Patent Application
20210355816
The present invention relates, generally, to systems and methods usable for fixating and orienting tools within a wellbore. The present invention further relates to downhole wellbore positioning apparatus and methods that are secondary to an initial construction feature further able to function with or without up-hole operator control.
A need exists, in the oil and gas industry, for the ability to anchor, clock in direction, and eventually release a transient toolstring that ill allow for precise and effective tool system performance. Enabling the precise location of a force, torque, sensor, perforation, drilling exit or other application, at an optimal position, further reduces the requirement to reposition multiple-run single location tool processes while reducing the chances of misguided or off-position deployments.
During conventional well construction and other downhole operations, components utilized in such processes often become stuck. Conventionally, when this occurs, the stuck component must be freed or removed to resume well operations. In other instances, a downhole component that has reached its design life limits must be removed from service. Conventional apparatus and methods provide limited choices of techniques useful to wholly or partially free or remove such equipment, many of which involve cutting or otherwise perforating a component to remove at least a portion of the string and/or any attached tools from the welbore.
Some existing tool systems, deployed within a wellbore, are constructed with control lines surrounding the periphery of a pipe. Removal of the pipe requires cutting both the target pipe and the control lines(s) for further completion operations to occur. Having the ability to make precise, multiple cuts at a single target plane can enable both elements to be cut; however, such operations are restricted to cutting without causing harm to the backside infrastructure. Thus, placing tools that enable precise energy delivery for cut effectiveness is preferred.
Drilling equipment requires use of heavy-walled tubular members, having small inner diameters, which limits the amount of working space within a tubular string. Therefore, when cutting or otherwise attempting to remove these heavy-walled tubular components, the effectiveness of conventional cutting and removal tools is limited due to the small size of such components necessary for insert on into the tubular string. When stacking multiple cutting or perforating events on the exact location of previous useful work, additive or compounding benefits are realized.
Tubular strings include numerous connectors or joints, used to connect lengths of drill pipe, drill collars, bits, steering devices, sensors, mandrels, and other tools and tubular components. To maximize the effectiveness of a cutting device, it is desirable to position a tool directly over a connector or joint between tubular segments. Connectors or joints within a drill string typically include male (pin thread) and female (box thread) ends, resulting in a thinner section profile at the cut location. When cutting a tubular string where a torqued joint is present, those torque forces are released. The reduction at tensile force at the joint allows the tubular segments to be readily pulled apart, enabling retrieval of the upper portion of the tubular string.
When screwed together and properly torqued, joints within a tubular string become relatively seamless, thus difficult to locate using conventional well logging devices. While existing casing collar locators and similar devices are usable to assist in positioning a tool within a tubular string, existing devices are limited in their accuracy and are generally accurate to within a number of feet. A joint target within a tubular string may be inches in length, requiring far in ore precise placement of a tool than what is conventionally available using existing collar locators and similar devices.
Completion processes taking place within a wellbore often require placing sensors, perforating a wall for communication, and perforating a casing such that contact with a geological feature is made. Operations, such as gauge integration, cement squeezing, fracturing and jet drilling, become subsequent processes.
Other positioning systems can include providing physical features within the interior of a tubular string that interact with corresponding physical features of a locating tool; however, these positioning systems require numerous precisely crafted features to ensure proper function and interaction, including various moving parts to cause selective engagement between corresponding features.
A need exists for removable positioning apparatus and methods for positioning a tool with complementary mating integration capacity within a tubular string, for enabling precise positioning of anchorable tools at a preselected location, including connectors or joints within the tubular string, to facilitate the effectiveness of tools. Having the flexibility of a selectively placed locking feature within a tubular member greatly reduces the size of the apparatus necessary to positively fixate a tool using pre-positioned anchoring profile mechanisms within a wellbore system.
