Patent Grant
8309896
The present invention relates to various blanks, constructs, and methods for heating, browning, and/or crisping a food item, and particularly relates to various blanks, constructs, and methods for heating, browning, and/or crisping a food item in a microwave oven.
There is a need for a package or other construct that facilitates transportation and consumption of a food item therein. There also is a need for such a package or other construct that enhances browning and crisping of a food item in a microwave oven. There further is a need for a package or other construct that provides enhanced browning and/or crisping of an irregular shaped food item and facilitates transportation and consumption of the food item.
The present invention generally is directed to various blanks and sleeves, pouches, packages, and other constructs (collectively “constructs”) formed therefrom. The various constructs formed from the blanks feature an enlarged or widened base that may provide stability for handling a food item within the construct. If desired, the constructs may include one or more features that allow a consumer to access various portions of the food item therein as the food item is consumed. Additionally, any of the constructs of the invention may include features that enhance the browning and crisping of the food item heated therein.
In one aspect, numerous blanks are contemplated by the invention. Each blank generally comprises a plurality of adjoined panels. Each panel has a first dimension extending in a first direction and a second dimension extending in a second direction, where the first direction is substantially perpendicular to the second direction. The plurality of adjoined panels may include a main panel, a first minor panel joined to the main panel, a second minor panel joined to the main panel, a major panel joined to the first minor panel, and an end panel. The main panel, the first minor panel, the second minor panel, and the major panel may be joined respectively to one another along a plurality of respective substantially parallel fold lines extending in the first direction. The end panel may be joined to the main panel along a substantially arcuate fold line extending generally in the second direction. The end panel has an end edge opposite the arcuate fold line. The second dimension of the end panel generally increases from the arcuate fold line to the end edge, such that the end panel has a generally flared shape. A microwave energy interactive element may overlie at least a portion of at least one of the adjoined panels.
In one example, the end panel includes a pair of opposed side edges that extend divergently from the arcuate fold line to the end edge. The end edge of the end panel may be substantially arcuate in shape, and in some example, the end edge may be outwardly arcuate in shape.
In another example, the major panel is a first major panel, and the plurality of adjoined panels further includes a second major panel joined to the second minor panel along a fold line extending in the first direction, a first partial end panel joined to the first major panel along a first curved fold line extending generally in the second direction, and a second partial end panel joined to the second major panel along a second curved fold line extending generally in the second direction.
The various blanks typically include a pair of opposed surfaces. A microwave energy interactive element may overlie at least a portion of at least one of the adjoined panels on at least one of the opposed surfaces. The microwave energy interactive element may comprise a susceptor, a foil, a segmented foil (i.e., a plurality of metal foil segments), or any combination thereof. In one example, the microwave energy interactive element converts at least a portion of impinging microwave energy into thermal energy.
If desired, any of the various blanks of the invention may include a removable portion defined at least partially by a line of disruption. The removable portion may include at least a portion of at least one of the first main panel, the second main panel, the first minor panel, and the second minor panel.
In one example, the removable portion is defined at least partially by a transverse tear line extending in the second direction substantially across the adjoined panels, an oblique tear line substantially abutting the transverse tear line, and a cutout adjacent to the oblique tear line. In one variation, the cutout extends inwardly from a first peripheral edge of the blank extending in the second direction and at least partially defines a tab adjacent to the first peripheral edge. The oblique tear line may extend substantially between the tab and the transverse tear line. In another variation, the cutout is disposed distal from the first peripheral edge within at least one panel of the plurality of adjoined panels, and a pair of oblique tear lines may extend convergently towards the cutout. In one example, a first oblique tear line extends substantially between the cutout and the transverse tear line, and a second oblique tear line extends substantially between the cutout and the first peripheral edge of the blank.
In another example, the removable portion is defined at least partially by a tear line extending in the second direction substantially across the adjoined panels. The removable portion may include a grasping feature extending from a first peripheral edge of the blank extending in the first direction, and a cutout along a second peripheral edge extending in the first direction opposite the first peripheral edge, such that the cutout is substantially opposite the grasping feature. In one variation, the blank includes a second removable portion defined at least partially by a second tear line extending in the second direction substantially across the adjoined panels. The second removable portion may include a grasping feature extending from the first peripheral edge of the blank and a cutout along the second peripheral edge opposite the grasping feature.
In another example, the removable portion is defined at least partially by a tear line extending in the second direction substantially across the adjoined panels, and the removable portion includes a grasping feature defined at least partially by a line of disruption in the second minor panel. In one variation, the line of disruption is a substantially arcuate slit including a pair of ends disposed substantially along the fold line adjoining the main panel and the second minor panel. The blank further may include a pair of tear lines in the main panel extending divergently from respective ends of the slit. In one embodiment, a first tear line substantially abuts the transverse tear line and a second tear line substantially abuts an edge of the main panel extending in the second direction.
In another example, the removable portion is a first removable portion of a plurality of removable portions defined by a plurality of tear lines extending obliquely across at least a portion of least one of the plurality of adjoined panels. Each tear line has a first end and a second end, at least one of which substantially abuts a peripheral edge of the blank. In one variation, the peripheral edge includes a first edge and a second edge extending in the first direction opposite one another, and at least one tear line of the plurality of tear lines extends substantially between the first edge and the second edge. In another variation, each tear line of the plurality of tear lines is substantially parallel to each other tear line of the plurality of tear lines. In yet another variation, the plurality of tear lines includes at least a first tear line, a second tear line, and a third tear line, and the first tear line is spaced from the second tear line a distance that is approximately equal to a distance between the second tear line and the third tear line.
