Embodiments of the present invention relate to apparatuses and methods for use in cutting hairs.
Haircutting requires considerable skill. Individuals typically attend cosmetology school to learn how to safely and effectively cut hairs. When a novice tries to cut hairs, they may find that it is difficult to cut hairs in a straight line or in the shape they want. The individual strands in a given section should be combed straight, secured, and then cut carefully to ensure a straight line is created in that section. To cut the hairs on the whole head, this should be done repeatedly, with many sections combined creating the haircut. Since the entire head cannot be viewed at once, it is difficult to know if a section of hairs on one side of the head is the same length or symmetrical to a section of hairs on the other side of the head.
The perimeter shape of a haircut is important because it creates the basic framework for the haircut, on top of which layers or texture can be created, if desired. As the term is used herein, the “perimeter” refers to the shape created by the hairs that correspond to the bottom margin of a haircut, as can be appreciated from
Embodiments of the present invention, which are disclosed herein, are useful for aiding in creating a desired perimeter shape for a haircut. In accordance with specific embodiments, patterns, which include threads of pre-defined or customizable lengths, are configured to be laid on a head of a person (or a mannequin) and combed along with the hairs of the person (or the mannequin). The threads remain visible among the hairs so that the haircutter can cut the ends of the hairs even with the ends of the threads or some other marker along the length of the threads. The hairs may be cut with scissors, a hair clipper or any other haircutting instrument capable of cutting hairs.
In accordance with specific embodiments, a pattern includes a spine for positioning the pattern on the head, and threads that emanate from the spine, as shown in
In accordance with certain embodiments, the threads are a different color than the hairs so that they can be more readily seen on top of the hairs or if they mix with the hairs. For example, the color of the threads can be neon yellow, neon green, neon pink, neon purple, neon orange, electric blue or any other bright color that will likely contrast most peoples' hair colors. Threads of other colors can alternatively be used. More generally, the threads are preferably a bright color (examples of which were provided above) that differs from known natural hair colors. When the pattern is placed in the correct position, and the threads are combed along with the hairs, the ends of the threads define where the hairs should be cut. When the haircutter cuts the hairs to match the ends of the threads, the resulting perimeter shape of the cut hairs will be the same as the pattern. Alternatively, the pattern may be made of up threads that transition between colors such that cutting along one color line results in a certain perimeter shape, and cutting along a different color line results in a different perimeter shape. It is also noted that similarly shaped haircuts (e.g., two haircuts that have ends that are in a straight line that is parallel to the ground) that are of different hair lengths are considered, for the purpose of this description, to correspond to different perimeter shapes. For a more specific example, a short straight haircut is considered to have a different perimeter shape than long straight haircut.
Because different people have different head sizes, shapes and hair growth patterns, patterns may fit people differently, or may look different on different head shapes. To account for this, in accordance with certain embodiments, patterns have customizable features, which are described below.
In accordance with certain embodiments, the length of a spine of a pattern can be shortened or lengthened to better match the dimensions of a person's head. More specifically, in certain embodiments the length of the spine can be adjusted to match a distance from the top of the forehead to the apex of the head, or more generally, to match the length of a center hair part. In an embodiment, this can be done by cutting off a portion of the front and/or back of the spine. In another embodiment, this can be done by sliding a moveable overlapping section in the middle of the spine. In still another embodiment, this can be accomplished by overlapping the spine on itself and securing it in position. In a further embodiment, the spine can include an elastic material which can be stretched onto a rigid member of the spine which is customized for the user's anatomy. Further embodiments encompass combinations of aforementioned embodiments.
Patterns can be designed in a variety of shapes, sizes and lengths so that the ends of the threads define various different desired perimeter shapes. Different head shapes (for example, more or less rounded) can affect the perimeter shape created by a given pattern. To account for this, in certain embodiments the lengths of the threads on a pattern can be adjustable. In an embodiment, the threads in certain locations along the spine may be pulled up or down through the spine until the bottom of the threads define the desired perimeter length and shape. The threads can then be secured so that the pattern can be used in the newly adjusted configuration. Alternately, the threads could be adjusted by simply cutting the ends of the threads to make them conform with the desired perimeter, then using the pattern to cut the hair. To aid in the cutting of the threads, various lines can be imprinted on the threads that enable the threads to be cut in a manner that maintains a desired perimeter shape.
In accordance with an embodiment, a pattern can include very long threads that enable a customer to customize the pattern herself/himself. In such an embodiment, threads of the pattern can be cut to the desired length and shape before the pattern is secured in place and used to cut hairs to match the pattern.
In another embodiment, a pattern can have fully adjustable threads. In such an embodiment, the threads can be pulled up or down through the spine until the free ends define the desired perimeter shape. Then the portions of the threads adjacent the spine can be secured in place to secure the perimeter shape.
