The present invention relates to targets used for target practice. More specifically, the present invention relates to targets which can function in a variety of orientations and which can be “hit” during the resetting process.
In order to maintain proficiency in the use of firearms, it is common for law enforcement officers, members of the military and sportsmen to engage in target practice. While many perceive target practice as simply a method for improving accuracy, it is important for law enforcement officers and the like to conduct target practice in scenarios which improve timing and the ability to make split-second decisions on whether or not to fire. Such split-second decisions can literally mean the difference between life and death both for the officer, etc., and the potential threat.
In order to properly train police officers, it is important that they develop both hand-eye coordination and that they receive sensory stimulation which is associated with actual conditions. Thus, it is important for law enforcement officers and the like to be able to see when a target has been hit.
One common type of target is a pop-up target. A pop-up target is typically disposed behind a shield and includes a target which can be made to stand generally vertical. When the target is hit by a bullet, the target will fall over, thereby providing a visual stimulus that the target has been hit. An arm often engages the target and lifts it back into a vertical position to allow further shooting. Other targets may use a spring to draw the target back to the upright position.
One common problem with many pop-up targets is that the target may not fall when hit by a bullet. If the target is still being raised by the arm when it is struck by the bullet, the target will usually not fall and will continue to be raised by the arm. Thus, a person who is a fast shot may hit the target one or more times without the visual indication provided by the falling target. Additionally, the score for that participant may be inaccurate, as the scoring mechanism may require that the target fall to properly register a hit.
Another problem with pop-up targets is that movement of the targets typically is gravity dependent. Thus, a plate which is hit may slowly fall, causing the shooter to continue to fire until he or she sees that the target is falling. Likewise, being gravity dependent limits the orientations in which the target can be used. For example, a gravity dependent target cannot hang downwardly if it relies on gravity to retract the target from the shooter's view once hit.
Thus there is a need for an improved target. Such a target would include a head which could be hit at virtually any point in the resetting process and still indicate that the target has been hit. Likewise, it is preferred, though not required, that the target be able to be used in gravity independent orientations to allow for increased use scenarios.
Embodiments of an improved target system and associated methods are disclosed below. According to some embodiments, a target may be provided which may be advanced from a retracted position to an extended or exposed position. At any point along the advancement of the target, the target may be hit by the shooter, thereby causing the target to return to its original retracted position.
The target may be moved from the retracted position to the exposed position by a moving catch which moves from a first, retracted position to a second, exposed position (the positions being determined functionally by the position of a target engaging the catch). At any time along the movement or after the target is fully exposed, the target may be hit by a bullet. Hitting the target with a bullet may cause the target to disengage from the catch and return to the retracted position.
In some embodiments, the target may also be returned to a retracted position if a shooter does not strike the target within a predetermined period of time. This can be accomplished, for example, by simply moving the catch back into the retracted position. The target may be biased into the retracted position and returns with the catch in some embodiments.
In some embodiments, the catch may continue to advance to the second, exposed position even after the target has been hit and returned to the retracted position. By monitoring the position of the target and the catch (or structures associated therewith) a target system can determine if the target is in a retracted position due to a shooter failing to hit the target within the predetermined exposure period, or due to the target having been hit by the shooter. Thus, the target system may be made to more accurately score the proficiency of the shooter.
These and other aspects of the embodiments of a target system are shown and described in the following figures and related description.
Various embodiments and features of target systems are shown and described in reference to the following numbered drawings:
It will be appreciated that the drawings are illustrative and not limiting of the scope of the invention which is defined by the appended claims. The embodiments shown accomplish various aspects of the invention. It is appreciated that it is not possible to clearly show each element and aspect of an invention in a single figure, and as such, multiple figures are presented to separately illustrate the various details of embodiments of target systems in greater clarity. Several aspects from different figures may be used in accordance with target systems in a single structure. Similarly, not every embodiment need accomplish all advantages of various embodiments of target systems.
Embodiments of target systems and associated methods as shown in the accompanying drawings, which include reference numerals referred to below, provide details for understanding and practice by one skilled in the art. The drawings and descriptions are exemplary of various aspects of target systems and associated methods and are not intended to narrow the scope of the appended claims.
