This disclosure relates to orthotic devices and, more particularly, to an orthotic insert device.
There exists a variety of orthotic inserts, ranging from custom orthotic inserts prepared by medical practitioners to off-the-shelf varieties, such as foot pads, cushioning insoles and the like. Certain of these inserts may be geared more toward improving arch support, so that the arch undergoes fewer traumas or stress, especially during running or other physical activities. Other shoe inserts and orthotics may address long-term general comfort issues and focus on improving the cushioning of the associated shoe or athletic footwear, again, with the goal of reducing foot fatigue which may develop when the wearer is “on their feet” for extended periods of time. Still other inserts may focus on returning energy during running or walking, by providing a springiness or spring force, generally directed through the user's heel, with the thought that such energy return would improve speed or athletic performance. Prior art inserts often do not adequately factor in foot or heel anatomy or the associated dynamics.
The orthotic inserts of the current art suffer from various drawbacks and disadvantages. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved orthotic insert device to address disorders of the heel and hind-foot and their associated discomforts.
In one implementation, an orthotic insert is adapting to alleviate heel pain and includes two or more portions. The first portion is located and sized to underlie and elevate the heel, and has a corresponding first compression load deflection. The second portion is anterior to the first portion, and is located and sized to underlie the mid-foot. The second portion has a compression load deflection value greater than that of the first portion, which, in practical terms, means that the second portion deflects less readily than the first portion under comparable force. In this way, the first portion is less rigid than the second portion, and the insert thereby offloads vertical force from the heel toward the mid-foot during a person's gait.
In another variation, the first portion of the orthotic insert is configured to extend from the heel counter of a corresponding shoe in which the insert may be received, to a zone underlying the plantar surface of the foot just distal to the insertion of the plantar fascia on the medial tubercle of the calcaneus. The second portion extends from a zone underlying the plantar surface just distal of the insertion of the plantar fascia on the medial tubercle of the calcaneus, extending medially and laterally, substantially underlying the calcaneal cuboid joint, and tapering distally to a location proximal to the metatarsal heads.
In still further implementations, the first portion has a compression load deflection of 400 to 1000 pounds per square inch (psi), whereas the second portion anterior to the first portion has a compression load deflection of between 600 to 1,200 psi.
In still further implementations, an orthotic insert consists essentially of two zones of material. The first zone having compression load deflection of 400 to 1000 psi and the second zone having a compression load deflection of 600 to 1,200 psi. In yet another implementation, the two zones of different compression load deflection have opposing boundaries which slope to form a third transition zone, the third transition zone having a compression load deflection between the corresponding compression load deflections of the first and second zones.
The disclosure herein will be more readily understood with reference to the drawings, in which:
Referring to the drawings,
Time and force applied to the heel area are shortened and reduced, resulting in a decrease or elimination of discomfort associated with many disorders of the heel and hind-foot. Disorders which may be advantageously treated using this implementation of device 21 include, without limitation, the following: heel pain, plantar fasciitis, heel spur, bone contusion, hematoma, heel bursitis, chronic inflammation of the heel pad, Severs disease (calcaneal apophysitis), growth plate injury, post-traumatic pain, soft tissue injury, bone loss, puncture wound, tendonitis, achilles pathology, equinus, arthritis, enthesiopathy, and limb length discrepancy.
Portions 23 and 25, in this implementation, are advantageously sized and located relative to certain anatomical features of the foot, illustrated in
Mid-foot h extends distally or anteriorly from heel region j and includes therein the calcaneal cuboid joint, laterally, located approximately in the region indicated by e in
Referring now to
As seen in
Second portion 25 is generally arc-shaped in longitudinal cross-section, and has upper and lower surfaces 47, 41 (respectively), extending from a proximal edge 42 to a distal edge 45. Portion 25 has a proximal or posterior portion 39 which opposes and extends along corresponding distal surface 33 of portion 23, as seen in
Upper surface 47 may be configured to extend in arcs or slopes, having different radii of curvature or degrees, as appropriate, as it extends longitudinally from back to front. In this implementation, upper surface 47 curves upwardly as shown in
Upper surface 47 of portion 25 makes substantial contact with at least a substantial portion of the bony and soft tissue structure of the foot. Second portion 25 includes a transverse plane curvature 53 adapted to make substantial contact with longitudinal plane arch f. Portion 25 likewise includes a sagittal plane curvature 55 adapted to make substantial contact with a corresponding sagittal plane arch g of the foot.
Device 21, as illustrated herein, has been designed with reference to the left foot. The same principles described herein for the left foot and left insert would apply to a device for the right foot, in mirror image. Of course, device 21 may include suitable contouring or other features, and may likewise comprise a pair of orthotic inserts for the left and right foot.
