Peptide and its use

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a peptide and its use.
The peptide provided by the present invention can be used for anti-HCV antibody assay, since it is capable of highly specifically binding to the antibody which is specific to the non-A, non-B hepatitis associated antigen (hereinafter referred to as HCV-associated antigen) (this antibody is hereinafter referred to as anti-HCV antibody).
The anti-HCV antibody assay reagent provided by the present invention is capable of detecting the anti-HCV antibody in serum or plasma with high sensitivity and useful in anti-HCV antibody assay.
2. Description of the Prior Art
At present, five viruses are known to cause viral hepatitis, which accounts for the majority of liver diseases, and are called hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis D virus, and hepatitis E virus, respectively. Of these five types of viral hepatitis, hepatitis A and hepatitis E are orally infected, i.e., their infection is transient and does not become chronic. On the other hand, hepatitis B and hepatitis C become chronic by persistent infection and progress to cirrhosis or liver cancer at high probabilities, thus posing a major problem. With respect to hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis D, respective causative viruses have been detected, and it is now possible to make immunological diagnosis of these types of hepatitis. Also, the gene of hepatitis E virus is reported to have recently been isolated. The causative virus of post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis (hereinafter referred to as PTNANBH) remained unknown despite much work by a large number of researchers before 1988, when the research group of Chiron Corporation in the United States succeeded in isolating and identifying the gene of PTNANBH virus from plasma of PTNANBH-infected chimpanzees [Science, vol. 244, p. 359 (1988) and Science, vol. 244, p. 362 (1988)], which virus was named hepatitis C virus (hereinafter abbreviated HCV). A deduced partial base sequence of this gene is already known [European Patent No. 0318216], which permits anti-HCV antibody detection and makes serologic diagnosis of HCV infection possible.
Also, it is reported that a ribonucleic acid which is assumed to be the gene of the causative virus of PTNANBH was isolated and identified from a PTNANBH patient by several researchers including one of the present inventors [Gastroenterologia Japonica, vol. 24, No. 5, p. 540 (1989); Gastroenterologia Japonica, vol. 24, No. 5, p. 545 (1989); and Naika, vol. 64, No. 6, p. 1022 (1989)].
It has been the common practice to make judgment for the presence or absence of anti-HCV antibody by an antigen-antibody reaction using .lambda. phage as a means of screening of the desired cDNA from cDNA library. However, this immunoscreening method provides no quantitative information, and sometimes involve a reaction with a nonspecific antigen component in the Escherichia coli expression product. At present, anti-HCV antibody detection reagents based on enzyme immunoassay using an antigenic protein expressed by cloning the gene of HCV, incorporating it into a phage and using a yeast as the host are under development [Naika, vol. 64, No. 6, p. 1027 (1989)]. Also under development are the particle aggregation method based on the nature of gelatin particles sensitized with virus or its antigen component to aggregate in the presence of an antiviral antibody and the bead method which uses beads coated with virus or its antigen component for enzyme immunoassay.
In the conventional enzyme immunoassay method using an HCV-associated antigen, the anti-HCV antibody positive response rate is about 75% even among the subjects of assay with a clinical diagnosis of PTNANBH, i.e., PTNANBH which is negative for anti-HCV antibody occurs in a ratio of about 25%. Also, in the enzyme immunoassay method described above, the positive response rate is about 1% when the subjects of assay are normal humans, whereas the statistically obtained HCV infection rate is about 3%, i.e., about 2% specimens positive for anti-HCV antibody are overlooked. This fact demonstrates that some carriers are overlooked in HCV carrier screening of blood donors, and the ratio of prevention of transfusion of blood contaminated with non-A, non-B hepatitis virus is not always high. On the other hand, the antigenic protein expressed by cloning the gene of HCV, incorporating it in a phage and using a yeast as the host contains various nonspecific antigen components; therefore, if this antigen protein is used as a reagent for anti-HCV antibody assay, the reagent will recognize not only the anti-HCV antibody in the sample but also nonspecific antibody components other than the anti-HCV antibody, which means that the assay results do not always exactly reflect the presence of anti-HCV antibody. As stated above, the conventional enzyme immunoassay method using an HCV-associated antigen do not permit us to accurately detect the anti-HCV antibody.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a peptide capable of specifically binding to anti-HCV antibody. It is another object of the present invention to provide an assay reagent for anti-HCV antibody.
The present inventors discovered a peptide capable of specifically binding to an antibody specific to the non-A, non-B hepatitis associated antigen out of the peptide fragments selected from polypeptides encoded by the PTNANBH-associated gene, and developed the present invention.
The objects described above can be accomplished by providing a peptide capable of specifically binding to an antibody specific to an HCV-associated antigen containing the amino acid sequence: ##STR1##
Specifically, the peptide of the present invention are peptides having the amino acid sequences represented by the formula (I): ##STR2## or a peptide comprising its fragment, which peptide has the amino acid sequence: ##STR3## and which peptide is capable of specifically binding to an antibody specific to HCV-associated antigen; formula (II): ##STR4## or a peptide comprising its fragment, which peptide has the amino acid sequence: ##STR5## and which peptide is capable of specifically binding to an antibody specific to HCV-associated antigen; and formula (III): ##STR6## or a peptide comprising its fragment, which peptide has the amino acid sequence: ##STR7## and which peptide is capable of specifically binding to an antibody specific to HCV-associated antigen.
The objects can be accomplished by providing an assay reagent for anti-HCV antibody comprising the peptide described above.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 show the OD.sub.492 value distributions obtained by assaying respective serum specimens by the method described in Example 9 using the peptides obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Reference Examples 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
FIGS. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 show the OD.sub.492 value distributions obtained by assaying respective serum specimens by the method described in Example 9 using the peptides obtained in Examples 3, 4 and 5 and Reference Examples 4, 5 and 6, respectively.
FIGS. 12, 13, 14 and 15 show the OD.sub.492 value distributions obtained by assaying respective serum specimens by the method described in Example 9 using the peptides obtained in Examples 6, 7 and 8 and Reference Example 7, respectively.
The symbols used in these figures denote the following:
: OD.sub.492 value from GPT>200 IU; HBsAg(-) serum A
.largecircle.: OD.sub.492 value from GPT>200 IU; HBsAg(-) serum B
x: OD.sub.492 value from GPT>200 IU; HBsAg(-) serum C

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Each abbreviation of amino acid residues used in this specification means the following respectively:
______________________________________Ala: L-alanine residue Arg: L-arginine residueAsn: L-asparagine residue Asp: L-aspartic acid residueCys: L-cysteine residue Gln: L-glutamine residueGlu: L-glutamic acid residue Gly: glycine residueHis: L-histidine residue lle: L-isoleucine residueLeu: L-leucine residue Lys: L-lysine residueMet: L-methionine residue Phe: L-phenylalanine residuePro: L-proline residue Ser: L-serine residueThr: L-threonine residue Trp: L-tryptophan residueTyr: L-tyrosine residue Val: L-valine residue______________________________________
In the present specification, amino acid sequences are described so that the N-terminal amino acid residue is located on the left and the C-terminal amino acid residue is located on the right in accordance with the common practice.
The peptide of the present invention is capable of specifically binding to an antibody specific to HCV-associated antigen, having at least the amino acid sequence: ##STR8##
Of these partial amino acid sequences, Lys Arg Ser Thr Asn (SEQ ID NO: 2) offers particularly high antigenicity for the peptide, and this peptide can preferably be used for assay of antibodies specific to HCV-associated antigen.
There is no limitation on the peptide of the present invention, as long as it has the partial amino acid sequence described above, but it is normally a peptide comprising 10 to 40 amino acids.
Specifically, examples of the peptide of the present invention include the following peptide and peptides comprising its fragment.
Accordingly, the peptide of the present invention is the peptide having the amino acid sequence represented by the formula (I) above or a peptide having its fragment, which peptide has the amino acid sequence Lys Arg Ser Thr Asn (SEQ ID No: 2) and which peptide is capable of specifically binding to an antibody specific to HCV-associated antigen. Here, the peptide comprising said fragment is exemplified by the following fragment peptide (I-a), but this is not to be construed as limitative. ##STR9##
The peptide of the present invention is the peptide having the amino acid sequence represented by the formula (II) above or a peptide having its fragment, which peptide has the amino acid sequence Arg Arg Tyr Lys Glu Lys Glu Lys (SEQ ID NO: 4) and which peptide is capable of specifically binding to an antibody specific to HCV-associated antigen. Here, the peptide comprising said fragment is exemplified by the following fragment peptide (II-a), (II-b) and (II-c) but these are not to be construed as limitative. ##STR10##
The peptide of the present invention is the peptide having the amino acid sequence represented by the formula (III) above or a peptide having its fragment, which peptide has the amino acid sequence Ala Ile Ile Pro Asp Arg Glu Val Leu Tyr (SEQ ID NO: 6) and which peptide is capable of specifically binding to an antibody specific to HCV-associated antigen. Here, the peptide comprising said fragment is exemplified by the following fragment peptide (III-a), (III-b) and (III-c) but these are not to be construed as limitative. ##STR11##
The peptide of the present invention is exemplified by various peptides as above, but preference is given to the peptide of formula (I-a) from the viewpoint of reaction specificity.
The peptide of the present invention is capable of specifically binding to an antibody specific to such an HCV antigen.
The peptide of the present invention can be synthesized by an ordinary method of peptide synthesis such as the solid phase synthesis method or a liquid phase synthesis method such as the stepwise elongation method or the fragment condensation method, but the solid phase synthesis method is preferred since it is simple to operate [Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 85, pp. 2149-2154 (1963); Seikagaku Jikken Koza 1: Tanpakushitsu no Kagaku IV, Kagaku Shusyoku to Pepuchido Gosei, edited by the Japanese Biochemical Society, published by Tokyo Kagaku Dojin, Nov. 15, 1977, pp. 207-495; Zoku Seikagaku Jikken Koza 2: Tanpakushitsu no Kagaku (II), edited by the Japanese Biochemical Society, published by Tokyo Kagaku Dojin, May 20, 1987, pp. 641-694].
