys. Therefore, there is a tendency for the number of keystrokes to be large and the operability to be low.
Moreover, an NC apparatus exists that includes an object for a keyboard as a touch panel on a display unit and with which a user can intuitively perform an operation by displaying a screen and performing the screen operation on the same unit (display unit). In such an NC apparatus, because the object for a keyboard occupies part of the display screen, the amount of information that can be displayed on the screen is limited and therefore the operability tends to be low.
In Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2, it is assumed that an apparatus such as a laptop or a word processor for inputting text is used and there is no description of how to improve the operability when a machine tool is controlled by an NC apparatus (numerical control apparatus).
The present invention is achieved in view of the above and an object of the present invention is to obtain a numerical control apparatus capable of improving the operability when a machine tool is controlled.
In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the numerical control apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention controls a machine tool and includes a display unit that includes a main display screen, a keyboard unit that includes a plurality of input keys and an auxiliary display screen on an operation surface, and a display control unit that displays first machine-related information related to the machine tool on the main display screen and displays second machine-related information related to the machine tool on the auxiliary display screen. The keyboard unit includes a display input unit that receives an input instruction by using the auxiliary display screen as a touch panel.
According to the present invention, an input instruction corresponding to a plurality of inputs via the input keys can be performed by one input via the touch panel; therefore, the number of inputs with respect to an input instruction can be reduced. The objects for the touch panel do not occupy any part of the main display screen; therefore, the amount of information that can be displayed on the screen can be maintained. Thus, the number of screen transitions necessary to handle a predetermined amount of information can be reduced. As a result, the operability when controlling a machine tool can be improved.
Embodiments of a numerical control apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. This invention is not limited to these embodiments.
A numerical control apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment will be explained with reference to
The numerical control apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as NC apparatus) 1 numerically controls the operation of a machine tool M (a tool attached thereto). For example, the NC apparatus 1 controls machining of a workpiece W by the machine tool M.
Specifically, the NC apparatus 1 includes a main control unit 50, a display unit 10, a keyboard unit 20, an input control unit 40, a display control unit 30, a storing unit 70, a screen coordinate calculating unit 60, and a driving unit 80.
The main control unit 50 performs overall control of the display unit 10, the keyboard unit 20, the input control unit 40, the display control unit 30, the screen coordinate calculating unit 60, the storing unit 70, and the driving unit 80.
The display unit 10 includes a main display screen 11a on a main surface 10a that faces a user when the user uses the NC apparatus 1 (see
The keyboard unit 20 includes a plurality of input keys 21 and an auxiliary display screen 22a on an operation surface 20a that is operated by a user when the user uses the NC apparatus 1 (see
Specifically, the keyboard unit 20 includes the input keys 21 and an auxiliary display unit 22. The input keys 21 receive a predetermined instruction from a user in accordance with the key that is pressed. The input keys 21 include, for example, a plurality of alphanumeric keys and other predetermined keys (see
The auxiliary display unit 22 displays, on the auxiliary display screen 22a, an image in accordance with an image signal supplied from the display control unit 30. For example, the auxiliary display unit 22 displays second machine-related information related to the machine tool M. The second machine-related information includes, for example, a plurality of button objects linked to the first machine-related information (see
Moreover, the auxiliary display unit 22 includes a touch panel sensor (display input unit) 22b. The touch panel sensor 22b receives an input instruction by using the auxiliary display screen 22a as a touch panel. For example, a user operates the NC apparatus 1 by pressing a predetermined portion on the auxiliary display screen 22a while checking the display content on the main display screen 11a. For example, the touch panel sensor 22b receives an input instruction corresponding to the pressed button object among a plurality of button objects (see
When any of the input keys 21 are pressed, the input control unit 40 detects which key is pressed and supplies pressed-key information, which indicates which key is pressed, to the main control unit 50. The main control unit 50 performs control in accordance with the pressed-key information.
Moreover, when any portion on the auxiliary display screen 22a is pressed, the input control unit 40 detects which portion on the auxiliary display screen 22a is pressed via the touch panel sensor 22b and supplies pressed-touch-panel information, which indicates which portion is pressed, to the main control unit 50. The main control unit 50 performs control in accordance with the pressed-touch-panel information.
The display control unit 30 controls each of the information to be displayed on the main display screen 11a and the information to be displayed on the auxiliary display screen 22a in accordance with the control performed by the main control unit 50. Specifically, the display control unit 30 generates main display data 71 to be displayed on the main display screen 11a, converts the main display data 71 to an image signal for display, and supplies the converted image signal for display to the main display unit 11. In addition, the display control unit 30 generates auxiliary display data 72 to be displayed on the auxiliary display screen 22a, converts the auxiliary display data 72 to an image signal for display, and supplies the converted image signal for display to the auxiliary display unit 22. Thus, the display control unit 30 displays the first machine-related information related to the machine tool M on the main display screen 11a and displays the second machine-related information related to the machine tool M on the auxiliary display screen 22a.
The storing unit 70 stores the machining program 73 used when the NC apparatus 1 controls machining of the workpiece W by the machine tool M. For example, a motion trajectory of the machine tool M is contained within the machining program 73.
Moreover, the storing unit 70 is also used as a predetermined working area. For example, the storing unit 70 stores the main display data 71 generated by the display control unit 30 as data to be displayed on the main display screen 11a and stores the auxiliary display data 72 generated by the display control unit 30 as data to be displayed on the auxiliary display screen 22a. Furthermore, the storing unit 70 stores input instruction data 74 generated by the main control unit 50 as data that indicates the association between a plurality of coordinates on the auxiliary display screen 22a and a plurality of input instructions.
