Pad for an ironing surface and method of making the same

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 6769205
  • Patent Number
    6,769,205
  • Date Filed
    Friday, January 24, 2003
    21 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, August 3, 2004
    20 years ago
Abstract
An ironing board pad having a plurality of fibrous elements arranged adjacently and held together by a web with a plurality of loops forming a network to hold the fibrous elements in compressive adjacent relation to one another, the web being made of a heat resistant material.
Description




BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION




1. Field of the Invention




The present invention relates to the field of ironing board pads and a method for constructing an ironing board pad, and more particularly, to an improved ironing board pad which has improved resistance to wrinkling, and improved heat retaining properties.




2. Brief Description of the Related Art




The use of ironing board apparatus is well known in the art. Typically, an ironing board is constructed by providing a surface which supports garments during ironing. The ironing board surface generally is covered. Ironing board covers typically consist of a padding underlying layer and a fabric top layer. The underlayer comes in contact with the ironing board surface, whereas the top layer comprises the ironing surface and comes into contact with the clothing articles placed thereon. Known ironing board covers employ heat resistant fabrics. The underlying layer is sometimes referred to as a pad, which is separately provided. However, in other instances, for example, the padding layer may be joined with the top layer by an adhesive. One example of an ironing board cover is shown in U.S. Pat. 3,911,603, where a padding layer is sized the same as the board to be covered and the fabric layer is larger than the padding layer so that a marginal integral skirt is defined between the edges of the padding and the edge of the fabric layer. Alternately, the padding layer can be coextensive with the fabric layer.




Generally, the shape of the ironing board cover is configured to match the shape of the ironing board. The shape of the ironing board cover is for the most part oversized to cover the ends and edges of the board. The ironing board cover generally is folded around the edges of the board. The cover is usually held onto the board with drawstrings which are located on the margin of the cover and can be drawn to secure the cover on the board.




When a garment article is ironed, a force is generally applied to press out wrinkles. The force is a compressive force exerted by an iron which presses the garment on the cover. Often, the force exerted on the ironing board cover can cause wrinkling of the cover. Either the top fabric layer, or the underlying layer, such as a padding layer, can become dislodged or bunched during ironing. The problem of resistance to wrinkling and improved burst strength was recognized in U.S. Pat. No.5,894,690, for a “Reinforced Ironing Board Cover”, issued on Apr. 20, 1999 to David Lehrman. The '690 patent provides a cover comprising a layer of fabric, a layer of padding, and a thermoplastic polymer sheet there between.




When ironing garments, it is desirable to have steam freely pass through the garment and the cover on the ironing board and into the underlying pad. The free passage of the steam allows circulation of the steam and facilitates ironing of the garment. U.S. Pat. No. 5,371,961 for a “Pad and Sheet Tacking in Ironing Board Cover”




U.S. Pat. No. 3,049,826 for an “Ironing Board Cover” provides an asbestos-impregnated woven textile.




U.S. Pat. No. 4,043,062 discloses an ironing pad for table-top use. A skid resistant coating is included on the widerside of the pad, but not on the ironing surface. U.S. Pat. No. 4,360,984 discloses a similar table-top ironing pad having a cotton cover coated with a synthetic resin, but the resin is intended to improve heat resistance and minimize, rather than maximize, friction between the ironed articles and the pad.




However, certain prior art covers have been found to have other problems, such as failing to protect against slippage of articles placed thereon during ironing.




U.S. Pat. No. 4,603,494 for a “Non-Skid Ironing Board Cover” attempts to provide a skid-resistant type ironing board.




The prior art recognizes certain drawbacks known to occur with ironing board covers, such as slippage of garments from the top cover, bunching of the covers while ironing, as well heat loss. However, there is still a need for an improved ironing board cover, which facilitates pressing of garments, and which avoids the drawbacks of the prior covers used in the past.




SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION




The present invention provides a pad for an ironing board surface and a method for making an improved pad. The pad is constructed from a heat resistant material. Preferably, cotton is used. The pad is configured from an arrangement of the cotton material. The pad also has pockets, straps or other suitable elements for attachment of the pad to an ironing board. The pad is configured to prevent wrinkling of the pad during ironing and to improve the heat transfer to the garment from the pressing device or iron.




