Patent Application
20250167847
This disclosure relates to a method of operating a device in a wireless communication system and a device using the method.
As more and more communication devices require more communication capacity, there is a need for improved mobile broadband communication over existing radio access technology. Also, massive machine type communications (MTC), which provides various services by connecting many devices and objects, is one of the major issues to be considered in the next generation communication. In addition, communication system design considering reliability/latency sensitive service/user equipment (UE) is being discussed. The introduction of next generation radio access technology considering enhanced mobile broadband communication (eMBB), massive MTC (mMTC), ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC) is discussed. This new technology may be called new radio access technology (new RAT or NR) in the present disclosure for convenience.
In NR, full duplex (FD) operation can be supported/performed. When performing FD operation, downlink reception and uplink transmission can occur simultaneously in a given time resource. Half duplex (HD) operation differs in that only one of downlink reception and uplink transmission can be performed in a given time resource. For FD operation, i) in the same time resource, some frequency resources may be allocated as a downlink subband and other frequency resources as an uplink subband, or ii) in the same time resource, shared frequency resources may be allocated that can be used for both downlink reception and uplink transmission. The FD in i) above may be referred to as a subband FD (SB-FD), and the FD in ii) above may be referred to as a spectrum-sharing FD (SS-FD).
Meanwhile, if the reference signal is transmitted on a downlink frequency resource in a time resource operating as SB-FD, it may be difficult for the UE to perform adequate channel state information (CSI) measurements across the downlink frequency resource. For example, since the downlink frequency resource is adjacent to the uplink frequency resource, cross link interference (CLI) may prevent meaningful CSI measurements at the edges of the downlink frequency resource.
In this case, when the UE performs a CSI report across the entire downlink frequency resource, inaccurate or unnecessary CSI may be reported.
The technical problem that the present disclosure aims to solve is to provide a method of operating a device in a wireless communication system and a device that uses the method.
In one aspect, provided is a method of operating a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving a CSI configuration message informing a CSI resource, receiving a full duplex (FD) configuration message informing an FD time resource operating as full duplex and at least one of a downlink (DL) frequency resource and an uplink (UL) frequency resource, measuring a reference signal within the CSI resource and transmitting a measurement result. A boundary measurement result of measuring the reference signal at a boundary frequency resource related to a frequency resource located at an edge of the DL frequency resource among the CSI resource is omitted from the measurement result of the CSI-RS.
In another aspect, provided is a UE performing the method. The UE includes a transceiver, at least one memory, and at least one processor operably coupled to the at least one memory and the transceiver. The processor performs the method of operation of the UE described above.
In still another aspect, an apparatus of a UE is provided. The apparatus includes at least one memory and at least one processor operably coupled to the at least one memory. The processor performs the aforementioned method.
In still another aspect, provided is at least one computer readable medium (CRM) comprising instructions based on being executed by at least one processor.
In still another aspect, provided is a method of operating a base station in a wireless communication system. The method includes transmitting a CSI configuration message, transmitting a full duplex (FD) configuration message, the FD configuration message informs an FD time resource operating as full duplex and at least one of a downlink (DL) frequency resource used for a downlink and an uplink (UL) frequency resource used for an uplink in the FD time resource, transmitting a reference signal within the CSI resource and receiving a measurement result of the reference signal. A boundary measurement result of measuring the CSI-RS at a boundary frequency resource related to a frequency resource located at an edge of the DL frequency resource among the CSI resource is not included in the measurement result of the CSI-RS.
In another aspect, provided is a base station which includes a transceiver, at least one memory, and at least one processor operably coupled to the at least one memory and the transceiver. The processor performs the above method.
In a system supporting full duplex operation, the configured CSI measurement frequency band may include frequency resources where the UE is unable to properly measure the reference signal or where interference makes it difficult to obtain meaningful CSI measurement results. In such cases, the UE may omit CSI reporting for those frequency resources. Therefore, the accuracy and efficiency of channel state information reporting can be improved, and unnecessary power consumption of the UE can be prevented.
In the present specification, “A or B” may mean “only A”, “only B” or “both A and B”. In other words, in the present specification, “A or B” may be interpreted as “A and/or B”. For example, in the present specification, “A, B, or C” may mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination of A, B, C”.
A slash (/) or comma used in the present specification may mean “and/or”. For example, “A/B” may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. For example, “A, B, C” may mean “A, B, or C”.
In the present specification, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. In addition, in the present specification, the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” may be interpreted as “at least one of A and B”.
In addition, in the present specification, “at least one of A, B, and C” may mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination of A, B, and C”. In addition, “at least one of A, B, or C” or “at least one of A, B, and/or C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and C”.
In addition, a parenthesis used in the present specification may mean “for example”. Specifically, when indicated as “control information (PDCCH)”, it may mean that “PDCCH” is proposed as an example of the “control information”. In other words, the “control information” of the present specification is not limited to “PDCCH”, and “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of the “control information”. In addition, when indicated as “control information (i.e., PDCCH)”, it may also mean that “PDCCH” is proposed as an example of the “control information”.
Technical features described individually in one figure in the present specification may be individually implemented, or may be simultaneously implemented.
The E-UTRAN includes a base station (BS) 20 which provides a control plane and a user plane to a user equipment (UE) 10. The UE 10 may be fixed or mobile, and may be referred to as another terminology, such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), a wireless device, terminal etc. The BS 20 is generally a fixed station that communicates with the UE 10 and may be referred to as another terminology, such as an evolved node-B (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point, etc.
The BSs are interconnected by means of an X2 interface. The BSs are also connected by means of an S1 interface to an evolved packet core (EPC) 30, more specifically, to a mobility management entity (MME) through S1-MME and to a serving gateway (S-GW) through S1-U.
The EPC 30 includes an MME, an S-GW, and a packet data network-gateway (P-GW). The MME has access information of the UE or capability information of the UE, and such information is generally used for mobility management of the UE. The S-GW is a gateway having an E-UTRAN as an end point. The P-GW is a gateway having a PDN as an end point.
Layers of a radio interface protocol between the UE and the network can be classified into a first layer (L1), a second layer (L2), and a third layer (L3) based on the lower three layers of the open system interconnection (OSI) model that is well-known in the communication system. Among them, a physical (PHY) layer belonging to the first layer provides an information transfer service by using a physical channel, and a radio resource control (RRC) layer belonging to the third layer serves to control a radio resource between the UE and the network. For this, the RRC layer exchanges an RRC message between the UE and the BS.
Referring to
Data is moved between different PHY layers, that is, the PHY layers of a transmitter and a receiver, through a physical channel. The physical channel may be modulated according to an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and use the time and frequency as radio resources.
The functions of the MAC layer include mapping between a logical channel and a transport channel and multiplexing and demultiplexing to a transport block that is provided through a physical channel on the transport channel of a MAC Service Data Unit (SDU) that belongs to a logical channel. The MAC layer provides service to a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer through the logical channel.
The functions of the RLC layer include the concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of an RLC SDU. In order to guarantee various types of Quality of Service (QOS) required by a Radio Bearer (RB), the RLC layer provides three types of operation mode: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through an Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ).
The RRC layer is defined only on the control plane. The RRC layer is related to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers, and is responsible for control of logical channels, transport channels, and PHY channels. An RB means a logical route that is provided by the first layer (PHY layer) and the second layers (MAC layer, the RLC layer, and the PDCP layer) in order to transfer data between UE and a network.
The function of a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer on the user plane includes the transfer of user data and header compression and ciphering. The function of the PDCP layer on the user plane further includes the transfer and encryption/integrity protection of control plane data.
What an RB is configured means a process of defining the characteristics of a wireless protocol layer and channels in order to provide specific service and configuring each detailed parameter and operating method. An RB can be divided into two types of a Signaling RB (SRB) and a Data RB (DRB). The SRB is used as a passage through which an RRC message is transmitted on the control plane, and the DRB is used as a passage through which user data is transmitted on the user plane.
If RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of UE and the RRC layer of an E-UTRAN, the UE is in the RRC connected state. If not, the UE is in the RRC idle state.
A downlink transport channel through which data is transmitted from a network to UE includes a broadcast channel (BCH) through which system information is transmitted and a downlink shared channel (SCH) through which user traffic or control messages are transmitted. Traffic or a control message for downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through an additional downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transport channel through which data is transmitted from UE to a network includes a random access channel (RACH) through which an initial control message is transmitted and an uplink shared channel (SCH) through which user traffic or control messages are transmitted.
Logical channels that are placed over the transport channel and that are mapped to the transport channel include a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).
The physical channel includes several OFDM symbols in the time domain and several subcarriers in the frequency domain. One subframe includes a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain. An RB is a resources allocation unit, and includes a plurality of OFDM symbols and a plurality of subcarriers. Furthermore, each subframe may use specific subcarriers of specific OFDM symbols (e.g., the first OFDM symbol) of the corresponding subframe for a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), that is, an L1/L2 control channel. A Transmission Time Interval (TTI) is a unit time for subframe transmission.
Hereinafter, a new radio access technology (new RAT, NR) will be described.
As more and more communication devices require more communication capacity, there is a need for improved mobile broadband communication over existing radio access technology. Also, massive machine type communications (MTC), which provides various services by connecting many devices and objects, is one of the major issues to be considered in the next generation communication. In addition, communication system design considering reliability/latency sensitive service/UE is being discussed. The introduction of next generation radio access technology considering enhanced mobile broadband communication (eMBB), massive MTC (mMTC), ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC) is discussed. This new technology may be called new RAT or NR in the present disclosure for convenience.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
The following table 1 illustrates a subcarrier spacing configuration u.