The screen coordinate calculating unit 60 receives the pressed-touch-panel information from the input control unit 40 via the main control unit 50 and calculates and specifies the coordinates on the auxiliary display screen 22a indicated by the pressed-touch-panel information. Moreover, the screen coordinate calculating unit 60 reads the input instruction data 74 from the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and calculates and specifies a plurality of coordinates included in the input instruction data 74. The screen coordinate calculating unit 60 compares the coordinates on the auxiliary display screen 22a indicated by the pressed-touch-panel information with a plurality of coordinates included in the input instruction data 74. The screen coordinate calculating unit 60 determines whether the coordinate position indicated by the pressed-touch-panel information is included within a predetermined radius centered on any of a plurality of coordinates included in the input instruction data 74 in the whole region of the auxiliary display screen 22a. When the coordinate position indicated by the pressed-touch-panel information is included within the predetermined radius centered on the coordinates that are associated with a predetermined input instruction and are included in the input instruction data 74, the screen coordinate calculating unit 60 determines that the predetermined input instruction has been received.
Consequently, the screen coordinate calculating unit 60 supplies the input instruction received by the touch panel sensor 22b to the main control unit 50 as touch-panel-input-instruction information. Due to the touch-panel-input-instruction information being supplied, the main control unit 50 recognizes that the input instruction in accordance with the touch-panel-input-instruction information has been received via the touch panel sensor 22b.
The driving unit 80 drives the machine tool M such that machining of the workpiece W by the machine tool M is performed in accordance with the control performed by the main control unit 50. Specifically, the driving unit 80 includes a drive amplifier 81. The driving unit 80 receives an instruction to drive the machine tool M from the main control unit 50, generates a drive signal by amplifying the received instruction by using the drive amplifier 81, and supplies it to the machine tool M. Consequently, the machine tool M is driven.
Next, an explanation is given with reference to
In Step S1 illustrated in
When the machining program 73 being edited is not stored in the storing unit 70, the main control unit 50 supplies information indicating the absence of the machining program 73 being edited to the display control unit 30. Consequently, the display control unit 30 generates, as the main display data 71, an editing screen 11a1 for the machining program 73 in the initial state.
In contrast, when the machining program 73 being edited is stored in the storing unit 70, the main control unit 50 supplies the information on the machining program 73 being edited to the display control unit 30. Consequently, the display control unit 30 generates, as the main display data 71, the editing screen 11a1 for the machining program 73 by including the information on the machining program 73 being edited.
Then, the display control unit 30 stores the main display data 71 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50, converts the main display data 71 to an image signal for display, and supplies it to the main display unit 11. Consequently, the main display unit 11 starts the editing screen 11a1 for the machining program 73 and displays it on the main display screen 11a. At this point, the main display unit 11 displays a cursor (for example, the black square object illustrated in
In Step S2, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a plurality of button objects corresponding to a plurality of codes that are candidates to be added next to the machining program 73 are displayed on the auxiliary display screen 22a.
For example, when the machining program 73 being edited is not stored in the storing unit 70, the main control unit 50 predicts a plurality of codes that are candidates to be added next to the machining program 73 in the initial state on the basis of the NC parameters set to specify the machine tool M that is a control target. The main control unit 50 supplies the predicted codes to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, a plurality of button objects (not illustrated) corresponding to the codes. The display control unit 30 stores the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50, converts the auxiliary display data 72 to an image signal for display, and supplies it to the auxiliary display unit 22. Consequently, the auxiliary display unit 22 displays, on the auxiliary display screen 22a, a plurality of button objects (candidate codes that are expected to be input first) as information linked to the description (blank description) at the position of the cursor 11a2 on the editing screen 11a1 for the machining program 73 in the initial state.
In contrast, for example, when the machining program 73 being edited is stored in the storing unit 70, the main control unit 50 predicts a plurality of codes that are candidates to be added next to the machining program 73 being edited on the basis of the description of the last portion in the machining program 73 being edited. For example, the main control unit 50 predicts G codes “G4”, “G40”, “G41”, “G42”, and “G43” as candidates to be added next to the machining program 73 being edited (see
Moreover, for example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the cursor 11a2 on the editing screen 11a1 for the machining program 73 is moved via the input keys 21, the main control unit 50 predicts a plurality of new codes that are candidates to be added next to the machining program 73 being edited on the basis of the description of the portion at which the moved cursor 11a2 is present. The main control unit 50 supplies the predicted codes to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, a plurality of button objects (not illustrated) corresponding to the codes. The display control unit 30 stores the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50, converts the auxiliary display data 72 to an image signal for display, and supplies it to the auxiliary display unit 22. Consequently, the auxiliary display unit 22 displays the button objects 22a1 to 22a5 (which are dynamically changed) on the auxiliary display screen 22a as information linked to the description at the position of the cursor 11a2 on the editing screen 11a1 for the machining program 73 being edited.
In Step S3, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a character string that is expected to be input next to the code corresponding to the selected button object is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 22a.
