Patent Grant
9909784
This application claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-189804 filed with the Japan Patent Office on Sep. 18, 2014, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
1. Technical Field
This disclosure relates to an outdoor unit of an air conditioner and an air conditioner.
2. Description of the Related Art
A conventional multi-chamber air conditioner includes, for example, at least one outdoor unit, a plurality of indoor units, and a refrigerant pipe that couples these members together. As this multi-chamber air conditioner, for example, there is known the air conditioner described in Japanese Patent No. 5463995 and the air conditioner described in JP-A-2005-337659. In the former air conditioner, all the indoor units perform cooling operation or heating operation. The latter air conditioner can perform what is called cooling/heating-free operation in which each indoor unit can selectively perform cooling operation and heating operation.
In the air conditioner disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5463995, a plurality of outdoor units and a plurality of indoor units are coupled to one another by liquid pipes and gas pipes. All the indoor units perform any one of cooling operation and heating operation. On the other hand, in the air conditioner disclosed in JP-A-2005-337659, an outdoor unit, a plurality of indoor units, and the identical count of branching units to that of the indoor units are coupled to one another by liquid pipes, high-pressure gas pipes, and low-pressure gas pipes. Each indoor unit can selectively perform cooling operation or heating operation. In the following description, the air conditioner that includes a liquid pipe and a gas pipe as refrigerant pipes for coupling an outdoor unit and an indoor unit together is referred to as a double-pipe air conditioner. The air conditioner that includes a liquid pipe, a high-pressure gas pipe, and a low-pressure gas pipe as refrigerant pipes for coupling an outdoor unit and an indoor unit together is referred to as a triple-pipe air conditioner.
Now, the double-pipe air conditioner and the triple-pipe air conditioner differ in structure from each other. Specifically, the double-pipe air conditioner includes two pipes of the liquid pipe and the gas pipe as the refrigerant pipes for coupling the outdoor unit and the indoor unit together. Accordingly, the outdoor unit internally includes an outdoor-unit liquid pipe, which couples the liquid pipe and an outdoor heat exchanger together, and an outdoor-unit gas pipe, which couples the gas pipe and a four-way valve together.
On the other hand, the triple-pipe air conditioner includes three pipes of the liquid pipe, the high-pressure gas pipe, and the low-pressure gas pipe as the refrigerant pipes for coupling the outdoor unit, the indoor unit, and the branching unit to one another. Accordingly, the outdoor unit internally includes an outdoor-unit liquid pipe, an outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe, and an outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe. The outdoor-unit liquid pipe couples the liquid pipe and the outdoor heat exchanger together. The outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe couples a discharge pipe, which is coupled to a discharge side of a compressor, and the high-pressure gas pipe together. The outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe couples an intake pipe, which is coupled to an intake side of the compressor, and the low-pressure gas pipe together. As just described, in the triple-pipe air conditioner, a refrigerant circuit is formed by coupling the outdoor unit to the indoor unit and the branching unit using the three refrigerant pipes. On the other hand, in the double-pipe air conditioner, a refrigerant circuit s formed by coupling the outdoor unit to the indoor unit using the two refrigerant pipes. Accordingly, it is difficult to use the outdoor unit of the triple-pipe air conditioner as the outdoor unit of the double-pipe air conditioner.
Regarding the use of the outdoor unit of the triple-pipe air conditioner as the outdoor unit of the double-pipe air conditioner, for example, the following configuration is possible. That is, the outdoor unit includes the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve. The second four-way valve couples to the gas pipe, the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe, and the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe. It is possible to switch the second four-way valve so as to selectively couple any of the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe and the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe to the gas pipe. Switching the second four-way valve allows guiding the low-pressure refrigerant that flows in from the gas pipe during cooling operation into the outdoor unit or allows the high-pressure refrigerant that is discharged from the compressor during heating operation to flow out from the outdoor unit to the gas pipe. Accordingly, the outdoor unit of the triple-pipe air conditioner can be used as the outdoor unit of the double-pipe air conditioner.
An outdoor unit of an air conditioner coupled to an indoor unit by a liquid pipe and a gas pipe, includes: a compressor; an outdoor heat exchanger; a discharge pipe coupled to a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor; an intake pipe coupled to a refrigerant intake side of the compressor; an outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe coupled to the discharge pipe; an outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe coupled to the intake pipe; an outdoor-unit liquid pipe that couples the first refrigerant entry/exit opening of the outdoor heat exchanger and the liquid pipe together; a bypass pipe coupled to the outdoor-unit liquid pipe; the first flow-passage switcher coupled to the second refrigerant entry/exit opening of the outdoor heat exchanger, the discharge pipe, the intake pipe, and the bypass pipe; and the second flow-passage switcher coupled to the gas pipe, the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe, and the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe.
