Patent Grant
7156248
This application is a filing under 35 USC 371 of PCT/FR01/02141, filed Jul. 4, 2001.
The invention relates to the field of overcaps for receptacles or bottles containing either a still liquid, typically red wine, or an effervescent liquid or a liquid under pressure, typically an effervescent wine or a champagne wine. In the latter case, the overcap is generally called a “sparkling wine overcap”.
In all cases, the bottle is closed by a cork and the cork is covered by the said overcap for aesthetic reasons and/or to prove that it has not been tampered with. If the liquid is a wine under pressure, the cork is fixed to the bottle neck by a mechanical means, using a wire binder.
The invention is particularly applicable to overcaps with rolled skirts, that differ from overcaps formed by stamping from a metallic strip (typically tin or aluminium) or a metalloplastic strip.
Different types of overcaps with rolled skirts are already known. These overcaps comprise a rolled skirt on which a seam is formed along a generating line, the upper end being closed by a top fixed to the said rolled skirt, typically by sealing with an adhesive.
In the case of overcaps designed for use as overcaps for bottles containing still liquids, these overcaps may be made either of a crimpable material, typically metallic or metalloplastic, or a heat shrinking plastic material, so that they can be fixed on the neck of a bottle comprising a glass ring, and cannot be removed with damaging or destroying the overcaps.
Different types of overcaps with rolled skirts are also known for overcaps for bottles containing effervescent liquids or liquids under pressure, as described in French patents applications No. 9815004, 9902322, 9907364 and 9907365 in the name of the applicant. These overcaps are typically made of a metallic or metalloplastic material and are creased and forced into contact with the neck of the bottle to be over capped.
Overcaps with rolled skirts are known to be more economic than stamped metallic overcaps. Therefore, developments have been carried out on them to attempt to obtain aesthetic and “handling” qualities similar to those particularly of stamped metallic overcaps, and at the present time the quality and price hierarchy varies from “high range” metallic overcaps to “low range” heat sealing overcaps, with rolled skirt overcaps typically made of metalloplastic material being intermediate between the two extremes.
Overcaps with rolled skirts according to the state of the art do not fully satisfy existing market requirements to the extent that:
The invention is designed to solve these two problems simultaneously, so as to offer overcaps with an excellent aesthetic quality, typically including a top free of creases and differentiation means, particularly on the top of the overcap, without increasing production costs.
According to the invention, the overcap designed to cover a bottle neck closed by a cork containing a liquid to be packaged, comprises a: rolled skirt and a top fixed to the said rolled skirt, typically by gluing, around a circular junction area common to the said skirt and the said top and characterized in that:
a1) the said top is formed from a first strip of material chosen to have a nature and thickness so that it can be deformed, typically by stamping between a punch and a die or by thermoforming, to form a crease free rim around the said top,
a2) the said rim is formed by the peripheral part of the said top axially deformed over a height H between 1 and 5 mm,
a3) the said rim is a rim (20,21) that extends around an arc of a circle over an angle α varying from 45 to 90°,
b1) the said rolled skirt comprises an upper end (30), necked in over a width of at least 1 mm, cooperating with the said rim to form the said circular junction area,
b2) the rolled skirt (3) is formed from a second strip of material (6) with a nature and thickness chosen such that the mechanical properties are not as good as the properties of the first material (5), particularly so that the said top is not modified by any creases in the upper necked in end,
b3) the upper necked in end (30) is a rounded end (31) in an arc of a circle over an angle β varying from 45 to 90°,
c1) the circular junction area (4) common to the rim (20, 21, 22) and to the upper end (30) extends over a width L equal to at least 0.5 mm,
c2) the circular junction area (4) that comprises the part of the said top that covers the said necked in upper end (30,31), and typically the said rim (20,21), extends around at least an arc of a circle over an angle γ varying form 30° to 90°.
Therefore, the invention is defined as being a combination of several essential means:
a) firstly, the material chosen to form the top must be capable of being stamped without creases being formed; it is actually a deformation, admittedly limited, but in the case of a first metallic or metalloplastic material, is done entirely between a punch and a die, in other words without a blank clamp. This deformation is a rim or a peripheral part of the said top axially deformed over a height H between 1 and 5 mm.
The applicant has observed that under these conditions, if this material is too thin, for example a 30 μm aluminium sheet, the sheet cannot be deformed without creasing or possibly tearing.
Furthermore, it would be pointless to use excessive thicknesses since it would unnecessarily increase the material cost.