For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that one of the button objects is selected via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 predicts a character string that is expected to be input next to the code corresponding to the selected button object. For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the button object 22a5 corresponding to the G code “G43” is selected via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the button object 22a5 is selected. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls the auxiliary display unit 22 such that it displays an indication that the button object 22a5 is selected (for example, by highlighting the button object 22a5 as illustrated in
In addition, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the button object 22a5 corresponding to the G code “G43” is selected, the main control unit 50 predicts a program instruction format “Z F;” of the G43 as a character string that is expected to be input next to the G code “G43”. The main control unit 50 supplies the predicted character string “Z F;” to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, a button object 22a6 (see
Moreover, for example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that a different new button object among the button objects is selected via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 predicts a new character string that is expected to be input next to the code corresponding to the selected button object. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls the auxiliary display unit 22 such that it displays an indication that a different new button object is selected (for example, by highlighting the different button object).
In addition, the main control unit 50 supplies the predicted character string to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, a button object (not illustrated) corresponding to the character string. The display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50, converts the auxiliary display data 72 to an image signal for display, and supplies it to the auxiliary display unit 22. Consequently, the auxiliary display unit 22 displays, on the auxiliary display screen 22a, the button object 22a6 (which is dynamically changed) that is linked to the description at the position of the cursor 11a2 on the editing screen 11a1 for the machining program 73 on the main display screen 11a and the button objects 22a1 to 22a5 on the auxiliary display screen 22a.
In Step S4, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a value is input to the character string displayed on the auxiliary display screen 22a in Step S3.
For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the portion “ ” after “Z” in the character string “Z F;” on the auxiliary display screen 22a is pressed via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the portion “ ” after “Z” is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls the auxiliary display unit 22 such that it displays an indication that a value can be input to the pressed portion “ ”, i.e., the instruction value of Z can be input (for example, by displaying the portion “ ” with a black square).
Then, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that, for example, “50.” is input as the instruction value of Z via the input keys 21, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 of the instruction value “50.” of Z. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls the auxiliary display unit 22 such that it displays an indication that “50.” is input to the pressed portion “ ”, i.e., “50.” is input as the instruction value of Z (for example, by displaying “Z50. F;”).
For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the portion “ ” after “F” in the character string “Z50. F” on the auxiliary display screen 22a is pressed via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the portion “ ” after “F” is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls the auxiliary display unit 22 such that it displays an indication that a value can be input to the pressed portion “ ”, i.e., the instruction value of F can be input (for example, by displaying the portion “ ” with a black square).
Then, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that, for example, “1000” is input as the instruction value of F via the input keys 21, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 of the instruction value “1000” of F. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls the auxiliary display unit 22 such that it displays an indication that “1000” is input to the pressed portion “ ”, i.e., “1000” is input as the instruction value of F (for example, by displaying “Z50. F1000;” as illustrated in
Furthermore, when the main control unit 50 detects that the button object 22a6 is pressed (for example, a portion other than the instruction value of Z and the instruction value of F in the button object 22a6 is pressed) via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that the character string “Z50. F1000;” on the auxiliary display screen 22a is also displayed on the main display screen 11a. In other words, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the button object 22a6 is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls the auxiliary display unit 22 such that it displays an indication that the button object 22a6 is selected (for example, by highlighting a button object 22a61 as illustrated in
In Step S5, the main control unit 50 determines whether there is another input.
For example, when the input control unit 40 detects that an end instruction to end the editing screen 11a1 for the machining program 73 has been received from a user via at least one of the input keys 21 and the touch panel sensor 22b, the input control unit 40 supplies the detected end instruction to the main control unit 50.
When the end instruction is supplied from the input control unit 40 within a predetermined time, the main control unit 50 determines that there is no other input and ends the process. When the end instruction is not supplied from the input control unit 40 within a predetermined time, the main control unit 50 determines that there is another input and returns the process to Step S2.
A case is considered here in which the keyboard unit 20 of the NC apparatus 1 does not include the auxiliary display screen 22a and the touch panel sensor 22b. In such a case, the input keys (for example, alphanumeric keys) on the keyboard unit 20 are uniquely defined depending on the hardware and the screen operation is performed by using the defined input keys. Therefore, there is a tendency for the number of keystrokes with respect to a predetermined input instruction to be large and the operability to be low.
In contrast, in the first embodiment, the keyboard unit 20 of the NC apparatus 1 includes the auxiliary display screen 22a and the touch panel sensor 22b. The touch panel sensor 22b receives an input instruction by using the auxiliary display screen 22a as a touch panel. Consequently, an input instruction corresponding to a plurality of inputs via the input keys can be performed by one input via the touch panel. Therefore, the number of inputs with respect to an input instruction can be reduced and thus the operability can be improved. In other words, the operability when controlling the machine tool M can be improved.
Specifically, the display control unit 30 displays, on the auxiliary display screen 22a, the button objects 22a1 to 22a5 linked to the first machine-related information on the main display screen 11a as part of the second machine-related information. The touch panel sensor 22b receives an input instruction corresponding to the pressed button object among the button objects 22a1 to 22a5. Consequently, an input instruction with respect to a button object corresponding to a plurality of inputs via the input keys can be performed by one input via the touch panel. Therefore, the number of inputs with respect to an input instruction can be reduced and thus the operability can be improved.
Particularly, the display control unit 30 displays the machining program 73 being edited on the main display screen 11a as the first machine-related information and displays the button objects 22a1 to 22a5 corresponding to a plurality of codes that are candidates to be added next to the machining program 73 being edited on the auxiliary display screen 22a as part of the second machine-related information. The touch panel sensor 22b receives an input instruction to input a code corresponding to the pressed button object among the button objects 22a1 to 22a5. Consequently, incorrect inputs (input of a description of an incorrect machining program instruction) can be reduced while reducing the number of inputs with respect to an input instruction.
