Patent Application
20240065947
Skin is the body's first line of defense against infections and environmental stressors. It acts as a major physical and immunological protective barrier, but also plays a critical role in temperature regulation, water holding, vitamin D production, and sensing. Its outermost surface consists of a lipid- and protein-laden cornified layer dotted with hair follicles and eccrine glands that secrete lipids, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), enzymes, salts, etc. It harbors microbial communities living in a range of physiologically and anatomically distinct niches. Overall, this constitutes a highly heterogeneous and complex system.
Ordinary soap bars typically contain soap made from salts of fatty acids and can contribute to irritation dermatitis. When using soap bars, there is a desire for the soap to provide a desired skin feel and not dry the skin. It would be desirable to provide a soap bar that can leave skin not looking dry and looking moisturized.
Probiotics are known to have beneficial effects on skin, including providing a healthier and more moisturized appearance. Much effort has been put forth to improve the skin microflora balance. In particular, it is desirable to inhibit harmful bacteria, while promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria. However, the ability to provide this dual benefit still remains a challenge.
In addition, skin tends to lose its elasticity and/or firmness as it ages. Current options for maintaining skin elasticity and firmness are sub-optimal.
As such, embodiments of the present invention are designed to provide these, and other, benefits.
The present disclosure relates to personal care compositions containing post-biotic blends for rebalancing skin microbiome. The inventors discovered that personal care compositions formulated to have specific components in certain ratios provide synergistic benefits to the skin microbiome, including, e.g., reducing undesirable bacteria and increasing desirable bacteria. For instance, the personal care compositions disclosed herein may reduce undesirable bacteria on the skin, such as E. coli and odor causing bacteria (e.g., Corynebacterium striatum), while simultaneously promoting the growth of desirable bacteria, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis.
The personal care compositions may be formulated as leave-on compositions or as rinse-off compositions. In some cases, the personal care compositions may contain a prebiotic component and a post-biotic blend component.
Aspects of the disclosure also relate to methods for improving skin using such personal care compositions. In at least some embodiments, the method includes using two or more personal care compositions. For instance, the method may include applying a cleaning composition to a section of skin, rinsing the section of skin, and applying a lotion composition to the section of skin. Additionally or alternatively, the personal care compositions according to embodiments of the disclosure may improve skin barrier function and hydration.
In accordance with an aspect of the invention, provided is a personal care composition including: from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % of a polysaccharide; from about 0.01 to about 12 wt. % of a fatty alcohol; and from about 0.5 to about 7 wt. % of a post-biotic blend, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
According to another aspect of the invention, provided is a personal care composition including: from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % of a polysaccharide comprises carrageenan, inulin, or a mixture thereof; from about 2 to about 12 wt. % of a fatty alcohol; from about 0.5 to about 10 wt. % of a fatty ester; and from about 0.5 to about 7 wt. % of a post-biotic blend selected from lactic acid, pyruvic acid, acetic acid, butanedioic acid, succinic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, isovaleric acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, a derivative thereof, a salt thereof, and a combination of two or more thereof, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, provided is a method for improving skin. In some embodiments, the method includes applying a cleaning composition to a section of skin, the cleaning composition comprising: from about 1 to about 25 wt. % of a surfactant, from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % of a polysaccharide, from about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % of a fatty alcohol, and from about 0.5 to about 7 wt. % of a post-biotic blend, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the cleaning composition; rinsing the section of skin; applying a lotion composition to the section of skin, the lotion comprising: from about 1 to about 30 wt. % of a silicone, an oil, a polyol, an emollient or a combination thereof, from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % of a polysaccharide, from about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % of a fatty alcohol, and from about 0.5 to about 7 wt. % of a post-biotic blend, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the lotion composition.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, provided is use of a personal care composition for alleviate suffering and/or damaged skin including: from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % of a polysaccharide; from about 0.01 to about 12 wt. % of a fatty alcohol; and from about 0.5 to about 7 wt. % of a post-biotic blend, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
For illustrative purposes, the principles of the present invention are described by referencing various exemplary embodiments thereof. Although certain embodiments of the invention are specifically described herein, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the same principles are equally applicable to, and can be employed in other apparatuses and methods. Before explaining the disclosed embodiments of the present invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of any particular embodiment shown. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation.
As used herein, the term “SCFA Blend” is intended to refer to any combination of short chain fatty acids described herein.
As used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural references unless the context dictates otherwise. The singular form of any class of the ingredients refers not only to one chemical species within that class, but also to a mixture of those chemical species. The terms “a” (or “an”), “one or more” and “at least one” may be used interchangeably herein. The terms “comprising”, “including”, and “having” may be used interchangeably. The term “include” should be interpreted as “include, but are not limited to”. The term “including” should be interpreted as “including, but are not limited to”.
As used throughout, ranges are used as shorthand for describing each and every value that is within the range. Any value within the range can be selected as the terminus of the range. Thus, a range from 1-5 includes specifically 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, as well as sub ranges such as 2-5, 3-5, 2-3, 2-4, 1-4, etc.
The term “about” when referring to a number means any number within a range of 10% of the number. For example, the phrase “about 2.0 wt. %” refers to a number between and including 1.800 wt. % and 2.200 wt. %.
All references cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties. In the event of a conflict in a definition in the present disclosure and that of a cited reference, the present disclosure controls.
The weight percentages expressed herein are based on the amount of active in a particular composition or formula, not necessarily the amount of an ingredient added to the formula, as certain ingredients contain inactive components (e.g., water).
The abbreviations and symbols as used herein, unless indicated otherwise, take their ordinary meaning. The abbreviation “wt. %” means percent by weight with respect to the personal care composition. The symbol “°” refers to a degree, such as a temperature degree or a degree of an angle. The symbols “h”, “min”, “mL”, nm”, “μm” mean hour, minute, milliliter, nanometer, and micrometer, respectively. The abbreviation “UV-VIS” referring to a spectrometer or spectroscopy, means Ultraviolet-Visible. The abbreviation “rpm” means revolutions per minute.
The phrase “MRS agar” refers to De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe agar, which is a selective culture medium designed to favor the growth of Lactobacillus. The phrase “TSB medium” refers to tryptic soy broth or trypticase soy broth, which is used in microbiology laboratories as a culture broth to grow aerobic bacteria. The phrase “PBS wash” refers to phosphate-buffered saline wash.
The abbreviation “qPCR” is quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
When referring to chemical structures, and names, the symbols “C”, “H”, and “O” mean carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, respectively. The symbols “—”, “═” and “≡” mean single bond, double bond, and triple bond, respectively.
Any member in a list of species that are used to exemplify or define a genus, may be mutually different from, or overlapping with, or a subset of, or equivalent to, or nearly the same as, or identical to, any other member of the list of species. Further, unless explicitly stated, such as when reciting a Markush group, the list of species that define or exemplify the genus is open, and it is given that other species may exist that define or exemplify the genus just as well as, or better than, any other species listed.
