The present invention pertains to the field of oral pharmaceutical composition of dihydropyridine derivatives. In particular, present invention relates to oral solution formulations of dihydropyridines with non-aqueous solvent and antioxidant having improved stability.
Since their introduction in therapy more than 40 years ago, dihydropyridines have been amongst the most successful drugs ever used in humans. Dihydropyridines derivatives used in medical therapy are highly acclaimed as valuable and effective in treatment of cardiac muscle and circulation diseases.
The structure of dihydropyridine derivatives are based on a system of dihydropyridine with a nitro or chlorophenyl substituent at position 4, which makes these compound very sensitive to light and UV radiation. Further, dihydropyridine do not show any thermal degradation in dry air atmosphere in solid state but at elevated temperature in humid atmosphere these compounds undergo nitrozoderivative formation because of aromatisation of dihydropyridine ring by water molecule elimination.
Pharmaceutically acceptable acid Addition salt forms of dihydropyridine derivatives are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,572,909 which includes hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulphate, phosphate or acid phosphate, acetate, maleate, fumarate, lactate, tartrate, citrate and gluconate salts of dihydropyridine derivatives.
Besylate salt of amlodipine is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,879,303. Further this patent discloses pharmaceutical dosage forms of the besylate salt of amlodipine such as tablet, capsule and sterile aqueous solution for parenteral administration.
WO2010070705/US2011294860 disclose an aqueous oral preparation of stable amlodipine with anionic surfactant having a sulfuric acid group or a sulfonic acid group which is either a liquid preparation or a jelly preparation having a pH of 4.5-7. Higher acidity of these formulations, because of presence of sulfuric acid group or a sulfonic acid group makes these formulations unfavorable from the perspective of children or aged patients.
To overcome above mentioned problem, present invention provides a patient friendly stable oral solution of dihydropyridines with antioxidant having improved thermal, light or UV stability over other oral dosage forms with improved palatability.
The primary object of present invention is to provide oral pharmaceutical solution of dihydropyridine derivatives with non-aqueous solvent and antioxidant having improved stability.
Another object of present invention is to provide a cost effective and highly patient compliance oral solution of derivatives of dihydropyridines.
Still another object of present invention is to provide process for preparation of oral pharmaceutical solution of dihydropyridine derivatives with non-aqueous solvent and antioxidant having improved stability.
The present invention relates to an oral solution of dihydropyridine compounds with improved stability.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an oral pharmaceutical solution of dihydropyridines with an antioxidant which stabilize derivatives of dihydropyridines from thermal degradation, light or UV radiation into solution form.
Another aspect of present invention relates to oral solution of dihydropyridine derivatives comprises of an active ingredient with an antioxidant and other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as vehicle, solvent, sweetener and flavouring agent.
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) have a common mechanism of action, but there is difference in the subclasses based on pharmacological action they exert.
Dihydropyridine CCBs tends to be more potent vasodilators than non-dihydropyridine (non-DHP) agents, whereas the latter have more marked negative inotropic effects.
Dihydropyridine works via dual mode of action as following:
Further, no release from both vascular endothelium and platelets may contribute to the antiatherosclerotic and antithrombotic effects of dihydropyridines.
Dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blockers are derived from the molecule dihydropyridine and used to reduce systemic vascular resistance and arterial pressure as they have higher vascular selectivity and also used for treatment of angina and are particularly effecting for vasospastic angina as dihydropyridines have minimal effect on cardiac conduction or heart rate but have potent actions as arterial vasodilators.
The first-generation dihydropyridines have proven efficacy against hypertension, but they are associated with short duration and rapid onset of vasodilator action and more likely to be associated with adverse effects. In response of this problem second-generation dihydropyridines were synthesized which allowed better control of the therapeutic effect and have better pharmacokinetic profile that encompasses longer action than first-generation drugs. Second-generation dihydropyridines have enhanced vascular selectivity and have reduction in some adverse effects.
The third generation drugs have defined as long acting drugs and two distinct types of CCBs belong to this generation. One is characterized by a sustained blood concentration with a long half-life which is exemplified by amlodipine a one of the third generation dihydropyridine and pharmacodynamic innovation began with the third-generation agents including amlodipine, nitrendipine. The other category is characterized by lipophilic and highly histotropic properties which subsequently provides long-acting pharmacokinetics of this agents such as lercanidipine and lacidipine.
