The present invention relates to exercise equipment.
The benefits of regular exercise have been well established and accepted. However, due to time constraints, inclement weather, and other reasons, many people are prevented from activities such as participating in sports, walking, jogging, running, and swimming. As a result, a variety of exercise equipment has been developed. It is generally desirable to exercise a large number of different muscles over a large range of motion so as to provide for balanced physical development, and to achieve optimum levels of exercise. It is further advantageous for exercise equipment to provide smooth and natural motion, thus avoiding significant jarring and strain that can damage both muscles and joints.
While various exercise systems are known in the prior art, these systems suffer from a variety of shortcomings that limit their benefits and/or include unnecessary risks and undesirable features. For example, stationary bicycles are a popular exercise system in the prior art; however, these machines employ a sitting position that utilizes only a relatively small number of muscles, through a fairly limited range of motion. Cross-country skiing exercise devices are also utilized to simulate the gliding motion of cross-country skiing. While cross-country skiing devices exercise more muscles than stationary bicycles, the substantially flat shuffling foot motion provided by the ski devices limits the range of motion of some of the muscles being exercised.
Treadmills are still a further type of exercise device in the prior art. Treadmills allow natural walking or jogging motions; however, treadmills can enable significant impact loads to be transferred to the hips, knees, ankles, and other joints of a user, particularly when the treadmill is used to simulate running or jogging.
Another type of exercise device simulates stair climbing. Such devices can be composed of foot levers that are pivotally mounted to a frame at their forward ends and have foot-receiving pads at their rearward ends. A user pushes his/her feet down against the foot levers to simulate stair climbing. Resistance to the downward movement of the foot levers is provided by springs, fluid shock absorbers and/or other elements. These devices exercise more muscles than stationary bicycles; however, the rather limited range of up-and-down motion utilized does not exercise the leg muscles of a user through a large range of motion. The substantially vertical reciprocating motion of such stair climbing exercise machines can result in substantial impact loads being applied to the hips, knees, ankles and other joints of a user. Further, the up-and-down reciprocating motion can induce a hyperextension of the knee of a user.
A relatively new class of exercise devices is capable of producing elliptical motion that better simulates the natural stride of a person. Elliptical motion is much more natural and analogous to running, jogging, and walking than the linear-type, back and forth motions produced by some prior art exercise equipment. However, some users find the repetitive elliptical motion occurring about a generally fixed plane to be routine and not stimulating.
One drawback of all these exercise devices is that they do not generally replicate one of the natural human motions employed in many athletic endeavors. In particular, they do not replicate a motion having a forward/rearward component, an upward/down ward component, and a side-to-side component. Stationary bicycles, cross-country skiing simulators, stair climbers, treadmills, and even elliptical devices all utilize a strict front-to-back or striding type motion. What would thus be advantageous would be an exercise device that emulates a natural human movement that includes not only front-to-back motion but also side-to-side and up-and-down motions.
In the prior art, various attempts have been made to utilize the use of side-to-side motion instead of a front-to-back walking or striding type motion. In contrast to the aforementioned cross-country skiing simulator that utilizes a striding motion, various devices attempt to simulate the experience of downhill skiing. While these devices do incorporate some limited side-to-side motion, these devices have not been met with general commercial approval as not offering a high level downhill skiing simulation while being unyielding and cumbersome to use. Some attempts to utilize side-to-side motion instead of a front-to-back walking or striding type motion have overcompensated and are limited to strict side-to-side motion; these, however, do no better in simulating the actual human experience of such exercise activates as downhill skiing, ice-skating, in-line roller skating, etc.
Further, many of prior art devices, in particular stationary bicycles, stair climbers and treadmills, do not provide a total body exercise incorporating the upper body of a user. Accordingly, such prior art devices provide a user with the ability to exercise and develop his or her upper body muscles.
Accordingly, a continuing need exists for an exercise device that provides a natural fluid exercise motion incorporating side-to-side, up-and-down, and front and back movement with a user-defined stride length. There is also a need for an exercise device that enables a user to exercise muscles in a smooth natural manner over a large range of motion, without applying undesirable impact loads to the joints of a user. It would be desirable for such an exercise device to be configured for convenient use in a relatively confined space even in inclement weather. It would also be desirable to provide an exercise device incorporating this unique natural three directional movement in combination with an upper body exercise assembly to provide a complete total body exercise device. Further, a continuing need also exists for an exercise device that provides a unique engaging motion and is fun to use.
An exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention provides a side-to-side, up-and-down, and front-to-back movement with a user-defined stride length. An exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention exercise muscles in a smooth natural manner, without applying undesirable impact loads to the joints of a user. An exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention can be conveniently used in a relatively confined space even in inclement weather. An exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention incorporates a unique natural three directional movement in combination with an upper body exercise assembly to provide a complete total body exercise device. An exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention provides a unique engaging motion and is fun to use.
In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a pendulous exercise device is provided that comprises first and second swing arms pivotally coupled to a frame. The first and second swing arms extend from the frame at an angle from vertical. First and second footpads are provided pivotally coupled to the first and second swing arms, respectively. The exercise device defines a footpath for each footpad. The footpath includes a forward/rearward component, an upward/downward component and an inward/outward component.
This invention will become more fully understood from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings described herein below, and wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts.
Referring to
The swing assembly 16 includes a first pendulum assembly 18 and second pendulum assembly 31. Each of the first pendulum assembly 18 and the second pendulum assembly 31 are configured to swing in a front-to-back, side-to-side and up-and-down motion, as described in detail below. The first pendulum assembly 18 includes a first swing arm 20 and a first follower arm 22; likewise, the second pendulum assembly 31 includes a second swing arm 33 and a second follower arm 34. The top of the first swing arm 20 and the second swing arm 33 can be attached to a first swing arm pivot 24 and a second swing arm pivot 35, respectively, and positioned on a transverse support member 29 of the frame 14. The top of the first follower arm 22 and the second follower arm 37 can be attached to a first follower arm pivot 26 and a second follower arm pivot 37, respectively, also positioned on the transverse support member 29. In accordance with the principles of the present invention, by varying the orientation of these pivots the swinging motion of the exercise device can be varied, as described in detail below.
While the exercise device 10 described herein utilizes a linkage assembly as the cross-coupling assembly to coordinate the motion of the first and second pendulum assemblies, various alternative mechanical arrangements for the cross-coupling assembly may be employed such as, for example, a sprocket assembly, a pulley system, a cam system, or an electro-mechanical system. In addition, the present invention can include a load application system such as, for example, an eddy current brake assembly for selectively applying a braking or retarding force on the motion of the first and second pendulum assemblies 18 and 31. Alternative load application systems for applying braking or retarding forces to the first and second pendulum assemblies can be used, such as, for example, eddy current brake assembly, friction brakes, fluid resistance, or an alternator/generator. Still further, the four-bar linkage formed by the first pendulum assembly 18 and the second pendulum assembly 31 can take alternate configurations. For example, each of follower arms can extend upward from its respective footpad to only a portion of the length of its respective swing arm. Then, a crosslink member can be used to link the upward end of the follower arm to the swing arm at a predetermined location between the ends of the swing arm. Other configurations such as for example a single link with an upper and lower gear (sprocket or pulley) and a chain (or belt or rope) extending around each gear can serve as a pendulum assembly in accordance with the present invention.
The first pendulum assembly 18 supports the first footpad 40; likewise, the second pendulum assembly 31 supports the second footpad 51. The first footpad 40 and the second footpad 51 are coupled to a first footpad support 42 and a second footpad support 53, respectively. In an alternative embodiment, a pendulum type support can be used to support the footpad 40. The bottoms of the first swing arm 20 and the first follower arm 22 can be attached to the footpad support 42 by a first swing arm foot pivot 44 and a first follower arm foot pivot 46; likewise, the bottoms of the second swing arm 33 and the second follower arm 34 can be attached to the second footpad support 53 by a second swing arm foot pivot 55 and a second follower arm foot pivot 57. In one embodiment, the footpads 40, 51 can be made to facilitate the stability of a user while on the exercise device 10 by for example comprising a frictional material such as rubber defining a frictional surface such as for example ridges thereon. Other footpad configurations can also be used.
