Patent Application
20170111977
The present invention relates to the transmission of information, or data, starting from an operating device for lamps. The invention relates in particular to a method for transmitting information, an operating device for transmitting information, and a corresponding lighting system.
As an example of data transmission in the field of operating devices for lamps, operating devices for electric lamps are already known which have, e.g., a control signal input coupled to a data bus from which the operating device receives digital control signals for controlling the electric lamps.
For transmitting information starting from an operating device, it is furthermore known that the operating device can return different information to a control unit via data lines that have been provided, or via a data bus. In addition to these data lines, separate voltage supply lines are also provided, for supplying the operating device with voltage.
The transmission of data via the electric supply network is also known. With this technology, also known as Power Line Communication (PLC), the carrier frequency of the network voltage is modulated with a high-frequency signal. Operating devices connected to the electric supply network inside a building can thus receive signals starting from a control unit via the electric lines in the building by means of demodulation.
The present invention thus assumes the objective of providing an alternative system for transmitting information starting from an operating device for lamps to a control unit connected to the operating device via its voltage supply lines.
The aim of the invention, in particular, is to transmit information from an operating device in the form of a converter for lamps, for example, in particular an LED converter, without additional bus lines or other communication channels, which information may, for example, relate to a parameter concerning the light output—such as the LED current or dimming value.
In accordance with a first aspect of the invention, a method is provided for transmitting information from an operating device for lamps, in particular a converter for LEDs, to a control device connected to the operating device via its voltage supply lines. The method has numerous steps. The control unit temporarily interrupts, preferably periodically, an AC supply voltage of the operating device. The operating device applies a voltage signal to the voltage supply lines during the interruption of the AC supply voltage, which is evaluated by the control unit as information.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a method is provided for retrieving information from an operating device for lamps, in particular a converter for LEDs, to a control unit connected to the operating device via its voltage supply lines. The method has numerous steps. The control unit temporarily interrupts an AC supply voltage of the operating device through phase cutting at the trailing edge or leading edge. In response thereto, the operating device sends information to the control unit.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, an operating device for lamps is provided, in particular a converter for LEDs. The operating device is designed for transmitting information to a control unit connected to the operating device via its voltage supply lines. The operating device has means for detecting that the AC supply voltage of the operating device is temporarily interrupted, preferably periodically. The operating device has means for applying a voltage signal to the voltage supply lines during the interruption of the AC supply voltage.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a system is provided. The system has such an operating device, as well as a control unit connected thereto via voltage supply lines. The control device can preferably interrupt the supply voltage through phase cutting at the leading edge or trailing edge.
The information transmission can preferably be transmitted from the operating device to the control unit in a digitally encoded form, in that the operating device selectively applies two discrete, different voltage signals to the voltage supply lines during the interruption of the AC supply voltage.
The temporary interruption of the AC supply voltage can preferably be interpreted by the operating device in the sense of a polling command for sending information to the control unit.
The operating device can preferably execute the application to the voltage supply lines starting from a DC voltage in the operating device.
The operating device can preferably execute the application to the voltage supply lines using a galvanically separated transmitter, in which a primary side of the carrier is switched on, and the secondary side of the transmitter is connected to the voltage supply lines.
Further features, advantages and functions of exemplary embodiments of the invention shall become clear from the following detailed description, based on the attached drawings.
A schematic depiction of an exemplary embodiment of a lighting system 1 in accordance with the present invention is shown in
The system 1 comprises three main elements, specifically a control unit ST, a converter K and an LED module L. The control unit ST is connected to a supply network 2. Corresponding input terminals 3, 4 of the control unit ST are provided for connecting to the supply network 2. These input terminals 3, 4 can each be connected to the neutral lead, or neutral conductor N and the phase conductor L of the supply network. The supply network 2 forms an alternating current voltage source, such that a supply voltage Vin is applied to the input terminals 3, 4 in the form of an AC voltage, or alternating current voltage, which can have a frequency, for example, of 50 Hz and an effective amplitude of 220 or 230 V.
The control unit ST comprises a controllable switch 5. Using this switch 5, the control unit ST is capable of conducting, or not conducting, the input-side alternating current voltage Vin to the outputs 6, 7 of the control unit ST. The switch 5 can be controlled by a control circuit SC, i.e. it can be switched on and off. The switch 5 is coupled to the phase conductor L and disposed between the input terminal 3 and the output terminal 6 of the control unit ST. When the switch 5 is actuated, i.e. switched on, the input terminal 3 and the output terminal 6 are electrically bridged.
When, in particular, the switch 5 is switched on, the supply voltage Vin is applied unchanged to the output 6, 7. On the other hand, the initial voltage V1 of the control unit ST is preferably a neutral voltage, as soon as the switch 5 is deactivated. The supply voltage Vin is not conducted further by the control unit ST in the latter case.
The control unit ST can be designed, in particular, to execute a leading edge phase cutting and/or trailing edge phase cutting of the supply voltage Vin. The leading edge phase cutting and/or trailing edge phase cutting of the supply voltage Vin is generated in particular by the switch 5, or by the control circuit SC.