Production of the peptide of the present invention by the solid phase synthesis method is carried out, for example, by repeating the process of binding an amino acid corresponding to the C-terminal of the desired peptide or the amide thereof to a polymer insoluble in reaction solvent such as styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer via the .alpha.--COO-- group or .alpha.--CONH-- group obtained by eliminating the hydrogen atom from the .alpha.--COOH group or .alpha.--CONH.sub.2 group contained therein and subsequently condensing and binding the corresponding amino acid or peptide fragment to the amino acid or its amide in the direction of the N-terminal of the desired peptide after protecting the functional group other than the .alpha.--COOH group contained in the amino acid or peptide fragment such as .alpha.-amino acid and the process of eliminating the protective group bound to the amino group which forms the peptide linkage, such as .alpha.-amino group, in the bound amino acid or peptide fragment to elongate the peptide chain to a peptide chain corresponding to the desired peptide, then eliminating the peptide chain from the polymer and removing the protective group from the protected functional group to yield the desired peptide, which is then purified. Here, it is preferable from the viewpoint of suppression of side reaction that the elimination of the peptide chain from the polymer and the removal of the protective group be conducted simultaneously using hydrogen fluoride. Also, it is efficient to purify the obtained peptide by reversed phase liquid chromatography.
Since the peptide of the present invention is capable of specifically binding to anti-HCV antibody, it serves well as an assay reagent for the detection of the anti-HCV antibody which appears due to HCV infection.
Accordingly, the assay reagent of the present invention comprises the peptide of the present invention; the peptide of the present invention is used singly or in combination of two or more kinds.
Anti-HCV antibody assay using the peptide of the present invention is carried out on the basis of any one of fluorescent immunoassay, passive hemagglutination, radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay, which are all known methods. The assay procedure based on enzyme immunoassay, for instance, is described below.
The entire assay system comprises a carrier, the peptide of the present invention as the assay reagent, a blocking agent, a subject sample, a labeled antibody, an enzyme, and a coloring agent. The carrier is coated with the peptide of the present invention and then reacted with the blocking agent to block the nonspecific protein binding site on the carrier. The subject sample is added to the peptide-coated carrier, followed by incubation. Subsequently, the enzyme-labeled antibody is brought into contact with the carrier, followed by incubation. The coloring agent is then added to the carrier thus treated, followed by incubation. The amount of reaction product produced in the reaction between the enzyme and the coloring agent is determined using a spectrometer. The peptide of the present invention may be used singly or in combination of two or more kinds for coating. It is preferable to use an enzyme immunoassay cup or beads of glass or resin as the carrier. Prior to assay runs, the peptide of the present invention is dissolved in a 0.01M carbonate buffer. The resulting solution is added to, for example, a polystyrene enzyme immunoassay cup and then kept standing at 4.degree. C. overnight or at room temperature for 3 hours, whereby the surface of the carrier is coated with the peptide of the present invention. Examples of the blocking agent to block the nonspecific protein binding site on the carrier include bovine serum albumin, casein, powdered skim milk, serum of immunogen animals for antihuman IgG antibody or antihuman IgM antibody, and gelatin. Examples of the labeling antibody include antihuman IgG antibody and antihuman IgM antibody. Examples of the enzyme include alkaline phosphatase, glucose oxidase, peroxidase and beta galactosidase. It is preferable to prepare a conjugate as a part of the entire assay system by binding the enzyme to the labeling antibody using a compound having two or more functional groups, such as glutaraldehyde, before assay runs. An appropriate coloring agent is selected according to the selected enzyme. For example, when selecting peroxidase as the enzyme, o-phenylenediamine is preferred.
As stated above, the present invention provides a peptide capable of specifically binding to anti-HCV antibody. This peptide makes it possible to provide an assay reagent for anti-HCV antibody which is more sensitive and more specific than the conventional assay reagents for anti-HCV antibody.
EXAMPLES
The present invention is hereinafter described in more detail by means of the following examples, but these are not to be construed as limitative on the present invention.
EXAMPLE 1
The peptide represented by the formula (I): ##STR12## was synthesized by the solid phase synthesis method using an automatic peptide synthesizer [model 431A, product of Applied Biosystems Inc., USA].
Specifically, 760 mg of a granular resin [PAM Lysine, t-Boc-L-Lys (Cl-Z), product of Applied Biosystems Inc., USA] comprising a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer [styrene-divinylbenzene molar ratio=99:1] containing 4-[N.sup..alpha. -(t-butoxycarbonyl)-N.sup..epsilon. -(2-chlorobenzyloxycarbonyl)-L-lysyloxymethyl]phenylacetylamidomethyl group ##STR13## in a ratio of 0.65 mmol/g (resin) was sequentially bound with the corresponding L-arginine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, L-serine, and L-threonine in this order in the direction of the N-terminal of the desired peptide in accordance with the series of procedures shown in table 1. In the condensation reaction, the above-mentioned amino acids were used as N.sup..alpha. -(t-butoxycarbonyl)-N.sup..gamma. -(mesitylene-2-sulfonyl)-L-arginine, N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-L-asparagine, N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-L-aspartic acid-.beta.-benzyl ester, N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-L-glutamine, N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-L-glutamic acid-.gamma.-benzyl ester, N.sup..alpha. -(t-butoxycarbonyl)-N.sup..epsilon. -(2-chlorobenzyloxycarbonyl)-L-lysine, N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-O-benzyl-L-serine, and N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-O-benzyl-L-threonine, respectively, and the molar amount of their use was about 4 times the amount of the substrate. Condensation reaction was carried out at room temperature. The reaction time for the entire process needed to bind one amino acid residue ranged from 100 to 110 minutes. After completion of the reaction procedure for all amino acids, the resulting resin was washed by sequential addition of dichloromethane and methanol on a glass filter and then vacuum dried to yield 2.58 g of the dry resin. Then, 0.7 g of the obtained resin was mixed with 1.05 ml of anisole and 0.175 ml of ethyl methyl sulfide in a polytrifluoromonochloroethylene reaction vessel (HF-reactor I type, product of Peptide Institute, Inc.). To this mixture 7.0 ml of hydrogen fluoride was added at a temperature of -20.degree. C., followed by stirring at that temperature for 30 minutes and then at 0.degree. C. for 30 minutes. From the resulting reaction mixture, the hydrogen fluoride, anisole and ethyl methyl sulfide were evaporated off under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was thoroughly washed with diethyl ether and dichloromethane on a glass filter. The washed residue was extracted with 2N aqueous acetic acid, and the extract was lyophilized to yield 200 mg of a crude peptide. The crude product thus obtained was subjected to preparative reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [column: packed with octadecylated silica gel (15 .mu.m in grain diameter), inside diameter 50 mm, length 300 mm, product of Waters, division of MILLIPORE, .mu. BONDASPHERE 15.mu. C18-100; mobile phase: acetonitrile-water mixed solvent containing 0.05% by volume of trifluoroacetic acid (the acetonitrile density was gradually changed from 10% by volume to 20% by volume over a period of 30 minutes); flow rate: 5 ml/min; detection method: spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 210 nm], whereby 80 mg of a purified product of the desired peptide was obtained. The obtained purified product was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [column: packed with octadecylated silica gel (5 .mu.m in grain diameter), inside diameter 4 mm, length 150 mm, TSK-gel ODS-80TM, product of Tosoh Corporation; mobile phase: acetonitrile-water mixed solvent containing 0.05% by volume of trifluoroacetic acid (the acetonitrile density was gradually changed from 5% by volume to 50% by volume over a period of 30 minutes); flow rate: 1 ml/min; detection method: spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 210 nm]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 15.0 minutes. The molecular weight of the purified product was determined to be 3188 by fast atomic bombardment (hereinafter abbreviated FAB) mass spectrometry (theoretical value=3187.53).
TABLE 1______________________________________ Solvent and/or Time Fre-Process reagent used (min) quency______________________________________1: t-butoxy- Trifluoroacetic acid 20 1 carbonyl group removal2: Washing Dichloromethane 3 13: Neutralization N-methylpyrrolidone 4 1 solution containing 5% diisopropylethylamine4: Washing N-methylpyrrolidone 5 15: Condensation N-methylpyrrolidone 55 1 solution containing amino acid, dimethyl- sulfoxide and diiso- propylethylamine6: Washing N-methylpyrrolidone 5 17: Unreacted 10% acetic anhydride and 9 1 amine N-methylpyrrolidone inactivation solution containing 5% diisopropylethylamine8: Washing Dichloromethane 4 1______________________________________
Example 2
The peptide represented by the formula (I-a): Thr Lys Arg Ser Thr Asn Arg Arg Arg Ser (SEQ ID NO: 7) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 14.2 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 1243 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=1243.33).
Example 3
The peptide represented by the formula (II-a): Arg Arg Tyr Lys Glu Lys Glu Lys Thr Ala Thr Asn Asn Pro Gly Lys Asn Lys Lys Pro Arg (SEQ ID NO: 8) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 22.0 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 2542 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=2541.85).
Example 4
The peptide represented by the formula (II-b): Thr His Lys Lys Gln Arg Arg Tyr Lys Glu Lys Glu Lys (SEQ ID NO: 9) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 14.3 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 1758 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=1758.01).
Example 5
The peptide represented by the formula (II-c): Arg Arg Tyr Lys Glu Lys Glu Lys Thr Ala (SEQ ID NO: 10) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 14.5 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 1306 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=1306.49).
