Patent Application
20180008712
The present invention relates to stable oral topical aqueous pharmaceutical compositions comprising flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Furthermore the present invention also relates to stable oral topical aqueous pharmaceutical compositions comprising flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and chlorhexidine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to stable oral topical aqueous pharmaceutical compositions of these combinations having desired levels of solubility, enhanced taste and absorption from mucosal surface, wherein the pH of the solution is between 6 and 7.
Flurbiprofen is a well-known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug which has analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. It is used in muscle-skeletal and joint disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, in soft-tissue disorders such as sprains and strains and for postoperative pains. Its chemical structure is illustrated with Formula I given below.
Flurbiprofen is mostly administrated orally. One disadvantage of the oral administration of flurbiprofen comprising compositions is that the patient is likely to experience unpleasant side effects, including gastrointestinal irritation. The use of flurbiprofen in treating local pains and inflammations may cause a problem especially for those who have gastrointestinal system disorders. It is possible to develop various locally-administrable topical forms of flurbiprofen, in order to avoid the systemic side-effects thereof.
Another disadvantage of flurbiprofen is that it is practically insoluble in water. This makes it difficult to prepare its aqueous solutions.
Dexpanthenol (D-panthenol) is a stable alcoholic precursor of the pantothenic acid, which represents the biologically active substance. In the tissues, including the skin, dexpanthenol is rapid and completely metabolized when applied topically. Dexpanthenol is absorbed by the skin where it is converted into Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) and is thus a provitamin of B5. Dexpanthenol acts as a humectant, improving stratum corneum hydration, reducing transdermal loss of water and promoting skin elasticity. On the other hand, its cutaneous regeneration activity results from the activation of fibroblasts proliferation, which is relevant in the healing of wounds and of the injured mucous membrane.
Dexpanthenol and its salts have the disadvantage of having a bitter taste. Thus there is a need to mask the bitter taste of these compounds so that patient compliance will be increased effectively. Its chemical structure is illustrated with Formula II given below.
Furthermore, this formulation may also comprise chlorhexidine in addition to flurbiprofen and dexpanthenol. Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic and disinfectant against a wide variety of bacteria, fungi and some viruses. It is used clinically in various preparations for disinfecting purposes such as oral rinses and skin cleansers. It is often used in mouthwash designed for reducing dental plaque and oral bacteria and to treat and prevent gingivitis.
Chlorhexidine and its derivatives have the disadvantage that they stain the teeth with repeated use and have a bitter taste. Thus there is a need to increase the water solubility of chlorhexidine and its derivatives and to mask the bitter taste of these compounds so that they can be more incorporated into the aqueous based compositions to decrease the level of staining the teeth significantly and find greater acceptability to the user.
Accordingly, for the treatment of oral mucosa and oral cavity inflammations, stomatitis, aphtha, periodontal diseases and non-specific epidermal and muco-epidermal infections and inflammations there arises the need of an oral topical aqueous compositions comprising flurbiprofen and dexpanthenol or flurbiprofen and dexpanthenol and chlorhexidine which optimizes the delivery of them through the oral mucosal surface.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an oral topical aqueous pharmaceutical composition of flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof having desired levels of solubility enhanced taste and absorption from mucosal surface.
The inventors of the present invention have discovered that by using an alkalizing agent the pH of the solution is adjusted to pH 6 to 7 thus the solubility of flurbiprofen is increased and absorption through the oral mucosal surface achieved to be at the desired levels. Therefore it is another object of the invention to provide an oral topical aqueous pharmaceutical composition of flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts wherein the pH of the solution is between 6 and 7.
In addition to this, the inventors of the present invention have discovered that menthol not only masks the bitter taste of flurbiprofen and dexpanthenol but also increase the solubility and improve the clearness of the solution. Thus it is another object of the invention to provide an oral topical aqueous pharmaceutical composition of this combination comprising menthol and wherein the pH of the solution is between 6 and 7.
