The present invention relates to interactive video distribution systems, and more particularly to blending a source video with an interactive user interface to generate a single image, where the source video and interactive user interface are separately provided.
It is known in the prior art to provide interactive user interfaces for television programs. Such interactive user interfaces include, for example, electronic program guides (EPG) that may be manipulated to search for broadcast programs or schedule recordings. Interactive user interfaces also include simple video games, menuing systems to access video on demand, and other similar such mechanisms.
Interactive user interfaces may be combined with source video, such as video on a broadcast or cable channel. There are two broad ways to combine such interfaces with source video: scale down the source video and fill the rest of the screen with the interactive user interface, or keep the source video full-screen but overlay the user interface onto the screen. As an example of the first combination, modern EPGs often show dynamically-generated channel information with a small preview window that shows video for a current channel. As an example of the second combination, television sets often provide volume controls as elements that overlay an area of the screen, typically near the bottom or along one side, while continuing to display the underlying source video content full-screen.
The latter method to combine user interfaces with source video can itself be broken into two different categories: opaque user interfaces and translucent, or partially transparent, user interfaces. Different techniques can be used for these different categories. For example, if it is known in advance that a user interface will be opaque, then the pixels of the underlying source video content may be discarded at the beginning of the overlay process. This ability to discard pixels simplifies processing of the overlays and permits compositing of the user interface directly into the source image. For certain block-based encoding schemes, compositing can be accomplished at a block level. However, for partially transparent user interfaces, the underlying pixels must be retained and blended with the user interface.
It is also known in the art to overlay images using blending. For purposes of the present disclosure, “blending” refers to a process of alpha compositing; that is, the process of combining two colors using a transparency coefficient, a. Using this technique, each pixel of each image may be viewed as being associated with four values: three color values and one alpha value, each between 0.0 and 1.0, either by storing these values per pixel or in a lookup table such as for example a palette. If the color values are red-green-blue, for example, then these four values are denoted RGBA. Alpha blending takes as input the RGBA values of a foreground pixel and a background pixel, and produces as output a pixel having RGBA values color(output)=α(f)*color(f)+(1−α(f))*color(b) and α(output)=α(f)+α(b)*(1−α(f)), where α(f) and α(b) are the transparency coefficients of the foreground and background pixels, respectively. In other words, the colors and transparency coefficients of the output are a weighted average of the foreground and background pixel, using “α” as the weight. Thus, if α=0.0 in the foreground pixel, then the colors in the output pixel are the same as that of the background (that is, the foreground pixel is not visible). If α is increased from 0.0 toward 1.0, more of the foreground pixel becomes visible, until when α=1.0 the color of the output pixel is the same as that of the foreground pixel (that is, the background pixel is completely overlaid by the foreground pixel).
However, it is generally disadvantageous to blend user interfaces at the server (e.g., at a cable headend), for a number of reasons. First, a typical television provider will have hundreds of thousands or millions of subscribers, a significant portion of whom will, at any given time, require interactive user interfaces. Each subscriber may be watching a different source video, and blending all of these source videos with any number of user interfaces is a problem that does not scale well. Second, blending a user interface with a source video requires access to the pixels of the source video, but the source video that is broadcast is typically ingested from a content provider, encoded according to a transmission encoding that exceeds available computational power. Third, a significant latency may be caused by the blending process, creating an unacceptable ‘sluggishness’ in the response of the user interface.
Various embodiments of the invention overcome the disadvantages of blending, at the server, interactive user interfaces with underlying source video in two distinct ways. First, many client devices, such as set top boxes or smart televisions, have the ability to perform alpha blending. Thus, it is possible to transmit the user interface from a remote server, such as one found at a cable headend, to the client device, on demand and out-of-band using a separate protocol, such as a modified RFB or XRT protocol. Second, even if a client device does not have the ability to perform alpha blending locally, such blending can be accelerated at the remote server through a combination of image caching and reconstruction of the client device decoder state to the point where blending becomes a scalable operation.
Some implementations include a method of providing, at a client device, an interactive user interface for generating an output, for a display, that includes a source video and an interactive user interface. The method includes receiving, at a client device remote from a server, the source video from the server using a first data communications channel configured to communicate video content, wherein the first data communications channel comprises a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) protocol. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting to the server a command related to an interactive user interface, and receiving, in response to the transmitting, one or more images of the interactive user interface using a second data communications channel different from the first data communications channel, wherein the second data communications channel comprises a transmission control protocol over internet protocol (TCP/IP) protocol. The source video is blended with the received one or more images to generate an output, and the output is transmitted toward a display device for display thereon.
In some embodiments, the interactive user interface comprises a menu.
In some embodiments, the received video content is encoded using an MPEG specification, an AVS specification, or a VC-1 specification. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the one or more images of the interactive user interface are encoded using a bitmap (BMP) file format, a portable network graphics (PNG) file format, a joint photographic experts group (JPEG) file format, or a graphics interchange format (GIF) file format.
In some embodiments, each image of the one or more images is associated with a corresponding transparency coefficient, and wherein blending the source video with the received one or more images comprises blending according to the transparency coefficient.
In some embodiments, wherein the blending comprises blending in a spatial domain.
In another aspect, a method includes providing, at a server, an interactive user interface for generating a output, for a display, that includes the interactive user interface and a source video. The method includes transmitting frames of a source video toward a client device, remote from the server, using a data communications channel configured to communicate video content, while simultaneously buffering in a memory of the server a plurality of encoded frames from the source video for subsequent transmission to the client device. The buffered frames include a first frame that is intra-encoded and one or more additional frames that are inter-encoded based on the first frame. Responsive to receiving from the client device a command that relates to the interactive user interface, the method includes determining a buffered frame in the plurality of buffered frames that corresponds to a time associated with the command, and blending the determined frame with one or more images of the interactive user interface to generate an output. Using the data communications channel, the output is transmitted toward the client device for display on the display device.
In some embodiments, transmitting the frames of the source video and transmitting the output frame each comprise transmitting according to a screen resolution or a screen dimension of the display device.
In some embodiments, the interactive user interface comprises a menu.
In some embodiments, the encoding specification is an MPEG specification, an AVS specification, or a VC-1 specification. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the one or more images of the interactive user interface are encoded using a bitmap (BMP) file format, a portable network graphics (PNG) file format, a joint photographic experts group (JPEG) file format, or a graphics interchange format (GIF) file format.
In some embodiments, the data communications channel comprises at least one of: quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) using a cable network infrastructure, user datagram protocol over internet protocol (UDP/IP) using an internet protocol television (IPTV) infrastructure, or hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) using a public or private internet infrastructure.
In some embodiments, each image of the one or more images is associated with a corresponding transparency coefficient, and wherein blending the determined frame with the one or more images comprises blending according to the transparency coefficient.
In some embodiments, blending the determined frame with one or more images includes (i) decoding the determined frame according to the encoding specification to generate a decoded frame; (ii) blending the decoded frame with the one or more images in a spatial domain to generate a blended frame; and (iii) encoding the blended frame according to the encoding specification to generate the output frame. Furthermore, in some implementations, encoding the blended frame comprises searching for motion vectors.
In some embodiments, the output frame is encoded according to the encoding specification.
In yet another aspect, a method includes combining, at a client device, an interactive user interface for generating a blended output, for a display, that includes the interactive user interface and one or more supplemental images. The method includes receiving, at a client device remote from a server, an interactive user interface from the server using a first data communications channel configured to communicate video content. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting to the server a command that relates to an interactive user interface, and receiving, in response to the transmitting, an updated user interface from the server using the first data communications channel, and the one or more supplemental images for supplementing the interactive user interface using a second data communications channel different from the first data communications channel. The updated user interface and the one or more supplemental images are blended to generate a blended output, and the blended output is transmitted toward the display device for display thereon.
In some embodiments, the interactive user interface comprises a source video stitched with user interface content.
In some embodiments, the encoding specification is an MPEG specification, an AVS specification, or a VC-1 specification.
In some embodiments, the first data communications channel comprises at least one of: quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) using a cable network infrastructure, user datagram protocol over internet protocol (UDP/IP) using an internet protocol television (IPTV) infrastructure, or hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) using a public or private internet infrastructure.
In some embodiments, the one or more supplemental images are encoded using a bitmap (BMP) file format, a portable network graphics (PNG) file format, a joint photographic experts group (JPEG) file format, or a graphics interchange format (GIF) file format.
In some embodiments, the second data communications channel comprises at least one of transmission control protocol over internet protocol (TCP/IP), remote frame buffer (RFB) protocol, and extended remoting technology (XRT) protocol.
