The present invention generally relates to an optical imaging lens. Specifically speaking, the present invention is directed to an optical imaging lens for use in a portable electronic device such as a mobile phone, a camera, a tablet personal computer, or a personal digital assistant (PDA) for taking pictures or for recording videos.
In recent years, an optical imaging lens improves along with its wider and wider applications and the key component—optical imaging lens are developing. In addition to larger FOV, the design of the front camera of a portable electronic device pursues larger pixels and better imaging quality. Generally speaking, the current front camera of a portable electronic device has an HFOV about 36 to 40 degrees. To meet the demand of capturing more objects for users' selfie, an objective to develop a camera with larger FOV of 50 degrees or more becomes a target in the industry.
In order to capture more incident rays, for current cameras with wider angle, first the effective radius of the first lens element needs increasing and the aperture stop is placed behind the first lens element to facilitate to capture more incident rays by placing the first lens element in the middle to decrease the effective focal length in order to satisfy the design of larger FOV. In addition to the function of users' selfie, the design of portable electronic devices pursues full display screen. Therefore, to increase the effective radius of the first lens element to meet the demand of wider angle design and to increase the surface area of the front camera, there are some urgent problems to be solved with higher priority, such as increasing FOV and keeping smaller surface area of the front camera.
In the light of the above, various embodiments of the present invention propose an optical imaging lens of six lens elements which has reduced surface area of the front camera, reduced system total length, ensured imaging quality, a larger field of view, good optical performance and is technically possible. The optical imaging lens of six lens elements of the present invention from an object side to an image side in order along an optical axis has a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element and a sixth lens element. Each first lens element, second lens element, third lens element, fourth lens element, fifth lens element and sixth lens element respectively has an object-side surface which faces toward the object side and allows imaging rays to pass through as well as an image-side surface which faces toward the image side and allows the imaging rays to pass through.
In order to facilitate clearness of the parameters represented by the present invention and the drawings, it is defined in this specification and the drawings: T1 is a thickness of the first lens element along the optical axis; T2 is a thickness of the second lens element along the optical axis; T3 is a thickness of the third lens element along the optical axis; T4 is a thickness of the fourth lens element along the optical axis; T5 is a thickness of the fifth lens element along the optical axis; and T6 is a thickness of the sixth lens element along the optical axis. ALT13 is a sum of thicknesses of three lens elements from the first lens element to the third lens element along the optical axis, i.e. a sum of T1, T2 and T3, ALT24 is a sum of three thicknesses from the second lens element to the fourth lens element along the optical axis, i.e. a sum of T2, T3 and T4, ALT14 is a sum of four thicknesses from the first lens element to the fourth lens element along the optical axis, i.e. a sum of T1, T2, T3 and T4, and ALT46 is a sum of three thicknesses from the fourth lens element to the sixth lens element along the optical axis, i.e. a sum of T4, T5 and T6.
G12 is an air gap between the first lens element and the second lens element along the optical axis; G23 is an air gap between the second lens element and the third lens element along the optical axis; G34 is an air gap between the third lens element and the fourth lens element along the optical axis; G45 is an air gap between the fourth lens element and the fifth lens element along the optical axis; G56 is an air gap between the fifth lens element and the sixth lens element along the optical axis.
ALT is a sum of thicknesses of six lens elements from the first lens element to the sixth lens element along the optical axis. AAG is a sum of five air gaps from the first lens element to the sixth lens element along the optical axis, AAGF is a distance from the object-side surface of the first lens element to the object-side surface of the second lens element along the optical axis, AAGB is a sum of five air gaps from the first lens element to the sixth lens element and a distance from the image-side surface of the sixth lens element to an image plane along the optical axis.
In addition, TTL is a distance from the object-side surface of the first lens element to an image plane along the optical axis, and that is the system length of the optical imaging lens; EFL is an effective focal length of the optical imaging lens; TL is a distance from the object-side surface of the first lens element to the image-side surface of the sixth lens element along the optical axis. BFL is a distance from the image-side surface of the sixth lens element to the image plane along the optical axis. D11t32 is a distance from an object-side surface of the first lens element to an image-side surface of the third lens element along the optical axis, D32t52 is a distance from an image-side surface of the third lens element to an image-side surface of the fifth lens element along the optical axis and D51t62 is a distance from an object-side surface of the fifth lens element to an image-side surface of the sixth lens element along the optical axis. Fno is the f-number of the entire optical imaging lens. HFOV is the half field of view of the entire optical imaging lens. ImgH is an image height of the optical imaging lens.
