Patent Grant
11744570
The disclosure generally relates to knee arthroscopy. Specifically, the disclosure relates to a medical tool for knee arthroscopy. More specifically, the disclosure relates to a patella joystick for tilting and/or lifting a patella in knee arthroscopy and a method of using thereof.
The patella is also known as the knee cap. The arthroscopy, also called the arthroscopic or keyhole surgery, is a surgical technique for examining, diagnosing, and sometimes treating damage in a joint due to conditions such as, for example, injury, inflammation, etc. The joint can be a knee, shoulder, elbow, ankle, hip, or wrist.
The embodiments herein provide a patella joystick for knee arthroscopy. The patella joystick has an elongated body including a shank portion, a tapered portion, and a screw portion. The tapered portion is disposed between the shank portion and the screw portion. The tapered portion includes a frustum having a first end and a second end opposing the first end, and the first end faces and joins the shank portion. The screw portion includes a thread and a screw point.
In an embodiment, the elongated body is irremovably or removably attached to a handle or a screw bit holder.
In an embodiment, the screw portion has a length of at or about 3 mm to at or about 70 mm, the thread has a depth of at or about 0.1 mm to at or about 2 mm, and the thread has a pitch of at or about 0.1 mm to at or about 5 mm. In an embodiment, the thread has a buttress thread form.
In an embodiment, the screw portion has a cut at its distal end. In an embodiment, the cut forms a flute having a cutting edge.
In an embodiment, the screw point has an inverted cone shape with a point angle of at or about 90°.
In an embodiment, the tapered portion further includes a reduced part extending from the second end of the frustum and is smaller in diameter or thickness than the second end of the frustum.
In an embodiment, the frustum has a vertical angle in a range of at or about 1 to at or about 89 degrees. In an embodiment, the frustum has a length of at or about 1 mm to at or about 150 mm.
In an embodiment, the shank portion has a diameter or thickness in a range of at or about 2 mm to at or about 20 mm. In an embodiment, the shank portion and the tapered portion has a total length of at or about 70 mm.
The embodiments also provide a method for performing a knee arthroscopy using the patella joystick. The method includes screwing the patella joystick onto a knee cap. In an embodiment, the method further includes drilling a pilot hole at an approximate center of the knee cap. In an embodiment, the pilot hole has a diameter of at or about 2 mm and a depth of not more than 20 mm. In an embodiment, the method further includes performing a cut through the skin at an approximate center of the knee cap. In an embodiment, the method further includes holding the patella joystick to tilt and/or lift the knee cap for performing an arthroscopy procedure. In an embodiment, the arthroscopy procedure includes performing subchondral drilling or debriding on the cartilage of the knee cap.
References are made to the accompanying drawings that form a part of this disclosure, and which illustrate embodiments in which the device and method described in this specification can be practiced.
Like reference numbers represent like parts throughout different views and embodiments.
This disclosure provides a patella joystick for tilting and/or lifting a knee cap in knee arthroscopy. This disclosure also provides a method of using the patella joystick in knee arthroscopy.
The term “a”, “an”, or “the” cover both the singular and the plural reference, unless the context dictates otherwise. The terms “comprising”, “having”, “including”, and “containing” are open-ended terms, which means “including but not limited to”, unless otherwise indicated.
Certain values herein are preceded by the term “about”. The term “about” herein provides literal support for the exact value that it precedes, as well as a range that is near to or approximately the value that the term precedes. In an embodiment, the range is from 70% to 130% of the exact value that the term “about” precedes. In an embodiment, the range is from 80% to 120% of the exact value that the term “about” precedes. In an embodiment, the range is from 90% to 110% of the exact value that the term “about” precedes. In an embodiment, the range is from 99% to 101% of the exact value that the term “about” precedes. For example, if the exact value is 100, the range from 70% to 130% of the exact value is 70 to 130.
The term “thickness” refers to the width or thickness of a three-dimensional object described herein.
Knee arthroscopy is an arthroscopic knee surgical technique. Knee arthroscopy can be used to diagnose and treat knee disorders and injuries such as, for example, torn anterior or posterior cruciate ligaments, torn meniscus, misaligned patella, pieces of torn cartilage that are loose in the joint, subchondral drilling, swollen synovium, and the like. Knee arthroscopy can be a minimally invasive surgical procedure and usually results in less joint pain and better outcome than the traditional “open” surgery.