A further need exists for positioning apparatus and methods usable for positioning a tool within a tubular string that are simple in construction and function able to incorporate reusable, machinable, and re-machinable parts, and able to accommodate a variety of latching and/or engaging orientation
A need also exists for positioning apparatus, systems, and methods usable for positioning a tool within a tubular string that are conveyable and deployable utilizing readily available setting tools.
The present embodiments meet these needs.
The present invention relates, generally, to a location connector for connecting a first tubular to a second tubular and to systems and methods usable for locating and positioning a downhole tool relative to a location connector (e.g, a casing collar locator) within a wellbore.
An embodiment of the present invention includes a location connector for connecting a first tubular to a second tubular. The location connector can comprise a cylindrical main body that can extend in a longitudinal direction, and the cylindrical main body can include a central bore that can, extend through the cylindrical main body in the longitudinal direction. The cylindrical main body further includes an outer surface around a circumference of the cylindrical main body, and an inner surface facing the central bore. A first connector on a first end of the cylindrical main body can be configured to attach to an end of the first tubular, and a second connector on an opposite second end of the cylindrical main body can be configured to attach to an end of the second tubular. The location connector further includes a female profile on the inner surface that comprises a plurality of grooves for selective engagement with a discrete complementary profile, which comprises one or more protruding members of a tool. Each of the grooves in the plurality of grooves comprises a no-go shoulder that can be configured to prevent movement of the tool in one direction, and each of the grooves can permit a clocking movement of the tool in an azimuthal direction. At least one of the no-go shoulders, of the plurality of grooves, can prevent the upward movement of the tool in the one direction and can permit the downward movement of the tool, in addition to the clocking movement.
In an embodiment of the present invention, each of the plurality of grooves can extend around the inner surface of the cylindrical main body at an angle relative to the longitudinal direction. In an embodiment, at least one of the plurality of grooves can extend around the inner surface of the cylindrical main body at an angle relative to the longitudinal direction, and at least another of the plurality of grooves can extend around the inner surface of the cylindrical main body orthogonally to the longitudinal direction.
In an embodiment, the female profile can comprise at least one magnetic member for communicating with a resonant entity on the tool to output a signal when the tool is located at a predetermined position relative to the location connector. In the same or another embodiment, the female profile can comprise at least one chemical element for reacting with a material of the tool to output a signal when the tool located at a predetermined position relative to the location connector. Further, in the same or another embodiment, the female profile can comprise at least one radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag, for communicating with a resonant entity on the tool to output a signal when the tool is located at a predetermined position relative to the location connector. The female profile can comprise a predetermined space between the moves in the plurality of grooves, a predetermined depth of the grooves in the plurality of grooves, a predetermined interior shape of the grooves in the plurality of grooves, or combinations thereof, which can be used biasing the tool, having the complementary profile, into a certain direction and/or position. Therefore, the biasing member (e.g., spaced grooved can be configured to dock the discrete complementary (male) profile of the tool into a selective azimuthal direction and position.
Embodiments of the present invention include a system for locating, a tool relative to a location connector that connects a first tubular to a second tubular. The system can comprise a first tubular having an end, a second tubular having an end, a location connector comprising a female profile on the hitter surface that comprises a plurality of grooves, and a tool comprising a discrete complementary profile comprising one or more protruding members for selective engagement with the female profile of the location connector. The location connector can include: a cylindrical main body that can extend :in a longitudinal direction an a central bore that can extend through the cylindrical main body in the longitudinal direction; an outer surface around a circumference of the cylindrical main body and an inner surface facing the central bore; a first connector on a first end of the cylindrical main body that can be configured to attach to an end of the first tubular; a second connector on an opposite second end of the cylindrical main body that can be configured to attach to an end of the second tubular; and the female profile comprising the plurality of grooves, wherein each of the grooves in the plurality of grooves can comprise a no-go shoulder. One or more no-go shoulders can be configured to prevent movement of the tool in one direction, while each of the grooves, of the plurality of grooves, can permit a clocking movement of the tool in an azimuthal direction.
