Patent Application
20200212367
The present invention relates to an optical filter for anti-reflection and an organic light-emitting device.
Recently, there has been a demand for weight reduction and thinning of monitors or televisions, and the like, and organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) have been attracting attention in response to this demand. An organic light-emitting device is a self-luminescent display device emitting light by itself, which requires no separate backlight, so that the thickness can be reduced, and is advantageous to realize a flexible display device.
On the other hand, the organic light-emitting device can reflect external light by the metal electrode and the metal wiring formed on the organic light-emitting display panel, where visibility and a contrast ratio may be lowered due to the reflected external light, thereby deteriorating the display quality. A circular polarizing plate may be attached to one side of the organic light-emitting display panel, as in Patent Document 1 (Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2009-0122138), to reduce leakage of the reflected external light to the outside.
However, currently developed circular polarizing plates have strong viewing angle dependence, and thus an antireflection performance deteriorates toward the side, so that there is a problem that the visibility is lowered.
Thus, there is a problem in the art of providing an optical filter having excellent omnidirectional antireflection performance and color characteristics on the side as well as the front, and an organic light-emitting device having improved visibility by applying the optical filter.
The present application relates to an optical filter for anti-reflection. The optical filter may sequentially comprise a polarizer having an absorption axis formed in one direction, a first retardation film and a second retardation film.
The optical filter of the present application has excellent omnidirectional antireflection performance and color characteristics on the side as well as the front, and the optical filter can be applied to an organic light-emitting device to improve visibility.
In this specification, the polarizer means an element exhibiting selective transmission and absorption characteristics with respect to incident light. For example, the polarizer can transmit light that vibrates in any one direction from incident light that vibrates in various directions, and absorb light that vibrates in the other directions.
The polarizer included in the optical filter may be a linear polarizer. In this specification, the linear polarizer means a case where the selectively transmitting light is a linearly polarized light that vibrates in any one direction and the selectively absorbing light is a linearly polarized light that vibrates in a direction orthogonal to the vibration direction of the linearly polarized light.
As the polarizer, for example, a polarizer in which iodine is dyed on a polymer stretched film such as a PVA stretched film may be. Alternatively, a guest-host polarizer in which a liquid crystal polymerized in an oriented state is used as a host and an anisotropic dye arranged depending on the orientation of the liquid crystal is used as a guest may be used, without being limited thereto.
According to one example of the present application, a PVA stretched film can be used as the polarizer. The transmittance or polarization degree of the polarizer can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the object of the present application. For example, the transmittance of the polarizer may be from 42.5% to 55%, and the polarization degree may be from 65% to 99.9997%.
In this specification, when the term such as vertical, horizontal, orthogonal or parallel is used while defining an angle, it means substantially vertical, horizontal, orthogonal, or parallel to the extent that the desired effect is not impaired, which includes, for example, an error that takes a production error or a deviation (variation), and the like, into account. For example, each case of the foregoing may include an error within about ±15 degrees, an error within about ±10 degrees or an error within about ±5 degrees.
In this specification, the retardation film is an optically anisotropic element, which may mean an element capable of converting incident polarized light by controlling birefringence. While describing an x-axis, y-axis and z-axis of the retardation film herein, unless otherwise specified, the x-axis means a direction parallel to an in-plane slow axis of the retardation film, the y-axis means a direction parallel to an in-plane fast axis of the retardation film, and the z-axis means a thickness direction of the retardation film. The x-axis and y-axis may be orthogonal to each other in the plane. While describing an optical axis of the retardation film herein, unless otherwise specified, it means a slow axis. When the retardation film comprises rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules, the slow axis may mean the long axis direction of the rod shape, and when it comprises disk-shaped liquid crystal molecules, the slow axis may mean the normal direction of the disk shape.
In this specification, the Nz value of the retardation film is calculated by Equation 1 below.
Nz=(nx−nz)/(nx−ny) [Equation 1]
In this specification, the retardation film satisfying Equation 2 below can be called a so-called +C plate.
In this specification, the retardation film satisfying Equation 3 below can be called a so-called +B plate.
In this specification, the retardation film satisfying Equation 4 below can be called a so-called −B plate.