During the arthroscopic knee surgery, a surgeon may make one or more small openings or ports, and then insert an arthroscopy having, for example, a small fiber-optic camera, into the knee through the small opening(s) or port(s). This allows the surgeon to visually check the inside of the knee from, for example, a screen. The surgeon can then investigate a problem with the knee and, if necessary, correct the problem using, for example, a miniature instrument within the arthroscope.
The undersurface of the knee cap is covered with a layer of smooth cartilage. In some instances, the knee arthroscopy may involve tilting and/or lifting the knee cap for subchondral drilling on the cartilage of the knee cap, checking or debriding the cartilage of the knee cap, and the like. Normally, an operator such as a surgeon, nurse, or assistant uses his/her bare hand to hold the skin around the knee cap and then tilt and/or lift the knee cap. This can be a problem, as it is difficult or, in some situations, not practical for the operator to use his/her bare hand to tilt and/or lift the knee cap while operating the knee arthroscopy.
The patella joystick described herein exhibits significant advantages over the bare hand for tilting and/or lifting the knee cap in the knee arthroscopy. Referring to
Referring to
The shank portion 101a can adopt any shape capable of forming a shank. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a has a regular shape. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a has an irregular shape. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a has a rod configuration. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a is a cylindrical rod, triangular rod, square rod, rectangular rod, pentagonal rod, hexagonal rod, octagonal rod, or the like, or a combination thereof.
The shank portion 101a can have a length, e.g., the most extended dimension defined by the distance between lines X1 and X4, suitable for a surgeon to drive the screw portion 101c into the knee cap. In an embodiment, the length can be in a range of at or about 10 mm to at/or about 140 mm. In an embodiment, the upper limit of the range of the length can be at/or about 140 mm, at/or about 120 mm, at or about 100 mm, at or about 80 mm, or at or about 60 mm. In an embodiment, the lower limit of the range of the length can be at or about 15 mm, at or about 20 mm, at or about 25 mm, at or about 30 mm, or at or about 35 mm.
The shank portion 101a can have a diameter or thickness indicated by D1, e.g., the dimension extends perpendicular to its length direction, in a range of at or about 2 mm to at or about 20 mm. In an embodiment, the upper limit of the range of diameter or thickness can be at or about 17 mm, at or about 14 mm, or at or about 11 mm. In an embodiment, the lower limit of the range of diameter or thickness can be at or about 3 mm, at or about 5 mm, at or about 7 mm, or at or about 9 mm.
In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a can fit into a screw bit holder so that an operator can use a T-handle driver or a screwdriver, for example, a hand-held screwdriver or torque screwdriver, to rotate and insert the screw portion 101c to the knee cap. In an embodiment, the distal end 104 of the shank portion 101a can include a triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal structure, or the like, or a combination thereof, so that the shank portion 101a can be secured into the screw bit holder.
The screw portion 101c can include a thread 105 for securing the patella joystick 100 onto the knee cap. In an embodiment, the thread 105 is capable of converting rotational force to linear movement. The thread 105 can include a right-handed thread or left-handed thread. In an embodiment, the thread 105 includes a right-handed thread. In an embodiment, the thread 105 includes a male thread.
The thread 105 can adopt various suitable forms that include but not limited to, for example, type A, type AB, type B, type F, type 23, type 17, type 25, type 2, type 3, or the like, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the thread 105 includes a self-drilling screw. In an embodiment, the thread 105 includes a self-taping screw. The thread of the self-taping screw can be precisely angled so that, once the screw portion 101c is screwed onto the knee cap, the thread will not slip or move unless some additional force is applied. The self-tapping screw can include but not limited to, for example, type A self-tapping screw, type AB self-tapping screw, type B self-tapping screw, Hi-Lo self-tapping screw, or the like, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the thread 105 includes a self-tapping locking screw.
In an embodiment, the screw portion 101c includes a transition 106 extending between the distal end of the thread 105 and the end 108. In an embodiment, the transition 106 includes a screw point 107. In an embodiment, the transition 106 is a screw point 107. In an embodiment, the transition 106 includes a pilot section. In an embodiment, the transition 106 includes both the pilot section and the screw point 107, and the pilot section extends between the distal end of the thread 105 and the screw point 107. The transition 106 can be useful for providing a structural transition from the thread 105 to the end 108, as well as ensuring proper hole alignment. The transition 106 can be optional. In an embodiment, the screw portion 101c does not include a transition 106, and the distal end of the thread 105 is the end 108.
