This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0117559, filed on Sep. 14, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The present invention relates to a pathogen detection method and apparatus.
A technique that detects pathogens (viruses, bacteria, or the like) in air is essential in a management of infection through air. A technique that detects pathogens includes a process of collecting pathogens in air, and a process of obtaining information on pathogens by measuring collected particles.
In the related art, in a technique that measures pathogens in air, there is a problem that a duration of a signal formed by detecting pathogens is short, and thus, it is difficult to detect the pathogens. There are several techniques for addressing this shortcoming, but even in the several techniques, there is also a disadvantage in that a measurer should perform a manual operation for each measurement and a cost of a detection device increases since an additional factor is used.
The present invention is directed to a pathogen detection method and apparatus capable of more easily measuring pathogens in air and further decreasing costs compared to the related art.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pathogen detection method including forming nanoparticles, extracting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by causing the nanoparticles to collide with pathogens, collecting the pathogens having collided with the nanoparticles, and detecting a light-emitting reaction formed by a reaction with the ATP.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pathogen detection apparatus including a nanoparticle forming chamber in which nanoparticles are formed, an impact unit configured to cause the nanoparticles to collide with the pathogens so that ATP is extracted from the pathogens, and a detector including a collector provided with the pathogens having collided with the nanoparticles to collect the pathogens having collided with the nanoparticles and a sensor configured to detect a light-emitting reaction formed by a reaction with the ATP collected by the collector.
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by describing exemplary embodiments thereof in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Hereinafter, a pathogen detection method and a pathogen detection apparatus according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The plurality of rods 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d may be connected to a voltage supply unit 130. The voltage supply unit 130 may provide a voltage so that the plurality of rods 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d in the chamber 100 generate a spark discharge. In one embodiment, the voltage supplied from the voltage supply unit 130 may be in the range of 1,000 V to 10,000 V.
The spark discharge is accomplished in the chamber 100 by the plurality of rods 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d. For example, as the spark discharge occurs in the tellurium rod, tellurium nanoparticles are formed in the chamber 100, and as the spark discharge occurs in the silver rod, silver nanoparticles are formed in the chamber 100, and the tellurium nanoparticles are doped with the silver nanoparticles to form the partially alloyed silver-telluride nanoparticles 120 (S100). The silver-telluride nanoparticles 120 are discharged to the outside of the chamber 100 through the outlet by the carrier gas. Antimicrobial activity of the silver-telluride nanoparticles 120 is similar to that of the silver nanoparticles, but cytotoxicity of the silver-telluride nanoparticles 120 is significantly lower than that of the silver nanoparticles, and thus no toxic substances are formed.
In another embodiment, the plurality of rods may be a copper (Cu) rod or a tellurium (Te) rod, and as the spark discharge occurs in the chamber, copper-telluride nanoparticles may be formed.
In the example illustrated in
Referring to
In the example illustrated in
Charge numbers nf of the nanoparticles 120 and pathogens 122 charged in the first charging chamber 210 and the second charging chamber 220 may be calculated as illustrated in the following Equation.
Here, ε is relative permittivity, dp is a particle diameter, Zi is mobility depending on ion concentration, and Ni is ion concentration.
The charged nanoparticles 120 and charged pathogens 122 each formed in the first charging chamber 210 and the second charging chamber 220 are discharged to the outlet. As an example, the charged nanoparticles 120 and charged pathogens 122 may be discharged by the carrier gas. As another example, the charged nanoparticles 120 and the charged pathogens 122 may flow using an air pump (not illustrated) which is connected to the outlet of the first charging chamber 210 and the outlet of the second charging chamber 220 to suction and discharge the nanoparticles 120 and the charged pathogens 122. For example, the carrier gas may be introduced through an inlet of the first charging chamber 210, and air may be introduced through an inlet of the second charging chamber 220.
However, when particles having a large size or a large mass such as the pathogens 122 having collided with the nanoparticles 120 are introduced into the particle impactor 300, the particles proceeds to the outlet at a portion where the flow direction of the gas changes, deviate from a streamline, collide with the collection plate 310, and are collected on the collection plate 310 (S300). In one embodiment, the size of bacteria floating in air is in the range of approximately 0.5 μm to 3 μm. Accordingly, when a flow rate, a diameter w of the inlet, and a diameter s of the outlet are set by setting a diameter of a separated particle to 0.5 μm, the impactor 300 can selectively collect the pathogens 122 having collided with the nanoparticles 120.
A geometric shape and operation variables of the impactor 300 are determined so that the impactor 300 can accurately separate particles of a desired size. A relationship between the particle diameter and the variables is expressed as the following Equation.
Here, d50 is a particle diameter when collection efficiency is 50%, n is the number of nozzles, η is a viscosity coefficient of air, W is a nozzle diameter, Stk50 is a Stokes number at the time of a separation particle diameter, Cc is a slip correction factor, ρp is a particle density, and Q is a suction flow rate.
The Stokes number is a ratio of a particle stopping distance to a nozzle radius and is expressed as Equation 3.
Here, U is an average speed at the nozzle.
In Equations 1 and 2, the nozzle radius means a radius of the gas passing through the nozzle, and the particle stopping distance can be obtained using an average exit velocity at the nozzle.
According to the present embodiment, since the collection of the pathogens and the reaction and detection with reaction reagents are performed on the collection plate 310, it is possible to quickly and easily perform the detection, the reagent for detecting the light emission is evaporated by air provided to the impactor 300, a method of periodically replacing or cleaning the collection plate 310 can be adopted, and thus high sensitivity can be maintained.
Hereinafter, an experimental example of the present embodiment will be described with reference to
According to present embodiment, the nanoparticles collide with aerosol-like pathogens to destroy the cell wall to extract the ATP, and thus it is possible to perform measurement quickly without the use of special reagents (PPDK), and there is an advantage that manual labor of the measurer is not required.
The present invention is described with reference to the embodiment illustrated in the drawings for understanding of the present invention. However, the embodiment is an embodiment for implementation and is only illustrative, and thus those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, a true technical scope of the present invention should be determined by appended claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
10-2020-0117559 | Sep 2020 | KR | national |