In one embodiment, the first lens element has negative refracting power and a periphery region of the object-side surface of the first lens element is convex; the second lens element has positive refracting power and an optical-axis region of the image-side surface of the second lens element is convex; an optical-axis region of the object-side surface of the third lens element is convex and an optical-axis region of the image-side surface of the third lens element is convex. Lens elements having refracting power included by the optical imaging lens are only the six lens elements described above. AAGF is a distance from the object-side surface of the first lens element to the object-side surface of the second lens element along the optical axis and T6 is a thickness of the sixth lens element along the optical axis to satisfy the relationship: AAGF/T6≤2.000.
In another embodiment, the first lens element has negative refracting power and a periphery region of the object-side surface of the first lens element is convex; an optical-axis region of the image-side surface of the second lens element is convex; an optical-axis region of the object-side surface of the third lens element is convex; a periphery region of the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is concave; and a periphery region of the object-side surface of the sixth lens element is concave. Lens elements having refracting power included by the optical imaging lens are only the six lens elements described above. AAGB is a sum of five air gaps from the first lens element to the sixth lens element and a distance from the image-side surface of the sixth lens element to an image plane along the optical axis, T4 is a thickness of the fourth lens element along the optical axis and T6 is a thickness of the sixth lens element along the optical axis to satisfy the relationship: AAGB/(T4+T6)≤3.100.
In still another embodiment, the first lens element has negative refracting power, an optical-axis of the object-side surface of the first lens element is convex and a periphery region of the image-side surface of the first lens element is concave; an optical-axis region of the object-side surface of the third lens element is convex; an optical-axis region of the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is concave; and an optical-axis region of the image-side surface of the sixth lens element is concave. Lens elements having refracting power included by the optical imaging lens are only the six lens elements described above. AAG is a sum of five air gaps from the first lens element to the sixth lens element along the optical axis and T6 is a thickness of the sixth lens element along the optical axis to satisfy the relationship: AAG/T6≤1.300.
In the optical imaging lens of the present invention, the embodiments may also selectively satisfy the following optical conditions:
(AAG+T1)/(T4+T6)≤1.600; 1.
AAG*Fno/T6≤5.700; 2.
AAG/(T4+T6)≤1.300; 3.
2.600≤ImgH/AAGF; 4.
85.000°/mm≤HFOV/AAGF; 5.
TL/(T4+T6)≤5.500; 6.
(G12+T2)/T6≤1.600; 7.
ALT/(T6+BFL)≤2.400; 8.
ALT13/(T6+G23)≤3.600; 9.
D11t32/D32t52≤1.600; 10.
ALT24/(T6+G34)≤3.200; 11.
(T3+G12+G56)/T5≤2.000; 12.
1.000≤ImgH/EFL; 13.
TTL/ALT46≤3.200; 14.
ALT/D51t62≤2.300; 15.
ALT14/(T6+G45)≤3.100; 16.
(T1+G45+G56)/T62.100. 17.
These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings.
The terms “optical axis region”, “periphery region”, “concave”, and “convex” used in this specification and claims should be interpreted based on the definition listed in the specification by the principle of lexicographer.
In the present disclosure, the optical system may comprise at least one lens element to receive imaging rays that are incident on the optical system over a set of angles ranging from parallel to an optical axis to a half field of view (HFOV) angle with respect to the optical axis. The imaging rays pass through the optical system to produce an image on an image plane. The term “a lens element having positive refracting power (or negative refracting power)” means that the paraxial refracting power of the lens element in Gaussian optics is positive (or negative). The term “an object-side (or image-side) surface of a lens element” refers to a specific region of that surface of the lens element at which imaging rays can pass through that specific region. Imaging rays include at least two types of rays: a chief ray Lc and a marginal ray Lm (as shown in
The region of a surface of the lens element from the central point to the first transition point TP1 is defined as the optical axis region, which includes the central point. The region located radially outside of the farthest Nth transition point from the optical axis I to the optical boundary OB of the surface of the lens element is defined as the periphery region. In some embodiments, there may be intermediate regions present between the optical axis region and the periphery region, with the number of intermediate regions depending on the number of the transition points.