Alternatively, a case is considered in which an NC apparatus 900 does not include the keyboard unit 20. In such a case, as illustrated in
In contrast, in the first embodiment, the objects for the touch panel do not occupy any part of the main display screen 11a; therefore, the amount of information that can be displayed on the screen can be maintained. In other words, the display control unit 30 displays the first machine-related information related to the machine tool M on the main display screen 11a and displays the second machine-related information related to the machine tool M on the auxiliary display screen 22a. Consequently, the number of screen transitions necessary to handle a predetermined amount of information can be reduced and thus the operability can be improved. In other words, the operability when controlling the machine tool M can be improved.
Specifically, the display control unit 30 displays the information linked to the first machine-related information on the auxiliary display screen 22a as the second machine-related information. Consequently, when it is necessary to check the second machine-related information that is the information related to the first machine-related information, the second machine-related information can be checked without performing a screen transition. Therefore, the necessary number of screen transitions can be reduced and thus the operability can be improved.
More specifically, the display control unit 30 displays the machining program 73 being edited on the main display screen 11a as the first machine-related information and displays the button objects 22a2 to 22a5 linked to the machining program 73 being edited on the auxiliary display screen 22a as part of the second machine-related information. Consequently, it is possible to reduce the necessity to transition to another screen to check a code added to the machining program 73; therefore, the operability can be improved.
Particularly, with the machining program 73 for controlling the machine tool M, a code to be used next (in the G code or the like) is easily narrowed down; therefore, it is possible to cover the codes that have a high probability of being used next and display them on the auxiliary display screen 22a as the button objects 22a1 to 22a5.
Furthermore, the display control unit 30 displays, on the auxiliary display screen 22a, a character string that is expected to be input next to the code corresponding to the selected button object as another part of the second machine-related information. Consequently, it is possible to reduce the necessity to transition to another screen to check a code to be added to the machining program 73 next to the code; therefore, the operability can be further improved.
Moreover, in the first embodiment, the keyboard unit 20 includes the input keys 21 and the auxiliary display screen 22a, which functions as a touch panel, on the operation surface 20a. Consequently, the operability can be improved when the input operation via the input keys 21 and the input operation via the touch panel sensor 22b are consecutively performed.
Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the auxiliary display screen 22a is arranged, for example, on the upper right of the operation surface 20a. Consequently, the distance between the main display screen 11a and the auxiliary display screen 22a can be reduced. Therefore, the operability can be improved when the main display screen 11a and the auxiliary display screen 22a are compared with each other. Moreover, even when a large number of input keys are arranged in the portion other than the auxiliary display screen 22a in the operation surface 20a, it is possible to reduce cases of the auxiliary display screen 22a being covered by a hand or an arm of a user when the user is operating the input keys. Thus, the operability can be improved when the display content of the auxiliary display screen 22a is checked while operating the input keys 21.
In the flowchart illustrated in
Next, an NC apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment will be explained with reference to
In Step S11 illustrated in
The display control unit 30 generates an NC state display screen 111a1 (see
In Step S12, the input control unit 40 detects that a display instruction to display machine coordinates has been received from a user via at least one of the input keys 21 and the touch panel sensor 22b. The input control unit 40 supplies the detected display instruction to the display control unit 30 via the main control unit 50.
The display control unit 30 generates machine coordinate information 122a1 (see
In Step S13, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a plurality of button objects linked to the machine coordinate information 122a1 are displayed on the auxiliary display screen 122a.
For example, the main control unit 50 predicts information candidates that are related to the machine coordinate information 122a1 and to which reference is made. For example, the main control unit 50 predicts “workpiece coordinates”, “program coordinates”, and “machine coordinates” as the information candidates that are related to the machine coordinate information 122a1 and to which reference is made (see
The main control unit 50 supplies a plurality of predicted information candidates to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, information that includes a plurality of button objects 122a2 to 122a4 (see
In Step S14, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that coordinates selected from among “workpiece coordinates”, “program coordinates”, and “machine coordinates” are displayed on the auxiliary display screen 122a.
For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that one button object is selected from among a plurality of button objects via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 obtains the coordinates corresponding to the selected button object. For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that “workpiece coordinates” are selected via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 calculates information on the workpiece coordinates by subtracting a workpiece coordinate offset value stored in the storing unit 70 from the machine coordinate value. The main control unit 50, for example, obtains “X 0.000 Y 1.000 Z 2.000” as information on the workpiece coordinates (see
Alternatively, for example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that “program coordinates” are selected via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 calculates information on the program coordinates by referring to the tool correction amount by which the tool is currently instructed to be corrected. The main control unit 50 supplies the obtained program coordinates to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50, converts the auxiliary display data 72 to an image signal for display, and supplies it to the auxiliary display unit 122. Consequently, the auxiliary display unit 122 displays program coordinate information (not illustrated) on the auxiliary display screen 122a instead of the machine coordinate information 122a1.
In Step S15, the main control unit 50 determines whether it is requested to display other coordinates.
For example, when the input control unit 40 detects that an end instruction to end the NC state display screen 111a1 has been received from a user via at least one of the input keys 21 and the touch panel sensor 22b, the input control unit 40 supplies the detected end instruction to the main control unit 50.