In the following detailed description, for purpose of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. It will be apparent, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are schematically shown in order to simplify the drawing.
In the case where the count of indoor units coupled to one outdoor unit is large, or in the case where the rating capacity per indoor unit to be coupled is large, one outdoor unit might not be able to cover the operation capacity required by all the indoor units. In this case, the count of outdoor units is increased to plural outdoor units. Corresponding to the operation capacity required by the indoor units, the count of operating outdoor units is increased.
In the above-described double-pipe air conditioner that employs the outdoor unit of the triple-pipe air conditioner with the second four-way valve, a plurality of outdoor units might be provided due to the above-described reason. In the case where there is an outdoor unit that is stopped during heating operation of this air conditioner, the following problem might occur.
Usually, in the outdoor unit of the triple-pipe air conditioner, respective three coupling ports out of four coupling ports of the first four-way valve couple to the discharge pipe, the refrigerant pipe coupled to the outdoor heat exchanger, and the intake pipe. The remaining coupling port couples to the refrigerant pipe that includes a decompressor and is coupled to the intake pipe. Respective three coupling ports out of four coupling ports of the second four-way valve couple to the gas pipe, the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe, and the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe. The remaining coupling port couples to the refrigerant pipe that includes a decompressor and is coupled to the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe.
When the above-described air conditioner performs heating operation, the first four-way valve of each outdoor unit can be switched such that the refrigerant pipe coupled to the outdoor heat exchanger and the intake pipe communicate with each other. The second four-way valve is switched such that the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe and the gas pipe communicate with each other. The switching state of each four-way valve described above is maintained in the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve in the outdoor unit that is stopped during heating operation.
During the heating operation described above, a part of the refrigerant discharged from the operating outdoor unit flows in the stopped outdoor unit via the gas pipe. The refrigerant that has flowed in the stopped outdoor unit flows in the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe via the second four-way valve and then flows in the discharge pipe from the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe. The refrigerant that has flowed in the discharge pipe flows in the refrigerant pipe, the intake pipe, and the outdoor heat exchanger via the first four-way valve. In the stopped outdoor unit, an outdoor expansion valve, which is provided at the outdoor-unit liquid pipe and adjusts the refrigerant flow rate in the outdoor heat exchanger, is fully closed. Accordingly, the refrigerant that has flowed in the outdoor heat exchanger does not flow out to the liquid pipe via the outdoor-unit liquid pipe. Thus, the refrigerant accumulates in the stopped outdoor unit.
As just described, continuing the heating operation in a state where there is a stopped outdoor unit causes an increase in amount of the refrigerant that accumulates in the outdoor heat exchanger of the stopped outdoor unit. As a result, this might cause a lack of the amount of the refrigerant that circulates between the operating outdoor unit and the indoor unit where the heating operation is performed.
One object according to the embodiment of this disclosure to reduce accumulation of refrigerant in a stopped outdoor unit in the case where a plurality of outdoor units of a triple-pipe air conditioner that can be used for a double-pipe air conditioner is used.
An outdoor unit of an air conditioner coupled to an indoor unit by a liquid pipe and a gas pipe according to an embodiment of this disclosure, includes: a compressor; an outdoor heat exchanger; a discharge pipe coupled to a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor; an intake pipe coupled to a refrigerant intake side of the compressor; an outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe coupled to the discharge pipe; an outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe coupled to the intake pipe; an outdoor-unit liquid pipe that couples the first refrigerant entry/exit opening of the outdoor heat exchanger and the liquid pipe together; a bypass pipe coupled to the outdoor-unit liquid pipe; the first flow-passage switcher coupled to the second refrigerant entry/exit opening of the outdoor heat exchanger, the discharge pipe, the intake pipe, and the bypass pipe; and the second flow-passage switcher coupled to the gas pipe, the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe, and the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe.
Moreover, the above described outdoor unit may include a valve (a solenoid valve or a check valve, for example) provided at the bypass pipe, the valve being for causing passage of a refrigerant from the first flow-passage switcher while cutting off a refrigerant toward the first flow-passage switcher.
Furthermore, the above described outdoor unit may include, during heating operation, the first flow-passage switcher coupling the second refrigerant entry/exit opening of the outdoor heat exchanger and the intake pipe together, and coupling the discharge pipe and the bypass pipe together, and the second flow-passage switcher coupling the gas pipe and the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe together.