The following table 2 illustrates the number of slots in a frame (Nframe,μslot), the number of slots in a subframe (Nsubframe,μslot), the number of symbols in a slot (Nslotsymb), and the like, according to subcarrier spacing configurations μ.
Table 2-1 below illustrates that the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe vary depending on the SCS, in case of using an extended CP.
In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerologies (e.g., SCS, CP length, and so on) may be differently configured between a plurality of cells integrated to one UE. Accordingly, an (absolute time) duration of a time resource (e.g., SF, slot or TTI) (for convenience, collectively referred to as a time unit (TU)) configured of the same number of symbols may be differently configured between the integrated cells.
A slot may include a plurality of symbols in a time domain. For example, in case of a normal CP, one slot may include 14 symbols (or 7 symbols). However, in case of an extended CP, one slot may include 12 symbols (or 6 symbols). A carrier may include a plurality of subcarriers in a frequency domain. A resource block (RB) may be defined as a plurality of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., 12 subcarriers) in the frequency domain. A bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as a plurality of contiguous (physical) resource blocks ((P) RBs) in the frequency domain, and the BWP may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, and so on). The carrier may include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication may be performed via an active BWP, and only one BWP may be activated for one UE. In a resource grid, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE), and one complex symbol may be mapped thereto.
A physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) may include one or more control channel elements (CCEs) as illustrated in the following table 3.
That is, the PDCCH may be transmitted through a resource including 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs. Here, the CCE includes six resource element groups (REGs), and one REG includes one resource block in a frequency domain and one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in a time domain.
Monitoring implies decoding of each PDCCH candidate according to a downlink control information (DCI) format. The UE monitors a set of PDCCH candidates in one or more CORESETs (to be described below) on an active DL BWP of each activated serving cell in which PDCCH monitoring is configured, according to a corresponding search space set.
A new unit called a control resource set (CORESET) may be introduced in the NR. The UE may receive a PDCCH in the CORESET.
Referring to
The UE may attempt to detect a PDCCH in units of 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs in the CORESET. One or a plurality of CCEs in which PDCCH detection may be attempted may be referred to as PDCCH candidates.
A plurality of CORESETs may be configured for the UE.
A control region in the related art wireless communication system (e.g., LTE/LTE-A) is configured over the entire system band used by a base station (BS). All the UEs, excluding some (e.g., eMTC/NB-IoT UE) supporting only a narrow band, shall be able to receive wireless signals of the entire system band of the BS in order to properly receive/decode control information transmitted by the BS.
On the other hand, in NR, CORESET described above was introduced. CORESET is radio resources for control information to be received by the UE and may use only a portion, rather than the entirety of the system bandwidth. The BS may allocate the CORESET to each UE and may transmit control information through the allocated CORESET. In the NR, the UE may receive control information from the BS, without necessarily receiving the entire system band.
The CORESET may include a UE-specific CORESET for transmitting UE-specific control information and a common CORESET for transmitting control information common to all UEs.
On the other hand, NR may require high reliability depending on the application field. In this situation, the target block error rate (BLER) for downlink control information (DCI) transmitted through a downlink control channel (e.g., physical downlink control channel: PDCCH) may be significantly lower than that of the prior art. As an example of a method to satisfy the requirement for such high reliability, the amount of content included in DCI can be reduced and/or the amount of resources used when transmitting DCI can be increased. At this time, the resources may include at least one of resources in the time domain, resources in the frequency domain, resources in the code domain, and resources in the spatial domain.
In NR, the following technologies/features can be applied.
In NR, as shown in
In
In this data and control TDMed subframe structure, a time gap for a base station and a UE to switch from a transmission mode to a reception mode or from the reception mode to the transmission mode may be required. To this end, some OFDM symbols at a time when DL switches to UL may be set to a guard period (GP) in the self-contained subframe structure.
In an NR system, a DL control channel, DL or UL data, a UL control channel, and the like may be contained in one slot. For example, first N symbols (hereinafter, DL control region) in the slot may be used to transmit a DL control channel, and last M symbols (hereinafter, UL control region) in the slot may be used to transmit a UL control channel. N and M are integers greater than or equal to 0. A resource region (hereinafter, a data region) which exists between the DL control region and the UL control region may be used for DL data transmission or UL data transmission. For example, the following configuration may be considered. Respective durations are listed in a temporal order.
A PDCCH may be transmitted in the DL control region, and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) may be transmitted in the DL data region. A physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) may be transmitted in the UL control region, and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) may be transmitted in the UL data region. Downlink control information (DCI), for example, DL data scheduling information, UL data scheduling information, and the like, may be transmitted on the PDCCH. Uplink control information (UCI), for example, ACK/NACK information about DL data, channel state information (CSI), and a scheduling request (SR), may be transmitted on the PUCCH. A GP provides a time gap in a process in which a BS and a UE switch from a TX mode to an RX mode or a process in which the BS and the UE switch from the RX mode to the TX mode. Some symbols at the time of switching from DL to UL within a subframe may be configured as the GP.
Wavelengths are shortened in millimeter wave (mmW) and thus a large number of antenna elements can be installed in the same area. That is, the wavelength is 1 cm at 30 GHz and thus a total of 100 antenna elements can be installed in the form of a 2-dimensional array at an interval of 0.5 lambda (wavelength) in a panel of 5×5 cm. Accordingly, it is possible to increase a beamforming (BF) gain using a large number of antenna elements to increase coverage or improve throughput in mmW.
In this case, if a transceiver unit (TXRU) is provided to adjust transmission power and phase per antenna element, independent beamforming per frequency resource can be performed. However, installation of TXRUs for all of about 100 antenna elements decreases effectiveness in terms of cost. Accordingly, a method of mapping a large number of antenna elements to one TXRU and controlling a beam direction using an analog phase shifter is considered. Such analog beamforming can form only one beam direction in all bands and thus cannot provide frequency selective beamforming.
Hybrid beamforming (BF) having a number B of TXRUs which is smaller than Q antenna elements can be considered as an intermediate form of digital BF and analog BF. In this case, the number of directions of beams which can be simultaneously transmitted are limited to B although it depends on a method of connecting the B TXRUs and the Q antenna elements.
When a plurality of antennas is used in NR, hybrid beamforming which is a combination of digital beamforming and analog beamforming is emerging. Here, in analog beamforming (or RF beamforming) an RF end performs precoding (or combining) and thus it is possible to achieve the performance similar to digital beamforming while reducing the number of RF chains and the number of D/A (or A/D) converters. For convenience, the hybrid beamforming structure may be represented by N TXRUs and M physical antennas. Then, the digital beamforming for the L data layers to be transmitted at the transmitting end may be represented by an N by L matrix, and the converted N digital signals are converted into analog signals via TXRUs, and analog beamforming represented by an M by N matrix is applied.
System information of the NR system may be transmitted in a broadcasting manner. In this case, in one symbol, analog beams belonging to different antenna panels may be simultaneously transmitted. A scheme of introducing a beam RS (BRS) which is a reference signal (RS) transmitted by applying a single analog beam (corresponding to a specific antenna panel) is under discussion to measure a channel per analog beam. The BRS may be defined for a plurality of antenna ports, and each antenna port of the BRS may correspond to a single analog beam. In this case, unlike the BRS, a synchronization signal or an xPBCH may be transmitted by applying all analog beams within an analog beam group so as to be correctly received by any UE.
In the NR, in a time domain, a synchronization signal block (SSB, or also referred to as a synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel (SS/PBCH)) may consist of 4 OFDM symbols indexed from 0 to 3 in an ascending order within a synchronization signal block, and a PBCH related with a primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) may be mapped to the symbols. As described above, the synchronization signal block may also be represented by an SS/PBCH block.
In NR, since a plurality of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) may be transmitted at different times, respectively, and the SSB may be used for performing initial access (IA), serving cell measurement, and the like, it is preferable to transmit the SSB first when transmission time and resources of the SSB overlap with those of other signals. To this purpose, the network may broadcast the transmission time and resource information of the SSB or indicate them through UE-specific RRC signaling.
In NR, beams may be used for transmission and reception. If reception performance of a current serving beam is degraded, a process of searching for a new beam through the so-called Beam Failure Recovery (BFR) may be performed.
Since the BFR process is not intended for declaring an error or failure of a link between the network and a UE, it may be assumed that a connection to the current serving cell is retained even if the BFR process is performed. During the BFR process, measurement of different beams (which may be expressed in terms of CSI-RS port or Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) index) configured by the network may be performed, and the best beam for the corresponding UE may be selected. The UE may perform the BFR process in a way that it performs an RACH process related with a beam yielding a good measurement result.
Now, a transmission configuration indicator (hereinafter, TCI) state will be described. The TCI state may be configured for each CORESET of a control channel, and may determine a parameter for determining an RX beam of the UE, based on the TCI state.
For each DL BWP of a serving cell, a UE may be configured for three or fewer CORESETs. Also, a UE may receive the following information for each CORESET.
QCL will be described. If a characteristic of a channel through which a symbol on one antenna port is conveyed can be inferred from a characteristic of a channel through which a symbol on the other antenna port is conveyed, the two antenna ports are said to be quasi co-located (QCLed). For example, when two signals A and B are transmitted from the same transmission antenna array to which the same/similar spatial filter is applied, the two signals may go through the same/similar channel state. From a perspective of a receiver, upon receiving one of the two signals, another signal may be detected by using a channel characteristic of the received signal.
In this sense, when it is said that the signals A and B are quasi co-located (QCLed), it may mean that the signals A and B have went through a similar channel condition, and thus channel information estimated to detect the signal A is also useful to detect the signal B. Herein, the channel condition may be defined according to, for example, a Doppler shift, a Doppler spread, an average delay, a delay spread, a spatial reception parameter, or the like.