In another example, at least some of the fold lines adjoining the panels are tear lines, and the removable portion is defined at least partially by a first tear line that adjoins a first pair of adjacent panels and a second tear line that adjoins a second pair of adjacent panels. The removable portion may include at least one of the first minor panel, the second minor panel, the first major panel, the second major panel, and the main panel. In one variation, a tab extends from an end of at least one of the first minor panel and the second minor panel. In still another variation, the blank may include a foldable portion defined a least partially by a fold line extending in the second direction substantially across at least one of the plurality of adjoined panels.
In another example, the removable portion is defined at least partially by a line of disruption initiating and terminating proximate a first peripheral edge of the blank opposite the arcuate end edge. The line of disruption may comprise a cut line, a score line, a kiss cut line, a perforated line, a zigzag cut line, a zipper cut line, or any combination thereof. In one variation, the removable portion includes at least a portion of the main panel. In another variation, the line of disruption initiates and terminates along the first peripheral edge of the blank adjacent to the main panel. At least a portion of the line of disruption may extend into the end panel. The portion of the line of disruption that extends into the end panel may define a tab.
Any of the various blanks may be formed into a construct (e.g., a sleeve) for heating, browning, and/or crisping a food item in a microwave oven. The construct may comprise a first main panel and a second main panel in an opposed configuration, and a first minor panel and a second minor panel in an opposed configuration. The first main panel, the second main panel, the first minor panel, and the second minor panel are joined to the first main panel and the second main panel along respective fold lines to define at least partially an interior surface. A microwave energy interactive element may overlie at least a portion of the interior surface. The microwave energy interactive element may comprise a susceptor, a foil, a segmented foil, or any combination thereof.
The construct also includes a first end panel foldably joined to the first main panel. The first end panel includes a pair of opposed side edges that generally extend divergently from the first main panel. In some embodiments, the construct also may include a second end panel foldably joined to the second main panel. The second end panel includes a pair of opposed side edges that may extend convergently (i.e., taper inwardly) from the second main panel.
In one configuration, the first end panel and the second end panel are in a substantially opposed, facing relationship. In this configuration, the construct resembles a sleeve with a pair of opposed, open ends. The first end panel and the second panel may be adapted to be folded toward the interior space in a generally superposed configuration. In doing so, the sleeve may be transformed into a container for holding the food item in an upright configuration, with the superposed end panels serving as the base of the container.
In one example of this variation, the first end panel includes an arcuate end edge that extends between the pair of opposed side edges of the first end panel. In another example, the second end panel includes a substantially linear end edge that extends between the pair of opposed side edges of the second end panel. In yet another example, a locking feature extends from the substantially linear edge of the second end panel, and the locking feature is adapted to be received within a slot in the first end panel. In this manner, the end panels are locked into position to support the food item more securely.
If desired, the construct may include a removable portion defined at least partially by a line of disruption. The removable portion may comprise at least a portion of at least one of the first main panel, the second main panel, the first minor panel, and the second minor panel. In various examples, the removable portion may comprise a removable portion of a blank from which the construct is formed, for example, the blanks described above and others described herein and/or contemplated hereby.
In one example, the removable portion is defined at least partially by a transverse tear line extending substantially across at least one of the adjoined panels, an oblique tear line substantially abutting the transverse tear line, and a cutout adjacent to the oblique tear line. In one variation, the cutout extends inwardly from a first end of the construct and at least partially defines a tab. The tab may be disposed adjacent to the first end of the construct, and the oblique tear line may extend substantially between the tab and the transverse tear line. In another variation, the cutout is disposed within at least one of the first main panel, second main panel, first minor panel, and second minor panel distal from a first end of the construct.
In another example, the removable portion is defined at least partially by a transverse tear line extending substantially across each of the first main panel, the second main panel, first minor panel, and second minor panel. The removable portion may include a grasping feature projecting from at least one of the first main panel and the second main panel distal from the fold lines adjoining the respective main panel to the first minor panel and the second minor panel. In one variation, the construct further includes a second removable portion adjacent to the first removable portion.
In a further example, the removable portion is defined at least partially by a transverse tear line extending substantially across at least the first main panel and the second main panel. The removable portion includes a grasping feature defined by a line of disruption in the second minor panel. In one variation, the line of disruption is a slit, and the slit defines a tab comprising a portion of the second minor panel.
In still another example, the removable portion is defined at least partially by a line of disruption extending obliquely across at least one of the first main panel, the second main panel, the first minor panel, and the second minor panel.
In yet another example, at least one of the fold lines adjoining the first main panel, the second main panel, the first minor panel, and the second minor panel is a tear line, and the removable portion is defined by at least one tear line that adjoins at least one of the first main panel and the second main panel to at least one of the first minor panel and the second minor panel.
In another aspect, the removable portion is defined by a line of disruption initiating and terminating proximate a first end of at least one of the adjoined panels. In one variation, the line of disruption initiates and terminates proximate the first end of the first main panel. The line of disruption may extend into the end panel and may define a tab.
If desired, the sleeve may be transformed into a container in which the food item can be positioned in an upright configuration for transportation and/or consumption. The container generally may include a pair of opposed main panels, a pair of opposed minor panels joined to the main panels along respective fold lines, and a pair of end panels collectively defining an interior space. The end panels may be folded toward the interior space in a superposed configuration. The container may be positioned in an upright configuration with the food item being supported by the end panels. If desired, the end panels may be configured to provide a base for the container that is larger than the opening, thereby providing greater stability of the container and the food item or items therein.
The container may include one or more removable portions that allow a user to reduce the size of, or alter the shape of, the container. The removable portion may be separated from the remainder of the construct as the food item is consumed to allow greater access to the food item. The removable portion may comprise the removable portion of the sleeve from which the container is formed, for example, as described herein or otherwise contemplated hereby.
Other features, aspects, and embodiments will be apparent from the following description and accompanying figures.