Turning now to
Target system 10 may include base 14, which may be used to support various components of target system 10. As shown in
Base 14 may be used to support target mechanism 30. Target mechanism 30 may include carriage 34, which is configured to move along base 14, and target 38 which may be pivotably or deflectably attached to carriage 34. Target 38 may further include head portion 38a, which may be presented to a shooter to be shot at, base portion 38b, and mounting portion 38c. Mounting portion 38c may be pivotably engaged with carriage 34.
An actuation mechanism may be included that includes catch 40. Catch 40 may be configured to engage target 38 (typically at bottom portion 38) and/or carriage 34 in such a manner that movement of catch 40 from a first, retracted position (shown in
In some embodiments, if target 38 disengages from catch 40, carriage 34 and target 38 will return to the retracted position shown in
Turning now to
In some embodiments, output shaft 66 may be attached to carriage 34. In such embodiments, the attachment between output shaft 66 and carriage 34 may be direct, or via coupling 74. Additionally, carriage 34 can be formed from a single piece of material or from several parts held together in any of a variety of acceptable ways.
Base 18, as shown in
In some embodiments, biasing member 58 may be used to bias carriage 34, and thus target 38, into the retracted position. As target 38 and/or carriage 34 is advanced by movement of catch 40 (
Additional portions of the actuation mechanism are also shown in
In some embodiments, pneumatic line 114 may be used to selectively inject air into or withdraw air from pneumatic actuation cylinder 90, thereby moving actuation shaft 98 and slide 102. Thus, pneumatic line 114 can be used to move catch 40 from the retracted position represented by
In some embodiments, target 38 may be carried by the carriage 34. Target 38 may also include a pair of arms 120 (
One advantage of the arm/slot engagement shown in
Target 38 in
Target 38 and carriage 34 may be biased into the retracted position by pneumatic cylinder 62 and output shaft 66. A vacuum can be applied to piston 130 in pneumatic cylinder 62 by pneumatic line 70, or the cylinder and piston can simply be arranged such that movement of piston 130 from its resting position may creates a vacuum which biases output shaft 66 and attached carriage 34 into the retracted position. Likewise air can be injected (via line 70a) or simply remain present into pneumatic cylinder 62 so as to create pressure above piston 130 and bias piston 130 down into the position shown in
As shown in
Several sensors 150, 152, 154, and 156 may also be included, and are shown in
Movement of actuation output shaft 98 may also provide for movement of slide 102 via coupling 106. Movement of slide 102 may move catch 40, via connection 160, into the extended or exposed position. By monitoring the position of piston 140, sensors 156 or 154 can indicate that catch 40 has moved into a second, extended position.
Movement of catch 40 may also cause movement of target 38 and carriage 34. Movement of carriage 34 may move shaft 66 out of pneumatic cylinder 62 and change the position of piston 130 contained in cylinder 62. The position of piston 130 can be detected by the presence of adjacent sensor 152 or the absence of adjacent sensor 150. Thus sensor(s) 150 and/or 152 can indicate that target 38 is in an extended position where it is exposed for shooting.
Movement of piston 130 may create a biasing force within pneumatic cylinder 62. This may be a vacuum created below the piston or a pressure above the piston. (The force may be adjusted by providing pneumatic line 70 to modulate the pressure change.) Either way, pneumatic cylinder 62 may form a biasing force which attempts to return piston 130 (and ultimately target 38) to its original position.
Turning momentarily to
It will be appreciated that catch 40 need not engage the bottom of target 38 as an engagement surface. For example, a ledge or ridge forming engagement surface 38e could be placed on target 38 to engage catch 40 and function as lower portion 38b described above. Such an engagement mechanism could also be used to require multiple hits of the target, if desired. For example, the bottom of target 38 may initially engage catch 40 and be dislocated by the first hit. Target 38 would then drop until ledge 38e engages catch 40, requiring a second hit for target 38 to fully retract. It will be appreciated that an engagement surface could be placed at numerous places along target 38.
