The present disclosure relates generally to orthopedic implants. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to ball-and-socket implants.
Osteolytic lesions can be found on arthroplasty implants after several years of implantation. For example, in a patient who has had a hip replacement, osteolytic lesions can occur on the acetabulum. These lesions can be produced by a biological response to ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWP) debris. The UHMWP debris can result from wear between an acetabular shell and an UHMWPE liner in stalled therein. Further, the UHMWP debris can migrate through one or more screw holes in the acetabular shell into the interface between the acetabulum and the acetabular shell. Accordingly, there is a need to prevent UHMWP debris from migrating through the acetabular shell of a hip implant.
An acetabular implant is disclosed and can include an acetabular shell. Further, a liner can be installed within the acetabular shell. The acetabular implant further includes a seal that can be installed between the liner and the acetabular shell. The seal can substantially prevent debris from the liner from migrating through the acetabular shell.
In another embodiment, a seal for an acetabular implant is disclosed and can include a generally hemi-spherical seal body, wherein the seal body can be placed between an acetabular shell and a liner and wherein the seal body can substantially prevent debris from the liner from migrating through the acetabular shell.
In yet another embodiment, a method of treating a hip joint is disclosed and can include exposing the hip joint. Further, the method can include preparing an acetabulum to receive an acetabular implant and installing an acetabular shell within the acetabulum. Also, the method can include installing a seal within the acetabular shell.
In still another embodiment, an orthopedic implant is disclosed and can include a first component and a second component that can be installed in the first component. The orthopedic implant can further include a seal that can be installed between the first component and the second component. The seal can substantially prevent debris from the second component from migrating through the first component.
In yet still another embodiment, a seal for an orthopedic implant is disclosed and can include a generally hemi-spherical seal body. The seal body can be placed between a first component and a second component. Moreover, the seal body can substantially prevent debris from the second component from migrating through the first component.
Referring to
As the hip joint 100 ages, the acetabulum 106 or the femoral head 108 can deteriorate and weaken. As such, it may be desirable to replace the hip joint 100 with an artificial hip joint. For example, the acetabulum 106 can be replaced or otherwise augmented with an acetabulum implant, e.g., the acetabulum implant described herein.
Referring to
For example, the central angle of each screw engagement hole 410 can be two hundred degrees (200°), two hundred and ten degrees (210°), two hundred and twenty degrees (220°), two hundred and thirty degrees (230°), two hundred and forty degrees (240°), two hundred and fifty degrees (250°), two hundred and sixty degrees (260°), two hundred and seventy degrees (270°), two hundred and eighty degrees (280°), two hundred and ninety degrees (290°), three hundred degrees (300°), three hundred and ten degrees (310°), three hundred and twenty degrees (320°), three hundred and thirty degrees (330°), three hundred and forty degrees (340°), three hundred and fifty degrees (350°), or any other angle between one hundred and eighty degrees (180°) and three hundred and sixty degrees (360°).
Regardless of the central angle, each screw engagement hole 410 can be flanked by a first screw engagement structure 416 and a second screw engagement structure 418. In a particular embodiment, each screw engagement structure 416, 418 can be a portion of the material surrounding the screw engagement hole 410 between a central axis 420 of the screw engagement hole 410 and an outer perimeter of the acetabular shell 400. Accordingly, the screw engagement portions 416, 418 of each screw engagement hole 410 can partially wrap around a bone screw 422, shown in dashed lines in
As shown in
In a particular embodiment, the acetabular shell 400 can be made from one or more rigid materials. For example, the materials can be metal containing materials, polymer materials, or composite materials that include metals, polymers, or combinations of metals and polymers.
In a particular embodiment, the metal containing materials can be metals. Further, the metal containing materials can be ceramics. Also, the metals can be pure metals or metal alloys. The pure metals can include titanium. Moreover, the metal alloys can include stainless steel, a cobalt-chrome-molybdenum alloy, e.g., ASTM F-999 or ASTM F-75, a titanium alloy, or a combination thereof.
The polymer materials can include polyurethane materials, polyolefin materials, polyaryletherketone (PAEK) materials, or a combination thereof. Further, the polyolefin materials can include polypropylene, polyethylene, halogenated polyolefin, flouropolyolefin, or a combination thereof. The polyether materials can include polyetherketone (PEK), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetherketoneetherketoneketone (PEKEKK), or a combination thereof. Alternatively, the acetabular shell 400 can be made from any other substantially rigid materials.
Referring to
As further depicted in
In a particular embodiment, the seal 500 can be made from one or more biocompatible, substantially non-bioresorbable materials. For example, the materials can be metal containing materials, polymer materials, or composite materials that include metals, polymers, or combinations of metals and polymers.
In a particular embodiment, the metal containing materials can be metals. Further, the metal containing materials can be ceramics. Also, the metals can be pure metals or metal alloys. The pure metals can include titanium. Moreover, the metal alloys can include stainless steel, a cobalt-chrome-molybdenum alloy, e.g., ASTM F-999 or ASTM F-75, a titanium alloy, or a combination thereof.