The invention further provides a method for the treatment of oral mucosa and oral cavity inflammations, stomatitis, aphtha, periodontal diseases and non-specific epidermal and muco-epidermal infections and inflammation using such preparations. Another object of the present invention is to provide easily applicable oral topical aqueous pharmaceutical compositions of flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof having desired levels of solubility and having improved taste.
Furthermore this pharmaceutical composition may also comprise chlorhexidine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in addition to flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Thus, another object of the invention is to provide a composition preventing the staining of the teeth caused by the regular use of chlorhexidine.
A further object of the present invention is to obtain a stable topical aqueous pharmaceutical composition of flurbiprofen and dexpanthenol or flurbiprofen and dexpanthenol and chlorhexidine during the shelf-life and to exhibit high safety when applied to the oral mucosal surface.
A further object of the present invention is to obtain a formulation with local anesthetic effect, with the menthol used in said combinations stimulating the receptors by which the cold sensation is perceived.
Further advantages and embodiments of the present invention will become apparent from the following description
According to the present invention, a novel oral topical aqueous pharmaceutical composition with anti-inflammatory and antiseptic activities is obtained surprisingly, which is having desired levels of solubility, enhanced taste and rapidly absorbed from the oral mucosa.
Flurbiprofen useful in accordance with this invention includes the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters of flurbiprofen, and further includes the conventionally used racemic mixture which comprises the S- and R-enantiomers of flurbiprofen. The topical aqueous pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprise from 0.01 to 5.0% flurbiprofen, preferably from 0.05 to 3.0%, more preferably from 0.10 to 2.0% by weight of the total composition.
The topical aqueous pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprise from 0.10 to 10.0% dexpanthenol or salts and esters thereof, preferably from 0.50 to 8.0%, more preferably from 1.0 to 7.5% by weight of the total composition.
The topical aqueous pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprise an alkalizing agent to adjust the pH of the solution to pH 6-7. Adjusting the pH of the solution to about 6 to 7 pH helps to enhance the dissolution, extent of penetration into oral mucosa, especially muco-epidermal and epidermal tissue and bioavailability. It also helps to increase the solubility of flurbiprofen which is otherwise insoluble in water thus making the aqueous formulations of it difficult and may cause a blur solution. Adjusting the pH to about 6 to 7 both helps to improve the solubility of flurbiprofen, dexpanthenol and furthermore chlorhexidine and increase the rate of absorption of them from the oral mucosal surface and thus a homogenous and clear solution is also obtained.
According to this embodiment, the oral aqueous pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises, on a weight basis,
(i) 0.01 to 5.0% flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;
(ii) 0.10 to 10.0% dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;
(iii) 0.1 to 5.0% sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH of the solution to between 6 and 7.
Suitable alkalizing agents comprise but not limited to sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, potassium bicarbonate, potassium citrate, potassium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium borate, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate dehydrate, triethanolamine and mixtures thereof. Preferably alkalizing agent is sodium hydroxide. Suitable alkalizing agents are preferably from 0.1 to 5.0%, more preferably from 1.0 to 4.0% by weight of the total composition.
In another embodiment, the topical aqueous pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprise menthol, from 0.01 to 2.0%, preferably from 0.05 to 1.0%, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the total composition. Menthol helps the composition of the present invention to improve and enhance the penetrating and spreading properties through the oral mucosal surface. It also helps to increase the solubility of the flurbiprofen and dexpanthenol and thus a homogenous and clear solution is obtained. Accordingly, menthol is used as a flavoring agent and masks the bitter taste of dexpanthenol and flurbiprofen. When other flavoring agents are used an unclear and blurry solution is obtained. The present inventors discovered that using menthol as a taste enhancer solves this problem and a clear solution is obtained as desired.
Furthermore menthol used in the formulation gives anesthetic effect at the side of administration as a result of stimulating the receptors by which cold sensation is perceived. Menthol when used with flurbiprofen and dexpanthenol, provides significant relief of pain associated with oral mucosa and oral cavity inflammations, periodontal disease and non-specific epidermal and muco-epidermal infections. Also menthol helps to mask the bad odour of the other excipients to obtain a good patient compliance when applying inside the mouth.