The positive half-wave of the supply voltage Vin starts at the time t0, and ends at t4. The output voltage V1 is generated by the leading edge phase cutting, i.e. the sinusoidal supply voltage Vin is first kept at zero after a zero crossing, before it regains its value. This means that at time t0, corresponding to a zero crossing of the voltage, the switch 5 is off, or the switch 5 is deactivated by the control circuit SC. This results in the output voltage V1 remaining at zero volts. The switch is first switched on at a later time t3, which is preferably still in the first half of the half-wave. The output voltage V1 corresponds to the supply voltage Vin from time t3 until the end of the half-wave at t=t4.
In contrast thereto, in a trailing edge phase cutting, the output voltage at the start of the half-wave has the value of the supply voltage Vin, and at the end of the half-wave, has a value of 0 volts. Alternatively, the output voltage V1 can have a leading edge and trailing edge phase cutting, wherein it then has a value of 0 volts at the start and at the end of a half-wave of the supply voltage, and corresponds to the momentary value of the supply voltage Vin in the interim.
As is shown in
The output voltage V1 of the control unit ST, generated by the leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting of the supply voltage Vin, serves as the electrical supply for the converter K and the LED module L. The converter K comprises two input terminals, or terminal blocks 10, 11 for supplying the output voltage V1 to the control unit.
The converter comprises, at the input side, a bus voltage unit PSU, which is supplied with the output voltage V1, and generates a bus voltage, or intermediate circuit voltage Vbus. The bus voltage unit PSU can have a rectifier and/or a filter (not shown) at the input side. As a result, the supply voltage Vin having a leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting can be rectified and, if applicable, filtered.
Preferably, a power factor correction circuit (not shown) is applied to the network voltage after the rectifier and/or filter, which generates in the known manner a nearly constant bus voltage Vbus from the, if applicable, rectified and/or filtered voltage. The bus voltage Vbus can have a periodic and random deviation thereby.
Alternatively or additionally to the power factor correction circuit, the bus voltage unit PSU can have a direct current voltage converter, which ensures, in the known manner, that the output of the bus voltage unit PSU is an at least nearly constant bus voltage Vbus.
The bus voltage Vbus is supplied to a direct current voltage converter CS, which serves as a current source for the LED module L. Direct current voltage converters are already known per se. By way of example, the direct current voltage converter CS can be designed as a converter without a galvanic separation, e.g. as a down converter. Alternative topologies in the form of a converter with a galvanic separation are contemplated for the direct current voltage converter CS, e.g. in the form of a resonance converter.
The output voltage Vout of the converter K, i.e. the output of the direct current voltage converter CS, serves to operate the LED module L. The LED module L is an example of a lamp that can be connected to the converter K. By way of example, a gas discharge lamp could also be operated by the converter K. Preferably, the converter K is used to operate at least one LED. Preferably, an LED string operated by the converter K can have numerous LEDs connected in series. Alternatively, LEDs arranged in parallel, or a combination of LEDs connected in parallel and in series can be supplied. At least one LED is provided in the LED module 1 shown in
In accordance with the invention, the converter K is thus designed to apply a voltage signal V2 to the voltage supply lines 8, 9. The voltage signal V2 is applied, in particular, during an interruption of the output voltage V1, i.e. during a leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting gap.
This operation is shown in
The voltage signal V2 can be generated, e.g., by a flyback converter 12 which can be supplied with power, in particular, by the bus voltage Vbus. This flyback converter 12 comprises a transducer T in the form of a transformer, for example, having a primary winding N1 and a secondary winding N2. The transducer T serves to separate the potentials between a primary side, having the primary winding N1, and a secondary side, having the secondary winding N2. The voltage signal V2 is applied to the voltage supply lines on secondary side of the transducer.
The flyback converter 12 comprises a controllable switch SW1, which is connected in series to the primary winding N1. In the known manner, energy made available, by means of an appropriate alternating opening and closing of the switch SW1, from the voltage Vbus applied at the input side on the flyback converter can be applied to the secondary side of the flyback converter 12. The energy transmission occurs thereby when the switch SW1 is in the deactivated state, wherein a diode is also provided for this on the output side of the flyback converter 12.
The frequency and the pulse duty factor for activating the switch SW1 determine the amplitude of the voltage at the secondary winding N2, or determine the ratio of this amplitude to the bus voltage Vbus. Through a targeted on and off switching of the switch SW1, the converter K is thus capable of determining the height of the amplitude of the voltage at the secondary winding N2.
The converter K moreover comprises two further switches SW2, SW3 in order to apply the voltage at the secondary winding N2 in a targeted manner to the voltage supply lines 8, 9. The series circuit from the secondary winding N2 and the diode is interconnected between the two switches SW2, SW3. While the first terminal of these switches SW2, SW3 is connected to the secondary winding N2, or the diode, respectively, the second terminal of these switches SW2, SW3 is connected, in each case, with one of the voltage supply lines 8, 9.