It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel ironing board pad which has improved resistance to wrinkling and bunching during ironing.




It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel ironing board pad which has improved ability to retain heat on the surface of the pad.




It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel ironing board pad which facilitates the prevention of grid lines or other patterns of the ironing board surface being impressed into garments ironed with the use of the pad installed on the board surface.




It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for making an ironing board pad having improved resistance to wrinkling and bunching during ironing.




It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for making an ironing board pad having improved ability to retain heat on the surface of the pad.











BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES





FIG. 1

is a perspective view of a first embodiment of an ironing board pad constructed in accordance with the present invention.





FIG. 2

is an enlarged top plan view of a portion of the pad represented in the circled area of FIG.


1


.





FIG. 3

is an enlarged partial sectional view of the ironing board pad shown in

FIGS. 1 and 2

, taken along the line


3





3


of

FIG. 2

, and viewed from the front of the pad.





FIG. 4

is an enlarged partial sectional view of the ironing board pad shown in

FIGS. 1-3

, taken along the line


4





4


of FIG.


2


and viewed from the left side of the pad.





FIG. 5



a


is an enlarged top plan view of a section of the ironing board pad of

FIG. 1

, showing the weave configuration.





FIG. 5



b


is an enlarged bottom plan view of a section of the ironing board pad of

FIG. 1

, showing the weave configuration.











DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS




Reference now being made to the drawings, an ironing board pad


10


constructed in accordance with the present invention is shown. The ironing board pad


10


has attachment means for attaching the pad


10


to an ironing board


100


. The pad


10


has a binding


11


disposed on its edges. Preferably, the binding


11


is comprised of a heat resistant material, which can be cotton.




The attachment means can comprise any suitable means for attaching the pad


10


to an ironing board


100


. The ironing board


100


has foldable legs


110


for supporting the board surface. In the preferred embodiment of the pad


10


shown in

FIG. 1

, the attachment means comprises pockets


13


,


14


, and


15


. The front pocket


13


is provided on the bottom of the pad


10


to secure the pad


10


to the front end


101


of an ironing board


100


by fitting over the board front end


101


. The rear pockets include a first rear pocket


14


and a second rear pocket


15


which are provided on the bottom of the pad


10


for securing the pad


10


to the back end


102


of an ironing board


100


. The back end


102


of the ironing board


100


generally has two corners


103


,


104


to which the rear pockets


14


,


15


attach. Preferably, the pockets


13


,


14


, and


15


are formed from a material which is attached to the bottom of the pad


10


, preferably at the perimeter thereof As shown in

FIG. 1

, the pockets


13


,


14


, and


15


are secured along the edge of the pad


10


with the binding


11


, with at least one side of each pocket


13


,


14


,


15


being free to provide an opening for receipt of a respective board end


101


,


102


therein. The pad


10


is positioned over an end of the ironing board


100


, either the front end


101


or back end


102


, so that at least one board end is received in its corresponding pocket, either the front pocket


13


, or the first and second rear pockets


14


and


15


. Once one end of the board


100


is positioned in a pocket, the pad


10


is stretched to fit the remaining pocket or pockets on the opposite board end. It is preferred that there be some tension when, the pad


10


is installed on the board


100


to facilitate retention of the pad


10


on the board


100


during ironing.




While the attachment means is shown comprising pockets


13


,


14


, and


15


, it will be understood that the attachment means can comprise any suitable means for securing the pad


10


to an ironing board, such as a drawstring, band or the like.




The pad


10


is preferably comprised of a fibrous material which is heat resistant. Preferably, the fibrous material comprises cotton. Cotton is heat resistant and withstands the high temperatures encountered by the iron and steam generated from the iron. The cotton composing material is preferably configured in an arrangement, as shown in FIG.


3


. Preferably, the pad


10


is comprised of a plurality of fibrous elements or slivers


20


comprising fibrous material. The slivers


20


are arranged adjacently, and, as shown, may be transversely provided in relation to the length of the pad


10


. Each sliver


20


is preferably comprised of a densely compressed filament or fiber, such as cotton. The compressed cotton sliver


20


is held in place by a web


30


. The sliver


20


generally is provided having a larger preassembly volume than its final volume when assembled to form the pad


10


. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sliver


20


is positioned to be held by the web


30


, and undergoes compression, or further compression when it is assembled to form the pad


10


. For example, the sliver


20


may be positioned on a loom (not shown) and thread woven to form the network of loops


33


to hold the sliver


20


, and additional slivers


20


to form the pad


10


.




