The field of the invention is methods of milling difficult debris accumulated above a packer plug from completion activities above the packer and more particularly engaging a packer plug after debris removal and removing the plug in a single trip.
There are occasions where packers or other tools need to be milled out and yet portions of the tool need to be retained from falling in the hole once enough milling has gone on to release the packer or other tool. In the past such tools have been advanced into the packer bore or an extension to such a packer bore and included a grapple that was forced into the bore. If the packer let go the grapple was cammed outwardly by a series of inclined surfaces with such camming being triggered by the released weight of the remaining packer. The mandrel could be picked up and turned to the right to engage ratchet teeth so that a left hand thread is engaged to allow rotation of the grapple gripping member with respect to the packer bore for a release, if necessary. One such prior design shown in Streater U.S. Pat. No. 6,681,858.
Streater uses a longitudinally split cylindrically shaped grapple member 106 that rides in a wedge 104. Grapple 106 has a groove 126 through which extends a tab 110. The groove and the tab are in the middle of the cylinder shape with the tab not extending as far out of the groove so that it stays clear of the packer bore. The problem with this design is during an attempt to release the packer by engaging teeth 124 and 134 while rotating to the right. As the grapple 106 which has an exterior left hand thread starts to come out of the packer bore while having torque transmitted into it through tab 110, some of the grapple 106 is still in the packer bore while the tab 110 transmits torque through slot 126 to the remainder of the cylindrically shaped grapple member now free of the packer bore and less resistant to applied torque. What can happen is that a shear failure can occur at the grapple which, in turn, results in getting the whole tool stuck with the part milled out packer.
US Publication 2010/0181789 provided a grapple for a downhole tool being milled out where the grapple members are better supported in a removal attempt when turning to the right. In a preferred embodiment fingers with exterior wickers that form a left hand thread extend from a ring. The wedge assembly has a series of torque fingers that preferably span the length of the grapple wickers and preferable are disposed on opposed sides of the grapple fingers. The ramp adds force to rotate the grapple when it is turned to the right. A reverse circulation pattern is used with the mill to remove and capture cuttings through the mill body in conjunction with the grapple device. A similar device is described in WO 1998/46855.
These devices were used to mill a packer free and keep from losing it down the hole so that it could be brought up to the surface. More recently wells have been drilled deeper ranging to depths of 20,000 feet or more. These wells typically have isolation packers with removable plugs that need to be pulled to expose the zone below for additional completion or production. The plugs are in place in the set packers to provide zone isolation for completion procedures above. During such procedures such as fracturing debris that accumulates above the packer plug has to be removed. Due to the depths involved and the types of formations that are penetrated, the accumulated material compacts into a rather hard barrier that has to be removed.
In the past with wells that are less deep, the procedure was to make a first trip to remove debris with moving fluid and a debris removal tool and then come back with a grip tool to grab the packer plug in a second trip. With wells getting deeper the cost of a second trip became significant. Also with the deeper wells the debris was so hard and compacted that mere circulation would not suffice to get the debris dislodged sufficiently to expose the packer plug.
Debris removal tools that create reverse flow through milling shoes are illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 7,472,745.
What was needed and provided by the present invention is a combination tool that includes a milling shoe that uses pipe rotation to grind up the debris so that a reverse circulation system associated with the shoe and a debris removal tool can capture the milled debris until the shoe lands on the packer as noted on the weight indicator at the surface. Once pipe rotation is stopped, the grapple is advanced with an inner mandrel until contact with the plug is made. The assembly that includes the mandrel with the grapple retaining the plug and the surrounding bushing with the shoe or mill at its lower end can be brought up with the mandrel. The grapple or overshot is held retracted and torsionally locked during debris milling and is advanced after the shoe lands on the packer with set down weight that overcomes a shear device or spring or both. These and other aspects of the present invention will be more readily apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the detailed description and the associated drawings while recognizing that the full scope of the invention is to be found in the appended claims.
A combination tool is delivered to compacted debris above a packer whose plug is to be removed. The shoe or mill is on the lower end of an outer bushing and the grapple or overshot is held within the bushing but away from the shoe so that the shoe can advance into the debris as reverse circulation takes the cuttings up through a mandrel to a debris removal tool. When the shoe lands on the packer the surface personnel can see it on the weight indicator. Weight is then set down to overcome a resisting force of a breakable member such as a shear pin or a spring or both so that the grapple advances to engage the packer plug. Advancing the mandrel relative to the bushing with the shoe at its lower end also releases a torque lug that previously allowed tandem rotation of the mandrel with the bushing.
During milling of debris 16 the shoe descends through the debris 16 until it makes contact with the top of the packer 18. The shoe does not mill the packer 18. When the shoe lands on the packer 18 surface personnel see a drop in the weight indicator as a signal that the packer 18 has been reached by the shoe 12 and that milling and rotation can stop.
The overshot 36 has been held higher than the shoe 12 during milling of debris 16. This allows the bushing 10 to descend without concern that the overshot 36 will hit any part of the packer 18 before the shoe 12 lands on the packer 18.
With the
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the method allows milling difficult debris and collecting the debris locally as the shoe advances toward the packer with the plug to be removed. In the same trip the overshot is present to grab the plug. Milling continues with reverse circulation created by flow down the string through the WCU so that the debris can be held in that unit as the fluid continues moving. When the weight indicator at the surface signals that the packer has been reached the rotation stops and setting down weight advances the overshot to grasp the packer plug. The relative movement from setting down weight will defeat the rotational lock until the plug with the bottom hole assembly are picked up. At that point a lug and slot get back together for rotation if there is some need to release the plug as it is being removed.
The above description is illustrative of the preferred embodiment and many modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention whose scope is to be determined from the literal and equivalent scope of the claims below: