The present disclosure relates to a P3 hybrid transfer case.
There is increasing interest in the part of vehicle OEM's and consumers in hybrid vehicles having advanced traction capabilities, such as all-wheel drive or four-wheel drive capabilities. One common approach is to incorporate an electrically driven axle into the vehicle drivetrain so that one set of vehicle wheels is driven by a powertrain having a conventional internal combustion engine as its source of rotary power, while the other set of vehicle wheels is driven by an electric motor (i.e., a P4 hybrid configuration). One disadvantage of this approach is that both the internal combustion engine and the electric motor must be operated to drive both sets of vehicle wheels.
Another approach couples an electric motor to the transmission of the powertrain of the vehicle (i.e., a P3 hybrid configuration), which permits the transmission to be powered by an internal combustion engine and/or the electric motor. Rotary power output from the transmission is employed to drive a conventional all-wheel drive driveline or a conventional four-wheel drive driveline. One drawback of this approach is that it is frequently difficult to incorporate the electric motor into the transmission due to the lack of space that is typically available in a modern automotive vehicle. Further, the vehicle OEM will need to manufacture two versions of the transmission (i.e., a non-hybrid version and a hybrid version) if the vehicle is to be offered for sale in both a conventional non-hybrid configuration and a hybrid electric configuration.
This section provides a general summary of the disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of its features.
In one form, the present disclosure provides a transfer case having, a transmission mount, an input shaft received through the transmission mount, an electric propulsion motor, a transfer case portion and a transmission portion. The transfer case portion has a transfer case portion input, a first transfer case portion output, a second transfer case portion output, and a power transfer mechanism, the first transfer case portion output being drivingly coupled to the transfer case input portion, the power transfer mechanism drivingly coupling the second transfer case portion output to the first transfer case output portion. the transmission portion has a first coupling, which is selectively operable for drivingly connecting the input shaft to the transfer case portion input, and a second coupling that is selectively operable for drivingly connecting a rotor of the electric propulsion motor to the transfer case portion input.
Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. The description and specific examples in this summary are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.
With reference to
The vehicle drive train 14 includes a first driveline 30, which is configured to transmit rotary power to a first pair of vehicle wheels 32, and a second driveline 34 that is configured to transmit rotary power to a second pair of vehicle wheels 36. In the example provided, the first driveline 30 is a rear driveline of the vehicle and the second driveline 34 is a front driveline of the vehicle. It will be appreciated, however, that the first driveline 30 could be the front driveline of the vehicle and that the second driveline 34 could be the rear driveline of the vehicle.
The P3 transfer case 10 is configured to transmit rotary power to the first and second drivelines 30 and 34. The rotary power transmitted to the first driveline 30 and/or the second driveline 34 could be provided by the vehicle power train 12 and/or by an electric motor (not specifically shown) in the P3 transfer case 10.
With reference to
The propulsion motor portion 44 can comprise a motor housing 50 and an electric motor 52 that is received in the motor housing 50. The motor housing 50 is fixedly coupled to the transmission mount 40. The electric motor 52 can be any type of electric motor, such as a permanent magnet motor or an induction motor, or could comprise two or more types of electric motors. In the example provided, the electric motor 52 is an induction motor and has a stator 54 and a rotor 56 that is disposed concentrically within the stator 54. The input shaft 42 is received coaxially through the rotor 56.
With reference to
The first coupling 64 can be any type of coupling or clutch that is configured to selectively couple the input shaft 42 to the transmission portion output 62. As shown, the first coupling 64 comprises a (half) synchronizer that can include a first synchronizer portion 76, which is coupled to the input shaft 42 for rotation therewith, a second synchronizer portion 78, which can be coupled to the transmission portion output 62 for rotation therewith, and a first synchronizer collar 80 that is movable between a first position, in which the first synchronizer collar 80 is engaged to one of the first and second synchronizer portions 76 and 78 and disengaged from the other one of the first and second synchronizer portions 76 and 78, and a second position in which the first synchronizer collar 80 is engaged to both of the first and second synchronizer portions 76 and 78. It will be appreciated that rotary power is not transmitted from the input shaft 42 to the transmission portion output 62 when the first synchronizer collar 80 is disposed in the first position, but that rotary power is transmitted from the input shaft 42 to the transmission portion output 62 when the first synchronizer collar 80 is disposed in the second position.