When the end instruction is supplied from the input control unit 40 within a predetermined time, the main control unit 50 determines that it is not requested to display other coordinates and ends the process. When the end instruction is not supplied from the input control unit 40 within a predetermined time, the main control unit 50 determines that it is requested to display other coordinates and returns the process to Step S14.
As described above, in the second embodiment also, the objects for the touch panel do not occupy the main display screen 111a; therefore, the amount of information that can be displayed on the screen can be maintained. In other words, the display control unit 30 displays the first machine-related information related to the machine tool M on the main display screen 111a and displays the second machine-related information related to the machine tool M on the auxiliary display screen 122a. Consequently, the number of screen transitions necessary to handle a predetermined amount of information can be reduced and thus the operability can be improved. In other words, the operability when controlling the machine tool M can be improved.
Specifically, the display control unit 30 displays the NC state display screen 111a1, which indicates the state of the drive amplifier 81 in the driving unit 80, on the main display screen 111a and displays the machine coordinate information 122a1, which indicates the coordinates of the machine tool M, on the auxiliary display screen 122a. Consequently, when it is necessary to check the coordinates of the machine tool M driven by the drive amplifier 81 at the same time as the state of the drive amplifier 81, both of them can be checked without causing the NC state display screen 111a1 on the main display screen 111a to transition to the machine coordinate screen. Therefore, the necessary number of screen transitions can be reduced and thus the operability can be improved.
Moreover, in the second embodiment, the display control unit 30 displays the button objects 122a2 to 122a4 linked to part of the second machine-related information (the machine coordinate information 122a1) on the auxiliary display screen 122a as another part of the second machine-related information. The touch panel sensor 22b receives an input instruction corresponding to the pressed button object among the button objects 122a2 to 122a4. Consequently, the coordinate value to be displayed on the auxiliary display screen 122a can be changed. In other words, when another coordinate value needs to be checked following the coordinates of the machine tool M, it can be checked without causing the NC state display screen 111a1 on the main display screen 111a to transition to the machine coordinate screen; therefore, the necessary number of screen transitions can be further reduced.
In the flowchart illustrated in
Next, an NC apparatus 200 according to the third embodiment will be explained with reference to
In Step S21 illustrated in
The display control unit 30 generates an I/F screen 211a1 (see
In Step S22, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a plurality of button objects linked to both the display content of the I/F screen 211a1 and I/F diagnostic information (a plurality of pieces of I/F diagnostic information 222a1 to 222a3 illustrated in
For example, the main control unit 50 predicts operation candidates that are needed for I/F diagnosis (Step S23 which will be described later). For example, the main control unit 50 predicts “register” and “deregister” as operation candidates that are needed for I/F diagnosis (see
In Step S23, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that the I/F diagnostic information 222a1 to 222a3 is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 222a.
For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the button object 222a4 for “register” is pressed among the button objects 222a4 to 222a5 via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 specifies devices X0000, Y0048, and X0018 at the cursor positions from among a plurality of devices X0000 to X0070 and Y0000 to Y0070 displayed on the I/F screen 211a1 as devices on which the I/F diagnosis needs to be performed, i.e., registering and deregistering need to be determined. The main control unit 50 supplies information on the specified devices X0000, Y0048, and X0018 to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, the I/F diagnostic information 222a1 to 222a3 (see
For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that a portion of data (for example, “00h”) of one piece of I/F diagnostic information among the I/F diagnostic information 222a1 to 222a3 is pressed via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 of the pressed I/F diagnostic information. For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that a portion of the I/F diagnostic information 222a3 is pressed via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the data portion of the I/F diagnostic information 222a3 is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls the auxiliary display unit 222 such that it displays an indication that a value can be input to the pressed data portion of the I/F diagnostic information 222a3 (for example, by highlighting the I/F diagnostic information 222a3).
Then, for example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that “20h” is input via the input keys 21 as a value of the data of the I/F diagnostic information 222a3 (change in data is set), the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 of the value “20h” of the data of the I/F diagnostic information 222a3. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls an auxiliary display unit 422 such that it displays an indication that “20h” is input instead of “00h” in the pressed data portion of the I/F diagnostic information 222a3 (in other words, displaying I/F diagnostic information 222a31 that includes the value “20h” as new data).
Then, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the button object 222a5 for “deregister” is pressed among the button objects 222a4 to 222a5 via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the button object 222a5 for “deregister” is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 deregisters the devices displayed on the auxiliary display screen 222a. In other words, the display control unit 30 deregisters the display of each piece of the I/F diagnostic information 222a1 to 222a3 on the auxiliary display screen 222a.
In Step S24, the main control unit 50 determines whether it is requested to perform I/F diagnosis on other devices.
For example, when the input control unit 40 detects that an end instruction to end the I/F screen 211a1 has been received from a user via at least one of the input keys 21 and the touch panel sensor 22b, the input control unit 40 supplies the detected end instruction to the main control unit 50.
When the end instruction is supplied from the input control unit 40 within a predetermined time, the main control unit 50 determines that it is not requested to display other coordinates and ends the process. When the end instruction is not supplied from the input control unit 40 within a predetermined time, the main control unit 50 determines that it is requested to display other coordinates and returns the process to Step S24.