Preferably, the pad


10


has a front end, a rear end, a top surface and a bottom surface, with the fibrous elements or sliver


20


being arranged to form the pad


10


. Preferably, the fibrous elements or slivers


20


are disposed in adjacent relation to one another and are arranged transversely between the front end and rear end of the pad


10


, as shown in FIG.


1


. In the preferred embodiment shown, the slivers


20


span between the right side of the pad


10


and the left side of the pad


10


.




The web


30


comprises a plurality of loops


33


forming a network to hold the fibrous elements or slivers


20


in compressive adjacent relation to one another. In

FIGS. 2

,


5




a


and


5




b


a plurality of slivers


20


is shown, each being adjacently disposed to another. The web


30


is comprised of a heat resistant material since it is subject to the heat which the slivers


20


also encounter. The web


30


preferably is configured from a longitudinal weave of loops


33


which lasso and hold the slivers


20


in adjacent relation to one another. The loops


33


also are maintained to apply a force to constrict the fibrous sliver elements


20


and maintain them in a compressed condition. The density of the slivers


20


is facilitated by the compression of the web


30


against the slivers


20


. The web


30


preferably is constructed from a network of threads which are woven to form a plurality of loops


33


. Referring to

FIGS. 3 and 4

, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, the strand portions forming each loop


33


partially or completely encircle a fibrous element or sliver


20


to facilitate holding the slivers


20


.




Referring to

FIGS. 5



a


and


5




b,


the loops


33


preferably are longitudinally disposed and are spaced apart from each other both adjacently, and longitudinally where loops


33


interconnect with each other. In accordance with the preferred embodiment, each loop, such as, for example, the loop identified as a first upper loop


33




a,


preferably engages with longitudinally proximate second and third upper loops


33




b


and


33




c.


As shown, preferably, there is formed a first series of loops


33


′ which includes the longitudinally disposed loops


33




a,




33




b


and


33




c,


and spans longitudinally from one end of the pad


10


to the other end of the pad


10


.




A preferred configuration of loops


33


is illustrated in the drawing figures. The slivers


20


preferably are arranged in transverse relation to the longitudinally positioned loops


33


. Each longitudinal series of loops, such as for example the first series of loops


33


′, is spaced from an adjacent longitudinal series of loops, such as for example, the second series of loops


33


″, the third series of loops


33


″′, to form the web


30


.




The loops


33


are configured to lasso the silvers


20


. In a preferred embodiment, illustrated in the drawing figures, a loop


33


is formed by a strand of a heat resistant line or thread. An example of a loop


33




a


is shown and described, and it will be understood that other loops forming the web


30


can comprise the same configuration as that discussed in relation to the loop


33




a.


The first loop


33




a


engages a serially successive loop


33




b


which, together with other loops, form the web network. The loops


33




a


and


33




b


are tightened to compress the sliver


20




a


and maintain the sliver


20




a


in its compressed condition. The other loops


33


are also compressed by tightening when the pad


10


is formed to maintain the slivers


20


in compression. The tightening of the loops


33


is preferably, may be done as the pad


10


is being constructed, such that, for example, as each sliver


20


is positioned for addition to the pad


10


being formed, the loops


33


holding the sliver


20


are tensioned with a suitable tensioning device, such as a loom or knitting apparatus.




Referring to

FIG. 5



a,


the top of the pad


10


is shown. Each loop


33


, such as is illustrated by the upper loop


33




a,


is shown lassoing a serially next longitudinal loop


33


, such as the loop


33




c.


The upper loops


33




a


and


33




c


engage and are hooked proximate to the intersection of two adjacent slivers


20




a,




20




c.


Similarly, the second upper loop


33




b


links with the first upper loop


33




a


over the intersection location of the adjacent slivers


20




a,




20




b.






