The present invention relates to a PCD drill for performing cutting work and a manufacturing method for the PCD drill.
One known type of drills used for cutting work (machining) is PCD drills having a tip that contains sintered diamond or polycrystalline diamond (PCD). This tip is made from a partial cut of a tip cutting tool, which is formed from a substrate made of cemented carbide and PCD disposed on the substrate. This tip is then joined to a body component, and cutting edges and thinning faces are further formed. Thereafter, flutes (cutting chip ejection grooves) are formed, thereby fabricating a body. The body component is made of cemented carbide, for example.
Flutes are typically formed by grinding work with a diamond grinding stone or by electrical discharge machining (see Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2009-226539, for instance). Here, although grinding work can be done in a short time, it has a disadvantage in that it cannot be easily performed many times because the diamond grinding stone undergoes much wear when flutes are formed on PCD. Meanwhile, electrical discharge machining requires a long time for formation of flutes because it is lower in processing ability than grinding work.
For these reasons, it is conceivable to perform wire-cut electrical discharge machining when forming flutes on a tip cutting tool, and perform grinding work with a diamond grinding stone when forming flutes on the body component.
When the working tool for forming flutes is changed between the tip side and the body component side as mentioned above, minute steps will be created in the flute. This leads to the risk of cutting chips being caught in the steps and failing to be ejected.
A main object of the present invention is to provide a PCD drill that can be fabricated efficiently.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a PCD drill that eliminates the risk of cutting chips failing to be ejected.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method for such PCD drills.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a polycrystalline diamond (PCD) drill is provided, the polycrystalline diamond drill including a body component and a tip cutting tool formed from a substrate made of cemented carbide and a diamond layer disposed on the substrate, the tip cutting tool being set on a tip of the body component in a manner that the substrate faces the body component, thereby constituting a body. Both the diamond layer and the cemented carbide are configured to be exposed on rake faces and thinning faces formed on the tip cutting tool, and a first twist angle of the diamond layer is set smaller than a second twist angle of the substrate and the body component. Here, the “diamond layer” in the present invention shall include a layer composed only of diamond as well as a composite layer containing diamond and cemented carbide.
Using the configuration described above, creation of a step between the flute formed on the diamond layer and the flute formed on the substrate and the body component is prevented. Accordingly, cutting chips easily pass through the flutes. In other words, cutting chips are prevented from being caught in the flutes and stopping there. Thus, the risk of cutting chips failing to be ejected is eliminated.
Preferably, on the thinning faces, an extreme tip of each of flutes is located near a boundary between the diamond layer and the substrate. This gives the flutes relatively large opening area and cross-sectional area. Thus, it is further easier for cutting chips to pass through the flutes.
The body component may be composed of cemented carbide, for example, as with the substrate. This would have the advantage of facilitating the formation of flutes on the substrate and the body component.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a manufacturing method for a polycrystalline diamond (PCD) drill including a body component and a tip cutting tool formed from a substrate made of cemented carbide and a diamond layer disposed on the substrate is provided. The manufacturing method includes: a process of joining a cylindrical member which will be made into the tip cutting tool to a tip of the body component in a manner that the substrate faces the body component side; a process of performing electrical discharge machining on the cylindrical member to form cutting edges and thinning faces and to expose both the diamond layer and the substrate on rake faces and the thinning faces; a process of performing electrical discharge machining on the diamond layer to form a first preliminary flute in a manner that the first preliminary flute is made at a first twist angle; and a process of applying grinding work to the body component and the substrate to form a second preliminary flute in a manner that the second preliminary flute adjoins the first preliminary flute and is made at a second twist angle larger than the first twist angle.
By thus varying the twist angle, the second preliminary flute can be formed such that creation of a step between the same and the first preliminary flute is prevented, while preventing the interference of the grinding stone with the first preliminary flute. That is, flutes having smooth inner surfaces are obtained. Accordingly, the risk of cutting chips being caught in a step and having difficulty in ejection is eliminated.
Moreover, since electrical discharge machining is performed on the hard diamond layer, a grinding stone used for grinding work on the substrate and the body component is prevented from wearing down in a short period. Accordingly, the grinding stone can be used repeatedly when the second preliminary flute is formed on plural body components.
On the substrate and the body component, by contrast, grinding work is performed with a grinding stone. Thus, the second preliminary flute can be formed efficiently.
Consequently, the efficiency of manufacture of a PCD drill is improved.
Preferably, an extreme tip of the second preliminary flute is located near a boundary between the diamond layer and the substrate. In this manner, it is possible to form a flute having large opening area and cross-sectional area, and facilitating the passage of cutting chips therethrough.
An electrode for performing the electrical discharge machining to form the first preliminary flute may be advanced from the diamond layer side to the substrate side, and then a grinding stone for performing the grinding work to form the second preliminary flute may be advanced from the body component side to the substrate side. This facilitates the formation of a first preliminary flute and a second preliminary flute having different twist angles from each other.
The grinding stone used for performing grinding work is desirably a diamond grinding stone because of its high hardness and resistance to wear.