In this implementation, portions 23, 25 are formed of suitable material to have a compression load deflection value for portion 23 which is less than that of portion 25. In other words, portion 25 is more rigid than portion 23, and thereby deflects less readily than first portion 23 under comparable force. Suitable compression load deflections for portion 23 may be selected from the range of 400 and 1,000 psi, and a suitable compression load deflection value for portion 25 may be selected to be greater than that of portion 23, and in the range of 600 to 1,200 psi, whereby the second portion is more rigid than the first portion.
In one preferred implementation, the operative elements of first portion 23 may be formed substantially of foam or rubber, whereas those of second portion 25 may be substantially a plastic or polymeric material, so that portion 25 is generally more rigid or resilient than portion 23. In other implementations, portions 23, 25 may be formed of the same materials processed to achieve the differing ranges of compression load deflection set out herein, as well as one or more foam or plastic materials, mixed, layered or otherwise blended.
In terms of durometer of portions 23, 25, using the 00 durometer measurement scale described in ASTM D2240, first portion 23 may have a durometer of about 70 to about 80, and second portion 25 has a durometer of about 90 to about 100, or alternatively, may have a still higher durometer. In relative terms, the durometer of portion 23 may be less than that associated with portion 25 by about 10 to about 30, or, alternatively, a still greater relative difference in durometer values.
The material or materials forming portions 23, 25 may include resiliently compressible materials. In one possible implementation, material or materials are formed from a thermoset process, whereby portion 25 is more resilient than portion 23. In one implementation, the thermoset material of portion 25 is selected so that portion 25 resists deflection beyond 7% in the range of anticipated uses of insert 21. Other materials are likewise suitable for either or both of portions 23, 25, including foam, plastic, thermoplastic elastomers, vulcanized or thermoset rubber, elastomeric materials, cellular materials, metal, wood, cellulose, paper, or still other non-foam or non-plastic materials, alone or in combination.
According to one alternative implementation, portions 23 and 25 are predominately formed of thermoset foam materials, with portion 25 being correspondingly more rigid, and formed into a dome shape, with a planar lower surface substantially coplanar with lower surface 31 of portion 23.
Whatever individual material or combinations of materials may be selected for given applications of the present disclosure, the resiliency and compression load deflection characteristics may be varied or tuned to the gait cycle of a particular wearer, average wearer, or class of wearers (for example, obese individuals, diabetics, men, women, children, and the like).
In the disclosed implementation, for example, upper surface 29 of portion 23, when in its unloaded state, is generally higher relative to upper surface 47 of portion 25. When device 21 is in use, and thus subject to weight of the wearer and forces of the gait cycle, the interplay of the differing resiliency or compression characteristics of the two portions 23, 25 may reduce pain and foster other therapeutic benefits as described herein. So, when a wearer is walking (or running, climbing, etc.), heel j either impacts the ground or is “pushing off” or propelling off the ground. During such gait phase or phases, the increased compressibility of portion 23 relative to portion 25 may result in upper surface 29 of portion 23 being compressed downwardly relative to the sole of the shoe, by the wearer's heel, such that it lies in a horizontal plane generally below at least apex region 49 of portion 25. Otherwise stated, during heel-strike phases of a person's gait cycle, the respective durometers of the first and second portions 23, 25 are selected to compress first portion 23 vertically more than second portion 25 to off-load heel-strike force toward the mid-foot. The relative compressibility (or its converse, rigidity) between portions 23, 25 is thus selected or tuned to “offload” force otherwise felt by the heel j toward mid-foot h.
The rates at which portions 23 and 25 compress relative to each other may also be tuned to correspond to the expected time heel j will be exposed to impact or propulsive force during the gait cycle. Otherwise stated, durometer selection for portions 23, 25 may factored into the timing of the wearer's gait cycle, either on average, by class, or for a particular person.
Portions 23, 25 are suitably secured to remain in position relative to each other, such as by suitably located adhesive effective for foam materials, by heat bonding or other fusing techniques, or by combining portions 23, 25 with integrating covers, tapes, or adhesive layers.
Still other materials are likewise suitable for implementing the features of this disclosure and the scope of this disclosure is not limited by those materials specifically mentioned above. It is likewise appreciated that material may be combined with other materials of varying compressibility and resiliency and that the durometer range may be tuned or otherwise varied to include different ranges for portions 23, 25 or more than just the two ranges discussed herein. Similarly, suitable fabric, edges, or coverings or materials may be either engineered into the materials disclosed herein or arranged so as to encapsulate or overlie portions 23, 25. Such additional features are likewise part of the present disclosure.