All components and elements positively set forth in this disclosure can be negatively excluded from the claims. In other words, the hair cleansing compositions of the instant disclosure can be free or essentially free of all components and elements positively recited throughout the instant disclosure. In some instances, the hair cleansing compositions of the present disclosure may be substantially free of non-incidental amounts of the ingredient(s) or compound(s) described herein. A non-incidental amount of an ingredient or compound is the amount of that ingredient or compound that is added into the personal care composition by itself. For example, a personal care composition may be substantially free of a non-incidental amount of an ingredient or compound, although such ingredient(s) or compound(s) may be present as part of a raw material that is included as a blend of two or more compounds.
Some of the various categories of components identified may overlap. In such cases where overlap may exist and the hair cleansing composition includes both components (or the composition includes more than two components that overlap), an overlapping compound does not represent more than one component. For example, certain compounds may be characterized as both an emulsifier and a surfactant. If a particular hair composition includes both an emulsifier and a surfactant, the compounds that may be characterized as both an emulsifier and a surfactant will serve only as either the emulsifier or the surfactant—not both.
For readability purposes, the chemical functional groups are in their adjective form; for each of the adjectives, the word “group” is assumed. For example, the adjective “alkyl” without a nouns thereafter, should be read as “an alkyl group”.
Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms (endotherms). Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some serotypes can cause serious food poisoning in their hosts, and are occasionally responsible for product recalls due to food contamination.
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive, round-shaped bacterium that is a member of the Firmicutes, and it is a usual member of the microbiota of the body, frequently found in the upper respiratory tract and on the skin. It is often positive for catalase and nitrate reduction and is a facultative anaerobe that can grow without the need for oxygen. Skin infections are the most common form of S. aureus infection. This can manifest in various ways, including small benign boils, folliculitis, impetigo, cellulitis, and more severe, invasive soft-tissue infections.
S. aureus is extremely prevalent in persons with atopic dermatitis, more commonly known as eczema. It is mostly found in fertile, active places, including the armpits, hair, and scalp. Large pimples that appear in those areas may exacerbate the infection if lacerated. This can lead to staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, a severe form of which can be seen in newborns.
Staphylococcus epidermidis, a Gram-positive bacterium, is a part of the normal human flora, typically the skin flora, and less commonly the mucosal flora. It is a facultative anaerobic bacteria.
Further tests of adding 0.6 wt. % SCFA Blend into a commercially available body wash and application thereof to a skin tissue, showed the body wash to upregulate hydration related gene and tight junction gene and downregulated inflammation related gene expressions. This revolutionary technology is suitable for, e.g., body wash, lotion, underarm products, soap compositions (e.g., soap bars) and the like in order to provide skin microbiome benefits.
Aspects of the present invention relates to personal care compositions containing post-biotic blends for rebalancing skin microbiome. The inventors discovered that personal care compositions formulated to have specific components in certain ratios provide synergistic benefits to the skin microbiome, including, e.g., reducing undesirable bacteria and increasing desirable bacteria. For instance, the personal care compositions disclosed herein may reduce undesirable bacteria on the skin, such as E. coli and odor producing bacteria (e.g., Corynebacterium striatum), while simultaneously promoting the growth of desirable bacteria, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis.
The personal care compositions may be formulated as leave-on compositions or as rinse off compositions. In some cases, the personal care compositions may contain a prebiotic component and a post-biotic blend component.
Aspects of the disclosure also relate to methods for improving skin using such personal care compositions. In at least some embodiments, the method includes using two or more personal care compositions. For instance, the method may include applying a cleaning composition to a section of skin, rinsing the section of skin, and applying a lotion composition to the section of skin.
In at least one embodiment, the method comprises administering to the skin a personal care composition in an amount effective to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, wherein the beneficial bacterium is selected from the group consisting of S. epidermidis, and harmful bacteria is selected from the group consisting of E. coli, C. striatum, and S. aureus. Additionally, or alternatively, the personal care compositions according to embodiments of the disclosure may improve skin barrier function and hydration.
In certain embodiments, the personal care composition has a viscosity of from about 50,000 to 120,000 centipoise (cP), about 60,000 to 110,000 centipoise (cP), about 70,000 to 90,000 centipoise (cP), including all values in between these ranges, at room temperature using Brookfield viscometer and a spindle no. 3. In some embodiments, the personal care composition is a body wash having a viscosity of from about 2,000 to about 20,000 cP, as measured using Brookfield viscometer spindle no. 4 at rpm 20. In other embodiments, the personal care composition is a body lotion having a viscosity of greater than about 15,000 cP, as measured using Brookfield viscometer spindle no. 93 at rpm 10. In certain embodiments, the personal care composition has a viscosity of from about 2,000 to about 20,000 cP, or about 3,000 to about 16,000 cP, or about 4,000 to about 12,000 cP, including all values in between these ranges, including all values in between these ranges, at room temperature using Brookfield viscometer and a spindle no. 3.
The personal care composition may, preferably, be formulated to inhibit and/or reduce the growth of C. striatum, and E. coli, S. aureus while increasing the growth of S. epidermidis. For example, the personal care compositions may inhibit the growth of C. striatum, E. coli, and/or S. aureus by about 5% or more (cumulatively or individually) and increase the growth of S. epidermidis by about 5% or more by counting CFU/mL after incubating a 2 ml of a bacterial culture having a 0.1 optical density at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer for C. striatum, S. aureus, E. coli, and S. epidermidis with a 2 ml of 1% personal care product at a temperature of 37° C. for 3 hours. In some embodiment, the personal are care composition may inhibit the growth of C. striatum, E. coli, and/or S. aureus, cumulatively or individually, by about 5% or more, about 7% or more, about 10% or more, about 13% or more, about 16% or more, about 19% or more, about 23% or more, about 27% or more, or any range thereof. Additionally or alternatively, certain embodiments of the personal care composition may increase the growth of S. epidermidis by about 5% or more, about 7% or more, about 10% or more, about 13% or more, about 16% or more, about 19% or more, about 23% or more, about 27% or more, or any range thereof.
In at least one embodiment, the personal care composition is formulated to inhibit the growth of C. striatum and E. coli (cumulatively or individually) by about 5% or more and increase the growth of S. epidermidis by about 5% or more by counting CFU/mL after incubating a 2 ml of a bacterial culture having a 0.1 optical density at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer for C. striatum, E. coli, and S. epidermidis with a 2 ml of 1% personal care product at a temperature of 37° C. for 3 hours.
In at least one embodiment, the personal care composition is formulated to inhibit the growth of S. aureus by about 5% or more and increase the growth of S. epidermidis by about 5% or more by counting CFU/mL after incubating a 2 ml of a bacterial culture having a 0.1 optical density at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer for S. aureus and S. epidermidis with a 2 ml of 1% personal care product at a temperature of 37° C. for 3 hours.