In an embodiment, the screw portion 101c has a cut 109 at its distal end. In an embodiment, the cut 109 extends from the end 108 to a portion of the thread 105. In an embodiment, the cut 109 forms a flute having a cutting edge useful for screwing the patella joystick 100 onto the knee cap.
The screw portion 101c can have a length suitable for securing the patella joystick 100 onto the knee cap. The length can be defined by the distance between lines X2 and X3. The length can be in a range of at or about 3 mm to at or about 70 mm. In an embodiment, the length is in a range of at or about 3 mm to 50 mm. In an embodiment, the length is in a range of at or about 3 mm to 10 mm.
The screw portion 101c can have a thread diameter in a range of at or about 0.5 mm to at or about 5 mm. In an embodiment, the thread diameter is in a range of at or about 0.5 mm to at or about 4 mm. In an embodiment, the thread diameter is in a range of at or about 0.5 mm to at or about 3 mm. In an embodiment, the thread diameter is at or about 3.5 mm.
The end 108 can be a blunt end or sharp end. The sharp end can include a sharp edge useful for drilling into the knee cap. The blunt end can include a blunt edge. The blunt edge can include but not limited to, for example, a flat edge, rounded edge, or the like, or a combination thereof.
The tapered portion 101b is disposed between the shank portion 101a and the screw portion 101c. The tapered portion 101b can have a decreasing diameter or thickness while extending from the shank portion 101a to the screw portion 101c. As the screw portion 101c generally has a diameter smaller than the diameter or thickness of the shank portion 101a, the tapered portion 101b can provide a transition in the diameters or thickness from the shank portion 101a to the screw portion 101c. In an embodiment, the tapered portion 101b avoids dragging the skin layer while the patella joystick 100 is being screwed through the skin.
In an embodiment, the tapered portion 101b includes an inverted frustum 110 and a reduced part 112. In an embodiment, the inverted frustum 110 is an inverted, truncated cone. The inverted frustum 110 has a first end 110a and a second end 110b opposing the first end 110a. The first end 110a is larger in diameter or thickness than the second end 110b. The first end 110a faces and joins the shank portion 101a, and the second end 110b faces and joins the reduced part 112.
The inverted frustum 110 can have a vertical angle, which is the angle between lines A1 and A2, in a range of at or about 1 degree to at or about 89 degrees, according to an embodiment. In an embodiment, the vertical angle is at or about 20°.
The inverted frustum 110 can have a length defined by the distance between lines X4 and X5 in a range of at or about 1 mm to at or about 150 mm. In an embodiment, the length is at or about 1 mm to at or about 5 mm. In an embodiment, the length is at or about 2 mm to at or about 4 mm. In an embodiment, the length is at or about 3 mm.
The first end 110a of the inverted frustum 110 can have a diameter or thickness identical to that of the shank portion 110a. The second end 110b of the inverted frustum 110 can have a diameter or thickness, which is defined by the distance between lines Y1 and Y2, in a range of at or about 1 mm to at or about 20 mm.
The reduced part 112 can have a diameter or thickness smaller than that of the second end 110b of the inverted frustum 110. In an embodiment, the reduced part 112 has a diameter or thickness close to or identical to the diameter of the screw portion 101c. In an embodiment, the reduced part 112 can have a diameter or thickness in a range of at or about 0.1 mm to at or about 3 mm.
The reduced part 112 can also have a length indicated by lines X5 and X2 in a range of at or about 0.5 mm to at or about 50 mm. In an embodiment, the length of the reduced part 112 is in a range of 0.5 mm to 10 mm. In an embodiment, the length is in a range of 0.5 mm to 8 mm. In an embodiment, the length is in a range of 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
It is to be understood that one or more of the features may be optional. In an embodiment, the reduced part 112 can be optional. In an embodiment, the inverted frustum 110 is optional. In an embodiment, the tapered portion 101b is optional. In an embodiment, the patella joystick 100 does not include the tapered portion 101b, and the patella joystick 100 undergoes a sudden change in the diameter or thickness from the shank portion 101a to the screw portion 101c. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a is optional. In an embodiment, the patella joystick 100 does not include the shank 101a, and the tapered portion 101b is long enough to function as a shank.
Referring to
The screw portion 101c can include the screw point 107, according to an embodiment. The screw point 107 can be configured to various styles or shapes including but not limited to, for example, cone, oval, plain cup, flat, half-dog, soft-tipped, and knurled cup, or the like, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the screw point 107 adopts an inverted cone shape and has a point angle, e.g., the cone angle between lines B1 and B2, in a range of at or about 1° to at or about 160°. In an embodiment, the cone angle is at or about 90°. In an embodiment, the distal end of the screw point 107 is the end 108. The screw point 107 can have a length in a range of at or about 1 mm to at or about 10 mm.