In some embodiments, each supplemental image of the one or more supplemental images is associated with a corresponding transparency coefficient, and wherein blending the updated user interface with the one or more supplemental images comprises blending according to the transparency coefficient.
In some embodiments, blending comprises blending in a spatial domain.
In some embodiments, the command is a request for secure content, wherein the one or more supplemental images are received from a third party server, and the second data communications channel uses a secure transport protocol.
In yet another aspect, the method includes providing, at a server, an interactive user interface for generating a blended output, for a display, that includes the interactive user interface and one or more supplemental images. The method includes transmitting, at a server remote from a client device, the interactive user interface from a server using a first data communications channel configured to communicate video content, and receiving a command that relates to the interactive user interface. Furthermore, the method includes generating an updated interactive user interface, blending the updated user interface and the one or more supplemental images to generate a blended output frame, and transmitting the blended output frame toward a client device for display on a display device thereon.
In some embodiments, the method further includes transmitting the updated interactive user interface toward the client device for display on the display device thereon, and switching between transmitting the blended output frame and transmitting the updated interactive user interface.
In some embodiments, the encoding specification is an MPEG specification, an AVS specification, or a VC-1 specification.
In some embodiments, the first data communications channel comprises at least one of: quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) using a cable network infrastructure, user datagram protocol over internet protocol (UDP/IP) using an internet protocol television (IPTV) infrastructure, or hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) using a public or private internet infrastructure.
In some embodiments, the image format of the one or more supplemental images is a bitmap (BMP) file format, a portable network graphics (PNG) file format, a joint photographic experts group (JPEG) file format, or a graphics interchange format (GIF) file format.
In some embodiments, the method includes first determining that the client device is not capable of overlaying.
The foregoing features of embodiments will be more readily understood by reference to the following detailed description, taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
As used in this description and the accompanying claims, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated, unless the context otherwise requires:
“Video” means both silent moving images and moving images accompanied by sound, except where otherwise indicated.
An “encoding specification” is a specification according to which video data are encoded by a transmitting electronic device and decoded by a receiving electronic device. Examples of encoding specifications are MPEG-2, MPEG-4, AVS, and VC-1.
A “client device” is an electronic device capable of receiving and decoding data according to an encoding specification for display on a display device. Examples of client devices include cable and satellite set top boxes, some video game consoles, and some televisions.
The client device 10 may be implemented as a set top box, a video game console, a television, or other electronic device known in the art. The client device 10 includes an overlay module 101 that is capable of overlaying an image on an input video signal to generate an output video signal as a sequence of composite images. The operation of the overlay module 101 is described in more detail in connection with
The client device 10 also has several input/output (I/O) ports 103. One I/O port 103 is used to receive audiovisual data from the data communications network 131, while another is used to receive images from the data communications network 132. Another I/O port may be used in some embodiments to receive images that comprise an interactive user interface. In other embodiments, the same I/O port is used to receive both the audiovisual data and the interactive user interface images. Another I/O port is used to accept user input in the form of commands. Some commands may instruct the client device 10 to tune to a different channel (i.e., to receive different audiovisual data from the data communications network 131 or from another data network such as the Internet). Other commands may instruct the client device to record audiovisual data, either as it arrives at the client device 10 or at a future time and on a specified channel. Some commands will cause the display of an interactive user interface, while other commands will not. Various embodiments of the present invention are directed toward processing of commands that cause the display of such a user interface. The I/O ports 103 may be implemented using hardware known in the art, such as an IR receiver to interface with a remote control, a coaxial jack to interface with a cable television distribution network, a wired or wireless Ethernet port to interface with an Ethernet network, a video jack to provide the output display signal to the display device 11, and so on. The display device 11 itself may be implemented as a standard CRT, LCD, LED, or plasma monitor as is known in the art, or other similar device.
The one or more servers 12 may be implemented using computer equipment known in the art; however their functions are novel when operated in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention. In accordance with some embodiments of the invention, a large number of servers 12 may be present, and cooperate to provide the functions described below. However, for convenience and clarity, the remainder of the detailed description will assume that only one server 12 is present.
The server 12 includes a number of audio, video, and/or audiovisual data sources 121, an application execution environment 122, and an encoder 123. Note that other components may be used in an implementation of the server 12, although these have been omitted for clarity. These components are now described in more detail.