The motion of the first pendulum assembly 18 and the second pendulum assembly 31 can be coordinated and/or synchronized by use of a cross-coupling assembly, best seen in
The flywheel 72 can be connected to a smaller driven sheave on an axle 73 of a step-up pulley 74 via a belt 76 (best seen in
The alternator/generator can be used to provide resistance or braking to the exercise device as well as to generate power for use by system electronics. A resistance control can be provided that controls the load application system. The resistance can be transmitted to a central processing unit (CPU) provided with the exercise device through an analog to digital interface and controller. In one embodiment, a speed control can be provided.
It may be desirable to monitor the speed of the motion of the first and second pendulum assemblies 18 and 31 so as to measure the strides or strokes traveled, the work performed, the calories burned, etc. by a user of the exercise device. It may also be desirable to control the level of workout experienced by a user. Any standard method of measuring speed may be utilized. For instance, an optical or magnetic strobe wheel may be mounted onto a rotating or moving disk or member of the present device. The speed of the strobe wheel may be monitored by an optical or magnetic sensor to generate an electrical signal related to such rotational speed. The speed can be transmitted to a CPU through an analog to digital interface and controller.
To use the present invention a user stands on the footpads 40, 51, preferably facing away from the pendulum assemblies 18, 31, with the footpads 40 and 51 in a neutral centered position. Alternatively, the user can face towards the pendulum assemblies 18. A user can shift his or her weight to one side thereby imparting a downward force on one footpad, while reducing force on the other footpad, thereby causing the footpad on which the force is exerted to swing downward, rearward and outward while the footpad on which force is reduced swings upward, forward and inward. Importantly, the shifting of the weight of a user contributes to the motion of the exercise device. Further, the stroke or stride length of the exercise device is user defined, thereby increasing the flexibility and versatility of the exercise device.
Upon achieving the desired swing motion, a user alternates the force imparted on the footpads 40, 51, thus imparting a downward force on the footpad on which force had previously been reduced while reducing force on the footpad on which force had previously been exerted. This opposes the inertial momentum of the swing assembly 16, causing the first pendulum assembly 18 and the second pendulum assembly 31 to reverse. This process can be repeated causing the first pendulum assembly 18 and the second pendulum assembly 31 to swing from side-to-side, forward and rearward, and up-and-down.
Referring to
In addition, as previously referenced in accordance with the principles of the present invention the path of the footpads can be varied by varying the orientation of various structural elements. Referring now to
In the embodiment depicted in
Referring now to
In the embodiment depicted in
Thus, in this embodiment, the four-bar linkage results in the footpads establishing a generally raised position from parallel relative to horizontal at the outer bounds of the swinging motion (seen in
In a further embodiment, the exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention can provide arm support assemblies. Referring to
Referring to
While in the embodiments described in
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
The present invention can include a load application system for selectively applying a braking or retarding force on the motion of the first and second pendulum assemblies 18 and 31. The flywheel 72 can act as a step-up pulley to drive a smaller driven sheave 77 via a belt 76. The driven sheave 77 can be mounted on a rotatable stub shaft 79. A load applicator 75 can be provided, such as, for example, an eddy current brake assembly. The eddy current brake assembly can include a solid metallic disk mounted on the stub shaft 79 inboard of driven sheave 77 to also rotate with the driven sheave 77. An annular faceplate of highly electrically conductive material, e.g., copper, can be mounted on the face of the solid disk. A pair of magnet assemblies can be mounted closely adjacent the face of the solid disk opposite the annular plate. The magnet assemblies each include a central core in the form of a bar magnet surrounded by a coil assembly. The magnet assemblies can be positioned along the outer perimeter portion of the disk in alignment with the annular plate. The location of the magnet assemblies may be adjusted relative to the adjacent face of the disk so as to be positioned as closely as possible to the disk without actually touching or interfering with the rotation of the disk. As noted above, the difference in size between the diameters of flywheel 72 and driven sheave 77 results in a step up in rotational speed of the disk relative to the motion of the first and second pendulum assemblies. The rotational speed of the disk is thereby sufficient to produce relatively high levels of braking torque through the eddy current brake assembly.