Example 6
The peptide represented by the formula (III-a): Ala Ile Ile Pro Asp Arg Glu Val Leu Tyr Arg Glu Phe Asp Glu Met Glu Glu Cys Ser Gln His Leu Pro Tyr Ile Glu Gln Gly Met Met (SEQ ID NO: 11) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 29.8 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 3785 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=3785.19).
Example 7
The peptide represented by the formula (III-b): Arg Val Val Leu Ser Gly Lys Pro Ala Ile Ile Pro Asp Arg Glu Val Leu Tyr (SEQ ID NO: 12) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 28.7 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 1953 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=1953.15).
Example 8
The peptide represented by the formula (III-c): Ala Ile Ile Pro Asp Arg Glu Val Leu Tyr (SEQ ID NO: 13) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 26.9 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 1203 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=1203.34).
Reference Example 1
Of the peptides having the amino acid sequence represented by the formula (I), the peptide represented by the formula: Lys Asp Arg Thr Gln Gln Arg Lys Thr Lys (SEQ ID NO: 14), which lacks the amino acid sequence represented by the formula: Lys Arg Ser Thr Asn (SEQ ID NO: 2) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 11.9 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 1290 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=1290.39).
Reference Example 2
Of the peptides having the amino acid sequence represented by the formula (I), the peptide represented by the formula: Arg Ser Thr Asn Arg Arg Arg Ser Lys Asn Glu Lys Lys Lys Lys (SEQ ID NO: 15), which lacks the amino acid sequence represented by the formula: Lys Arg Ser Thr Asn (SEQ ID NO: 2) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 13.6 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 1915 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=1915.16).
Reference Example 3
The peptide represented by the formula: Glu Gln Asp Gln Ile Lys Thr Lys Asp Arg Thr Gln Gln Arg Lys Thr Lys Arg Ser Thr Asn Arg Arg Arg Ser Lys Asn Glu Lys Lys Lys Lys (SEQ ID NO: 16) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 24.6 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 4031 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=4031.38).
Reference Example 4
Of the peptides having the amino acid sequence represented by the formula (II), the peptide represented by the formula: Glu Lys Lys Gly Glu Ala Ser Asn Gly Glu Ala Glu Asn Asp (SEQ ID NO: 17), which lacks the amino acid sequence represented by the formula: Arg Arg Tyr Lys Glu Lys Glu Lys (SEQ ID NO: 4) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 14.9 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 1473 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=1473.47).
Reference Example 5
Of the peptides having the amino acid sequence represented by the formula (II), the peptide represented by the formula: Thr Asn Asn Pro Gly Lys Asn Lys Lys Pro Arg (SEQ ID NO: 18), which lacks the amino acid sequence represented by the formula: Arg Arg Tyr Lys Glu Lys Glu Lys (SEQ ID NO: 4) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 12.6 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 1253 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=1253.38).
Reference Example 6
Of the peptides having the amino acid sequence represented by the formula (II), the peptide represented by the formula: Val Gly Arg Ile Lys Asn Trp Asn Arg Glu Gly Arg Lys Asp Ala Tyr Gln Ile Arg Lys Arg (SEQ ID NO: 19), which lacks the amino acid sequence represented by the formula: Arg Arg Tyr Lys Glu Lys Glu Lys (SEQ ID NO: 4) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 19.4 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 2644 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=2643.92).
Reference Example 7
Of the peptides having the amino acid sequence represented by the formula (III), the peptide represented by the formula: Arg Val Val Leu Ser Gly Lys Pro Ala Ile Ile (SEQ ID NO: 20), which lacks the amino acid sequence represented by the formula: Ala Ile Ile Pro Asp Arg Glu Val Leu Tyr (SEQ ID NO: 6) was obtained by solid phase synthesis and purification of peptide in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained peptide was subjected to analytical reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography [conditions were the same as above]; a single acute peak appeared at a retention time of 26.7 minutes. The molecular weight of the peptide was determined to be 1081 by FAB mass spectrometry (theoretical value=1081.20).
Reference Example 8
Subject samples
GPT>200 IU; HBsHg(-) serum: 65 specimens
Normal human serum: 10 specimens
Determination by enzyme immunoassay
Each serum specimen was examined for anti-HCV antibody by the following enzyme immunoassay procedure.
To 100 .mu.l of a solution containing the phage .lambda. gt11 having #8 clone, #14 clone and #18 clone, all of which were cloned from the ribonucleic acid isolated by several researchers including one of the present inventors, Escherichia coli Y1090, as the host cell, was added, followed by incubation at 37.degree. C. for 15 minutes, whereby the phage was infected to the E. coli bacterium. Subsequently, the mixture described above was inoculated to an agar medium containing 50 .mu.g/ml ampicillin and cultivated at 43.degree. C. for 3 hours. Next, a nitrocellulose film, immersed in a 10 mM aqueous solution of IPTG for 2 hours and the air dried, was placed on the agar medium described above, followed by incubation at 37.degree. C. for 3 hours. The nitrocellulose film thus treated was washed with three portions of 10 mM tris-HCl (pH 7.5) containing 150 mM NaCl (hereinafter referred to as TS Buffer), and then shaken in 20 mM tris-HCl (pH 7.5) containing 500 mM NaCl and 3% gelatin at room temperature overnight to block the nonspecific protein binding site on the film. Subsequently, the film was washed by shaking in TS Buffer for 2 minutes. The nitrocellulose film obtained above was immersed in a solution obtained by diluting the serum specimen with TS Buffer containing 1% gelatin and then shaken at room temperature for 3 hours. The nitrocellulose film thus treated was shaken in TS Buffer containing 0.05% Tween 20 (hereinafter referred to as TS-T Buffer) at room temperature for 5 minutes. This procedure was repeated in five cycles. Subsequently, the nitrocellulose film was immersed in a goat antihuman IgG antibody-peroxidase conjugate (diluted to an optimum concentration with TS Buffer containing 1% gelatin) and shaken at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The nitrocellulose film thus treated was shaken in TS-T Buffer at room temperature for 5 minutes. This procedure was repeated in five cycles.
Next, the nitrocellulose film was shaken in TS Buffer containing 0.05% HRP-color (product of Bio-Rad Laboratories), 0.05% H.sub.2 O.sub.2 and 17% methanol for a coloring reaction, after which it was shaken in distilled water at room temperature for 5 minutes. This procedure was repeated in five cycles. After air drying, it was judged whether the serum contained anti-HCV antibody or not on the basis of the presence or absence of coloring.
Further, nucleotide sequence of #8 clone (SEQ ID NO: 21) denotes the following: ##STR14##
Nucleotide sequence of #14 clone (SEQ ID NO: 22) denotes the following: ##STR15##
Nucleotide sequence of #18 clone (SEQ ID NO: 23) denotes the following: ##STR16##
Results
Assay results are given in Table 2, showing that the 65 speciments of GPT>200 IU; HBsHg(-) serum can be classified into three groups, namely the group A, found to be positive for two clones of #14 clone and #18 clone, the group B, found to be positive for three clones of #8 clone, #14 clone and #18 clone, and the group C, found to be negative for all of #8 clone, #14 clone and #18 clone.
TABLE 2______________________________________GPT > 200 IU; HBsAg(-) serum Number of specimens______________________________________#8(-), #14(+), #18(+) 30#8(+), #14(+), #18(+) 15#8(-), #14(-), #18(-) 20Total number 65______________________________________Normal human serum Number of specimens______________________________________#8(-), #14(-), #18(-) 10Total number 10______________________________________
Example 9
Subject samples
The sera classified in Reference Example 8 were used.
GPT>200 IU; HBsAg(-) serum A: 30 specimens
GPT>200 IU; HBsAg(-) serum B: 15 specimens
GPT>200 IU; HBsAg(-) serum C: 20 specimens
Normal human serum D: 10 specimens
Determination by enzyme immunoassay
Each serum specimen was examined for anti-HCV antibody by determining the absorbance by the following enzyme immunoassay procedure.
Each of the peptides obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Reference Examples 1, 2 and 3, as the antigen, was dissolved in 0.01M carbonate buffer (pH 9.5). Each obtained peptide solution was added to a polystyrene enzyme immunoassay cup (product of Dynatech Laboratories Incorporation) at 100 .mu.l per cup and kept standing at 4.degree. C. for 12 hours for peptide coating. After removing the peptide solution from each assay cup, 150 .mu.l of 0.01M phosphate buffered saline (hereinafter abbreviated PBS) containing 20% by volume of normal goat serum was added, and each cup was kept standing at room temperature for 3 hours to block the nonspecific protein binding site. Then, after removing the PBS containing 20% by volume of normal goat serum used for blocking, each assay cup was dried.
To each assay cup described above, 100 .mu.l of PBS containing 10% by volume of normal goat serum, as the serum diluent, was added, whereafter each subject serum (30 specimens of GPT>200 IU; HBsAg(-) serum A, 15 specimens of GPT>200 IU; HBsAg(-) serum B, 20 specimens of GPT>200 IU; HBsAg(-) serum C, and 10 specimens of normal human serum D) was added so that the ratio of the serum diluent to the subject serum became 20 to 1 (by volume). After incubation at 37.degree. C. for 1 hour, each cup was washed with three portions of PBS containing 0.05% by volume of Tween 20.
To each assay cup thus treated, 100 .mu.l of a goat antihuman IgG antibody-peroxidase conjugate (diluted to an optimum concentration with PBS containing 10% by volume of normal goat serum) was added. After incubation at 37.degree. C. for 30 minutes, each cup was washed with three portions of PBS containing 0.5% by volume of Tween 20. Subsequently, to each assay cup thus treated, 100.mu.l of coloring agent (prepared by dissolving o-phenylenediamine in a 0.1M citrate-phosphate buffer, pH 5.6, containing 0.02% by volume of hydrogen peroxide, to a final concentration of 0.3% by weight) was added. After this mixture was kept standing at room temperature for 15 minutes, 100 .mu.1 of 2N sulfuric acid was added to stop the reaction, and the absorbance OD.sub.492 at 492 nm of the reaction mixture was determined.
