The present disclosure relates generally to apparatuses for storing and transporting containers, and more specifically to a pallet system used for displaying, storing and transporting product containers in vertically stacked arrangements.
Businesses engaged in the home-office-delivery (HOD) bottled water business face a number of challenges in delivering bottled water to customers. Bottled water businesses also face a number of challenges in retrieving empty bottles from customers, and transporting the empty bottles back to a facility for cleaning and refilling. The size, shape and weight of these bottles make them very prone to tipping over and rolling during transport to and from the customer. If the bottles are allowed to tip over and roll, the bottles can be damaged, resulting not only in spillage of water, but also in the loss of the container.
Bottled water businesses often ship bottled water to customers in bulk. The bottles are frequently shipped on wooden pallets. After bottles are placed on top of a wooden pallet, the bottles are secured against shifting by securing straps around the bottles, or by wrapping a plastic film around the pallet and bottles. For large shipments, bottles may be stacked on top of one another. A first level of bottles is placed on a pallet, and a thin sheet of plywood or other material, sometimes called a “slip sheet”, is placed on top of the first level of bottles. A second level of bottles is then placed on the slip sheet. A second slip sheet may be placed on the second level of bottles to support a third level of bottles. The multi-level stack of bottles is then secured with straps or plastic film to secure the bottles together.
There are several drawbacks to using traditional pallets and slip sheets. A major drawback is the need for straps, plastic film or other means for securing the bottles together on the pallet, or between the pallet and slip sheet. This adds time and cost to the process of transporting bottles. When empty bottles are retrieved from customers, they often must be stacked in an orderly arrangement on pallets inside a truck to maximize the number of bottles that can fit inside the truck. Empty bottles are extremely light and very prone to shifting during shipping unless they are secured with plastic wrap or other securing means.
Another drawback of traditional pallets and slip sheets is instability. Even when the bottles, pallets and slip sheets are secured in plastic wrap or other securing means, the stack of bottles can still be unstable because the bottles are seldom centered over one another, allowing the stack to lean to one side.
Traditional pallets and slip sheets also pose problems when using machinery in an automated process to stack bottles. Pallets and slip sheets have flat surfaces that do not provide target areas on which to place bottles. As such, it is very difficult to load bottles onto a pallet or slip sheet in an automated process, and particularly difficult to stack bottles so that they are centered over one another in a stable arrangement.
Yet another drawback of traditional pallets and slip sheets is the stress they place on bottles. When bottles are stacked on top of one another on pallets and slip sheets, an enormous amount of load is placed on the spout and cap of each bottle, particularly the spouts and caps of bottles on the bottom level. This leads to frequent breakage of the caps during loading and shipment, resulting in loss of product.
Lastly, conventional wood pallets and slip sheets are not suitable for displaying bottles to customers in stores. Wood pallets frequently exhibit broken planks, popped nails, splintered surfaces and other features that can detract from the store display.
The drawbacks of conventional systems for bottle display, storage and transportation are resolved by pallet systems in accordance with the invention.
A pallet system according to one embodiment includes at least one pallet having a tray portion and a pedestal portion. The tray portion may include a generally flat platform having a perimeter edge. The pedestal portion may form at least one receptacle extending beneath the platform for receiving a neck portion of a bottle positioned beneath the platform.
The tray portion may include a plurality of dividers extending upwardly from the platform. Alternatively, the tray portion may have no dividers. Where dividers are utilized, the dividers may collectively form a plurality of sockets for receiving containers in the tray portion. The dividers may be arc-shaped. Some of the arc-shaped dividers may be grouped in sets. Each set may consist of four arc-shaped dividers. The four arc-shaped dividers of each set may be joined end to end, so that each set forms a diamond-shaped cluster of arc-shaped dividers. The arc-shaped dividers may be arranged on a plurality of circular outlines and define circular borders around the sockets.
The tray portion may include a sidewall extending upwardly from the perimeter edge of the platform. Some of the dividers may be arranged in series along the sidewall. Dividers arranged in series along the sidewall may extend tangentially to the sidewall. The sidewall may have a first height with respect to the platform, and the dividers may have a second height with respect to the platform. The first height may be greater than the second height.
The pedestal portion may be configured to support the tray portion in a raised position above a surface on which the pedestal portion sits. The pedestal portion may include a substantially flat base and a plurality of columns that connect the tray portion to the base. The plurality of columns may be separated from one another by a plurality of apertures. Each aperture may be formed between two of the columns, and may be adapted to receive a fork on a fork lift or a pallet jack.
The at least one receptacle formed by the pedestal portion may include a plurality of receptacles passing through the base and extending beneath the platform. The at least one receptacle may be surrounded by a rim. The rim may be configured to rest on a shoulder portion of a bottle beneath the platform.
The pedestal portion may include a base having an outer edge. The sidewall of the tray portion may include an inner edge that defines an opening. The outer edge of the base may have a size and shape substantially identical to the size and shape of the opening. The at least one pallet may include a first pallet and a second pallet having a configuration identical to the first pallet. The base of the first pallet may be configured for insertion into the opening formed by the sidewall on the second pallet to facilitate nesting of the first pallet in the second pallet.
