The present application claims the benefits of priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0160488, filed on Nov. 25, 2022 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0081591, filed on Jun. 26, 2023 in the Republic of Korea, the entire contents of which are hereby expressly incorporated by reference into the present application.
The present invention relates to an offset free differential amplifier, and more particularly, to an offset free differential amplifier that performs at least one of an auto zero method and a chopping method which are methods of removing offset using a plurality of switches connected to input and output terminals of the differential amplifier.
A differential amplifier amplifies a difference in voltage applied to two input terminals by a pre-designed gain and outputs the amplified voltage. In general, an operational amplifier and a differential amplifier are used interchangeably, so the differential amplifier and an amplifier to be described below may be understood as a concept including the operational amplifier.
A voltage level and names (node, Vout) of members of a node or a terminal Vout are used interchangeably. For example, a name of a specific node Vout (or a specific terminal) and a voltage level Vout of a specific node will be written as Vout.
Referring to the equivalent model of the differential amplifier illustrated in
V
out
=A(Vin1−Vin2) [Equation 1]
Referring to the above Equation 1, when the difference between the two input voltages Vin1−Vin2 is 0 (zero), that is, when the voltage levels Vin1 and Vin2 of the two input voltages are the same, the output voltage Vout should be 0, but the actual output voltage Vout of the differential amplifier does not become 0.
The differential amplifier is implemented using a plurality of elements such as a plurality of transistors, resistors, and capacitors. During manufacturing of these elements, a mismatch of the elements caused by asymmetry between the plurality of elements that constitute an input stage of the differential amplifier is the main cause of the output voltage Vout not being 0.
FIG. is a graph for describing a concept of an offset voltage of a differential amplifier.
Referring to a graph illustrating the relationship with an output voltage Vout according to a difference Vin1−Vin2 in voltage between two input terminals of a differential amplifier illustrated in
The offset voltage of the differential amplifier has different values depending on the manufacturing process of the differential amplifier, and even for the differential amplifiers manufactured by the same manufacturing process, a size of the offset voltage is different, so it is impossible for a circuit designer to uniformly select the compensation of the offset voltage. However, in order to implement electrical characteristics of the circuit to be achieved, the offset of the differential amplifier included in the circuit should be supplemented or canceled within the circuit.
The present invention provides an offset free differential amplifier capable of removing the offset of the differential amplifier by selectively using at least one of an auto zero method and a chopping method.
The present invention provides an offset free method of a differential amplifier capable of removing the offset of the differential amplifier by selectively using at least one of an auto zero method and a chopping method.
Objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects. That is, other objects that are not mentioned may be obviously understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the following description.
According to an aspect of the present invention, an offset free differential amplifier includes a differential amplifier; a chopping switch unit that is connected to two input terminals and one output terminal of the differential amplifier in response to a chopping control signal and removes an average offset of the differential amplifier; and an auto-zero switch unit that is connected to the differential amplifier and the chopping switch unit in response to an auto-zero switch control signal and removes an absolute offset of the differential amplifier.
According to another aspect of the present invention, an offset free method of a differential amplifier relates to an offset free method of a differential amplifier including differential amplifier, a chopping switch unit, and an auto-zero switch unit, the offset free method including at least one of removing an average offset of the differential amplifier and removing an absolute offset of the differential amplifier using the chopping switch unit and the auto-zero switch unit. The chopping switch unit includes a first transmission gate that electrically connects or disconnects a signal input terminal and a positive input terminal of the differential amplifier in response to a first chopping control signal; a second transmission gate that electrically connects or disconnects a first node and a negative input terminal of the differential amplifier in response to a second chopping control signal; a third transmission gate that electrically connects or disconnects the positive input terminal of the differential amplifier and the output terminal of the differential amplifier in response to an inverse first chopping control signal that inverts a phase of the first chopping control signal; and a fourth transmission gate that electrically connects or disconnects the negative input terminal of the differential amplifier and the output terminal of the differential amplifier in response to the first chopping control signal, and the auto-zero switch unit includes a capacitor that is installed between the first node and the second node; a first auto-zero switch that switches the signal input terminal and the second node in response to a first auto-zero switch control signal; a second auto-zero switch that switches the first node and the output terminal of the differential amplifier in response to a second auto-zero switch control signal; a fourth auto-zero switch that switches the second node to an output terminal of an offset free differential amplifier in response to a fourth auto-zero switch control signal; and a fifth auto-zero switch that switches the output terminal of the differential amplifier to the output terminal of the offset free differential amplifier in response to a fifth auto-zero switch control signal.
Objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-described objects. That is, other objects that are not described may be obviously understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the following description.
In order to sufficiently understand the present invention, operational advantages of the present invention, and objects accomplished by exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings for describing exemplary embodiments of the present invention and contents described in the accompanying drawings should be referred to.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals proposed in each drawing denote like components.
Referring to
The chopping switch unit 320 includes a plurality of switches TG1 to TG4 that remove an average offset of the differential amplifier 310 in response to a first chopping control signal CHOP1 and a second chopping control signal CHOP2. Here, the average offset of the differential amplifier 310 is used as a concept in contrast to the absolute offset of the differential amplifier 310.
