Patent Application
20050026786
The present invention relates to the field of formulations of crop protection agents. In particular, the invention relates to liquid formulations in the form of oil suspension concentrates comprising the herbicidally active compound diflufenican.
In general, active compounds for crop protection are not employed in pure form. Depending on the area of use and the type of use, and on physical, chemical and biological parameters, the active compound is used as an active compound formulation in a mixture with customary auxiliaries and additives. Also known are combinations with further active compounds for widening the activity spectrum and/or for protecting crop plants (for example by safeners, antidotes).
In general, formulations of active compounds for crop protection should have high chemical and physical stability, should be easy to apply and easy to use and have broad biological action combined with high selectivity.
It was an object of the present invention to provide an improved formulation of crop protection agents, which formulation is easy to apply and has high biological effectiveness and crop plant compatibility.
This object is achieved by the specific oil suspension concentrate of the present invention.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to an oil suspension concentrate comprising
In addition, the oil suspension concentrate according to the invention may optionally also comprise further components, for example:
For the purpose of the present invention, the term “oil suspension concentrate” (OD) is to be understood as meaning a suspension concentrate based on component b) (hydrocarbons). Here, one or more active compounds are suspended in the hydrocarbons, further active compounds may be dissolved in the hydrocarbons.
In the oil suspension concentrate according to the invention, the herbicidally active compound diflufenican a) is present in suspended form in the hydrocarbons b). This means that the major portion (in % by weight) of diflufenican is present undissolved in finely distributed form, a minor portion of the diflufenican may be dissolved. Preferably, more than 80% by weight, particularly preferably more than 90% by weight, of the diflufenican is suspended in the hydrocarbons b), in each case based on the total amount of diflufenican in the oil suspension concentrate according to the invention.
The herbicidally active compound diflufenican contained as component a) is known and commercially available (see, for example, “The Pesticide Manual” 12th edition (2000), The British Crop Protection Council, pages 296-297). In the oil suspension concentrate according to the invention, diflufenican is generally present in a proportion of from 1 to 60% by weight, preferably from 2.5 to 30% by weight; here and in the entire description, the term “% by weight” refers, unless defined otherwise, to the relative weight of the component in question, based on the total weight of the formulation.
The oil suspension concentrate according to the invention comprises, as component b), one or more hydrocarbons (see, for example, Römpp Lexikon Chemie, 10th edition, volume 3, page 2202 (1997), Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart/New York), preferably those which are liquid under STP conditions. The hdrocarbons can be acyclic (aliphatic) hydrocarbons or cyclic hydrocarbons, for example aromatic or alicyclic (cycloaliphatic) hydrocarbons.
Examples of hydrocarbons b) are:
The oil suspension concentrate may also comprise, as component b), mixtures of one or more aromatic hydrocarbons and/or one or more cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons and/or one or more aliphatic hydrocarbons. Examples are mixtures of a plurality of aliphatic hydrocarbons, for example commercially available solvents of the E
Preferred components b) are aliphatic hydrocarbons, in particular saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, for example C5-C16-alkanes, for example from the Bayol® series. The total proportion of hydrocarbons b) in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention is generally between 5 and 95% by weight, preferably in the range from 10 to 90% by weight.
Suitable ALS inhibitors c) are, for example, compounds from the group of the imidazolinones, pyrimidinyloxypyridinecarboxylic acid derivatives, pyrimidyloxybenzoic acid derivatives or sulfonamides, such as triazolopyrimidinesulfonamides or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinones, preferably phenylsulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinones, for example flucarbazone or propoxycarbazone and/or salts thereof, or sulfonylureas, preferably phenylsulfonylureas.
Preferred ALS inhibitors originate from the group of the sulfonylureas, for example pyrimidinyl- or triazinylaminocarbonyl[benzene-, -pyridine-, -pyrazole-, -thiophene- and -(alkylsulfonyl)alkylamino]sulfamides. Preferred substituents on the pyrimidine ring or the triazine ring are alkoxy, alkyl, haloalkoxy, haloalkyl, halogen or dimethylamino, it being possible to combine all substituents independently of one another. Preferred substituents in the benzene, pyridine, pyrazole, thiophene or (alkylsulfonyl)alkylamino moiety are alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, such as F, Cl, Br or I, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, acylamino, such as formylamino, nitro, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkoxyaminocarbonyl, haloalkoxy, haloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylsulfonylaminoalkyl, (alkanesulfonyl)alkylamino. Such suitable sulfonylureas are, for example,
A1) phenyl- and benzylsulfonylureas and related compounds, for example
Typical representatives of these active compounds are, inter alia, the compounds listed below: amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorsulfuron, cinosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium, halosulfuron-methyl, imazosulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron, tribenuron-methyl, triflusulfuron-methyl, iodosulfuron-methyl and its sodium salt (WO 92/13845), mesosulfuron-methyl and its sodium salt (Agrow No. 347, Mar. 3, 2000, page 22 (PJB Publications Ltd. 2000)) and foramsulfuron and its sodium salt (Agrow No. 338, Oct. 15, 1999, page 26 (PJB Publications Ltd. 1999)).