The elongation direction of the screw portion 101c is aligned with the X-axis of the paper plane of
Referring to
The crest 123 can include a surface 123a. The surface 123a can be a flat surface, a curved surface, a sharp edge, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the surface 123a is a flat surface. In an embodiment, the surface 123a is a round surface. In an embodiment, the surface 123a is a sharp edge.
The flank 121 can have a driving side 121a and a back side 121b. The driving side 121a and the back side 121b can intersect X-axis, i.e., the elongation direction of the screw portion 101c, at angles θ1 and θ2, respectively. Each of θ1 and θ2 can be in a range of large than 0° and less than 180°. θ1 can be identical to or different from θ2. In an embodiment, both θ1 and θ2 are 90°. In an embodiment, both θ1 and θ2 are less than 90°.
The flank 121 can be non-symmetric. That is, the driving side 121a and the back side 121b are not related to each other by mirror symmetry. In an embodiment, the thread 105 can have a buttress thread form, in which θ1 is 90° and θ2 is less than 90°. That is, the driving side 121a is perpendicular to the elongation direction of the screw portion 101c, and the back side 121b makes an oblique angle with the elongation direction. The crest 123 of the buttress thread form can include a flat surface. The buttress thread form is also known as the breech-lock thread form, which can be useful for locking the patella joystick 100 onto the knee cap and improve the pull-out load of the patella joystick 100.
The flank 121 can also be symmetric. In an embodiment, the thread 105 can have a square thread form, in which both θ1 and θ2 are equal to 90°. That is, both the driving side 121a and the back side 121b are perpendicular to the elongation direction of the screw portion 101c. The crest 123 of the square thread form can be a flat surface.
In an embodiment, the thread 105 can have a trapezoidal thread form, in which both the driving side 121a and the back side 121b make an oblique angle to the elongation direction of the screw portion 101c. In an embodiment, the thread 105 can have a round thread form, in which the crest 123 is a smooth curved surface.
The thread 105 can have a pitch, which is indicated by the distance between lines B5 and B6, in a range of at or about 0.1 mm to at or about 5 mm. In an embodiment, the thread 105 can have a pitch of at or about 1.25 mm.
The thread 105 can have a depth, which is indicated by the distance between lines B3 and B4, in a range of at or about 0.1 mm to at or about 2 mm. In an embodiment, the thread 105 can have a depth of at or about 0.5 mm.
Referring to
The handle 200 can adopt a structure and shape useful for rotating and tilting the body 101. In an embodiment, the handle 200 can have an elongated body. In an embodiment, the handle 200 includes a knob. In an embodiment, the handle is a knob. In an embodiment, the handle 200 is a screwdriver handle. In an embodiment, the handle 200 has a regular shape. In an embodiment, the handle 200 has an irregular shape. In an embodiment, the handle 200 has a rod configuration including but not limited to, for example, a cylindrical rod, triangular rod, square rod, rectangular rod, pentagonal rod, hexagonal rod, or octagonal rod, or the like, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the handle 200 is a straight rod. In an embodiment, the handle 200 is a curved rod. The handle 200 is capable of being attached to the shank portion 101a of the body 101. In an embodiment, the patella joystick 300 has a “T” configuration. In an embodiment, the patella joystick 300 can have a configuration other than the “T” configuration, for example, a screwdriver configuration.
The handle 200 can have a length, which is indicated by line Y3 and Y4, in a range from at or about 20 mm to at or about 200 mm, according to an embodiment. In an embodiment, the handle 200 has a length of no more than 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, or 80 mm. In an embodiment, the handle 200 can have a length of at or about 60 mm. In an embodiment, the handle 200 can have a diameter or thickness, which is indicated by lines X6 and X1, in a range of at or about 1 mm to at or about 100 mm.
In an embodiment, the handle 200 can have a diameter of at or about 8 mm. In an embodiment, the handle 200 can have a diameter of at or about 6 mm. In an embodiment, the handle 200 can have a diameter of at or about 4 mm.
The shank portion 101a can be secured to the handle 200 for rotating the screw portion 101c into the knee cap. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a removably attaches to the handle 200 via its end 103. In an embodiment, the end 103 is removably attached to the handle 200 via a structure, for example, a hole, on the handle 200. In another embodiment, the shank portion 101a irremovably attaches to the handle 200 via its end 103. In an embodiment, the end 103 is welded to the handle 200. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a and the handle 200 are unitary one-piece construction, e.g., being machined from a single piece of material.
