This application claims priority to Italian Patent Application No. 102022000020259 filed on Oct. 3, 2022.
The infill system is an aspect of primary importance for any artificial grass field: it represents a necessary condition for the safety of the athletes and establishes the performance levels; as a matter of fact, the infill provides appropriate damping and shock absorption, and it creates the physical-mechanical conditions for the development of the game.
Infilling a grass turf substantially means filling it with granular inert material having the double task of:
Two different types of infill are used to achieve these objects:
I) Stabiliser
As stabiliser infill for fields subject to possible approval—due to its chemical-physical properties—washed, dried and dedusted silica sand (quarziferous)—typically with particle-size comprised between 0.4 and 1.25 mm—should be used.
In the presence of high-filament turfs, the sand represents the first filling layer and it is called “stabiliser” given that its main task is to ballast the grass turf to the ground and stabilise the surface.
Although it serves the same purpose in turfs with low fibres, in this case it is the only required infill, therefore excluding the rubber layer, with the task of obtaining from the surface higher play speed and ball-control evenness (for example in tennis, football/soccer, hockey).
II) Performance
Performance infill represents the second layer of artificial grass and it consists of microgranules which can be of various types. Therefore, the main tasks to be performed by this kind of infill are:
The state-of-the-art of artificial turfs lies in grass infilled not only with sand but also with elastic granules which improve play performance.
Various types of granular material are allowed for approval purposes:
Each of the type of infill has its advantages, and the choice may depend on the cost, or the balance between duration, elasticity, comfort, as well as the maintenance required to refill the material possibly washed out by rain.
Currently, the new European regulations prohibit the production of performance infill made of thermoplastic elastomers and vulcanised rubbers, and require that infill producers find alternative and strictly eco-friendly solutions. All plant material currently used in performance infill for artificial fields (for example made of ground coconut fibres, ground cork, corn) deteriorate rapidly over time due to their fragility and their low specific weight. They generally have the disadvantage of having to be refilled every two years.
Advantageously, and surprisingly, the present invention overcomes the disadvantages mentioned above.
Below is the detailed description of the present invention.
The present invention relates to performance infill for artificial turf, wherein said performance infill comprises:
The performance infill of the present invention has a diameter comprised in the range from 0.5-3.15 mm, according to the official FIFA requirements.
Said renewable raw material may be obtained from various sources, such as for example trees, rice, corn, preferably ground corn, sugar beet, glucose.
The expression “Sisal” is used to indicate a plant fibre obtained from the Mexican agave, a succulent plant of the Agavaceae family, originating from Yucatan in Mexico, which is very resistant, sound-insulating, anti-static.
The expression “plant component in loose form, preferably loose lignin” is used to indicate a ground plant component, preferably ground lignin.
In another embodiment, the present invention refers to use of polylactic acid (PLA) for the production of performance infill.
In another embodiment, the present invention refers to the use of lignin for the production of performance infill, wherein said lignin is loose.
Advantageously, and surprisingly, the Applicant found that the performance infill of the present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the state of the art mentioned above. Advantageously, the performance infill of the present invention is fully vegetable, eco-friendly, according to the European directives, but at the same time it does not deteriorate rapidly like the performance infill currently available on the market.
Advantageously, the performance infill of the present invention shows excellent properties in terms of elasticity, resistance to wear and bouncing of the ball, contrary to the eco-friendly products known currently.
Advantageously, the performance infill of the present invention does not require refilling in the short and long-term, thus offering the grass field comprising said performance infill a continuous efficiency and durability until normal end of useful life thereof.
Furthermore, the performance infill of the present invention, not worn out, may be recovered and regenerated through an extrusion process so as to be laid on the new grass field.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to an extrusion process for the production of performance infill, wherein said process comprises the steps of:
Preferably: said temperature of step ii.a) is comprised in the range from 235-290° C.
Preferably, said temperature of steps ii.b) and ii.c) is comprised in the range from 240-295° C.
Preferably, said temperature of step ii.d) is comprised in the range from 255-315° C.
The performance infill obtained with the process of the present invention has a diameter comprised in the range from 0.5-3.15 mm, in compliance with the official FIFA requirements, and it has the advantages mentioned above, overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art.
In another embodiment, the present invention refers to artificial grass fields comprising the performance infill of the present invention for sports activities, play and sports surfaces. Preferably, said sports activities are selected from the group consisting of: football/soccer, hockey, tennis, padel, golf, rugby, artificial mixed football/soccer, natural football/soccer.
Preferably, said artificial grass field comprises:
Below are some non-limiting examples aimed at showing the advantages of the present invention.
Test (and Test Conditions) Conducted on the Samples of the Present Invention
Extended Uncertainty
Characteristics of the Sample of the Present Invention
System made of artificial grass consisting of:
The tests (Test 1, Test 2, Test 3) were conducted at a temperature of 23.2° C. and a relative humidity of 51.3%.
The tests were conducted at a temperature of 23.2° C. and a relative humidity of 51.3%.
The tests were conducted at a temperature of 23.2° C. and a relative humidity of 51.3%.
The tests were carried out at a temperature of 23.0° C.±2° C.
After the wear cycle, the infill has whitened due to friction with sand, but with a very limited generation of dust. This is clearly visible in the series of images shown in
The artificial grass blade of the turf has whitened for the same reason as the infill, given that it is in contact with the silica sand during the cycles. In any case, the artificial grass blades seemed flattened due to the pressure of the embosses mounted on the rollers.
Only a few artificial grass blades broke, as observable in the last series of images relating to the turf with filler (
The new sample and the sample after wear show the same system performance, if not almost identical. This is due to the presence of the performance infill of the present invention, which guarantees high shock absorption value.
Tests were carried at a temperature of 22.9° C. and a relative humidity of 52.6%
Tests were carried at a temperature of 22.9° C. and a relative humidity of 52.6%
Tests were carried at a temperature of 22.9° C. and a relative humidity of 52.6%
For EXAMPLES 8-9-10, provided below, measurement uncertainties are expressed as extended uncertainty, obtained by multiplying the uncertainty type by the coverage factor K corresponding to an about 95% confidence level. Such factor K is equal to 2.
Identification of the nature of sample through surface reflection analysis using FTIR Perkin Elmer series SPECTRUM ONE provided with Universal ATR kit (resolution 4 cm-1, single reflection on ZnSe crystal, 4 additive scans).
The IR analysis of the three samples shows a high correlation index between the sample of the present invention and the other two.
The analysis was conducted using the DSC technique with TA Instruments Q2000 setting the scans in the presence of an approximately 50 ml/min nitrogen flow:
Analysis conducted according to the ASTM D3418-21 standard.
The DSC analysis shows that the sample of the present invention has characteristic melting peaks observed and comparable even in the thermograms obtained from the analysis of the other samples; specifically at 83.3° C. like in the sample with pigment (84.7° C.) and 126.5° C./157.3° C. like in the Plant sample from renewable materials (125.0° C./152.5° C.).
Thermogravimetric analysis conducted to quantitatively determine the weight loss of the sample when heating and verifying the presence of mineral load present in the tested sample.
The test was conducted in the presence of a 50 ml/min nitrogen flow, starting from 30° C. up to 900° C., using a heating ramp of 20° C./min with a TA INSTRUMENTS TGA550 instrument.
The TGA analysis shows that the sample of the present invention has thermal decomposition excursions observed and comparable even in the thermograms obtained from the analysis of the other two samples.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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102022000020259 | Oct 2022 | IT | national |