In an embodiment, the active pharmaceutical ingredient for oral pharmaceutical solution dosage form is selected from the derivatives of dihydropyridines such as nifedipine, nicardipine, felodipine, amlodipine, nitrendipine etc.
In an embodiment, the present invention is exemplified with one of the widely used and undeniably succeeded dihydropyridine derivative, amlodipine.
Chemically, amlodipine is 3-O-ethyl 5-O-methyl 2-(2-aminoethoxymethyl)-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate. Amlodipine has following chemical structure:
Salt is a product generated upon the neutralization of an acid or base. Pharmaceutical salts are important in the process of drug development, as converting an acidic or basic drug into a salt via a simple neutralization reaction has the ability to change the physicochemical properties of a drug.
Using different chemical species to neutralize the parent drug can produce a diverse series of compounds, and this process is traditionally used to improve drug stability, drug solubility and drug dissolution rates. In accordance with salt formation, various non-toxic Addition salts of amlodipine containing pharmaceutically acceptable anions such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulfate, phosphate or acid phosphate, acetate, maleate, fumarate, lactate, tartrate, citronate and gluconate is synthesized to improve light and storage stability of amlodipine.
Besylate salt of amlodipine is synthesized for further improvement of stability. Sulfonic acid salts possess a range of properties that are useful to both synthetic and formulation chemist as they do offer significant advantages as alternatives to other salt forming moieties under certain circumstances. Besylate salt of amlodipine increases stability of amlodipine in liquid dosage form under various circumstances such as under refrigeration, room temperature conditions or thermal conditions.
In one of the embodiment of present invention, preferred salt form of amlodipine is amlodipine besylate and has following chemical structure:
In one embodiment, present invention relates to an oral pharmaceutical solution of amlodipine besylate with improved stability in solution dosage form.
Aspects of present invention relates to oral pharmaceutical solution of amlodipine besylate comprising of active ingredient amlodipine besylate with antioxidant and other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as vehicle, solvent, sweetener, chelating agent, pH adjusting agent and flavouring agent.
Vehicles as referred to in the present invention, can be either aqueous vehicles or oily vehicles. Aqueous vehicles can be selected from but not limited to purified water, hydro-alcoholic, polyhydric alcohols and buffers, while oily vehicles can be selected from vegetable oils, mineral oils, organic oily bases or emulsified bases.
By solvents in the present invention, it refers to solvents which are used to increase solubility of drugs having low solubility in water. It is also used to improve viscosity, taste and flavor. Solvent system comprises of solvents selected from but not limited to propylene glycol, glycerin, alcohol, polyhydric alcohol and water for injection which is used alone or in combination.
The antioxidant and Non-aqueous solvent in the present invention, as long as it used to protect besylate salt of amlodipine from degradation into solution phase and not particularly limited. Antioxidant is a substance capable of inhibiting oxidation and that may be Added to pharmaceutical products to prevent deterioration by oxidative processes. Antioxidant can be selected from but not limited to butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT), sodium metabisulfite, ascorbic acid, alpha tocopherol, sodium edetate.
Sweetener referred in the present invention can be selected from but not limited to sucrose, sugar alcohol, liquid glucose, glycerol, sorbitol, saccharin sodium and aspartame to impart sweetness to the formulation.
By flavoring agents as referred to the present invention, are mainly use to increase the palatability and enhance the aesthetic qualities of the liquid formulation. Flavoring agent can be selected but not limited to oil based flavoring agent such as essential oils including peppermint oil, orange oil, and lemon oil etc or can be selected from fruit flavors.
The present invention can be described by way of example only. It is to be recognized that modifications falling within the scope and spirit of the description or claims, which would be obvious to a person skilled in the art based upon the disclosure herein, are also considered to be included within the scope of this disclosure.
For the composition of amlodipine besylate 1 mg/ml, drug and excipients with its range are shown below in table:
The oral pharmaceutical solution of above composition is prepared by following method:—
For the composition of amlodipine besylate 1 mg/ml, drug and excipients with its range are shown below in table:
The oral pharmaceutical solution of above composition is prepared by following method:—
The oral pharmaceutical solution of above composition can also be prepared by using another method as under:—
Using the above composition of example 1 and 2, suspension can also be prepared by following method:—
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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3999/MUM/2015 | Oct 2015 | IN | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/IB2016/056327 | 10/21/2016 | WO | 00 |