The description refers to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views, and in which:
The present invention may be illustrated further by referring to the figures. For purposes of simplicity, like numerals may be used to describe like features. It will be understood that where a plurality of similar features are depicted, not all of such features necessarily are labeled on each figure. It also will be understood that various components used to form the blanks and constructs of the present invention may be interchanged. Thus, while only certain combinations are illustrated herein, numerous other combinations and configurations are contemplated hereby.
Still viewing
The blank 100 includes partial end panels 118a, 118b respectively joined to panels 104a, 104b along respective curved fold line segments 120a, 120b. Each partial end panel 118a, 118b includes a respective end edge 122, 124 that extends in the second direction, a respective exterior edge 126, 128 that extends in the first direction between the respective fold line segment 120a, 120b and the respective end edge 122, 124, and a respective interior edge 130, 132 that extends obliquely between the respective fold line segment 120a, 120b and the respective end edge 122, 124. Edges 130, 132 form respective angles A1, A2 with respect to theoretical extensions of fold lines 110, 116 (shown with dashed lines in
The blank 100 also includes an end panel 136 joined to the main panel 102 along a substantially arcuate fold line 138. In this example, the end panel 136 is somewhat lentiform in shape (i.e., shaped like a biconvex lens), with an outwardly arcuate end edge 140 opposite arcuate fold line 138. In this example, the end panel 136 is asymmetrical or flared in shape, with a pair of side edges 142, 144 that extend divergently and obliquely from the endpoints of fold line 138 to the endpoints of end edge 140. However, more symmetrical end panels are contemplated. Edges 142, 144 form respective angles A3, A4 with respect to theoretical extensions of fold lines 112, 114 (shown with dashed lines in
In this and other aspects of the invention, it will be understood that other shapes for the end panel 136 and various other panels are contemplated. For example, any of the various panels may be oval, rectangular, square, diamond-shaped, trapezoidal, polygonal, or may be any other regular or irregular shape. It also is contemplated that fold line 138 and end edge 140 may have any suitable shape, for example, curved, V-shape, zigzag shape, or any other linear, curvilinear, symmetrical, or asymmetrical shape.
If desired, one or both of the first minor panel 106 and the second minor panel 108 may include respective longitudinal fold lines 148, 150. Fold line 148 divides minor panel 106 into two sections or segments, each having a length L1. Fold line 150 divides minor panel 108 into two sections or segments having differing lengths, L1 and L2, thereby defining a cutout 152. The length of minor panel 106 is approximately equal to the length of the portion of minor panel 108 that lies between fold line 150 and fold line 116.
In this example, longitudinal fold lines 148, 150 are slightly offset from the longitudinal centerline of respective panels 106, 108. Specifically, fold line 148 is slightly closer to fold line 112 and fold line 150 is slightly closer to fold line 114. By configuring the fold lines 148, 150 in this manner, when a construct 174 is formed from the blank 100 and substantially flattened by folding along fold lines 148, 150, the endpoints of edge 140 do not extend beyond fold lines 110 and 116 (best seen in
Returning to
Still viewing
If desired, a microwave energy interactive element 168 may overlie at least a portion of blank 100, as shown schematically by stippling in
Turning now to
It will be understood that, in some embodiments (not shown), the first major panel 104a (or simply “major panel”) may be dimensioned so that no additional major panel (e.g., the second major panel 104b) is needed to form the second main panel 104. In such an example, the major panel 104a may be folded over and glued to the respective minor panel using a glue flap or otherwise, such that the major panel 104a would serve as the second main panel 104. Further, it will be understood that although several exemplary blanks are illustrated herein, numerous other blanks may be used to form a construct according to the invention. Thus, the invention is not limited to blanks with the left-to-right arrangement of panels illustrated in the figures. Instead, a blank may have “leftmost” and “rightmost” panel (as viewed, for example, in the figures) comprising a main panel, a major panel, a minor panel, a glue flap, or any combination thereof.
The first minor panel 106 and second minor panel 108 form opposed side walls for the construct 170, which may be flattened partially (
To use the construct 170 according to one acceptable method, a food item (not shown) may be inserted through an open end 176 or 178, and the construct with the food item inside may be placed into a microwave oven (not shown). As the food item is heated, the susceptor 168 converts microwave energy to thermal energy, which generally enhances the browning and/or crisping of the surface of the food item. Since many food items have a somewhat irregular shape, it is contemplated that in this and other aspects of the invention, any of the panels, for example, the first main panel 102, the first major panel 104a, or the second major panel 104b, may include one or more fold lines, score lines, cut lines, cut crease lines, or other lines of disruption along all or a portion of the length or width thereof to accommodate the contours of the particular food item heated therein and to bring the susceptor 168 into closer proximity with the surface of the food item. Any steam generated during heating may be released through the open ends 176, 178 of the sleeve 170 and/or through apertures 154, 156.
After the item is heated sufficiently, the user may remove the food item and discard the construct 170. Alternatively, the user may fold end panels 118 and 136 towards the interior 180 of the sleeve 170 to form a container or construct 182 having an open end 176 and a closed end 178, as shown in
The container 182 may be used to support the food item in an upright configuration with the food item resting on the overlapped panels 118, 136, which collectively serve as a base for the container 182. This provides a convenient means for comfortably handling the heated food item. Tab 134 may be inserted into slit 146 to secure the end panels 118, 136 in a locked configuration.