Results
Assay results obtained are given in Tables 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively for serum A, Serum B, serum C and serum D assayed by enzyme immunoassay using the peptides obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Reference Examples 1 through 3. Also, a cut-off value was set from the OD.sub.492 value of 10 specimens of normal human serum D, based on which the response to anti-HCV antibody was judged to be positive or negative. The cut-off value was calculated using the equation:
Cut-off value=mean OD.sub.492 value of normal human serum+2SD
FIGS. 1-5 show the OD.sub.492 value distributions of the peptides of Examples 1 and 2 and Reference Examples 1 through 3 obtained on the basis of the cut-off value calculated from Tables 3, 4, 5 and 6. In these figures, the symbol denotes the OD.sub.492 value from serum A; the symbol .largecircle. denotes the OD.sub.492 value from serum B; the symbol.times. denotes the OD.sub.492 value from serum C. Table 7 gives the positive response ratios calculated from Tables 3, 4, 5 and 6 and the above-mentioned cut-off value, showing that positive response ratios of 93.3%, 93.3%, 10.0%, and 0% were obtained from serum A, serum B, serum C and normal human serum D, respectively in enzyme immunoassay using the peptide obtained in Example 1. When the peptide obtained in Example 2 was used for enzyme immunoassay, serum A, serum B, serum C and serum D showed positive response ratios of 96.7%, 93.3%, 0.0%, and 0%, respectively. The enzyme immunoassay using these peptides were found to be closely correlated to the immunoscreening method described in Reference Example 8. When the peptides obtained in Reference Examples 1 and 2 were used for enzyme immunoassay, serum A, serum B, serum C and normal human serum D all showed a positive response ratio of about 10.0%, demonstrating that the enzyme immunoassay using these peptides are poor in sensitivity and specificity. When the peptide obtained in Reference Example 3, a peptide comprising the entire amino acid sequence of the peptide translated from one clone selected from the clones isolated and cloned by several researchers including one of the present inventors was used for enzyme immunoassay, serum A, serum B and serum C showed positive response ratios of 93.3%, 93.3% and 0%, respectively, while normal human serum D showed a positive response ratio of 10.0%; it was thus found that there is a possibility of false positive response. In comparison with the enzyme immunoassay using the peptide obtained in Example 1 or 2, this enzyme immunoassay proved to be lower in specificity and sensitivity. These findings demonstrate that the use of the peptides obtained in Examples 1 and 2 permits efficient judgement for the presence or absence of anti-HCV antibody.
TABLE 3______________________________________Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptideobtained obtained obtained obtained obtainedin in in Ref. in Ref. in Ref.Exam. 1 Exam. 2 Exam. 1 Exam. 2 Exam. 3______________________________________Serum 1 1.524 1.532 0.057 0.111 1.405A 2 0.073 0.081 0.052 0.053 0.041 3 2.193 2.211 0.072 0.046 2.402 4 2.105 2.094 0.048 0.046 2.039 5 2.192 2.189 0.044 0.043 2.106 6 2.215 2.216 0.044 0.042 1.977 7 2.240 2.230 0.061 0.909 2.327 8 2.101 2.086 0.047 0.053 2.034 9 2.024 2.022 0.046 0.052 1.940 10 1.934 1.933 0.043 0.066 1.982 11 1.743 1.764 0.044 0.041 1.794 12 2.000 1.995 0.043 1.170 1.991 13 2.116 2.122 0.077 0.054 2.131 14 2.100 2.084 0.055 0.047 1.971 15 1.559 1.456 0.077 0.067 1.527 16 1.855 1.829 0.060 0.203 1.880 17 1.619 1.654 0.060 0.062 1.618 18 1.730 1.627 0.093 0.084 1.702 19 0.724 0.831 0.066 0.036 0.654 20 2.076 2.003 0.051 0.042 2.050 21 0.056 0.055 0.039 0.043 0.025 22 1.749 1.778 0.143 0.060 1.943 23 1.614 1.564 0.071 0.068 1.428 24 1.813 1.826 0.060 0.080 1.781 25 2.052 2.038 0.063 0.109 2.139 26 2.208 2.195 0.054 0.049 2.133 27 1.876 1.792 0.253 0.063 1.873 28 1.844 1.799 0.053 0.408 1.852 29 2.090 2.051 0.093 0.066 2.150 30 0.382 0.255 0.060 0.057 0.286______________________________________
TABLE 4______________________________________Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptideobtained obtained obtained obtained obtainedin in in Ref. in Ref. in Ref.Exam. 1 Exam. 2 Exam. 1 Exam. 2 Exam. 3______________________________________Serum 1 2.323 2.330 0.058 0.052 2.300B 2 2.002 2.023 0.045 0.060 2.067 3 1.587 1.593 0.047 0.046 1.493 4 2.128 2.122 0.055 0.071 2.130 5 1.579 1.562 0.046 0.041 1.200 6 0.852 0.797 0.063 0.058 0.682 7 2.268 2.274 0.054 0.139 2.312 8 0.053 0.065 0.037 0.026 0.023 9 2.089 2.010 0.055 0.241 2.157 10 1.705 1.746 0.045 0.071 1.768 11 2.105 2.135 0.066 0.095 2.164 12 2.033 2.043 0.058 0.056 2.092 13 0.762 0.777 0.039 0.066 0.504 14 2.334 2.396 0.078 0.075 2.384 15 1.630 1.621 0.047 0.029 1.445______________________________________
TABLE 5______________________________________Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptideobtained obtained obtained obtained obtainedin in in Ref. in Ref. in Ref.Exam. 1 Exam. 2 Exam. 1 Exam. 2 Exam. 3______________________________________Serum 1 0.038 0.035 0.037 0.047 0.039C 2 0.054 0.055 0.064 0.061 0.025 3 0.053 0.053 0.046 0.016 0.019 4 0.048 0.050 0.041 0.052 0.028 5 0.046 0.045 0.046 0.190 0.040 6 0.043 0.044 0.034 0.025 0.011 7 0.052 0.048 0.046 0.027 0.021 8 0.052 0.049 0.043 0.036 0.021 9 0.043 0.050 0.036 0.043 0.025 10 0.065 0.057 0.041 0.016 0.024 11 0.059 0.066 0.045 0.040 0.014 12 0.048 0.046 0.033 0.032 0.017 13 0.072 0.063 0.066 0.025 0.033 14 0.072 0.064 0.056 0.062 0.021 15 0.058 0.055 0.052 0.029 0.016 16 0.057 0.059 0.052 0.057 0.019 17 0.067 0.054 0.038 0.039 0.024 18 0.099 0.075 0.063 0.027 0.111 19 0.049 0.042 0.043 0.028 0.020 20 0.215 0.076 0.053 0.035 0.105______________________________________
TABLE 6______________________________________Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptideobtained obtained obtained obtained obtainedin in in Ref. in Ref. in Ref.Exam. 1 Exam. 2 Exam. 1 Exam. 2 Exam. 3______________________________________Serum 1 0.039 0.029 0.051 0.057 0.024C 2 0.038 0.045 0.051 0.049 0.031 3 0.071 0.042 0.077 0.079 0.292 4 0.057 0.043 0.059 0.060 0.035 5 0.046 0.056 0.052 0.074 0.096 6 0.070 0.063 0.060 0.109 0.056 7 0.072 0.072 0.049 0.058 0.060 8 0.043 0.044 0.053 0.060 0.032 9 0.055 0.050 0.063 0.083 0.053 10 0.044 0.065 0.045 0.064 0.081X 0.054 0.051 0.056 0.069 0.176SD 0.014 0.013 0.009 0.018 0.079X + 2SD 0.082 0.077 0.074 0.105 0.234______________________________________
TABLE 7______________________________________Example No. Positive Positive Positive Positiveof peptide ratio of se- ratio of se- ratio of se- ratio of se-used rum A (%) rum B (%) rum C (%) rum D (%)______________________________________Example 1 93.3 (28/30) 93.3 (14/15) 10.0 (2/20) 0.0 (0/10)Example 2 96.7 (29/30) 93.3 (14/15) 0.0 (0/20) 0.0 (0/10)Ref. Exam. 1 20.0 (6/30) 6.7 (1/15) 0.0 (0/20) 10.0 (1/10)Ref. Exam. 2 20.0 (6/30) 13.3 (2/15) 5.0 (1/20) 10.0 (1/10)Ref. Exam. 3 93.3 (28/30) 93.3 (14/15) 0.0 (0/20) 10.0 (1/10)______________________________________
Example 10
Using the peptides obtained in Examples 3, 4 and 5 and Reference Examples 4, 5 and 6 as antigens, determination was made by enzyme immunoassay in the same manner as in Example 9.
Assay results are given in Tables 8, 9, 10 and 11. Positive response ratios are given in Table 12. FIGS. 6-11 show each OD.sub.492 value distribution. It is seen from Table 12 that serum A and serum B showed positive response ratios of 96.7% or 100%, respectively, when the peptide obtained in Example 3 or 5 was used for enzyme immunoassay, and serum C and normal human serum D showed a positive response ratio of 0% or a very low ratio. It was thus found that the enzyme immunoassay using these peptides offer high sensitivity and high specificity. Also, when the peptide obtained in Example 4 was used for enzyme immunoassay, serum A, serum B, serum C and serum D showed positive response ratios of 36.7%, 53.3%, 5.0% and 0.0%, respectively; the peptides used proved to have an antigenicity differing from that of the peptides obtained in Examples 3 and 5. Furthermore, when the peptides obtained in Reference Examples 4 through 6 were used for enzyme immunoassay, serum A, serum B, serum C and serum D showed a positive response ratio of 0% or a very low ratio. It was thus found that the enzyme immunoassay using these peptides is poor in sensitivity and specificity. These findings demonstrate that the use of the peptides obtained in Examples 3, 4 and 5 permits efficient judgement for the presence or absence of anti-HCV antibody.