A ‘TCI-State’ parameter associates one or two downlink reference signals to corresponding QCL types (QCL types A, B, C, and D, see Table 4).
Each ‘TCI-State’ may include a parameter for configuring a QCL relation between one or two downlink reference signals and a DM-RS port of a PDSCH (or PDCCH) or a CSI-RS port of a CSI-RS resource.
Meanwhile, for each DL BWP configured to a UE in one serving cell, the UE may be provided with 10 (or less) search space sets. For each search space set, the UE may be provided with at least one of the following information.
In the NR, a CORESET #0 may be configured by a PBCH (or a UE-dedicated signaling for handover or a PSCell configuration or a BWP configuration). A search space (SS) set #0 configured by the PBCH may have monitoring offsets (e.g., a slot offset, a symbol offset) different for each associated SSB. This may be required to minimize a search space occasion to be monitored by the UE. Alternatively, this may be required to provide a beam sweeping control/data region capable of performing control/data transmission based on each beam so that communication with the UE is persistently performed in a situation where a best beam of the UE changes dynamically.
Referring to
The UE which is powered on again in a power-off state or which newly enters a cell performs an initial cell search operation such as adjusting synchronization with the BS or the like (S11). To this end, the UE receives a primary synchronization channel (PSCH) and a secondary synchronization channel (SSCH) from the BS to adjust synchronization with the BS, and acquire information such as a cell identity (ID) or the like. In addition, the UE may receive a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) from the BS to acquire broadcasting information in the cell. In addition, the UE may receive a downlink reference signal (DL RS) in an initial cell search step to identify a downlink channel state.
(Initial) cell search can be said to be a procedure in which the UE obtains time and frequency synchronization with a cell and detects the cell ID of the cell. Cell search may be based on the cell's primary synchronization signal and secondary synchronization signal, and PBCH DMRS.
Upon completing the initial cell search, the UE may receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink control channel (PDSCH) corresponding thereto to acquire more specific system information (S12).
Thereafter, the UE may perform a random access procedure to complete an access to the BS (S13˜S16). Specifically, the UE may transmit a preamble through a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S13), and may receive a random access response (RAR) for the preamble through a PDCCH and a PDSCH corresponding thereto (S14). Thereafter, the UE may transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) by using scheduling information in the RAR (S15), and may perform a contention resolution procedure similarly to the PDCCH and the PDSCH corresponding thereto (this can be said to be the process of receiving a competition resolution message) (S16).
After performing the aforementioned procedure, the UE may perform PDCCH/PDSCH reception (S17) and PUSCH/physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission (S18) as a typical uplink/downlink signal transmission procedure. Control information transmitted by the UE to the BS is referred to as uplink control information (UCI). The UCI includes hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARQ) acknowledgement (ACK)/negative-ACK (NACK), scheduling request (SR), channel state information (CSI), or the like. The CSI includes a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indication (RI), or the like. In general, the UCI is transmitted through the PUCCH. However, when control information and data are to be transmitted simultaneously, the UCI may be transmitted through the PUSCH. In addition, the UE may aperiodically transmit the UCI through the PUSCH according to a request/instruction of a network.
In order to enable reasonable battery consumption when bandwidth adaptation (BA) is configured, only one uplink BWP and one downlink BWP or only one downlink/uplink BWP pair for each uplink carrier may be activated at once in an active serving cell, and all other BWPs configured in the UE are deactivated. In the deactivated BWPs, the UE does not monitor the PDCCH, and does not perform transmission on the PUCCH, PRACH, and UL-SCH.
For the BA, RX and TX bandwidths of the UE are not necessarily as wide as a bandwidth of a cell, and may be adjusted. That is, it may be commanded such that a width is changed (e.g., reduced for a period of low activity for power saving), a position in a frequency domain is moved (e.g., to increase scheduling flexibility), and a subcarrier spacing is changed (e.g., to allow different services). A subset of the entire cell bandwidth of a cell is referred to as a bandwidth part (BWP), and the BA is acquired by configuring BWP(s) to the UE and by notifying the UE about a currently active BWP among configured BWPs. When the BA is configured, the UE only needs to monitor the PDCCH on one active BWP. That is, there is no need to monitor the PDCCH on the entire downlink frequency of the cell. A BWP inactive timer (independent of the aforementioned DRX inactive timer) is used to switch an active BWP to a default BWP. That is, the timer restarts when PDCCH decoding is successful, and switching to the default BWP occurs when the timer expires.
Hereinafter, an integrated access and backhaul link (IAB) will be described. Hereinafter, for convenience of description, a proposed method will be described based on a new RAT (NR) system. However, the range of the system to which the proposed method is applied is expandable to other systems such as 3GPP LTE/LTE-A systems in addition to the NR system.
One of the potential technologies aimed at enabling future cellular network deployment scenarios and applications is support for wireless backhaul and relay links, and it enables flexible and highly dense deployment of NR cells without the need to proportionally densify the transport network.
It is expected that greater bandwidth in NR compared to LTE will be available (e.g., mmWave spectrum) with the native deployment of massive MIMO or multi-beam systems, thus, occasions are created for the development and deployment of integrated access and backhaul links. This makes it easier of a dense network of self-backhauled NR cells in a more integrated manner by establishing multiple control and data channels/procedures defined to provide access or access to the UEs. Such systems are referred to as integrated access and backhaul links (IAB).
This disclosure defines the following.
In this case, the node may mean a donor gNB (DgNB) or a relay node (RN). Here, the DgNB or the donor node may be a gNB that provides a function to support backhaul to IAB nodes.
When relay node 1 and relay node 2 exist, relay node 1 which is connected to relay node 2 by a backhaul link and relaying data transmitted and received to relay node 2 is called a parent node of relay node 2, and relay node 2 is called a child node of relay node 1.
Technical features described individually in one drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.
The following drawings were prepared to explain a specific example of the present specification. Since the names of specific devices or specific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are provided as examples, the technical features of this specification are not limited to the specific names used in the drawings below.
Now, full duplex operation will be described.
In 5G, new service types such as extended reality (XR), artificial intelligence-based service, and self-driving car are emerging. These services have characteristics that dynamically change traffic in both downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) directions, and require low latency for traffic (e.g., packets) to be transmitted. In 5G services, traffic will increase explosively to support these various new use cases.
Existing semi-static or dynamic TDD UL/DL configurations have limitations such as transmission time delay and interference between operators. The existing FDD method has limitations in terms of efficient frequency resource utilization in the DL/UL direction. Therefore, for low latency and efficient resource utilization in NR, the introduction of full duplex operation within a single carrier is being discussed.
Referring to
In the case of SB-FD, DL and UL are transmitted and received through different frequency resources within the same carrier (e.g., carrier #0). That is, different frequency resources are used in DL and UL for the same time resource.
In the case of SS-FD, DL and UL are transmitted and received through the same or overlapped frequency resources within the same carrier (e.g., carrier #0). That is, the same or overlapping frequency resources can be used in DL and UL for the same time resource.
This full-duplex (FD) operation can also be used in combination with the existing half-duplex (HD) operation. For example, among time resources used for existing half-duplex-based TDD (time division duplex) operation, some time resources may be used for full duplex operation. SB-FD or SS-FD operations can be performed on time resources that perform full duplex operations.
In (a) of
In time resources operating as SB-FD, some frequency resources are used as DL resources, and other frequency resources are used as UL resources. Between the DL frequency resource and the UL frequency resource, there may be a guard subband that is unused and empty for both DL and UL. Guard subbands may also be referred to by other terms, such as guard frequency resources or guard subcarrier(s).
In time resources operating with SS-FD, the entire frequency resource can be used for both DL and UL. Or, to reduce the impact of interference from other adjacent carriers (this may be referred to as ACI (adjacent carrier interference)), Some frequency resources at one or both ends (edges) of the carrier may not be used for DL and/or UL. That is, one or both ends of the carrier can be used as an unused guard band (guard subband) for both DL and UL. Alternatively, to reduce ACI on UL reception, one or both ends of the carrier may be used only for DL transmission.
In this disclosure, a slot resource that operate as HD is referred to as a HD slot, and a slot resource that operate as SB-FD and a slot resource that operate as SS-FD are referred to as a SB-FD slot and a SS-FD slot, respectively. The SS-FD slot and the SS-FD slot are also collectively referred to as FD slots.
In the present disclosure, in time resources operating in FD, among all frequency resources, frequency resources operating in DL are referred to as a DL subband, and frequency resources operating in UL are also referred to as an UL subband, for convenience.
In the case of full duplex operation, both the base station and the UE can perform full duplex operation. That is, both the base station and the UE can simultaneously perform DL and UL transmission and reception using the same or different frequency resources in the same time resource.
Alternatively, only the base station can perform full duplex operation and the UE can perform half duplex operation. The base station can simultaneously perform transmission and reception of DL and UL using the same or different frequency resources in the same time resource, but the UE only performs DL reception or UL transmission in a specific time resource. In this case, the base station performs full duplex operation by performing DL transmission and UL reception with different UEs at the same time.
The content of the present disclosure is described assuming that the base station performs/supports a full duplex operation, but the UE performs/supports a half duplex operation. However, the content of the present disclosure can be applied even when both the base station and the UE perform/support full duplex operation.
Based on the above discussion, this disclosure proposes a method for setting up downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) resources for intra-carrier full duplex operation.
In the following, the term network may be interpreted as gNB or CU/DU. The term UE may also be interpreted as MT of an IAB-node.
This disclosure assumes that a cell (base station) can perform both DL transmission and UL reception in the same time resource in an FD scheme such as SB-FD or SS-FD. For example, the base station may perform HD operation in a first time resource and FD operation in a second time resource (which may be a time resource other than the first time resource).