As best illustrated in
As the food item is consumed, the construct 182 may begin to interfere with accessing the food item. If desired, the user may insert a finger or other implement into cutout 152, grasp tab 162, and begin to separate the removable portion 158 from the remainder of the construct 182 along tear lines 160, 166, as shown in
It will be understood that while the exemplary blank 100 of
The various blanks 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 include features that are similar to blank 100 shown in
Viewing
The removable portion 358 also includes a cutout 384 that partially defines edge 370. In this example, cutout 384 is somewhat arcuate in shape. As with the tab, the cutout may have any suitable shape as needed or desired, which may or may not correspond to the shape or dimensions of the tab. The removable portion 358 also includes a gluing area 386 adjacent the cutout 384. In the blank 300 shown in
The first and second removable portions 458a, 458b each include respective extensions or tabs 462a, 462b that partially define a peripheral edge 472 extending in the longitudinal direction. In this example, tabs 462a, 462b are substantially arcuate in shape. However, it will be understood that the extension may have any shape as needed or desired, such as those described above. Tear lines 466a, 466b extend from and may cooperate with tab 462a to facilitate removal of removable portion 458a. Likewise, tear lines 466c, 466d extend from and may cooperate with tab 462b to facilitate removal of removable portion 458b.
The first and second removable portions 458a, 458b each include a respective cutout 484a, 484b that partially define peripheral edge 470 extending in the longitudinal direction. In this example, cutouts 484a, 484b are substantially semi-circular or arcuate in shape. However, cutouts 484a, 484b may have any suitable shape as needed or desired, and may or may not correspond to the shape or dimensions of tabs 462a, 462b. The removable portions 458a, 458b also include respective gluing areas 486a, 486b adjacent to cutouts 484a, 484b. In this example, gluing areas 486a, 486b are shaped somewhat like an arch or bridge. However, the gluing areas may have any suitable shape as needed or desired.
The removable portion 558 includes a somewhat triangular tab 562 extending from the main panel 502. In this example, tab 562 comprises at least a portion of minor panel 508 and is defined by a somewhat arcuate or V-shaped cut line 588. However, it will be understood that the location and shape of tab 562 may vary for a particular application. Tear lines 566a, 566b extend from cut line 588 towards, and may abut, edge 564 and transverse tear line 560, respectively, and may cooperate with tab 562 to facilitate removal of the removable portion 558.
In this example, section 858a is joined to section 858b along oblique tear line 860a. Section 858b is joined to section 858c along an oblique tear line 860b. Section 858c is joined to section 858d along an oblique tear line 860c. In this example, tear lines 860a, 860b, 860c are substantially parallel. However, other configurations may be used with the invention. The various tear strip sections 858a, 858b, 858c, 858d and tear line segments 860a, 860b, 860c are positioned so that when the blank 800 is formed into a sleeve or other construct (not shown), the terminus of one section and corresponding tear line is the origin of the next. In this manner, a single, continuous tear strip may be formed along a substantially continuous oblique tear line (not shown).
The blank 800 includes a tab 862 or other grasping feature that facilitates initiation of a tear along tear line 860a. The tab 862 may have any suitable shape as desired. In this example, the tab 862 is shown as being a portion of the first major panel 804a. However, the tab 862 may be a portion of any of the various other panels, for example, panels 802, 806, 808, or 804b.
Any one or more of panels 902, 904a, 904b, 906, 908 may serve as a removable portion of the blank 900 or construct formed therefrom (not shown) by tearing at least partially along at least one of longitudinal tear lines 910, 912, 914, 916. For example, first major panel 904a may be separated at least partially from the remainder of the blank 900 by tearing along tear line 910. First minor panel 906 may be separated at least partially from the remainder of the blank 900 by tearing along tear line 910 and/or tear line 912. Main panel 902 may be separated at least partially from the remainder of the blank 900 by tearing along tear line 912 and/or tear line 914. Second minor panel 908 may be separated at least partially from the remainder of the blank 900 by tearing along tear line 914 and/or tear line 916. Second major panel 904b may be separated at least partially from the remainder of the blank 900 by tearing along tear line 916.
Tear lines 910, 912, 914, 916 also serve as fold lines in forming a construct (not shown). However, it is contemplated that the removable portion of the blank may be formed or defined by one or more lines of disruption that do not also serve as fold lines.
The first minor panel 906 and the second minor panel 908 include respective extensions or tabs 962a, 962b that extend beyond panels 902, 904a, 904b, such that the overall length L5 of each of minor panels 906, 908 including respective extensions 962a, 962b is greater than the length L6 of panels 902, 904a, 904b (measured at the longest point). In this example, tabs 962a, 962b are somewhat semi-circular or obround in shape. However, numerous other shapes are contemplated hereby, such as those described above. Either or both tabs 962a, 962b may be grasped by a user to facilitate separation of the construct (not shown) along one or more of tear lines 910, 912, 914, 916 to gain access to a food item (not shown) inside.
While the various blanks and constructs illustrated in
Numerous materials may be suitable for use in forming the various blanks and constructs of the invention, provided that the materials are resistant to softening, scorching, combusting, or degrading at typical microwave oven heating temperatures, for example, at from about 250° F. to about 425° F. The particular materials used may include microwave energy interactive materials and microwave energy transparent or inactive materials.
For example, any of the various blanks or constructs of the present invention may include one or more features that alter the effect of microwave energy during the heating or cooking of the food item. For example, the blank or construct may be formed at least partially from one or more microwave energy interactive elements (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “microwave interactive elements”) that promote browning and/or crisping of a particular area of the food item, shield a particular area of the food item from microwave energy to prevent overcooking thereof, or transmit microwave energy toward or away from a particular area of the food item. Each microwave interactive element comprises one or more microwave energy interactive materials or segments arranged in a particular configuration to absorb microwave energy, transmit microwave energy, reflect microwave energy, or direct microwave energy, as needed or desired for a particular microwave heating construct and food item.
The microwave interactive element may be supported on a microwave inactive or transparent substrate for ease of handling and/or to prevent contact between the microwave energy interactive material and the food item. As a matter of convenience and not limitation, and although it is understood that a microwave interactive element supported on a microwave transparent substrate includes both microwave interactive and microwave inactive elements or components, such constructs are referred to herein as “microwave interactive webs”.