In an embodiment, at least one of the no-go shoulders of the plurality of grooves can prevent: an upward movement of the tool in the one direction and can permit a downward movement of the tool in another direction, in addition to the clocking movement. Each of the plurality of grooves can extend around the inner surface of the cylindrical main body at an angle relative to the longitudinal direction. In an embodiment, at least one of the plurality of grooves can extend around the inner surface of the cylindrical main body at an angle relative to the longitudinal direction, and at least another of the plurality of grooves can extend around the inner surface of the cylindrical main body orthogonally to the longitudinal direction.
In an embodiment, the female profile can comprise at least one mimetic member for communicating with a resonant entity on the tool, or a chemical element for reacting with a material of the tool, to output a signal when the tool is located at a predetermined position relative to the location connector. The chemical element can comprise cobalt.
In an embodiment, the female profile can comprise at least one radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag for communicating with a resonant entity on the tool to output a signal when the tool is located at a predetermined position relative to the location connector.
In an embodiment, the tool can be clocked in the azimuthal direction by lifting or lowering the tool relative to the female profile so that the one or more protruding members of the tool, engaged with at least one groove of the plurality of grooves, slides along the at least one groove.
Embodiments of the present invention include a method of locating a tool relative to a location connector that connects a first tubular to a second tubular. The steps of the method can include: attaching a first end of the location connector to one end of a first tubular, and attaching one end of a second tubular to an opposite second end of the location connector, so that the location connector connects the first tabular to the second tubular. The steps of the method can continue by inserting a tool into the second tubular, wherein the tool can comprise a discrete complementary profile that comprises one or more protruding members for selective engagement with the female profile of the location connector. The steps of the method can further continue by lowering the tool through the second tubular until the one or more protruding members of the tool engages with at least one groove of the plurality of grooves of the female profile, and clocking the tool in the azimuthal direction. The clocking of the tool can be performed by lifting or lowering the tool relative to the female profile, so that the one or more protruding members of the tool, engaged with the at least one groove of the plurality of grooves, slides along the at least one groove. The location connector can comprise a cylindrical main body that can extend in a longitudinal direction and the cylindrical main body can include a central bore that can extend through the cylindrical main body in the longitudinal direction. The location connector can further include an outer surface around a circumference of the cylindrical main body, and an inner surface facing the central bore. The location connector also can include a female profile on the inner surface, wherein the female profile can comprise a plurality of grooves. Each of the grooves, in the plurality of grooves, can comprise a no-go shoulder that can be configured to prevent movement in one direction.
In an embodiment, each of the plurality of grooves can extend around the inner surface of the cylindrical main body at an angle relative to the longitudinal direction. In an embodiment at least one of the plurality of grooves can extend around the inner surface of the cylindrical main body at an angle relative to the longitudinal direction, and at least another of the plurality of grooves can extend around the inner surface of the cylindrical train body orthogonally to the longitudinal direction.
In an embodiment, the female profile can comprise at least one magnetic member for communicating with a resonant entity on the tool, or at least one at least one chemical element for reacting with a material of the tool, to output a signal when the tool is located at a predetermined position relative to the location connector. In, the same or another embodiment, the female profile can comprise at least one radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag for communicating with a resonant entity on the tool to output a signal when the tool is located at a predetermined position relative to the location connector.
The grooves of the female profile define a selected profile, which can engage a complementary profile that can be disposed in association wall the tool to be positioned. The selected profile can be defined by the spacing between the grooves, the depth of the grooves, the interior shape of the grooves, or other similar features usable to differentiate the selected profile from other features or profiles within the tubular string. In an embodiment of the invention, the selected profile can be shaped to permit downward movement of a complementary profile into engagement, while preventing upward movement, such as through use of an upwardly facing no-go shoulder, or a similar element within the selected profile and/or the complementary profile.