Among the methods for removing the offset of the differential amplifier 310, a method of removing an average offset removes the offset by sequentially reflecting an absolute value of an input signal, that is, offsets with opposite signs. A method of removing an absolute offset pre-stores a unique offset of the differential amplifier 310 using a storage means such as a capacitor and then reflects the pre-stored unique offset inversely during signal processing, thereby removing the offset of the differential amplifier 310 from the processed signal.
A first transmission gate TG1 that electrically connects or disconnects a signal input terminal Vin and a positive input terminal+of the differential amplifier 310 in response to a first chopping control signal CHOP1. Here, the expression of responding to the first chopping control signal CHOP1 means that the first transmission gate TG1 electrically connects the signal input terminal Vin to the positive input terminal+of the differential amplifier 310 when the first chopping control signal CHOP1 is in a logic high state, and conversely, disconnects between the signal input terminal Vin and the positive input terminal+of the differential amplifier 310, which are already electrically connected, when the first chopping control signal CHOP1 is in a logic low state.
A second transmission gate TG2 electrically connects or disconnects a first node N1 and a negative input terminal—of the differential amplifier 310 in response to the second chopping control signal CHOP2.
A third transmission gate TG3 electrically connects or disconnects the positive input terminal+of the differential amplifier 310 and an output terminal VO1 of an amplifier in response to an inverse first chopping control signal CHOP1. Here, the expression of responding to the inverse first chopping control signal CHOP1 means electrically connecting the positive input terminal+ and the output terminal VO1 of the differential amplifier 310 when the first chopping control signal CHOP1 is in the logic low state, and conversely, disconnecting between the positive input terminal+ and the output terminal VO1 of the differential amplifier 310, which are already electrically connected, when the first chopping control signal CHOP1 is in the logic high state.
A fourth transmission gate TG4 electrically connects or disconnects a negative input terminal—of the differential amplifier 310 and the output terminal VO1 of the amplifier in response to the first chopping control signal CHOP1.
For simplicity of description, in the following description, a function of electrically connecting or disconnecting two terminals is expressed as switching.
The auto-zero switch unit 330 includes a plurality of auto-zero switches SW1 to SW5 and a capacitor C that removes the absolute offset of the differential amplifier 310 in response to a plurality of switch control signals SC1 to SC5, and a capacitor C.
The capacitor C is installed between a first node N1 and a second node N2.
The first auto-zero switch SW1 switches the signal input terminal Vin and the second node N2 in response to the first auto-zero switch control signal SC1.
The second auto-zero switch SW2 switches the first node N1 and the output terminal VO1 of the amplifier in response to the second auto-zero switch control signal SC2.
The third auto-zero switch SW3 switches the first node N1 to an output terminal Vout of the offset free differential amplifier in response to the third auto-zero switch control signal SC3.
The fourth auto-zero switch SW4 switches the second node N2 to the output terminal Vout of the offset free differential amplifier in response to the fourth auto-zero switch control signal SC4.
The fifth auto-zero switch SW5 switches the output terminal VO1 of the amplifier to the output terminal Vout of the offset free differential amplifier in response to the fifth auto-zero switch control signal SC5.
Referring to
The offset free differential amplifier 300 according to the present invention illustrated in
The expression “sequentially removing the offset” means that one of the chopping switch unit 320 and the auto-zero switch unit 330 first removes the offset of the differential amplifier 310, and then the other removes the offset of the differential amplifier 310.
The expression “finally removing the offset by merging” means that the chopping switch unit 320 and the auto-zero switch unit 330 are activated simultaneously to remove the offset of the differential amplifier 310.
The process of removing offset using the auto-zero method, the chopping method, and the merging method using the open/closed state of the switch illustrated in
First, the method of activating the auto-zero switch unit 330 to remove the offset of the differential amplifier 310 using the auto-zero method will be described.
In
Referring to the right circuit of
Referring to
Referring to the right side of
The left sides of
Referring to the right circuits of
As described above, the offset free differential amplifier 300 according to the present invention illustrated in
As described above, the chopping switch unit 320 and the auto-zero switch unit 330 can be selectively applied to the differential amplifier 310, but can also be applied sequentially. In other words, it is possible to use the chopping switch unit 320 for a part of the total time section in which the input signal Vin is processed, and to use the auto-zero switch unit 330 for the remaining time, and vice versa.
Of course, it is also possible to simultaneously use the chopping switch unit 320 and the auto-zero switch unit 330. In the present invention, when the chopping switch unit 320 and the auto-zero switch unit 330 are used simultaneously, it is proposed to utilize the third auto-zero switch SW3 in the auto-zero switch unit 330 so that additional offset is prevented from occurring by the plurality of switches included in the chopping switch unit 320 and the auto-zero switch unit 330.
Referring to
The right drawings of
As described above, according to an offset free differential amplifier according to the present invention, it is possible to remove the offset by using at least one of an auto-zero method and a chopping method of a single differential amplifier, and prevent an offset by an internal switch from being additionally occurring.
Effects which can be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above-described effects. That is, other objects that are not described may be obviously understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the following description.
In the above description, the technical idea of the present invention has been described along with the accompanying drawings, but this is an exemplary description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. In addition, it is clear that anyone skilled in the art of the present invention can make various modifications and imitations without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
10-2022-0160488 | Nov 2022 | KR | national |
10-2023-0081591 | Jun 2023 | KR | national |