The microwave energy interactive material may be an electroconductive or semiconductive material, for example, a metal or a metal alloy provided as a metal foil; a vacuum deposited metal or metal alloy; or a metallic ink, an organic ink, an inorganic ink, a metallic paste, an organic paste, an inorganic paste, or any combination thereof Examples of metals and metal alloys that may be suitable for use with the present invention include, but are not limited to, aluminum, chromium, copper, inconel alloys (nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy with niobium), iron, magnesium, nickel, stainless steel, tin, titanium, tungsten, and any combination or alloy thereof.
Alternatively, the microwave energy interactive material may comprise a metal oxide. Examples of metal oxides that may be suitable for use with the present invention include, but are not limited to, oxides of aluminum, iron, and tin, used in conjunction with an electrically conductive material where needed. Another example of a metal oxide that may be suitable for use with the present invention is indium tin oxide (ITO). ITO can be used as a microwave energy interactive material to provide a heating effect, a shielding effect, a browning and/or crisping effect, or a combination thereof. For example, to form a susceptor, ITO may be sputtered onto a clear polymer film. The sputtering process typically occurs at a lower temperature than the evaporative deposition process used for metal deposition. ITO has a more uniform crystal structure and, therefore, is clear at most coating thicknesses. Additionally, ITO can be used for either heating or field management effects. ITO also may have fewer defects than metals, thereby making thick coatings of ITO more suitable for field management than thick coatings of metals, such as aluminum.
Alternatively, the microwave energy interactive material may comprise a suitable electroconductive, semiconductive, or non-conductive artificial dielectric or ferroelectric. Artificial dielectrics comprise conductive, subdivided material in a polymeric or other suitable matrix or binder, and may include flakes of an electroconductive metal, for example, aluminum.
In one example, the microwave interactive element may comprise a thin layer of microwave interactive material (generally less than about 100 angstroms in thickness, for example, from about 60 to about 100 angstroms in thickness) that tends to absorb at least a portion of impinging microwave energy and convert it to thermal energy (i.e., heat) at the interface with a food item. Such elements often are used to promote browning and/or crisping of the surface of a food item (sometimes referred to as a “browning and/or crisping element”). When supported on a film or other substrate, such an element may be referred to as a “susceptor film” or, simply, “susceptor”. Where the substrate is a blank, carton, or other construct including a plurality of panels, a susceptor may overlie all or a portion of one or more of the panels, as illustrated schematically in
For example, the microwave interactive element may comprise a foil having a thickness sufficient to shield one or more selected portions of the food item from microwave energy (sometimes referred to as a “shielding element”). Such shielding elements may be used where the food item is prone to scorching or drying out during heating. The shielding element may be formed from various materials and may have various configurations, depending on the particular application for which the shielding element is used. Typically, the shielding element is formed from a conductive, reflective metal or metal alloy, for example, aluminum, copper, or stainless steel. The shielding element generally may have a thickness of from about 0.000285 inches to about 0.05 inches. In one aspect, the shielding element has a thickness of from about 0.0003 inches to about 0.03 inches. In another aspect, the shielding element has a thickness of from about 0.00035 inches to about 0.020 inches, for example, 0.016 inches.
As still another example, the microwave interactive element may comprise a segmented foil, such as, but not limited to, those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,204,492, 6,433,322, 6,552,315, and 6,677,563, each of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. Although segmented foils are not continuous, appropriately spaced groupings of such segments may act as a transmitting element to direct microwave energy to specific areas of the food item. Such foils also may be used in combination with browning and/or crisping elements, for example, susceptors.
Any of the numerous microwave interactive elements described herein or contemplated hereby may be substantially continuous, that is, without substantial breaks or interruptions, or may be discontinuous, for example, by including one or more breaks or apertures that transmit microwave energy therethrough. The breaks or apertures may be sized and/or positioned to heat particular areas of the food item selectively. As stated previously, the number, shape, size, and positioning of such breaks or apertures may vary for a particular application depending on type of construct being formed, the food item to be heated therein or thereon, the desired degree of shielding, browning, and/or crisping, whether direct exposure to microwave energy is needed or desired to attain uniform heating of the food item, the need for regulating the change in temperature of the food item through direct heating, whether and to what extent there is a need for venting, and numerous other factors.
It will be understood that the aperture may be a physical aperture or void in the material used to form the construct, or may be a non-physical “aperture”. A non-physical aperture may be a portion of the construct that is microwave energy inactive by deactivation or otherwise, or one that is otherwise transparent to microwave energy. Thus, for example, the aperture may be a portion of the construct formed without a microwave energy interactive material or, alternatively, may be a portion of the construct formed with a microwave energy interactive material that has been deactivated. While both physical and non-physical apertures allow the food item to be heated directly by the microwave energy, a physical aperture also provides a venting function to allow steam or other vapors to be released from the food item.
It also may be beneficial to create one or more discontinuities or inactive regions to prevent overheating or charring of the construct. By way of example, and not limitation, in the constructs 174, 182 illustrated in
Further still, one or more panels, portions of panels, or portions of the construct may be designed to be microwave energy inactive to ensure that the microwave energy is focused efficiently on the areas to be browned and/or crisped, rather than being lost to portions of the food item not intended to be browned and/or crisped or to the heating environment.
As stated above, any of the above elements and numerous others contemplated hereby may be supported on a substrate. The substrate typically comprises an electrical insulator, for example, a polymer film or other polymeric material. As used herein the terms “polymer”, “polymer film”, and “polymeric material” include, but are not limited to, homopolymers, copolymers, such as for example, block, graft, random, and alternating copolymers, terpolymers, etc. and blends and modifications thereof. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically limited, the term “polymer” shall include all possible geometrical configurations of the molecule. These configurations include, but are not limited to isotactic, syndiotactic, and random symmetries.