TABLE 8______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- ed in ed in ed in ed in ed in ed in Ref. Ref. Ref. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam 3 4 5 4 5 6______________________________________Serum 1 0.248 0.057 0.255 0.059 0.040 0.042A 2 0.156 0.041 0.178 0.052 0.043 0.051 3 1.757 0.035 1.689 0.064 0.050 0.048 4 1.220 0.021 1.214 0.032 0.031 0.034 5 1.225 0.029 1.312 0.048 0.044 0.038 6 0.688 0.100 0.593 0.026 0.044 0.044 7 1.597 0.041 1.555 0.050 0.048 0.045 8 0.766 0.277 0.821 0.041 0.055 0.045 9 0.595 0.520 0.333 0.042 0.035 0.036 10 0.742 0.038 0.673 0.031 0.040 0.036 11 0.323 0.035 0.331 0.025 0.032 0.032 12 0.877 0.058 0.758 0.027 0.033 0.038 13 1.121 0.033 1.296 0.062 0.047 0.040 14 0.999 0.034 1.009 0.030 0.026 0.030 15 0.194 0.801 0.346 0.041 0.058 0.056 16 0.834 1.397 1.215 0.037 0.112 0.056 17 1.133 0.091 1.239 0.037 0.037 0.057 18 0.249 0.053 0.269 0.051 0.057 0.081 19 0.356 0.051 0.455 0.029 0.039 0.063 20 0.185 0.032 0.123 0.052 0.033 0.031 21 0.081 0.019 0.115 0.027 0.027 0.030 22 0.415 0.119 0.489 0.061 0.058 0.189 23 0.196 0.062 0.175 0.054 0.070 0.057 24 0.887 0.036 0.965 0.059 0.045 0.067 25 1.019 0.030 1.137 0.044 0.044 0.076 26 1.120 0.202 1.284 0.042 0.035 0.026 27 0.191 1.417 0.685 0.048 0.123 0.065 28 1.005 0.420 0.951 0.026 0.060 0.026 29 1.969 0.062 1.736 0.039 0.045 0.112 30 0.406 0.155 0.514 0.036 0.035 0.036______________________________________
TABLE 9______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- ed in ed in ed in ed in ed in ed in Ref. Ref. Ref. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam 3 4 5 4 5 6______________________________________Serum 1 1.057 0.394 1.003 0.049 0.111 0.036B 2 0.468 0.027 0.695 0.052 0.032 0.025 3 0.602 1.302 0.738 0.036 0.071 0.285 4 0.548 0.149 0.489 0.038 0.049 0.029 5 0.188 0.026 0.216 0.034 0.038 0.034 6 0.233 1.804 0.356 0.035 0.190 0.051 7 1.243 0.261 1.546 0.057 0.085 0.061 8 0.246 0.019 0.359 0.025 0.019 0.020 9 1.987 0.054 2.106 0.043 0.040 0.060 10 0.124 0.044 0.321 0.042 0.031 0.043 11 1.095 0.421 0.895 0.044 0.079 0.077 12 0.375 0.030 0.269 0.050 0.056 0.049 13 0.286 0.531 0.199 0.037 0.054 0.024 14 1.229 0.063 1.359 0.085 0.045 0.076 15 0.237 0.150 0.316 0.041 0.037 0.037______________________________________
TABLE 10______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- ed in ed in ed in ed in ed in ed in Ref. Ref. Ref. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam 3 4 5 4 5 6______________________________________Serum 1 0.096 0.024 0.055 0.022 0.024 0.017C 2 0.042 0.060 0.050 0.027 0.045 0.024 3 0.034 0.035 0.024 0.015 0.034 0.107 4 0.048 0.037 0.040 0.018 0.033 0.015 5 0.039 0.034 0.030 0.026 0.037 0.016 6 0.039 0.025 0.033 0.016 0.035 0.021 7 0.026 0.031 0.026 0.033 0.031 0.014 8 0.029 0.026 0.039 0.021 0.026 0.009 9 0.036 0.027 0.035 0.017 0.027 0.015 10 0.023 0.032 0.031 0.024 0.034 0.027 11 0.020 0.034 0.022 0.029 0.042 0.024 12 0.029 0.022 0.055 0.018 0.023 0.011 13 0.095 0.032 0.048 0.035 0.035 0.015 14 0.023 0.026 0.043 0.017 0.026 0.011 15 0.022 0.025 0.037 0.014 0.024 0.015 16 0.020 0.025 0.026 0.015 0.024 0.013 17 0.030 0.026 0.027 0.013 0.034 0.014 18 0.040 0.034 0.030 0.017 0.037 0.017 19 0.016 0.023 0.020 0.024 0.031 0.010 20 0.095 1.675 0.020 0.031 0.044 0.015______________________________________
TABLE 11______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- obtain- ed in ed in ed in ed in ed in ed in Ref. Ref. Ref. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam. Exam 3 4 5 4 5 6______________________________________Serum 1 0.072 0.050 0.053 0.052 0.074 0.047D 2 0.072 0.060 0.053 0.051 0.057 0.045 3 0.061 0.053 0.099 0.059 0.093 0.066 4 0.089 0.064 0.064 0.053 0.068 0.059 5 0.056 0.056 0.060 0.055 0.057 0.056 6 0.052 0.050 0.065 0.049 0.068 0.083 7 0.058 0.051 0.060 0.050 0.059 0.045 8 0.065 0.060 0.055 0.046 0.105 0.051 9 0.067 0.069 0.063 0.045 0.064 0.068 10 0.078 0.064 0.047 0.041 0.045 0.055X 0.067 0.058 0.062 0.050 0.069 0.058SD 0.011 0.007 0.014 0.005 0.018 0.012X + 2SD 0.089 0.072 0.090 0.060 0.105 0.082______________________________________
TABLE 12______________________________________ExampleNo. of Positive Positive Positive Positivepeptide ratio of se- ratio of se- ratio of se- ratio of se-used rum A (%) rum B (%) rum C (%) rum D (%)______________________________________Example 96.7 (29/30) 100.0 (15/15) 15.0 (3/20) 10.0 (1/10)Example 36.7 (11/30) 53.3 (8/15) 5.0 (1/20) 0.0 (0/10)4Example 100.0 (30/30) 100.0 (15/15) 0.0 (0/20) 10.0 (1/10)5Ref. 10.0 (3/30) 6.7 (1/15) 0.0 (0/20) 0.0 (0/10)Exam. 4Ref. 6.7 (2/30) 13.3 (2/15) 0.0 (0/20) 10.0 (1/10)Exam. 5Ref. 6.7 (2/30) 6.7 (1/15) 0.0 (0/20) 10.0 (1/10)Exam. 6______________________________________
Example 11
Using the peptides obtained in Examples 6, 7 and 8 and Reference Example 7 as antigens, determination was made by enzyme immunoassay in the same manner as in Example 9.
Assay results are given in Tables 13, 14, 15 and 16. Positive response ratios are given in Table 17. FIGS. 12-15 show each OD.sub.492 value distribution. It is seen from Table 17 that when the peptide obtained in Example 6 was used for enzyme immunoassay, serum A, serum B, serum C and normal human serum D showed positive response ratios of 33.3%, 40.0%, 0% and 0%, respectively. When the peptide obtained in Example 7 was used for enzyme immunoassay, serum A, serum B, serum C and normal human serum D showed positive response ratios of 50.0%, 66.7%, 5.0% and 0%, respectively. When the peptide obtained in Example 8 was used for enzyme immunoassay, serum A, serum B, serum C and normal human serum D showed positive response ratios of 23.3%, 93.3%, 5.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The enzyme immunoassay using these peptides proved to be closely correlated to the immunoscreening method described in Reference Example 8, which uses #8 clone, #14 clone and #18 clone, cloned from the ribonucleic acid isolated by several researchers including one of the present inventors. Also, when the peptide obtained in Reference Example 7 was used for enzyme immunoassay, serum A, serum B, serum C and serum D showed positive response ratios of 13.3%, 13.3%, 5.0% and 0.0%, respectively. The peptides used proved to have an antigenicity differing from that of the peptides obtained in Examples 6, 7 and 8. These findings demonstrate that the use of the peptides obtained in Examples 6, 7 and 8 permits efficient judgement for the presence or absence of anti-HCV antibody.