In this specification, the retardation film satisfying Equation 5 below can be called a so-called +A plate.
nx=ny<nz [Equation 2]
ny<nx≠nz [Equation 3]
nx>ny>nz [Equation 4]
nx>ny=nz [Equation 5]
In this specification, the in-plane retardation (Rin) of the retardation film is calculated by Equation 6 below.
In this specification, the thickness-direction retardation (Rth) of the retardation film is calculated by Equation 7 below.
Rin=d×(nx−ny) [Equation 6]
Rth=d×{(nz−(nx+ny)/2} [Equation 7]
In Equations 1 to 7, nx, ny and nz are refractive indexes in the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions defined above, respectively, and d is a thickness of the retardation film.
In this specification, the reverse wavelength dispersion characteristic may mean a characteristic satisfying Equation 8 below, the normal wavelength dispersion characteristic may mean a characteristic satisfying Equation 9 below, and the flat wavelength dispersion characteristic may mean a characteristic satisfying Equation 10 below.
R(450)/R(550)<R(650)/R(550) [Equation 8]
R(450)/R(550)>R(650)/R(550) [Equation 9]
R(450)/R(550)=R(650)/R(550) [Equation 10]
While describing the refractive index of the retardation film herein, unless otherwise specified, it means a refractive index for light of a wavelength of about 550 nm.
According to an optical filter of the present application, the first retardation film may be a +A plate or a −B plate. The first retardation film may have an Nz value of 1.0 to 1.5. The second retardation film may be a +B plate. The second retardation film may have an Nz value of −1.0 or less. The in-plane slow axes of the first retardation film and the second retardation film may form 43 to 47 degrees with the absorption axis of the polarizer, respectively. The in-plane slow axis of the second retardation film may be orthogonal or parallel to the in-plane slow axis of the first retardation film.
The optical filter of the present application can be implemented in first to fourth examples below according to the Nz value of the first retardation film and the relationship of the in-plane retardation axes between the first retardation film and the second retardation film.
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
The optical filter can exhibit excellent omnidirectional antireflection performance and color characteristics on the side as well as the front. Hereinafter, the optical filter will be described in more detail.
For example, the optical filter may have a reflectance measured at a tilt angle of 60 degrees of 13% or less, 12% or less, 11% or less, or 10% or less. The reflectance may be a reflectance for light of any wavelength in the visible light region, for example, a reflectance for light of any wavelength in a range of 380 nm to 780 nm, or a reflectance for light belonging to the entire visible light region. The reflectance may be, for example, the reflectance measured on the polarizer side of the optical filter. The reflectance may be a reflectance measured at a specific azimuth angle or a predetermined range of azimuth angles of a tilt angle of 60 degrees or a reflectance measured for the entire azimuth angle at a tilt angle of 60 degrees, which is a value measured in examples to be described below.
The optical filter may have an average of color difference of 50 or less, 45 or less, or 40 or less. In this specification, the color difference means how the side color differs from the front color when the optical filter has been applied to the organic light-emitting display panel, which may mean a value calculated by an equation of ΔE*ab in color characteristic simulation evaluation of examples to be described below.
The first retardation film may have a quarter-wave phase retardation characteristic. In this specification, the term “n-wave phase retardation characteristic” may mean a characteristic that the incident light may be phase-delayed by n times the wavelength of the incident light within at least a part of the wavelength range. Therefore, the quarter-wave phase retardation characteristic may mean a characteristic that the incident light may be phase-delayed by a quarter times the wavelength of the incident light within at least a part of the wavelength range.
The in-plane retardation of the first retardation film for light having a wavelength of 550 nm may be 70 nm to 200 nm. In the case of the first example to the second example, for instance, in the case where the in-plane slow axes of the first retardation film and the second retardation film are orthogonal to each other, the first retardation film may have an in-plane retardation of 120 nm and 200 nm for light having a wavelength of 550 nm. More specifically, the lower limit of the in-plane retardation of the first retardation film may be 120 nm or more, 130 nm or more, 140 nm or more, 150 nm or more, or 155 nm or more, and the upper limit may be 200 nm or less, 195 nm or less, or 190 nm or less. In the case of the third example to the fourth example, for instance, in the case where the in-plane slow axes of the first retardation film and the second retardation film are parallel to each other, the first retardation film has an in-plane retardation of 70 nm to 160 nm. More specifically, the lower limit of the in-plane retardation of the first retardation film may be 70 nm or more, 80 nm or more, or 90 nm or more, and the upper limit may be 160 nm or less, 150 nm or less, 140 nm or 130 nm or less.