According to these embodiments, the oral aqueous pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises, on a weight basis,
(i) 0.01 to 5.0% flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;
(ii) 0.10 to 10.0% dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;
(iii) 0.01 to 2.0% menthol
In a preferred embodiment, the oral aqueous pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises, on a weight basis,
(i) 0.01 to 5.0% flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;
(ii) 0.10 to 10.0% dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;
(iii) 0.01 to 2.0% menthol
(iv) 0.1 to 5.0% sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH of the solution to between 6 and 7.
The pharmaceutical compositions according to the present invention may also comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. Such suitable pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprise, but are not limited to surfactants, viscosity enhancers, flavoring agents, sweetening agents, solvents, and their mixtures. The pharmaceutical compositions according to the present invention further comprise a dye optionally.
Suitable solvents may comprise but not limited to ethyl alcohol, glycerin, sorbitol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, purified water and mixtures thereof. Preferably ethyl alcohol, sorbitol, glycerin and purified water are used. Ethyl alcohol is also utilized as a microbiological preservative. Suitable solvents are used in an amount of from 5 to 45%, preferably from 10 to 35% by weight of the total composition.
Suitable preservatives, may include but not limited to methyl paraben, propyl paraben and salts thereof (e.g. sodium or potassium salts), sodium benzoate, citric acid, benzoic acid, butylated hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole or mixtures thereof. Preferably the preservatives are methyl paraben and propyl paraben in an amount of 0.01 to 0.50% by weight of the total composition, more preferably in an amount of 0.01 to 0.15% by weight of the total composition.
Suitable surface active agents may comprise but not limited to polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, polysorbate, polyexyethylene stearates, polyoxylglycerides, glyceryl monooleate, sorbic acid, butylparaben, phospholipids and mixtures thereof. Preferably the surface active agent is polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, more preferably polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil. The amount of polyoxyethylene castor oil derivative is from 0.1 to 5.0%, preferably from 0.5 to 2.5% by weight of the total composition. These amounts of polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives improve the spreading properties and minimize drying of the aqueous compositions of the present invention when it is applied inside of the mouth via spray, mouth rinse or mouthwash.
Suitable viscosity enhancers may comprise but not limited to glycerin, sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose, dextran, cellulose and derivatives, chitosan, carbomer and mixtures thereof. Preferably the viscosity enhancer is glycerin and the amount is from 5.0 to 25.0%, preferably from 10.0 to 25%, more preferably from 10.0 to 20.0% by weight of the total composition. Glycerin has also a stabilization effect when it is used in these amounts and helps the formulation to be stable over the shelf life.
Suitable flavoring agents may comprise but not limited to menthol, mint oil, eucalyptus oil, carnation oil, ginger oil, lavender oil, sweet orange oil and their mixtures. Preferably it is menthol and the amount is from 0.01 to 2.0%, preferably from 0.05 to 1.0%, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the total composition.
Suitable sweetening agents may comprise but not limited to sorbitol, saccharin, saccharin sodium, aspartame, fructose, isomalt, maltitol, maltose, mannitol, sucrose, xylitol, glycerin and their mixtures, and the amount is from 0.01 to 2.0%, preferably 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of the total composition. Preferably the sweetening agent is saccharin sodium.
Suitable dyes may comprise but not limited to Patent Blue, quinoline yellow, orange G and mixtures thereof. Preferred dye is patent blue E 131.
In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises most preferably on a weight basis:
(i) 0.01 to 5.0% flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
(ii) 0.10 to 10.0% dexpanthenol or salts thereof,
(iii) 0.01 to 2.0% menthol,
(iv) 0.1 to 5.0% sodium hydroxide,
(v) 5.0 to 20.0% sorbitol,
(vi) 0.01 to 2.0% saccharine sodium,
(vii) 5.0 to 25% glycerin,
(viii) 0.1 to 5.0% polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil,
(ix) 0.01 to 0.50% methyl paraben,
(x) 0.01 to 0.20% propyl paraben,
(xi) 5.0 to 15.0% ethyl alcohol,
(xii) 0.0001 to 0.001% patent blue
In another embodiment, this pharmaceutical composition may also comprise chlorhexidine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in addition to flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which does not cause the staining of the teeth which is an unwanted effect of chlorhexidine in oral aqueous preparations.