The first reduction gearset 66 comprises a first reduction gear 90, which is directly driven by the rotor 56, a first layshaft 92, a second reduction gear 94, a third reduction gear 96 and a fourth reduction gear 98. The first layshaft 92 is rotatably mounted in the transmission portion housing 60, extends along a first layshaft axis 100 that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the input shaft 42, and is coupled to the second reduction gear 94 for common rotation. The second reduction gear 94 is meshingly engaged with (i.e., driven by) the first reduction gear 90. The third reduction gear 96 is rotatably disposed on the first layshaft 92 and is rotatable relative to the second reduction gear 94. The fourth reduction gear 98 is non-rotatably coupled to the transmission portion output 62 and is meshingly engaged with the third reduction gear 96.
The second coupling 68 can be any type of coupling or clutch that is configured to selectively couple the third reduction gear 96 to the second reduction gear 94. As shown, the second coupling 68 comprises a (half) synchronizer that can include a third synchronizer portion 110, which is coupled to the second reduction gear 94 for rotation therewith, a fourth synchronizer portion 112, which can be coupled to the third reduction gear 96 for rotation therewith, and a second synchronizer collar 114 that is movable between a first position, in which the second synchronizer collar 114 is engaged to one of the third and fourth synchronizer portions 110 and 112 and disengaged from the other one of the third and fourth synchronizer portions 110 and 112, and a second position in which the second synchronizer collar 114 is engaged to both of the third and fourth synchronizer portions 110 and 112. It will be appreciated that rotary power is not transmitted between the second and third reduction gears 94 and 96 when the second synchronizer collar 114 is disposed in the first position, but that rotary power is transmitted between the second and third reduction gears 94 and 96 when the second synchronizer collar 114 is disposed in the second position.
The second reduction gearset 70 comprises a fifth reduction gear 120, which is directly driven by the rotor 56 and which could optionally be the first reduction gear 90, a second layshaft 122, a sixth reduction gear 124, a seventh reduction gear 126 and an eighth reduction gear 128. The second layshaft 122 is rotatably mounted in the transmission portion housing 60, extends along a second layshaft axis 130 that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the input shaft 42 and the first layshaft axis 100, and is coupled to the sixth reduction gear 124 for common rotation. The sixth reduction gear 124 is meshingly engaged with (i.e., driven by) the fifth reduction gear 120. The seventh reduction gear 126 is rotatably disposed on the second layshaft 122 and is rotatable relative to the sixth reduction gear 124. The eighth reduction gear 128 is non-rotatably coupled to the transmission portion output 62 and is meshingly engaged with the seventh reduction gear 126.
The third coupling 72 can be any type of coupling or clutch that is configured to selectively couple the seventh reduction gear 126 to the sixth reduction gear 124. As shown, the third coupling 72 comprises a (half) synchronizer that can include a fifth synchronizer portion 140, which is coupled to the sixth reduction gear 124 for rotation therewith, a sixth synchronizer portion 142, which can be coupled to the seventh reduction gear 126 for rotation therewith, and a third synchronizer collar 144 that is movable between a first position, in which the third synchronizer collar 144 is engaged to one of the fifth and sixth synchronizer portions 140 and 142 and disengaged from the other one of the fifth and sixth synchronizer portions 140 and 142, and a second position in which the third synchronizer collar 144 is engaged to both of the fifth and sixth synchronizer portions 140 and 142. It will be appreciated that rotary power is not transmitted between the sixth and seventh reduction gears 124 and 126 when the third synchronizer collar 144 is disposed in the first position, but that rotary power is transmitted between the sixth and seventh reduction gears 124 and 126 when the third synchronizer collar 144 is disposed in the second position.
The first, second and third synchronizer collars 80, 114 and 144 can be moved in various different ways. For example, the second and third synchronizer collars 114 and 144 can be mounted to a common rail (not shown) and one actuator or linear motor could be employed to translate the first synchronizer collar 80 and a second actuator or linear motor could be employed to translate the common rail (to thereby translate the second and third synchronizer collars 114 and 144). In the example provided, the second and third couplings 68 and 72 are configured so that movement of a shift rail in a first axial direction would tend to drive one of the second and third shift collars 114 and 144 toward its first position and the other one of the second and third shift collars 114 and 144 toward its second position, while movement of the shift rail in a second, opposite axial direction would tend to drive the one of the second and third synchronizer collars 114 and 144 toward its second position and the other one of the second and third shift collars 114 and 144 toward its first position.