The first time resource performing HD operation performs DL operation or UL operation across the frequency resources that comprise the entire system bandwidth. Within the first time resource performing the HD operation, the network performs the DL operation through the 1-1 time resource and the UL operation through the 1-2 time resource. At this time, the 1-1 time resource and the 1-2 time resource do not overlap with each other.
In the second time resource performing the FD operation, the network performs DL operations through all or part of the frequency resources (first frequency resources) among the frequency resources that constitute the system band of the cell, and performs UL operations through all or part of the frequency resources (second frequency resources).
Referring to (a) of
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The first frequency resource and/or the second frequency resource may have all or some of the following characteristics.
The network determines the ‘first time resource’ and ‘second time resource’, and the ‘first frequency resource’ and ‘second frequency resource’ as described above, and provides all or part of the corresponding information to the UE. The network performs DL transmission to the UE on ‘1-1 time resource within the first time’ and ‘first frequency resource within the second time resource’, and performs UL reception from the UE on ‘1-2 time resource within the first time resource’ and the ‘second frequency resource within the second time resource’.
The UE receives all or part of the information about the ‘first time resource’ and ‘second time resource’, and the ‘first frequency resource’ and ‘second frequency resource’ as described above from the network, and determines the location of the resource. The UE performs DL reception from the network on all or part of the “1-1 time resource within the first time resource” and the “first frequency resource within the second time resource”, and UL transmission to the network on the “1-2 time resource within the first time resource” and the “second frequency resource within the second time resource”.
In the following, it is proposed a method for configuring resources for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) reference signals (RS) for intra-carrier full duplex operation.
In the prior art, frequency resources within a specific band are used for all downlink or all uplink at any given time. Therefore, the UE may determine that the resources set to receive the downlink reference signal (DL RS) or transmit the uplink reference signal (UL RS) are all available for downlink reception or uplink transmission and perform transmission and reception.
On the other hand, in FD environments such as SB-FD, SS-FD, etc., some frequency resources may not be available for downlinks in the time resource where the cell is operating as a downlink, or some frequency resources may not be available for uplinks in the time resource where the cell is operating as an uplink. In such a case, the resources set for the UE to receive DL RS may be set to avoid unavailable resources for downlink, and the resources set for the UE to transmit UL RS may be set to avoid unavailable resources for uplink. However, difficulties may arise in setting the frequency resources of the reference signal (RS) to avoid the above unused resources, for example, when the FD slot and HD slot are changed dynamically.
In view of this, the present disclosure sets the frequency resources of DL RS and UL RS in consideration of the unavailable frequency resources, and explains a RS transmission and reception method considering these frequency resources.
In addition, considering the above environment, we propose a method for the UE to perform a CSI report to the base station.
CSI-RS transmission-related content proposed in this disclosure may include both zero power (ZP) CSI-RS and non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS.
The CSI-RS proposed in this disclosure may include the following.
CSI-RS related configurations (e.g., ‘CSI ResourceConfig’, ‘CSI ReportConfig’) for CSI measurement may be, for example, as follows.
‘CSI ResourceConfig’ can specify what type of reference signal (e.g., nzp-CSI-RS-SSB, csi-IM-Resource) is transmitted. In addition, the type of transmission (periodic, aperiodic, semipersistent) can be set.
‘CSI ReportConfig’ can specify the ‘CSI ResourceConfig’ to be used for measurement, and can include a mapping table between the measurement type and the corresponding ‘CSR ResourceConfig ID’.
The frequency resource on which the CSI-RS is transmitted may consist of contiguous physical resource block (PRB) resources (i.e., from the RB indicated by ‘startingRB’ to as many RBs as indicated by ‘nrofRBs’), as indicated in the following table.
The PRB resources over which CSI-RS is transmitted may be set via the ‘CSI-FrequencyOccupation’ (see Table 5) within the information element (IE) ‘CSI-RS-ResourceMapping’. The UE receives the values ‘startingRB’ and ‘nrofRBs’ from the network via ‘CSI-FrequencyOccupation’. This allows the UE to determine that a contiguous number of ‘nrofRBs’ (which may be the number indicated by ‘nrofRBs’, hereinafter all the same) of PRB resources from the PRB resource location indicated by ‘startingRB’ constitute the CSI-RS transmission resource.
CSI-related measurements may include the following:
CSI-RSRP measurements can be used for connection mode mobility, power control calculations, and beam management. Measurements can be generated and reported at both Layer 1 and Layer 3. For example, a UE may provide CSI-RSRP measurements at Layer 1 when it sends CSI to the base station. Alternatively, the UE may provide CSI-RSRP measurements at Layer 3 when sending RRC measurement reports. CSI-RSRP represents the average power received from a single RE assigned to the CSI-RS. The measurement may be filtered at Layer 1 to remove the effects of noise and improve measurement accuracy.
CSI-RSRQ measurements can be used in mobility procedures. Unlike the RSRP measurement, the RSRQ measurement may not be used when reporting CSI.
CSI-RSRQ can be defined as CSI-RSRQ=CSI-RSRP/(RSSI/N).
Here, N is the number of resource blocks for which the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is measured, i.e., RSSI/N defines the RSSI per resource block. RSSI represents the total received power from all sources, including interference and noise. RSRP and RSSI are measured on the same set of resource blocks. RSSI is measured over the duration of symbols containing CSI RS RE.
CSI-SINR can be used in the connection mode mobility procedure. CSI-SINR represents the ratio of the desired signal power to the interference plus noise power. Both the desired signal power and the interference plus noise power are measured at the RE used by the CSI-RS.
Below, the ‘CSI-RS-ResourceConfigMobility’ information element in Table 6 can be used to set CSI-RS-based RRM measurement.
The PRB resource to which CSI-RS for RRM measurement is transmitted is configured via ‘csi-rs-MeasurementBW’ in ‘CSI-RS-CellMobility’ in the table above. The UE receives the values of ‘startPRB’ and ‘nrofPRBs’ from the network via ‘csi-rs-MeasurementBW’. This enables the UE to determine that ‘nrofPRBs’ contiguous PRB resources from the PRB resource location indicated by ‘startPRB’ constitute the CSI-RS transmission resource.
In the present disclosure, CSI-RS for tracking may mean tracking reference signal (TRS).
Oscillators are not realistically perfect and can be flawed. Because of this, the device should track and compensate for changes in time and frequency to successfully receive the base station's downlink transmission. To assist the device in this task, a TRS may be configured. The TRS may be a set of resources consisting of a number of periodic non-zero power (NZP)-CSI-RSs. For example, the TRS may comprise CSI-RSs with a certain density located within two consecutive slots. The CRS-RSs within the resource set, i.e., the TRS, may be set at a period of 10, 20, 40, or 80 ms. The set of resource elements (subcarriers and OFDM symbols) used in the TRS may be varied, but there is always a time domain separation of four symbols between two CSI-RSs within a slot. This time domain separation sets a limit on the frequency error that can be tracked. Similarly, frequency domain separation (e.g., separation by four subcarriers) sets a limit on the timing error that can be tracked.
In below, the CSI may comprise at least one of the following.
Channel Quality Information (CQI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), SS/PBCH Resource Block Indicator (SSBRI), Layer Indicator (LI), Rank Indicator (RI), and/or L1-RSRP.
If the UE is performing CSI reporting to the network, there may be two granularities of frequency granularity for CSI reporting: wide-band and subband.
A higher layer parameter (e.g., ‘cqi-FormatIndicator’) may set wideband CQI reporting or subband CQI reporting. When wideband CQI reporting is enabled, wideband CQIs are reported on a codeword-by-codeword basis for the entire CSI reporting band. When subband CQI reporting is enabled, one CQI is reported per codeword for each subband within the CSI reporting band.
Wideband PMI reporting or subband PMI reporting may be set by a higher layer parameter (e.g., ‘pmi-FormatIndicator’). When wideband PMI reporting is set, the wideband PMI for the entire CSI reporting band is reported. If subband PMI reporting is enabled, a single wideband indication is reported for the entire CSI reporting band and one subband indication is reported for each subband, except for the two antenna ports. If subband PMIs are set for two antenna ports in a CSI reporting band, a PMI is reported for each subband within the CSI reporting band.
The frequency granularity (wideband vs subband) at which the UE performs CSI reporting may be determined by a combination of values of one or several RRC parameters, as shown in the table below.
For CSI reporting, the UE receives configurations from the network for a frequency resource on which to perform CSI measurements. The UE may determine that the frequency resource on which the CSI-RS for CSI measurement is transmitted (i.e., the CSI measurement frequency band or the CSI-RS transmission frequency resource) is the CSI reporting band.
When CSI-RS is transmitted in the FD slot, the CSI-RS transmission frequency resource may contain DL unavailable frequencies. In this case, the UE has frequency resources that cannot receive CSI-RS within the CSI reporting band.
Alternatively, the UE may be configured or determine the transmission frequency resource of the CSI-RS taking into account the DL unavailable frequency resource, i.e., the CSI reporting band may be configured to exclude the DL unavailable frequency resource. In this case, if the UE is capable of filtering and receiving DL signals for only one contiguous frequency resource region, and the first frequency resource comprises a plurality (e.g., two) sets of contiguous frequency resources, the UE may only receive DL signals transmitted in one contiguous frequency resource.
Therefore, when CSI-RS is transmitted on discontinuous frequency resources taking into account DL unavailable frequency resources, the UE may not be able to receive CSI-RS on some of the frequency resources on which CSI-RS is transmitted. That is, when the transmission frequency resources of the CSI-RS comprise a plurality of PRB sets (e.g., two PRB sets), each PRB set comprising contiguous PRB resources, the UE may only be able to actually receive in one (or some of the plurality of PRB sets) of the PRB sets.