One significant advantage of target system 10 may include that the shooter can be credited for an extremely quick shot. With some prior art configurations, it is not uncommon for an early shot to appear as a miss because the resetting arm is still moving the target back into place when the target is hit and will not allow it to drop properly. With target system 10 and other embodiments, hitting target 38 at any point between the retracted position shown in
The use of pneumatic cylinders for a target system may provide certain advantages over other devices. Many ranges are already equipped with pneumatic systems to actuate other types of targets. Additionally, pneumatic systems are also relatively resistant to weather concerns, such as rain and freeze/thaw cycles which create problems with electrical and hydraulic systems. However, it should be appreciated that embodiments of target system 10 may be implemented with various types of actuation mechanisms and is not limited to pneumatic systems.
Actuation mechanism 208 may use solenoid 212 or other electric driver to move catch 40 between the extended position and the retracted position. Movement of catch 40 into the extended position moves target 38 against the biasing of spring 200 until the target is hit and disengages from the catch.
As shown in
The illustrated embodiments shown may be desirable because they allow the target system to be placed in any orientation. For example, the target system can be disposed upside down from the configuration shown in
One significant advantage of certain embodiments may be that the extension and/or retraction of target 38 are not gravity dependent. Target system 10 can be turned on its side or even used upside down. Thus, a shooting range could have the targets selectively extend down from behind a baffle hanging from the ceiling. Because it is not gravity dependent, target 38 will retract upwardly if hit by a bullet and will remain retracted until the catch is retracted and then actuated to move the target back into the extended position.
In the embodiment illustrated in
Once the shooter hits target 38, the engagement surface on bottom portion 38b may be moved outwardly away from catch 40′ as discussed above relative to
When target 38 is hit a second time, the engagement surface, such as bottom portion 38b may be released from second step 40′b and fall to third step 40′c. Thus, in such a configuration, three hits on target 38 may cause target 38 to fall into the retracted position as shown in
With each of the embodiments discussed herein, target 38 may be hit at any point along its advancement as it moves from the retracted position to the extended position. For example, with the catch 40′ in
The use of the catch 40′ allows a police officer to work on reaction in a case in which the first shot does not incapacitate a threat. Two or even three shots may be necessary. As with the other configurations, the catch 40′ can be used regardless of the orientation of the target system.
In some embodiments, biasing member 58 may also include multiple biasing elements such as pneumatic cylinders, springs, etc. Similarly, although two pneumatic actuation cylinders 90 are shown in the illustrated embodiment in
One advantage of certain applications of the present invention is the ability to dispose the target system independent of gravity. In other words, the target may move upwardly, downwardly or sideways while moving from the retracted position to the extended position. Further, the biasing elements, such as cylinder 62, spring 200 or other analogous structure may be modified or adjusted to compensate for increased forces on the target based on the relative orientation to the ground. For example, the air pressure in cylinder 62 may be adjusted to compensate for the additional force needed to return the target to the retracted position when the target is being drawn upwardly into the retracted position, as opposed to downwardly as illustrated.
It will be appreciated that numerous changes may be made to the above-disclosed embodiments of target systems and associated methods without departing from the scope of the claims. The appended claims are intended to cover such modifications.