The active compounds listed above are known, for example from “The Pesticide Manual”, 12th edition (2000), The British Crop Protection Council, or from the literature references following the individual active compounds.
Other suitable ALS inhibitors are, for example,
B) imidazolinones, for example
Suitable sulfonamides are preferably sulfonamides of the formula (I) and/or salts thereof
Rα-(A)m-SO2—NRβ—CO—(NRγ)n—Rδ (I)
in which
Examples of sulfonamides of the formula (I) are sulfonylureas of the formula (II) and/or salts thereof
in which
Preference is given to sulfonylureas of the formula (II) and/or salts thereof in which
Particularly preferred ALS inhibitors are: iodosulfuron-methyl (A1) and its sodium salt (A2), mesosulfuron-methyl (A3) and its sodium salt (A4), foramsulfuron (A5) and its sodium salt (A6), flucarbazone (A7) and its sodium salt (A8), propoxycarbazone (A9) and its sodium salt (A10), ethoxysulfuron (A11) and its sodium salt (A 12), and amidosulfuron (A 13) and its sodium salt (A 14).
The active compounds listed above are known, for example from “The Pesticide Manual”, 13th edition (2003), The British Crop Protection Council, or from the literature references given after the individual active compounds.
If the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention comprise, as component c), ALS inhibitors, for example the sulfonamides mentioned above, such as sulfonamides of the formula (I) and/or salts thereof, these can be present in suspended form and/or in dissolved form.
If the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention contain herbicidally active compounds from the group of the ALS inhibitors, their proportion by weight is generally from 0.01 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 30% by weight.
Whenever the term “acyl radical” is used in this description, this means the radical of an organic acid which is formally formed by removing an OH group from the organic acid, for example the radical of a carboxylic acid and radicals of acids derived therefrom, such as thiocarboxylic acid, unsubstituted or N-substituted iminocarboxylic acids or the radicals of carbonic monoesters, unsubstituted or N-substituted carbamic acids, sulfonic acids, sulfinic acids, phosphonic acids, phosphinic acids.
An acyl radical is preferably formyl or acyl from the group consisting of CO—Rz, CS—Rz, CO—ORz, CS—ORz, CS—SRz, SORz and SO2Rz, where Rz is in each case a C1-C10-hydrocarbon radical, such as C1-C10-alkyl or C6-C10-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted, for example by one or more substituents from the group consisting of halogen, such as F, Cl, Br or I, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, hydroxyl, amino, nitro, cyano and alkylthio, or Rz is aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl, where the two lastmentioned radicals are unsubstituted, N-monosubstituted or N,N-disubstituted, for example by substituents from the group consisting of alkyl and aryl.
Acyl is, for example, formyl, haloalkylcarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, such as (C1-C4)-alkyl-carbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, where the phenyl ring may be substituted, or alkyloxy-carbonyl, such as (C1-C4)-alkyloxycarbonyl, phenyloxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, such as (C1-C4)-alkylsulfonyl, alkylsulfinyl, such as C1-C4-(alkylsulfinyl), N-alkyl-1-iminoalkyl, such as N—(C1-C4)-1-imino-(C1-C4)-alkyl, and other radicals of organic acids.
A hydrocarbon radical is a straight-chain, branched or cyclic and saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical, for example alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or aryl.
A hydrocarbon radical has preferably 1 to 40 carbon atoms, with preference 1 to 30 carbon atoms; with particular preference, a hydrocarbon radical is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having up to 12 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl having 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 ring atoms or phenyl.
An aromatic radical (aryl) is a mono-, bi- or polycyclic aromatic system, for example phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, indenyl, indanyl, pentalenyl, fluorenyl and the like, preferably phenyl.
A heterocyclic radical or ring (heterocyclyl) can be saturated, unsaturated or heteroaromatic and unsubstituted or substituted; it preferably contains one or more heteroatoms in the ring, preferably from the group consisting of N, O and S; it is preferably an aliphatic heterocyclyl radical having 3 to 7 ring atoms or a heteroaromatic radical having 5 or 6 ring atoms and contains 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms. The heterocyclic radical can, for example, be a heteroaromatic radical or ring (heteroaryl), such as, for example, a mono-, bi- or polycyclic aromatic system in which at least one ring contains one or more heteroatoms, for example pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl and imidazolyl, or it is a partially or fully hydrogenated radical, such as oxiranyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, triazolyl, dioxolanyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuryl. Preference is given to pyrimidinyl and triazinyl. Suitable substituents for a substituted heterocyclic radical are the substituents mentioned further below, and additionally also oxo, for example in the triazolinone radical. The oxo group may also be present at the hetero ring atoms, which may exist in different oxidation states, for example in the case of N and S.