The outdoor unit of the air conditioner described above can reduce accumulation of the refrigerant in the stopped outdoor an even in the case where a plurality of outdoor units of the triple-pipe air conditioner is used as the outdoor unit of the double-pipe air conditioner.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of this disclosure will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings. In the following air conditioner as one example of the embodiment, two outdoor units couple to four indoor units in parallel using two refrigerant pipes of a liquid pipe and a gas pipe. Furthermore, all the indoor units perform cooling operation or heating operation. Here, these two outdoor units are each an outdoor unit including the second four-way valve described later and used in a triple-pipe air conditioner that includes a high-pressure gas pipe, a low-pressure gas pipe, and a liquid pipe. These two outdoor units can be used as the outdoor units of a double-pipe air conditioner. This disclosure is not limited to the following embodiment. Various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of this disclosure.
As illustrated in
Firstly, the two outdoor units 2a and 2b will be described. The two outdoor units 2a and 2b respectively include compressors 21a and 21b, the first four-way valves 22a and 22b as the first flow-passage switchers, the second four-way valves 26a and 26b as the second flow-passage switchers, outdoor heat exchangers 23a and 23b, outdoor expansion valves 24a and 24b, closing valves 81a and 81b, closing valves 82a and 82b, and outdoor fans 25a and 25b, The closing valves 81a and 81b couple to the one ends of the liquid pipes 8. The closing valves 82a and 82b couple to the one ends of the gas pipes 9. These respective devices except the outdoor fans 25a and 25b and the respective refrigerant pipes, which couple these devices to one another, described in detail later constitute outdoor-unit refrigerant circuits 20a and 20b, which constitute a part of the refrigerant circuit 100.
Here, the outdoor units 2a and 2b have the identical configuration. Accordingly, in the following description, the configuration of the outdoor unit 2a will be described. On the other hand, the description of the outdoor unit 2b is omitted. In
The compressor 21a is a capacity-variable compressor. That is, the operation capacity of the compressor 21a can be varied by being driven by a motor (not illustrated) whose rotational speed is controlled by an inverter. The refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 21a couples to one end of the discharge pipe 41a, The other end of the discharge pipe 41a is branched into an outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe 43a and a discharge branch pipe 44a. That is, the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe 43a couples to the discharge pipe 41a. The outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe 43a couples to a port e of the second four-way valve 26a described later. The discharge branch pipe 44a couples to a port a of the first four-way valve 22a described later. That is, the discharge pipe 41a couples to the port a via the discharge branch pipe 44a.
The refrigerant intake side of the compressor 21a couples to one end of an intake pipe 42a. The other end of the intake pipe 42a is branched into an outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe 48a and an intake branch pipe 49a. That is, the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe 48a couples to the intake pipe 42a. The outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe 48a couples to a port g of the second four-way valve 26a described later. The intake branch pipe 49a couples to a port c of the first four-way valve 22a described later. That is, the intake pipe 42a couples to the port c via the intake branch pipe 49a.
The first four-way valve 22a and the second four-way valve 26a are valves for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant. The first four-way valve 22a has four ports a, b, c, and d. The second four-way valve 26a has four ports e, f, g, and h. In the first four-way valve 22a, the port a couples to the discharge branch pipe 44a as described above. The port b is coupled to one refrigerant entry/exit opening (the second refrigerant entry/exit opening) of the outdoor heat exchanger 23a by the first coupling pipe 45a. The port c couples to the intake branch pipe 49a as described above. The port d couples to one end of a bypass pipe 40a, which includes a capillary tube 27a and a check valve 28a. The other end of the bypass pipe 40a couples to an outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a described later. Accordingly, the port d couples to the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a via the bypass pipe 40a. This check valve 28a regulates the flow of the refrigerant to flow from the first four-way valve 22a to the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a. That is, this check valve 28 is the valve that is included in the bypass pipe 40a to cause passage of the refrigerant from the first four-way valve 22a while cutting off the refrigerant toward the first four-way valve 22a. Switching the first four-way valve 22a allows the high-pressure refrigerant that is discharged from the compressor 21a and flows through the discharge pipe 41a during cooling operation to flow to the first coupling pipe 45a, and allows the low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed in from the first coupling pipe 45a during heating operation to flow to the intake branch pipe 49a. In this embodiment, these bypass pipe 40a and check valve 28a are provided in the outdoor unit 2a.
In the second four-way valve 26a, the port e couples to the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe 43a as described above. The port f couples to the gas pipe 9 via the closing valve 82a and the second coupling pipe 47a. The port g couples to the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe 48a as described above. The port h couples to a branch pipe of the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe 48a. This branch pipe includes a capillary tube 29a, and couples the port h and the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe 48a together. Switching the second four-way valve 26a allows the low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed in from the gas pipe 9 during cooling operation to flow to the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe 48a, and allows the high-pressure refrigerant that flowed in from the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe 43a during heating operation to the gas pipe 9.