The thickness of the film typically may be from about 35 gauge to about 10 mil. In one aspect, the thickness of the film is from about 40 to about 80 gauge. In another aspect, the thickness of the film is from about 45 to about 50 gauge. In still another aspect, the thickness of the film is about 48 gauge. Examples of polymer films that may be suitable include, but are not limited to, polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, polyimides, polysulfones, polyether ketones, cellophanes, or any combination thereof. Other non-conducting substrate materials such as paper and paper laminates, metal oxides, silicates, cellulosics, or any combination thereof, also may be used.
In one example, the polymer film comprises polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyethylene terephthalate films are used in commercially available susceptors, for example, the QWIKWAVE® Focus susceptor and the MICRORITE® susceptor, both available from Graphic Packaging International (Marietta, Ga.). Examples of polyethylene terephthalate films that may be suitable for use as the substrate include, but are not limited to, MELINEX®, commercially available from DuPont Teijan Films (Hopewell, Va.), SKYROL, commercially available from SKC, Inc. (Covington, Ga.), and BARRIALOX PET, available from Toray Films (Front Royal, Va.), and QU50 High Barrier Coated PET, available from Toray Films (Front Royal, Va.).
The polymer film may be selected to impart various properties to the microwave interactive web, for example, printability, heat resistance, or any other property. As one particular example, the polymer film may be selected to provide a water barrier, oxygen barrier, or a combination thereof. Such barrier film layers may be formed from a polymer film having barrier properties or from any other barrier layer or coating as desired. Suitable polymer films may include, but are not limited to, ethylene vinyl alcohol, barrier nylon, polyvinylidene chloride, barrier fluoropolymer, nylon 6, nylon 6,6, coextruded nylon 6/EVOH/nylon 6, silicon oxide coated film, barrier polyethylene terephthalate, or any combination thereof.
One example of a barrier film that may be suitable for use with the present invention is CAPRAN® EMBLEM 1200M nylon 6, commercially available from Honeywell International (Pottsville, Pa.). Another example of a barrier film that may be suitable is CAPRAN® OXYSHIELD OBS monoaxially oriented coextruded nylon 6/ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH)/nylon 6, also commercially available from Honeywell International. Yet another example of a barrier film that may be suitable for use with the present invention is DARTEK® N-201 nylon 6,6, commercially available from Enhance Packaging Technologies (Webster, N.Y.). Additional examples include BARRIALOX PET, available from Toray Films (Front Royal, Va.) and QU50 High Barrier Coated PET, available from Toray Films (Front Royal, Va.), referred to above.
Still other barrier films include silicon oxide coated films, such as those available from Sheldahl Films (Northfield, Minn.). Thus, in one example, a susceptor may have a structure including a film, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, with a layer of silicon oxide coated onto the film, and ITO or other material deposited over the silicon oxide. If needed or desired, additional layers or coatings may be provided to shield the individual layers from damage during processing.
The barrier film may have an oxygen transmission rate (OTR) as measured using ASTM D3985 of less than about 20 cc/m2/day. In one aspect, the barrier film has an OTR of less than about 10 cc/m2/day. In another aspect, the barrier film has an OTR of less than about 1 cc/m2/day. In still another aspect, the barrier film has an OTR of less than about 0.5 cc/m2/day. In yet another aspect, the barrier film has an OTR of less than about 0.1 cc/m2/day.
The barrier film may have a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of less than about 100 g/m2/day as measured using ASTM F1249. In one aspect, the barrier film has a WVTR of less than about 50 g/m2/day. In another aspect, the barrier film has a WVTR of less than about 15 g/m2/day. In yet another aspect, the barrier film has a WVTR of less than about 1 g/m2/day. In still another aspect, the barrier film has a WVTR of less than about 0.1 g/m2/day. In a still further aspect, the barrier film has a WVTR of less than about 0.05 g/m2/day.
Other non-conducting substrate materials such as metal oxides, silicates, cellulosics, or any combination thereof, also may be used in accordance with the present invention.
The microwave energy interactive material may be applied to the substrate in any suitable manner, and in some instances, the microwave energy interactive material is printed on, extruded onto, sputtered onto, evaporated on, or laminated to the substrate. The microwave energy interactive material may be applied to the substrate in any pattern, and using any technique, to achieve the desired heating effect of the food item. For example, the microwave energy interactive material may be provided as a continuous or discontinuous layer or coating including circles, loops, hexagons, islands, squares, rectangles, octagons, and so forth. Examples of various patterns and methods that may be suitable for use with the present invention are provided in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,765,182; 6,717,121; 6,677,563; 6,552,315; 6,455,827; 6,433,322; 6,410,290; 6,251,451; 6,204,492; 6,150,646; 6,114,679; 5,800,724; 5,759,418; 5,672,407; 5,628,921; 5,519,195; 5,420,517; 5,410,135; 5,354,973; 5,340,436; 5,266,386; 5,260,537; 5,221,419; 5,213,902; 5,117,078; 5,039,364; 4,963,420; 4,936,935; 4,890,439; 4,775,771; 4,865,921; and Re. 34,683, each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. Although particular examples of patterns of microwave energy interactive material are shown and described herein, it should be understood that other patterns of microwave energy interactive material are contemplated by the present invention.
The microwave interactive element or microwave interactive web may be joined to or overlie a dimensionally stable, microwave energy transparent support (also referred to as “microwave transparent support”, “microwave inactive support” or “support”) to form at least a portion of the construct.
In one aspect, for example, where a rigid or semi-rigid construct is to be formed, all or a portion of the support may be formed at least partially from a paperboard material, which may be cut into a blank prior to use in the construct. For example, the support may be formed from paperboard having a basis weight of from about 60 to about 330 lbs/ream, for example, from about 80 to about 140 lbs/ream. The paperboard generally may have a thickness of from about 6 to about 30 mils, for example, from about 12 to about 28 mils. In one particular example, the paperboard has a thickness of about 12 mils. Any suitable paperboard may be used, for example, a solid bleached or solid unbleached sulfate board, such as SUS® board, commercially available from Graphic Packaging International.