Substituted radicals, such as substituted hydrocarbon radicals, for example substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, phenyl and benzyl, or substituted heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, are, for example, a substituted radical which is derived from an unsubstituted parent compound, where the substituents are, for example, one or more, preferably 1, 2 or 3, radicals from the group consisting of halogen, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, hydroxyl, amino, nitro, carboxyl, cyano, azido, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, formyl, carbamoyl, mono- and dialkylaminocarbonyl, substituted amino, such as acylamino, mono- and dialkylamino, and alkylsulfinyl, haloalkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl and, in the case of cyclic radicals, also alkyl and haloalkyl, and unsaturated aliphatic radicals which correspond to the saturated hydrocarbon-containing radicals mentioned, such as alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, etc. Among the radicals with carbon atoms, preference is given to those having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular 1 or 2 carbon atoms. Preference is generally given to substituents from the group consisting of halogen, for example fluorine and chlorine, (C1-C4)-alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl, (C1-C4)-haloalkyl, preferably trifluoromethyl, (C1-C4)-alkoxy, preferably methoxy or ethoxy, (C1-C4)-haloalkoxy, nitro and cyano. Particular preference is given here to the substituents methyl, methoxy and chlorine.
Unsubstituted or substituted phenyl is preferably phenyl which is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted, preferably substituted up to three times, by identical or different radicals, preferably from the group consisting of halogen, (C1-C4)-alkyl, (C1-C4)-alkoxy, (C1-C4)-haloalkyl, (C1-C4)-haloalkoxy and nitro, for example o-, m- and p-tolyl, dimethylphenyl, 2-, 3- and 4-chlorophenyl, 2-, 3- and 4-trifluoro- and -trichlorophenyl, 2,4-, 3,5-, 2,5- and 2,3-dichlorophenyl, o-, m- and p-methoxyphenyl.
Cycloalkyl is a carbocyclic saturated ring system having preferably 3-6 carbon atoms, for example cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.
The carbon skeleton of the carbon-containing radicals, such as alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylamino and alkylthio and the corresponding unsaturated and/or substituted radicals may in each case be straight-chain or branched. In these radicals, preference is given to the lower carbon skeletons having, for example, 1 to 6 carbon atoms and, in the case of unsaturated groups, 2 to 6 carbon atoms, unless specified otherwise. Alkyl radicals, also in the composite meanings such as alkoxy, haloalkyl, etc., are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n- or isopropyl, n-, iso-, t- or 2-butyl, pentyls, hexyls, such as n-hexyl, isohexyl and 1,3-dimethylbutyl, heptyls, such as n-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl and 1,4-dimethylpentyl; alkenyl and alkynyl radicals have the meaning of the possible unsaturated radicals which correspond to the alkyl radicals; alkenyl is, for example, allyl, 1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl, 2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl, but-2-en-1-yl, but-3-en-1-yl, 1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl and 1-methylbut-2-en-1-yl; alkynyl is, for example, propargyl, but-2-yn-1-yl, but-3-yn-1-yl, 1-methylbut-3-yn-1-yl.
Halogen is, for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. Haloalkyl, -alkenyl and -alkynyl is alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl, respectively, which is partially or fully substituted by halogen, preferably by fluorine, chlorine and/or bromine, in particular by fluorine or chlorine, for example CF3, CHF2, CH2F, CF3CF2, CH2FCHCl, CCl3, CHCl2, CH2CH2Cl; haloalkoxy is, for example, OCF3, OCHF2, OCH2F, CF3CF2O, OCH2CF3 and OCH2CH2Cl; this applies correspondingly to haloalkenyl and other halogen-substituted radicals.
Within the context of the present invention, the ALS inhibitors contained as component c) in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention are in each case to be understood as including, in addition to the neutral compounds, also their salts with inorganic and/or organic counterions. Thus, sulfonamides, for example, are capable of forming salts in which the hydrogen of the —SO2—NH— group is replaced by an agriculturally suitable cation. These salts are, for example, metal salts, in particular alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, especially sodium and potassium salts, or else ammonium salts or salts with organic amines. Salt formation may also occur by an acid forming an adduct with basic groups, such as, for example, amino and alkylamino. Acids suitable for this purpose are strong inorganic and organic acids, for example HCI, HBr, H2SO4 or HNO3.
The oil suspension concentrates according to the invention may comprise, as optional component d), safeners which are suitable for reducing or preventing damage to the crop plant. Suitable safeners are known, for example, from WO-A-96/14747 and the literature cited therein.
