Patent Application
20130191543
The present invention relates to cloud computing, and more particularly to performing maintenance operations on a cloud computing node without requiring to stop all the virtual machines in the node.
In a cloud computing environment, computing is delivered as a service rather than a product, whereby shared resources, software and information are provided to computers and other devices as a metered service over a network, such as the Internet. In such an environment, computation, software, data access and storage services are provided to users that do not require knowledge of the physical location and configuration of the system that delivers the services.
In a virtualized computer environment, such as may be implemented in a cloud computing node of the cloud computing environment, the virtualized computer environment includes a virtual operating system. The virtual operating system includes a common base portion and separate user portions that all run on a physical computer. The physical computer is referred to as a host. The common base portion may be referred to as a hypervisor and each user portion may be called a guest. Each guest is a logical partition of physical resources of the computer. A guest operating system runs on each guest, and the guest appears to the guest operating system as a real computer. Each guest operating system may host one or more virtual machines.
Currently, when maintenance is to be performed on a cloud computing node, all of the virtual machines need to be stopped prior to the maintenance operation being performed. After the maintenance operation is performed, all of the virtual machines in the cloud computing node are restarted. Such a process is inefficient and causes operations being performed by the virtual machines to be terminated upon stopping the virtual machines, which could have an adverse affect on performance.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for performing maintenance operations on a cloud computing node comprises receiving an indication that a maintenance operation is to be performed on the cloud computing node. The method further comprises identifying one or more virtual machines in the cloud computing node that will be affected by the maintenance operation. Furthermore, the method comprises relocating the one or more virtual machines to one or more other cloud computing nodes prior to the maintenance operation. In addition, the method comprises performing, by a processor, the maintenance operation on the cloud computing node.
Other forms of the embodiment of the method described above are in a system and in a computer program product.
The foregoing has outlined rather generally the features and technical advantages of one or more embodiments of the present invention in order that the detailed description of the present invention that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the present invention will be described hereinafter which may form the subject of the claims of the present invention.
A better understanding of the present invention can be obtained when the following detailed description is considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:
The present invention comprises a method, system and computer program product for performing maintenance operations on a cloud computing node. In one embodiment of the present invention, an administrative server receives an indication that a maintenance operation is to be performed on a cloud computing node. The administrative server identifies which virtual machine(s) on the cloud computing node will be affected by the maintenance operation. The administrative server relocates the virtual machine(s) to be affected by the maintenance operation to other suitable cloud computing node(s) prior to the maintenance operation being performed. The administrative server then performs the maintenance operation on the cloud computing node. The virtual machine(s) may be relocated back to the cloud computing node and/or relocated to other cloud computing node(s) after the maintenance operation on the cloud computing node is completed in response to a need to rebalance resources in such a manner. In this manner, maintenance operations may be performed on a cloud computing node without requiring to stop all the virtual machines in the node.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without such specific details. In other instances, well-known circuits have been shown in block diagram form in order not to obscure the present invention in unnecessary detail. For the most part, details considering timing considerations and the like have been omitted inasmuch as such details are not necessary to obtain a complete understanding of the present invention and are within the skills of persons of ordinary skill in the relevant art.
It is understood in advance that although this disclosure includes a detailed description on cloud computing, implementation of the teachings recited herein are not limited to a cloud computing environment. Rather, the embodiments of the present invention are capable of being implemented in conjunction with any type of clustered computing environment now known or later developed.
In any event, the following definitions have been derived from the “The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing” by Peter Mell and Timothy Grance, dated September 2011, which is cited on an Information Disclosure Statement filed herewith, and a copy of which is provided to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models.
Characteristics are as follows:
On-Demand Self-Service: A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed, automatically without requiring human interaction with each service's provider.
Broad Network Access: Capabilities are available over a network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, laptops and workstations).
Resource Pooling: The provider's computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand. There is a sense of location independence in that the consumer generally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher level of abstraction (e.g., country, state or data center). Examples of resources include storage, processing, memory and network bandwidth.