Preferably, the personal care compositions may be formulated to inhibit the growth of C. striatum and E. coli and increase the growth of S. epidermidis, such that the ratio of S. epidermidis to C. striatum and E. coli is about 1.5 or more, based on a log count of C. striatum and E. coli divided by a log count of S. epidermidis after incubating a 2 ml of a bacterial culture having a 0.1 optical density at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer for C. striatum and E. coli and S. epidermidis with a 2 ml of 1% personal care product at a temperature of 37° C. for 3 hours. For example, the personal care composition may inhibit the growth of C. striatum and E. coli and increase the growth of S. epidermidis, such that the ratio of S. epidermidis to C. striatum and E. coli is about 1.5 or more, about 1.75 or more, about 2 or more, about 2.3 or more, about 2.6 or more, about 2.9 or more, about 3.1 or more, about 3.4 or more, or any range thereof.
In some embodiments, the personal care composition is formulated to inhibit the growth of C. striatum and increase the growth of S. epidermidis, such that the ratio of S. epidermidis to C. striatum is about 2 or more, based on a log count of C. striatum divided by a log count of S. epidermidis after incubating a 2 ml of a bacterial culture having a 0.1 optical density at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer for C. striatum and S. epidermidis with a 2 ml of 1% personal care product at a temperature of 37° C. for 3 hours.
In yet further embodiments, the personal care composition is formulated to inhibit the growth of C. striatum and E. coli and increase the growth of S. epidermidis, such that the ratio of S. epidermidis to a total of C. striatum and E. coli is about 2 or more, based on a log count of C. striatum and E. coli divided by a log count of S. epidermidis after incubating a 2 ml of a bacterial culture having a 0.1 optical density at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer for C. striatum, E. coli, and S. epidermidis with a 2 ml of 1% personal care product at a temperature of 37° C. for 3 hours.
The personal care compositions may be formulated to inhibit the growth of S. aureus and increase the growth of S. epidermidis, such that the ratio of S. epidermidis to S. aureus is about 1.5 or more, based on a log count of S. aureus divided by a log count of S. epidermidis after incubating a 2 ml of a bacterial culture having a 0.1 optical density at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer for S. aureus and S. epidermidis with a 2 ml of 1% personal care product at a temperature of 37° C. for 3 hours. For example, the personal care composition may inhibit the growth of S. aureus and increase the growth of S. epidermidis, such that the ratio of S. epidermidis to S. aureus is about 1.5 or more, about 1.75 or more, about 2 or more, about 2.3 or more, about 2.6 or more, about 2.9 or more, about 3.1 or more, about 3.4 or more, or any range thereof.
In some embodiments, the personal care composition is formulated to inhibit the growth of S. aureus and increase the growth of S. epidermidis, such that the ratio of S. epidermidis to S. aureus is about 2 or more, based on a log count of S. aureus divided by a log count of S. epidermidis after incubating a 2 ml of a bacterial culture having a 0.1 optical density at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer for S. aureus and S. epidermidis with a 2 ml of 1% personal care product at a temperature of 37° C. for 3 hours.
The personal care compositions may be in the form of skin care, hair care, sun care, or nail care compositions. Non-limiting examples of the form of the personal care compositions according to aspects of the invention include a shampoo, a hair conditioner, a lotion, a cream, a serum, a balm, a spray, a deodorant, an antiperspirant, a body wash, a shower gel, a bar soap, a soft soap, a sunscreen, a cosmetic, and the like. For instance, the personal care composition may be in the form of a soap bar, roll-on deodorant, a stick deodorant, or a spray deodorant.
Suitable components, such as those listed below, may be included or excluded from the formulations for the personal care compositions depending on the specific combination of other ingredients, the form of the personal care compositions, and/or the use of the compositions (e.g., a lotion, cream, spray, etc.).
The personal care compositions comprise a polysaccharide(s), typically in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care compositions. The amount of polysaccharide(s) present in the personal care composition may be from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1 wt. %; about 0.25 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 1.5 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 1 wt. %; about 0.5 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1.5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1 wt. %; about 0.75 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 1.5 wt. %; about 1 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 1 to about 3 wt. %, about 1 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 1 to about 2 wt. %; about 1.25 to about 5 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 4 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 3 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 2 wt. %; about 1.5 to about 5 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 3 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 2 wt. %, including any ranges and subranges therebetween, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Examples of polysaccharide(s) that may be present in the personal care composition include, but are not limited to, cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, cellulose acetate propionate carboxylate, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methyl hydroxyethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium cellulose sulfate, acacia, agar, algin, alginic acid, ammonium alginate, amylopectin, calcium alginate, calcium carrageenan, carnitine, carrageenan, dextrin, gelatin, gellan gum, guar gum, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hectorite, hyaluronic acid, hydrated silica, hydroxypropyl chitosan, hydroxypropyl guar, karaya gum, kelp, locust bean gum, natto gum, potassium alginate, potassium carrageenan, propylene glycol alginate, sclerotium gum, sodium carboxymethyl dextran, carrageenan, tragacanth gum, xanthan gum, biosaccharide gum, inulin, and combinations of two or more thereof.
Preferably, the polysaccharide is fructan, inulin, carrageenan, or a combination of two or more thereof. In one embodiment, the polysaccharide is fructan. In another embodiment, the polysaccharide is inulin. In yet another embodiment, the polysaccharide is carrageenan.
The personal care compositions comprise a fatty alcohol(s), typically in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 12 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care compositions. For example, the amount of fatty alcohol(s) present in the personal care composition may be from about 0.01 to about 12 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 1 wt. %; about 0.1 to about 12 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1 wt. %; about 0.5 to about 12 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1 wt. %; about 1 to about 12 wt. %, about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 1 to about 8 wt. %, about 1 to about 6 wt. %, about 1 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 3 wt. %, about 1 to about 2 wt. %; about 2 to about 12 wt. %, about 2 to about 10 wt. %, about 2 to about 8 wt. %, about 2 to about 6 wt. %, about 2 to about 5 wt. %, about 2 to about 4 wt. %; about 4 to about 12 wt. %, about 4 to about 10 wt. %, about 4 to about 8 wt. %, about 4 to about 6 wt. %, including ranges and subranges therebetween, based on the total weight of the personal care compositions.
Preferably, the fatty alcohol comprises or consists of butyloctanol. In at least one embodiment, the fatty alcohol 2-butyloctanol. Additionally or alternatively, the personal care composition comprises a fatty alcohol selected from decyl alcohol, undecyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol (cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol), isostearyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, linalool, oleyl alcohol, cis-4-t-butylcyclohexanol, isotridecyl alcohol, myricyl alcohol, and a combination of two or more thereof.
Examples of additional fatty alcohols that may be present in the personal care composition are disclosed below.
The personal care composition may include a saturated or an unsaturated fatty alcohol. Exemplary saturated liquid fatty alcohols may be branched and optionally contain in their structure at least one aromatic or non-aromatic ring. In some instances, however, the fatty alcohols are acyclic. Non-limiting examples of liquid saturated fatty alcohols include octyldodecanol, isostearyl alcohol, and 2-hexyldecanol.