Suitable safeners are, for example, the following groups of compounds:
15) Active compounds which, in addition to a herbicidal action against harmful plants, also have safener action on crop plants such as, for example, “dimepiperate” or “MY-93” (PM, pp. 404-405) (=S-1-methyl-1-phenylethyl piperidine-1-thiocarboxylate), “daimuron” or “SK 23” (PM, p. 330) (=1-(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)-3-p-tolyl-urea), “cumyluron”=“JC-940” (=3-(2-chlorophenyl methyl)- 1-(1-methyl-1-phenyl-ethyl)urea, see JP-A-60087254), “methoxyphenone” or “NK 049” (=3,3′-dimethyl4-methoxybenzophenone), “CSB” (=1-bromo-4-(chloromethylsulfonyl)benzene) (CAS-Reg. No. 54091-06-4 from Kumiai), compounds of the type of the acylsulfamoylbenzamides, for example of formula (VIII) below, which are known, for example, from WO 99/16744.
Preferred safeners are mefenpyr, fenchlorazole, isoxadifen, cloquintocet, and their C1-C10-alkyl esters, and also the safeners (S3-1), (S3-5) and benoxacor (S-4), in particular mefenpyr-diethyl (S1-1), fenchlorazole-ethyl (S1-6), isoxadifen-ethyl ((S1)-9), cloquintocet-mexyl (S2-1), (S3-1), (S3-5) and benoxacor (S-4).
If the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention comprise safeners d), their proportion by weight is generally 0.1 to 60% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 40% by weight. The safeners can be present in suspended form and/or in dissolved form.
Possible agrochemically active compounds e), which may optionally be present, are, for example, agrochemically active compounds different from components a), c) and d), such as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, plant growth regulators and the like. The agrochemically active compounds e) may be present in the hydrocarbon b) in suspended form and/or in dissolved form.
Suitable active compounds different from components a), c) and d), which active compounds may be present in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention as component e), are, preferably, herbicidally active compounds, for example from the group of the carbamates, thiocarbamates, haloacetanilides, substituted phenoxy-, naphthoxy- and phenoxyphenoxycarboxylic acid derivatives, and also heteroaryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acid derivatives, such as quinolyloxy-, quinoxalyloxy-, pyridyloxy-, benzoxazolyloxy- and benzothiazolyloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acid esters, cyclohexanedione derivatives, phosphorus-containing herbicides, for example of the glufosinate type or of the glyphosate type, and also S-(N-aryl-N-alkylcarbamoylmethyl)dithiophosphoric acid esters. Preference is given here to phenoxyphenoxy- and heteroaryloxyphenoxycarboxylic acid esters and salts, such as fenoxaprop, and also to herbicides such as bentazone, cyanazine, atrazine, diflufenican, dicamba, 2,4-D, or hydroxybenzonitriles, such as bromoxynil and ioxynil, and other foliar herbicides, for example:
E) herbicides of the type of the phenoxyphenoxy- and heteroaryloxyphenoxycarboxylic acid derivatives, such as
E1) phenoxyphenoxy- and benzyloxyphenoxycarboxylic acid derivatives, for example methyl 2-(4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy)propionate (diclofop-methyl), methyl 2-(4-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenoxy)phenoxy)propionate (DE-A 26 01 548), methyl 2-(4-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenoxy)phenoxy)propionate (U.S. Pat No. 4,808,750), methyl 2-(4-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenoxy)propionate (DE-A 24 33 067), methyl 2-(4-(2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenoxy)propionate (U.S. Pat. No. 4,808,750), methyl 2-(4-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)phenoxy)propionate (DE-A 24 17 487), ethyl 4-(4-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenoxy)pent-2-enoate, methyl 2-(4-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenoxy)propionate (DE-A 24 33 067);
E2) “monocyclic” heteroaryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acid derivatives, for example
The herbicides of groups E to L are known, for example, from the abovementioned publications and from “The Pesticide Manual”, 13th edition, 2003, The British Crop Protection Council, “Agricultural Chemicals Book II—Herbicides—”, by W. T. Thompson, Thompson Publications, Fresno Calif., USA 1990 and “Farm Chemicals Handbook '90”, Meister Publishing Company, Willoughby Ohio, USA, 1990.
If the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention comprise agrochemically active compounds e), their proportion by weight is generally from 0.1 to 50% by weight, in particular from 0.5 to 25% by weight.
The total content of active compounds (sum of components a)+c)+d)+e)) contained in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention is generally between 1 and 80% by weight, in particular between 3 and 60% by weight.