TABLE 13______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide obtained obtained obtained obtained in in in in Ref. Exam. 6 Exam. 7 Exam. 8 Exam. 7______________________________________Serum 1 0.379 0.049 0.053 0.045A 2 0.040 0.066 0.233 0.044 3 0.094 0.087 0.043 0.093 4 0.029 0.037 0.024 0.029 5 0.035 0.085 0.040 0.034 6 0.033 0.036 0.021 0.025 7 0.045 0.051 0.172 0.047 8 0.031 0.047 0.036 0.042 9 0.032 0.094 0.046 0.043 10 0.030 0.037 0.023 0.036 11 0.034 0.048 0.029 0.034 12 0.038 0.042 0.026 0.040 13 0.079 0.094 0.050 0.044 14 0.039 0.030 0.053 0.023 15 0.279 0.083 0.038 0.042 16 0.041 1.824 0.980 0.040 17 0.040 0.079 0.193 0.046 18 0.081 0.368 0.184 0.131 19 0.124 0.683 0.197 0.030 20 0.032 0.054 0.195 0.047 21 0.027 0.028 0.019 0.023 22 0.409 0.097 0.048 0.099 23 0.121 0.096 0.042 0.053 24 0.084 0.082 0.055 0.109 25 0.048 0.045 0.032 0.034 26 0.030 0.052 0.026 0.042 27 0.041 0.101 0.054 0.049 28 0.026 0.039 0.022 0.037 29 0.043 0.095 0.036 0.051 30 0.242 0.093 0.028 0.045______________________________________
TABLE 14______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide obtained obtained obtained obtained in in in in Ref. Exam. 6 Exam. 7 Exam. 8 Exam. 7______________________________________Serum 1 0.039 0.095 0.187 0.047B 2 0.098 0.092 0.184 0.051 3 0.026 0.050 0 489 0.040 4 0.033 0.432 0.377 0.046 5 0.030 0.042 0.174 0.036 6 0.783 2.083 1.217 0.044 7 0.189 1.608 0.579 0.050 8 0.020 0.027 0.030 0.020 9 0.044 0.045 0.194 0.037 10 0.027 0.864 0.175 0.035 11 0.282 0.049 0.190 0.052 12 0.047 0.109 0.199 0.096 13 0.034 0.762 0.244 0.036 14 0.088 0.210 0.204 0.109 15 1.684 0.160 0.267 0.050______________________________________
TABLE 15______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide obtained obtained obtained obtained in in in in Ref. Exam. 6 Exam. 7 Exam. 8 Exam. 7______________________________________Serum 1 0.027 0.028 0.030 0.028C 2 0.016 0.055 0.037 0.089 3 0.017 0.027 0.025 0.033 4 0.041 0.038 0.048 0.032 5 0.015 0.037 0.045 0.041 6 0.025 0.021 0.033 0.026 7 0.028 0.085 0.035 0.051 8 0.042 0.028 0.026 0.033 9 0.018 0.021 0.040 0.029 10 0.019 0.034 0.022 0.040 11 0.018 0.025 0.021 0.034 12 0.010 0.026 0.019 0.028 13 0.022 0.042 0.171 0.045 14 0.051 0.030 0.018 0.029 15 0.017 0.024 0.019 0.025 16 0.038 0.025 0.020 0.029 17 0.025 0.022 0.025 0.023 18 0.022 0.020 0.021 0.032 19 0.028 0.024 0.023 0.029 20 0.022 0.047 0.176 0.053______________________________________
TABLE 16______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide Peptide obtained obtained obtained obtained in Ref. in Exam. 6 in Exam. 7 in Exam. 8 Exam. 7______________________________________Serum D 1 0.051 0.054 0.047 0.062 2 0.062 0.051 0.079 0.057 3 0.068 0.067 0.063 0.075 4 0.052 0.074 0.143 0.077 5 0.060 0.059 0.183 0.079 6 0.063 0.058 0.055 0.070 7 0.061 0.060 0.051 0.071 8 0.063 0.060 0.073 0.068 9 0 065 0.070 0.059 0.080 10 0.050 0.051 0.064 0.064X 0.060 0.060 0.082 0.070SD 0.006 0.008 0.045 0.008X + 2SD 0.072 0.076 0.171 0.086______________________________________
TABLE 17______________________________________ Positive Positive Positive PositiveExample No. ratio of ratio of ratio of ratio ofof peptide serum A serum B serum C serum Dused (%) (%) (%) (%)______________________________________Example 6 33.3 (10/30) 40.0 (6/15) 0.0 (0/20) 0.0 (0.10)Example 7 50.0 (15/30) 66.7 (10/15) 5.0 (1/20) 0.0 (0/10)Example 8 23.3 (7/30) 93.3 (14/15) 5.0 (1/20) 10.0 (1/10)Ref. Exam. 7 13.3 (4/30) 13.3 (2/15) 5.0 (1/20) 0.0 (0/10)______________________________________
Example 12
Subject samples
Table 18 lists the diseases from which the serum specimens used were derived and the number of specimens for each disease.
TABLE 18______________________________________ Number ofDisease Symptom specimens______________________________________Hepatitis of the sporadic acute, acme 1non-A, non-B typeHepatitis of the sporadic acute, 1non-A, non-B type recovery stageHepatitis of the sporadic chronic 1non-A, non-B typeHepatitis of the sporadic chronic 1non-A, non-B type (liver cirrhosis)hepatitis of the post- acute, acme 1transfusion non-A, non-B typehepatitis of the post- acute, 2transfusion non-A, non-B type recovery stagehepatitis of the post- chronic 1transfusion non-A, non-B typehepatitis of the post- chronic 1transfusion non-A, non-B type (liver cancer)alcoholic hepatitis chronic 2hepatitis B chronic 3Normal human serum 10______________________________________
Determination by enzyme immunoassay
The serum specimens listed in Table 18 were each examined for anti-HCV antibody by determining the absorbance by the following enzyme immunoassay procedure.
Specifically, the peptides obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Reference Examples 1, 2 and 3, as antigens, were coated on assay microcups in the same manner as in Example 9, followed by reaction with each of the serum specimens listed in Table 18, and the absorbance at 492 nm (OD.sub.492) of the reaction mixture containing the pigment formed from the coloring agent was determined.
Results
Assay results are given in Tables 19 and 20. The results are given for serum specimens in Table 18 assayed by enzyme immunoassay using the peptides obtained in Examples 1 and 2 in Table 19 and Reference Examples 1 through 3 in Table 20, respectively. Also, a cut-off value was set from the OD.sub.492 value of 10 specimens of normal human serum, based on which the response to anti-HCV antibody was judged to be positive or negative. The cut-off value was calculated using the equation:
Cut-off value=mean OD.sub.492 value of normal human serum+2SD
Results of judgement for positive or negative response obtained on the basis of the cut-off value calculated from the results of normal serum specimens listed in Tables 19 and 20 are also given in Tables 19 and 20. It is seen from Table 19 that when the peptide obtained in Example 1 was used for enzyme immunoassay, the sera of patients of acute hepatitis in the recovery stage and chronic hepatitis of the sporadic non-A, non-B type, and the sera of patients of acute hepatitis in the acme and chronic hepatitis of the post-transfusion non-A, non-B type were judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody. The sera of alcoholic hepatitis patients, the sera of hepatitis B patients and the sera of normal subjects were judged to be negative for anti-HCV antibody. When the peptide obtained in Example 2 was used for enzyme immunoassay, the sera of non-A, non-B chronic hepatitis patients were judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody, and the sera of alcoholic hepatitis patients, the sera of hepatitis B patients and the sera of normal subjects were judged to be negative for anti-HCV antibody. These findings demonstrate that the enzyme immunoassay using the peptides obtained in Examples 1 and 2 is useful in early diagnosis of non-A, non-B hepatitis. Also, when the peptides obtained in Reference Examples 1, 2 and 3 were used for enzyme immunoassay, some of the sera of non-A, non-B hepatitis patients were judged to be negative for anti-HCV antibody, and some of the sera of hepatitis B patients and those of normal subjects were judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody, i.e., the specificity and sensitivity were poor. In other words, the results of judgment by the enzyme immunoassay using the peptides obtained in Reference Examples 1, 2 and 3 involved false negative and false positive cases, demonstrating that the diagnostic efficiency for non-A, non-B hepatitis using these peptides is poor. These findings demonstrate that the use of the peptides obtained in Examples 1 and 2 permits efficient judgement for the presence or absence of anti-HCV antibody.
TABLE 19______________________________________ Peptide obtained Peptide obtained in Example 1 in Example 2Classification of symptom OD Judge OD Judge______________________________________Hepatitis of sporadic1 acute, acme 0.073 - 0.080 +2 acute, recovery 0.118 + 0.211 +3 chronic 2.250 + 2.216 + 1.246 + 1.186 +Hepatitis of post-transfusion4 acute, acme 0.456 + 0.348 +5 acute, recovery 0.056 - 0.089 + 2.293 + 2.225 +6 chronic 0.169 + 0.154 + 2.089 + 2.103 +Alcoholic hepatitis7 chronic 0.048 - 0.057 - 0.033 - 0.041 -Hepatitis B8 chronic 0.078 - 0.075 - 0.079 - 0.076 - 0.047 - 0.045 -Normal human serum9 0.039 - 0.029 - 0.038 - 0.045 - 0.071 - 0.042 - 0.057 - 0.043 - 0.046 - 0.056 - 0.070 - 0.063 - 0.072 - 0.072 - 0.043 - 0.044 - 0.055 - 0.050 - 0.044 - 0.065 -Average of Normal 0.054 0.051Standard deviation 0.014 0.013Cut-off value 0.082 0.077______________________________________
TABLE 20______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide obtained in obtained in obtained inClassification Ref. Exam. 1 Ref. Exam. 2 Ref. Exam. 3of symptom OD Judge OD Judge OD Judge______________________________________Hepatitis of sporadic1 acute, acme 0.054 - 0.078 - 0.068 -2 acute, recovery 0.056 - 0.055 - 0.077 -3 chronic 0.036 - 0.187 + 2.198 + 1.323 + 0.077 - 1.065 +Hepatitis of post-transfusion4 acute, acme 0.076 + 0.218 + 0.150 -5 acute, recovery 0.054 - 0.076 - 0.030 - 0.046 - 0.642 + 2.142 +6 chronic 0.044 - 0.112 + 0.158 - 0.060 - 0.128 + 2.052 +Alcoholic hepatitis7 chronic 0.059 - 0.071 - 0.057 - 0.044 - 0.051 - 0.029Hepatitis B8 chronic 0.051 - 0.499 + 0.197 - 0.040 - 0.048 - 0.109 - 0.042 - 0.078 - 0.042 -Normalhuman serum9 0.051 - 0.057 - 0.024 - 0.051 - 0.049 - 0.031 - 0.077 + 0.079 - 0.292 + 0.059 - 0.060 - 0.035 - 0.052 - 0.074 - 0.096 - 0.060 - 0.109 + 0.056 - 0.049 - 0.058 - 0.060 - 0.053 - 0.060 - 0.032 - 0.063 - 0.083 - 0.053 - 0.045 - 0.064 - 0.081 -Average of Normal 0.056 0.069 0.076Standard deviation 0.009 0.018 0.079Cut-off value 0.074 0.105 0.234______________________________________
Example 13
Using the peptides obtained in Examples 3, 4 and 5 and Reference Examples 4, 5 and 6, as antigens, the serum specimens listed in Table 18 were examined for anti-HCV antibody by determining the absorbance by enzyme immunoassay in the same manner as in Example 12.