In practice, the first step is to define a height H for the top which will control the appearance of the final overcap, and then for a given type of material, the minimum thickness of the material to give a top without creases is chosen by carrying out a selection test approximately reproducing the deformation of height H of the first strip of material.
In the case of a first metallic or metalloplastic material, this deformation is typically obtained by stamping without using a blank clamp, between a punch and a die, and in the case of a plastic material, typically by thermoforming.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art are well aware that they can obtain a given deformation in several passes, so that they may be able to obtain an uncreased top by carrying out a limited number of passes, typically between 2 and 4, while a top obtained in a single pass would have been slightly creased.
b) secondly, the said rolled skirt must comprise an upper end necked in over a width of at least 1 mm typically less than 5 mm, cooperating with the said rim around the said circular junction area, and the second material forming the skirt must be chosen with a nature and thickness as a function particularly of the first material. According to the invention, due to the difference in thickness and the mechanical properties between the first and the second materials, a second relatively thin material can be chosen and a rolled skirt can be formed in which the necked in part may form creases, provided that these creases are not themselves visible since they will be masked by the said crease free rim. Furthermore, these creases, if any, will not change the relief of the rim of the said top when the top is fixed onto the necked in part of the skirt, particularly taking account of the thickness or better mechanical properties of the material from which the said top is made. The hardness of the first material forming the top is typically equal to at least the hardness of the second material forming the skirt.
c) finally, the circular junction area, the area common to the said rim and the said upper end necked in by overlap, must extend over a width L equal to at least 1 mm typically less than 5 mm. Furthermore, it is important firstly that this overlap area should correspond to the part with the smallest radius of curvature of the said rim and the said necked in end, the rim of the top covering the said necked in upper end and completely masking any creases in the said necked in part, even if furthermore the width of the circular junction area can extend either towards the “flat” part of the top or towards the “cylindrical” or “tapered” part of the skirt.
Note that the invention can be used to make a relatively narrow circular junction area with width L, without deteriorating the integrity of the overcap throughout its life.
This combination of means can simultaneously solve the problems that arise, namely firstly an overcap with no creases at the junction strip or the connection strip between the rolled skirt and the top which makes overcaps according to the invention highly aesthetic, and secondly that it becomes possible to differentiate between overcaps by using different combinations of materials for the said first and the said second material, based on the information and selection criteria developed according to the invention.
Furthermore, the invention is capable of differentiating between materials forming the top and the skirt, particularly to reduce the cost of materials, since only the top is made of a relatively thick material, and the surface area of the top is relatively small compared with the skirt.
All figures, except for
a and 2b illustrate an embodiment of the top (2) in which the rim (20) of the top forms a rounded edge (21) with a radius of curvature R and axial height H measured parallel to the centre line (10) of symmetry of the top (2) or the overcap (1).
a is a partial section of the top along the vertical axis (10) showing that the rim (20, 21) extends around an angle or arc of a circle α over about 75°, whereas
c illustrates another embodiment of the top (2) in which the central part (23) of the top is convex, instead of being approximately plane as in
d illustrates another embodiment of the top (2) in which the rim (20) is a plane edge (22).
a to 3d represent a partial section along the vertical axis (10) of the necked in upper end (30) of the rolled skirt (3), part (33) of which is creased after necking in.
In
In
a to 4d diagrammatically show the circular area (4) of the junction common to the said skirt and the said top, the necked in upper ends (30) being as shown in
In
b is similar to
In
d represents the case in which the common circular junction area (4) is composed of a plane part (42) extending over a width L.
a to 5b relate to overcaps (1, 11) for bottles (8) closed by a cork (82) and containing a still liquid (83).
a is a side view of an overcap (1, 11) with a rolled skirt (3) and sealed edge (37), which comprises two lines of weakness (35) delimiting an initial opening tab (36), a destacking ring (34), an axial sealing area (37) to form the rolled skirt, and a circular junction area (4), these two areas not being visible from the outside and therefore shown in dashed lines.
b shows solid lines showing a sectional view along the vertical axis (10) of an overcap (1, 11) similar to that in
a to 6c show overcaps (1, 12) for bottles (8) containing a sparkling wine or a wine under pressure (84).
a, similar to
b shows a perspective view of the neck (80) of a bottle (8) of champagne (84), the first time that it is opened, the cork (82) in this case being fixed to the neck by a wire fastener (85).
c illustrates the shape of the top (2) of the overcap, characterized particularly by its small radius of curvature R1 and its large radius of curvature R3.