The outdoor heat exchanger 23a performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and the ambient air, which is taken in the inside of the outdoor unit 2a by rotation of the outdoor fan 25a described later. One refrigerant entry/exit opening of the outdoor heat exchanger 23a is, as described above, coupled to the port b of the first four-way valve 22a by the first coupling pipe 45a. The other refrigerant entry/exit opening (the first refrigerant entry/exit opening) of the outdoor heat exchanger 23a couples to one end of the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a. Here, the other end of the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a couples to the closing valve 81a. That is, the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a couples the other refrigerant entry/exit opening of the outdoor heat exchanger 23a and the liquid pipe 8 together.
The outdoor expansion valve 24a is provided at the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a. Adjustment of the degree of opening of the outdoor expansion valve 24a causes adjustment of: the refrigerant amount flowing in the outdoor heat exchanger 23a; or the refrigerant amount flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 23a. This outdoor expansion valve 24a is configured to close (for example, be fully closed) when the outdoor unit 2a is stopped. One end of the bypass pipe 40a described above is coupled between the outdoor expansion valve 24a of the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a and the closing valve 81a.
The outdoor fan 25a is formed of a resin material, and is disposed in the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23a. The outdoor fan 25a is rotated by a fan motor (not illustrated). Rotation of the outdoor fan 25a takes in the ambient air to the inside of the outdoor unit 2a from an inlet (not illustrated) and discharges the ambient air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 23a to the outside of the outdoor unit 2a from an outlet (not illustrated).
Other than the configuration described above, the outdoor unit 2a is provided with various sensors. The discharge pipe 41a is provided with a high-pressure sensor 31a and a discharge-temperature sensor 33a. The high-pressure sensor 31a detects the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21a. The discharge-temperature sensor 33a detects the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21a. The intake pipe 42a is provided with a low-pressure sensor 32a and an intake-temperature sensor 34a. The low-pressure sensor 32a detects the pressure of the refrigerant suctioned into the compressor 21a. The intake-temperature sensor 34a detects the temperature of the refrigerant suctioned into the compressor 21a.
The first coupling pipe 45a is provided with the first heat-exchanger-temperature sensor 35a. The first heat-exchanger-temperature sensor 35a detects the temperature of: the refrigerant flowing in the outdoor heat exchanger 23a; or the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 23a. The outdoor heat exchanger 23a is provided with the second heat-exchanger-temperature sensor 36a. The second heat-exchanger-temperature sensor 36a detects the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the middle of the outdoor heat exchanger 23a. In the vicinity of an inlet (not illustrated) of the outdoor unit 2a, an ambient-air-temperature sensor 37a is provided. The ambient-air-temperature sensor 37a detects the temperature of the ambient air flowing into the outdoor unit 2a, that is, the ambient air temperature. Between the outdoor expansion valve 24a and the closing valve 81a in the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a, an intermediate-pressure sensor 38a and a refrigerant temperature sensor 39a are provided. The intermediate-pressure sensor 38a detects the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a. The refrigerant temperature sensor 39a detects the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a.
The outdoor unit 2a includes an outdoor-unit controller 200a. The outdoor-unit controller 200a is mounted on a control board stored in an electrical equipment box (not illustrated) of the outdoor unit 2a. As illustrated in the main part enlarged views in
The storage unit 220a includes a ROM and/or a RAM. The storage unit 220a stores, for example, the control program for the outdoor unit 2a, the detected values corresponding to the detection signals from various sensors, and the controlled conditions of the compressor 21a and/or the outdoor fan 25a. The communication unit 230a is an interface to communicate with the indoor units 5a to 5d.
The CPU 210a takes in the detection results of the respective sensors in the outdoor unit 2a described above. The CPU 210a takes in the control signals transmitted from the indoor units 5a to 5d via the communication unit 230a. The CPU 210a controls the driving of the compressor 21a and the outdoor fan 25a based on the detection result and/or the control signal taken in. The CPU 210a controls switching of the first four-way valve 22a and the second four-way valve 26a based on the detection result and/or the control signal taken in. Additionally, the CPU 210a controls the degree of opening of the outdoor expansion valve 24a based on the detection result and/or the control signal taken in.
The following describes the four indoor units 5a to 5d. The four indoor units 5a to 5d respectively include indoor heat exchangers 51a to 51d, indoor expansion valves 52a to 52d, the liquid-pipe coupling portions 53a to 53d, the gas-pipe coupling portion 54a to 54d, and indoor fans 55a to 55d. The liquid-pipe coupling portions 53a to 53d couple to the other ends of the branched liquid pipes 8. The gas-pipe coupling portions 54a to 54d couple to the other ends of the branched gas pipes 9. These devices except the indoor fans 55a to 55d and the respective refrigerant pipes, which couple these devices to one another, described in detail later constitute indoor-unit refrigerant circuits 50a to 50d, which constitute a part of the refrigerant circuit 100.