In such cases, the UE may only perform actual CSI measurements on a subset of the PRB set resources, rather than on all resources for which CSI-RS was transmitted. For ease of description, a UE that is capable of filtering and receiving DL signals for only one contiguous frequency resource region is referred to in this disclosure as a single-band filtering UE.
This disclosure proposes a method for receiving CSI-RS and a method for CSI reporting (=reporting) by a UE when some of the frequency resources set as transmission resources for CSI-RS as described above are DL-unavailable frequency resources, or when the UE is unable to receive DL from some frequency resources within the CSI reporting band due to problems caused by the UE's capability, etc.
If the UE is only able to receive CSI-RS from some PRB resources among the CSI-RS transmission resources, it may only be able to perform CSI measurements for a subset of the total CSI reporting band. For example, if the CSI-RS frequency resources consist of two PRB sets, and the UE can only receive CSI-RS for one PRB set, the UE can only perform CSI measurements for the frequency resources included in the one PRB set. In view of this, an enhancement is required in the operation of the UE to perform CSI measurements or CSI reporting.
CSI reporting frequency resources in this disclosure refer to frequency resources that perform CSI reporting, and wideband (broadband) reporting and subband reporting may respectively mean the following.
For wideband reporting, CSI reporting frequency resource means the entire CSI reporting band in which the UE performs a CSI measurement. This may mean the entire frequency resource that receives CSI-RS for a CSI measurement. In other words, the CSI reporting frequency resource may mean the entire frequency resource that performs a CSI measurement.
For subband reporting, CSI reporting frequency resource refers to each subband within the CSI reporting band in which the UE performs a CSI measurement. In other words, CSI reporting frequency resource may mean each subband that is a unit of CSI reporting.
The CSI value referred to in this disclosure may mean a CQI value (CQI index) when the UE reports CQI, and may mean a PMI value (codebook index (indices)) when the UE reports PMI.
While this disclosure proposes operation for CSI measurement and reporting, the content of this disclosure may also be extended/applied to performing and reporting L1 measurements. L1 measurements in the NR may include RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and SINR, and the UE may perform the measurements using the synchronization signal (SS) and/or CSI-RS.
SS-RSRP: SS-RSRP stands for Synchronization Signal reference signal received power. It is defined as the linear average over the power contributions (in Watt) of the resource elements that carry SSS. The measurement time resource(s) for SS-RSRP are confined within SS/PBCH Block Measurement Time Configuration (SMTC) window duration.
CSI-RSRP: CSI-RSRP stands for CSI reference signal received power. It is defined as the linear average over the power contributions (in watt) of the resource elements that carry CSI-RS configured for RSRP measurements within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth in the configured CSI-RS occasions. For CSI-RSRP determination, CSI reference signals transmitted on a specific antenna port (e.g., antenna port 3000) shall be used, if CSI_RSRP is used for L1-RSRP, CSI reference signals transmitted on antenna ports 3000, 3001 can be used.
NR-RSSI: NR-RSSI stands for NR carrier Received Signal Strength Indicator, it comprises the linear average of the total received power (in Watt) observed only in certain OFDM symbols of measurement time resource(s), in the measurement bandwidth (over N number of resource blocks from all sources, including co-channel serving and non-serving cells, adjacent channel interference, thermal noise etc.). The measurement time resource(s) for NR Carrier RSSI are confined within SS/PBCH Block Measurement Time Configuration (SMTC) window duration.
CSI-RSSI: CSI-RSSI stands for CSI Received Signal Strength Indicator, it comprises the linear average of the total received power (in Watt) observed only in OFDM symbols of measurement time resource(s), in the measurement bandwidth (over N number of resource blocks from all sources, including cochannel serving and non-serving cells, adjacent channel interference, thermal noise etc.). The measurement time resource(s) for CSI-RSSI corresponds to OFDM symbols containing configured CSI-RS occasions.
SS-RSRQ: SS-RSRQ stands for Secondary synchronization Signal Reference Signal Received Quality. It is defined as the ratio of NxSS-RSRP/NR carrier RSSI, where N is the number of resource blocks in the NR carrier RSSI measurement bandwidth. The measurements in the numerator and denominator shall be made over the same set of resource blocks.
CSI-RSRQ: is defined as the ratio of NxCSI-RSRP to CSI-RSSI, where N is the number of resource blocks in the RSSI measurement bandwidth. The measurements in the numerator and denominator shall be made over the same set of resource blocks. CSI-RSRQ measurement is applicable for following:
SS-SINR: SS-SINR stands for SS signal-to-noise and interference ratio. It is defined as the linear average over the power contribution (in Watt) of the resource elements carrying SSS divided by the linear average of the noise and interference power contribution (in Watt) over the resource elements carrying SSS within the same frequency bandwidth.
CSI-SINR: CSI-SINR stands for CSI signal-to-noise and interference ratio. It is defined as the linear average over the power contribution (in Watt) of the resource elements carrying CSI reference signals divided by the linear average of the noise and interference power contribution (in Watt) over the resource elements carrying CSI reference signals within the same frequency bandwidth.
Currently, when the amount of CSI transmission resources (e.g., the amount of PUSCH resources when CSI is multiplexed to PUSCH) is small compared to the CSI information to be transmitted in the NR, the transmission of the CSI block(s) with lower priority is omitted, and only some of the CSI in the total CSI is transmitted with priority. When such CSI transmission is performed, the priority of the CSI blocks and the method of determining the CSI blocks may be specified as follows. Furthermore, this operation may only apply to the transmission of CSI part 2.
If CSI reporting via PUSCH consists of two parts, the UE may omit portions of the Part 2 CSI. The omission of Part 2 CSI can be done based on the priorities shown in Table 8. In the table below, NRep is the number of CSI reports set to be transmitted through PUSCH. Priority 0 is the highest priority and priority 2NRep is the lowest priority. CSI report n corresponds to the CSI report with the nth smallest Prii,CSI(y,k,c,s) value among the NRep CSI reports.
The subbands for a given CSI report n, as indicated by the higher layer parameter ‘csi-ReportingBand’, shall be numbered consecutively in increasing order, with the lowest subband in ‘csi-ReportingBand’ being subband 0. When omitting Part 2 CSI information for a specific priority level, the UE shall omit all information at that priority level.
The following table illustrates the priority reporting levels for Part 2 CSI.
When the reference signal is transmitted on a downlink frequency resource in a time resource operating as SB-FD, it may be difficult for the UE to perform adequate channel state information (CSI) measurements across the downlink frequency resource. For example, since the downlink frequency resource is adjacent to the uplink frequency resource, cross link interference (CLI) may prevent meaningful CSI measurements at the edges of the downlink frequency resource.
Similarly, if some frequency resources are not available for downlink (DL) reception, or the channel quality is too poor to receive a proper downlink signal, it can be considered reducing unnecessary CSI reporting overhead by not performing (i.e., omitting) CSI reporting for those frequency resources.
To this end, this disclosure proposes operation for a UE to perform CSI reporting by excluding some subbands or sets of subbands when performing CSI reporting. When performing CSI reporting by excluding some subbands or sets of subbands, a UE may behave as follows.
When performing subband CSI reporting, the UE reports to the base station only the CSI values for the remaining subbands, excluding some subbands or sets of subbands.
When performing wideband CSI reporting, the UE determines the wideband CSI value using a reference signal (RS) received from a subband resource that excludes some subband or set of subbands, or using a measured CSI value, and reports it to the base station. Such CSI reporting is hereinafter referred to as Subband omission CSI reporting.
In this section, it is proposed a method for the UE to determine whether to apply subband omission CSI reporting when reporting CSI.
The UE can receive configurations indicating whether the corresponding cell operates in SB-FD and/or SS-FD from the base station through SIB/RRC, etc.
The UE may receive from the base station, via SIB/RRC/MAC-CE/DCI or the like, whether an FD slot exists in the cell and/or the location of the FD slot. If an FD slot is set to exist or if a specific slot is set/instructed to be an FD slot, the UE may determine that the cell is operating as SB-FD and/or SS-FD.
The UE may receive/be provided/be configured information on the existence and/or location of the downlink (DL) subband and/or uplink (UL) subband from the base station via SIB/RRC/MAC-CE/DCI, etc. If the DL subband and/or UL subband is set to be present, the UE may determine that the cell is operating as SB-FD and/or SS-FD.
In this case, a plurality of the above methods may be applied together to determine whether subband omission CSI reporting is applicable. In this case, the UE may determine that subband omission CSI reporting applies when at least one of a plurality of conditions is satisfied, or when all of the conditions are satisfied.
For example, the subband omission CSI reporting method as described above can be set within the ‘CSI-ResourceConfig’, making it ‘CSI-ResourceConfig’ specific.
Depending on the embodiment, the subband omission CSI reporting method described above may be applied only to some time resources. For this purpose, information about time resources to which subband omission CSI reporting is applied can be set. Alternatively, subband omission CSI reporting may be applied only to FD slots.
A UE may perform CSI reporting by applying the subband omission CSI reporting proposed in this disclosure if it determines that it applies subband omission CSI reporting in CSI reporting through the method described above.
A UE may perform CSI reporting applying subband omission CSI reporting for the entire frequency resource for which the UE performs CSI measurement and reporting.
Alternatively, a UE may apply subband omission CSI reporting, whereby CSI reporting is performed by excluding some of these subbands or sets of subbands only within some limited frequency resources.