According to a first embodiment of the overcap according to the invention:
a) the said rim (20, 21) of the top (2) has a radius of curvature R between 1 mm and 5 mm,
b) the necked in upper end (30) has a radius of curvature R′ equal to approximately R minus the thickness of the said end,
The top necked in end (30) usually comprises all or part of a creased part (33), possibly taking account of the necking in and the mechanical properties of the second material.
Preferably, the said arc of circle α extends from 55 to 80°, such that the rim (2, 21) of the top (2) forms at least 50% of the curvature or slope change between the top (2) and the skirt (3), this slope change δ being close to 90° and slightly less than 90° in the case of truncated overcaps (see
According to another embodiment of the invention, the rim (20) may consist of a plane rim (22) in which the upper end (30) has a plane end (32) and in which the circular area (4) is a non rounded or plane area (42) like that shown in
Furthermore, as illustrated in
According to the invention, the width L of the circular junction area (4) may vary from 1 mm to 5 mm, typically from 1 mm to 3 mm in the case of overcaps for still wines and 2 to 5 mm in the case of overcaps for wine under pressures, regardless of the shape (rounded and/or plane) of this area. This relatively narrow width is sufficient to fix the top (2) on the upper necked in end (30) of the skirt (3).
As already mentioned, the rolled skirt (3) is formed from a second strip of material (6), the nature and thickness of which are chosen such that the mechanical characteristics are weaker than the properties of the first material (5), particularly such that the said top is not deteriorated by any creases in the necked in upper end. This may be achieved by making the thickness E1 of the first strip of material (5) greater than the thickness E2 of the second strip of material (6), and/or ensuring that the intrinsic mechanical properties of the first strip of material (5) are higher than the properties of the second strip of material (6). See
Several cases can arise:
a) either the top and the skirt are composed of the same material, in this case it is sufficient to choose a thickness E1 of the first strip of material (5) forming the top sufficient to form a crease free top, and thicker than the thickness E2 of the second strip of material (6) forming the skirt, where the thickness E2 is typically between 0.4 and 0.8 times E1,
b) or the top and the skirt are composed of different materials, the thickness E1 of the first strip of material is then always determined by the formation of the top without creases, and the thickness E2 of the second strip of material (6) forming the skirt is not directly correlated to the thickness E1 and is chosen to be as thin as possible compatible with normal requirements in the industry.
According to a first variant of the invention, the first strip of material (5) forming the top (2) may be a metallic strip typically made of aluminium or aluminium or tin alloy between 40 and 120 μm thick, and typically between 70 and 90 μm.
According to a second variant of the invention, the first strip of material (5) forming the top (2) may be a strip of metalloplastic material with an Al/PO/Al or Al/PO structure, where PO denotes a layer of polyolefin, typically PE, and Al denotes an aluminium or aluminium alloy layer, the thickness of the PO layer being between 10 and 80 μm the thickness of the Al layer being between 10 and 60 μm, and the thickness of the said strip being between 30 and 120 μm.
According to a third variant of the invention, the first strip of material (5) forming the top (2) may be a plastic strip of material, typically polyolefin, between 40 to 200 μm thick, and typically between 70 and 150 μm. The said plastic material may be a transparent, colourless or coloured plastic material such that the cork can be seen, with the accompanying advantages for the consumer. For still liquids such as red wines, it may be useful to see the condition of the cork and to see if there were any leaks. For liquids under pressure such as champagne, it may be useful to see the metallic plate covering the cork and over which the wire fastener is placed, and these corks or metallic plates may be suitable for making collections.
The second strip of material (6) forming the skirt (3) may be chosen from among crimpable or placeable or fold down metallic or metalloplastic materials, or among films of heat shrinking plastic materials.
As already mentioned, crimpable or heat shrinking materials with rolled skirts are used to form overcaps for bottles containing still wines, whereas placeable and fold down materials are used to form overcaps for sparkling wine or wine under pressure.
When a metalloplastic material is used, this metalloplastic material may be a multi-layer material with an Al/PO/Al or Al/PO structure in which PO denotes a layer of polyolefin, typically PE, and Al denotes an aluminium or aluminium alloy layer.
Furthermore, the PO layer may bond to the Al layer, either by using a PO layer comprising carboxylic acid or carboxylic anhydride functions, or a complementary adhesive layer between the PO and Al layers, or due to surface treatments of the PO and/or Al layers that will promote this adhesion.
The thickness of the PO layer may be between 10 and 80 μm, and the thickness of the Al layer may be between 10 and 50 μm, the total thickness of the corresponding multi-layer material may be between 20 μm and 100 μm.