The sulfosuccinates (component f)) optionally contained in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention can, for example, be mono- or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid, preferably those of the formula (III)
R1—(X1)n—O—CO—CH2—CH(SO3M)—CO—O—(X2)m—R2 (III)
in which
Preference is given to sulfosuccinates of the formula (III) in which R1 and R2 are identical or different and independently of one another are linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated C1-C20-, preferably C4-C18-, alkyl radicals, such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, octyl, such as 2-ethylhexyl, decyl, tridecyl or octadecyl radicals, or R1 and R2 are C7-C20-alkylaryl radicals, such as nonylphenyl, 2,4,6-tri-sec-butylphenyl, 2,4,6-tris-(1-phenylethyl)phenyl, alkylbenzyl or a hydrocinnamic radical,
X1 and X2 are identical or different and independently of one another are polyether units, such as polyethylene glycols —(C2H4O)p— or polypropylene glycols —(C3H6O)p— where p=1 to p=20, in particular p=1 to p=12, or polyester units, such as polyhydroxybutyric acid —(CH[CH3]—CH2—COO)q— or polylactic acid —(CH[CH3]—COO)q— where q=1 to q=15, in particular q=1 to q=8,
n, m are identical or different and independently of one another are zero or 1, preferably zero, and M is a cation, for example a metal cation, such as an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cation, or an ammonium cation which may be alkyl-substituted.
Examples of sulfosuccinates according to the invention are
Examples of sulfosuccinates of groups a1) to a5) which are commercially available and preferred within the context of the present invention are listed below:
Sulfosuccinates are commercially available, for example, as A
Preferred sulfosuccinates are, for example, the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of bis(alkyl)sulfosuccinates, where the alkyl radicals are identical or different and contain 4 to 16 carbon atoms and are, for example, butyl, hexyl, octyl, such as 2-ethylhexyl, or decyl radicals, which may be straight-chain or branched. Particular preference is given to alkali metal di(octyl)sulfosuccinates such as sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate.
If the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention comprise sulfosuccinates, their proportion by weight is generally 0.1-60% by weight, in particular 1-35% by weight.
Customary auxiliaries and additives (component g)) which may also be contained in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention are, for example: surfactants, such as emulsifiers and dispersants, thickeners and thixotropic agents, adjuvants, wetting agents, anti-drift agents, adhesives, penetrants, preservatives and antifreeze agents, stabilizers, antioxidants, solubilizers, fillers, carriers and colorants, antifoams, fertilizers, evaporation inhibitors and agents which modify pH and viscosity.
Suitable emulsifiers and dispersants are, for example, nonionic emulsifiers and dispersants, for example:
Preferred nonionic emulsifiers and dispersants are, for example, polyethoxylated alcohols, polyethoxylated triglycerides which contain hydroxyfatty acids and polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide block copolymers.
The total proportion of nonionic emulsifiers and dispersants in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention is generally between 0 and 40% by weight, preferably between 1 and 30% by weight. If nonionic emulsifiers and dispersants are, in addition to their emulsifying/dispersing properties, also used for increasing the biological effectiveness, for example as penetrants or adhesives, their proportion in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention can be increased to up to 60% by weight.
Also suitable are ionic emulsifiers and dispersants, for example:
Preferred ionic emulsifiers/dispersants are, for example, salts of alkylarylsulfonic acids and polyelectrolytes from the polycondensation of naphthalenesulfonate and formaldehyde.
The total proportion of ionic emulsifiers and dispersants in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention is generally between 0 and 20% by weight, in particular between 0 and 8% by weight.
Suitable thickeners and thixotropic agents are, for example:
Preferred thickeners and thixotropic agents are, for example, modified phyllosilicates and thickeners based on synthetic polymers.
The proportion of thickeners and thixotropic agents in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention is generally between 0 and 5% by weight, in particular between 0.2 and 4% by weight.
Suitable adjuvants are, for example, fatty acid esters, for example of natural origin, for example natural oils, such as animal oils or vegetable oils, or of synthetic origin, for example the Edenor® series, for example Edenor® MEPa or Edenor® MESU, or the A
Examples of fatty acid esters such as C10-C22-fatty acid esters are glycerol and glycol esters of fatty acids such as C10-C22-fatty acids, or transesterification products thereof, for example fatty acid alkyl esters such as C10-C22-fatty acid C1-C20-alkyl esters, which can be obtained, for example, by transesterification of the abovementioned glycerol or glycol fatty acid esters such as C10-C22-fatty acid esters with C1-C20-alcohols (for example methanol, ethanol, propanol or butanol). The transesterification can be carried out by known methods, as described, for example, in Römpp Chemie Lexikon, 9th edition, volume 2, page 1343, Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
Preferred fatty acid alkyl esters such as C10-C22-fatty acid C1-C20-alkyl esters are methyl esters, ethyl esters, propyl esters, butyl esters, 2-ethylhexyl esters and dodecyl esters. Preferred glycol and glycerol fatty esters such as C10-C22-fatty acid esters are the uniform or mixed glycol esters and glycerol esters of C10-C22-fatty acids, in particular of such fatty acids having an even number of carbon atoms, for example erucic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid and in particular C18-fatty acids such as stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid or linolenic acid.