This application claims benefit and priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/986,254 filed Nov. 7, 2007, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
429942 | McBride | Jun 1890 | A |
631175 | Parnell | Aug 1899 | A |
840610 | Easdale | Jan 1907 | A |
879670 | Petry | Feb 1908 | A |
950101 | Green | Feb 1910 | A |
960085 | Giles | May 1910 | A |
1207456 | Whelan | Dec 1916 | A |
1348283 | Koehl | Aug 1920 | A |
1424632 | Fenton | Aug 1922 | A |
1543605 | Gavard | Jun 1925 | A |
1559171 | Knowles | Oct 1925 | A |
1657931 | Krantz | Jul 1926 | A |
1640954 | Mach | Aug 1927 | A |
1738874 | Domingo | Dec 1929 | A |
1831289 | Dally | Nov 1931 | A |
2048155 | Armantrout | Jan 1935 | A |
2008359 | Lamb | Jul 1935 | A |
2039552 | Reynolds | May 1936 | A |
2085933 | Vaughan | Jul 1937 | A |
2104171 | Schwerin | Jan 1938 | A |
2179471 | Lee | Nov 1939 | A |
2284510 | Cates | May 1942 | A |
2372111 | Norberg | Mar 1945 | A |
2538118 | Miller | Jun 1949 | A |
2587042 | Haiselup | Feb 1952 | A |
2613934 | Tabler | Oct 1952 | A |
2706634 | Van Valkenburg | Apr 1955 | A |
2819903 | Saunders | Jan 1958 | A |
2905469 | Taylor | Sep 1959 | A |
3014725 | Lewis | Dec 1961 | A |
3032808 | Fleming | May 1962 | A |
3064976 | Kuhn | Nov 1962 | A |
3087701 | Wallace | Apr 1963 | A |
3103362 | Elofson | Sep 1963 | A |
3113773 | Ripepe | Dec 1963 | A |
3348843 | Stanley | Oct 1967 | A |
3385405 | Cullen | May 1968 | A |
3392980 | Ortega | Jul 1968 | A |
3422538 | Panissidi | Jan 1969 | A |
3515388 | Zachmeier | Jun 1970 | A |
3540729 | Rahberger | Nov 1970 | A |
3601353 | Dale | Aug 1971 | A |
3802098 | Sampson et al. | Apr 1974 | A |
3914879 | Taylor, III et al. | Oct 1975 | A |
3992007 | Seeman | Nov 1976 | A |
4076247 | Kim et al. | Feb 1978 | A |
4084299 | Noda | Apr 1978 | A |
4086711 | Gammarino et al. | May 1978 | A |
4177835 | Paley | Dec 1979 | A |
4205847 | Steiger et al. | Jun 1980 | A |
4228569 | Snyder | Oct 1980 | A |
4232867 | Tate, Sr. | Nov 1980 | A |
4288080 | Laporte et al. | Sep 1981 | A |
4294452 | Schlotter et al. | Oct 1981 | A |
4340370 | Marshall et al. | Jul 1982 | A |
4361330 | Scharer | Nov 1982 | A |
4395045 | Baer | Jul 1983 | A |
4440399 | Smith | Apr 1984 | A |
4501427 | Payne | Feb 1985 | A |
4506416 | Ohminato et al. | Mar 1985 | A |
4540182 | Clement | Sep 1985 | A |
4546984 | Towle et al. | Oct 1985 | A |
4614345 | Doughty | Sep 1986 | A |
4657261 | Saunders | Apr 1987 | A |
4691925 | Scholem | Sep 1987 | A |
4706963 | Geuss | Nov 1987 | A |
4726593 | Wade | Feb 1988 | A |
4739996 | Vedder | Apr 1988 | A |
4743032 | Summers et al. | May 1988 | A |
4807888 | Pidde et al. | Feb 1989 | A |
4844476 | Becker | Jul 1989 | A |
4898391 | Kelly et al. | Feb 1990 | A |
4911453 | Essex et al. | Mar 1990 | A |
4913389 | McCracken | Apr 1990 | A |
4979752 | Fosseen | Dec 1990 | A |
5054723 | Arnold | Oct 1991 | A |
5145133 | France | Sep 1992 | A |
5163689 | Bateman | Nov 1992 | A |
5213336 | Bateman | May 1993 | A |
5232227 | Bateman | Aug 1993 | A |
5240258 | Bateman | Aug 1993 | A |
5242172 | Bateman | Sep 1993 | A |
5263721 | Lowrance | Nov 1993 | A |
5277432 | Bateman | Jan 1994 | A |
5316479 | Wong et al. | May 1994 | A |
5324043 | Estrella | Jun 1994 | A |
5346226 | Block | Sep 1994 | A |
5350180 | Acock | Sep 1994 | A |
5352170 | Condo et al. | Oct 1994 | A |
5361455 | Kiefer | Nov 1994 | A |
5400692 | Bateman | Mar 1995 | A |
5433451 | De Vries | Jul 1995 | A |
5535662 | Bateman | Jul 1996 | A |
5598996 | Rath | Feb 1997 | A |
5618044 | Bateman | Apr 1997 | A |
5621950 | White | Apr 1997 | A |
5636995 | Sharpe, III et al. | Jun 1997 | A |
5641288 | Zaenglein, Jr. | Jun 1997 | A |
5648794 | Jelsma et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