The bottom of the pad


10


is illustrated in

FIG. 5



b


. A plurality of lower loops also comprise the web


30


, such as for example the first and second lower loops


33




d


and


33




e


, respectively, which are shown in a preferred configuration hooked in a linking engagement with the linking intersection positioned over the center of a sliver


20


. This offsetting of the lower loop intersections relative to a sliver and relative to upper loop intersections, as illustrated with respect to the engaging portions of the lower loops


33




d


and


33




e,


facilitates compression and the retention of compressive forces to maintain the pad


10


, including when the pad


10


is used with an iron. For example, the handling of forces exerted by ironing an article of clothing, especially when moving an iron across the pad


10


(or cover thereon), is facilitated by the web


30


and arrangement of the slivers


20


in compression with the loops


33


, and is further facilitated by the positioning of the loops, such as those upper loops


33




a


,


33




b


,


33




c


illustrated in

FIG. 5



a


positioned at the intersection of the slivers


20




a


and


20




b


, and


20




a


and


20




c


, respectively; and those lower loops


33




d


and


33




e


shown in

FIG. 5



b.






The loops


33




d


and


33




e


preferably may be formed from a continuation of the thread or threads which form the upper loops, such as those upper loops


33




a


and


33




b


shown in

FIG. 5



a.


The compression of the web


30


on the slivers


20


is facilitated by the formation of the loops


33


. For example, the tensioning of a thread or threads forming the loops


33


facilitates compression of the slivers


20


by tightening the web


30


.





FIG. 5



b


shows the underside or bottom


5




l


of the pad


10


in a partial view enlarged to show the web


30


. The web


30


is shown holding and maintaining the slivers


20


in a compressed condition. The web


30


is illustrated constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention wherein a plurality of longitudinal lower loops, including for example those


33




d


,


33




e


,


33




f


,


33




g


, and


33




h


, are arranged in substantially perpendicular relation to the slivers


20


. The slivers


20


are transversely disposed in relation to the pad length.




Referring to the top view of the pad


10


shown in

FIG. 5



a


, there is illustrated a plurality of formed loops


33


which are interconnected with successive loops


33


to form a network or web


30


. Preferably, the loops


33


are formed by the thread which is woven in the configuration shown and is disposed on opposite sides of a sliver


20


so that the thread partially or fully is encircles the sliver


20


and holds the sliver


20


. Referring to

FIG. 4

, the feature is illustrated where a plurality of adjacent slivers


20


are held by threads forming the web


30


.




Referring to

FIG. 5



a


, a preferred embodiment of the formed loops


33


is illustrated. In connection with the third upper loop


33




c


there is shown, for illustration purposes, a loop first portion, portion “A”, which with a loop second portion, portion B, forms the third upper loop


33




c.


The thread portion B forming the loop


33




c


passes between adjacent slivers


20




c


and


20




a


where it continues from the top of the pad to the bottom of the pad


10


, and forms a lower loop


33




f


on the bottom of the pad


10


, as shown in

FIG. 5



b.






Referring to

FIG. 5



b


, the continuation of the loop


33




f


is illustrated. Portion B, which comprises the lower loop first portion of loop


33




f


, with lower loop second portion C (which preferably is a continuation of portion B but designated portion C for illustrative purposes), forms the loop


33




f.


Preferably, the loop


33




f


is formed and interconnects with a longitudinally engaging loop


33




g


of the lower loop series


53


to continue the formation of the network or web


30


. The lower loop


33




g


formed with the continuation of portion B facilitate the holding of the sliver


20




c


in place.




Referring to the continuation of portion C from loop


33




f


, the portion C crosses the portion B of loop


33




f


and continues toward the intersection of the slivers


20




a


and


20




b


underlying a portion of the loop forming lower loop


33




h.


The portion C returns to the top


50


of the pad


10


(

FIG. 5



a


) to form an upper loop


33




i.


Other loops


33


are preferably formed in the same manner to provide the web configuration described in connection with the loops


33




a-




33




i.







FIG. 5



b


shows a thread portion C in broken-line representation. This thread portion C is illustrated positioned below the lower loop


33




h.


The thread portion C then continues, as shown in

FIG. 5



a,


to form an upper loop


33




i.


Although not shown, it will be understood that there preferably may be strands underlying other loop portions, which continue to form additional loops


33


to comprise the web


30


. Preferably, as shown in

FIGS. 3 and 4

, and in connection with the sliver


20




a


in

FIG. 5



b,


the strand portions forming the web loops


33


encircle the slivers


20


.