Although this description makes reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the details shown. Rather, various modifications may be made in the details within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims and without departing from the invention.
The foregoing drawbacks of wood pallets and slip sheets are addressed to a large extent by pallet systems in accordance with the invention, examples of which are described in this disclosure.
Pallet systems in accordance with the invention may be manufactured by injection molding, thermoforming, rotational molding or other manufacturing processes.
Pallet systems in accordance with the invention may be used to store and transport water bottles in stacks having two or more levels of bottles. In describing pallet systems, reference will be made to one or more “first bottles”, one or more “second bottles”, one or more “third bottles”, and so forth. The term “first bottle”, as used herein, means a bottle in the bottom level in a stack. No bottles are stacked below a first bottle. The term “second bottle”, as used herein, means a bottle in a level immediately above the level containing a first bottle. The term “third bottle”, as used herein, means a bottle in a level immediately above the level containing a second bottle.
The drawing figures contain a number of features that are shown multiple times in the same figure. For example,
Pallet system 100 includes three pallets 200, 300 and 400. Pallets 200, 300 and 400 have identical configurations. As will be described, each pallet has a top structure for supporting bottles on the pallet. Each pallet also has a bottom structure for receiving the neck portions of bottles positioned beneath the pallet. When multiple pallets are used, the top and bottom structures on the pallets allow vertical stacking of bottles, with bottles stacked in an upright orientation directly above other bottles in a coaxial relationship. The term “upright”, as used herein in describing a bottle, means that the bottle is oriented with its neck and spout vertically positioned above the rest of the bottle.
For brevity, only pallet 200 will be described in this section, with the understanding that the description of pallet 200 applies equally to pallets 300 and 400. Referring to
The landing locations provide a secure place to set empty bottles in a stable and upright position. In particular, sockets 230 support and hold the base of each empty bottle, minimizing or preventing the empty bottles from being knocked over by other bottles as the other bottles are loaded onto pallet 200. Conventional wood pallets, in contrast, have no sidewalls or sockets to create landing locations. Therefore, it is extremely difficult for automated machinery to load empty bottles onto conventional wood pallets and keep the bottles on the pallets, because the bottles are free to move and slide on the pallets. Given their extremely light weight, empty bottles can be easily knocked over or pushed off of a conventional wood pallet by other bottles being placed on the pallet. The light weight of empty bottles also makes them very prone to shifting during transport on conventional wood pallets. Therefore, conventional wood pallets that are loaded with empty bottles are typically wrapped in a plastic wrap to hold the bottles in place and prevent them from moving during transport. Pallets with sockets in accordance with the invention address all of these challenges by securely holding empty bottles in specific landing locations, making loading and transport of empty bottles much easier, while avoiding the need for straps, plastic wrap and other means for stabilizing and securing empty bottles during transport.
Pallets in accordance with the invention can feature a number of divider and socket arrangements for supporting bottles. In tray portion 210, for example, dividers 220 are arc-shaped. Where arc-shaped dividers are used, the dividers may follow various curved geometries, such as a parabolic curve, elliptical curve, a circular curve having constant radius, or any compound curvature featuring segments of different radii. Dividers 220 are circular to conform to circular bottles used in the HOD bottled water industry.
A number of dividers 220 are arranged along perimeter edge 213 of platform 212. Other dividers 220 are grouped in “sets” 221 toward the middle of platform 212. Each set 221 consists of four dividers 220. The four dividers 220 are joined end to end, so that each set forms a diamond-shaped cluster 222 of dividers. In each cluster 222, each divider 220 is oriented so that its convex side 220a faces inwardly toward the center of the diamond, and its concave side 220b faces outwardly. The dividers 220 are arranged on a plurality of circular outlines 224 and define circular wall segments around sockets 230.
Sockets 230 are arranged adjacently or tangentially to one another, as seen best in
Those skilled in the art will understand that pallets in accordance with the invention need not have dividers on the platform. In fact, it is sometimes desirable to have no dividers on the platform to provide bottles with limited freedom to slide or tilt on the platform. This freedom to slide and tilt can make it easier to access bottles, and load and unload bottles to and from the pallet. Pallets that do not feature dividers on the platform may have a sidewall with contours matching the shape of bottles to create specific bottle locations that force the bottles into specific and repeatable locations.
Tray portion 210 includes a sidewall 240 extending upwardly from perimeter edge 213 of platform 212. Referring to
Some of the dividers 220 are arranged in series along sidewall 240. Dividers 220 that are positioned along sidewall 240 are joined end to end with one another, with some of the ends joined at a point that intersects the sidewall. In this arrangement, dividers 220 along the sidewall join together to form four arcs 223 on each of the four sides of platform 212. Each arc 223 is tangential to sidewall 240.