Here, the indoor units 5a to 5d have the identical configuration. Accordingly, in the following description, the configuration of the indoor unit 5a will be described. On the other hand, the descriptions of the other indoor units 5b to 5d are omitted. In
The indoor heat exchanger 51a performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and the indoor air taken into the indoor unit 5a from a suction opening (not illustrated) by rotation of the indoor fan 55a described later. One refrigerant entry/exit opening of the indoor heat exchanger 51a is coupled to the liquid-pipe coupling portion 53a by an indoor-unit quid pipe 71a. The other refrigerant entry/exit opening of the indoor heat exchanger 51a is coupled to the gas-pipe coupling portion 54a by an indoor-unit gas pipe 72a. The indoor heat exchanger 51a functions as an evaporator in the case where the indoor unit 5a performs cooling operation. On the other hand, the indoor heat exchanger 51a functions as a condenser in the case where the indoor unit 5a performs heating operation.
Here, respective refrigerant pipes are coupled to the liquid-pipe coupling portion 53a and the gas-pipe coupling portion 54a by welding, flare nuts, or similar method.
The indoor expansion valve 52a is provided at the indoor-unit liquid pipe 71a. Adjustment of the degree of opening of the indoor expansion valve 52a causes adjustment of: the refrigerant amount flowing in the indoor heat exchanger 51a; or the refrigerant amount flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 51a. The degree of opening of the indoor expansion valve 52a is adjusted corresponding to the required cooling capacity in the case where the indoor heat exchanger 51a functions as an evaporator. On the other hand, in the case where the indoor heat exchanger 51a functions as a condenser, the degree of opening of the indoor expansion valve 52a is adjusted corresponding to the required heating capacity.
The indoor fan 55a is formed of a resin material, and is disposed in the vicinity of the indoor heat exchanger 51a. The indoor fan 55a is rotated by a fan motor (not illustrated). Rotation of the indoor fan 55a takes in the indoor air to the inside of the indoor unit 5a from a suction opening (not illustrated) and supplies the indoor air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 51a to indoor from an outlet (not illustrated).
Other than the configuration described above, the indoor unit 5a is provided with various sensors. The indoor-unit liquid pipe 71a is provided with a liquid-side temperature sensor 61a between the indoor heat exchanger 51a and the indoor expansion valve 52a. The liquid-side temperature sensor 61a detects the temperature of: the refrigerant flowing in the indoor heat exchanger 51a; or the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 51a. The indoor-unit gas pipe 72a is provided with a gas-side temperature sensor 62a. The gas-side temperature sensor 62a detects the temperature of: the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 51a; or the refrigerant flowing in the indoor heat exchanger 51a. In the vicinity of a suction opening (not illustrated) of the indoor unit 5a, an indoor-temperature sensor 63a is provided. The indoor-temperature sensor 63a detects the temperature of the indoor air flowing into the indoor unit 5a, that is, an indoor temperature.
Here, as described above, the outdoor units 2a and 2b are originally used in a triple-pipe air conditioner. In the original configuration, as illustrated by the dotted lines in
The following describes the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 100 and the operations of the respective portions during operation of the air conditioner 1 according to this embodiment, using
The following describes the operations of the air conditioner 1 during the respective operations in the order corresponding to the cooling operation and the heating operation, using
<Cooling Operation>
Firstly, a description will be given of the operation of the air conditioner 1 during cooling operation using
When the refrigerant circuit 100 is in the above-described state, the high-pressure refrigerants, which are compressed by the respective compressors 21a and 21b inside the outdoor units 2a and 2b and discharged from these units, flow through the discharge pipes 41a and 41b and flow in the first four-way valves 22a and 22b via the discharge branch pipes 44a and 44b. Furthermore, these refrigerants flow in the outdoor heat exchangers 23a and 23b from the first four-way valves 22a and 22b via the first coupling pipes 45a and 45b. The refrigerants that have flowed in the outdoor heat exchangers 23a and 23b are condensed by heat exchange with the ambient air taken into the outdoor units 2a and 2b by rotations of the outdoor fans 25a and 25b. The high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchangers 23a and 23b flow through the outdoor-unit liquid pipes 46a and 46b and pass through the outdoor expansion valves 24a and 24b that are fully opened. Then, these refrigerants flow in the liquid pipes 8 via the closing valves 81a and 81b.