After determining the frequency resources for which subband omission CSI reporting is performed, the UE may perform CSI reporting applying subband omission CSI reporting for these frequency resources, and perform CSI reporting as usual for the remaining frequency resources. This allows for operation that performs CSI reporting for all subbands within a frequency resource, for frequency resources that are important for DL reception, or for frequency resources where channel quality is generally expected to be good, and performs CSI reporting by omission for some subbands for frequency resources that are less important or where channel quality may be poor.
The frequency resource may consist of one or more subbands or sets of subbands.
This section proposes a method for determining the frequency resource on which a UE performs CSI reporting with subband omission CSI reporting.
In some embodiments, the location information of the frequency resources may be set in bitmap format. In this case, each bit indicates whether each unit frequency resource is included in the resources performing subband omission CSI reporting. From the bitmap, the UE may determine the location of the frequency resources performing subband omission CSI reporting.
In some embodiments, information about the starting position and length of the frequency resource may be configured. In this case, it may be determined that a unit frequency resource having a number of consecutive lengths from the start position is included in the frequency resource for which subband omission CSI reporting is applied. Furthermore, a plurality of such starts and lengths may be set, such that a plurality of consecutive frequency resources may be set.
According to an embodiment, the UE may be configured with a set of N frequency resources from the base station via an RRC message. The positions of the frequency resources comprising each set may be configured via a ‘bitmap’ or ‘indicating a starting position and length’, for example. The UE may then receive information from the base station via DCI about the location of the frequency resources in the set of N frequency resources that perform (or do not perform) subband omission CSI reporting.
For example, via an RRC message, set 0 to include all frequency resources, set 1 to include some frequency resources, set 2 to include another set of some frequency resources, and set 3 to not include all frequency resources are configured, and the set of frequency resources that perform (or do not perform) subband omission CSI reporting may be indicated via DCI.
In this case, the edge of the first frequency resource has: i) an edge located in the inner part of the frequency resource comprising the cell and adjacent to the second frequency resource used as the UL (hereinafter referred to as the inner edge), and ii) an edge located in the outer part of the frequency resource comprising the cell and adjacent to the edge of the cell (hereinafter referred to as the outer edge).
In this case, frequency resources adjacent to both the inner and outer edges of the first frequency resource may be included in the frequency resources for which subband omission CSI reporting is applied. To this end, Lout and Lin may each be set. Here, Lin may mean the number of unit frequency resources from the inner edge of the first frequency resource, and Lout may mean the number of unit frequency resources from the outer edge of the first frequency resource.
Referring to
Alternatively, frequency resources adjacent to the inner edge of the first frequency resource may be included in the frequency resources to which subband omission CSI reporting is applied. For this purpose, a Lin may be set. Lin in this case means the number of unit frequency resources from the inner edge of the first frequency resource. If the first frequency resource comprises a plurality of subbands, a Lin may be set for each subband separately. Alternatively, only one value (Lin) may be set and that value may be common to the plurality of subbands.
Alternatively, frequency resources adjacent to the outer edge of the first frequency resource may be included in the frequency resources to which subband omission CSI reporting is applied. For this purpose, a Lout may be set. In this case, Lout means the number of unit frequency resources from the outer edge of the first frequency resource. If the first frequency resource comprises a plurality of subbands, the Lout may be set for each subband separately. Alternatively, only one value (Lout) may be set and that value may be common to the plurality of subbands.
The UE may receive information about the presence and/or location of the DL subband and/or UL subband from the base station through SIB/RRC, etc.
The unit frequency resource may be at least one of, for example, a subband, a set of subbands (N consecutive subbands), a PRB, a set of PRBs (M consecutive PRBs). The term subband may refer to a subband as a unit for performing subband CSI reporting. The value of N or M may be defined in a standard specification or may be set by the base station.
The configurations of frequency resources to which subband omission CSI reporting is applied are configured in ‘CSI-ResourceConfig’, so the applied frequency resources may differ depending on ‘CSI-ResourceConfig’.
The following table is an example of ‘CSI-ResourceConfig’.
In the table above, ‘bwp-Id’ indicates the DL BWP where the CSI-RS related with this ‘CSI-ResourceConfig’ is located.
‘csi-IM-ResourceSetList’ is a reference list for CSI-IM resources used for CSI measurement and reporting in the CSI-RS resource set.
‘csi-ResourceConfigId’ is used to refer to the instance of ‘CSI-ResourceConfig’ in ‘CSI-ReportConfig’.
‘csi-SSB-ResourceSetList’ and ‘csi-SSB-ResourceSetListExt’ are reference lists for SSB resources used for CSI measurement and reporting in the CSI-RS resource set.
‘nzp-CSI-RS-ResourceSetList’ is a reference list for NZP (non-zero power) CSI-RS resources used for beam measurement and reporting in the CSI-RS resource set.
‘resourceType’ indicates the time domain operation of resource configuration.
Within this ‘CSI-ResourceConfig’, information indicating the frequency resource to which subband omission CSI reporting is applied may be added.
Additionally, different time resources may have different configurations for frequency resources that apply subband omission CSI reporting. Alternatively, the configuration for frequency resources that apply subband omission CSI reporting may only apply for some time resources (a set of time (slot) resources). Configurations for these frequency resources may be applied only to FD slots.
5.3. Method for Determining Subband/Subband Set to be Omitted when Reporting CSI.
This section proposes a method for determining which subband resources are excluded from CSI reporting when a UE performs subband omission CSI reporting by excluding some subband or set of subbands.
Such subband omissions may only be performed within frequency resources that apply subband omission CSI reporting as in 5.2 above.
If a UE applies the subband omission CSI reporting proposed in this disclosure, it is proposed to perform CSI reporting by excluding a subband or set of subbands, as follows.
The amount of interference may be equal to a value corresponding to a cross link interference (CLI) amount (e.g., CLI-RSSI and/or SRS-RSRP). Alternatively, the amount of interference may be equal to a value corresponding to the RSSI (e.g., NR-RSSI and/or CSI-RSSI).
Specifically, this amount of interference may mean an average amount or a total amount for the frequency resources that comprise the subband/subband set.
The amount of interference on which the determination is based may be specified in a standard specification or set by the base station.
The value of the channel quality may be the same as the value corresponding to the RSRQ (e.g., SS-RSRQ and/or CSI-RSRQ). Alternatively, the value of the channel quality may be equal to a value corresponding to the SINR (e.g., SS-SINR and/or CSI-SINR). Alternatively, it may be equal to a CQI value.
Specifically, such a channel quality value may refer to an average value or a total value for the frequency resources comprising the subband/subband set.
The value of the channel quality on which the determination is based may be specified in a standard specification or set by the base station.
To this end, the UE can receive information about the presence and/or location of the DL subband and/or UL subband from the base station through SIB/RRC, etc.
In this case, the edge of the first frequency resource has an edge located in the inner part of the frequency resource comprising the cell and adjacent to the second frequency resource used as the UL (i.e., the inner edge) and an edge located in the outer part of the frequency resource comprising the cell and adjacent to the edge of the cell (i.e., the outer edge).
In this case, some subbands/sets of subbands from the inner and outer edges of the first frequency resource can be excluded from CSI reporting. At this time, Kout and Kin subbands/subband sets from the outer edge and inner edge of the first frequency resource, respectively, can be excluded from CSI reporting.
If there are multiple first frequency resources (where each first frequency resource consists of contiguous frequency resources) within a frequency resource for which subband omission CSI reporting is applied, there may be a separate Kout and Kin for each first frequency resource. Alternatively, a single Kin value may be common to the plurality of first frequency resources, and/or a single Kout value may be common to the plurality of first frequency resources. In some embodiments, only one K value may be present, which is common to both Kout and Kin.
In this case, the K value (or Kout and/or Kin value), which is the number of subbands/sets of subbands that are excluded from CSI reporting, may be set by the base station. Alternatively, the UE may determine and apply as many K values (or Kout and/or Kin values) as necessary. If the UE determines and applies the value of K, the UE may report to the base station information about the value of K or information about the location of subbands/sets of subbands that are excluded from CSI reporting (as described later in Section 5.4).
Alternatively, some subbands/sets of subbands from the inner edge of the first frequency resource may be excluded from CSI reporting. In this case, each of Kin subbands/subband sets from the inner edge of the first frequency resource may be excluded from CSI reporting.
If there are multiple first frequency resources (where each first frequency resource consists of contiguous frequency resources) within a frequency resource for which subband omission CSI reporting is applied, there may be a separate Kin for each first frequency resource. Alternatively, a single Kin value may be commonly applied to the plurality of first frequency resources.
In this case, the K value (or Kin value), which is the number of subbands/sets of subbands that are excluded from CSI reporting, can be set by the base station. Alternatively, the UE may determine and apply as many K values (or Kin values) as necessary. If the UE determines and applies the value of K, the UE may report information about the value of K or information about the location of the subband/subband set excluded from CSI reporting to the base station (as described in Section 5.4 below).
Alternatively, some subbands/sets of subbands from the outer edge of the first frequency resource may be excluded from CSI reporting. In this case, Kout subbands/sets of subbands from the outer edge of the first frequency resource may each be excluded from CSI reporting.
If there are multiple first frequency resources (where each first frequency resource consists of contiguous frequency resources) within a frequency resource for which subband omission CSI reporting is applied, there may be a separate Kout for each first frequency resource. Alternatively, a single Kout value may be commonly applied to the plurality of first frequency resources.
In this case, the K value (or Kout value), which is the number of subbands/sets of subbands that are excluded from CSI reporting, can be set by the base station. Alternatively, the UE may determine and apply as many K values (or Kout values) as necessary. If the UE determines and applies the value of K, the UE may report to the base station information about the value of K or information about the location of the subbands/subband sets excluded from CSI reporting (as described in Section 5.4 below).