With reference to
The transfer case portion housing 150 is fixedly coupled to the transmission portion housing 60 (
The second transfer case portion output 156 is supported by the transfer case portion housing 150 for rotation about an axis that is parallel to but offset from the longitudinal axis of the input shaft 42. The power transfer mechanism 158 is configured to transmit rotary power between the first transfer case portion output 154 and the second transfer case portion output 156. In the example provided, the power transfer mechanism 158 includes a first sprocket 200, a second sprocket 202, which is non-rotatably coupled to the second transfer case portion output 156, a loop of chain 204, which is disposed about and drivingly engaged with the first and second sprockets 200 and 202. The mode clutch 160 is configured to selectively rotationally couple the first sprocket 200 to the first transfer case portion output 154.
Returning to
Alternatively, the first synchronizer collar 80 of the transmission portion 46 of the P3 transfer case 10 can be disposed in its first position, which decouples the power train 12 from the transfer case portion input 152, and the electric motor 52 of the propulsion motor portion 44 can be operated to provide rotary power to the transmission portion 46 that is in turn transmitted to the transfer case portion 48. In this electrically powered operational mode, the transmission portion 46 and the multi-speed transmission assembly 162 can each be operated to provide a desired overall gear reduction. In this regard, the second synchronizer collar 114 can be disposed in its second position, which permits rotary power to be transmitted from the rotor 56 of the electric motor 52 through the first reduction gearset 66 (i.e., at a first reduction ratio) to the transmission portion output 62, while the third synchronizer collar 144 is disposed in its first position. Rotary power is transmitted from the transmission portion output 62 to the transfer case portion input 152 and the multi-speed transmission assembly 162 of the transfer case portion 48 can be operated with the clutch sleeve 190 in the high-range position or with the clutch sleeve 190 in the low-range position as desired. Alternatively, the third synchronizer collar 144 can be disposed in its second position, which permits rotary power to be transmitted from the rotor 56 of the electric motor 52 through the second reduction gearset 70 (i.e., at a second reduction ratio that is different from the first reduction ratio) to the transmission portion output 62, while the second synchronizer collar 114 is disposed in its first position. Rotary power is transmitted from the transmission portion output 62 to the transfer case portion input 152 and the multi-speed transmission assembly 162 of the transfer case portion 48 can be operated with the clutch sleeve 190 in the high-range position or with the clutch sleeve 190 in the low-range position as desired.
As another alternative, the first synchronizer collar 80 of the transmission portion 46 of the P3 transfer case 10 can be disposed in its second position, which couples the power train 12 from the transfer case portion input 152, and the electric motor 52 of the propulsion motor portion 44 can be operated to provide rotary power to the transmission portion 46 that is in turn transmitted to the transfer case portion 48. It will be appreciated that in this hybrid mode of operation that rotational energy is provided to the transfer case portion input 152 by both the power train 12 and the electric motor 52 of the P3 transfer case 10. It will be further appreciated that the transmission portion 46 and the multi-speed transmission assembly 162 can be each be operated (in the manner that is described above) to provide a desired overall gear reduction while the P3 transfer case 10 is operated in the hybrid mode.
As yet another alternative, the first synchronizer collar 80 of the transmission portion 46 of the P3 transfer case 10 can be disposed in its second position, which couples the power train 12 from the transfer case portion input 152, the electric motor 52 of the propulsion motor portion 44 can be operated to provide rotary power to the transmission portion output 62 and the transfer case portion input 152 and the clutch sleeve 190 can be disposed in a neutral position between the high-range and low-range positions so that rotary power is not transmitted through the multi-speed transmission assembly 162 to the first transmission portion output 62. In this mode, the one of the second and third synchronizer collars 114 and 144 can be disposed in its second position to thereby couple the transmission portion output 62 to the rotor 56 through an associated one of the first and second reduction gearsets 66 and 70. Configuration in this manner permits the electric motor 52 to be driven by the power train 12 and operated as a generator. Optionally, it may be desirable in some situations to include a remote idle speed controller 250 to monitor the operation of the electric motor 52 (when it operates as a generator) and to control the rotational speed of the input shaft 42. In some embodiments, an electronic park brake 260 (
It will be appreciated that the P3 transfer case 10 can have various requirements for the movement of various components (e.g., the first, second and third synchronizer collars 80, 114 and 144, and the clutch sleeve 190), for lubrication of various components, and for cooling of various components. With reference to
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/887,796 filed Aug. 16, 2019, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference as if fully set forth in detail herein.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62887796 | Aug 2019 | US |