Animal oils b) are generally known and commercially available. For the purpose of the present invention, the term “animal oils” is to be understood as meaning, for example, oils of animal origin such as whale oil, cod-liver oil, musk oil or mink oil.
Vegetable oils b) are generally known and commercially available. For the purpose of the present invention, the term “vegetable oils” is to be understood as meaning, for example, oils of oleaginous plant species, such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, coconut oil, palm oil, thistle oil, walnut oil, arachis oil, olive oil or castor oil, in particular rapeseed oil, where the vegetable oils also include their transesterification products, for example alkyl esters, such as rapeseed oil methyl ester or rapeseed oil ethyl ester.
The vegetable oils are preferably esters of C10-C22-, preferably C12-C20-, fatty acids. The C10-C22-fatty acid esters are, for example, esters of unsaturated or saturated C10-C22-fatty acids having, in particular, an even number of carbon atoms, for example erucic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid and in particular, C18-fatty acids such as stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid or linolenic acid.
Examples of vegetable oils are C10-C22-fatty acid esters of glycerol or glycol with C10-C22-fatty acids, or C10-C22-fatty acid C1-C20-alkyl esters which can be obtained, for example, by transesterification of the glycerol or glycol C10-C22-fatty acid esters mentioned above with C1-C20-alcohols (for example methanol, ethanol, propanol or butanol). The transesterification can be carried out by known methods as described, for example, in Römpp Chemie Lexikon, 9th edition, volume 2, page 1343, Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
The vegetable oils can be contained in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention for example in the form of commercially available vegetable oils, in particular rapeseed oils, such as rapeseed oil methyl ester, for example Phytorob® B (Novance, France), Edenor® MESU and the Agnique® ME series (Cognis, Germany), the Radia® series (ICI), the Prilubeo series (Petrofina), or biodiesel or in the form of commercially available, plant-oil-containing formulation additives, in particular those based on rapeseed oils, such as rapeseed oil methyl esters, for example Hasten® (Victorian Chemical Company, Australia, hereinbelow referred to as Hasten, main ingredient: rapeseed oil ethyl ester), Actirob® B (Novance, France, hereinbelow referred to as ActirobB, main ingredient: rapeseed oil methyl ester), Rako-Binol® (Bayer AG, Germany, hereinbelow referred to as Rako-Binol, main ingredient: rapeseed oil), Renol® (Stefes, Germany, hereinbelow referred to as Renol, vegetable oil ingredient: rapeseed oil methyl ester) or Stefes Mero® (Stefes, Germany, hereinbelow referred to as Mero, main ingredient: rapeseed oil methyl ester).
Examples of synthetic fatty acid esters are, for example, those derived from fatty acids having an odd number of carbon atoms, such as C11-C21-fatty acid esters.
The proportion of adjuvants such as fatty acid esters in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention is generally between 0 and 20% by weight, preferably between 0.5 and 15% by weight.
Preference is given to oil suspension concentrates according to the invention comprising:
In a preferred embodiment, the oil suspension concentrate according to the invention comprises
Oil suspension concentrates according to the invention comprising the components listed below may be mentioned as particularly preferred examples; however, this is not meant to be a limitation. Here, Bayol is a solvent from the Bayol® series, preferably Bayol®82.
diflufenican+Bayol, diflufenican+Bayol+A1, diflufenican+Bayol+A2, diflufenican+Bayol+A3, diflufenican+Bayol+A4, diflufenican+Bayol+A5, diflufenican+Bayol+A6, diflufenican+Bayol+A7, diflufenican+Bayol+A8, diflufenican+Bayol+A9, diflufenican+Bayol+A10, diflufenican+Bayol+A11, diflufenican+Bayol+A12, diflufenican+Bayol+A13, diflufenican+Bayol+A14, diflufenican+Bayol+rapeseed oil methyl ester;
diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S1-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S1-9, diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S2-1, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S2-1;
diflufenican+Bayol+A1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate;
diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S1-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S1-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S1-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S1-1 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S1-1 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S1-1 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S1-1 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S1-1 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S1-1 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S1-1 rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S1-1 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S1-1 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S1-1 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S1-1 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S1-9 ⊕ rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S1-9+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S2-1+rapeseed oil methyl ester;
diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate;
diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S1-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S1-9+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A1+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A2+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A3+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A4+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A5+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A6+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A7+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A8+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A9+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A10+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A11+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A12+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A13+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester, diflufenican+Bayol+A14+S2-1+sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate+rapeseed oil methyl ester.
In the combinations mentioned above, it is also possible to combine a plurality of sulfonamides as component c) and to use these compounds together for controlling harmful plants in plant crops. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, for example, different sulfonamides of the formula (I) and/or salts thereof may be combined with one another as component c), for example
The ALS inhibitors c) and their mixtures, for example the active compound mixtures mentioned above of sulfonamides of the formula (I) and/or their salts, may be combined with one or more safeners, in particular with the safeners mefenpyr-diethyl (S1-1), isoxadifen-ethyl (S1-9) and cloquintocet-mexyl (S2-1).