Referring to
Pallet 200 is configured to nest with other pallets, such as pallets 300 and 400, when the pallets are empty. Referring to
Opening 247 has a vertical depth D, shown in
Referring now to
Each receptacle 260 is adapted to surround at least a portion of and protect a neck portion N of a bottle received in the receptacle. Receptacles in accordance with the invention may include one or more surface features that permit easy insertion and removal of bottle necks into and out of the receptacles. In
Receptacles in accordance with the invention may have a number of configurations for protecting the neck of a bottle. For example, receptacles in accordance with the invention could include a plurality of wall sections arranged along the outline of a cylinder, a frustum of a cone, or other tubular construct, with gaps separating the wall sections from one another. The tubular construct may be circular, elliptical, polygonal, or have some other type of geometry for surrounding at least a portion of a bottle neck. Receptacles in accordance with the invention can include a plurality of posts interconnected by a rim, where the rim is made up of one or more sections arranged along the outline of a circle, oval, ellipse, polygon or other two-dimensional or three-dimensional shape for engaging the shoulder of a bottle.
Rims in accordance with the invention distribute the weight of bottles stacked above them onto bottles arranged below them. In
Referring to
Pallet 200 has a reinforcing rib structure 280 that includes a number of straight members 282 and curved members 284. Rib structure 280 can be produced by injection molding, as noted above. When other manufacturing processes are used to manufacture the pallet, like thermoforming, the pallet may not have a rib structure.
Referring to
Pallets in accordance with the invention may include any number of sockets, and thus any number and arrangement of bottles. The bottles can be stacked in two or more rows extending in a first direction, and two or more columns extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The rows and columns may have alternating numbers of sockets, or a constant number of sockets. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that pallet systems in accordance with the invention need not have arrangements of sockets as shown in the drawings. Pallets in accordance with the invention can have fewer or more sockets in each row and each column. Moreover, pallets in accordance with the invention need not have a socket for every bottle to be placed on the pallet. For example, a pallet may have dividers forming sockets along the perimeter of the pallet, but no dividers forming sockets toward the interior or center of the pallet. This arrangement would allow placement of bottles along the perimeter in a more contained and stable arrangement, while allowing bottles in the interior or center portion of the pallet more freedom to slide. Such an arrangement would appear the same as the arrangement in
Pallet systems in accordance with the invention may be manufactured to meet industry standard dimensions for different markets, and to accommodate different sized bottles. For example, pallets in accordance with the invention may include standard dimensions used in the U.S. market, or standard dimensions used in the European market. Those skilled in the art will understand that pallets in accordance with the invention can have other dimensions to meet customer specifications, and/or to accommodate different bottle sizes.
The tray portion, pedestal portion, dividers and other elements may be integrally attached to one another, as shown in
Referring to
Pallet 2000 is formed as a hollow part, with a layer of material surrounding a hollow space. To increase stiffness and rigidity, it may be desirable to mold pallet 2000 with one or more “tack off” areas, or areas in which opposing walls are molded close together, and in which hollow space inside the part is minimized or substantially eliminated. Platform 2120 includes a plurality of tack off areas in the form of circular recesses 2122 in the surface of the platform. Recesses 2122 extend across platform 2120 in two rows and two columns that intersect the rows. Pallets in accordance with the invention may have fewer or more tack off areas to provide the desired rigidity and stiffness to their platforms. Those skilled in the art will understand that tack off areas are completely optional. In the event that tack off areas are included, a number of sizes, shapes, spacings and arrangements of tack off areas can be used. For example, tack off areas may appear as shallow recesses or as through holes.
Pallet 2000 includes a bottom structure for receiving the neck portions of bottles positioned below the pallet. The bottom structure includes a base 2520 and columns 2540. Base 2520 and columns 2540 form a number of receptacles 2600. Each receptacle 2600 is adapted to surround at least a portion of and protect a neck portion N of a bottle received in the receptacle. Each receptacle 2600 has a first end 2620, a second end 2640 opposite the first end, and a sidewall 2650. First end 2620 includes a rim 2660 that surrounds an opening 2680. Each rim 2660 is configured to rest on a shoulder portion SH of a bottle. The shape of each rim 2660 is optimized to create as large a surface contact area as possible for the purpose of load distribution.
As noted earlier, pallets in accordance with the invention are designed for the public display of water bottles, including store displays. Therefore, it should be understood that many elements in the illustrated embodiments are primarily or exclusively ornamental, for display purposes. The ornamental elements may have a wide variety of shapes or configurations selected to meet aesthetic criteria. The appearance of these elements may be chosen to achieve a specific visual effect for the product display. As such, the ornamental appearance of the pallets as a whole, and individual features thereof, may be modified in an infinite number of ways within the scope of the invention to suit particular tastes. To the extent that these elements also perform function, the elements can incorporate an infinite number of ornamental features and still perform the same function.
For example, the shape, contours, and relative dimensions of the sidewall need not match the exact shape, contours, and relative dimensions of sidewall 240 in
While preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described herein, it will be understood that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Numerous variations, changes and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations.
This application is the U.S. National Phase of PCT International Application No. PCT/US2013/023746, filed Jan. 30, 2013, and claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Application No. 61/592,099, filed Jan. 30, 2012, the contents of both applications being incorporated by reference herein in their entireties for all purposes.
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PCT/US2013/023746 | 1/30/2013 | WO | 00 |
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WO2013/116271 | 8/8/2013 | WO | A |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20150001114 A1 | Jan 2015 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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61592099 | Jan 2012 | US |