The shape of a region is convex if a collimated ray being parallel to the optical axis I and passing through the region is bent toward the optical axis I such that the ray intersects the optical axis I on the image side A2 of the lens element. The shape of a region is concave if the extension line of a collimated ray being parallel to the optical axis I and passing through the region intersects the optical axis I on the object side A1 of the lens element.
Additionally, referring to
Referring to
Alternatively, there is another way for a person having ordinary skill in the art to determine whether an optical axis region is convex or concave by referring to the sign of “Radius” (the “R” value), which is the paraxial radius of shape of a lens surface in the optical axis region. The R value is commonly used in conventional optical design software such as Zemax and CodeV. The R value usually appears in the lens data sheet in the software. For an object-side surface, a positive R value defines that the optical axis region of the object-side surface is convex, and a negative R value defines that the optical axis region of the object-side surface is concave. Conversely, for an image-side surface, a positive R value defines that the optical axis region of the image-side surface is concave, and a negative R value defines that the optical axis region of the image-side surface is convex. The result found by using this method should be consistent with the method utilizing intersection of the optical axis by rays/extension lines mentioned above, which determines surface shape by referring to whether the focal point of a collimated ray being parallel to the optical axis I is on the object-side or the image-side of a lens element. As used herein, the terms “a shape of a region is convex (concave),” “a region is convex (concave),” and “a convex- (concave-) region,” can be used alternatively.
In general, the shape of each region demarcated by the transition point will have an opposite shape to the shape of the adjacent region(s). Accordingly, the transition point will define a transition in shape, changing from concave to convex at the transition point or changing from convex to concave. In
The periphery region Z2 of the object-side surface 410, which is also convex, is defined between the second transition point TP2 and the optical boundary OB of the object-side surface 410 of the lens element 400. Further, intermediate region Z3 of the object-side surface 410, which is concave, is defined between the first transition point TP1 and the second transition point TP2. Referring once again to
As shown in
Furthermore, the optical imaging lens 1 includes an aperture stop (ape. stop) 80 disposed in an appropriate position. In
The first lens element 10, the second lens element 20, the third lens element 30, the fourth lens element 40, the fifth lens element 50 and the sixth lens element 60 of the optical imaging lens 1 each has an object-side surface 11, 21, 31, 41, 51 and 61 facing toward the object side A1 and allowing imaging rays to pass through as well as an image-side surface 12, 22, 32, 42, 52 and 62 facing toward the image side A2 and allowing the imaging rays to pass through. Furthermore, each object-side surface and image-side surface of lens elements in the optical imaging lens of present invention has an optical axis region and a periphery region.
Each lens element in the optical imaging lens 1 of the present invention further has a thickness T along the optical axis I. For embodiment, the first lens element 10 has a first lens element thickness T1, the second lens element 20 has a second lens element thickness T2, the third lens element 30 has a third lens element thickness T3, the fourth lens element 40 has a fourth lens element thickness T4, the fifth lens element 50 has a fifth lens element thickness T5, and the sixth lens element 60 has a sixth lens element thickness T6. Therefore, a sum of thicknesses of six lens elements from the first lens element to the sixth lens element in the optical imaging lens 1 along the optical axis I is ALT=T1+T2+T3+T4+T5+T6.
In addition, between two adjacent lens elements in the optical imaging lens 1 of the present invention there may be an air gap along the optical axis I. In embodiments, there is an air gap G12 between the first lens element 10 and the second lens element 20, an air gap G23 between the second lens element 20 and the third lens element 30, an air gap G34 between the third lens element 30 and the fourth lens element 40, an air gap G45 between the fourth lens element 40 and the fifth lens element 50 as well as an air gap G56 between the fifth lens element 50 and the sixth lens element 60. Therefore, a sum of five air gaps from the first lens element 10 to the sixth lens element 60 along the optical axis I is AAG=G12+G23+G34+G45+G56.
In addition, a distance from the object-side surface 11 of the first lens element 10 to the image plane 91, namely a system length of the optical imaging lens 1 along the optical axis I is TTL; an effective focal length of the optical imaging lens is EFL; a distance from the object-side surface 11 of the first lens element 10 to the image-side surface 62 of the sixth lens element 60 along the optical axis I is TL. HFOV stands for the half field of view of the entire optical imaging lens 1. ImgH is an image height of the optical imaging lens 1.