As illustrated in

FIGS. 5



a


and


5




b,


the web


30


is formed with threads which are configured into interconnecting loops


33


. One or more threads can be used to comprise the web


30


. In a preferred configuration of the invention, the web


30


preferably comprises offsetting loop intersections, such that the loops


33


engage with other loops


33


at different locations on the top and bottom planes of the adjacent slivers


20


. In other words, in a preferred configuration, the upper loops formed on the top of the pad


10


, such as, for example, upper loops are shown interconnecting with other upper loops over the intersection of adjacent slivers


20


, whereas lower loops on the bottom of the pad


10


are shown interconnecting with other lower loops at a location below a sliver, such as at the middle of a sliver.




The portions of the threads forming the loops, as illustrated and exemplified by the lower loop


33




f


shown in

FIG. 5



b


and described herein, preferably, cross at their intersection, I (see FIG.


3


), to provide a further distribution of a retaining force for facilitating the holding and compressing of the slivers


20


held by the web


30


.




The above described web configuration facilitates the compression of the slivers


20


in adjacent relation to one another to form the pad


10


. The web


30


maintains the arrangement of the slivers


20


during the time when the pad


10


is installed on an ironing board


100


, and when the pad


10


is in use under an article which is being ironed thereon, including where a cover has been placed over the pad


10


. Preferably, a cover is installed on the ironing board pad


10


, and the article placed on the cover surface for ironing.




The method of making a pad in accordance with the invention preferably comprises providing heat resistant material which may comprise heat resistant thread and beat resistant fibrous material. The fibrous material is provided in the form of slivers, as discussed above in connection with a preferred embodiment of the invention. Preferably, the method also includes providing a binding material for binding the edges of the pad. The binding material also comprises a heat resistant material, since it, on occasion, may come in contact with the heat from the surface of an iron.




The method of making a pad is preferably carried out using an apparatus, such as a frame on which one or more of the components comprising the pad are supported while the pad is being constructed. Examples of such apparatus are commonly referred to as looms. The frame or loom preferably supports the fibrous material, such as, for examples, the slivers, and holds the thread in a manner to facilitate the formation of the web loops, as described herein. It is known to provide machines which will place thread in an arrangement for creating a fabric. Such machines are generally referred to as looms. In accordance with the present method, a loom is utilized with the threads and slivers to configure them into a pad, such as the pad


10


shown and described herein. For example, in accordance with the present method, the loom or frame preferably supports the fibrous material or slivers and holds the thread in a manner to facilitate the formation of a web of loops, as described herein.




For example, the loom may comprise a weaving machine with lifters for moving the thread. The loom, for example may be provided with a device driving the lifters, wherein lifters are provided configured as a plurality of shaped-needle rows carried on rods, and being capable of moving upwardly and downwardly to configure the web


30


by forming the loops


33


.




Turning to an example of carrying out the method, the slivers are placed on the loom and the thread is maneuvered by one or more elements of the loom apparatus. The slivers are supported on the loom to form a web, such as, for example, the web


30


described herein. Additional slivers are placed adjacent to the first sliver, and the web is further formed by maneuvering the thread to hold the additional slivers which are placed adjacent to the other slivers. These steps are repeated and continue until the desired size for the pad material is achieved.




It is understood that a single pad can be produced or, alternately, a quantity or area of pad with a plurality of slivers held by a web can be produced and later cut into smaller units and bound into individual pads.




Preferably, a binding material is applied to secure the web at the thread ends or perimeter of the pad. The slivers are maintained by the web in compression. As illustrated, the web is formed by a plurality of longitudinally arranged rows of loops which are transversely spaced. The loops are formed on the top and bottom of the slivers so that the slivers are maintained to minimize bunching or wrinkling, even against the pressure extruded by an ironing apparatus moving across the pad


10


, or over a cover covering the pad


10


, when ironing an article.




The method can be carried out by forming a first loop and passing a thread through the loop and forming a next successive loop which interconnects with the first loop. Preferably, as the loops are formed, the thread is positioned to partially or fully encircle a sliver. This facilitates maintaining compression of the sliver when further loops are formed. The interconnected loops may be tensioned as they are formed to maintain the slivers in a compressed condition.




