Claims
- 1. An organic vertical cavity laser light producing device, comprising:
a) a bottom dielectric stack reflective to light over a predetermined range of wavelengths; b) an organic active region for producing laser light, and having an organic active region including emissive material; c) a top dielectric stack spaced from the bottom dielectric stack and reflective to light over a predetermined range of wavelengths; d) wherein pump-beam light is transmitted and introduced into the organic active region through at least one of the dielectric stacks; and e) the organic active region includes one or more periodic gain region(s) and organic spacer layers disposed on either side of the periodic gain region(s) and arranged so that the periodic gain region(s) is aligned with the antinodes of the device's standing wave electromagnetic field, and wherein the spacer layers are substantially transparent to the laser light.
- 2. The device of claim 1 wherein the emissive material includes a host material or a host material and a dopant.
- 3. The device of claim 2 wherein the absorption of the host material or a host material and a dopant is small at the laser emission wavelength of the device.
- 4. The device of claim 2 wherein the absorption of the host material significantly overlaps the emission spectrum of the pump-beam light.
- 5. The device of claim 2 wherein the emission of the host material significantly overlaps the absorption of the dopant material.
- 6. The device of claim 1 wherein the spacer layers have insignificant absorption at or above the emission of the pump-beam light.
- 7. The device of claim 1 wherein the spacer layers comprise substituted or unsubstituted 1,2,3,4-tetraarylnaphthalene, mono-, 1,3-di-, 1,3,5-tri-, and 1,3,5,7-tetraaryladamantane, tetraarylmethane or triptycene compounds or combinations thereof.
- 8. The device of claim 1 wherein the spacer layers comprise substituted or unsubstituted 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylnaphthalene, 1,3,5-tri(3,5-dimethylphenyl)adamantane, 1,3,5,7-tetra(4-biphenyl)adamantane, 1,1-Bis-(4-bis(4-methyl-phenyl)-amino-phenyl)-cyclohexane, tetra(4-biphenyl)methane, or 2-t-butyl-9,10-o-benzeno-9,10-dihydroanthracene or combinations thereof.
- 9. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a fluorescent aromatic compound.
- 10. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material includes derivatives of substituted or unsubstituted tetracene, xanthene, perylene, rubrene, coumarin, rhodamine, quinacridone, dicyanomethylenepyran, thiopyran, polymethine, pyrilium, thiapyrilium, napthyridine, fluoranthene, furan, indole, thiaphene, benzoxanthene, pyrene, peropyrene, terphenyl, quaterphenyl, quinquephenyl, sexiphenyl, fluorene, anthanthrene, bisanthrene, N,N,N′,N′-tetrasubstituted benzidene, N,N,N′,N′-tetrarylbenzidene, or carbostyryl compounds or combinations thereof.
- 11. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a substituted or unsubstituted aza-aromatic compound.
- 12. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a substituted or unsubstituted acridine, quinoline, purine, phenazine, phenoxazine, or phenanthroline compound.
- 13. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a substituted or unsubstituted triarylamine compound.
- 14. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a substituted or unsubstituted chelated oxinoid compound, a substituted or unsubstituted dicarbazole-biphenyl compound, or a substituted or unsubstituted anthracene compound.
- 15. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a compound containing at least three phenylene moieties.
- 16. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a substituted or unsubstituted chelated oxinoid compound.
- 17. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a substituted or unsubstituted dicarbazole-biphenyl compound.
- 18. The device of claim 17 wherein the host material comprises 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazole-1,1-biphenyl (CBP).
- 19. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a substituted or unsubstituted anthracene compound.
- 20. The device of claim 19 wherein the host material comprises 9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)anthracene.
- 21. The device of claim 19 wherein the host material comprises 2-t-butyl-9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)anthracene.
- 22. The device of claim 19 wherein the host material comprises 9,10-bis-(4-(2,2′-diphenylethenyl)phenyl)anthracene.