The oil suspension concentrates according to the invention can be prepared by known processes, for example by mixing the components. Thus, for example, it is possible to initially charge component b) (hydrocarbon) and to add the further components a), d), c), e), f) and/or g). It is also possible, if appropriate, to mix component b) with a thickener prior to the addition of the other components. The resulting oil suspension can then, if appropriate after pregrinding, be subjected to fine grinding.
To prepare the mixtures, it is possible to use customary mixing apparatus which, if required, are thermostatted. For pregrinding, it is possible to use, for example, high-pressure homogenizers or mills operating by the rotor-stator principle, such as Ultraturrax homogenizers, for example those from IKA, or toothed colloid mills, for example from Puck. For fine grinding, it is possible to use, for example, bead mills which operate batch-wise, for example from Drais, or bead mills which operate continuously, for example from Bachofen. The preparation process can be adapted to the properties of the components employed and to technical and safety requirements and to economical considerations, and pregrinding and even fine grinding may be dispensed with, if required.
The components a) to g) used for the preparation may comprise water as a minor component which is also found in the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention. Accordingly, the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention may comprise small amounts of water, in general from 0 to 5% by weight.
For application, the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention may, if required, be diluted in a customary manner using, for example, water, to give, for example, emulsions, suspensions, suspoemulsions or solutions. It may be advantageous to add further agrochemically active compounds (for example tank mix components in the form of appropriate formulations) and/or auxiliaries and additives customary for application, for example self-emulsifying oils, such as vegetable oils or paraffin oils, and/or fertilizers to the spray liquors obtained. Accordingly, the present invention also provides such liquid herbicidal compositions obtainable by diluting the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention.
The herbicidal compositions according to the invention (which hereinbelow in each case also includes the oil suspension concentrates according to the invention) have outstanding herbicidal activity against a broad spectrum of economically important monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous harmful plants. Even perennial weeds which produce shoots from rhizomes, rootstocks or other perennial organs and which are difficult to control are controlled well. In this context, it does not matter whether the substances are applied before sowing, pre-emergence or post-emergence. Specific examples may be mentioned of some representatives of the monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed flora which can be controlled by the herbicidal compositions according to the invention, without the enumeration being a restriction to certain species.
Examples of weed species on which the herbicidal compositions act efficiently are, from amongst the monocotyledonous weed species, Apera spica venti, Avena spp., Alopecurus spp., Brachiaria spp., Digitaria spp., Lolium spp., Echinochloa spp., Panicum spp., Phalaris spp., Poa spp., Setaria spp. and Bromus spp. such as Bromus catharticus, Bromus secalinus, Bromus erectus, Bromus tectorum and Bromus japonicus, and Cyperus species from the annual group, and, among the perennial species, Agropyron, Cynodon, Imperata and Sorghum and also perennial Cyperus species.
In the case of the dicotyledonous weed species, the spectrum of action extends to species such as, for example, Abutilon spp., Amaranthus spp., Chenopodium spp., Chrysanthemum spp., Galium spp. such as Galium aparine, Ipomoea spp., Kochia spp., Lamium spp., Matricaria spp., Pharbitis spp., Polygonum spp., Sida spp., Sinapis spp., Solanum spp., Stellaria spp., Veronica spp. and Viola spp., Xanthium spp., among the annuals, and Convolvulus, Cirsium, Rumex and Artemisia in the case of the perennial weeds.
The compositions according to the invention also act outstandingly efficiently on harmful plants which are found under the specific cultures in rice, such as, for example, Echinochloa, Sagittaria, Alisma, Eleocharis, Scirpus and Cyperus.
If the herbicidal compositions according to the invention are applied to the soil surface before germination, the weed seedlings are either prevented completely from emerging or else the weeds grow until they have reached the cotyledon stage, but then their growth stops, and, eventually, after three to four weeks have elapsed, they die completely.
If the herbicidal compositions according to the invention are applied post-emergence to the green parts of the plants, growth likewise stops drastically a very short time after the treatment, and the weed plants remain at the growth stage at the point of time of application, or they die completely after a certain time, so that in this manner competition by the weeds, which is harmful to the crop plants, is eliminated very early and in a sustained manner.
The herbicidal compositions according to the invention are distinguished by a rapidly commencing and long-lasting herbicidal action. As a rule, the rainfastness of the active compounds in the herbicidal compositions according to the invention is advantageous. A particular advantage is that the dosages used in the herbicidal compositions and the effective dosages of herbicidal compounds can be adjusted to such a low level that their soil action is optimally low. This does not only allow them to be employed in sensitive crops in the first place, but groundwater contaminations are virtually avoided. The active compound combination according to the invention allows the required application rate of the active compounds to be reduced considerably.