The audio/video data sources 121 may be, for example, non-linear multimedia data stored on a non-volatile storage device in the form of a movie, television program, television commercial, game graphics and sounds, user interface sounds, or other such form. The data sources 121 also may include linear multimedia data sources, such as a television broadcast stream received live by antenna or private network.
An application execution environment 122 executes an interactive application on behalf of a user. The application may be, for example, a menuing system, a video game system, or other interactive application. The environment 122 responds to input interactive commands by providing images to the client device 10 using data communications network 132. The environment 122 includes at least application logic 1221, a source of images 1222, and an image cache 1223. Application logic 1221 may be implemented as an executable file or a script that provides a state machine for operating an interactive user interface. Any format of application file may be used as application logic 1221; for example, a hypertext markup language (HTML) file that includes JavaScript may be used, or a compiled binary file may be used.
The application logic 1221 may dynamically generate one or more images 1222 that comprise the interactive user interface. The images 1222 often persist in a volatile memory of the server 12 for speed of access, for example in an image cache 1223. The images 1222 may be generated by the application execution environment logic 1221 according to a screen resolution or a screen dimension of the display device 11, which may be statically configured or may be determined dynamically when the client device 10 first establishes a communications session with the server 12. Typically, for efficiency purposes, the application logic 1221 will transmit images from the image cache 1223 if possible, and dynamically create images 1222 for transmission only if they are not already in the image cache 1223. The use of a cache 1223 advantageously permits interactive user interface images to be reused by the server 12 (or by other servers) between different requests for the user interface, even if those requests come from different end users or at different times. Images in the image cache 1223 typically are indexed using a hashing function defined by the environment 122. The use of the hashing function permits many images to be quickly retrieved from the image cache 1223, advantageously providing increased scalability. Additionally and/or alternatively, in some embodiments, server(s) 12 will transmit references to the images (such as Uniform Resource Locators or URLs), as opposed to the images themselves, so that the client can retrieve them on demand (e.g., by means of HTTP). Such embodiments would be advantageous, as an intermediate network cache (not shown), accessible through second data communications channel 132, may be used to store reusable images closer to the client device.
The encoder 123 encodes the source audiovisual data according to an encoding specification, such as MPEG, AVS, or VC-1. The encoder 123 and the decoder 102 use the same encoding specification, so that the encoded audiovisual data may be decoded once it passes through the data communications network 131. In the case that the source audiovisual data are already encoded, the encoder acts as a simple pass-through. However, in the case that the source audiovisual data are not in a format decodable by the decoder 102, the encoder 123 transcodes the data into a decodable format.
As can be seen from
By contrast, the second data communications network 132 may be designed to communicate images, rather than video. In particular, this means that the second network 132 may operate on a much lower bandwidth or a higher reliability than the first network 131. Thus, for example, the second network 132 may support data channels using the transmission control protocol over internet protocol (TCP/IP), the remote frame buffer (RFB) protocol, or the extended remoting technology (XRT) protocol. Images that are transmitted on the second network 132 may be encoded, for example, using a bitmap (BMP) file format, a portable network graphics (PNG) file format, a joint photographic experts group (JPEG) file format, or a graphics interchange format (GIF) file format. The use of PNG is particularly advantageous, as each pixel is stored with a corresponding transparency coefficient (a value).
In process 23, the client device 10 responsively receives one or more images of the interactive user interface, using a second data communications channel 132. For example, the images might include a number of buttons, switches, or dials for collective simultaneous display as a user interface. Alternately, the images might be designed to be displayed sequentially, as in the case of a “trick play” interface that includes a video timeline and a mark indicating a current time stamp. Seeking through the video may be performed by pressing a fast-forward or rewind button on the remote control, and movement of the timing mark along the timeline typically may be sped up by repeated button presses. The images may come from the images 1222 or the image cache 1223 of the application execution environment 122.
Next, in a process 24, the client device 10, and in particular the overlay module 101, alpha blends the source video with the received images to generate an output frame of pixels. In accordance with various embodiments of the invention, the received interactive user interface images are considered to be partially transparent foreground images (0.0<α<1.0), and frames of the source video are considered to be opaque background images (α=1.0). The choice of a for the user interface images advantageously may be made to be approximately 0.5, so that the interactive user interface appears evenly blended with the background source video. Or, the value of a may be varied on a per-pixel basis (i.e., per pixel alpha blending) within each image; for example, providing a downward a-gradient at the edges of a user interface image will produce an effect of the image ‘fading into the background’ at its edges. Global alpha blending and per pixel alpha blending may be combined by multiplying each per pixel alpha blending value with the global alpha blending value before the blending process is applied. The blending process 24 is performed using an appropriate received user interface image or images with respect to each frame of the source video for as long as the interactive user interface should be displayed on the screen, thereby providing a continuously-displayed interactive user interface.
