The present invention relates generally to the field of sheaths used to facilitate passage of other medical instrument into body cavities or vessels.
In many percutaneous medical procedures tubular sheaths are used as passageways providing access for other medical devices into body cavities or vessels. For example, vascular sheaths are used to give access into the vasculature for catheters, cardiovascular leads, or other therapeutic or diagnostic devices. In some such procedures, the sheath is passed into a blood vessel and the catheter or other device is inserted through the lumen of the sheath into the body. The sheath is next removed from the vessel, leaving the catheter or other device remaining in the vessel. In some cases where the catheter/lead etc has a large hub or connector at its proximal end, the sheath must be longitudinally split or peeled apart to allow it to be removed from the catheter.
In conventional laparoscopic procedures, multiple small incisions or ports are formed through the skin and underlying muscle and peritoneal tissue to provide access to the peritoneal cavity for the various instruments and scopes needed to complete the procedure. Trocar sleeves or sheaths are positioned within the incisions, and the instruments are passed through these sleeves into the cavity. These sleeves or sheaths remain in the incision for the duration of the procedure and are not peeled away from the instruments passed through them.
Applicant's co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 12/649307, filed Dec. 29, 2009, Attorney Docket No. TRX-1820, ACTIVE INSTRUMENT PORT SYSTEM FOR MINIMALLY-INVASIVE SURGICAL PROCEDURES, which is incorporated herein by reference, describes an active port system used to give multi-instrument access into the abdominal cavity. The system disclosed in the prior application includes an insertion tube through which a plurality of access tubes extend. At least two of the access tubes extend from the distal end of the insertion tube. Link arms coupled to the distal portions of these access tubes are pivotable to change the lateral spacing of the access tubes. In use, the insertion tube is introduced through an incision in the umbilicus or another area of a body wall such as the abdominal wall. Instruments are passed through the plurality of access tubes and used to gain access to an operative site within the body cavity. It is desirable to minimize trauma to surrounding tissue as the distal end of the system (e.g. the distal portions of the access tubes and link arms the insertion tube) is inserted into the abdominal cavity. The present application discloses a sheath suitable for this purpose.
As will be appreciated from the discussion that follows, the disclosed sheath is equally suitable for use other types of access systems, including but not limited to more conventional laparoscopic trocar systems, systems for natural orifice surgical access, and systems providing percutaneous intravascular access.
Referring to
A pair of slots 32 are formed in the wall of the funnel 10 between the base 30 and the distal section 24. The entrance to each slot 32 has a radiused lower edge 34 and a beveled upper edge 36. The slots 32 extend into the lumen 22 of the funnel 10.
Referring to
A pair of longitudinal split lines 40 (one is visible) are positioned opposite one another along the body of the sheath and divide the sheath into longitudinal body sections 41. The split lines 40 can extend the full length of the sheath, or they may terminate proximal to the distal end of the sheath. Split lines 38 are formed using any process that will make the split lines 40 weaker than the surrounding material, so that the sheath will preferentially split along the split lines 40 when a user pulls the finger grips 38 away from one another. Suitable processes for forming the split lines 40 include etching or scoring of the sheath material, or manufacturing the split lines 40 using a material less resistant to tearing than the surrounding material.
The tip 14 is a distally tapered element formed of polymeric or other material. The tether 16 is attached to the tip. In one embodiment, the tether 16 extends through openings 44 formed in the tip as shown. The tip 14 is coupled to the distal end of sheath 12, and is removed from the sheath when a user pulls on the tether 16.
Various arrangements may be used to couple the tip 14 to the sheath 12. In one embodiment, the proximal end of the tip has an opening 42 that is press fit over the distal end of the sheath. Alternatively, a proximal portion of the tip may be inserted into the lumen of the sheath. In either case, friction or light adhesives may be used to retain the tip on the sheath until it is actively removed using the tether.
As shown in
Use of the system 100 will next be described with reference to an access system 200 of the type disclosed in Applicant's U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/141088, filed Dec. 28, 2008 (Attachment A hereto). Referring to
Referring to
The distal end of the access system 200, with the sheath system 100 thereon as in
After the insertion tube 210 has been advanced into the body, the user pulls on the tether 16 to detach the tip 14 from the distal end of the sheath 12. The tip hangs freely within the body cavity, suspended from the tether. The user may couple a proximal portion of the tether 16 to the funnel 10 or to a portion of the access system 200 that remains outside the body.
Next, the user retracts the sheath 12 to allow the tubes 212 and link arms 218 be exposed so they can deployed to an expanded position. To retract the sheath, the user pulls the finger grips 38 apart as discussed in connection with
The sheath system 100 provides the user with a number of options concerning how to proceed at this point. The user can fully separate the longitudinal sections 41 of the sheath, and remove the longitudinal sections 41 from the funnel 10, leaving only the funnel in place surrounding the insertion tube 210. Once the user has finished using the access system 200, s/he can withdraw access system 200 from the body, thereby removing the insertion tube 210 from the funnel 10 and leaving the funnel in place within the body incision. The funnel can thus serve as an access port through the incision, allowing other instruments or instrument systems to be used through the funnel 10.
In an alternate procedure, rather than fully separating the sheath, the more distal portion of the sheath can remain intact as shown in
A second embodiment of a sheath system 110 is shown in
While certain embodiments have been described above, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example, and not limitation. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. This is especially true in light of technology and terms within the relevant art(s) that may be later developed.
Any and all patents, patent applications and printed publications referred to above are incorporated by reference.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. application Ser. No. 61/144,926, filed Jan. 15, 2009.
Number | Date | Country | |
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61144926 | Jan 2009 | US |