As described above, in the third embodiment, the display control unit 30 displays, on the auxiliary display screen 222a, the button objects 222a4 to 222a5 linked to both the display content (first machine-related information) of the I/F screen 211a1 and the I/F diagnostic information 222a1 to 222a3 (part of the second machine-related information) as another part of the second machine-related information. The touch panel sensor 22b receives an input instruction corresponding to the pressed button object among the button objects 222a4 to 222a5. Consequently, it is possible to perform I/F diagnosis on a device that is selected from among a plurality of devices displayed on the I/F screen 211a1 and that is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 222a. As a result, the number of inputs with respect to an input instruction that is normally needed to check and change an input/output device can be reduced and the number of screen transitions that is normally needed to check and change an input/output device can be reduced.
In the flowchart illustrated in
Next, an NC apparatus 300 according to the fourth embodiment will be explained with reference to
In Step S31 illustrated in
The display control unit 30 generates a waveform display screen 311a1 (see
In Step S32, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a display object obtained by enlarging part of the display object 311a3 on the main display screen 311a is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 322a.
For example, the main control unit 50 specifies a partial display object, which is surrounded by the cursor 311a2, of the display object 311a3 displayed on the waveform display screen 311a1. The main control unit 50 supplies the specified partial display object to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, a display object 322a1 (see
Moreover, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the cursor 311a2 on the waveform display screen 311a1 is moved via the input keys 21, the main control unit 50 specifies a partial display object, which is surrounded by the cursor 311a2 after being moved, of the display object 311a3 displayed on the waveform display screen 311a1. The main control unit 50 supplies the specified partial display object to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, a display object (not illustrated) obtained by enlarging the partial display object such that it corresponds to the region that needs to be displayed on the auxiliary display screen 322a. The display control unit 30 stores the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50, converts the auxiliary display data 72 to an image signal for display, and supplies it to the auxiliary display unit 322. Consequently, the auxiliary display unit 322 displays the display object 322a1 on the auxiliary display screen 322a as a display object obtained by enlarging part of the display object on the waveform display screen 311a1.
In Step S33, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a plurality of button objects 322a2 to 322a4 linked to both the display object 311a3 on the main display screen 311a and the display object 322a1 on the auxiliary display screen 322a are displayed on the auxiliary display screen 322a.
For example, the main control unit 50 predicts operation candidates that are needed for displaying a waveform. For example, the main control unit 50 predicts “enlargement”, “reduction”, and “main” as operation candidates that are needed for I/F diagnosis (see
In Step S34, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a display object obtained by enlarging or reducing the display object 322a1 on the auxiliary display screen 322a is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 322a. Alternatively, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that the original display object 322a1 is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 322a after the display object 322a1 on the auxiliary display screen 322a is enlarged or reduced.
For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the button object 322a2 for “enlargement” is pressed among the button objects 322a2 to 322a4 via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the button object 322a2 for “enlargement” is pressed. In responds to this, the display control unit 30 further enlarges the display object 311a1 from the center of the region surrounded by the cursor 311a2 and displays it on the auxiliary display screen 322a1. At this point, both the cursor 311a2 and the display object 311a3 on the main display screen 311a are maintained in the state illustrated in
Alternatively, for example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the button object 322a3 for “reduction” is pressed among the button objects 322a2 to 322a4 via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the button object 322a3 for “reduction” is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 reduces the display object 311a1 from the center of the region surrounded by the cursor 311a2 and displays it on the auxiliary display screen 322a1 as a display object 322a11 (see
Alternatively, for example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the button object 322a4 for “main” is pressed among the button objects 322a2 to 322a4 via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the button object 322a4 for “main” is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 displays again, on the auxiliary display screen 322a1, the original display object 311a1, i.e., the display object 322a1 (see
In Step S35, the main control unit 50 determines whether it is requested to further check a waveform.
For example, when the input control unit 40 detects that an end instruction to end the waveform display screen 311a1 has been received from a user via at least one of the input keys 21 and the touch panel sensor 22b, the input control unit 40 supplies the detected end instruction to the main control unit 50.
When the end instruction is supplied from the input control unit 40 within a predetermined time, the main control unit 50 determines that it is not requested to display other coordinates and ends the process. When the end instruction is not supplied from the input control unit 40 within a predetermined time, the main control unit 50 determines that it is requested to display other coordinates and returns the process to Step S34.
As described above, in the fourth embodiment, the display control unit 30 displays the display object 311a3 on the main display screen 311a as the first machine-related information and displays the display object 322a1 corresponding to part of the display object 311a3 on the auxiliary display screen 322a as the second machine-related information. In other words, the display control unit 30 displays, on the auxiliary display screen 322a, the display object (partial waveform) 322a1, which is obtained by enlarging part of the display object (the entire waveform) 311a3 on the main display screen 311a. Consequently, the enlarged partial waveform can be checked while checking the whole image of the displayed waveform.
Moreover, in the fourth embodiment, the display control unit 30 displays, on the auxiliary display screen 322a, the button objects 322a2 to 322a4 linked to both the display object 311a3 (first machine-related information) on the main display screen 311a and the display object 322a1 (part of the second machine-related information) on the auxiliary display screen 322a as another part of the second machine-related information. The touch panel sensor 22b receives an input instruction corresponding to the pressed button object among the button objects 322a2 to 322a4. Consequently, it is possible to check the display object 322a1, which is selected from the display object 311a3 displayed on the waveform display screen 311a1 and is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 322a, by enlarging or reducing it and to restore the display object 322a1 to its original state (by canceling the operation performed on the auxiliary display screen 322a). As a result, the number of inputs with respect to an input instruction needed to check a waveform can be reduced and the number of screen transitions needed to check a waveform can be reduced.