The refrigerants flowing through the liquid pipes 8 branch and flow in the respective indoor units 5a to 5d via the liquid-pipe coupling portions 53a to 53d. Then, these high-pressure refrigerants flow through the indoor-unit liquid pipes 71a to 71d, and are decompressed when passing through the indoor expansion valves 52a to 52d so as to be low-pressure refrigerants. These low-pressure refrigerants flow in the indoor heat exchangers 51a to 51d via the indoor-unit liquid pipes 71a to 71d. Then, these low-pressure refrigerants are evaporated by heat exchange with the indoor air taken into the indoor units 5a to 5d by rotations of the indoor fans 55a to 55d in the indoor heat exchangers 51a to 51d. As just described, functioning of the indoor heat exchangers 51a to 51d as evaporators ensures air cooling inside the room where the indoor units 5a to 5d are installed.
The low-pressure refrigerants that have flowed out of the indoor heat exchangers 51a to 51d flow through the indoor-unit gas pipes 72a to 72d and flow in the gas pipes 9 via the gas-pipe coupling portions 54a to 54d. These low-pressure refrigerants flow through the gas pipes 9 and flow in the respective outdoor units 2a and 2b via the closing valves 82a and 82b. Furthermore, these low-pressure refrigerants flow in the second four-way valves 26a and 26b via the second coupling pipes 47a and 47b. Furthermore, these low-pressure refrigerants flow in the intake pipes 42a and 42b from the second four-way valves 26a and 26b via the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipes 48a and 48b and are suctioned into the compressors 21a and 21b so as to be compressed again.
As described above, circulation of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 100 ensures the cooling operation of the air conditioner 1. At this time, the first four-way valves 22a and 22b cause flows of the high-pressure refrigerants discharged from the compressors 21a and 21b. On the other hand, the second four-way valves 26a and 26b cause flows of the low-pressure refrigerants suctioned into the compressors 21a and 21b.
The following describes the operations of the air conditioner 1 in the heating operation. Using
<Heating Operation 1>
Firstly, a description will be given of the operation of the air conditioner 1 in the case (heating operation 1) where all the four indoor units 5a to 5d operate and all the two outdoor units 2a and 2b operate, using
When the refrigerant circuit 100 is in the above-described state, the high-pressure refrigerants, which are compressed by the respective compressors 21a and 21b inside the outdoor units 2a and 2b and discharged from these units, flow through the discharge pipes 41a and 41b and flow in the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipes 43a and 43b. The refrigerants that have flowed in the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipes 43a and 43b flow in the second four-way valves 26a and 26b, and flow in the second coupling pipes 47a and 47b via the second four-way valves 26a and 26b.
The high-pressure refrigerants that have flowed in the second coupling pipes 47a and 47b flow in the gas pipes 9 via the closing valves 82a and 82b. The refrigerants flowing through the gas pipes 9 branch and flow in the respective indoor units 5a to 5d via the gas-pipe coupling portions 54a to 54d. The refrigerants that have flowed in the respective indoor units 5a to 5d flow through the indoor-unit gas pipes 72a to 72d and flow in the indoor heat exchangers 51a to 51d. These refrigerants are condensed by heat exchange with the indoor air taken into the indoor units 5a to 5d by rotations of the indoor fans 55a to 55d in the indoor heat exchangers 51a to 51d. As just described, functioning of the indoor heat exchangers 51a to 51d as condensers ensures air heating inside the room where the indoor units 5a to 5d are installed.
The high-pressure refrigerants that have flowed out of the indoor heat exchangers 51a to 51d flow through the indoor-unit liquid pipes 71a to 71d and pass through the indoor expansion valves 52a to 52d so as to be decompressed. The decompressed refrigerants flow in the liquid pipes 8 via the liquid-pipe coupling portions 53a to 53d. The refrigerants flowing through the liquid pipes 8 flow in the outdoor-unit liquid pipes 46a and 46b of the respective outdoor units 2a and 2b via the closing valves 81a and 81b.
The refrigerants that have flowed in the outdoor-unit liquid pipes 46a and 46b are further decompressed when passing through the outdoor expansion valves 24a and 24b, so as to be low-pressure refrigerants. These low-pressure refrigerants flow in the outdoor heat exchangers 23a and 23b via the outdoor-unit liquid pipes 46a and 46b. Then, these low-pressure refrigerants are evaporated by heat exchange with the ambient taken into the outdoor units 2a and 2b by rotations of the outdoor fans 25a and 25b in the outdoor heat exchangers 23a and 23b. The low-pressure refrigerants that have flowed out of the outdoor heat exchangers 23a and 23b flow through the first coupling pipes 45a and 45b, the first four-way valves 22a and 22b, and the intake branch pipes 49a and 49b in this order, and then flow in the intake pipes 42a and 42b, Then, the low-pressure refrigerants that have flowed in the intake pipes 42a and 42b are suctioned into the compressors 21a and 21b so as to be compressed again.