When the in-plane retardation of the first retardation film satisfies the above range, it may be advantageous to exhibit excellent omnidirectional antireflection performance and color characteristics on the side as well as the front.
The first retardation film may have reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics. For example, the first retardation film may have a property that the in-plane retardation increases, as the wavelength of incident light increases. The wavelength of the incident light may be, for example, 300 nm to 800 nm.
The R(450)/R(550) value of the first retardation film may be in the range of 0.60 to 0.99, specifically 0.60 to 0.92. The value of R(650)/R(550) of the first retardation film has a value larger than the value of the R(450)/R(550), which may be 1.01 to 1.19, 1.05 to 1.15, or 1.09 to 1.11. When the first retardation film has the reverse wavelength dispersion characteristic, it may be advantageous to exhibit excellent omnidirectional antireflection performance and color characteristics on the side as well as the front.
The Nz value of the second retardation film may be −1 or less. The lower limit of the Nz value of the second retardation film may be −11,000 or more. When the Nz value of the second retardation film satisfies the above range, it may be advantageous to exhibit excellent omnidirectional antireflection performance and color characteristics on the side as well as the front.
The in-plane retardation of the second retardation film for light having a wavelength of 550 nm may be more than 0 nm and 70 nm or less. More specifically, the lower limit of the in-plane retardation of the second retardation film may be more than 0 nm, 5 nm or more, 10 nm or more, 11 nm or more, 12 nm or more, or 13 nm or more, the upper limit may be 70 nm or less, 60 nm or less, 55 nm or less, or 54 nm or less. The thickness-direction retardation of the second retardation film may be 50 nm to 200 nm. More specifically, the lower limit of the thickness-direction retardation of the second retardation film may be 50 nm or more, 60 nm or more, 70 nm or more, 80 nm or more, 83 nm or more, 85 nm or more, or 88 nm or more, and the upper limit may be 200 nm or less, 190 nm or less, 180 nm or less, 170 nm or less, 160 nm or less, 150 nm or less, 125 nm or less, 110 nm or less, or 105 nm or less. When the in-plane retardation or the thickness-direction retardation of the second retardation film satisfies the above range, it may be advantageous to exhibit excellent omnidirectional antireflection performance and color characteristics on the side as well as the front.
The second retardation film may have reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics, flat wavelength dispersion characteristics, or normal wavelength dispersion characteristics.
The first and second retardation films may be a polymer film. As the polymer film, a film comprising polyolefin such as PC (polycarbonate), norbonene resin, PVA (poly(vinyl alcohol)), PS (polystyrene), PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate) and PP (polypropylene), Par (poly(arylate)), PA (polyamide), PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate)) or PS (polysulfone), and the like, can be used. The polymer film may be stretched or shrunk under appropriate conditions to impart birefringence and used as the first and second retardation films.
The first and second retardation films may be a liquid crystal polymer film. The liquid crystal film may comprise liquid crystal molecules in a state of being oriented and polymerized. The liquid crystal molecule may be a polymerizable liquid crystal molecule. In this specification, the polymerizable liquid crystal molecule may mean a molecule containing a moiety capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity, such as a mesogen skeleton, and containing at least one polymerizable functional group. Also, polymerizable liquid crystal molecules in a polymerized form may mean a state in which the liquid crystal molecules are polymerized to form a skeleton such as a main chain or side chain of the liquid crystal polymer in the liquid crystal film.
The thicknesses of the first to second retardation films can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the object of the present application. The thickness of the first retardation film may be 0.5 μm to 100 μm. The thickness of the second retardation film may be 0.5 μm to 100 μm.
The optical filter may further comprise a surface treatment layer. The surface treatment layer may be exemplified by an antireflection layer or the like. The surface treatment layer may be disposed on the outer side of the polarizer, that is, on the opposite side where the second retardation film is disposed. As the antireflection layer, a laminate of two or more layers having different refractive indexes or the like may be used, without being limited thereto.
The first retardation film and the second retardation film or the polarizer of the optical filter may be attached to each other through a pressure-sensitive adhesive or an adhesive, or may be laminated to each other by direct coating. An optical transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive or adhesive may be used as the pressure-sensitive adhesive or adhesive.