In another aspect, where a more flexible construct is to be formed, the support may comprise a paper or paper-based material generally having a basis weight of from about 15 to about 60 lbs/ream, for example, from about 20 to about 40 lbs/ream. In one particular example, the paper has a basis weight of about 25 lbs/ream.
Optionally, one or more portions or sides of the various blanks or other constructs described herein or contemplated hereby may be coated with varnish, clay, or other materials, either alone or in combination. For example, at least the side of the support that will form an exterior surface of a construct erected therefrom may be coated with a clay coating or other base coating. The coating may then be printed over with product advertising, images, price coding, any other information or indicia, or any combination thereof. The blank or construct may then be overcoated with a varnish to protect any information printed thereon.
Furthermore, the blanks or other constructs may be coated with, for example, a moisture and/or oxygen barrier layer, on either or both sides, such as those described above. Any suitable moisture and/or oxygen barrier material may be used in accordance with the present invention. Examples of materials that may be suitable include, but are not limited to, polyvinylidene chloride, ethylene vinyl alcohol, DuPont DARTEK™ nylon 6,6, and others referred to above.
Alternatively or additionally, any of the blanks or other constructs of the present invention may be coated or laminated with other materials to impart other properties, such as absorbency, repellency, opacity, color, printability, stiffness, or cushioning. For example, absorbent susceptors are described in U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/604,637, filed Aug. 25, 2004, and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2006/0049190 A1, published Mar. 9, 2006, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Additionally, the blanks or other constructs may include graphics or indicia printed thereon.
It will be understood that with some combinations of elements and materials, the microwave interactive element may have a grey or silver color that is visually distinguishable from the substrate or the support. However, in some instances, it may be desirable to provide a web or construct having a uniform color and/or appearance. Such a web or construct may be more aesthetically pleasing to a consumer, particularly when the consumer is accustomed to packages or containers having certain visual attributes, for example, a solid color, a particular pattern, and so on. Thus, for example, the present invention contemplates using a silver or grey toned adhesive to join the microwave interactive elements to the substrate, using a silver or grey toned substrate to mask the presence of the silver or grey toned microwave interactive element, using a dark toned substrate, for example, a black toned substrate, to conceal the presence of the silver or grey toned microwave interactive element, overprinting the metallized side of the web with a silver or grey toned ink to obscure the color variation, printing the non-metallized side of the web with a silver or grey ink or other concealing color in a suitable pattern or as a solid color layer to mask or conceal the presence of the microwave interactive element, or any other suitable technique or combination thereof.
In the examples shown herein, the construct is somewhat rectangular in shape, suitable, for example, for heating a sandwich or breakfast pastry therein. However, it will be understood that in this and other aspects of the invention described herein or contemplated hereby, numerous suitable shapes and configurations may be used to form the various panels and, therefore, constructs. Examples of other shapes encompassed hereby include, but are not limited to, polygons, circles, ovals, cylinders, prisms, spheres, polyhedrons, and ellipsoids. The shape of each panel may be determined largely by the shape of the food item, and it should be understood that different packages are contemplated for different food items, for example, sandwiches, pizzas, French fries, soft pretzels, pizza bites, cheese sticks, pastries, doughs, and so forth. The construct may be flexible, semi-rigid, rigid, or may include a variety of components having different degrees of flexibility. Likewise, the construct may include gussets, pleats, or any other feature needed or desired to accommodate a particular food item and/or portion size. Additionally, it will be understood that the present invention contemplates blanks and constructs for single-serving portions and for multiple-serving portions.
Although certain embodiments of this invention have been described with a certain degree of particularity, those skilled in the art could make numerous alterations to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention. All directional references (e.g., upper, lower, upward, downward, left, right, leftward, rightward, top, bottom, above, below, vertical, horizontal, clockwise, and counterclockwise) are used only for identification purposes to aid the reader's understanding of the various embodiments of the present invention, and do not create limitations, particularly as to the position, orientation, or use of the invention unless specifically set forth in the claims. Joinder references (e.g., joined, attached, coupled, connected, and the like) are to be construed broadly and may include intermediate members between a connection of elements and relative movement between elements. As such, joinder references do not necessarily imply that two elements are connected directly and in fixed relation to each other.
It will be understood that in each of the various blanks and trays described herein and contemplated hereby, a “fold line” can be any substantially linear, although not necessarily straight, form of weakening that facilitates folding therealong. More specifically, but not for the purpose of narrowing the scope of the present invention, a fold line may be a score line, such as lines formed with a blunt scoring knife, or the like, which creates a crushed portion in the material along the desired line of weakness, a cut that extends partially into a material along the desired line of weakness, and/or a series of cuts that extend partially into and/or completely through the material along the desired line of weakness; or any combination of these features.
For example, one type of conventional tear line is in the form of a series of cuts that extend completely through the material, with adjacent cuts being spaced apart slightly so that a nick (e.g., a small somewhat bridging-like piece of the material) is defined between the adjacent cuts for typically temporarily connecting the material across the tear line. The nicks are broken during tearing along the tear line. Such a tear line that includes nicks can also be referred to as a cut line, since the nicks typically are a relatively small percentage of the subject line, and alternatively the nicks can be omitted from such a cut line.