The drawing figures, a preferred embodiment of a pad


10


is shown. For example, to carry out the method, a first loop may link with a second loop which is being formed. The second loop may pass through the first loop and link with the first loop. The portions forming the second loop then interconnect with other loops and form additional loops. This process continues until the web


30


is formed to hold the slivers.




These and other advantages of the present invention will be understood from a reading of the summary of the invention, the brief description of the drawing figures, the detailed description of the preferred embodiments, the drawings and the appended claims. Other modifications may be made within the spirit and scope of the invention.



Claims
  • 1. An ironing pad comprising:a plurality of fibrous elements arranged adjacently and held together by a web to form a pad having a first side and a second side, said web comprising a plurality of loops, including a first plurality of loops provided on said first side of said pad, and a second plurality of loops provided on said second side of said pad, wherein the first plurality of loops interconnect in the area above the lateral intersection of adjacent slivers, and wherein the second plurality of loops interconnect in the area above a sliver located between two lateral intersections of adjacent slivers.
  • 2. The pad of claim 1, wherein said pad has a front end and a rear end, a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein said fibrous elements are disposed in transverse relation between said front end and said rear end of said pad.
  • 3. The pad of claim 1, wherein said fibrous elements are held in compressive engagement with said heat resistant thread in a web.
  • 4. The pad of claim 1, wherein the fibrous elements are maintained in a compressed condition by said web.
  • 5. The pad of claim 4, wherein said fibrous elements are comprised of cotton.
  • 6. The pad of claim 4, wherein said web comprises a heat resistant material.
  • 7. The pad of claim 6, wherein said web comprises a longitudinal weave of lassos which hold said fibrous elements in adjacent relation to one another and which constrict said fibrous elements to maintain said elements in a compressed condition.
  • 8. The pad of claim 4, wherein said web comprises a plurality of loops forming a network to hold said plurality of fibrous elements in compressive adjacent relation to one another.
  • 9. The pad of claim 8, wherein said web comprises a network of threads which are woven to form a plurality of loops wherein each said loop encircles a fibrous element, and wherein said plurality of loops are spaced apart from each other.
  • 10. The pad of claim 9, wherein said web comprises a longitudinally disposed series of loops.
  • 11. The pad of claim 10, wherein said fibrous elements are arranged in transverse relation to said longitudinal loops.
  • 12. The pad of claim 9, wherein a plurality of loops are each comprised of a first loop strand portion and a second loop strand portion, said first loop strand portion and said second loop strand portion forming a loop end, wherein for a plurality of said plurality of loops the second strand portion links with a loop other than the loop formed thereby and returns in the direction of the formed loop, and wherein the first strand portion extends longitudinally in the opposite direction of the second strand portion which returns.
  • 13. A method for making an ironing board pad having a first side and a second side, comprising the steps of:providing a plurality of heat resistant fibrous elements; arranging said plurality of fibrous elements adjacently; compressing said fibrous elements with a plurality of loops, including a first plurality of loops provided on said first side of said pad, and a second plurality of loops provided on said second side of said pad; interconnecting said first plurality of loops at a location above the lateral intersection of adjacent slivers; and interconnecting said second plurality of loops at a location above a sliver and between two lateral intersections of adjacent slivers.
  • 14. The method of claim 13, wherein said plurality of heat resistant fibrous elements comprise elements which comprise rod-like configurations, and wherein the step of arranging comprises arranging the rod-like fibrous elements adjacently, and wherein the step of compressing said fibrous elements is carried out by winding a heat resistant thread around said fibrous element to hold said fibrous element.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. application Ser. No. 10/029,761, filed on Oct. 29, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,536,144 and is a continuation thereof, and claims priority to Provisional Application Serial No. 60/314,173, filed on Aug. 22, 2001.

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4043062 Lehrman Aug 1977 A
4360984 Ruttenberg Nov 1982 A
4603494 Lehrman Aug 1986 A
5371961 Mattesky Dec 1994 A
5799600 Reuben Sep 1998 A
5894690 Lehrman Apr 1999 A
6536144 Steidle Mar 2003 B2
Provisional Applications (1)
Number Date Country
60/314173 Aug 2001 US
Continuations (1)
Number Date Country
Parent 10/029761 Oct 2001 US
Child 10/351206 US