This invention relates to a method of installing a plurality of coated steel belts as tension members for elevator systems.
Conventional traction elevator systems include a passenger car, a counterweight, two or more wire cables interconnecting the passenger car and the counterweight, a traction sheave to move the cables and a machine to move the traction sheave. Although this design has proven reliable and cost effective for many years, the wire cables employed in such a system have limited service lives. This limitation is the result of several factors. For example, to enhance friction forces between the cable and the sheave, the wrap angle of the cable is either increased or another possibility is to undercut grooves in the sheave. Both techniques subject the cable to increased wear and/or increased rope pressure. Another limitation associated with traditional steel cables is the need to produce cables of a sufficient diameter to comply with elevator safety codes. The imposed cable diameters require larger sheave diameters, which in turn, require greater torque from the machine used to drive the system.
The greater applied torque combined with pressure imposed by the sheave, subjects conventional elevator cables to great stress, which in turn shortens the service life as a tension member. Engineers under the direction of Otis Elevator, designed an elevator tension member that effectively minimized the various stress forces on the member so as to produce a more durable tension member with a longer service life than conventional cables. To accomplish this goal, the tension member consists of a plurality of individual load carrying cords encased within a common layer of coating that separates the individual cords while at the same time defining an engagement surface for the traction sheave. The coating layer is formed from a polyurethane material extruded onto and through the plurality of cords. The resulting tension member is relatively flat. The flattening out of the tension member minimizes the thickness and maximizes the width of the tension member without sacrificing cross-sectional area or load carrying capacity. As a result, stronger more flexible “belt-like” elevator tension members are produced. Details relating to the manufacture of coated steel elevator tension belts are disclosed in commonly owned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 406,453, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,295,799, the contents of which are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference. This novel tension member shall hereinafter be referred to as a “coated steel belt.” This design distributes the pressure more uniformly throughout the tension member, thus reducing the maximum pressure applied to the tension member as compared to a conventional cable having a similar load capacity. Furthermore, the effective member diameter of the sheave is minimized which in turn reduces the magnitude of the torque needed to drive the sheave which in turn increases the rotational speed. Coated steel belts permit the use of less costly, more compact high speed motors as the driving mechanism of the elevator system.
The traction sheave and one surface of the coated steel belt are complimentary contoured to provide traction and to guide the engagement between the coated steel belt and the sheave. Conventional elevator cables, having no such traction enhancing contouring, need only be individually fed down the elevator shaft for installation. It was discovered that attempts to install the novel coated steel belts using traditional elevator cable installation methods were time consuming and resulted in damage to the belts. Because of its contoured surface, diligent attention was required to ensure proper installation of the coated steel belts so that the contoured surface of the belts came in contact with the surface of the sheave. The coated steel belts have a tendency to twist when fed individually down the elevator shaft. This twisting can damage the belt. Therefore, there exists a need for a new and improved method of installing coated steel belts as tension members in elevator systems without causing twisting of the coated steel belts during installation.
In view of the forgoing disadvantages inherent in the conventional methods present in the prior art, the present invention provides an improved method of installing coated steel belt tension members in elevator systems.
It was a goal of the present inventor to provide a low cost easy-to-use storage and feeding device which can readily accommodate and dispense a plurality of belts in an exceptionally rapid manner. Due to the spatial limitations associated with elevator systems, the dispensers need to be easily lifted and transported to the elevator machine room or hoistway.
To accomplish this goal, the present inventor devised a portable coated steel belt dispensing device capable of portioning out a plurality of belts. A continuous coated steel belt is rolled from end to end and is retained in place in a box-like structure. A hollow core is passed through two opposing holes in the side walls of the dispenser through the center of the steel belt roll. The core is cradled by the side walls of the dispenser. The walls of the box-like structure can be made from corrugated plastic or cardboard. The core acts as an axle rotatably supporting the coated steel belt rolls. A plurality of steel belt rolls can be rotatably supported by a single core so long as the center of the rolls have similar dimensions.
The wall of the dispensing device located at the free end of the steel belt roll has an elliptical perforation that can be punched out by the technician during installation to retrieve the free ends of the rolls. When a dispensing force is exerted on the free end of the coated steel belt roll which is generally greater than the relative weight of the roll, the roll begins to systematically unravel, dispensing the belt out of the aforementioned perforated slit. The dispensing force is created by the technician pulling on the free end of the steel belt roll causing the roll to rotate on the core.
To position a plurality of steel belts in the dispenser, the technician deposits the desired number of steel belt rolls of equivalent lengths side-by-side vertically in the dispenser. The rolls should be positioned in the dispenser so that hollow centers of the rolls are aligned so that the core can be passed easily through each roll. The cylindrical perforations formed in the side walls of the dispenser are removed forming a hole in each side panel and the cylindrical axle is passed through one side panel hole, therethrough the centers of the steel belt rolls and then partially through the opposing hole in the opposite wall of the dispenser so that the ends of the axle are rotatably supported by the two side walls. If assembled correctly, the plurality of steel belt rolls should be rotatably supported by said axle.
To install a plurality steel belts in an elevator system in accordance with this invention, the technician first removes the elliptical perforation formed in the forward panel of the dispenser to retrieve the terminal ends of the individual belts. The technician unrolls equal amounts of the coated steel belts and aligns the edges. The terminal ends of the coated steel belts are then secured between two steel plates bolted together so as to apply a compression force on the ends of the steel belts sufficient to retain the belts, tightly. The clamped steel belts are then fed throughout the path of the elevator system and positioned in place.