Furthermore, various exemplary blanks and constructs are shown and described herein as having fold lines, tear lines, score lines, cut lines, kiss cut lines, and other lines as extending from a particular feature to another particular feature, for example from one particular panel to another, from one particular edge to another, or any combination thereof. However, it will be understood that such lines need not necessarily extend between such features in a precise manner. Instead, such lines may generally extend between the various features as needed to achieve the objective of such line. For instance, where a particular tear line is shown as extending from a first edge of a blank to another edge of the blank, the tear line need not extend completely to one or both of such edges. Rather, the tear line need only extend to a location sufficiently proximate to the edge so that the removable strip, panel, or portion can be manually separated from the blank or construct without causing undesirable damage thereto.
Accordingly, it will be readily understood by those persons skilled in the art that, in view of the above detailed description of the invention, the present invention is susceptible of broad utility and application. Many adaptations of the present invention other than those herein described, as well as many variations, modifications, and equivalent arrangements will be apparent from or reasonably suggested by the present invention and the above detailed description thereof, without departing from the substance or scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.
While the present invention is described herein in detail in relation to specific aspects, it is to be understood that this detailed description is only illustrative and exemplary of the present invention and is made merely for purposes of providing a full and enabling disclosure of the present invention and to provide the best mode contemplated by the inventor or inventors of carrying out the invention. The detailed description set forth herein is not intended nor is to be construed to limit the present invention or otherwise to exclude any such other embodiments, adaptations, variations, modifications, and equivalent arrangements of the present invention.
This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/US08/050578, filed Jan. 9, 2008, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/964,655, filed Aug. 13, 2007, both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1516090 | Gary et al. | Nov 1924 | A |
| 2132966 | O'Brien | Nov 1938 | A |
| 3240419 | Spiering et al. | Mar 1966 | A |
| 3324998 | Farquhar | Jun 1967 | A |
| 3637130 | Farquhar | Jan 1972 | A |
| 4228945 | Wysocki | Oct 1980 | A |
| 4775771 | Pawlowski | Oct 1988 | A |
| 4865921 | Hollenberg | Sep 1989 | A |
| 4890439 | Smart | Jan 1990 | A |
| 4919785 | Willey et al. | Apr 1990 | A |
| 4936935 | Beckett | Jun 1990 | A |
| 4963424 | Beckett | Oct 1990 | A |
| 5034234 | Andreas et al. | Jul 1991 | A |
| 5071062 | Bradley et al. | Dec 1991 | A |
| 5078273 | Kuchenbecker | Jan 1992 | A |
| 5093364 | Richards | Mar 1992 | A |
| 5096723 | Turpin | Mar 1992 | A |
| 5117078 | Beckett | May 1992 | A |
| 5175404 | Andreas et al. | Dec 1992 | A |
| 5213902 | Beckett | May 1993 | A |
| 5221419 | Beckett | Jun 1993 | A |
| 5260537 | Beckett | Nov 1993 | A |
| 5266386 | Beckett | Nov 1993 | A |
| RE34683 | Maynard | Aug 1994 | E |
| 5340436 | Beckett | Aug 1994 | A |
| 5354973 | Beckett | Oct 1994 | A |
| 5410135 | Pollart | Apr 1995 | A |
| 5424517 | Habeger | Jun 1995 | A |
| 5484100 | Rigby | Jan 1996 | A |
| 5510132 | Gallo, Jr. | Apr 1996 | A |
| 5519195 | Keefer | May 1996 | A |
| 5585027 | Young | Dec 1996 | A |
| 5628921 | Beckett | May 1997 | A |
| 5672407 | Beckett | Sep 1997 | A |
| 5688427 | Gallo, Jr. | Nov 1997 | A |
| 5759422 | Schmelzer | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5800724 | Habeger | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5938110 | Bernstein | Aug 1999 | A |
| 6063415 | Walters | May 2000 | A |
| 6114679 | Lai | Sep 2000 | A |
| 6150646 | Lai et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6204492 | Zeng et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6251451 | Zeng | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6414290 | Cole | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6433322 | Zeng et al. | Aug 2002 | B2 |
| 6455827 | Zeng | Sep 2002 | B2 |
| 6552315 | Zeng et al. | Apr 2003 | B2 |
| 6677563 | Lai | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6683289 | Whitmore et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6717121 | Zeng | Apr 2004 | B2 |
| 6744028 | Chisholm et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
| 6765182 | Cole | Jul 2004 | B2 |
| 7414230 | Fitzwater | Aug 2008 | B2 |
| 7473875 | Fitzwater | Jan 2009 | B2 |
| 7667167 | Fitzwater | Feb 2010 | B2 |
| 7893389 | Fitzwater | Feb 2011 | B2 |
| 7982167 | Fitzwater | Jul 2011 | B2 |
| 20030080120 | Whitmore et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
| 20030206997 | Winkelman et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20040101605 | Sigel | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20050284865 | Fogle et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20060049190 | Middleton | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060096978 | Lafferty et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
| 20060113300 | Wnek et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20070131742 | Fitzwater | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070131743 | Fitzwater | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070131744 | Fitzwater | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070131745 | Fitzwater | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070138247 | Fitzwater | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20080308614 | Fitzwater | Dec 2008 | A1 |
| 20090039077 | Fitzwater | Feb 2009 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2 586 472 | May 2006 | CA |
| 203 00 817 | Apr 2003 | DE |
| 1 452 458 | Sep 2004 | EP |
| 2 516 481 | May 1983 | FR |
| 2 665 882 | Feb 1992 | FR |
| 2 687 384 | Aug 1993 | FR |
| 2 365 000 | Feb 2002 | GB |
| 2365000 | Feb 2002 | GB |
| 2004 224402 | Aug 2004 | JP |
| WO 2006052326 | May 2006 | WO |
| WO 2007067705 | Jun 2007 | WO |
| WO 2009023286 | Feb 2009 | WO |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20100193509 A1 | Aug 2010 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60964655 | Aug 2007 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/US2008/050578 | Jan 2008 | US |
| Child | 12658556 | US |