In an embodiment of the invention, the mechanism or keyset for clocking is variable for the degree in which a setting position is defined.
When a function specific tool is lowered into or past the prior set positioning apparatus bore, a blade or a plurality of blades can be provided in communication with the entering toolstring, and the blade can have a plurality of protruding members extending therefrom. The protruding members define a male or female profile complementary to the selected male or female profile within the positioning apparatus located inside the bore, such that when the tool is lowered, the blade can contact the selected profile, and the complementary profile can engage and lock within the selected profile, allowing live precise position of the tool, in relation to the grooves within the tubular string, to be determined. When profiles integrating a clocking profile for directional placement are present, the position result is defined by that direction, as placed and locked during anchor deployment.
While the present invention is usable to position any tool within a tubular string, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tool can include a torch, a cutter, or another type of cutting and/or perforating device intended to at feast partially cut into a portion of the tubular string. The selected profile, within the anchor, can be disposed proximate to a connector or joint within the string, such that when the complementary profile of the blade is engaged with the selected profile, the tool can be oriented to cut or perforate the tubular string at or proximate to the connector or joint. Cutting and/or perforating a tubular at or proximate to a connector or joint can release tensile forces from the torqued joint, facilitating removal of a severed portion of five tubing string from the wellbore.
In use, a positioning apparatus can be provided with any number of selected profiles, which differ from one another. Prior to lowering a tool into the positioning apparatus, the tool can be provided with a profile complementary to any of the selected profiles within the positioning apparatus that corresponds to the location to which it is deployed. After the tool has been actuated, or once it is no longer desirable to retain the tool in engagement with the selected profile, the tool can be removed, such as by shearing a shear pin or other frangible member, enabling removal of the tool.
The present invention thereby provides positioning apparatus, systems and methods able to vary accurately a position of a tool within a tubular string containing the apparatus at one or more deployed locations, with greater precision than existing methods. Further, the present positioning apparatus, systems and methods can include directionally biased members that can be usable to selectively engage and disengage from selected locations within an anchor. An additional feature of the positioning apparatus is the unobstructed bore., which can allow toolstrings to pass through the positioning apparatus in order to conduct operations below selected systems.
FIG, 2 depicts a side view of the positioning apparatus of
Before explaining selected embodiments of the present invention in detail, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein and that the present invention can be practiced or carried out in various ways.
The present invention relates, generally, to a system usable to position a tool deployed with anchoring-capable features within a welbore. Embodiments of the present positioning apparatus can include members for mechanical fixation to a structural member. When utilizing mechanical fixation, as shown in
In the depicted embodiment, the mandrel (10) is shown having first and second cone and/or wedge-shaped protrusions (11, 13), which can provide engagement between the slips (15, 17) and the interior surface of a wellbore conduit. As shown, a sealing section (21), which is shown disposed between the cone and/or wedge shaped protrusions (11, 13), both of which are further shown having generally perpendicular abutments (23, 25), expands to create a sealing contact between the sealing section (21) and the interior surface of the wellbore conduit.
A portion of the positioning apparatus, usable to position a tool (1) having a discrete complementary profile (2) disposed thereon, is shown in
The interior surface of the positioning apparatus thus defines a selected female profile (14), which can be usable to engage with a complementary male profile disposed in association with a tool. In an embodiment, a profile having no-go shoulders (24A, 24B) within, which prevent upward movement of an engaged tool when a complementary profile having similar shoulders is locked within the grooves, can be used.
The arrangement of grooves can define and/or include multiple profiles for enabling the anchor or similar apparatus to be installed n an inverted orientation, or to pass through the apparatus tor positioning elsewhere, when it is desirable to enable engagement with certain selected male profiles. A complementary male profile configured to engage with a selected female profile will pass over a non-matching and/or inverted female profile.