Exemplary unsaturated liquid fatty alcohol may include in their structure at least one double or triple bond. For example, the fatty alcohols may include several double bonds (such as 2 or 3 double bonds), which may be conjugated or non-conjugated. The unsaturated fatty alcohols can be linear or branched and may be acyclic or include in their structure at least one aromatic or non-aromatic ring. Liquid unsaturated fatty alcohols may include or be chosen from oleyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol and undecylenyl alcohol.
The fatty alcohols may be alkoxylated fatty alcohols, e.g., having about 1 to about 100 moles of an alkylene oxide per mole of alkoxylated fatty alcohol. As examples of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, steareth (for example, steareth-2, steareth-20, and steareth-21), laureth (for example, laureth-4, and laureth-12), ceteth (for example, ceteth-10 and ceteth-20) and ceteareth (for example, ceteareth-2, ceteareth-10, and ceteareth-20) are mentioned. In at least one instance, the one or more alkoxylated fatty alcohols include steareth-20. In some instances, the one or more alkoxylated fatty alcohols may be exclusively steareth-20.
There personal care composition may comprise fatty alcohol derivatives, such as methyl stearyl ether; 2-ethylhexyl dodecyl ether; stearyl acetate; cetyl propionate; the ceteth series of compounds, such as ceteth-1 through ceteth-45, which are ethylene glycol ethers of cetyl alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; the steareth series of compounds such as steareth-1 through 10, which are ethylene glycol ethers of steareth alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; ceteareth 1 through ceteareth-10, which are the ethylene glycol ethers of ceteareth alcohol, i.e. a mixture of fatty alcohols containing predominantly cetyl and stearyl alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; C1-C30 alkyl ethers of the ceteth, steareth, and ceteareth compounds just described; polyoxyethylene ethers of branched alcohols such as octyldodecyl alcohol, dodecylpentadecyl alcohol, hexyldecyl alcohol, and isostearyl alcohol; polyoxyethylene ethers of behenyl alcohol; PPG ethers such as PPG-9-steareth-3, PPG-11 stearyl ether, PPG8-ceteth-1, and PPG-10 cetyl ether; and a combination of two or more thereof.
The personal care compositions include a post-biotic blend. The amount of post-biotic blend in the personal care composition may be from about 0.1 to about 7 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. For example, the amount of post-biotic blend present in the personal care composition may be from about 0.1 to about 7 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1 wt. %; about 0.25 to about 7 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 1.5 wt. %, about 0.25 to about 1 wt. %; about 0.5 to about 7 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1.5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1 wt. %; about 0.75 to about 7 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 1.5 wt. %; about 1 to about 7 wt. %, about 1 to about 6 wt. %, about 1 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 1 to about 3 wt. %, about 1 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 1 to about 2 wt. %; about 1.25 to about 7 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 6 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 5 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 4 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 3 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 1.25 to about 2 wt. %; about 1.5 to about 7 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 6 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 5 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 3.5 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 3 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 2 wt. %, including any ranges and subranges therebetween, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
The post-biotic blend typically includes at least one short chain fatty acid. Short-chain acids are acids with less than six carbon atoms. As used herein short-chain acids mean not only hydrocarbyl acids of formula CnH2n+1COOH, wherein n is 0 to 6, but also short-chained acids that are substituted with oxygen containing groups such as alcohols or oxo groups.
The at least one short chain fatty acid may be selected from pentanoic acid, CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH, isovaleric acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, (CH3)2CHCH2COOH, 2-methylpropanoic acid, (CH3)2CHCOOH, butanoic acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, CH3CH2COOH, ethanoic acid, CH3COOH, methanoic acid, HCOOH, acetic acid, butanedioic acid, succinic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, isovaleric acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, a derivative thereof, a salt thereof, and a combination of two or more thereof. Preferably, the post-biotic blend comprises or consists of lactic acid, pyruvic acid, mandelic acid, a salts thereof, and a combination of two or more thereof.
In one embodiment, the post-biotic blend comprises or consists of lactic acid or a salt thereof and comprises pyruvic acid or a salt thereof. The inventors recognized that certain weight ratios of lactic acid and/or salts thereof to pyruvic acid and/or salts thereof may further enhance the growth of desirable bacteria and/or inhibit the growth of undesirable bacteria. For example, the personal care compositions may have lactic acid and/or salts thereof and pyruvic acid and/or salts in a weight ratio of about 6:1 to about 2:1. In some instances, the weight ratio of the weight ratio of lactic acid to pyruvic acid is from about 6:1 to about 2:1, about 5.75:1 to about 2.25:1, about 5.5:1 to about 2.5:1; about 5.25:1 to about 2.75:1, about 5:1 to about 3:1, about 4.75:1 to about 3.25:1, about 4.5:1 to about 3.5:1, or about 4.25:1 to about 3.75:1, including any ranges and subranges therebetween. In one embodiment, the weight ratio of lactic acid to pyruvic acid is about 4:1. In at least one embodiment, the post-biotic blend may be formulated to be a biomimetic blend, e.g., as further discussed below.
The post-biotic blend, in some embodiments, may comprise or consist of the short chain fatty acid(s) further discussed below.
Examples of short-chain acids comprising one carbon include methanoic acid, formic acid, and HCOOH. Examples of short-chain acids comprising two carbons include ethanoic acid, acetic acid, CH3COOH, ethanedioic acid, oxalic acid, HOOCCOOH, oxoethanoic acid, glyoxylic acid, formylformic acid, OHCCOOH, 2-hydroxyethanoic acid, glycolic acid, dicarbonous acid, hydroxyacetic acid, and HOCH2COOH.
Examples of short-chain acids comprising three carbons include propanoic acid, ethanecarboxylic acid, CH3CH2COOH, prop-2-enoic acid, acrylic acid, acroleic acid, ethylenecarboxylic acid, propene acid, vinylformic acid, CH2═CH—COOH, 2-propynoic acid, propiolic acid, acetylene carboxylic acid, propargylic acid, CH—C—COOH, propanedioic acid, malonic acid, methanedicarboxylic acid, HOOC—CH2—COOH, 2-hydroxypropanedioic acid, tartronic acid, hydroxymalonic acid, HOOC—CHOH—COOH, oxopropanedioic acid, mesoxalic acid, ketomalonic acid, HOOC—CO—COOH, 2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, dihydroxymalonic acid, mesoxalic acid monohydrate, HOOC—C(OH)2—COOH, 2-oxopropanoic acid, pyruvic acid, α-ketopropionic acid, acetylformic acid, pyroracemic acid, CH3—CO—COOH, 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, lactic acid, milk acid, CH3—CHOH—COOH, 3-hydroxypropanoic acid, hydracrylic acid, CH2OH—CH2—COOH, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid, glyceric acid, CH2OH—CHOH—COOH, 2-oxiranecarboxylic acid, and glycidic acid.
