Claims
- 1. An percussively ignitable heating unit comprising
a sealed enclosure comprising at least one substrate having an exterior surface and an interior surface; a solid fuel comprising a metal reducing agent and a metal-containing oxidizing agent disposed within the enclosure; wherein the solid fuel is configured to heat a portion of the exterior surface of the at least one substrate to a temperature of at least 200° C. within at least 500 milliseconds following ignition of the solid fuel; and a percussive igniter partially disposed with the enclosure, configured to ignite the solid fuel.
- 2. The heat unit of claim 1, wherein the percussive igniter comprises an anvil partially coated with initiator composition disposed within a deformable metal tube.
- 3. The heating unit of claim 2, wherein the deformable metal tube is sealed at one end.
- 4. The heating unit of claim 2, wherein the metal for the metal tube is selected from brass, aluminum, steel, nickel and chromium.
- 5. The heating unit of claim 2, wherein the anvil is a metal rod or wire.
- 6. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the percussive igniter is actuated by mechanical impact.
- 7. The heating unit of claim 6, wherein the mechanical impact is provided by a spring loaded impinger.
- 8. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the substrate is selected from a metal, an alloy, and a ceramic.
- 9. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the enclosure comprises more than one substrate.
- 10. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a metal foil.
- 11. The heating unit of claim 10, wherein the metal foil exhibits a thickness ranging from 0.001 inches to 0.010 inches.
- 12. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the solid fuel is coated as a thin layer on at least a portion of the interior surface of the substrate.
- 13. The heating unit of claim 12, wherein the thin layer of solid fuel exhibits a thickness ranging from 0.001 inches to 0.030 inches.
- 14. The heating unit of claim 12, wherein the thin layer of solid fuel exhibits a thickness ranging from 0.001 inches to 0.005 inches.
- 15. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the metal containing oxidizing agent is selected from at least one of the following MoO3, KClO4, KClO3, and Fe2O3.
- 16. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the metal reducing agent is selected form at least one of the following: aluminum, zirconium, iron, and titanium.
- 17. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the amount of metal reducing agent ranges from 60% by weight to 90% by weight of the total dry weight of the solid fuel.
- 18. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the amount of metal-containing oxidizing agent ranges from 10% by weight to 40% by weight of the total dry weight of the solid fuel.
- 19. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the solid fuel comprises at least one additive material.
- 20. The heating unit of claim 19, wherein the additive material is selected from at least one of the following: nitrocellulose, polyvinylalcohol, diatomaceous earth, glass beads, colloidal silica, and Laponite.
- 21. The heating unit of claim 1, further comprising at least one impulse absorbing material disposed within the enclosure.
- 22. The heating unit of claim 21, wherein the impulse absorbing material is selected from a porous material, and a fibrous material.
- 23. The heating unit of claim 21, wherein the impulse absorbing material has a hole contained therein.
- 24. The heating unit of claim 22, wherein the hole is positioned to direct upon ignition of the primer materials a plume from the primer material to the solid fuel.
- 25. The heating unit of claim 1, wherein the sealed enclosure is capable of withstanding an internal pressure of at least 50 psig.
- 26. A method of making a sealed percussively ignitable heat package comprising:
a. coating with a slurry of solid fuel, comprising a metal reducing agent and a metal-containing oxidizing agent, at least a portion of an interior surface of a substrate of an enclosure; b. disposing partially within the enclosure a percussion igniter with initiator composition disposed therein and configured to ignite the solid fuel; and c. sealing the enclosure.
- 27. The method of claim 26, wherein prior to said coating a mask is positioned on a portion of the interior of the surface of the substrate to prevent deposition of the solid fuel said portion.
- 28. The method of claim 26, wherein said coating comprises
a. depositing a slurry of the solid fuel on the interior surface of the substrate with a coating rod to form a thin layer, b. drying the coated substrate; and c. removing the mask.
- 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the thin layer of solid fuel exhibits a thickness ranging from 0.001 inches to 0.030 inches.
- 30. The method of claim 28, wherein the thin layer of solid fuel exhibits a thickness ranging from 0.001 inches to 0.005 inches.
- 31. The method of claim 26, wherein said sealing is by use of adhesive, welding, soldering, fastening or crimping.
- 32. The method of claim 26, further comprising the step of dispensing an additional amount of initiator composition on the solid fuel itself.
- 33. The method of claim 26, further comprising the step of disposing a spacer within the enclosure.
- 34. The method of claim 26, further comprising the step of disposing at least one impulse absorbing material within the enclosure.
- 35. The method of claim 26, wherein the percussive igniter comprises an anvil partially coated with initiator composition disposed within a deformable metal tube.
- 36. The method of claim 35, wherein the deformable metal tube is sealed at one end.
- 37. The method of claim 36, wherein the metal for the metal tube is selected from brass, aluminum, steel, nickel and chromium.
- 38. The method of claim 35, wherein the anvil is a metal rod or wire.
- 39. The method of claim 26, wherein the substrate is selected from a metal, an alloy, and a ceramic.
- 40. The method of claim 26, wherein the enclosure comprises more than one substrate.
- 41. The method of claim 26, wherein the substrate is a metal foil.
- 42. The method of claim 39, wherein the metal foil exhibits a thickness ranging from 0.001 inches to 0.010 inches.
- 43. The method of claim 26, wherein the metal containing oxidizing agent is selected from at least one of the following MoO3, KClO4, KClO3, and Fe2O3.
- 44. The method of claim 26, wherein the metal reducing agent is selected from at least one of the following: aluminum, zirconium, iron, and titanium.
- 45. The method of claim 26, wherein the amount of metal reducing agent ranges from 60% by weight to 90% by weight of the total dry weight of the solid fuel.
- 46. The method of claim 26, wherein the amount of metal-containing oxidizing agent ranges from 10% by weight to 40% by weight of the total dry weight of the solid fuel.
- 47. The method of claim 26, wherein the solid fuel comprises at least one additive material.
- 48. The method of claim 47, wherein the additive material is selected from at least one of the following: nitrocellulose, polyvinylalcohol, diatomaceous earth, glass beads, colloidal silica, and Laponite.
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part and claims priority to U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/472,697 entitled “Self-Contained Heating Unit and Drug-Supply Unit Employing Same,” filed May 21, 2003, Hale et al., the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Provisional Applications (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
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60472697 |
May 2003 |
US |