Assay results are given in Tables 21 and 22. The results are given for serum specimens in Table 18 assayed by enzyme immunoassay using the peptides obtained in Examples 3 through 5 in Table 21 and Reference Examples 4 through 6 in Table 22, respectively. Also, a cut-off value was set from the OD.sub.492 value of 10 specimens of normal human serum, based on which the response to anti-HCV antibody was judged to be positive or negative. The cut-off value was calculated using the equation:
Cut-off value=mean OD.sub.492 value of normal human serum+2SD
Results of judgement for positive or negative response obtained on the basis of the cut-off value calculated from the results of normal serum specimens are also given in Tables 21 and 22. It is seen from Table 21 that when the peptides obtained in Examples 3 and 5 were used for enzyme immunoassay, the sera of patients of non-A, non-B acute hepatitis in the recovery stage and the sera patients of non-A, non-B chronic hepatitis were judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody. The sera of alcoholic hepatitis patients, the sera of hepatitis B patients and the sera of normal subjects were judged to be negative for anti-HCV antibody. The enzyme immunoassay using these peptides proved to be useful in the diagnosis for the patients described above. When the peptide obtained in Example 4 was used for enzyme immunoassay, only the sera of patients of non-A, non-B chronic hepatitis were judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody; this enzyme immunoassay proved to be useful in the diagnosis for this type of patients. When the peptides obtained in Reference Examples 4 through 6 were used for enzyme immunoassay, some of the sera of patients of diseases listed in Table 18 were judged to be negative for anti-HCV antibody, and in addition, some of the sera of normal subjects were judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody; therefore, the results of judgement by the enzyme immunoassay using these peptides involved false positive and false negative cases, and the diagnostic efficiency for non-A, non-B hepatitis of the enzyme immunoassay using these peptides proved to be poor. These findings demonstrate that the use of the peptides obtained in Examples 3, 4 and 5 permits efficient judgment for the presence or absence of anti-HCV antibody.
TABLE 21______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide obtained in obtained in obtained inClassification Ref. Exam. 3 Ref. Exam. 4 Ref. Exam. 5of symptom OD Judge OD Judge OD Judge______________________________________Hepatitis of sporadic1 acute, acme 0.096 + 0.058 - 0.065 -2 acute, recovery 0.358 + 0.636 + 0.855 +3 chronic 1.165 + 0.065 - 1.500 + 0.120 + 1.352 + 1.333 +Hepatitis of post-transfusion4 acute, acme 0.099 + 0.080 + 0.078 -5 acute, recovery 0.066 - 1.256 + 0.568 + 1.497 + 1.420 + 1.495 +6 chronic 0.134 + 0.182 + 0.326 + 1.175 + 1.939 + 1.821 +Alcoholic hepatitis7 chronic 0.186 - 0.061 - 0.080 - 0.043 - 0.044 - 0.050 -Hepatitis B8 chronic 0.081 - 0.059 - 0.073 - 0.057 - 0.041 - 0.057 - 0.066 - 0.053 - 0.047 -Normalhuman serum9 0.072 - 0.050 - 0.053 - 0.072 - 0.060 - 0.053 - 0.061 - 0.053 - 0.099 + 0.089 - 0.064 - 0.064 - 0.056 - 0.056 - 0.060 - 0.052 - 0.050 - 0.065 - 0.058 - 0.051 - 0.060 - 0.065 - 0.060 - 0.055 - 0.067 - 0.069 - 0.063 - 0.078 - 0.064 - 0.047 -Average of Normal 0.067 0.058 0.062Standard deviation 0.011 0.007 0.014Cut-off value 0.089 0.072 0.090______________________________________
TABLE 22______________________________________ Peptide Peptide Peptide obtained in obtained in obtained inClassification Ref. Exam. 4 Ref. Exam. 5 Ref. Exam. 6of symptom OD Judge OD Judge OD Judge______________________________________Hepatitis of sporadic1 acute, acme 0.038 - 0.069 - 0.061 -2 acute, recovery 0.056 - 0.075 - 0.060 -3 chronic 0.035 - 0.058 - 0.078 - 0.039 - 0.082 - 0.084 +Hepatitis of post-transfusion4 acute, acme 0.068 + 0.094 - 0.071 -5 acute, recovery 0.057 - 0.092 - 0.306 + 0.034 - 0.094 - 0.076 -6 chronic 0.037 - 0.067 - 0.103 + 0.075 + 0.191 + 0.078 -Alcoholic hepatitis7 chronic 0.046 - 0.069 - 0.067 - 0.042 - 0.053 - 0.049 -Hepatitis B8 chronic 0.039 - 0.059 - 0.086 + 0.039 - 0.051 - 0.043 - 0.046 - 0.066 - 0.280 +Normalhuman serum9 0.052 - 0.074 - 0.047 - 0.051 - 0.057 - 0.045 - 0.059 - 0.093 - 0.066 - 0.053 - 0.068 - 0.059 - 0.055 - 0.057 - 0.056 - 0.049 - 0.068 - 0.083 + 0.050 - 0.059 - 0.045 - 0.046 - 0.105 + 0.051 - 0.045 - 0.064 - 0.068 - 0.041 - 0.045 - 0.055 -Average of Normal 0.050 0.069 0.058Standard deviation 0.005 0.018 0.012Cut-off value 0.060 0.105 0.082______________________________________
Example 14
Using the peptides obtained in Examples 6, 7 and 8 and Reference Example 7, as antigens, the serum specimens listed in Table 18 were examined for anti-HCV antibody by determining the absorbance by enzyme immunoassay in the same manner as in Example 12.
Assay results are given in Table 23. The results are given for serum specimens in Table 18 assayed by enzyme immunoassay using the peptides obtained in Examples 6 through 8 and Reference Example 7, respectively. Also, a cut-off value was set from the OD.sub.492 value of 10 specimens of normal human serum, based on which the response to anti-HCV antibody was judged to be positive or negative. The cut-off value was calculated using the equation:
Cut-off value=mean OD.sub.492 value of normal human serum+2SD
Results of judgement for positive or negative response obtained on the basis of the cut-off value calculated from the results of normal serum specimens listed in Table 23 are also given in Table 23. It is seen from Table 23 that when the peptides obtained in Example 6 were used for enzyme immunoassay, the sera of patients of non-A, non-B chronic hepatitis of sporadic were judged to be positive and the sera of patients of acute and in the recovery stage of PTNANBH and chronic hepatitis were judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody. The sera of alcoholic hepatitis patients, the sera of hepatitis B patients and the sera of normal subjects were judged to be negative for anti-HCV antibody. The enzyme immunoassay using these peptides obtained in Example 6 proved to be useful in the early diagnosis for the patients of non-A, non-B hepatitis. When the peptide obtained in Examples 7 and 8 were used for enzyme immunoassay, the sera of patients of non-A, non-B chronic hepatitis in the recovery stage and the sera of patients of chronic hepatitis were judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody; this enzyme immunoassay proved to be useful in the diagnosis for this type of patients. When the peptides obtained in Reference Example 7 were used for enzyme immunoassay, every sera of patients of non-A, non-B hepatitis were judged to be negative for anti-HCV antibody, and in addition, some of the sera of patients of alcoholic hepatitis and hepatitis B were incidentaly judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody; therefore, the results of judgment by the enzyme immunoassay using these peptides obtained in Reference Example 7 involved false negative and false positive cases, and the diagnostic efficiency for non-A, non-B hepatitis of the enzyme immunoassay using these peptides proved to be poor. These findings demonstrate that the use of the peptides obtained in Examples 6, 7 and 8 permits efficient judgment for the presence or absence of anti-HCV antibody.
TABLE 23__________________________________________________________________________ Example No. of peptide obtained Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Ref. Exam. 7Classification of symptom OD Judge OD Judge OD Judge OD Judge__________________________________________________________________________Hepatitis ofsporadic1 acute, acme 0.075 + 0.049 - 0.092 - 0.058 -2 acute, recovery 0.935 + 1.631 + 0.308 + 0.073 -3 chronic 1.703 + 0.038 - 0.104 - 0.046 -Hepatitis of post-transfusion4 acute, acme 0.077 + 0.110 + 0.194 + 0.085 -5 acute, recovery 0.949 + 0.071 - 0.205 + 0.082 - 1.504 + 0.061 - 0.063 - 0.070 -6 chronic 1.174 + 0.112 + 0.102 - 0.078 - 2.116 + 2.106 + 1.696 + 0.105 +Alcoholic hepatitis7 chronic 0.057 - 0.923 + 0.074 - 0.091 + 0.060 - 0.064 - 0.045 - 0.091 +Hepatitis B8 chronic 0.071 - 0.065 - 0.075 - 0.077 - 0.055 - 0.052 - 0.077 - 0.064 - 0.069 - 0.107 + 0.067 - 0.099 +Normal human serum9 0.051 - 0.054 - 0.047 - 0.062 - 0.062 - 0.051 - 0.079 - 0.057 - 0.068 - 0.067 - 0.063 - 0.075 - 0.052 - 0.074 - 0.143 - 0.077 - 0.060 - 0.059 - 0.183 + 0.079 - 0.063 - 0.058 - 0.055 - 0.070 - 0.061 - 0.060 - 0.051 - 0.071 - 0.063 - 0.060 - 0.073 - 0.068 - 0.065 - 0.070 - 0.059 - 0.080 - 0.050 - 0.051 - 0.064 - 0.064 -Average of Normal 0.060 0.060 0.082 0.070Standard deviation 0.006 0.008 0.045 0.008Cut-off value 0.072 0.076 0.171 0.086__________________________________________________________________________
Example 15
Subject samples
Blood donor serum: 2476 specimens
Determination by enzyme immunoassay
Each serum specimen was examined for anti-HCV antibody by determining the absorbance by the following enzyme immunoassay procedure.