Examples of short-chain acids comprising four carbons include butanoic acid, butyric acid, propanecarboxylic acid, CH3(CH2)2COOH, 2-methylpropanoic acid, isobutyric acid, isobutanoic acid, (CH3)2CHCOOH, 2-oxobutanoic acid, alpha-ketobutyric acid, CH3—CH2—CO—COOH, 3-oxobutanoic acid, acetoacetic acid, CH3CO—CH2—COOH, 4-oxobutanoic acid, succinic semialdehyde, HC(O)—CH2—CH2—COOH, (E)-butenedioic acid, fumaric acid, trans-1,2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid, 2-butenedioic acid, trans-butenedioic acid, allomaleic acid, boletic acid, donitic acid, lichenic acid, HOOC—CH═CH—COOH, (Z)-butenedioic acid, maleic acid, cis-butenedioic acid, maleinic acid, toxilic acid, HOOC—CH═CH—COOH, oxobutanedioic acid, oxaloacetic acid, oxalacetic acid, oxosuccinic acid, HOOC—CH2—CO—COOH, hydroxybutanedioic acid, malic acid, hydroxybutanedioic acid, HOOC—CH2—CHOH—COOH, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, tartaric acid, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, threaric acid, racemic acid, uvic acid, paratartaric acid, HOOC(CHOH)2COOH, (E)-but-2-enoic acid, crotonic acid, trans-2-butenoic acid, beta-methylacrylic acid, 3-methylacrylic acid, (E)-2-butenoic acid, and CH3—CH═CH—COOH.
Examples of short-chain acids comprising five carbons include pentanoic acid, valeric acid, valerianic acid, butane-1-carboxylic acid, CH3(CH2)3COOH, 3-methylbutanoic acid, iso-valeric acid, (CH3)2CH—CH2—COOH, pentanedioic acid, glutaric acid, propane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid, 1,3-propanedicarboxylic acid, n-pyrotartaric acid, HOOC—(CH2)3—COOH, 2-oxopentanedioic acid, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, 2-ketoglutaric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, 2-oxoglutaric acid, oxoglutaric acid, and HOOC—(CH2)2—CO—COOH.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend also comprises a short chain alcohol. Examples of a short chain alcohol includes methanol, CH3OH, ethanol, CH3CH2OH, n-propanol, 1-propanol, CH3—CH2—CH2—OH, iso-propanol, 2-propanol, (CH3)2CH—OH, n-butanol, 1-bunatol, CH3—CH2—CH2—CH2—OH, sec-butanol, 2-butanol, CH3—CH2—CHOH—CH3, iso-butanol, (CH3)2CH—CH2—OH, tert-butanol, (CH3)3C—OH, normal amyl alcohol, pentan-1-ol, CH3—(CH2)4OH, isobutyl carbinol, 3-methylbutan-1-ol, isoamyl alcohol, isopentyl alcohol, (CH3)2CH—CH2—CH2—OH, active amyl alcohol, 2-methylbutan-1-ol, CH3—CH2—C(CH3)H—CH2—OH, tertiary butyl carbinol, 2,2-dimethylpropan-1-ol, neopentyl alcohol, (CH3)3C—CH2—OH, 3-pentanol, pentan-3-ol, (CH3—CH2)CH—OH, methylpropyl carbinol, pentan-2-ol, CH3—CH2—CH2—CH(OH)—CH3, methyl isopropyl carbinol, 3-methylbutan-2-ol, (CH3)2CH—C(OH)—CH3, dimethyl ethyl carbinol, 2-methylbutan-2-ol, tertiary amyl alcohol, CH3—CH2—C(CH3)2—OH.
In some embodiments, the biomimetic blend also comprises a short chain polyol. A polyol is an organic compound containing multiple hydroxyl groups. Examples of polyols include a diol, a triol, and a tetrol. An example of a triol is a glycerol.
Lactic acid is a carboxylic acid with the formula CH3-CH(OH)—COOH. Under one embodiment, the lactic acid is L-(+)-lactic acid or (S)-lactic acid. Under another embodiment the lactic acid is D-(−)-lactic acid of (R)-lactic acid. Under yet another embodiment the lactic acid is a mixture of the two stereoisomers.
Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.1 wt. % to about 0.3 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.1 wt. % to about 0.5 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.1 wt. % to about 0.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.1 wt. % to about 1.1 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.1 wt. % to about 1.3 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.1 wt. % to about 1.5 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.1 wt. % to about 1.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.3 wt. % to about 0.5 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.3 wt. % to about 0.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.3 wt. % to about 1.1 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.3 wt. % to about 1.3 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.3 wt. % to about 1.5 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.3 wt. % to about 1.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.3 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.5 wt. % to about 0.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.5 wt. % to about 1.1 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.5 wt. % to about 1.3 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.5 wt. % to about 1.5 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.5 wt. % to about 1.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.5 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.7 wt. % to about 1.1 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.7 wt. % to about 1.3 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.7 wt. % to about 1.5 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.7 wt. % to about 1.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.7 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.9 wt. % to about 1.1 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.9 wt. % to about 1.3 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.9 wt. % to about 1.5 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.9 wt. % to about 1.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 0.9 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 1.1 wt. % to about 1.3 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 1.1 wt. % to about 1.5 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 1.1 wt. % to about 1.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 1.1 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 1.3 wt. % to about 1.5 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 1.3 wt. % to about 1.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 1.3 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 1.5 wt. % to about 1.7 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 1.5 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. Under one embodiment, the personal care composition comprises about 1.7 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. % of the biomimetic blend, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Under one embodiment, the personal care product of the present invention comprises a biomimetic blend of short chain acids, wherein the short chain are lactic acid, acetic acid, and pyruvic acid. The lactic is the major component, and the pyruvic acid is the smallest component. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2 to about 3 parts by weight pyruvic acid. The phrase “parts by weight” refers to the weight ratios of the component short chain acids.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 10 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 12 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 10 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 12 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 10 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 12 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight pyruvic acid.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 10 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 12 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 10 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 12 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 10 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 12 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 10 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 12 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 5 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 10 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 12 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 10 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 12 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 10 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid. Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 12 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 5 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.5 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid.
Under one embodiment, the biomimetic blend comprises about 8 to about 14 parts by weight lactic acid, about 4 to about 6 parts by weight acetic acid, and about 2.0 to about 3.0 parts by weight pyruvic acid, and about 1 part of glycerol.
The personal care compositions typically include a calcium carbonate in an amount that may vary depending on the form of the personal care composition and other components. It was surprisingly discovered that the synergistic benefits to the skin microbiome achieved by particular combinations of components (e.g., certain polysaccharide(s), fatty alcohol(s) and post-biotic blend(s)) is further enhanced by calcium carbonate. For example, the unexpected improvement in the growth of S. epidermidis in conjunction with the reduction in growth of C. striatum is significantly enhanced by the particular combination of certain polysaccharide(s), fatty alcohol(s) and post-biotic blend(s) in particular amounts/ratios in conjunction with calcium carbonate.