The switches SW2, SW3 are switched on and off simultaneously, in order to selectively apply the voltage signal V2 to the voltage supply lines 8, 9. These switches SW2, SW3 are activated by a control circuit 15 of the converter K, wherein this control circuit 15 can determine, or detect, in particular, a gap 20, or a leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting of the output voltage V1. The control circuit 15 can control the switches SW2, SW3 such that the voltage signal V2 is applied in a targeted manner, in a gap 20, or in a leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting, to the voltage supply lines 8, 9. The switch SW1 is preferably likewise controlled by the control unit 15 of the converter K.
The control unit ST is then designed, according to the invention, to capture the voltage at the output terminals 6, 7, in particular in the gap 20, or the leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting, that is created. This voltage can be evaluated by the control unit as information.
The control unit ST preferably captures the voltage at the output terminals 6, 7, substantially in the middle of the gap 20, i.e. substantially at the point in time (t1+t2)/2. The converter preferably ensures that the voltage signal V2 is present in the middle of the gap 20. Temporal synchronization of the control unit ST and the converter K is important, in order to ensure that an applied voltage signal V2 is also correctly recorded.
A binary code can be derived from the voltage detected by the control unit ST during a leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting. The reference symbol V in
In the exemplary embodiment described above, the converter K can either apply a constant, positive voltage signal V2 or the zero voltage. Alternatively, the converter can also selectively apply another constant voltage signal V3, wherein the amplitudes of the signals V2 and V3 should be different. Thus, the converter K can transmit the logical information 0, 1 or 2 to the control unit ST, each time the voltage signal 0 volts, V2 or V3 is applied. The converter can apply even more different amplitude values in this sense, wherein more information can then be transmitted within a half-wave. On the other hand, this can result, in certain circumstances, in difficulties in the correct transmission of the digital information by the control unit.
The converter K preferably transmits information after an appropriate query, or polling command by the control unit ST. For this, e.g., the presence of a leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting in a half-wave of the output voltage V1 can be evaluated by the converter K as a logical 0. A half-wave of the output voltage V1 without a gap 20, or without a leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting, can conversely be determined as a logical 1 by the converter K. A reversed interpretation as a logical 1 and logical 0 is of course possible. As a result, the control unit ST can send digital data to the converter K, such as commands, for example, wherein each command is defined by a specific bit string.
The control unit can thus, e.g., send the converter K a command for transmitting specific information. This command is determined in particular by the converter K by measuring the output voltage V1 in numerous successive half-waves. As soon as the control unit ST has sent the command, it executes a leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting in each half-wave in order to enable a return of information by the converter K. The converter K can then transmit the desired information through a targeted application over the voltage supply lines to the control unit ST.
The transmitted information can relate to the value of an electrical parameter of the converter or the LED module—e.g. current through the LEDs—or to the temperature in the region of the converter. Alternatively, the converter can be coupled to some arbitrary sensor (not shown), e.g. a movement sensor or daylight sensor, and with an appropriate query from the control unit ST, transmit a measurement value from this sensor to the control unit ST.
In accordance with the invention, a protocol for the output voltage V1 regarding properties of the leading edge and/or trailing edge phase cutting can be stipulated between a control circuit and the LED converter. The bit string, obtained by means of the control unit ST from the leading edge and/or the trailing edge phase cutting, is not simply converted to a dimming value. Instead, complex encodings of the leading edge or trailing edge phase cutting sequences can be evaluated as queries/commands.
The present invention enables the transmission of appropriate information from the converter K back to the control unit ST. The communication between the converter K and the control unit ST is bi-directional. Alternatively, it can also be provided, according to the invention, that at least one data transmission from the LED converter to the control unit ST occurs.
In accordance with the invention, information from the converter K is retrieved when an appropriate retrieval command (polling) is sent from the control unit ST to the converter K, encoded by the leading edge or trailing edge phase cutting, respectively.
The converter K uses the time period tO-t3 for the return path from the converter K to the control unit ST when the control unit ST interrupts the supply voltage in the manner of a leading edge or trailing edge phase cutting. More precisely, the converter K modulates a voltage to form the interrupted supply voltage in accordance with a defined protocol, in the leading edge phase cutting gap or in the trailing edge phase cutting gap, respectively. The control unit ST reads the modulated voltage signal V2 in the leading edge phase cutting gap or in the trailing edge phase cutting gap.
In accordance with the present invention, there is no modulation of the output voltage V1, in particular, but rather, the information is returned by the converter (slave) to the control unit (master) in time periods in which the supply voltage is entirely shut off.
In accordance with the present invention, information is preferably modulated on the voltage supply lines for the return channel from the converter to the control unit while the supply voltage is shut off by the control unit, by means of a separate supply voltage of the converter.
The advantage with the invention is also that, due to the interrupted supply line at the control unit, the information voltage V2 selectively switched on by the converter K is sent only as far as the control unit ST, but is unable to be conducted further, due to the interruption.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2014 205 746.9 | Mar 2014 | DE | national |
The present application is the U.S. national stage application of International Application PCT/EP2015/055008, filed Mar. 11, 2015, which international application was published on Oct. 1, 2015 as International Publication WO 2015/144430 A1. The International Application claims priority of German Patent Application 10 2014 205 746.9 filed Mar. 27, 2014.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2015/055008 | 3/11/2015 | WO | 00 |
