The present invention relates to a non-contacting coupler that physically isolates one component connected to the coupler from a second component connected to the coupler. More particularly, the invention relates to a coupler, which isolates an elevator car from the guide rails on which the car rides.
A typical elevator system includes an elevator car and a counterweight, each suspended on opposite ends of hoist ropes in an elevator hoistway. In some systems, the elevator car is attached to a car frame to which the hoist ropes are attached. The elevator system also includes guide rails extending the length of the hoistway and attached to opposite sides of the hoistway. A group of roller guides are attached to the elevator car or car frame and guide the car or frame up and down the hoistway along the guide rails.
There are several factors that impact the quality of the elevator car ride in elevator systems. One such factor is the total length of the hoistway. Longer hoistways require a greater number of guide rail segments stacked within the hoistway and a greater number of joints between the guide rail segments. A greater number of guide rail segments results in greater total weight of the guide rails. The increased weight of the guide rail segments causes the rails to deflect in the hoistway. Also, the joints between the guide rail segments result in discontinuities at the joints. Even slightly deflected rails and minimal discontinuity in joints cause the elevator car to vibrate and move laterally.
To minimize the adverse impact of rail imperfections on the ride quality of the elevator car, roller guide assemblies commonly include a suspension system and a damping system. However, prior roller guide assemblies have struggled with balancing the stiffness required for damping and the cushion required for suspension. Furthermore, prior systems have continued to provide a physical path through which vibration or noise can travel from one part of the elevator system to another, in particular, from the guide rails to the elevator car. In this sense, prior systems have been unable to truly isolate the elevator car from vibration or noise caused by guide rail deflection and discontinuity.
Prior elevator systems have also employed electromagnetic couplers to reduce the impact of guide rail imperfections on the ride quality of the elevator car. However, electromagnetic couplers have several disadvantages. Electromagnetic couplers are subject to failure when the power source driving the electromagnets included in such couplers fails. Although such couplers may employ failsafe methods, elevator safety is nevertheless a concern with electromagnetic couplers. Electromagnetic couplers consume extra electric energy during operation and increase the mass added to elevator systems employing such couplers. In addition, electromagnetic couplers are very costly, practically prohibiting their use in commercial elevator systems applications.
In light of the foregoing, the present invention aims to resolve one or more of the aforementioned issues that afflict elevator systems.
The present invention includes an elevator system comprising a guide, a car apparatus, and at least one non-contacting permanent magnet coupling arranged between the guide and the car apparatus.
The present invention also includes a device for coupling a first and second component of an elevator assembly, which comprises at least one non-contacting permanent magnet pair arranged between the first and second elevator assembly components. The non-contacting permanent magnet pair is configured to substantially inhibit relative movement of the first and second components in a plurality of directions, and transfer force between the first and second components.
Embodiments of the present invention are configured to provide a connection between elevator system components, between the elevator car and the guide rails, which substantially inhibit relative movement of and transfer force between the components while simultaneously substantially physically isolating the elevator car from vibrations caused by imperfections in the guide rails.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.
These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, appended claims, and the accompanying exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings, which are hereafter briefly described.
Efforts have been made throughout the drawings to use the same or similar reference numerals for the same or like components.
Imperfections in the guide rails 20 may affect ride quality by causing the car frame 14, and thereby the car 16, to vibrate and move inside the hoistway. There are several factors that impact the ride quality of the car 16. As previously discussed, two factors are: (a) the total length of the hoistway, which directly correlates to the potential for the segments of the guide rails 20 to deflect; and (b) the potential for discontinuities in the joints between the segments of the guide rails 20. Even slightly deflected and discontinuous guide rails 20 cause vibrations or noise, which may be transmitted through the roller guides 18 and the car frame 14 to the car 16.
In the arrangement shown in
As the sixth magnet 34 essentially floats amongst the first, second, third, and fourth magnets 24, 26, 28, 30, movement of the sixth magnet 34 is inhibited in four directions up, down, frontward, backward (i.e., movement is inhibited in two dimensions). In addition, movement of the sixth magnet 34 is also inhibited in the leftward direction of
The coupling 22 shown in
The repelling magnetic fields between the first and sixth magnets 24, 34 and between the third and sixth magnets 28, 34 also enables a non-contacting transfer of force in a single dimension, which may as shown be generally vertical. For example, the coupling 22 may, as shown in
Although the coupling 22 shown in
The six permanent magnets 40-50 each have north and south magnetic poles that are arranged so that various magnet pairs repel each other. For example, the opposed north poles of the first magnet 40 and the fourth magnet 46 are shown in
The non-contacting coupling 36 steadies the car 16 with respect to the car frame 14 in the hoistway by providing a non-contacting connection between the top of the car 16 and the car frame 14. The non-contacting coupling 36 may work in conjunction with other conventional contact connections between the car frame 14 and the car 16, for example between the bottom of the car 16 and the car frame 14. Accordingly, the non-contacting coupling 36 may not completely isolate the car 16 from vibrations. Nevertheless, even in such instances in which the car 16 is not completely isolated from vibrations, the non-contacting coupling 36 significantly reduces vibrations caused by imperfections in the guide rails from traveling through the car frame 14 to the car 16 by physically isolating at least the top of the car 16 from the car frame 14, and thereby substantially removing a physical path through which vibrations may travel through the car frame 14 to the top of the car 16.
In the arrangement shown in
The non-contacting connection created by the opposing magnetic fields of the first and fourth magnets 40, 46 also physically isolates the top of the car 16 from the car frame 14 in a single dimension. The non-contacting coupling 36 is connected between the car frame 14 and the car 16. As the car frame 14 and the car 16 are pulled up (or down) the hoistway, the car frame 14 may experience vibrations caused by imperfections in the guide rails (see, e.g.,
A variety of permanent magnets may be appropriate for use in non-contacting couplings according to the present invention. Permanent magnets are readily available and come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and strengths. For example, a rare-earth magnet such as a neodymium magnet is appropriate for use in embodiments of the present invention. Neodymium magnets are made of a combination of neodymium, iron, and boron (NdFeB) and are commercially available in column, wafer, ring, ball, and tube shapes as well as in many other shapes. Where appropriate and depending on the intended application, a variety of other types of permanent magnets, including samarium-cobalt, may be used in non-contacting couplings according to the present invention.
Embodiments of the non-contacting coupling according to the present invention and elevator systems including such non-contacting couplings provide several advantages over prior methods and apparatuses for improving the ride quality in elevator cars. Embodiments of the present invention are configured to provide a connection between elevator system components, between the elevator car and the guide rails, which substantially inhibit relative movement and transfer force between the components while simultaneously substantially physically isolating the elevator car from vibrations caused by imperfections in the guide rails. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention reduce the necessity for complex suspension and damping systems located between the car and the guide rails and remove the difficulty of balancing the cushioning requirements of suspension systems with the stiffness requirements of damping systems.
The aforementioned discussion is intended to be merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the appended claims to any particular embodiment or group of embodiments. Thus, while the present invention has been described in particular detail with reference to specific exemplary embodiments thereof, it should also be appreciated that numerous modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader and intended scope of the invention as set forth in the claims that follow.
The specification and drawings are accordingly to be regarded in an illustrative manner and are not intended to limit the scope of the appended claims. In light of the foregoing disclosure of the present invention, one versed in the art would appreciate that there may be other embodiments and modifications within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, all modifications attainable by one versed in the art from the present disclosure within the scope of the present invention are to be included as further embodiments of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is to be defined as set forth in the following claims.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/US07/02433 | 1/29/2007 | WO | 00 | 7/28/2009 |