In the flowchart illustrated in
Next, an NC apparatus 400 according to the fifth embodiment will be explained with reference to
In Step S41 illustrated in
The display control unit 30 generates a parameter screen 411a1 (see
In Step S42, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that information linked to the display content of the parameter screen 411a1 is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 422a.
For example, a parameter of the NC has a plurality of relevant parameters, and when a new function is added, new parameter numbers are attached; therefore, the relevant parameters are often displayed on a different screen. The main control unit 50 predicts parameters relevant to the parameter displayed at the position at which the cursor 411a2 is present on the parameter screen 411a1. For example, the main control unit 50 predicts “#1206 G1bF”, “#1207 G1btL”, and “#1568 SfiltG1” as parameters relevant to “corner deceleration angle” on the parameter screen 411a1. The main control unit 50 obtains “1”, “50”, and “30” as values of the predicted parameters “#1206 G1bF”, “#1207 G1btL”, and “#1568 SfiltG1”, respectively. The main control unit 50 supplies the information on the predicted parameters and the information on the values to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, a plurality of pieces of relevant parameter information 422a1 to 422a3 (see
In Step S43, the display control unit 30 is controlled such that the relevant parameter information 422a1 to 422a3 and the value information 422a4 to 422a6 displayed on the auxiliary display unit 422 in Step S42 are edited.
For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the portion “30” of the value information 422a6 with respect to the relevant parameter information 422a3 “#1568 SfiltG1” on the auxiliary display screen 422a is pressed via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the portion “ ” after “Z” is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls the auxiliary display unit 422 such that it displays an indication that a value can be input to the pressed portion “30” of the value information 422a6 (for example, by highlighting “30”).
Then, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that, for example, “0” is input as a value of “#1568 SfiltG1” via the input keys 21, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 of the value “0” of “#1568 SfiltG1”. In response to this, the display control unit 30 updates the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and controls the auxiliary display unit 422 such that it displays an indication that “0” is input to the pressed portion “30” of the value information 422a6 (in other words, displaying new value information 422a61).
In Step S44, the main control unit 50 determines whether it is requested to perform further editing.
For example, when the input control unit 40 detects that an end instruction to end the parameter screen 411a1 has been received from a user via at least one of the input keys 21 and the touch panel sensor 22b, the input control unit 40 supplies the detected end instruction to the main control unit 50.
When the end instruction is supplied from the input control unit 40 within a predetermined time, the main control unit 50 determines that it is not requested to perform further editing and ends the process. When the end instruction is not supplied from the input control unit 40 within a predetermined time, the main control unit 50 determines that it is requested to perform further editing and returns the process to Step S43.
As described above, in the fifth embodiment, the display control unit 30 displays, on the auxiliary display screen 422a, information linked to the display content (first machine-related information) of the parameter screen 411a1 as the second machine-related information. In other words, the display control unit 30 displays a parameter (first parameter) of the NC selected on the parameter screen 411a1 as the first machine-related information and displays, on the auxiliary display screen 422a, the relevant parameter information 422a1 to 422a3 (a plurality of second parameters) and the value information 422a4 to 422a6, which are relevant to the parameter of the NC, as the second machine-related information. Consequently, when parameters relevant to a parameter of the NC need to be checked at the same time as the parameter of the NC, both of them can be checked without causing the parameter screen 411a1 on the main display screen 411a to transition to the relevant parameter screen. Therefore, the necessary number of screen transitions can be reduced and thus the operability can be improved.
Next, an NC apparatus 500 according to the sixth embodiment will be explained with reference to
In Step S51 illustrated in
The display control unit 30 generates a predetermined screen 511a1 (see
In Step S52, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a display object on the main display screen 511a, i.e., a display object obtained by reducing the whole of the predetermined screen 511a1, is displayed on (copied to) the auxiliary display screen 522a.
For example, the main control unit 50 specifies a display object (the whole of the predetermined screen 511a1) on the main display screen 511a. The main control unit 50 supplies the specified display object (the whole of the predetermined screen 511a1) to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, a display object 522a1 (see
In Step S53, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a plurality of button objects 522a3 to 522a5 linked to the display object 522a1 on the auxiliary display screen 522a are displayed on the auxiliary display screen 522a.
For example, the main control unit 50 predicts operation candidates that are needed for the display object 522a1. For example, the main control unit 50 predicts “enlargement”, “reduction”, and “main” as operation candidates that are needed for checking the predetermined screen 511a1 (see
After the button objects 522a3 to 522a5 are displayed, the process in Step S54 and the process in Step S55 are performed in parallel.
In Step S54, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that another screen (not illustrated) is displayed on the main display screen 511a. In other words, in Step S54, a user checks another screen on the main display screen 511a.
For example, the input control unit 40 detects that a transition instruction to transition to another screen has been received from a user via at least one of the input keys 21 and the touch panel sensor 22b. The input control unit 40 supplies the detected transition instruction to the display control unit 30 via the main control unit 50.
The display control unit 30 generates another screen as the main display data 71 in accordance with the supplied transition instruction. Then, the display control unit 30 updates the main display data 71 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50, converts the main display data 71 to an image signal for display, and supplies it to the main display unit 511. Consequently, the main display unit 511 displays another screen on the main display screen 511a.
In Step S55, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a display object obtained by enlarging or reducing the display object 522a1 on the auxiliary display screen 522a is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 522a. In other words, in Step S55, a user checks a predetermined screen on the auxiliary display screen 522a.