When a tool, attached at the end of a latching anchor toolstring, is lowered to the selected position within the wellbore-set positioning apparatus, the protrusions of the matching complementary male profile of the tool become engaged within the positioning apparatus' plurality of grooves (16A, 16B). The plurality of grooves (I6A, 16B) may be shaped to interact with the complementary male profile such that the tool clocks in a specific direction, thereby determining an azimuthal direction of the tool's operation.
Once operations concerning the deployed toolstring are completed, the toolstring can be removed from the positioning apparatus by shearing a pin, overcoming a locking spring force, or other release techniques known in the art, thereby removing the protrusions from the grooves (16A, 16B).
Additonally, once the positioning apparatus has completed the positioning of the tool and operation of the tool has been completed, following the removal of the toolstring, the mechanical magnetic, and/or chemical fixation methods can be reversed, utilizing means common to those fixation techniques as taught in prior known an procedures.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the positioning apparatus can include the ability and can be usable for, or include the method of, initially, or subsequent to prior operations, setting an effective apparatus (tool) within the inside diameter of the mandrel. Such additional components can be a smaller diameter plug for sealing (thus conveying an effective smaller plug in likely restricted access channels), installing sensor gauges for well monitoring, inserting valve components for flow control, inserting a flapper valve arrangement or other oil well control improvements requiring anchoring, clocking and an advantage of reduced diameter passage. All systems can remain permanent or retrievable as designed or as taught conventionally.
The present invention further relates to a location connector (5) illustrated in
The location connector (5) can comprise a cylindrical main body (6) extending in a longitudinal direction (Y), and can include a central bore (7) extending through the cylindrical main body (6) in the longitudinal direction (Y). The central bore (7) can extend through the first tubular (3) and the second tubular (4), and can extend with approximately the same dimensions (e.g., inner diameter for cylindrical tubulars) through the entire length of the casing down from the surface of the wellbore. The outer circumference of the cylindrical main body (6) defines an outer surface (8) of the cylindrical main body (6). An inner surface (9) of the cylindrical main body (6) faces the central bore (7).
The internal profile of the inner surface (9) deflates a female profile (14) that can include as plurality of grooves (16A, 16B) similar to the grooves shown in
As shown, each of the grooves (16A, 16B) can permit a clocking movement of the tool (1) in an azimuthal direction. “Clocking;” is a term used herein to indicate that the downhole tool (1) is forced or set in a specified angle calculated from a high and/or a low reference point, similar to the indications of time on a clock, with variable degees represented by the hours (3 o′clock, 6 o′clock, etc.). The angle of the grooves (16A, 16B), as biased members, for example, may be used to “clock” the tool (1) in a direction. That is, when the discrete complementary profile (2) is lowered with the downhole tool (1) through the wellbore and locks into the grooves (16A, 16B) of the female or selective profile (14), the downhole tool (1) may then be: (a) pushed downward to clock the discrete complimentary profile (2) of the tool (1) so that the discrete complimentary profile (2) points to the left c (b) pulled upward to clock the discrete complimentary profile (2) of the tool (1) so that the discrete complimentary profile (2) points to the right. Then, the biasing members (e.g the angle and spacing of the grooves) are used to thither position the downhole tool (1) into a desired angular position.