Moreover, ALT13 is a sum of thicknesses of three lens elements from the first lens element to the third lens element along the optical axis, i.e. a sum of T1, T2 and T3, ALT24 is a sum of three thicknesses from the second lens element to the fourth lens element along the optical axis, i.e. a sum of T2, T3 and T4, ALT14 is a sum of four thicknesses from the first lens element to the fourth lens element along the optical axis, i.e. a sum of T1, T2, T3 and T4, and ALT46 is a sum of three thicknesses from the fourth lens element to the sixth lens element along the optical axis, i.e. a sum of T4, T5 and T6. AAGF is a distance from the object-side surface of the first lens element to the object-side surface of the second lens element along the optical axis, AAGB is a sum of five air gaps from the first lens element to the sixth lens element and a distance from the image-side surface of the sixth lens element to an image plane along the optical axis. D11t32 is a distance from an object-side surface of the first lens element to an image-side surface of the third lens element along the optical axis, D32t52 is a distance from an image-side surface of the third lens element to an image-side surface of the fifth lens element along the optical axis and D51t62 is a distance from an object-side surface of the fifth lens element to an image-side surface of the sixth lens element along the optical axis.
An air gap between the image-side surface 62 of the sixth lens element 60 and the filter 90 along the optical axis I is G6F; a thickness of the filter 90 along the optical axis I is TF; an air gap between the filter 90 and the image plane 91 along the optical axis I is GFP; and a distance from the image-side surface 62 of the sixth lens element 60 to the image plane 91 along the optical axis I is BFL. Therefore, BFL=G6F+TF+GFP.
Furthermore, a focal length of the first lens element 10 is f1; a focal length of the second lens element 20 is f2; a focal length of the third lens element 30 is f3; a focal length of the fourth lens element 40 is f4; a focal length of the fifth lens element 50 is f5; a focal length of the sixth lens element 60 is f6; a refractive index of the first lens element 10 is n1; a refractive index of the second lens element 20 is n2; a refractive index of the third lens element 30 is n3; a refractive index of the fourth lens element 40 is n4; a refractive index of the fifth lens element 50 is n5; a refractive index of the sixth lens element 60 is n6; an Abbe number of the first lens element 10 is v1; an Abbe number of the second lens element 20 is v2; an Abbe number of the third lens element 30 is u3; and an Abbe number of the fourth lens element 40 is u4; an Abbe number of the fifth lens element 50 is u5; and an Abbe number of the sixth lens element 60 is u6.
Please refer to
Only the six lens elements 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 of the optical imaging lens 1 of the first embodiment have refracting power. The optical imaging lens 1 also has an aperture stop 80, a filter 90, and an image plane 91. The aperture stop 80 is provided between the first lens element 10 and the second lens element 20. The filter 90 may be an infrared cut-off filter.
The first lens element 10 has negative refracting power. An optical axis region 13 and a periphery region 14 of the object-side surface 11 of the first lens element 10 are convex. An optical axis region 16 and a periphery region 17 of the image-side surface 12 of the first lens element 10 are concave. Besides, both the object-side surface 11 and the image-side surface 12 of the first lens element 10 are aspherical surfaces, but it is not limited thereto.
The second lens element 20 has positive refracting power. An optical axis region 23 and a periphery region 24 of the object-side surface 21 of the second lens element 20 are convex. An optical axis region 26 and a periphery region 27 of the image-side surface 22 of the second lens element 20 are convex. Besides, both the object-side surface 21 and the image-side surface 22 of the second lens element 20 are aspherical surfaces, but it is not limited thereto.
The third lens element 30 has positive refracting power. An optical axis region 33 and a periphery region 34 of the object-side surface 31 of the third lens element 30 are convex. An optical axis region 36 of the image-side surface 32 and a periphery region 37 of the image-side surface 32 of the third lens element 30 are convex. Besides, both the object-side surface 31 and the image-side surface 32 of the third lens element 30 are aspherical surfaces, but it is not limited thereto.