The polymer materials can include polyurethane materials, polyolefin materials, polyaryletherketone (PAEK) materials, or a combination thereof. Further, the polyolefin materials can include polypropylene, polyethylene, halogenated polyolefin, flouropolyolefin, or a combination thereof. The polyether materials can include polyetherketone (PEK), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetherketoneetherketoneketone (PEKEKK), or a combination thereof. Alternatively, the seal 500 can be made from another biocompatible material. In an alternative embodiment, the seal 500 can be made sprayed into the acetabular shell 400 and cured in place.
In a particular embodiment, the first portion 604 of the apex plug 600 can be sized and shaped to fit into the first portion 452 of the central hole 450 formed in the acetabular shell 400. Further, in a particular embodiment, the first portion 604 of the apex plug 600 can be threaded and the first portion 604 of the apex plug 600 can be threadably engaged with the first portion 452 of the central hole 450 in the acetabular shell 400.
In a particular embodiment, the apex plug 600 can be made from one or more rigid materials. For example, the materials can be metal containing materials, polymer materials, or composite materials that include metals, polymers, or combinations of metals and polymers.
In a particular embodiment, the metal containing materials can be metals. Further, the metal containing materials can be ceramics. Also, the metals can be pure metals or metal alloys. The pure metals can include titanium. Moreover, the metal alloys can include stainless steel, a cobalt-chrome-molybdenum alloy, e.g., ASTM F-999 or ASTM F-75, a titanium alloy, or a combination thereof.
The polymer materials can include polyurethane materials, polyolefin materials, polyaryletherketone (PAEK) materials, or a combination thereof. Further, the polyolefin materials can include polypropylene, polyethylene, halogenated polyolefin, flouropolyolefin, or a combination thereof. The polyether materials can include polyetherketone (PEK), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetherketoneetherketoneketone (PEKEKK), or a combination thereof. Alternatively, the apex plug 600 can be made from any other substantially rigid materials.
Referring to
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As shown in
Referring to
Moving to block 1906, the hip joint can be dislocated. In other words, a femoral head can be removed from an acetabulum in order to completely expose the acetabulum and the femoral head. At block 1908, the acetabulum can be prepared to receive an acetabular implant, e.g., the acetabular implant described herein. The acetabulum can be prepared by removing bone in or around the acetabulum. Proceeding to block 1910, the acetabular shell can be inserted into the acetabulum. Further, at block 1912, one or more stabilizing rods can be installed through the acetabular shell. In a particular embodiment, the one or more stabilizing rods can engage bone in or around the acetabulum.
Continuing to block 1914, one or more bone screws can be installed around the perimeter of the acetabular shell. In particular, each bone screw can be installed through a screw engagement hole and can be engaged with bone around the acetabulum. At block 1916, any debris within the acetabular shell can be removed. Thereafter, at block 1918, a seal can be installed within the acetabular shell. Moreover, at block 1920, an apex plug can be installed through the seal and can be engaged with the acetabular shell. At block 1922, a liner can be installed within the seal.
Proceeding to block 1924, a femoral head can be engaged within the liner. For example, the femoral head can be installed within an interior cavity formed in the liner. The femoral head can be a natural femoral head or an artificial femoral head. At block 1926, the surgical area can be irrigated. Also, at block 1928, the retractor system can be removed. Further, at block 1930, the surgical wound can be closed. The surgical wound can be closed by simply allowing the patient's skin to close due to the elasticity of the skin. Alternatively, the surgical wound can be closed using sutures, surgical staples, or any other suitable surgical technique well known in the art. At block 1932, postoperative care can be initiated. The method can end at state 1934.
With the configuration of structure described above, the acetabular implant provides a device that can be used to treat a hip joint. For example, the acetabular implant can be installed within an acetabulum of a pelvis. Further, the seal within the acetabular implant can prevent debris from an UHMWPE liner within the acetabular implant from migrating through an acetabular shell in which the liner is installed. As such, the acetabular implant can substantially reduce osteolytic lesions around the acetabular implant due to UHMWPE debris. Additionally, the seal can substantially prevent bone screws inserted through the acetabular shell and into bone from backing out of the bone. The seal can also be used in conjunction with other implants designed to replace ball-and-socket joints. For example, the seal can be used in a shoulder implant having a first component, e.g., a cup-shaped component, designed to fit into a glenoid of a scapula, and a second component, e.g., a head, designed to fit into the first cup-shaped component. In such an application, the seal can substantially prevent debris from the second component from migrating through the first cup-shaped component.
Further, the shape of the acetabular shell, e.g., the shape of the screw engagement holes formed in the acetabular shell results in a relatively lower overall diameter of the acetabular implant. In other words, since each screw engagement hole does not completely surround a bone screw, but extends around the shoulders of the bone screw, extra material that would otherwise increase the overall diameter of the acetabular implant can be eliminated. The configuration of the screw engagement hole described herein can be incorporated in any implant device that can be fixed in place using one or more screws, e.g., an acetabular shell, a tibial base, a trauma plate, a cervical plate, a glenoid cup, etc.
The above-disclosed subject matter is to be considered illustrative, and not restrictive, and the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications, enhancements, and other embodiments that fall within the true spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, to the maximum extent allowed by law, the scope of the present invention is to be determined by the broadest permissible interpretation of the following claims and their equivalents, and shall not be restricted or limited by the foregoing detailed description.