The personal care compositions may include calcium carbonate in an amount from about 0.1 to about 15 wt. %, based on the personal care composition. For instance, the amount of calcium carbonate present in the personal care compositions may be from about 0.1 to about 15 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 12 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %; from about 0.4 to about 15 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 12 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 2 wt. %; from about 0.8 to about 15 wt. %, about 0.8 to about 12 wt. %, about 0.8 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.8 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.8 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.8 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.8 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.8 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.8 to about 2 wt. %; from about 1 to about 15 wt. %, about 1 to about 12 wt. %, about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 1 to about 8 wt. %, about 1 to about 6 wt. %, about 1 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 3 wt. %, about 1 to about 2 wt. %; from about 2 to about 15 wt. %, about 2 to about 12 wt. %, about 2 to about 10 wt. %, about 2 to about 8 wt. %, about 2 to about 6 wt. %, about 2 to about 5 wt. %, about 2 to about 4 wt. %; from about 3 to about 15 wt. %, about 3 to about 12 wt. %, about 3 to about 10 wt. %, about 3 to about 8 wt. %, about 3 to about 6 wt. %; from about 4 to about 15 wt. %, about 4 to about 12 wt. %, about 4 to about 10 wt. %, about 4 to about 8 wt. %; from about 5 to about 15 wt. %, about 5 to about 12 wt. %, about 5 to about 10 wt. %, about 5 to about 8 wt. %; from about 7 to about 15 wt. %, about 7 to about 12 wt. %, about 7 to about 10 wt. %; from about 9 to about 15 wt. %, about 9 to about 12 wt. %; from about 11 to about 15 wt. %, about 11 to about 14 wt. %, or any range or subrange thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
The personal care compositions may be formulated to have about 6 wt. % or less of titanium containing materials, such as titanium dioxide, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. In some embodiments, the personal care composition has titanium containing materials in an amount of about 5 wt. % or less, about 4 wt. % or less, about 3 wt. % or less, about 2 wt. % or less, about 1 wt. % or less, about 0.5 wt. % or less, about 0.1 wt. % or less, or about 0.05 wt. % or less, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. The personal care composition may be substantially free of or free of titanium containing materials and/or titanium dioxide.
In some embodiments, the personal care compositions are substantially free of water or are free of malic acid and/or mandelic acid. For instance, the personal care compositions may include about 5 wt. % or less, about 4 wt. % or less, about 3 wt. % or less, about 2 wt. % or less, about 1 wt. % or less, or about 0.5 wt. % or less of malic acid and/or mandelic acid, based on the total weight of the personal care compositions. In one embodiment, the personal care composition has about 0 wt. % of malic acid and/or mandelic acid, based on the total weight of the personal care compositions.
In some embodiments, the personal care compositions are substantially free of water or are free of caffeine. For instance, the personal care compositions may include about 5 wt. % or less, about 4 wt. % or less, about 3 wt. % or less, about 2 wt. % or less, about 1 wt. % or less, or about 0.5 wt. % or less of caffeine, based on the total weight of the personal care compositions. In one embodiment, the personal care composition has about 0 wt. % of caffeine, based on the total weight of the personal care compositions.
The personal care composition may include one or more polyol(s). The polyol(s) may be chosen from glycols or compounds with numerous hydroxyl groups. In some cases, the one or more polyols is/are selected from the group consisting of C2-C32 polyols. The one or more polyols may be liquid at ambient temperature (25° C.). The one or more polyols may have from 2 to 32 carbon atoms, from 3 to 16 carbon atoms, or from 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
Polyols that may be included in the hair care composition, in certain instances, include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, diglycerin, diethylene glycol, and dipropylene glycol, and mixtures thereof. In some cases, the polyol is propylene glycol. In some further cases, the polyol is one or both of propylene glycol and butylene glycol. Additionally, in some cases, the hair care composition comprises at least propylene glycol, and optionally one or more polyols other than propylene glycol.
Non-limiting examples of polyols that may, optionally, be included in the hair care include and/or may be chosen from alkanediols such as glycerin, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, trimethylolpropane, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, pentaethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-butene-1,4-diol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, caprylyl glycol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, and 4-methyl-1,2-pentanediol; glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, 1-methyl-1-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, propylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, sorbitol, sorbitan, triacetin, and a mixture thereof.
The one or more polyols may, optionally, be glycols or glycol ethers such as, e.g., monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or ethers thereof such as, e.g., monomethyl ether of propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, dipropylene glycol as well as alkyl ethers of diethylene glycol, e.g., monoethyl ether or monobutyl ether of diethylene glycol. In some cases, the one or more polyols may include or are chosen from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, pentylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, hexane-1,6-diol, glycerin, diglycerin, caprylyl glycol, and a mixture thereof.
In certain embodiments, the personal care composition may include polyol(s) selected from glycerin (preferably, vegetable refined glycerin), butylene glycol, and 1,3-propanediol, polyglutamic acid, saccharide isomerate, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the polyol is a polyethylene glycol, such as polyethylene glycol 600 (CAS-25322-68-3).
The one or more polyol(s) may be present in the personal care composition in an amount that may vary depending on the form of personal care composition. For example, the personal care composition may have polyol(s) in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 30%, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. For example, the amount of humectant or hygroscopic agent present in the personal care compositions may be from about 1 to about 30 wt. %, about 1 to about 25 wt. %, about 1 to about 22 wt. %, about 1 to about 20 wt. %, about 1 to about 18 wt. %, about 1 to about 16 wt. %, about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 1 to about 7 wt. %, about 1 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 3 wt. %; from about 3 to about 30 wt. %, about 3 to about 25 wt. %, about 3 to about 22 wt. %, about 3 to about 20 wt. %, about 3 to about 18 wt. %, about 3 to about 16 wt. %, about 3 to about 10 wt. %, about 3 to about 7 wt. %, about 3 to about 5 wt. %; from about 5 to about 30 wt. %, about 5 to about 25 wt. %, about 5 to about 22 wt. %, about 5 to about 20 wt. %, about 5 to about 18 wt. %, about 5 to about 16 wt. %; from about 8 to about 30 wt. %, about 8 to about 25 wt. %, about 8 to about 22 wt. %, about 8 to about 20 wt. %, about 8 to about 18 wt. %, about 8 to about 16 wt. %; from about 10 to about 30 wt. %, about 10 to about 25 wt. %, about 10 to about 22 wt. %, about 10 to about 20 wt. %, about 10 to about 18 wt. %, about 10 to about 16 wt. %; from about 12 to about 30 wt. %, about 12 to about 25 wt. %, about 12 to about 22 wt. %, about 12 to about 20 wt. %, about 12 to about 18 wt. %, about 12 to about 16 wt. %; from about 14 to about 30 wt. %, about 14 to about 25 wt. %, about 14 to about 22 wt. %, about 14 to about 20 wt. %, about 14 to about 18 wt. %, about 14 to about 16 wt. %, including ranges and subranges thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. In at least one embodiment, the personal care composition is in the form of a deodorant and/or antiperspirant and has one or more polyol(s) present in an amount from about 5 to about 30% or any of the amounts discussed in this paragraph, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
The personal care compositions may comprise one or more thickeners. The thickeners may be chosen from polysaccharides; carboxylic acid polymers; crosslinked polyacrylate polymers; polyacrylamide polymers; gums, and combinations of two or more thereof. Examples of polysaccharides include cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, cellulose acetate propionate carboxylate, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methyl hydroxyethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium cellulose sulfate, and mixtures thereof.