At this time, these priorities can be defined in advance and specified in standard specifications. Characteristically, these priorities may be as shown in Table 8 above. Alternatively, these priorities may be set by the base station.
In this case, the K value, which is the number of subbands/sets of subbands that are excluded from CSI reporting, can be set by the base station. Alternatively, the UE may determine and apply the value of K as required. If the UE determines and applies the value of K, the UE may report information about the value of K or information about the location of the subband/subband set excluded from CSI reporting to the base station as described in Section 5.4 below.
According to an embodiment, the UE may omit CSI reporting for K (K being a natural number) subbands of lower priority according to the priority configured for each subband. In this case, among the CSI resources, the subband(s) may be de-prioritised such that the subband(s) included in the boundary frequency resource corresponding to the frequency resource located at the edge of the DL frequency resource are included in the K subbands.
In this case, a plurality of conditions for subbands/sets of subbands that are excluded (or not excluded) from such CSI reporting may be defined in advance, and the UE may be configured with, from the base station, a condition or combination of conditions that actually apply. For example, when a plurality of predefined conditions are condition #n, condition #n+1, . . . , condition #m, which combination of these conditions is actually applied (e.g., condition #n+1, condition #n+3) can be set from the base station.
For example, multiple subbands/subband sets that are (or are not) excluded from CSI reporting may be configured via the RRC, and the location of the subbands/subband sets that are actually excluded from CSI reporting may be instructed via the DCI.
A subband, the unit of frequency resource excluded from CSI reporting, may be the same as a subband used for subband CSI reporting. The unit of frequency resource excluded from CSI reporting may be the same as a subband set, where each subband set may consist of N consecutive (contiguous) subbands. In this case, the value of N may be defined in a standard specification or may be set by the base station.
A plurality of the above methods may be applied together to determine which subbands are excluded from CSI reporting. In this case, the UE may determine that a specific subband is excluded from CSI reporting if at least one of the plurality of conditions is met, or if all of the conditions are met.
If a specific subband or part of a set of subbands meets the above conditions, then all of the subbands included in that subband or set of subbands can be determined to be subbands that are excluded from CSI reporting. Alternatively, if a specific subband or part of a set of subbands meets the above conditions, then all of the subbands included in that subband or set of subbands may be determined to be subbands that are not excluded from CSI reporting.
Referring to
The UE receives a full duplex (FD) configuration message from the network (S172). The full duplex configuration message informing an FD time resource operating in full duplex and at least one of a DL frequency resource used for downlink and a UL frequency resource used for uplink in the FD time resource.
The UE measures the channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) within the CSI resource (S173).
The UE transmits the measurement result of the CSI-RS (S174). At this time, the UE omits, from the measurement result of the CSI-RS, the boundary measurement result of the CSI-RS measured at the boundary frequency resource corresponding to the frequency resource located at the edge of the DL frequency resource among the above CSI resources.
As described in more detail in Sections 5.2 and/or 5.3, the subband/subband set/frequency resource (i.e., boundary frequency resource) for which CSI reporting is omitted may be determined or defined by a variety of methods.
For example, the boundary frequency resource may be a subband or set of subbands having an interference amount equal to or larger than a first threshold. The first threshold may be a predetermined or network-determined value.
In accordance with embodiments, the boundary frequency resource may be a subband or set of subbands having a channel quality value equal to or smaller than the second threshold.
According to an embodiment, the UE may omit CSI reporting for K (K being a natural number) subbands of lower priority according to the priority configured per subband, but may de-prioritise the subbands such that the subbands included in the boundary frequency resource are included in the K subbands.
If only some frequency resources in the FD time resource are used as DL frequency resources, the UE may also omit the measurement results of CSI-RS in the subband/subband set/frequency resources corresponding to the UL frequency resources or in the subband/subband set/frequency resources not corresponding to the DL frequency resources.
The boundary frequency resource may be K subbands or K subband sets (where K is a natural number) which are contiguous subbands from the boundary of the DL frequency resource. The value of K may be a value set by the base station.
Alternatively, the K value may be a value determined and applied by the UE. In this case, the UE may report the K value to the base station before transmitting the measurement results of the CSI-RS.
Referring to
The UE does not report to the network the boundary measurement result of measuring the above CSI-RS on the boundary frequency resources (i.e., Lin,1, Lin,2) corresponding to the frequency resources located at the edge of the first frequency resource. That is, the UE performs CSI-RS reception and measurement on the boundary frequency resources, but omit CSI reporting.
Referring to
The base station transmits a full duplex (FD) configuration message to the UE (S192). The full duplex configuration message indicates an FD time resource operating in full duplex and at least one of a DL frequency resource used for downlink and a UL frequency resource used for uplink in the FD time resource.
The base station transmits to the UE a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) within the above CSI resource (S193).
The UE measures the CSI-RS (S194) and transmits the measurement result to the base station (S195), i.e., the base station receives the CSI-RS measurement result report transmitted by the UE. In this case, the CSI-RS measurement result report omits the boundary measurement result described above.
In other words, the boundary measurement result, which is the measurement result of the above CSI-RS at the boundary frequency resource corresponding to the frequency resource located at the edge of the DL frequency resource among the above CSI resources, is not included in the measurement result of the CSI-RS.
In systems supporting full duplex operation, the set CSI measurement frequency band may include frequency resources where the UE is unable to properly measure the reference signal or where interference makes it difficult to obtain meaningful CSI measurement results. In such cases, according to the method of
5.4. Reporting Method for Omitted Subbands/Subband Sets when Reporting CSI.
If a UE performs CSI reporting that excludes some subbands/subband sets, the network needs to know information about the some subbands/subband sets resources that are excluded from such CSI reporting. To this end, the UE may report to the network information about the some subbands/subband sets excluded from CSI reporting.
This section proposes a method for the UE to report information about excluded subbands/sets of subbands when reporting CSI to the network.
Alternatively, Method 2 may be applied when the omission of a subband/set of subbands is performed in a predetermined priority/order as in Method 5 in Section 5.4 above. In such cases, the UE may report a value corresponding to K to the network.
The UE may report such information to the network via UCI, MAC CE, RRC, etc. If the information for the subband/subband set excluded from CSI reporting is time resource specific, the information for the subband/subband set excluded from CSI reporting may be reported with the corresponding time resource information. ###
Referring to
The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104 and additionally further include one or more transceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108. The processors 102 may control the memory 104 and/or the transceivers 106 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processors 102 may process information within the memory 104 to generate first information/signals and then transmit radio signals including the first information/signals through the transceivers 106. In addition, the processor 102 may receive radio signals including second information/signals through the transceiver 106 and then store information obtained by processing the second information/signals in the memory 104. The memory 104 may be connected to the processory 102 and may store a variety of information related to operations of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 may store software code including commands for performing a part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Herein, the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 106 may be connected to the processor 102 and transmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108. The transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may be interchangeably used with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In the present specification, the wireless device may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.
The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204 and additionally further include one or more transceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and/or the transceiver 206 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor 202 may process information within the memory 204 to generate third information/signals and then transmit radio signals including the third information/signals through the transceiver 206. In addition, the processor 202 may receive radio signals including fourth information/signals through the transceiver 206 and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information/signals in the memory 204. The memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and may store a variety of information related to operations of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 may store software code including commands for performing a part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Herein, the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 206 may be connected to the processor 202 and transmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208. The transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may be interchangeably used with an RF unit. In the present specification, the wireless device may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.
Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described more specifically. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by, without being limited to, one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Unit (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document and provide the generated signals to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may receive the signals (e.g., baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and acquire the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented with at least one computer readable medium (CRM) including instructions to be executed by at least one processor.
That is, at least one computer readable medium (CRM) having an instruction to be executed by at least one processor to perform operations includes: receiving a channel state information (CSI) configuration message, the CSI configuration message including starting resource block information informing a physical resource block (PRB) from which CSI resource starts with respect to a common resource block #0 (CRB #0) of a common resource block grid, and information for a number of resource blocks, receiving a full duplex (FD) configuration message, the FD configuration message informing an FD time resource operating as full duplex and at least one of a downlink (DL) frequency resource used for a downlink and an uplink (UL) frequency resource used for an uplink in the FD time resource, measuring a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) within the CSI resource and transmitting a measurement result of the CSI-RS, wherein, a boundary measurement result of measuring the CSI-RS at a boundary frequency resource related to a frequency resource located at an edge of the DL frequency resource among the CSI resource is omitted from the measurement result of the CSI-RS.
The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software and the firmware or software may be configured to include the modules, procedures, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in the one or more memories 104 and 204 so as to be driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands, and/or a set of commands.
The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or commands. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by Read-Only Memories (ROMs), Random Access Memories (RAMs), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memories (EPROMs), flash memories, hard drives, registers, cash memories, computer-readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be located at the interior and/or exterior of the one or more processors 102 and 202. In addition, the one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 through various technologies such as wired or wireless connection.
The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the methods and/or operational flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document, from one or more other devices. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit and receive radio signals. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. In addition, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. In addition, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to the one or more antennas 108 and 208 and the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document, through the one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, the one or more antennas may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals/channels etc. from RF band signals into baseband signals in order to process received user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. using the one or more processors 102 and 202. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert the user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. processed using the one or more processors 102 and 202 from the base band signals into the RF band signals. To this end, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and/or filters.
Referring to
The transmitting device can transmit one or more codewords. Coded bits in each codeword are scrambled by the corresponding scrambler 301 and transmitted over a physical channel. A codeword may be referred to as a data string and may be equivalent to a transport block which is a data block provided by the MAC layer.