A first specific purpose of the invention consists of an overcap (11) in which the rolled skirt (3) is a skirt made of a crimpable or heat shrinking material, so as to form an overcap (11) for receptacles containing still liquids.
A second specific purpose of the invention consists of an overcap (12) in which the rolled skirt is a skirt made of a placeable and fold down material, so as to form an overcap (12) for receptacles containing liquids under pressure, typically champagne and sparkling wines.
The overcap (1) according to the invention may comprise easy opening means (35, 36) like those shown in
Overcaps (1) according to the invention typically have a tapered skirt, to facilitate stacking of the said overcaps, mainly in the case of overcaps (11) for still wines, they may be provided with a continuous or interrupted circular ring (34) on the skirt, so as to control the said stack of the said capsules (1, 11) and to facilitate unstacking them. The overcaps (1, 11) in
Another purpose of the invention consists of a process for manufacturing overcaps (1, 10, 11) according to the invention, in which:
a) the said first (5) and the second (6) strips of materials are typically in the form of a very long reel,
b) a blank (60) is cut from the strip (6) of the second material, a line of adhesive (61) is placed on one side of the edges (600) of the blank (60), and the blank (60) is rolled on a punch (70) so as to apply the other side edge of the blank on the said line of adhesive and thus form a blank of the skirt (62), the upper end of which projects beyond the end of the said punch,
c) a first die (71) with the required shape adapted to the shape of the said mandrel, or any other equivalent means, typically a crimping top with rollers or wheels, is applied to the end of the said punch (70) so, as to form a skirt (3) with a necked in upper end (31),
d) a disk (50) with a predetermined diameter is cut out in the strip (5) of the first material,
e) the said top (2) is shaped and,
f) it is fixed to the skirt (3) by placing either the said top blank (50) or the said top formed between the said necked in upper end (30) and a second die (72), and compressing it on the necked in upper end (31) using the second die (72) so as to form the circular junction area (4), after placing adhesive on the top blank (50) or on the necked in upper end (30), either in the form of a circular adhesive line (40) or over all or part of the surface of the said first material.
A certain number of modifications or variants to this process are possible. Thus in step e) in the process, the said top (2) may be formed before being fixed to the skirt (3) by one or several shaping passes. This variant was illustrated in
In the process modification illustrated in
See also the second series in the second series of examples for overcaps with transparent tops.
Concerning the attachment of the top (2) to the rolled skirt (3) by an adhesive means, an adhesive sealing layer (usually heat sealing) may be deposited, preferably on the disk or on the first material before the disk is cut, rather than on the top necked in end (30) of the rolled skirt (3).
If it is deposited on the first material, the entire inner surface of the first material may be covered by application of a hot-stick varnish or a hot-melt glue or resin, either by coating or extrusion or any other known method. If the first material is a thermoplastic, it would be possible to form the said first material coated with an adhesive hot-melt adhesive coat directly by coextrusion. If the first material is a plastic, the adhesive coat is preferably chosen to be as light or as transparent as possible to make the top as transparent as possible.
In the case of an adhesive deposit on the top itself, it is possible to have a circular sealing adhesive line forming a marked deposit, applied such that this deposit does not affect the transparency of the visible part of the top.
According to a first variant of the process, the order of the previous cutting d) and shaping e) operations may be inverted, the strip (5) being shaped first, and the part of the shaped strip then being cut out, before being fixed to the skirt in step f) as illustrated in
According to a second variant of the process, the previous steps e) for shaping and f) attachment may be combined into a single step, the top (2) being formed when it is attached to the skirt (3) as illustrated in
This process was illustrated diagrammatically by the device (7) in
According to another variant of the process, after step f) for attachment of the top to the skirt, the shaping of the top, typically the central part (23) of the top, can be completed as illustrated in
Regardless of which variant of the process is used, the overcap formed may be finished off, for example decorated by hot marking, or it may be provided with easy opening means, typically a first opening tab (36) delimited by two lines of weakness (35) using means not shown in
Depending on their nature, these finishing steps may be done either on the first and/or on the second strip of material, or during the overcap manufacturing process, or reworking after the overcap has been manufactured.
In the process according to the invention, the punch (70) may comprise a top with an embossed or recessed pattern, and/or the second die (72) may be provided with an embossed or recessed pattern in order to form the said embossed or recessed pattern on the top (2) of the overcap during formation and attachment of the top to the skirt.
The overcaps (12) may also comprise decorative elements located under the skirt in two distinct parts, as is done for champagne bottles. In this case, the blank (60) is cut out accordingly and comprises the said decorative element.