In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a has a diameter of at or about 6.5 mm. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a has a diameter of at or about 5 mm. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a has a diameter of at or about 4 mm. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a has a diameter of 2 mm.
The tapered portion 101b includes the inverted frustum 110 and the reduced part 112. The inverted frustum 110 can be an inverted, truncated cone. In an embodiment, the inverted frustum 110 can have a length of at or about 4.25 mm indicated by lines X4 and X5. In an embodiment, the inverted frustum 110 can have a cone angle of at or about 20° indicated by lines A1 and A2. In an embodiment, the inverted frustum 110 has a cone angle no more than at or about 89°. In an embodiment, the distal end of the inverted frustum 110 can have a diameter of at or about 5 mm to at or about 5.75 mm, defined by the distance between lines Y1 and Y2. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a and the tapered portion 101b can have a total length of at or about 70 mm, which is indicated by lines X1 and X2. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a and the tapered portion 101b has a total length in a range from at or about 70 mm to at or about 150 mm. In an embodiment, the screw portion 101c of the patella joystick 300 can have a length of at or about 8 mm indicated by lines X2 and X3.
Referring to
Referring to
Each of the shank portion 101a, the tapered portion 101b, the screw portion 101c, and the handle 200 can independently be made from a material with suitable strength, hardness, and/or rigidity. In an embodiment, the material can include a metal including but not limited to, for example, surgical-grade metal alloys, stainless steel, chrome-molybdenum vanadium steel, carbon steel, titanium alloy, or the like, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the material can include a plastic material including but not limited to, for example, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetheretheketone (PEEK), polyaryletherketone (PAEK), or the like, or a combination thereof. It will be appreciated that the material can also include but not limited to, for example, porcelain, glass, composite material, or the like, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the material is an autoclavable material.
In an embodiment, two or more of the shank portion 101a, the tapered portion 101b, the screw portion 101c, and the handle 200 can be machined from a single piece of material. In an embodiment, the shank portion 101a, the tapered portion 101b, the screw portion 101c, and the handle 200 are machined from a single piece of material. In an embodiment, the single piece of material can be a metal including but not limited to, for example, surgical-grade metal alloys, stainless steel, chrome-molybdenum vanadium steel, carbon steel, titanium alloy, or the like, or a combination thereof.
The disclosure also provides a method of performing a knee arthroscopy using the patella joystick disclosed herein. In an embodiment, the method includes making an appropriate cut through the skin at an approximate center of the patella. The size of the appropriate cut can vary depending on the specific patient. In an embodiment, the size of the appropriate cut cannot be more than 50 mm. In an embodiment, the size of the appropriate cut cannot be more than 45 mm. In an embodiment, the size of the appropriate cut cannot be more than 15 mm. In an embodiment, the method also includes drilling a pilot hole in the cut. In an embodiment, the pilot hole has a diameter of at or about 2 mm. In an embodiment, the pilot hole is created by using a suitable surgical drilling tool. In an embodiment, the surgical drilling tool drills into the knee cap at a depth of 2 to 20 mm. In an embodiment, the depth is not more than at or about 10 mm. In an embodiment, the method includes securing the patella joystick 100 or 300 into the pilot hole by rotating and inserting the patella joystick 100 or 300 into the knee cap. Once the patella joystick 100 or 300 is affixed onto the knee cap, the operator can hold the patella joystick 100 or 300 to tilt and/or lift the knee cap for performing an arthroscopy procedure such as, for example, subchondral drilling or debriding cartilage of the knee cap. The operator can hold the handle 200 or the shank portion 101a of the patella joystick 100 or 300 to tilt and/or lift the knee cap. It will be appreciated that one or more of the features may be optional in an embodiment. For example, the pilot hole can be optional in an embodiment.
It is appreciated that any of aspects 1-20 can be combinable to any of aspects 21-27.
Aspect 1. A patella joystick for knee arthroscopy, comprising an elongated body including a shank portion and a screw portion,
With regard to the preceding description, it is to be understood that changes may be made in detail, especially in matters of the construction materials employed and the shape, size, and arrangement of parts without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. This Specification and the embodiments described are exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the claims that follow.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20210275158 A1 | Sep 2021 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 62987116 | Mar 2020 | US |