The fourth lens element 40 has negative refracting power. An optical axis region 43 and a periphery region 44 of the object-side surface 41 of the fourth lens element 40 are concave. An optical axis region 46 and a periphery region 47 of the image-side surface 42 of the fourth lens element 40 are concave. Besides, both the object-side surface 41 and the image-side surface 42 of the fourth lens element 40 are aspherical surfaces, but it is not limited thereto.
The fifth lens element 50 has positive refracting power. An optical axis region 53 of the object-side surface 51 of the fifth lens element 50 is concave and a periphery region 54 of the object-side surface 51 of the fifth lens element 50 is convex. An optical axis region 56 of the image-side surface 52 and a periphery region 57 of the image-side surface 52 of the fifth lens element 50 are convex. Besides, both the object-side surface 51 and the image-side surface 52 of the fifth lens element 50 are aspherical surfaces, but it is not limited thereto.
The sixth lens element 60 has negative refracting power. An optical axis region 63 of the object-side surface 61 of the sixth lens element 60 is convex and a periphery region 64 of the object-side surface 61 of the sixth lens element 60 is concave. An optical axis region 66 of the image-side surface 62 of the sixth lens element 60 is concave and a periphery region 67 of the image-side surface 62 of the sixth lens element 60 is convex. Besides, both the object-side surface 61 and the image-side surface 62 of the sixth lens element 60 are aspherical surfaces, but it is not limited thereto. The filter 90 is disposed between the image-side surface 62 of the sixth lens element 60 and the image plane 91.
In the first lens element 10, the second lens element 20, the third lens element 30, the fourth lens element 40, the fifth lens element 50 and the sixth lens element 60 of the optical imaging lens element 1 of the present invention, there are 12 surfaces, such as the object-side surfaces 11/21/31/41/51/61 and the image-side surfaces 12/22/32/42/52/62. If a surface is aspherical, these aspheric coefficients are defined according to the following formula:
In which:
R represents the curvature radius of the lens element surface;
Z represents the depth of an aspherical surface (the perpendicular distance between the point of the aspherical surface at a distance Y from the optical axis I and the tangent plane of the vertex on the optical axis I of the aspherical surface);
Y represents a vertical distance from a point on the aspherical surface to the optical axis I;
K is a conic constant; and
ai is the aspheric coefficient of the ith order.
The optical data of the first embodiment of the optical imaging lens 1 are shown in
Please refer to
The optical data of the second embodiment of the optical imaging lens are shown in
Please refer to
The optical data of the third embodiment of the optical imaging lens are shown in
Please refer to
The optical data of the fourth embodiment of the optical imaging lens are shown in
Please refer to
The optical data of the fifth embodiment of the optical imaging lens are shown in
Please refer to
The optical data of the sixth embodiment of the optical imaging lens are shown in
Please refer to
The optical data of the seventh embodiment of the optical imaging lens are shown in
Please refer to
The optical data of the eighth embodiment of the optical imaging lens are shown in
Some important parameters and ratios in each embodiment are shown in
The applicant found that in accordance with the following designs, the lens configuration of the present invention has the following features and corresponding advantages:
1. The aperture stop is disposed between the first lens element and the second lens element to go with the following combinations to facilitate the increase of FOV along with the decrease of surface area of the front camera.
1) The first lens element has negative refracting power, a periphery region of the object-side surface of the first lens element is convex, the second lens element has positive refracting power, an optical-axis region of the image-side surface of the second lens element is convex, an optical-axis region of the object-side surface of the third lens element is convex, an optical-axis region of the image-side surface of the third lens element is convex, and AAGF/T6≤2.000. The preferable range is 0.700≤AAGF/T6≤2.000;
2) The first lens element has negative refracting power, a periphery region of the object-side surface of the first lens element is convex, an optical-axis region of the image-side surface of the second lens element is convex, an optical-axis region of the object-side surface of the third lens element is convex, a periphery region of the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is concave, a periphery region of the object-side surface of the sixth lens element is concave and AAGB/(T4+T6)≤3.100. The preferable range is 1.600≤AAGB/(T4+T6)≤3.100;
3) The first lens element has negative refracting power, an optical-axis of the object-side surface of the first lens element is convex, a periphery region of the image-side surface of the first lens element is concave, an optical-axis region of the object-side surface of the third lens element is convex, an optical-axis region of the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is concave, an optical-axis region of the image-side surface of the sixth lens element is concave and AAG/T6≤1.300. The preferable range is 0.900≤AAG/T6≤1.300.