5649706 | Treat, Jr. et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
5676378 | West | Oct 1997 | A |
5765832 | Huff | Jun 1998 | A |
5802460 | Parvulescu et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5811718 | Bateman | Sep 1998 | A |
5822936 | Bateman | Oct 1998 | A |
5829753 | Wiser | Nov 1998 | A |
5865439 | Marcuson | Feb 1999 | A |
5906552 | Padilla | May 1999 | A |
5907930 | Ricco | Jun 1999 | A |
5934678 | Theissen et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5947477 | Turnipseed | Sep 1999 | A |
5950283 | Sato | Sep 1999 | A |
5951016 | Bateman | Sep 1999 | A |
5963624 | Pope | Oct 1999 | A |
5967523 | Brownlee | Oct 1999 | A |
5988645 | Downing | Nov 1999 | A |
6018847 | Lu | Feb 2000 | A |
6109614 | Ciarcia | Aug 2000 | A |
6223029 | Stenman et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6230214 | Liukkonen et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6283756 | Danckwerth et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6289213 | Flint et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6308062 | Chien et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6311980 | Sovine et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6322444 | Matsui et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6325376 | Elliott et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6328651 | Lebensfeld et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6332243 | Kim | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6378870 | Sovine | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6398215 | Carroll | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6463299 | Macor | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6478301 | Witmeyer | Nov 2002 | B1 |
6484990 | Marshall | Nov 2002 | B1 |
6502820 | Slifko | Jan 2003 | B2 |
6533280 | Sovine et al. | Mar 2003 | B1 |
6543778 | Baker | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6575753 | Rosa et al. | Jun 2003 | B2 |
6588759 | Bateman | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6679795 | Ouimette et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
6718596 | Kohlstrand et al. | Apr 2004 | B2 |
6728546 | Peterson et al. | Apr 2004 | B1 |
RE38540 | Bateman | Jun 2004 | E |
6761357 | Witt et al. | Jul 2004 | B2 |
6776418 | Sovine et al. | Aug 2004 | B1 |
6808177 | Dehart | Oct 2004 | B2 |
6808178 | Sovine | Oct 2004 | B1 |
6896267 | Le Anna | May 2005 | B1 |
6975859 | Lambert et al. | Dec 2005 | B1 |
6994347 | Tessel et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
6994348 | Lambert et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
6994349 | Lambert et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
7134977 | Campbell et al. | Nov 2006 | B2 |
7140615 | Sovine et al. | Nov 2006 | B1 |
7175181 | Bateman et al. | Feb 2007 | B1 |
7194944 | Lambert et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7201376 | Kuosa | Apr 2007 | B2 |
7219897 | Sovine et al. | May 2007 | B2 |
7234890 | Marshall et al. | Jun 2007 | B1 |
7264246 | Sovine et al. | Sep 2007 | B2 |
7275748 | Lambert et al. | Oct 2007 | B2 |
7303192 | Marshall et al. | Dec 2007 | B2 |
7306230 | Lambert et al. | Dec 2007 | B2 |
7322771 | Marshall et al. | Jan 2008 | B1 |
7503250 | Lambert et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
20050022658 | Bateman et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
20060290063 | Hagar | Dec 2006 | A1 |
20060290064 | Hagar | Dec 2006 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
2100631 | Feb 1994 | CA |
528722 | Feb 1993 | EP |
2136932 | Sep 1984 | GB |
2187270 | Sep 1987 | GB |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20090179382 A1 | Jul 2009 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
60986254 | Nov 2007 | US |