A resistance control can be provided that controls the load application system. The resistance can be transmitted to a central processing unit (CPU) provided with the exercise device through an analog to digital interface and controller. In one embodiment, a dial control 81 can be provided on or adjacent to one of the hand supports 87, as best seen in
Referring to
The hand supports 87 are bowed away from a user such that the upper and lower regions of the hand supports 87 extend toward a user during use. This hand support configuration enables a user to readily and efficiently reposition his or her hands during use without having to over-extend, reach or abnormally twist his or her body. The curved or bowed configuration of the hand supports 87 provide multiple grasping locations for a user to readily and comfortable perform a variety of arm motions including, pulling down, pushing up, pushing away, pulling in, and any combination of such movements. The large variety of hand positions available to a user by the hand supports 87 provides the user with the ability to exercise different arm and upper body muscles by simply repositioning his or her hands about the hand supports 87. Other hand supports configurations can also be used.
The hand supports 87 can be connected to a pair of support links 89. The support links 89 can be pivotally connected to an upper portion of the frame 14 at hand support pivots 91. The hand support pivots 91 can be angled with respect to vertical to enable the hand supports 87 and the support links 89 to swing in a front-to-back, side-to-side and up-and-down combined motion. Extending from the hand support pivots 91 are hand follower bars 93 that engage linkage members 95. The linkage members 95 engage swing arm follower bars 97, which can be attached to first and second swing arms 20 and 33, respectively. The linkage between the hand supports 87 and first and second swing arms 20 and 33 coordinate front-to-back, side-to-side and up-and-down movement of the hand supports 87 with the front-to-back, side-to-side and up-and-down movement of the footpads. In alternative embodiments, other linkage configurations or equivalent structures for coordinating the movement of the first and second swing arm support assemblies 83 and 85 with the first and second pendulum assemblies 18 and 31 can be used.
Referring to
Upon achieving the desired swing motion, a user alternates the force imparted on the footpads 40, 51, thus imparting a downward force on the footpad on which force had previously been reduced while reducing force on the footpad on which force had previously been exerted. This opposes the inertial momentum of the swing assembly 16, causing the first pendulum assembly 18 and the second pendulum assembly 31 to reverse. This process can be repeated causing the first pendulum assembly 18 and the second pendulum assembly 31 to swing from side-to-side, forward and rearward, and up-and-down. The user can further contribute to the swinging motion of the exercise device 10, by pushing and/or pulling the hand supports 87 in coordination with the alternating application of downward force onto the footpads 40 and 51.
Referring to
Referring to
In another embodiment of the present invention, an exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention can have a user adjustable angle. Referring to
The larger the first angle α becomes (the phantom follower arms and footpad in
Referring to
In addition, the first footpad 40 and the second footpad 51 are pivotally coupled to the first footpad support 42 and the second footpad support 53 at pivot points 111 such that the angle of the footpads 40, 51 can be altered in conjunction with the angle of the upper support member 29. The first footpad 40 and the second footpad 51 include plates 113 which defined a plurality of apertures. The first footpad support 42 and the second footpad support 53 include retractable pins that cooperate with the apertures to secure the first footpad 40 and the second footpad 51 at different angular positions. While the adjustment mechanism described herein is manual, it should be appreciated that an automatic adjustment mechanism is within the scope of the present invention.
This alternative embodiment provides an exercise device that is significantly smaller but which maintains substantially the same motion of the present invention. This alternative embodiment can be made lightweight and portable and thus can used for example for coordinated classes in health clubs for multiple users. In addition, the embodiment of
In another embodiment of the present invention, the frame can also include a handrail or one or more hand grips. The handrail can upwardly extend from the base 12. The handrail can be used to provide additional support and stability to a user during use of the machine. Further, the handrail can be used in combination with, or in lieu of, the swing arm support assemblies.
Thus, an exercise device in accordance with the present invention provides a user with a natural fluid exercise motion incorporating a user-defined three dimensional stride length including a side-to-side, up-and-down, and front and back movement. The exercise device of the present invention can provide a translational movement of the entire body of a user. The exercise device enables a user to exercise muscles in a smooth natural manner over a large range of motion, without applying undesirable impact loads to the joints of a user. The exercise device incorporates this unique natural three directional movement in combination with an upper body exercise assembly to provide a complete total body exercise device. Further, the exercise device of the present invention enables a user to employ a large variety of different body positions and stride lengths when using the device. Significantly, the exercise device built in accordance with the present invention provides a user with a unique engaging motion that is enjoyable to use
While the invention has been described with specific embodiments, other alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it will be intended to include all such alternatives, modifications and variations set forth within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
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