Patterns can be made for a whole head, as shown in
A pattern can have a long thin spine with threads extending from both sides, as shown in
The spine may be made of various different types of materials, such as, but not limited to, fabric, plastic, Velcro, elastic, and/or other materials that enable threads to be affixed to the spine and allows the spine to be placed upon a head. The spine should preferably provide some support for the threads of the pattern so that the threads are not easily pulled out of alignment. In certain embodiments, a spine includes holes for the threads to pass through so that the threads may be adjustable in length. In certain embodiments the spine may also contain some feature that allows the hairs near each other to be moved with some uniformity. For example, threads can be attached to a flexible plastic dowel, as shown in
The threads may be made of various different types of materials, such as, but not limited to, sewing thread, plastic, and/or any other material formed in strands so that they may be combed along with the hair and are visible among the hairs. The threads are preferably made of a material that does not stretch when pulled, so that the lengths of the threads remain consistent despite various degrees of pulling on the threads during combing or brushing. In certain embodiments, the entire lengths of the threads are the same color. In other embodiments, the ends of the threads that are used to define the perimeter shape are a different color from the remaining portions of the threads, so as to make the ends of the threads more easily noticed. In other embodiments, the threads may have multiple colors, each color indicating a different perimeter shape. The diameter of the threads is preferably thicker than that of human hairs, but is preferably thin enough that the threads can be combed or brushed together with hairs. In accordance with certain embodiments, the diameter of the threads is within the range from about 0.1 mm to about 1.0 mm. Alternative thread diameters are also possible.
In the embodiments described with reference to
The haircutting patterns described herein can be manufactured and sold as a one-size fits all product. Such a one-size fits all products may not be adjustable. Alternatively, such a one-size fits all product can include a spine having an adjustable length and/or can include threads having an adjustable length. The haircutting patterns described herein can alternatively be manufactured and sold in different sizes. For example, there can be a child size and an adult size, which takes into account that the average size head of children and the average size head of adults differ, and that appropriate hair lengths may differ between children and adults considering that the average distance between the top of the head and shoulders is different between children and adults. It is also possible that the haircutting patterns described herein can be manufactured and sold in numerous different sizes, e.g., for different head diameters and/or different distances between the top of the head and shoulders. Other variations are also possible and within the scope of an embodiment of the present invention. For example, there can be different patterns manufactured and sold for different hair styles. For another example, there can be female haircutting patterns and separate male haircutting patterns.
In embodiments where threads of a pattern is intended to be cut at the same time that hairs are being cut, by cutting along a demarcation line, the pattern can be reused in the future to cut that same perimeter shaped haircut. It is also possible that a pattern including multiple different demarcation lines is cut along one the demarcation lines before the spine of the pattern is affixed to hairs and/or a scalp. In this case, the free ends of the threads (after they are cut) will define a perimeter shape of a haircut, similar to in the embodiments described above with reference to 3A-3D.
A pattern can be attached to a scalp and/or hairs in various different manners. In certain embodiments, the spine and/or threads of a pattern are attached to hairs by clips or bobby pins. Alternatively the spine may include tabs that can be attached to the hairs below, such that the threads lie freely on top of the tabs. One or more clips or bobby pins can be permanently attached to spine. Alternatively, one or more clips can come in a same package as a pattern and can be used to attach the spine and/or threads of the pattern to hairs of a head. In an embodiment, the clips have a non-slip (e.g., rubberized, tacky and/or textured) coating to help affix a pattern to the hairs and prevent a spine of the patterns from moving when the threads of the pattern are combed into the hair. In an embodiment, a spine includes openings or pockets through which portions of a clip can be inserted. Additionally, or alternatively, a portion of the spine intended to contact the head can include a water-soluble adhesive that is covered by a removable backing strip that when removed exposes the adhesive, which can be used to adhere the spine to a scalp and/or hairs. Alternatively, a water-soluble glue that comes in a tube or other dispenser can be used to attach a spine of a pattern to a scalp at a hair part.
In an embodiment, the threads include an indicator at their ends (e.g., electrical or chemical) that is identifiable by a haircutting tool so that the haircutting tool beeps, illuminates, or vibrates to indicate the end of the thread has been reached, or so that the haircutting tool is actuated to cut the hair automatically.
In an embodiment, the ends of the threads can contain washable dye. When the ends are in the correct position, the ends can be squeezed, releasing the dye into the hair at the correct position, indicating where the hair should be cut. In another embodiment, the threads can be tubes containing dye. When the ends of the threads are in the correct position, the dye is injected out to mark the hairs, indicating where they should be cut.
Embodiments of the present invention described above can be used by a person to cut their own hairs. Alternatively, embodiments of the present invention described above can instead be used by a person to cut another person's hairs.
Embodiments of the present invention are also directed to methods of cutting hairs using the patterns described above. Such methods can include attaching a spine and/or threads of a pattern to a head, brushing or combining the threads and the hairs so that the threads lie along a fall line of the hair, and cutting ends of the hairs to be substantially even with ends of the threads or some other indicated point (e.g., where a color ends) along the threads. More specifically, as was described above with reference to
The previous description of the preferred embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the embodiments of the present invention. While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, combinations of the various embodiments described above are also within the scope of the present invention.
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/864,846, filed Aug. 12, 2013, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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61864846 | Aug 2013 | US |