Non-limiting examples of carboxylic acid polymers include crosslinked carboxylic acid polymers containing one or more monomers derived from acrylic acid, substituted acrylic acids, and salts and esters of these acrylic acids and the substituted acrylic acids, such as carbomers. Non-limiting examples of these gelling agent gums include acacia, agar, algin, alginic acid, ammonium alginate, amylopectin, calcium alginate, calcium carrageenan, carnitine, carrageenan, dextrin, gelatin, gellan gum, guar gum, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hectorite, hyaluronic acid, hydrated silica, hydroxypropyl chitosan, hydroxypropyl guar, karaya gum, kelp, locust bean gum, natto gum, potassium alginate, potassium carrageenan, propylene glycol alginate, sclerotium gum, sodium carboxymethyl dextran, sodium carrageenan, tragacanth gum, xanthan gum, and mixtures thereof.
In certain cases, the personal care composition may be formulated to have thickening polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, sodium polymethacrylate, polyacrylic acid glycerin ester, carboxyvinyl polymer, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl methylether, polyvinyl sulfone, maleic acid copolymer, polyethylene oxide, polydiallyl amine, polyethylene imine, water soluble cellulose derivatives (e.g., carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, methylhydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, cellulose sulfate sodium salt), and/or starch derivatives (e.g., starch oxide, dialdehyde starch, dextrin, British gum, acetyl starch, starch phosphate, carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyethyl starch, hydroxypropyl starch). In some embodiments, the thickeners are selected from among hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyethylene glycols (PEGs), polyacrylic acids, cross-linked homopolymer of acrylic acid, and acrylates of C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer.
The personal care compositions may be in the form of a soap, such as a soap bar and comprise one or more cleansing agents. The terms “cleansing agent” and “cleanser” interchangeably refer to soap and/or surfactant. The terms are used to refer to soap alone, surfactant alone, or a combination of soap and surfactant. The amount of cleansing agent in the cleansing bars of the present disclosure can be from about 10 to about 95 wt. % of the personal care composition, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. For example, the personal care composition may include from about 20, 30, 40, 50 or 60 wt. % of cleansing agents to about 70, 80, 85, 90 or 95 wt. % of cleansing agents, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. In certain embodiments, the amount of cleansing agent in personal care composition, when in the form of a cleansing bar, is from about 50 to about 85 wt. %, from about 55 to about 80 wt. %, or from about 60 to about 75 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
The term “soap” refers to the salts of fatty acids that are typically used to make soap bars. Exemplary soaps can include blends of C16-C18 and C12-C14 fatty acids; for example, about 65 to about 85 wt. % of C16-C18 fatty acid(s) and about 15 to about 35 wt. % of C12-C14 fatty acid(s), based on the total weight of the personal care. The C16-C18 fatty acid(s) can be obtained from tallow, and the C12-C14 fatty acid(s) can be obtained from lauric, palm kernel, or coconut oils. The cleanser agent may be or include a hydrophilic soap chip. Soap chips can include but are not limited to the alkali metal salts of aliphatic (alkanoic or alkenoic) acids having about as 8 to 22 carbon atoms alkyl, preferably 10 to 20 carbon atoms alkyl chain.
The fatty acids of the soap may be chosen from, or exclude, butyric, caproic, caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, myristelaidic, pentadecanoic, palmitic, palmitoleic, margaric, heptadecenoic, stearic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidic, gadoleic, behenic, lignoceric acids, isomers thereof, or a combination thereof. The fatty acids may be in the form of a salt comprising an alkali metal or alkanol ammonium component. The alkali metal of the fatty acid salt may be selected from sodium, potassium, or magnesium. In some embodiments, sodium soaps are used in the compositions of this invention, but up to about 15% of the soap may be potassium, magnesium or triethanolamine soaps.
The total amount of soap in the personal care composition may be from about 20 to about 95 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. For instance, the soap (e.g., the fatty acid and/or salt thereof comprising the soap) may be present in the personal care composition in an amount from about 35 to about 95 wt. %, about 50 to about 95 wt. %, about 65 to about 95 wt. %, about 75 to about 95 wt. %, about 80 to about 95 wt. %, about 85 to about 95 wt. %; from about 20 to about 90 wt. %, about 35 to about 90 wt. %, about 50 to about 90 wt. %, about 65 to about 90 wt. %, about 75 to about 90 wt. %, about 80 to about 90 wt. %; from about 20 to about 85 wt. %, about 35 to about 85 wt. %, about 50 to about 85 wt. %, about 65 to about 85 wt. %, about 75 to about 85 wt. %; from about 20 to about 80 wt. %, about 35 to about 80 wt. %, about 50 to about 80 wt. %, about 65 to about 80 wt. %, about 70 to about 80 wt. %, or any range or subrange thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
The surfactants of the personal care composition, if present, may be any anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, or zwitterionic surfactant, or combinations thereof. The amount of surfactant(s) in the composition may be about 1 to about 25 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. In some instances, the amount of surfactant(s) present in the personal care composition is about 1 to about 25 wt. %, about 2 to about 25 wt. %, about 3 to about 25 wt. %, about 4 to about 25 wt. %, about 5 to about 25 wt. %, about 7.5 to about 25 wt. %, about 10 to about 25 wt. %, about 15 to about 25 wt. %, about 20 to about 25 wt. %; about 1 to about 20 wt. %, about 2 to about 20 wt. %, about 3 to about 20 wt. %, about 4 to about 20 wt. %, about 5 to about 20 wt. %, about 7.5 to about 20 wt. %, about 10 to about 20 wt. %, about 15 to about 20 wt. %; about 1 to about 15 wt. %, about 2 to about 15 wt. %, about 3 to about 15 wt. %, about 4 to about 15 wt. %, about 5 to about 15 wt. %, about 7.5 to about 15 wt. %, about 10 to about 15 wt. %; about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 2 to about 10 wt. %, about 3 to about 10 wt. %, about 4 to about 10 wt. %, about 5 to about 10 wt. %, about 7.5 to about 10 wt. %; about 1 to about 7.5 wt. %, about 2 to about 7.5 wt. %, about 3 to about 7.5 wt. %, about 4 to about 7.5 wt. %, about 5 to about 7.5 wt. %; about 1 to about 5 wt. %, about 2 to about 5 wt. %, about 3 to about 5 wt. %, about 4 to about 5 wt. %; about 1 to about 4 wt. %, about 2 to about 4 wt. %, about 3 to about 4 wt. %, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Under an embodiment, multiple surfactants are used to achieve desired product qualities. A primary surfactant provides good foaming ability and cleaning effectiveness, while a secondary surfactant adds qualities of mildness to prevent irritation or over-drying of the skin. To prevent ingredients from separating, emulsifiers such as diethanolamine may be added. Additional ingredients include conditioning agents that moisturize the skin during and after product use. Ingredients, like scent in the form of essential oils or fragrance oils, and colorant in the form of water soluble dyes may also be used.