In the present invention, the twist angle on the substrate and the body component is set larger than the twist angle on the diamond layer. Thus, the flute (the first preliminary flute) on the diamond layer and the flute (the second preliminary flute) on the substrate and the body component smoothly adjoin each other, preventing the creation of a step between them.
Accordingly, a situation where cutting chips have difficulty in ejection due to presence of a step is prevented, allowing cutting chips to easily pass through the flutes. Thus, the risk of cutting chips stopping in a flute and failing to be ejected is eliminated.
Besides, since the flute (the first preliminary flute) on the hard diamond layer is formed by electrical discharge machining, whereas flute (the second preliminary flute) on the substrate and the body component, which are relatively soft, is formed by grinding work, the flutes can be formed efficiently while preventing the grinding stone from wearing down in a short period. Thus, the efficiency of manufacture of a PCD drill is improved.
A manufacturing method for a PCD drill according to the present invention is described in detail below by showing a preferred embodiment thereof in relation to the resultant PCD drill and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The substrate 20 is a disk-shaped member made of cemented carbide. Meanwhile, the PCD layer 22 is a disk-shaped member containing sintered polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and disposed so as to cover an end face of the substrate 20. The PCD layer 22 may be either a single-material layer made only of PCD or a composite material layer made from a composite of PCD and cemented carbide. The cemented carbide contained in the substrate 20 and the PCD layer 22 may be WC—Co and the like, by way of example. The ratio of PCD to cemented carbide may be set in the range of PCD:cemented carbide=90:10 to 10:90 in volume, for example.
In the substrate 20, a V-groove 24 is formed as shown in
A large part of the body component 14 defines a body 30 together with the tip cutting tool 12, and one end of the body component 14, having a substantially cylindrical shape, defines a shank 32. In the body 30, two flutes 36a, 36b are formed so that they have a phase difference of about 180° across a chisel point 34. That is, the PCD drill 10 is a so-called twist drill. The flutes 36a, 36b, also called helical gashes, extend helically along the longitudinal direction of the body 30. The flutes 36a, 36b do not cross each other at any point.
As shown in
A cutting edge 50a is formed on a ridge of the first flank 42a that faces the side of the flute 36b. As shown in
The hatching in
An extreme tip 58a of the flute 36a is located near the boundary between the first region 54a and the second region 56a. Similarly, an extreme tip 58b of the flute 36b is located near the boundary between the first region 54b and the second region 56b.
As shown in
Next, the manufacturing method for the PCD drill 10, which is basically configured as discussed above, is described.
To start with, as shown in
Next, the V-groove 24 shown in
Next, as shown in
Next, as shown in
The movement of the electrode 64a is stopped immediately after the electrode 64a has reached the substrate 20. Thereafter, the electrode 64a is separated from the first preliminary flute 70.
Next, as shown in
As described, this embodiment forms the first preliminary flute 70 by performing electrical discharge machining on the PCD layer 22, which is hard. As a result, the diamond grinding stone 72 is prevented from wearing down in a short period, so that the diamond grinding stone 72 can be used repeatedly. That is, many rounds of grinding work can be carried out with the same diamond grinding stone 72.
By contrast, on the substrate 20 and the body component 14 (the round bar 62) made of a relatively soft material such as cemented carbide, the second preliminary flute 74 is formed by grinding work with the diamond grinding stone 72. Although the second preliminary flute 74 is longer than the first preliminary flute 70, grinding work can form the second preliminary flute 74 in a shorter time than electrical discharge machining. Accordingly, the flutes 36a, 36b can be formed efficiently.
Moreover, when performing the grinding work described above, this embodiment sets the second twist angle β so that it is larger than the first twist angle α. This prevents interference of the diamond grinding stone 72 with the PCD layer 22 during the grinding work on the substrate 20. Accordingly, the second preliminary flute 74 is easily formed on the substrate 20, and wear of the diamond grinding stone 72 resulting from grinding of the PCD layer 22 can be prevented as well.
Additionally, since the second twist angle β is larger than the first twist angle α, formation of a step between the first preliminary flute 70 and the second preliminary flute 74 is prevented. Thus, the flutes 36a, 36b with no step are obtained.
When cutting work is performed using such a PCD drill 10, cutting chips will easily pass through the flutes 36a, 36b to be ejected. Thus, the risk of cutting chips stopping in the flutes 36a, 36b is eliminated. This is because formation of steps in the flutes 36a, 36b is prevented as mentioned above.
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the above-descried embodiment but various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, use of the diamond grinding stone 72 in the grinding work for forming the second preliminary flute 74 is not essential; the grinding work may be done with other kind of grinding tool.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2016-183323 | Sep 2016 | JP | national |
This application is a Divisional of application Ser. No. 16/334,403 filed on Mar. 19, 2019, which is a 371 National Phase of PCT/JP/2017/033826 filed on Sep. 20, 2017, the entire contents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference. This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-183323 filed on Sep. 20, 2016, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 16334403 | Mar 2019 | US |
Child | 17899666 | US |