Finally, in process 25, the client device 10 transmits each output frame toward the display device 11 for display. An I/O port 103 may be used in processes 21, 22, 23, 25 to receive or transmit data. A computing processor may be used in process 24 to perform the required blending.
The above embodiments are preferred because the image cache 1223 may be used to increase scalability of the content delivery platform provided by the server 12 (or a server cloud). This is true because it is feasible to cache individual user interface images separately from their underlying source videos, while it is generally infeasible to cache a vast number of pre-blended images due to limited storage space. The separate caching of user interface images, in turn, is a result of the ability of the client device 10 to receive these images using an I/O port 103 and perform blending in the overlay module 101.
In some situations, it may be impossible to use these embodiments, because a client device 10 may not have the necessary I/O ports 103 or an overlay module 101. In these situations, it is instead necessary to perform blending at the server 12, rather than the client 10, and such blending has its own challenges.
One such challenge is that the user interface images must be blended by the server 12, but can be sent to the client device 10 only as encoded audiovisual data. Therefore, it is necessary to decode the source video into a spatial domain (i.e., as a frame of pixels), blend the user interface images with the source video in the spatial domain, then re-encode the blended image according to the encoding specification. These processes require server computational capacity, and do not scale well.
Another challenge is that there is noticeable latency between the time at which the interface command occurs and when the user interface can be displayed. This challenge is illustrated by consideration of
The sequence 31 of frames includes two types of frames: I-frames that are intra-encoded and P-frames that are inter-encoded. I-frames are encoded using image information found only in themselves. Thus, I-frames encode a full-screen image, which is useful to indicate a ‘scene change’ or to eliminate display artifacts. Two frames 311, 317 are I-frames. P-frames are encoded using information found in the previous image by estimating movement of pixels using two-dimensional “motion vectors”. Thus, P-frames are useful for predicting movement fixed or slow-moving ‘camera pan’ images where most of the image content of the previous frame is present in the next frame. This relationship between P-frames and their predecessor frames is indicated by the backwards-facing arrows in
Suppose an interface command 32 arrives at the server 12 when a P-frame 316 is being displayed on the display device 11. Because it is inter-encoded, the information in this P-frame is insufficient by itself to reconstruct the complete image being displayed (i.e., to reconstruct the decoder state). In fact, the information necessary is found in a combination of the frames 311-316. One could introduce a latency 33 between the time of the command 32 and the next I-frame 317, at which time the overlay image is blended 34. However, if the group of pictures 31 contains two seconds worth of source video, the average wait time from the command 32 to the next I-frame 317 (and the appearance of the user interface) is one second, which is unacceptably unresponsive. Therefore, in various embodiments of the invention, all of the data in each group of pictures 31 (that is, from one intra-encoded frame until the next one) are buffered in the server 12 before being transmitted to permit blending of the interactive user interface images with the currently-displayed image from the source video.
The server 12 uses buffered frames to simulate, for blending, the state of the decoder 102 in the client device 10. This process is illustrated by the sequence 35, in which an encoder in the server 12 constructs the state of the decoder 102. The server 12 retrieves the first frame 311 of the buffered frames, and uses it as an initial simulated state 351. The server 12 then retrieves the second frame 312 of the buffered frames, and applies its data to the initial simulated state 351 to obtain a second simulated state 352. The server 12 retrieves the third frame 313 of the buffered frames, and applies its data to the second simulated state 352 to obtain a third simulated state 353. This process continues until the simulation reaches a state 356 that corresponds to a frame 316 corresponding to a time associated with the command 32. Once the server 12 has recovered the state of the decoder 102, it may perform blending as described above in connection with element 24 of
Note that the encoder 123 may be required to do a motion vector search after blending. There are several optimizations that can be performed to speed up this process. In a first optimization, the encoder 123 could make use of motion information found in the original video frame when it was decoded by the decoder/blender 124. However, the encoder 123 must verify whether the same motion is still present in the blended image due to the presence of the interactive user interface. In a second optimization, the source video images could be divided into rectangular areas, and motion vectors for each area are encoded separately. In this case, motion vectors for rectangles that do not intersect the user interface are unaffected by the blending, and no additional motion vector search is required for these rectangles.