The abovementioned properties and advantages are necessary for weed control practice to keep agricultural crops free from undesired competing plants, and thus to ensure and/or increase yield levels from the qualitative and quantitative angle. These novel compositions markedly exceed the technical state of the art with a view to the properties described.
While the herbicidal compositions according to the invention have an outstanding herbicidal activity against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds, crop plants of economically important crops, for example dicotyledonous crops such as soya, cotton, oilseed rape, sugar beet, or graminaceous crops such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, millet, rice or corn, are damaged only to a minor extent, if at all. This is why the present compounds are highly suitable for the selective control of undesired plant growth in plantations of agricultural crops or of ornamentals.
In addition, the herbicidal compositions according to the invention have outstanding growth-regulatory properties in crop plants. They engage in the plants' metabolism in a regulatory manner and can thus be employed for provoking direct effects on plant constituents and to facilitate harvesting such as, for example, by triggering desiccation and stunted growth. Moreover, they are also suitable for the general control and inhibition of undesired vegetative growth without simultaneously destroying the plants. Inhibition of vegetative growth is very important in a large number of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crops since lodging can thus be reduced, or prevented completely.
Owing to their herbicidal and plant-growth-regulatory properties, the herbicidal compositions according to the invention can also be employed for controlling harmful plants in crops of genetically modified plants which are known or yet to be developed. As a rule, the recombinant plants are distinguished by specific advantageous characteristics, for example by resistances to certain pesticides, in particular certain herbicides, resistances to plant diseases or the causative organisms of plant diseases such as specific insects or microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria or viruses. Other specific characteristics relate, for example, to the harvested material with regard to quantity, quality, storability, composition and specific constituents. Thus, for example, transgenic plants are known whose starch content is increased, or whose starch quality is altered, or those where the harvested material has a different fatty acid composition.
The use of the compositions according to the invention in economically important transgenic crops of useful plants and ornamentals, for example of graminaceous crops such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, millet, rice and corn, or else crops of sugar beet, cotton, soya, oilseed rape, potatoes, tomatoes, peas and other vegetables, is preferred. Preferably, the compositions according to the invention can be employed as herbicides in crops of useful plants which resist the phytotoxic effects of the herbicides, or have been made to resist these effects by recombinant techniques. When using the herbicidal compositions according to the invention in transgenic crops, effects are frequently observed in addition to the effects against harmful plants to be observed in other crops, which are specific for the application in the transgenic crop in question, for example a modified or specifically widened weed spectrum which can be controlled, modified application rates which may be employed for application, preferably good combining ability with the herbicides to which the transgenic crop is resistant, and an effect on growth and yield level of the transgenic crop plants.
The present invention furthermore also relates to a method for controlling unwanted vegetation (for example harmful plants such as monocotyledonous or dicotyledonous weeds or unwanted crop plants), preferably in crops of plants such as cereals (for example wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, corn and millet), sugar beet, sugar cane, oilseed rape, cotton and soya, especially preferred in monocotyledonous crops such as cereals, for example wheat, barley, rye, oats, and their hybrids such as triticale, rice, corn and millet, where one or more herbicidal compositions according to the invention are applied to the plants (for example harmful plants), plant parts, seeds of the plants or the area on which the plants grow (for example the area under cultivation).
The plant crops may also be genetically modified or have been obtained by mutation selection; they preferably tolerate acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors.
The oil suspension concentrate of the present invention has excellent chemical stability during preparation and storage and is suitable in particular also for combinations of active compounds having different physicochemical properties. Moreover, the oil suspension concentrate has excellent physical stability, is easy to apply and easy to use and has high biological effectiveness and selectivity.
The example below is meant to illustrate the invention without limiting it.
In a receptacle, 33.3 g of Bayol® 82 were initially charged, and 1.8 g of Bentone® 34 were added. After mixing with an Ultra-Turrax®, 0.2 g of propylene carbonate is added and, using the Ultra-Turrax® at high shear forces, gelled. 6 g of Edenor® MESU were then added and, again with high shear forces, incorporated. Subsequently, 19 g of Triton® GR7ME and 5 g of Emulsogen® EL400 were added and again incoporated using the Ultra-Turrax®. 19.54 g of Genapol® X 060 methyl ether and then preground diflufenican were added a little at a time whilst mixing with the Ultra-Turrax®, until the components were incorporated completely. This gave an oil suspension concentrate which was then processed in a Dynomill® mill at about 3000 rpm and a discharge temperature of 25-30° C. After grinding, the oil suspension concentrate was stirred for another 20 minutes and then filled into containers.
Explanation:
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE 10334300.8 | Jul 2003 | DE | national |