The optical filter of the present application can prevent the reflection of external light, thereby improving the visibility of the organic light-emitting device. While incident unpolarized light (hereinafter referred to as “external light”) incident from the outside passes through a polarizer, one polarized orthogonal component, that is, a first polarized orthogonal component, of two polarized orthogonal components may be only transmitted and the polarized light may be changed to circularly polarized light while passing through the first retardation film. While the circularly polarized light is reflected from a display panel of an organic light-emitting display device comprising a substrate, an electrode, and the like, the rotational direction of the circularly polarized light is changed and the circularly polarized light is converted to the other polarized orthogonal component of two polarized orthogonal components, that is, a second polarized orthogonal component while passing through the first retardation film again. The second polarized orthogonal component does not pass through the polarizer and thus does not emit light to the outside, so that it can have an effect of preventing reflection of external light.
The optical filter of the present application can also effectively prevent the reflection of external light incident from the side, thereby improving the lateral visibility of the organic light-emitting device. For example, it is also possible to effectively prevent the reflection of external light incident from the side through viewing angle polarization compensation principle.
The optical filter of the present application can be applied to an organic light-emitting device.
The organic light-emitting display panel may comprise a base substrate, a lower electrode, an organic light-emitting layer, an upper electrode and a sealing substrate, and the like. One of the lower electrode and the upper electrode may be an anode and the other may be a cathode. The anode is an electrode into which holes are injected, which may be made of a conductive material having a high work function, and the cathode is an electrode into which electrons are injected, which may be made of a conductive material having a low work function. At least one of the lower electrode and the upper electrode may be made of a transparent conductive material that the emitted light can come out to the outside, and may be, for example, ITO or IZO. The organic light-emitting layer may comprise an organic material capable of emitting light when a voltage has been applied to the lower electrode and the upper electrode.
Additional layers may be further included between the lower electrode and the organic light-emitting layer and between the upper electrode and the organic light-emitting layer. The additional layer may include a hole transporting layer, a hole injecting layer, an electron injecting layer and an electron transporting layer for balancing electrons and holes, but is not limited thereto. The sealing substrate may be made of glass, metal, and/or a polymer, and may seal the lower electrode, the organic light-emitting layer, and the upper electrode to prevent moisture and/or oxygen from being introduced from the outside.
The optical filter (100) may be disposed on the side where the light comes out from the organic light-emitting display panel. For example, in the case of a bottom emission structure in which light is emitted toward the base substrate, it may be disposed outside the base substrate, and in the case of a top emission structure in which light is emitted toward the sealing substrate, it may be disposed outside the sealing substrate. The optical filter (100) can improve display characteristics of the organic light-emitting device by preventing external light from being reflected by the reflective layer made of metal such as electrodes and wiring of the organic light-emitting display panel (200) and from coming out of the organic light-emitting device. In addition, since the optical filter (100) can exhibit an antireflection effect on the side as well as the front, as described above, the lateral visibility can be improved.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through Examples and Comparative Examples, but the scope of the present application is not limited to the following contents.
For evaluation of reflectance and color characteristic simulation, a structure in which a polarizer, a retardation film, and an OLED panel were sequentially disposed was set as in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The polarizer has an absorption axis in one direction and a single transmittance (Ts) of 42.5%, and the OLED panel is Galaxy S6.
For simulation evaluation, a structure in which a polarizer, a first retardation film, a second retardation film and an OLED panel were sequentially disposed was set.
The first retardation film is a +A plate with R(450)/(550) of 0.84, and the second retardation film is a +B plate.
The absorption axis of the polarizer is 0 degrees, the slow axis of the first retardation film is +45 degrees, and the slow axis of the second retardation film is −45 degrees.
The optical physical properties of the first and second retardation films were adjusted as in Table 1 below to prepare six samples.
For simulation evaluation, a structure in which a polarizer, a first retardation film, a second retardation film, and an OLED panel were sequentially disposed was set.
The first retardation film is a −B plate with R(450)/(550) of 0.84, and the second retardation film is a +B plate.
The absorption axis of the polarizer is 0 degrees, the slow axis of the first retardation film is +45 degrees, and the slow axis of the second retardation film is −45 degrees.
