Claims
- 1. Optical micro-actuator comprising a cavity (30) formed between at least one optical input channel (12, 12a, 12b) and at least one optical output channel (14, 14a, 14b), the cavity being capable of containing at least one first optical fluid and one second optical fluid (32, 33, 34, 35), with at least one different optical property, and means of modifying the position of an interface between the first and second optical fluids with respect to the optical channels, in which the means of modifying the position of the interface comprise at least one chamber (40, 41, 43) containing at least one fluid in fluid contact with the cavity (30), and electrostatic control means (44, 46, 80) to modify the volume of the chamber.
- 2. Optical micro-actuator according to claim 1, in which the means of modifying the volume of the chamber comprise a deformable membrane (44, 45) forming a wall of the chamber.
- 3. Micro-actuator according to claim 2, comprising a first electrode fixed to the deformable membrane (44) and a second electrode fixed to a rigid support (46) placed facing the first electrode.
- 4. Micro-actuator according to claim 2, in which the membrane (44) has a free surface the area of which is greater than the area of one section of the cavity.
- 5. Micro-actuator according to claim 1, in which it the chamber comprises at least one flexible wall and contains at least one substantially incompressible fluid (31, 32).
- 6. Micro-actuator according to claim 1, in which the chamber has rigid walls, and contains at least one compressible fluid.
- 7. Micro-actuator according to claim 1, comprising a plurality N of optical input channels (12a, 12b) and a plurality M of optical output channels (14a, 14b), in which each optical input channel may be selectively connected to at least one of the optical output channels through the cavity.
- 8. Micro-actuator according to claim 1, comprising at least one first optical guide forming at least one input channel and at least one second optical guide forming at least one output channel.
- 9. Micro-actuator according to claim 1, in which the chamber contains at least one fluid chosen from among the first and second optical fluids (32, 34) and/or at least one driving fluid (31) with or without direct contact with at least one of the first and second optical fluids.
- 10. Micro-actuator according to claim 1, in which the chamber comprises a bladder (43) containing at least one of a driving fluid and an optical fluid, and the means of modifying the volume of the chamber comprise means (80) of compressing the bladder.
- 11. Micro-actuator according to claim 1, comprising at least one first chamber (40) in fluid relation with the cavity (30) and at least one second chamber (40a, 41) in fluid relation with the cavity and in which the means of modifying the volume of the chamber comprise at least one deformable membrane (44, 45) forming a wall of at least one chamber.
- 12. Micro-actuator according to claim 11, comprising a vent duct (49) connecting the second chamber (40a) in fluid relation with the cavity, to a chamber (47) located on one side of the membrane (44) opposite the cavity (30).
- 13. Micro-actuator according to claim 11, in which each chamber comprises a deformable membrane (44, 45) moved by an electrostatic motor.
- 14. Optical mixer comprising a plurality of optical micro-actuators conform with claim 1.
- 15. Use of a micro-actuator according to claim 1, in a component chosen from among optical relays, optical extinguishers, optical switches and optical attenuators.
- 16. Method for making an optical micro-actuator comprising the following steps:
formation of a fluid chamber (40) on a first substrate (60) comprising a first electrode (144), formation of at least one optical channel (12, 14) on a second substrate (64) and etching a cavity (30) separating two parts of the optical channel, assembly of the first substrate (60) and the second substrate, making the cavity coincide with the chamber, release of part of the first substrate, through a back face, to form a membrane (44) and expose the first electrode transfer of a third substrate (46, 48) comprising a second electrode (46) on to the first substrate, the third substrate being transferred onto the first substrate through shims (62) allowing movement of the membrane (44).
- 17. Method according to claim 16, in which use is made of a first substrate comprising a solid silicon part (60), and of a stack on this solid part, said stack comprising an electrical isolating layer (62) and a non-isolating layer (144) in which:
the fluid chamber is formed in a layer of material (42) covering the said stack, and when the membrane is released, the solid part of the first substrate is eliminated and at least one layer of the stack of layers is kept as a membrane, the non-isolating layer of the stack forming an electrode fixed to the membrane.
- 18. Method according to claim 16, in which an open chamber (40) is formed in a layer of material (42) of the first substrate and the said chamber is closed when the first and second substrates are assembled.
- 19. Method for making a micro-actuator in a structure formed of a stack of layers, comprising the following steps:
formation of at least one fluid chamber in the structure, with a rear part of the chamber comprising a first electrode, release of the part of the rear part of the chamber thus formed to make a membrane and to expose the first electrode, formation of at least one optical channel in the structure and making a cavity separating at least two parts of the optical channel, the cavity being coincident with the chamber, formation of a second electrode facing the first electrode, this second electrode enabling movement of the membrane.
- 20. Method for making the optical micro-actuator, the method comprising the following steps:
formation of at least one fluid chamber in a first substrate with a first layer comprising the first electrode and a second layer comprising the second electrode, these two electrodes being separated by an isolating layer, formation of at least the said optical channel in or on a second substrate and etching a cavity separating at least two parts of the optical channel, assembly of the first substrate and the second substrate, making the cavity coincide with the chamber, release of part of the first layer comprising the first electrode to form a membrane, by etching part of the isolating layer from the rear face of the first substrate.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
00 16148 |
Dec 2000 |
FR |
|
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority based on International Patent Application No. PCT/FR01/03895, entitled “Optical Micro-Actuator, Optical Component Using The Micro-Actuator and Method for Making an Optical Micro-Actuator” by Claire Divoux and Claude Charbrol, which claims priority of French application no. 00/16148, filed on Dec. 12, 2000, and which was not published in English.
PCT Information
Filing Document |
Filing Date |
Country |
Kind |
PCT/FR01/03895 |
12/10/2001 |
WO |
|