Furthermore, the durometer range of portions 23, 25 may be varied depending on the weight of the intended user. As such, it is possible that different durometer ranges may be appropriate for device 21 intended for obese individuals on the one hand, or those below average weight on the other. Similarly, different durometer ranges may be appropriate for devices 21 for men, women, or children. In some applications, the durometer of portion 23 may be selected to substantially equilibrate the heel of the intended wearer during walking, whereby device 21 assists in causing heel j to “float” during the heel strike and contact phases of a person's gait.
The size of orthotic insert device may be varied depending on the wearer's foot size, gender, and similar such factors. Arcuate surfaces, arches, depressions, and other shaped features and contouring may likewise be incorporated into device 21 described herein, without departing from the scope of coverage of this disclosure.
In one suitable implementation, insert 21 measures about 14.5 cm in length from the rearmost portion 57 of the proximal edge 24 to forward edge 45 of insert 21, with upper surface 29 of portion 23 extending about 6.3 cm of that length, and upper surface 47 of second portion 25 extending the balance of about 8.2 cm. Device 21 has an average width of about 7 cm. In addition to varying the dimensions of device 21 to accommodate different foot sizes, it will be appreciated that the overall outer dimensions of device 21 will be contoured and otherwise configured for insertion into a wearer's shoe, and so the overall length and width given herein may be varied depending on the amount of contouring appropriate for the intended application.
Portion 23 may have a thickness of about 1.5 cm at rear 57 of edge 24, with upper surface 29 of portion 23 sloping gradually relative to lower surface 31 so that the relative distance between upper and lower surfaces 29, 31 is about 1.2 to 1.3 cm when measured near apex 49. Arcuate surface 33, in this implementation, forms a boundary between portions 23, 25, extending over a linear distance of about 5 cm and having a radius of curvature of about 6.5 cm.
Portion 25 has a thickness of about 1.2 to 1.3 cm at apex region 49, tapering distally through a pair of arcuate regions 46 and 48 having respective radii of curvature of about 16 cm and 13 cm, respectively. Apex region 49 extends longitudinally over a distance of about 1 cm.
In the implementation discussed herein, orthotic insert 21 consists essentially of two zones of material. A first zone located and sized to underlie the fat pad of heel j and having a corresponding compression load of 400 to 1,000 psi, and a second zone, anterior to the first zone and located and sized to underlie mid-foot h, the second zone having a compression load deflection value which is higher than that of the first zone, selected, for example, from the range of 600 and 1,200 psi. In practical terms, this means that the second portion deflects less readily than the first portion under comparable force. In this way, insert 21, through a relatively simple construction, includes designs and features to offload vertical force experienced by heel j to mid-foot h during a person's gait. The first and second zones formed by portions 23, 25, respectively, have an opposing boundary along arcuate surface 33, as discussed previously, and the differing rigidities between portions 23, 25 thereby form a transition zone 61 between the two rigidities designed into portions 23, 25. As such, this transition zone has a corresponding compression load deflection between that of the zone underlying heel j and that associated with portion 25 at apex region 49. In some applications, transition zone 61 may improve wearer comfort while still permitting offloading of vertical force from heel j toward mid-foot h.
Having described the structures and features of insert 21, its use and advantages are readily apparent. A pair of inserts 21 is placed in a corresponding pair of shoes, lower surface 52 of device 21 being generally placed to oppose the shoe insole, and upper surface 51 positioned to underlie the heel and mid-foot of the wearer. During walking, especially during heel strike and contact phase of a person's gait, the disclosed insert not only decreases the force felt on the heel, but also offloads such force, rapidly transferring the force and corresponding weight to the middle part of the foot, especially during the impact or propulsive phases of the gait. By offloading the heel and transferring the weight to the mid-foot, force becomes dissipated over a much larger plantar surface area, decreasing felt impact on the heel and shortening the time the force is affecting the foot.
Among the advantages of the foregoing, decreasing the felt impact and transferring forces to the larger surface area of the foot and mid-foot generally decreases or eliminates associated discomfort with a variety of disorders of the heel and hind-foot, such as those listed earlier in this disclosure.
While one or more particular implementations have been set out in this disclosure, it will be appreciated that various alternatives to the disclosed structure are likewise contemplated and within the scope of this disclosure. For example, although the illustrated implementation makes use of just two pieces, it will be appreciated that further portions of varying materials or durometer may likewise be included. While the forward edge of the device terminates proximal to metatarsal heads, there may be applications where a full insert may be suitable. It is also contemplated that instead of two separate portions, insert 21 may be formed from a single, integral piece formed of one or more materials with varying durometers, whether horizontally, vertically, laterally, or longitudinally, located at the zones and locations of the heel and mid-foot in accordance with this disclosure.
Still further variations are contemplated by the disclosure herein, which should be understood to extend to the boundaries of the appended claims and equivalents thereto.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 13965672 | Aug 2013 | US |
Child | 15678869 | US |