- 23. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazole compound, a substituted or unsubstituted benzthiazole compound, a substituted or unsubstituted oxazole compound, a substituted or unsubstituted triazole compound, a substituted or unsubstituted oxadiazole compound or a substituted or unsubstituted benzimidazole compound.
- 24. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a compound of the formula:
- 25. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material comprises a compound of the formula:
- 26. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant material comprises a compound of the formula:
- 27. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant material comprises a compound of the formula:
- 28. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant material comprises a 4,4′-(1,4-phenylenedi-2,1-ethenediyl)bis(N,N-aryl)arylamine compound.
- 29. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant material comprises 4,4′-(9,10-anthracenediyldi-2,1-ethenediyl)bis(N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzenamine.
- 30. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant material comprises 4,4′-(1,4-naphthalenediyldi-2,1-ethenediyl)bis(N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzenamine.
- 31. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant material comprises 4,4′-(1,4-phenylenedi-2,1-ethenediyl)bis(N,N-(4-tolyl))benzeneamine.
- 32. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant comprises a fluorescent aromatic compound.
- 33. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant comprises a fluorescent dye.
- 34. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant comprises a phosphorescent dye.
- 35. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant is selected to provide emission between 300 and 1700 nm.
- 36. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant is selected to provide an emitted light having a blue hue.
- 37. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant is selected to provide an emitted light having a green hue.
- 38. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant is selected to provide an emitted light having a red hue.
- 39. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant comprises a fluorescent dye selected from substituted or unsubstituted anthracene, tetracene, xanthene, perylene, rubrene, coumarin, rhodamine, quinacridone, dicyanomethylenepyran, thiopyran , polymethine, pyrilium, thiapyrilium, napthyridine, fluoranthene, furan, indole, thiaphene, benzoxanthene, pyrene, peropyrene, terphenyl, quaterphenyl, quinquephenyl, sexiphenyl, fluorene, anthanthrene, bisanthrene, N,N,N′,N′-substitutedlbenzidene, N,N,N′,N′-tetrarylbenzidene, carbostyryl, acridine, quinoline, purine, phenazine, phenoxazine, and phenanthroline compounds.
- 40. The device of claim 2 wherein the dopant comprises a substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazole compound, a substituted or unsubstituted benzthiazole compound, a substituted or unsubstituted oxazole compound, a substituted or unsubstituted triazole compound, a substituted or unsubstituted oxadiazole compound or a substituted or unsubstituted benzimidazole compound.
- 41. The device of claim 39 wherein the dopant comprises a fluorescent dye including substituted or unsubstituted benzo-, dibenzo-, naphtha-, or dinaphtho-fused derivatives or combinations thereof.
- 42. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material includes a polymeric material.
- 43. The device of claim 42 wherein the host material is a blend of two or more polymeric materials.
- 44. The device of claim 2 wherein the host material is a combination of nonpolymeric and polymeric material.
- 45. The device of claim 42 wherein the polymeric materials are unsubstituted poly(p-phenylenevinylene) derivatives.
- 46. The device of claim 42 wherein the polymeric materials are substituted and unsubstituted poly(p-phenylene) derivatives.
- 47. The device of claim 42 wherein the polymeric materials are substituted and unsubstituted polyfluorene derivatives.
- 48. The device of claim 42 wherein the polymeric materials are substituted and unsubstituted poly(p-pyridine).
- 49. The device of claim 42 wherein the polymeric materials are substituted and unsubstituted poly(p-pyridalvinylene) derivatives.
- 50. The device of claim 42 wherein the polymeric materials are substituted and unsubstituted poly(p-phenylene) ladder and step-ladder polymers.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
0124595.0 |
Oct 2001 |
GB |
|
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] Reference is made to commonly assigned U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 10/066,936 filed Feb. 4, 2002 by Keith B. Kahen et al., entitled “Organic Vertical Cavity Lasing Devices Containing Periodic Gain Regions”, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.