Scrambled bits are modulated into complex-valued modulation symbols by the corresponding modulator 302. The modulator 302 can modulate the scrambled bits according to a modulation scheme to arrange complex-valued modulation symbols representing positions on a signal constellation. The modulation scheme is not limited and m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying) or m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) may be used to modulate the coded data. The modulator may be referred to as a modulation mapper.
The complex-valued modulation symbols can be mapped to one or more transport layers by the layer mapper 303. Complex-valued modulation symbols on each layer can be mapped by the antenna port mapper 304 for transmission on an antenna port.
Each resource block mapper 305 can map complex-valued modulation symbols with respect to each antenna port to appropriate resource elements in a virtual resource block allocated for transmission. The resource block mapper can map the virtual resource block to a physical resource block according to an appropriate mapping scheme. The resource block mapper 305 can allocate complex-valued modulation symbols with respect to each antenna port to appropriate subcarriers and multiplex the complex-valued modulation symbols according to a user.
Signal generator 306 can modulate complex-valued modulation symbols with respect to each antenna port, that is, antenna-specific symbols, according to a specific modulation scheme, for example, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), to generate a complex-valued time domain OFDM symbol signal. The signal generator can perform IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) on the antenna-specific symbols, and a CP (cyclic Prefix) can be inserted into time domain symbols on which IFFT has been performed. OFDM symbols are subjected to digital-analog conversion and frequency up-conversion and then transmitted to the receiving device through each transmission antenna. The signal generator may include an IFFT module, a CP inserting unit, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and a frequency upconverter.
Referring to
The transmitting device can scramble coded bits in a codeword by the corresponding scrambler 401 and then transmit the scrambled coded bits through a physical channel.
Scrambled bits are modulated into complex-valued modulation symbols by the corresponding modulator 402. The modulator can modulate the scrambled bits according to a predetermined modulation scheme to arrange complex-valued modulation symbols representing positions on a signal constellation. The modulation scheme is not limited and pi/2-BPSK (pi/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying) or m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) may be used to modulate the coded data.
The complex-valued modulation symbols can be mapped to one or more transport layers by the layer mapper 403.
Complex-valued modulation symbols on each layer can be precoded by the precoder 404 for transmission on an antenna port. Here, the precoder may perform transform precoding on the complex-valued modulation symbols and then perform precoding. Alternatively, the precoder may perform precoding without performing transform precoding. The precoder 404 can process the complex-valued modulation symbols according to MIMO using multiple transmission antennas to output antenna-specific symbols and distribute the antenna-specific symbols to the corresponding resource block mapper 405. An output z of the precoder 404 can be obtained by multiplying an output y of the layer mapper 403 by an N×M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of layers.
Each resource block mapper 405 maps complex-valued modulation symbols with respect to each antenna port to appropriate resource elements in a virtual resource block allocated for transmission.
The resource block mapper 405 can allocate complex-valued modulation symbols to appropriate subcarriers and multiplex the complex-valued modulation symbols according to a user.
Signal generator 406 can modulate complex-valued modulation symbols according to a specific modulation scheme, for example, OFDM, to generate a complex-valued time domain OFDM symbol signal. The signal generator 406 can perform IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) on antenna-specific symbols, and a CP (cyclic Prefix) can be inserted into time domain symbols on which IFFT has been performed. OFDM symbols are subjected to digital-analog conversion and frequency up-conversion and then transmitted to the receiving device through each transmission antenna. The signal generator 406 may include an IFFT module, a CP inserting unit, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and a frequency upconverter.
The signal processing procedure of the receiving device may be reverse to the signal processing procedure of the transmitting device. Specifically, the processor of the transmitting device decodes and demodulates RF signals received through antenna ports of the transceiver. The receiving device may include a plurality of reception antennas, and signals received through the reception antennas are restored to baseband signals, and then multiplexed and demodulated according to MIMO to be restored to a data string intended to be transmitted by the transmitting device. The receiving device may include a signal restoration unit that restores received signals to baseband signals, a multiplexer for combining and multiplexing received signals, and a channel demodulator for demodulating multiplexed signal strings into corresponding codewords. The signal restoration unit, the multiplexer and the channel demodulator may be configured as an integrated module or independent modules for executing functions thereof. More specifically, the signal restoration unit may include an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting an analog signal into a digital signal, a CP removal unit that removes a CP from the digital signal, an FET module for applying FFT (fast Fourier transform) to the signal from which the CP has been removed to output frequency domain symbols, and a resource element demapper/equalizer for restoring the frequency domain symbols to antenna-specific symbols. The antenna-specific symbols are restored to transport layers by the multiplexer and the transport layers are restored by the channel demodulator to codewords intended to be transmitted by the transmitting device.
Referring to
The processor 2310 can implement functions, procedures and methods described in the present description. The processor 2310 in
The memory 2330 is connected to the processor 2310 and stores information related to operations of the processor. The memory may be located inside or outside the processor and connected to the processor through various techniques such as wired connection and wireless connection. The memory 2330 in
A user can input various types of information such as telephone numbers using various techniques such as pressing buttons of the keypad 2320 or activating sound using the microphone 2350. The processor 2310 can receive and process user information and execute an appropriate function such as calling using an input telephone number. In some scenarios, data can be retrieved from the SIM card 2325 or the memory 2330 to execute appropriate functions. In some scenarios, the processor 2310 can display various types of information and data on the display 2315 for user convenience.
The transceiver 2335 is connected to the processor 2310 and transmit and/or receive RF signals. The processor can control the transceiver in order to start communication or to transmit RF signals including various types of information or data such as voice communication data. The transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver for transmitting and receiving RF signals. The antenna 2340 can facilitate transmission and reception of RF signals. In some implementation examples, when the transceiver receives an RF signal, the transceiver can forward and convert the signal into a baseband frequency for processing performed by the processor. The signal can be processed through various techniques such as converting into audible or readable information to be output through the speaker 2345. The transceiver in
Although not shown in
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
The example of the wireless device described in
Referring to
The additional components 140 may be variously configured according to types of wireless devices. For example, the additional components 140 may include at least one of a power unit/battery, input/output (I/O) unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be implemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot 100a of
In
Referring to
The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. The control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the hand-held device 100. The control unit 120 may include an Application Processor (AP). The memory unit 130 may store data/parameters/programs/code/commands needed to drive the hand-held device 100. In addition, the memory unit 130 may store input/output data/information. The power supply unit 140a may supply power to the hand-held device 100 and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit 140b may support connection of the hand-held device 100 to other external devices. The interface unit 140b may include various ports (e.g., an audio I/O port and a video I/O port) for connection with external devices. The I/O unit 140c may input or output video information/signals, audio information/signals, data, and/or information input by a user. The I/O unit 140c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140d, a speaker, and/or a haptic module.
For example, in the case of data communication, the I/O unit 140c may acquire information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, images, or video) input by a user and the acquired information/signals may be stored in the memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 may convert the information/signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals to other wireless devices directly or to a BS. In addition, the communication unit 110 may receive radio signals from other wireless devices or the BS and then restore the received radio signals into original information/signals. The restored information/signals may be stored in the memory unit 130 and may be output as various types (e.g., text, voice, images, video, or haptic) through the I/O unit 140c.
Referring to
The wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the network 300 via the BSs 200. An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other through the BSs 200/network 300, the wireless devices 100a to 100f may perform direct communication (e.g., sidelink communication) with each other without passing through the BSs/network. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g. Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)/Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). In addition, the IoT device (e.g., a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.
Wireless communication/connections 150a, 150b, or 150c may be established between the wireless devices 100a to 100f/BS 200, or BS 200/BS 200. Herein, the wireless communication/connections may be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or, D2D communication), or inter BS communication (e.g. relay, Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB)). The wireless devices and the BSs/the wireless devices may transmit/receive radio signals to/from each other through the wireless communication/connections 150a and 150b. For example, the wireless communication/connections 150a and 150b may transmit/receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a part of various configuration information configuring processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping), and resource allocating processes, for transmitting/receiving radio signals, may be performed based on the various proposals of the present disclosure.
Meanwhile, the NR supports multiple numerologies (or subcarrier spacing (SCS)) for supporting diverse 5G services. For example, if the SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area of the conventional cellular bands may be supported. If the SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz, a dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth is supported. If the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz is used in order to overcome phase noise.
An NR frequency band may be defined as a frequency range of two types (FR1, FR2). Values of the frequency range may be changed. For example, the frequency range of the two types (FR1, FR2) may be as shown below in Table 10. For convenience of explanation, among the frequency ranges that are used in an NR system, FR1 may mean a “sub 6 GHz range”, and FR2 may mean an “above 6 GHz range” and may also be referred to as a millimeter wave (mmW).
As described above, the values of the frequency ranges in the NR system may be changed. For example, as shown in Table 11 below, FR1 may include a band in the range of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band of at least 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, and so on). For example, a frequency band of at least 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, and so on) included in FR1 may include an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band may be used for diverse purposes, e.g., the unlicensed band for vehicle-specific communication (e.g., automated driving).
Claims disclosed in the present specification can be combined in various ways. For example, technical features in method claims of the present specification can be combined to be implemented or performed in an apparatus, and technical features in apparatus claims of the present specification can be combined to be implemented or performed in a method. Further, technical features in method claims and apparatus claims of the present specification can be combined to be implemented or performed in an apparatus. Further, technical features in method claims and apparatus claims of the present specification can be combined to be implemented or performed in a method.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2022-0014824 | Feb 2022 | KR | national |
This application is the National Stage filing under 35 U.S.C. 371 of International Application No. PCT/KR2023/001633, filed on Feb. 6, 2023, which claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0014824 filed on Feb. 4, 2022 which is all hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2023/001633 | 2/6/2023 | WO |