As described above, circulation of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 100 ensures the heating operation of the air conditioner 1. At this time, the second four-way valves 26a and 26b cause flows of the high-pressure refrigerants discharged from the compressors 21a and 21b. On the other hand, the first four-way valves 22a and 22b cause flows of the low-pressure refrigerants suctioned into the compressors 21a and 21b.
<Heating Operation 2>
Next, a description will be given of the case (heating operation 2) where two indoor units perform heating operations, two indoor units are stopped, one outdoor unit operates, and one outdoor unit is stopped. Here, a description will be given of an example of the transition from the case of above-described heating operation 1, that is, the case where the four indoor units 5a to 5d perform heating operations and the two outdoor units 2a and 2b operate to the case where, as illustrated in
The first four-way valve 22a and the second four-way valve 26a in the operating outdoor unit 2a are in the states identical to the states when heating operation 1 is performed. On the other hand, in the stopped outdoor unit 2b, the compressor 21b and the outdoor fan 25b are stopped and the outdoor expansion valve 24b is fully closed. On the other hand, the first four-way valve 22b and the second four-way valve 26b in the outdoor unit 2b are maintained in the states when heating operation 1 is performed. That is, the first four-way valves 22a and 22b are switched to cause the state illustrated by the solid lines in
When the refrigerant circuit 100 is in the above-described state, the high-pressure refrigerant, which is compressed by the compressor 21a inside the operating outdoor unit 2a and discharged from this unit, flows through the discharge pipe 41a and flows in the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe 43a. The refrigerant that has flowed in the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe 43a flows in the second four-way valve 26a, and flows in the second coupling pipe 47a from the second four-way valve 26a.
The high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed in the second coupling pipe 47a flows in the gas pipe 9 via the closing valve 82a, and branches. The branched high-pressure refrigerants flow in the operating indoor units 5a and 5b via the gas-pipe coupling portions 54a and 54b, and flow in the stopped outdoor unit 2b via the closing valve 82b.
The high-pressure refrigerants that have flowed in the indoor units 5a and 5b flow through the indoor-unit gas pipes 72a and 72b and flow in the indoor heat exchangers 51a and 51b. These refrigerants are condensed by heat exchange with the indoor air taken into the indoor units 5a and 5b by rotations of the indoor fans 55a and 55b in the indoor heat exchangers 51a and 51b. As just described, functioning of the indoor heat exchangers 51a and 51b as condensers ensures air heating inside the room where the indoor units 5a and 5b are installed.
The high-pressure refrigerants that have flowed out of the indoor heat exchangers 51a and 51b flow through the indoor-unit liquid pipes 71a and 71b and pass through the indoor expansion valves 52a and 52b so as to be decompressed. The decompressed refrigerants flow in the liquid pipes 8 via the liquid-pipe coupling portions 53a and 53b. The refrigerants that have flowed through the liquid pipes 8 flow in the outdoor unit 2a via the closing valve 81a of the outdoor unit 2a, and flow in the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a.
On the other hand, the high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed in the outdoor unit 2b flows in the second four-way valve 26b via the second coupling pipe 47b. The high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed in the second four-way valve 26b flows in the discharge pipe 41b via the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe 43b. The high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed in the discharge pipe 41b flows in the first four-way valve 22b and flows in the bypass pipe 40b from the first four-way valve 22b. The high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed in the bypass pipe 40b is decompressed by a capillary tube 27b, passes through the check valve 28b, and then flows in the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46b. The refrigerant that has flowed in the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46b flows in the liquid pipe 8 via the closing valve 81b. The refrigerant that has flowed in the liquid pipe 8 flows in the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a via the closing valve 81a of the outdoor unit 2a.
The refrigerant that has flowed in the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a is further decompressed when passing through the outdoor expansion valve 24a so as to be a low-pressure refrigerant. The refrigerant that has flowed in the outdoor heat exchanger 23a via the outdoor-unit liquid pipe 46a is evaporated by heat exchange with the ambient air taken into the outdoor unit 2a by rotation of the outdoor fan 25a. The low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 23a flows through the first coupling pipe 45a, the first four-way valve 22a, and the intake branch pipe 49a in this order, and then flows in the intake pipe 42a. Then, the low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed in the intake pipe 42a is suctioned into the compressor 21a so as to be compressed again.