As set forth above, the angular positioning of configuration of the grooves (16A, 16b) can serve as biasing members to bias the downhole tool (1) into a certain clocked/azinuthal direction. in other embodiments, and as set forth above, the spacing between the moves (16A, 16b) can be altered or adjusted to create the biasing of the downhole tool (1), wherein the angular spacing and/or the configuration of the grooves (16A, 16b) create the biased member. This enables an operator from the surface of the wellbore to run multiple tools into the wellbore, and by pushing or pulling the locked-in downhole tool, the operator can clock the azimuthal angle of the tool (1) in a specified direction. That is, the operator may know that the downhole tool (1) is positioned specifically at a certain location and at a specified or angular direction (e.g., “3 o′clock” or “6 o′clock”) relative to the anchor assembly. By clocking the downhole tool (1) into such a selected location and direction, and then removing the downhole tool (1) from the wellbore, the operator can reuse this downhole tool (1), or another tool, by resending the tool (1) into the wellbore and positioning the downhole tool (1) at the exact location and specified or angular direction within the wellbore, as previously set.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in
As discussed above, the tool (1) can be located at a precise location relative to the location connector (5) before locking the tool (1) in a desired direction, by having the discrete complementary profile (2) of the tool (I) engage with the female profile (14) of the location connector (5) In particular, the protruding members of the discrete complementary profile (2) engage with at least one or more of the plurality of grooves (16A, 16B) to position the tool (1). Additionally or alternatively, the female profile (14) may include at least one magnetic member (31) that communicates with a resonant entity (32) on the tool (1) to output a signal when the tool (1) is located at a predetermined position relative to the location connector (5). The signal provides an indication to the tool operator that the tool (1) is at a particular position or location relative to the location connector (5). The magnetic member (31) may be a permanent magnet installed on a portion of the location connector (5), For instance, magnetic member (31) may be provided on the inner surface (9) of the female profile (14), on the outer surface (8), or in one of the plurality of grooves (16A, 16B).
In another embodiment, the female profile (14) may include at least one chemical element (41) for reacting with a material of the tool (1) to output a signal when the tool (1) is located at a predetermined position relative to the location connector (5). Similar to the embodiment discussed above, the signal provides an indication to the tool operator that the tool (1) is at a particular position or location relative to the location connector (5). The chemical element (41) may be a cobalt pellet installed on a portion of the location connector (5). For instance, chemical element (41) way be provided on the inner surface (9) of the female profile (14), on the outer surface (8), or in one of the plurality of grooves (16A, 16B).
In a further embodiment, the female profile (14) may include at least one RFID tag (51) (shown in
The present invention also relates to a system for locating a tool (1) relative to a location connector (5). The location connector (5) serves as a type of joint that connects a first tubular (3) to a second tubular (4), as shown in
As shown in
As shown in FIG, 3C, the location connector (5) includes the female profile that includes moves (16A, 16B) with no-go shoulders (24A, 24B) that are spaced angularly for biasing the tool (1). All of the embodiments and alternatives discussed above pertaining to the location connector (5), the tool (1), and the tubulars (3, 4), and components thereof, are applicable to the system.
The present invention further relates to a method of locating a tool (1) relative to a casing collar locator (5), referred to herein as a location connector. The location connector (5) serves as a type of joint that connects a first tubular (3) to a second tubular (4), as shown in
The method further includes attaching one end of a first tubular (3) to an opposite second end of the location connector (5), e.g., via the threads (19), so that the location connector (5) connects the first tubular (3) to the second tubular (4), as shown in
All of the embodiments and alternatives discussed above pertaining to the location connector (5), the tool (1), and the tubulars (3, 4), and components thereof, are applicable to the method.
While various embodiments of the present invention have been described with emphasis, it should be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the present invention might be practiced other than as specifically described herein.
This application is a continuation application that claims the benefit of, and the priority to, U.S. application Ser. No. 16/673,178, bring the title of “Permanent or Removable Positioning Apparatus And Method For Downhole Tool Operations,” lied on Nov. 4, 2019, which is a continuation-in-part of and claims priority to, U.S. application Ser. No. 15/864,960, filed on Jan. 8, 2018, which is a continuation of and chins priority to and the benefit of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/507,732, filed on Jul. 24, 2012, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/572,920, filed on Jul. 25, 2011, the entire contents of the prior applications are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61572920 | Jul 2011 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16673178 | Nov 2019 | US |
| Child | 17390468 | US | |
| Parent | 13507732 | Jul 2012 | US |
| Child | 15864960 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15864960 | Jan 2018 | US |
| Child | 16673178 | US |