2. The optical imaging lens of the present invention may further satisfy the following conditional formulae to facilitate EFL and optical parameters within a preferable range so the parameters are not so great to jeopardize the correction of the aberration of the optical imaging lens or too small to fabricate or to assemble the optical imaging lens set.
1.000≤ImgH/EFL, and the preferable range is 1.000≤ImgH/EFL≤1.700.
3. The optical imaging lens of the present invention may further satisfy the following conditional formulae to facilitate the air gaps between the adjacent lens elements or the thickness of each lens element within a preferable range so the parameters are not so great to jeopardize the decrease in total length of the optical imaging lens or too small to fabricate or to assemble the optical imaging lens set.
1) (G12+T2)/T6≤1.600, and the preferable range is 0.700≤(G12+T2)/T6≤1.600;
2) TL/(T4+T6)≤5.500, and the preferable range is 3.200≤TL/(T4+T6)≤5.500;
3) AAG/(T4+T6)≤1.300, and the preferable range is 0.600≤AAG/(T4+T6)≤1.300;
4) (AAG+T1)/(T4+T6)≤1.600, and the preferable range is 0.800≤(AAG+T1)/(T4+T6)≤1.600;
5) 85.000°/mm≤HFOV/AAGF, and the preferable range is 85.000°/mm≤HFOV/AAGF≤120.000°/mm;
6) TTL/ALT46≤3.100, and the preferable range is 2.400≤TTL/ALT46≤3.100;
7) ALT/(T6+BFL)≤2.400, and the preferable range is 1.400≤ALT/(T6+BFL)≤2.400;
8) D11t32/D32t52≤1.600, and the preferable range is 0.900≤D11t32/D32t52≤1.600;
9) ALT/D51t62≤2.300, and the preferable range is 1.700≤ALT/D51t62≤2.300;
10) ALT13/(T6+G23)≤3.600, and the preferable range is 1.500≤ALT13/(16+G23)≤3.600;
11) ALT24/(T6+G34)≤3.200, and the preferable range is 1.500≤ALT24/(16+G34)≤3.200;
12) ALT14/(T6+G45)≤3.100, and the preferable range is 1.500≤ALT14/(T6+G45)≤3.100;
13) (T3+G12+G56)/T5≤2.000, and the preferable range is 0.600≤(13+G12+G56)/T5≤2.000;
14) (T1+G45+G56)/T6≤2.100, and the preferable range is 0.700≤(T1+G45+G56)/T6≤2.100;
15) 2.600≤ImgH/AAGF, and the preferable range is 2.600≤ImgH/AAGF≤5.000.
4. The optical imaging lens of the present invention may further satisfy the following conditional formulae to facilitate the f-number or an optical parameter within a preferable range so the parameter is not too great to lower the f-number or too small to fabricate or to assemble the optical imaging lens set.
AAG*Fno/T6≤5.700, and the preferable range is 1.600≤AAG*Fno/T6≤5.700.
Any arbitrary combination of the parameters of the embodiments can be selected to increase the lens limitation so as to facilitate the design of the same structure of the present invention.
In the light of the unpredictability of the optical imaging lens, the above conditional formulas preferably suggest the above principles to have a smaller surface area of the front camera, shorter total length of the optical imaging lens, a larger aperture stop, better imaging quality or a better fabrication yield to overcome the drawbacks of prior art.
One or more above-mentioned limiting conditional formulae may be arbitrarily combined in the examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the implementation of the present invention, detailed structures such as a convex or a concave surface arrangement of one or more lens elements may be additionally designed to enhance the control of system performance and/or resolution in addition to the aforementioned conditional formulae. It should be noted that these details may be selectively combined and applied to other examples of the present invention without conflict.
The numeral value ranges within the maximum and minimum values obtained from the combination ratio relationships of the optical parameters disclosed in each embodiment of the invention can all be implemented accordingly.
Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the device and method may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and bounds of the appended claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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201911420376.7 | Dec 2019 | CN | national |
This application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/807,167, filed on Mar. 3, 2020. The content of the application is incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 16807167 | Mar 2020 | US |
Child | 18104305 | US |