The method described herein offers many advantages over the prior art method of
installing elevator support means. First, it offers an efficient way to install coated steel belts. Second, a plurality of elevator steel belts can be installed at the same time, saving installation time, thus decreasing costs. Finally, the described method effectively eliminates twisting of the belts that can cause damage and properly aligns the coated steel belts with the sheaves.
Referring to
However, when conventional methods were employed to install the new coated steel belts 10, the belts 10 became entangled as illustrated in
As seen in
The desired number of coated steel belts 37, intended for installation, are individually rolled from end to end in such a manner that each individual roll has a free unencumbered center capable of allowing a hollow core 38 to pass therethrough. A plurality of the steel belt rolls 35 are retained vertically and side-by-side in a one-piece box-like container 30.
A circular, parallel perforation (not shown) is located in the first side panel 31. A second perforation (not shown) is located in the opposing side panel 32 that is parallel to the perforation in the first side panel 31. The perforations are positioned so as to be in alignment with the centers (not shown) of the coated steel belt rolls 37. Prior to use, the installer punches out the aforementioned perforations and discards the circular punched-out portions. Each side wall 31 and 32, now has a circular opening to allow a core or axle 38 to pass through. The core should not pass completely through the first hole, but a portion of the core should be rotatably supported by the first side panel. The hollow core is subsequently passed through the center of each steel belt roll and out the newly created hole of the opposing side wall 32. The length of the hollow core 38 should be longer than the width of the dispenser 30 so that both ends of the core 38 extend beyond the side walls 31 and 32 of the dispenser 30. The core or axle 38, having been slidably mounted through the pair of opposing holes in the sidewalls 31 and 32 is rotatably supported or cradled by the side walls 31 and 32 allowing for rotational motion during the unrolling and dispensing of the coated steel belts.
The core 38 may lift the coated steel belts vertically upward so that the weight of the roll rests on the core 38. When a tension force is applied to the free end of the belt rolls, the rolls rotate about the core 38. This motion dispenses the belts from the rolls. The core 38 holds the rolls in place while raising the rolls off the bottom of the dispenser 30 so as to prevent chaffing of the belts during dispensing.
An elongated, generally rectangular perforation 39 is incorporated into the front end panel 33. During use, the perforation 39 is removed forming a horizontal slit. The steel belt rolls 35 are positioned in the dispenser 30 so that the free end of each steel belt roll is situated so that it can be easily retrieved by the technician and pulled through the dispensing slot 39. Ideally, each steel belt roll is positioned in the dispenser 30 so that when the steel belt is pulled by the technician, a portion of the steel belt unravels from the roll and extends outward through the dispensing slit 39.
Referring to
Once clamped, a pulling means 45 is affixed to at least one of the plates 41 and 42. A pull tab 45, may be bolted to the plates 41 and 42 after the coated steel belts 40 have been secured. Again, caution needs to be exercised by the technician to prevent damage to the belts. In another embodiment, the pulling means 45 may be affixed to one of the plates prior to the clamping process. The pulling means 45 is not limited to a tab or its equivalent. For example, holes, either pre-formed or forged during installation, can be drilled in one or both plates to allow a hook or its equivalent to engage the plate-belt combination and pull it during the installation process. Ideally the holes are formed in that portion of the plate that extends beyond the end of the belts to prevent damage to the belts 40.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Before installation, the desired number of individual containers 81, 82, 83 and 84 containing a single belt roll are slid vertically into the dispenser 80 so that the perforated holes (not shown) contained in the side panels of the individual containers 81, 82, 83 and 84 align with the perforated holes 86 contained in the side panels of the dispenser 80. The dispenser slot (not shown) of each front panel of each individual container 81, 82, 83 and 84 should align with the dispensing slot 87 contained in the front panel 88 of the dispenser 80. If inserted correctly, the core 85 should pass through the holes contained in the side panels of the dispenser 80 once the perforations are removed, through the holes contained in the side panels (not shown) of each individual container 81, 82, 83 and 84, through the centers (not shown) of each steel belt roll contained therein and through the hole (not shown) contained in the opposite side panel (not shown) of the dispenser 80. As stated previously, the side walls of the dispenser 80 rotatably cradle the core 85 after it is properly positioned. Also, if the individual containers 81, 82, 83 and 84 are positioned correctly in the main dispenser 80, the ends at the periphery of the steel belt rolls (not shown) contained in each individual container 81, 82, 83 and 84 should be accessible and easily pulled through both the dispensing slot of each respective individual container 81, 82, 83, 84 and the main dispenser 80.
Referring to
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As demonstrated, the described method for installing coated steel belts as elevator tension means is preferable over conventional techniques. In the time it took to install one belt using traditional methods, a technician can install 3, 5 or more belts. Entanglement is minimized due to the controlled feeding of the belts through the elevator system. Because the belts are secured to the plates prior to installation, proper orientation of the belts relative to the sheave is achieved. The described method also provides a safe means of storing and transporting coated steel belts. A number of belts can be installed at the same time, thus decreasing the time required to install the belts resulting in decreased installation costs.
In yet another embodiment, an integral handle structure may be incorporated into the design of the dispenser so as to ease transportation of the dispenser. A panel may contain parallel slits capable of retaining the flared ends of a handle-like structure into locking contact with the dispenser and individual roll containers. The dispenser may be constructed from corrugated cardboard, plastic or any like material. The dispenser is designed to be mass produced and can be discarded or reused. The dimensions of the dispenser and the individual containers can vary depending on need. Although rectangular, the dispenser may have other geometric shapes.
Although the invention has been shown and described with respect to exemplary embodiments thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, omissions and additions may be made thereto, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
This application is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/616,571, which was filed on Jul. 14, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,533,077.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20030085080 A1 | May 2003 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 09616571 | Jul 2000 | US |
Child | 10294190 | US |