Rapid Elasticity: Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released, in some cases automatically, to scale rapidly outward and inward commensurate with demand. To the consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be purchased in any quantity at any time.
Measured Service: Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth and active user accounts). Resource usage can be monitored, controlled and reported providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service.
Service Models are as follows:
Software as a Service (SaaS): The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider's applications running on a cloud infrastructure. The applications are accessible from various client devices through either a thin client interface, such as a web browser (e.g., web-based e-mail) or a program interface. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage, or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific application configuration settings.
Platform as a Service (PaaS): The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created using programming languages, libraries, services and tools supported by the provider. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including networks, servers, operating systems or storage, but has control over the deployed applications and possibly configuration settings for the application-hosting environment.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): The capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage, networks and other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage and deployed applications; and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls).
Deployment Models are as follows:
Private Cloud: The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization comprising multiple consumers (e.g., business units). It may be owned, managed and operated by the organization, a third party or some combination of them, and it may exist on or off premises.
Community Cloud: The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers from organizations that have shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy and compliance considerations). It may be owned, managed and operated by one or more of the organizations in the community, a third party, or some combination of them, and it may exist on or off premises.
Public Cloud: The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general public. It may be owned, managed and operated by a business, academic or government organization, or some combination of them. It exists on the premises of the cloud provider.
Hybrid Cloud: The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures (private, community or public) that remain unique entities, but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load balancing between clouds).
Referring now to the Figures in detail,
Network 103 may be, for example, a local area network, a wide area network, a wireless wide area network, a circuit-switched telephone network, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network, Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) network, a WiFi network, an IEEE 802.11 standards network, various combinations thereof, etc. Other networks, whose descriptions are omitted here for brevity, may also be used in conjunction with system 100 of
Cloud computing environment 102 is used to deliver computing as a service to client device 101 implementing the model discussed above. An embodiment of cloud computing environment 102 is discussed below in connection with
Referring now to
With reference now to cloud computing node 201A, cloud computing node 201A includes a virtual operating system 302A. Operating system 302A executes on a real or physical computer 303A. Real computer 303A includes one or more processors 304A, a memory 305A (also referred to herein as the host physical memory), one or more disk drives 306A and the like. Other components of real computer 303A are not discussed herein for the sake of brevity.
Virtual operating system 302A further includes user portions 307A-307B (identified as “Guest 1 and Guest 2,” respectively, in
Each guest operating system 308A, 308B may host one or more virtual machine applications 309A-309C (identified as “VM 1,” “VM 2” and “VM 3,” respectively, in
Virtual operating system 302A further includes a common base portion 310A, referred to herein as a hypervisor. Hypervisor 310A may be implemented in microcode running on processor 304A or it may be implemented in software as part of virtual operating system 302A. Hypervisor 310A is configured to manage and enable guests 307A, 307B to run on a single host.
As discussed above, virtual operating system 302A and its components execute on physical or real computer 303A. These software components may be loaded into memory 305A for execution by processor 304A.
As also discussed above, cloud computing environment 102 (
Guests 307A-307D may collectively or individually be referred to as guests 307 or guest 307, respectively. Guest operating systems 308A-308D may collectively or individually be referred to as guest operating systems 308 or guest operating system 308, respectively. Virtual machines 309A-309E may collectively or individually be referred to as virtual machines 309 or virtual machine 309, respectively. Hypervisors 310A-310B may collectively or individually be referred to as hypervisors 310 or hypervisor 310, respectively.
Referring again to
Referring now to
Referring again to
Administrative server 301 may further include a communications adapter 409 coupled to bus 402. Communications adapter 409 interconnects bus 402 with an outside network (e.g., network 103 of
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the present invention may be embodied as a system, method or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a “circuit,” ‘module” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer readable medium(s) having computer readable program code embodied thereon.
Any combination of one or more computer readable medium(s) may be utilized. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the C programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).