For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that a portion 522a2 of the display object 522a1 is pressed via the touch panel sensor 22b and the button object 522a3 for “enlargement” is pressed, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 of the position of the portion 522a2 and notifies the display control unit 30 that the button object 522a3 for “enlargement” is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 further enlarges the display object 522a1 centered on the position of the portion 522a2 and displays it on the auxiliary display screen 522a as a display object 522a11 (see
Alternatively, for example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the portion 522a2 of the display object 522a1 is pressed via the touch panel sensor 22b and the button object 522a4 for “reduction” is pressed, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 of the position of the portion 522a2 and notifies the display control unit 30 that the button object 522a4 for “reduction” is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 further reduces the display object 522a1 centered on the position of the portion 522a2 and displays it on the auxiliary display screen 522a. At this point, the display control unit 30 stores in the storing unit 70 the data of the original display object 522a1 before being enlarged or reduced as backup data (not illustrated) via the main control unit 50.
Then, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the button object 522a5 for “main” is pressed via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 determines that both the process in Step S54 and the process in Step S55 are finished.
In Step S56, the main control unit 50 controls the display control unit 30 such that a display object obtained by enlarging the display object 522a1 on the auxiliary display screen 522a is displayed on (returned and copied to) the main display screen 511a again.
For example, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the button object 522a5 for “main” is pressed among the button objects 522a3 to 522a5 via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the button object 522a5 for “main” is pressed. In response to this, the display control unit 30 reads the backup data from the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and displays the original display object (the whole of the predetermined screen 511a1) on the main display screen 511a again. In other words, the display control unit 30 displays again, on the main display screen 511a, a display object (the predetermined screen 511a1) that is restored on the basis of the backup data and is obtained by enlarging the display object 522a1 on the auxiliary display screen 522a such that it corresponds to the region that needs to be displayed on the main display screen 511a.
As described above, in the sixth embodiment, the display control unit 30 displays the display object 522a1, which is obtained by reducing the whole of the display object (the whole of the predetermined screen 511a1) on the main display screen 511a, on the auxiliary display screen 522a. In other words, after the display control unit 30 displays the display object 522a1, which is obtained by reducing the whole of the display object (the whole of the predetermined screen 511a1) on the main display screen 511a, on the auxiliary display screen 522a, the display control unit 30 displays, on the main display screen 511a again, a display object (the whole of the predetermined screen 511a1) obtained by enlarging the display object 522a1 on the auxiliary display screen 522a. Consequently, the content that was copied once to the auxiliary display screen 522a can be returned to the main display screen 511a. In other words, after another screen is referred to after a frequently referenced screen is checked, if it is necessary to return to the frequently referenced screen and check the screen, the frequently referenced screen does not need to be searched for by causing the screen on the main display screen 511a to transition. Therefore, the necessary number of screen transitions can be reduced and thus the operability can be improved.
Moreover, in the sixth embodiment, the process of displaying and checking another screen on the main display screen 511a and the process of checking the display object 522a1 displayed on the auxiliary display unit 522 by enlarging or reducing the display object 522a1 are performed in parallel. Consequently, when another screen needs to be referred to while checking the screen that is always referred to, the necessary number of screen transitions can be reduced and thus the operability can be improved.
In Step S56, the display control unit 30 may cause the state to transition from the state where the first machine-related information is displayed on the main display screen 511a and the second machine-related information is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 522a to the state where the second machine-related information is displayed on the main display screen 511a and the first machine-related information is displayed on the auxiliary display screen 522a.
For example, the main control unit 50 specifies a display object (the whole of another screen) on the main display screen 511a. The main control unit 50 supplies the specified display object (the whole of another screen) to the display control unit 30. The display control unit 30 generates, as the auxiliary display data 72, a display object (not illustrated) obtained by reducing the display object (the whole of another screen) such that it corresponds to the region that needs to be displayed on the auxiliary display screen 522a. The display control unit 30 stores the auxiliary display data 72 in the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50, converts the auxiliary display data 72 to an image signal for display, and supplies it to the auxiliary display unit 522. Consequently, the auxiliary display unit 522 displays, on the auxiliary display screen 522a, the display object obtained by reducing the whole of the display object (the whole of another screen) on the main display screen 511a.
In addition, when the main control unit 50 recognizes that the button object 522a5 for “main” is pressed among the button objects 522a3 to 522a5 via the touch panel sensor 22b, the main control unit 50 notifies the display control unit 30 that the button object 522a5 for “main” is pressed. In responds to this, the display control unit 30 reads the backup data from the storing unit 70 via the main control unit 50 and displays the original display object (the whole of the predetermined screen 511a1) on the main display screen 511a again.
As described above, the process of returning and copying a display object on the auxiliary display screen 522a to the main display screen 511a and the process of copying a display object on the main display screen 511a to the auxiliary display screen 522a are performed in parallel. Therefore, after a frequently referenced screen is checked, another screen is referred to, and then the screen is returned to the frequently referenced screen and the frequently referenced screen is checked, if another screen needs to be referred to again, it is not necessary to search for another screen by causing the screen on the main display screen 511a to transition. Therefore, the necessary number of screen transitions can be reduced and thus the operability can be improved.
As described above, the numerical control apparatus according to the present invention is useful for controlling a machine tool.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/JP2010/071586 | 12/2/2010 | WO | 00 | 5/31/2013 |