The following describes the effects provided by the respective check valves 28a and 28b included in the bypass pipes 40a and 40b. The check valves 28a and b are disposed to regulate the flows of the refrigerants from the closing valves 81a and 81b toward the first four-way valves 22a and 22b. For example, in the case where the indoor units 5c and 5d are stopped when the refrigerant circuit 100 illustrated in
In this embodiment, the bypass pipes 40a and 40b are provided with the check valves 28a and 28b. Instead, a solenoid valve such as a solenoid opening/closing valve and an electronic expansion valve may be provided. In this case, the outdoor-unit controllers 200a and 200b control the solenoid valves so that the solenoid valves are opened when the outdoor unit that the solenoid valves are disposed thereof is stopped during the heating operation, and are otherwise closed.
As described above, the air conditioner according to one embodiment of this disclosure includes the plurality of outdoor units of the triple-pipe air conditioner while the outdoor units can be used as outdoor units of the double-pipe air. conditioner. When at least one outdoor unit is stopped, a refrigerant might flow in the stopped outdoor unit from the gas pipe or the liquid pipe. In this case, during heating operation, it is possible to cause the refrigerant that has flowed in the outdoor unit from the gas pipe to flow out to the liquid pipe via the bypass pipe. During cooling operation, the refrigerant that has flowed in the outdoor unit from the liquid pipe flows to the bypass pipe but the flow of this refrigerant is blocked by the check valve. This prevents or inhibits the refrigerant from accumulating in the stopped outdoor unit.
The air conditioner according to one embodiment of this disclosure prevents or inhibits the refrigerant from accumulating in the stopped outdoor unit. Accordingly, when the stopped outdoor unit is restarted, this also prevents or inhibits a lack of refrigerating machine oil in the compressor of the restarted outdoor unit as described later.
Conventionally, during heating operation, when the refrigerant accumulates in the stopped outdoor unit, the refrigerant might flow in the compressor of this outdoor unit via the intake pipe and then accumulate. The refrigerant accumulating in the compressor is cooled by the ambient air and liquefied, and then the liquefied refrigerant merges into the refrigerating machine oil of the compressor. In this state, in the case where the stopped outdoor unit is restarted, the refrigerating machine oil is also discharged from the compressor together with the refrigerant. Accordingly, the compressor of the restarted outdoor unit might have a lack of the refrigerating machine oil. However, in the air conditioner according to one embodiment of this disclosure prevents or inhibits the refrigerant from accumulating in the stopped outdoor unit as described above. This prevents or inhibits a lack of the refrigerating machine oil caused by accumulation of the refrigerant in the compressor of the stopped outdoor unit.
Here, the air conditioner according to this embodiment includes the four indoor units and the two outdoor units. However, the embodiment of this disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the air conditioner may include three or more outdoor units and may include three or less or five or more indoor units. Furthermore, the counts of the indoor units and the outdoor units, which are installed on the air conditioner, may be changed as necessary. Furthermore, the counts of the operating indoor units and the operating outdoor units may be changed as necessary.
The air conditioner according to the embodiment of this disclosure may be the following first to third air conditioners.
The first air conditioner includes a plurality of outdoor units, which each include a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first flow-passage switcher, a second flow-passage switcher, a discharge pipe, an intake pipe, an outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe, an outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe, and an outdoor-unit liquid pipe, and an indoor unit, which is coupled to the outdoor unit by a liquid pipe and a gas pipe. The outdoor heat exchanger includes one refrigerant entry/exit opening coupled to the first flow-passage switcher by a refrigerant pipe and another refrigerant entry/exit opening coupled to the liquid pipe by the outdoor-unit liquid pipe. The discharge pipe couples a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor and the first flow-passage switcher together. The intake pipe couples a refrigerant intake side of the compressor and the first flow-passage switcher together. The second flow-passage switcher and the gas pipe are coupled together by a refrigerant pipe. The discharge pipe and the second flow-passage switcher are coupled together by the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe. The intake pipe and the second flow-passage switcher are coupled together by the outdoor-unit low-pressure gas pipe. In this air conditioner, the outdoor-unit liquid pipe and the first flow-passage switcher are coupled together by a bypass pipe.
The second air conditioner according to the first air conditioner is provided with a solenoid valve or a check valve, which cause a refrigerant to flow only in a direction from the first flow-passage switcher toward the outdoor-unit liquid pipe, at the bypass pipe.
In the third air conditioner according to the first or second air conditioner, during heating operation, in the case where at least one outdoor unit in the plurality of outdoor units is stopped, the first flow-passage switcher and the second flow-passage switcher in the stopped outdoor unit are switched such that a refrigerant that has flowed in the stopped outdoor unit from the gas pipe flows out to the liquid pipe from this outdoor unit via the outdoor-unit high-pressure gas pipe and the bypass pipe.
The foregoing detailed description has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the subject matter described herein to the precise form disclosed. Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims appended hereto.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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