Aspects of the present invention are described below with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the function/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable medium that can direct a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the function/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
As stated in the Background section, currently, when maintenance is to be performed on a cloud computing node, all of the virtual machines need to be stopped prior to the maintenance operation being performed. After the maintenance operation is performed, all of the virtual machines in the cloud computing node are restarted. Such a process is inefficient and causes operations being performed by the virtual machines to be terminated upon stopping the virtual machines, which could have an adverse affect on performance.
The principles of the present invention provide a more efficient process in performing maintenance operations on cloud computing nodes whereby virtual machines affected by the maintenance operation do not need to be stopped prior to the maintenance operation. Instead, the affected virtual machines can be intelligently relocated to other cloud computing nodes as discussed below in connection with
Referring to
In step 502, administrative server 301 identifies which virtual machines 309 (e.g., virtual machines 309A-309B) on cloud computing node 201 (e.g., cloud computing node 201A) that will be affected by the maintenance operation.
In step 503, a determination is made by administrative server 301 as to whether suitable cloud computing node(s) 201 can be identified to relocate the virtual machine(s) 309 that will be affected by the maintenance operation.
If administrative server 301 can identify suitable cloud computing node(s) 201 (e.g., cloud computing node 201N) that can be used to relocate the virtual machine(s) 309 that will be affected by the maintenance operation, then, in step 504, administrative server 301 relocates these affected virtual machine(s) 309 to the identified suitable cloud computing node(s) 201. For example, if a maintenance operation is to be performed on cloud computing node 201A and virtual machines 309A-309B will be affected by the maintenance operation, and if cloud computing node 201N is suitable to be used to relocate affected virtual machines 309A-309B, then administrative server 301 relocates virtual machines 309A-309B to cloud computing node 201N.
If, however, administrative server 301 cannot identify suitable cloud computing node(s) 201 that can be used to relocate the virtual machine(s) 309 that will be affected by the maintenance operation, then, in step 505, administrative server 301 determines whether the affected virtual machine(s) 309 could be relocated if not for not meeting a policy (system use rules). Examples of system use rules include high availability, such as to ensure a prearranged level of operational performance will be met during a contractual measurement period. High availability may also refer to ensuring that there are a particular quantity of virtual machines 309 serving as backups that are residing on a computing hardware (e.g., server) in cloud computing node 201 in close proximity to another computing hardware (e.g., server).
If the affected virtual machine(s) 309 could be relocated if not for not meeting a policy, then, in step 506, administrative server 301 notifies the user that the affected virtual machine(s) 309 could be relocated if the user temporarily overrides the policy until the maintenance operation is completed.
Referring to
Referring to steps 505 and 507 of
Referring to
In step 511, administrative server 301 receives the selected virtual machine(s) 309 to be shutdown/suspended during the maintenance operation. In step 512, administrative server 301 shutdowns/suspends the selected virtual machine(s) 309. Referring to
Referring to step 509, if the affected virtual machine(s) 309 could not be relocated if not for a lack of resources in cloud computing environment 102, then, in step 513, suitable cloud computing node(s) 201 could not be identified to relocate virtual machine(s) 309 that would be affected by the maintenance operation. For example, cloud computing node 201 of a different architecture or having a different type of hypervisor 310 may not be suitable for the affected virtual machine(s) 309. In another example, there may be suitable cloud computing nodes 201; however, they may be located in a different administration group than the one on which the affected virtual machine(s) 309 are running and therefore virtual machine(s) 309 may be not relocated to the suitable cloud computing nodes 201.
Referring to step 504, upon relocating virtual machine(s) 309 to suitable cloud computing node(s) 201, administrative server 301, in step 514 of
Referring to
In step 516, administrative server 301 resumes any suspended virtual machine(s) 309 after the maintenance operation is completed. That is, administrative server 301 resumes any virtual machine(s) 309 that were suspended in step 512 of
In some implementations, method 500 may include other and/or additional steps that, for clarity, are not depicted. Further, in some implementations, method 500 may be executed in a different order presented and that the order presented in the discussion of
The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application or technical improvement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