The first example was for overcaps for still wines (first series of examples) and overcaps for champagne (second series of examples).
In each case, the first strip of material (5) used was either a metalloplastic material (first series of tests) made of Al/PE/Al, or a transparent plastic material (second series of tests) made of PE.
The said first metalloplastic materials used in the first series of tests were selected, particularly in terms of their thickness, using a laboratory test in which a disk or part of the strip to be tested was compressed between a punch and a die with the same geometric shape as the punch (70) and the die (72) on the production line, and in particular the thickness at which creases were no longer formed was observed, knowing that this deformation is made without a blank clamp.
For a first plastic material, the strip of plastic material is thermoformed in one, two or three passes, and the appearance of the shaped top is observed. The selected thickness must be such that the top has no creases and the mechanical properties are sufficiently good and/or the top is thick enough such that when the top is compressed on the upper necked in end (30) of the skirt, the creases in this necked in part do not mark the rim (20) of the top (2) sufficiently to make them visible from the outside.
Overcaps (11) for still wines were made using the process according to this invention, similar to those shown in
These overcaps (11) have the following dimensions:
In these overcaps, all angles α, β and γ were equal to 80° ±5° as shown in
In these overcaps, the starting point was a developed shape of the skirt (60) with height HF equal to 50.6 mm.
The following materials were chosen in a first series of tests:
In this first series of tests, the carrousel (7) or the forming turret comprises 6 punches (70), or 6 stations or positions marked A to F as shown in
A: cut out of the developed shape of a skirt (60) from a reel of second material (6) and the formation of a rolled skirt blank (62) after removing a line of adhesive (61),
B: folding of the end of the blank (62) to obtain a skirt (3) with a rounded end (31) generally creased (33), by the action of a rounded die (71),
C: cut out a disk (50) with a diameter DT equal to 31 mm,
D: heat sealing of the top blank (50) on the rounded end (31) of the skirt (3), using a heated rounded die (72) to form a top (2) sealed to the skirt (3),
E: press the top (2) onto the rounded end (31) of the skirt (3) to finish shaping of the top using a rounded die (72′), all rounded dies (71, 72, 72′) having a radius of curvature equal to approximately 2 mm,
F: eject the overcap (1).
The following materials were chosen in a second series of tests:
The first step in this second series of tests was to form the strip (5) by thermoforming using a shaping tool (75), in the same way as illustrated in
Overcaps (12) were made for wines under pressure (champagne) using the process according to this invention.
The dimensions of these overcaps (12) were as follows:
In these overcaps, all angles α, β and γ were equal to 80° ±5° as shown in
The radii of curvature R1 and R3 (see
The diameter of the top blank (50) was 36 mm and the height of the skirt blank (60) HF was equal to 119 mm.
In a first series of tests, the following materials were chosen:
These overcaps were made using a forming carrousel or turret (7) with 9 positions,
A: formation of the rolled skirt blank (62),
B: bending of the end of the blank (62) to obtain a skirt (3) with a rounded end (31), generally pleated (33), by the action of a rounded die (71),
B1: complementary compression of the rounded part (31),
C: the strip (5) of the first material was preformed as shown in
D: the plane top (2) was heat sealed and possibly relief was formed on the top,
E: hot marking of the top was applied, and grooves (38) were formed,
F: the final shaping of the top was finished as shown in
In a second series of tests, the following materials were chosen:
Furthermore, as in the second series of tests in the first series of examples, a transparent hot-melt varnish was deposited on the disk or on the first material before cutting it into disks, on the inside face of the strip (5) or the top (2), according to the tests,
The process according to this second series of tests is different from the process for the first series of tests in that at position C, the strip was heat sealed by applying it by passing it in a mould under the action of hot air to form the top in three passes before cutting, as illustrated diagrammatically in
The results of these tests: all overcaps (1, 11, 12) obtained have a crease free fillet connection between the skirt and top.
Consumer evaluation tests for still wines have shown that consumer perception of this type of overcaps (11), placed them approximately equivalent to stamped metallic overcaps, much better than the traditional rounded skirt capsules in which the creases of the upper end of the skirt are visible.
Similarly, in the case of overcaps for champagne wines, the overcaps according to the invention were more attractive than conventional overcaps in which creases formed by the upper end of the skirt can be seen, at the top.
The invention has three sorts of advantages, without changing normal production rates:
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 00 08805 | Jul 2000 | FR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR01/02141 | 7/4/2001 | WO | 00 | 1/3/2003 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO02/02425 | 1/10/2002 | WO | A |
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