Specifically, each peptide obtained in Example 1, as the antigen, was dissolved in 0.01M carbonate buffer (pH 9.5). The resulting peptide solution was added to polystyrene enzyme immunoassay cups (product of Dynatech Laboratories Incorporation) at 100 .mu.l per cup and kept standing at 4.degree. C. for 12 hours for peptide coating. Then, these cups were washed with three portions of PBS containing 0.05% by volume of Tween 20. Subsequently, 150 .mu.l of PBS containing 20% by volume of normal goat serum was added to each cup, and the cup was kept standing at room temperature for 3 hours to block the nonspecific protein binding site. Then, after removing the PBS containing 20% by volume of normal goat serum used for blocking, each assay cup was dried.
After adding 100 .mu.l of PBS containing 10% by volume of normal goat serum, as the serum diluent, to each assay cup described above, each subject serum was added so that the ratio of the serum diluent to the subject serum became 20 to 1 (by volume). After incubation at 37.degree. C. for 1 hour, these cups were washed with three portions of PBS containing 0.05% by volume of Tween 20.
To each assay cup thus treated, 100 .mu.l of a goat antihuman IgG antibody-peroxidase conjugate (diluted to an optimum concentration with PBS containing 10% by volume of normal goat serum) was added. After incubation at 37.degree. C. for 30 minutes, these cups were washed with three portions of PBS containing 0.05% by volume of Tween 20. Subsequently, to each assay cup thus treated, 100 .mu.l of a coloring agent (prepared by dissolving o-phenylenediamine in a 0.1M citrate-phosphate buffer, pH 5.6, containing 0.02% by volume of hydrogen peroxide, to a final concentration of 0.3% by weight) was added. After the mixture was kept standing at room temperature for 15 minutes, 100 .mu.l of 2N sulfuric acid was added to stop the reaction, and the absorbance at 492 nm (OD.sub.492) of the reaction mixture was determined.
Results
A cut-off value was set from the results of an inhibition test for anti-HCV antibody using the peptide obtained in Example 1. Table 24 gives the results of judgment based on the results descried above wherein the specimens exceeding 0.5 in OD.sub.492 value were judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody and those below 0.5 were judged to be negative. Table 24 also gives the results of judgement by EIA and RIBA using a commercial anti-HCV antibody assay reagent (product of Ortho Diagnostic Systems Inc.) on the 2476 specimens of blood donor serum described above.
TABLE 24______________________________________ Judgement of anti-HCV antibody using peptide obtained in Example 1 + - Total______________________________________Judgement + 14 (0.6%) 0 (0.0%) 14 ( 0.6%)by EIA and RlBA - 35 (1.4%) 2427 (98.0%) 2462 (99.4%)using commercialanti-HCV antibodyassay reagentTotal 49 (2.0%) 2427 (98.0%) 2476(100.0%)______________________________________
As is evident from Table 24, of the 2462 specimens judged to be negative using the commercial anti-HCV antibody assay reagent, 35 were judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody when the peptide obtained in Example 1 was used. Also, the 14 specimens judged to be positive using the commercial anti-HCV antibody assay reagent were all judged to be positive for anti-HCV antibody when the peptide obtained in Example 1 was used.
__________________________________________________________________________SEQUENCE LISTING(1) GENERAL INFORMATION:(iii) NUMBER OF SEQUENCES: 23(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:1:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 25 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:1:LysAspArgThrGln GlnArgLysThrLysArgSerThrAsnArgArg151015ArgSerLysAsnGluLysLysLysLys2025(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:2:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 5 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:2:LysArgSerThrAsn15(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:3:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 40 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:3:GluLysLysGlyGluAlaSerAsnGlyGluAlaGluAsnAspThrHis151015 LysLysGlnArgArgTyrLysGluLysGluLysThrAlaThrAsnAsn202530ProGlyLysAsnLysLysProArg35 40(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:4:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 8 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:4:ArgArgTyrLysGluLysGluLys15(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:5:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 39 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:5:ArgValValLeuSerGlyLysProAlaIleIleProAspArgGluVal15 1015LeuTyrArgGluPheAspGluMetGluGluCysSerGlnHisLeuPro202530TyrIleGluGlnGlyMetMet 35(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:6:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 10 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:6:AlaIleIleProAspArgGluValLeuTyr15 10(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:7:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 10 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:7:ThrLysArgSerThrAsnArgArgArgSer15 10(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:8:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 21 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:8:ArgArgTyrLysGluLysGluLysThrAlaThrAsnAsnProGlyLys1 51015AsnLysLysProArg20(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:9:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 13 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:9:ThrHisLysLysGlnArgArgTyrLysGluLysGluLys1510(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:10:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 10 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:10:ArgArgTyrLysGluLysGluLysThrAla1510(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:11:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 31 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:11:AlaIleIleProAspArgGluValLeuTyrArgGluPheAspGluMet151015GluGluCysSerGlnHisLeuPro TyrIleGluGlnGlyMetMet202530(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:12:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 18 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:12: ArgValValLeuSerGlyLysProAlaIleIleProAspArgGluVal151015LeuTyr(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:13:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 10 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:13:AlaIleIleProAspArgGluValLeuTyr1510(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:14:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 10 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:14:LysAspArgThrGlnGlnArgLysThrLys1510(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:15:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 15 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:15:ArgSerThrAsnArgArgArgSerLysAsnGluLysLysLysLys151015(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:16:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 32 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:16:GluGlnAspGlnIleLeuThrLysAspArgThrGlnGlnArgLysThr15 1015LysArgSerThrAsnArgArgArgSerLysAsnGluLysLysLysLys202530(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:17:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: (A) LENGTH: 14 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:17:GluLysLysGlyGluAlaSerAsnGlyGluAlaGluAsnAsp1510(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:18: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 11 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:18:ThrAsnAsnProGlyLysAsnLysLysProArg1510(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:19:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 21 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:19:ValGlyArgIleLysAsnTrpAsnArgGluGlyArgLysAspAlaTyr15 1015GlnIleArgLysArg20(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:20:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 11 amino acids(B) TYPE: amino acid(D) TOPOLOGY: linear(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:20: ArgValValLeuSerGlyLysProAlaIleIle1510(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:21:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 120 base pairs(B) TYPE: nucleic acid(C) STRANDEDNESS: unknown(D) TOPOLOGY: unknown(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: cDNA (iii) HYPOTHETICAL: NO(vi) ORIGINAL SOURCE:(A) ORGANISM: Homo sapiens(F) TISSUE TYPE: serum(vii) IMMEDIATE SOURCE:(B) CLONE: #oft Corp(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:21:GAATTCCAAAAAGAGCAAAACAAACCGCCGAAGAAAAAACTAATAAGAGAAGAAAAGGCG60AAGAGACACAGGA AAAAAAAAACAGAGACGAAGGTCAGATAGAAAAAAAGCAAGGAATTC120(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:22:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 114 base pairs(B) TYPE: nucleic acid(C) STRANDEDNESS: unknown(D) TOPOLOGY: unknown(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: cDNA(iii) HYPOTHETICAL: NO(vi) ORIGINAL SOURCE: (A) ORGANISM: Homo sapiens(F) TISSUE TYPE: serum(vii) IMMEDIATE SOURCE:(B) CLONE: #Microsoft Corp(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:22:GAATTCCGAGAACAAGACCAGATAAAAACCAAAGACAGAACACAACAGAGAAAGACGAAA60AGAAGCACCAATCGCAGGCGAAGCAAAAACGAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAGGAATTC114(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:23:(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:(A) LENGTH: 201 base pairs(B) TYPE: nucleic acid(C) STRANDEDNESS: unknown(D) TOPOLOGY: unknown(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: cDNA(iii) HYPOTHETICAL: NO(vi) ORIGINAL SOURCE:(A) ORGANISM: Homo sapiens(F) TISSUE TYPE: serum(vii) IMMEDIATE SOURCE:(B) CLONE: #Microsoft Corp(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:23:GAATTCCAAGAAAAAAAGGGAGAAGCCAGCAATGGAGAAGCCGAAAACGACACACACAAG60AAACAAAGGAGGTACAAAGAAAAAGAAAAAACGGCAACAAATAACCCAGGAAAGAACAAA120 AAGCCAAGAGTGGGCAGAATAAAAAACTGGAACCGGGAGGGAAGGAAGGACGCATATCAG180ATTAGAAAAAGGAGGGAATTC201

Number	Date	Country
2-58700	Mar 1990	JPX
2-67439	Mar 1990	JPX
2-80100	Mar 1990	JPX
2-296899	Oct 1990	JPX

Number	Date	Country
0318216	May 1989	EPX
8403564	Sep 1984	WOX

Peptide and its use

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Entry
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Choo et al, Science, vol. 244, pp. 359-362 (1989).
Kuo et al, Science, vol. 244, pp. 362-364 (1989).
Arima et al, Gastroenterologia Japonica, vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 540-544; 545-548 (1989).
Chemical Abstracts, 277951y, vol. 115, Aug. 21, 1991, & EP-A-0 442 394, C. Y. Wang, "Synthetic Peptides for the Detection of Antibodies to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), Diagnosis of HCV Infection, and Prevention Thereof as Vaccines".