The system disclosed in
In some embodiments, since the first data communications channel and the second data communications channel are completely independent channels, the graphical information transmitted over both data channels is likely to be related. Therefore, special care must be taken when the images are combined with the video stream representing the interactive user interface. A loosely coupled synchronization mechanism, such as for example a presentation timestamp and timeout for each image, may be used to synchronize the display of images with the streamed interactive user interface.
As illustrated, in some implementations, client device 703 does not include an overlay module. Moreover, as shown, the system of
As in the system of
The system disclosed in
The embodiments of the invention described above are intended to be merely exemplary; numerous variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. All such variations and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present invention as defined in any appended claims. For those skilled in the art it will also be evident that it may be beneficial for systems to switch between the embodiments of the invention on demand.
The present invention may be embodied in many different forms, including, but in no way limited to, computer program logic for use with a processor (e.g., a microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, or general purpose computer), programmable logic for use with a programmable logic device (e.g., a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other PLD), discrete components, integrated circuitry (e.g., an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)), or any other means including any combination thereof
Computer program logic implementing all or part of the functionality previously described herein may be embodied in various forms, including, but in no way limited to, a source code form, a computer executable form, and various intermediate forms (e.g., forms generated by an assembler, compiler, linker, or locator). Source code may include a series of computer program instructions implemented in any of various programming languages (e.g., an object code, an assembly language, or a high-level language such as Fortran, C, C++, JAVA, or HTML) for use with various operating systems or operating environments. The source code may define and use various data structures and communication messages. The source code may be in a computer executable form (e.g., via an interpreter), or the source code may be converted (e.g., via a translator, assembler, or compiler) into a computer executable form.
The computer program may be fixed in any form (e.g., source code form, computer executable form, or an intermediate form) either permanently or transitorily in a tangible storage medium, such as a semiconductor memory device (e.g., a RAM, ROM, PROM, EEPROM, or Flash-Programmable RAM), a magnetic memory device (e.g., a diskette or fixed disk), an optical memory device (e.g., a CD-ROM), a PC card (e.g., PCMCIA card), or other memory device. The computer program may be fixed in any form in a signal that is transmittable to a computer using any of various communication technologies, including, but in no way limited to, analog technologies, digital technologies, optical technologies, wireless technologies (e.g., Bluetooth), networking technologies, and internetworking technologies. The computer program may be distributed in any form as a removable storage medium with accompanying printed or electronic documentation (e.g., shrink wrapped software), preloaded with a computer system (e.g., on system ROM or fixed disk), or distributed from a server or electronic bulletin board over the communication system (e.g., the Internet or World Wide Web).
Hardware logic (including programmable logic for use with a programmable logic device) implementing all or part of the functionality previously described herein may be designed using traditional manual methods, or may be designed, captured, simulated, or documented electronically using various tools, such as Computer Aided Design (CAD), a hardware description language (e.g., VHDL or AHDL), or a PLD programming language (e.g., PALASM, ABEL, or CUPL).
Programmable logic may be fixed either permanently or transitorily in a tangible storage medium, such as a semiconductor memory device (e.g., a RAM, ROM, PROM, EEPROM, or Flash-Programmable RAM), a magnetic memory device (e.g., a diskette or fixed disk), an optical memory device (e.g., a CD-ROM), or other memory device. The programmable logic may be fixed in a signal that is transmittable to a computer using any of various communication technologies, including, but in no way limited to, analog technologies, digital technologies, optical technologies, wireless technologies (e.g., Bluetooth), networking technologies, and internetworking technologies. The programmable logic may be distributed as a removable storage medium with accompanying printed or electronic documentation (e.g., shrink wrapped software), preloaded with a computer system (e.g., on system ROM or fixed disk), or distributed from a server or electronic bulletin board over the communication system (e.g., the Internet or World Wide Web).
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/832,069, entitled “Overlay Rendering of User Interface Onto Source Video,” filed Jun. 6, 2013, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20140366057 A1 | Dec 2014 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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61832069 | Jun 2013 | US |