The optical physical properties of the first and second retardation films were adjusted as in Table 2 below to prepare 13 samples.
For simulation evaluation, a structure in which a polarizer, a first retardation film, a second retardation film, and an OLED panel were sequentially disposed was set.
The first retardation film is a +A plate with R(450)/(550) of 0.84, and the second retardation film is a +B plate.
The absorption axis of the polarizer is 0 degree, the slow axis of the first retardation film is +45 degrees, and the slow axis of the second retardation film is +45 degrees.
The optical physical properties of the first and second retardation films were adjusted as in Table 3 below to prepare five samples.
For simulation evaluation, a structure in which a polarizer, a first retardation film, a second retardation film, and an OLED panel were sequentially disposed was set.
The first retardation film is a −B plate with R(450)/(550) of 0.84, and the second retardation film is a +B plate.
The absorption axis of the polarizer is 0 degree, the slow axis of the first retardation film is +45 degrees, and the slow axis of the second retardation film is +45 degrees.
The optical physical properties of the first and second retardation films were adjusted as in Table 4 below to prepare 18 samples.
For the simulation evaluation, a structure in which a polarizer, a first retardation film, and an OLED panel were sequentially disposed was set.
The first retardation film has an in-plane retardation of 140 nm for light having a wavelength of 550 nm, and R(450)/R(550) of 0.84, which is a +A plate.
The absorption axis of the polarizer is 0 degrees, and the in-plane slow axis of the first retardation film is 45 degrees.
Comparative Example 2-1, Comparative Example 2-2, Comparative Example 2-3 and Comparative Example 2-4 were set as the same structures, except that in each structure of Example 1-3, Example 2-2, Example 3-4, and Example 4-2, the in-plane slow axis of the second retardation film and the absorption axis of the polarizer were disposed parallel to each other.
For Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, the reflectance was simulated (Techwiz 1D plus, SANAYI System Co., Ltd.) in the side direction of 60 degrees based on the front according to the azimuth angles of 0 to 360 degrees and evaluated, and the results were summarized in Tables 1 to 6 above. The reflectance means an average reflectance for a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm. The maximum reflectance (Max.) means the highest reflectance of the reflectance at azimuth angles of 0 degrees to 360 degrees. It can be confirmed that the structures of Examples 1 to 4 are superior in the antireflection effect because the maximum reflectance (Max.) is lower than that of the structures of Comparative Examples 1 to 2.
For Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, the omnidirectional color characteristics (Techwiz 1D plus, SANAYI System Co., Ltd.) were simulated and evaluated, and the results were depicted in
In the case of color characteristics, it is appropriate to analyze except the surface reflection influence, so that they have been calculated and evaluated by Extended Jones method. The brightness of each circle in
ΔE*ab=√{square root over ((L*1−L*2)2+(a*1−a*2)2+(b*1−b*2)2)}
In Equation above, (L*1, a*1, b*1) mean reflected color values at the front (tilt angle 0°, azimuth 0°) and ((L*2, a*2, b*2) mean reflected color values at a position for each tilt angle and azimuth.
The displayed color represents a color sense that a person can actually perceive. The center of the circle means the front (tilt angle 0°, azimuth 0°) and the tilt angle increases up to 60° as the distance from the circle increases. Each means an azimuth such as 90°, 180° and 270° in the counterclockwise direction from the right side (0°) along the diameter direction of the circle.
In Tables 1 to 6, the maximum color difference (Max.) means the highest color difference in the reflectance at azimuth angles of 0 degrees to 360 degrees, and the average color difference (Ave.) means an average value of the color difference at azimuth angles of 0 degrees to 360 degrees. It can be predicted that the structures of Examples 1 to 4 realize uniform colors in all azimuths because the maximum color difference (Max.) and the average color difference (Ave.) are lower than those of the structure of Comparative Example 1. Specifically, according to
10: first retardation film; 20: second retardation film; 30: polarizer; 100: optical filter; 200: organic light-emitting display panel.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2016-0133355 | Oct 2016 | KR | national |
The present application is a National Phase entry pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/KR2017/011370 filed on Oct. 16, 2017, which claims priority to KR 10-2016-0133355 filed Oct. 14, 2016, the entire contents of which as incorporated herein by reference.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2017/011370 | 10/16/2017 | WO | 00 |