In one embodiment, the topical aqueous pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprise from 0.01 to 3.00% chlorhexidine or salts and esters thereof, preferably from 0.05 to 2.50%, more preferably from 0.10 to 2.0% by weight of the total composition.
According to this embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises most preferably on a weight basis:
(i) 0.01 to 5.0% flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;
(ii) 0.10 to 10.0% dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;
(iii) 0.01 to 3.0% chlorhexidine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;
According to the more preferred embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises most preferably on a weight basis:
(i) 0.01 to 5.00% flurbiprofen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
(ii) 0.10 to 10.0% dexpanthenol or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
(iii) 0.01 to 3.00% chlorhexidine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
(iv) 0.01 to 2.00% menthol,
(v) 0.1 to 5.0% sodium hydroxide,
(vi) 5.0 to 20.0% sorbitol,
(vii) 0.01 to 2.0% saccharine sodium,
(viii) 5.0 to 25% glycerin,
(ix) 0.1 to 5.0% polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil,
(x) 5.0 to 15.0% ethyl alcohol,
(xi) 0.0001 to 0.001% patent blue
In one embodiment, the topical compositions of the invention may be in the form of mouthwash, mouth rinse and spray.
Accordingly, the said oral topical aqueous pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be used for treating oral mucosa and oral cavity inflammations, stomatitis, aphtha, periodontal diseases and non-specific epidermal and muco-epidermal infections and inflammation.
This invention is further defined by reference to the following examples. Although the examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, they should be considered in the light of the description detailed above.
Preparation of the Oral Topical Aqueous Solution:
Step 1: Flurbiprofen was dissolved in ethyl alcohol, methyl paraben and propyl paraben and stirred until it dissolves (apprx. 10 min.)
Step 2: Dexpanthenol is stirred in purified water until it dissolves (apprx. 10 min.)
Step 3: Step 1 and step 2 is mixed for 10 min.
Step 4: Adding sodium hydroxide to the solution in step 3 and stirred for 10 min.
Step 5: Polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil, glycerin and sorbitol 70 are added to the solution in step 4 and stirred for 15 min.
Step 6: Adding saccharine sodium to the solution in step 5 and stirred for 10 min. and then patent blue E131 is added and stirred further 5 more min.
Step 7: menthol is dissolved in ethyl alcohol and added to the solution in step 6 and stirred for 10 min.
Step 8: The pH of the solution was adjusted to 6.7 by adding sodium hydroxide to the solution and sufficient amount of purified water is added to the final solution to make the volume of the solution.
Preparation of the Oral Topical Aqueous Solution:
Step 1: Flurbiprofen was dissolved in ethyl alcohol and stirred until it dissolves (apprx. 10 min.)
Step 2: Adding sodium hydroxide to the solution of step 1 and stirred for 10 min.
Step 3: Polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil, glycerin, sorbitol 70 and purified water are added to the solution in step 2 and stirred for 15 min.
Step 4: Adding chlorhexidine gluconate with purified water to the solution in step 3 and stirred for 10 min. (Mixture 1)
Step 5: Dexpanthenol is dissolved in purified water in another container (Mixture 2)
Step 6: Mixture 1 and mixture 2 is mixed for 10 min.
Step 7: Adding saccharine sodium to the solution in step 6 and stirred for 10 min. and then patent blue E131 is added and stirred further 5 more min.
Step 8: Menthol is dissolved in ethyl alcohol and added to the solution in step 7 and stirred for 10 min.
Step 9: The pH of the solution was adjusted to 6.7 by adding sodium hydroxide to the solution and sufficient amount of purified water is added to the final solution to make the volume of the solution.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014/15759 | Dec 2014 | TR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2015/081246 | 12/24/2015 | WO | 00 |