A variety of anionic surfactants can be utilized in the personal care composition including, for example, long chain alkyl (C6-C22) materials such as long chain alkyl sulfates, long chain alkyl sulfonates, long chain alkyl phosphates, long chain alkyl ether sulfates, long chain alkyl alpha olefin sulfonates, long chain alkyl taurates, long chain alkyl isethionates (SCI), long chain alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates (AGES), sulfosuccinates and the like. These anionic surfactants can be alkoxylated, for example, ethoxylated, although alkoxylation is not required. These surfactants are typically highly water soluble as their sodium, potassium, alkyl and ammonium or alkanol ammonium containing salt form and can provide high foaming cleansing power. Other equivalent anionic surfactants may be used. In one embodiment, the anionic surfactant comprises sodium laureth sulfate, sodium pareth sulfate, and combinations thereof. Anionic surfactants can be included in any desired amount.
The personal care composition may include non-sulfate anionic surfactants in some embodiments. Non-limiting examples of non-sulfate anionic surfactants include acyl isethionates, acyl amino acids (such as acyl taurates, acyl glycinates, acyl glutamates, and acyl sarcosinates), alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfoacetates, alkoxylated monoacids, salts thereof, and a mixture thereof. In some instances, a plurality of (two or more, or three or more) non-sulfate anionic surfactants are preferred, for example, a plurality of non-sulfate anionic surfactants comprising at least: (i) one or more acyl isethionates, salts thereof, or a mixture thereof; and (ii) one or more acyl amino acid surfactants, salts thereof, or a mixture thereof. Non-limiting examples of acyl amino acid surfactants include acyl taurates, acyl sarcosinates, acyl glycinates, acyl glutamates, salts thereof, and a mixture thereof. A particularly useful plurality of non-sulfate anionic surfactants comprises at least: (i) one or more acyl isethionates, salts thereof, or a mixture thereof; and (ii) one or more acyl sarcosinates, salts thereof, or a mixture thereof. In some embodiments, the personal care composition comprises disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, or a combination thereof.
In one embodiment, anionic surfactants are present in the composition in an amount of 0 to about 15% by weight. For example, the anionic surfactants may be present in the personal care composition in an amount from about 0.5 to about 15 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 12 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1 wt. %; from about 1 to about 15 wt. %, about 1 to about 12 wt. %, about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 1 to about 8 wt. %, about 1 to about 6 wt. %, about to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 2 wt. %; from about 2 to about 15 wt. %, about 2 to about 12 wt. %, about 2 to about 10 wt. %, about 2 to about 8 wt. %, about 2 to about 6 wt. %, about 2 to about 4 wt. %; from about 4 to about 15 wt. %, about 4 to about 12 wt. %, about 4 to about 10 wt. %, about 4 to about 8 wt. %, about 4 to about 6 wt. %; from about 6 to about 15 wt. %, about 6 to about 12 wt. %, about 6 to about 10 wt. %, about 6 to about 8 wt. %; from about 8 to about 15 wt. %, about 8 to about 12 wt. %, about 8 to 10 wt. %, or any range or subrange thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. In one embodiment, anionic surfactants are present in an amount of about 6 to about 8% by weight.
Amphoteric surfactants may also be included in the personal care composition. These surfactants are typically characterized by a combination of high surfactant activity, lather forming and mildness. Amphoteric surfactants include, but are not limited to derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical can be straight chain or branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples of such compounds include sodium 3-dodecyaminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate, N-alkyl taurines and N-higher alkyl aspartic acids. Other equivalent amphoteric surfactants may be used. Examples of amphoteric surfactants include, but are not limited to, a range of betaines including, for example, high alkyl betaines, such as coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl carboxy-methyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxy methyl betaine, stearyl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)carboxymethyl betaine, oleyl dimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, and lauryl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, sulfobetaines such as coco dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, stearyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, amido betaines, amidosulfobetaines and the like. Betaines having a long chain alkyl group, particularly coco, may be particularly useful as are those that include an amido groups such as the cocamidopropyl and cocoamidoethyl betaines.
Amphoteric surfactants can be included in any desired amount. In one embodiment, amphoteric surfactants are present in the composition in an amount of 0 to about 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. For example, the amphoteric surfactants may be present in the personal care composition in an amount from about 0.5 to about 15 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 12 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1 wt. %; from about 1 to about 15 wt. %, about 1 to about 12 wt. %, about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 1 to about 8 wt. %, about 1 to about 6 wt. %, about to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 2 wt. %; from about 2 to about 15 wt. %, about 2 to about 12 wt. %, about 2 to about 10 wt. %, about 2 to about 8 wt. %, about 2 to about 6 wt. %, about 2 to about 4 wt. %; from about 4 to about 15 wt. %, about 4 to about 12 wt. %, about 4 to about 10 wt. %, about 4 to about 8 wt. %, about 4 to about 6 wt. %; from about 6 to about 15 wt. %, about 6 to about 12 wt. %, about 6 to about 10 wt. %, about 6 to about 8 wt. %; from about 8 to about 15 wt. %, about 8 to about 12 wt. %, about 8 to 10 wt. %, or any range or subrange thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. In one embodiment, the amphoteric surfactants are present in the composition in an amount of about 4 to about 6 wt. %, based on the personal care composition.
The personal care composition may include one or more nonionic surfactant(s), Examples of nonionic surfactants include polysorbate 20, long chain alkyl glucosides having C8-C22 alkyl groups; coconut fatty acid monoethanolamides such as cocamide MEA; coconut fatty acid diethanolamides, fatty alcohol ethoxylates (alkylpolyethylene glycols); alkylphenol polyethylene glycols; alkyl mercaptan polyethylene glycols; fatty amine ethoxylates (alkylaminopolyethylene glycols); fatty acid ethoxylates (acylpolyethylene glycols); polypropylene glycol ethoxylates (for example the PLURONIC™ block copolymers commercially available from BASF); fatty acid alkylolamides, (fatty acid amide polyethylene glycols); N-alkyl-, N-alkoxypolyhydroxy fatty acid amides; sucrose esters; sorbitol esters; polyglycol ethers; and combinations thereof.
The nonionic surfactant(s) may be selected from secondary alcohol ethoxylates, polyoxyethylene stearyl ethers, polyoxyethylene ethers, and mixtures of two or more thereof. The personal care compositions may include a nonionic surfactant blend including two or more fatty alcohol ethoxylates, each having a polyethylene oxide chain length of at least 2. Preferred fatty alcohol ethoxylates generally have a fatty alcohol chain length of C12 to C24, a degree of unsaturation of 0-2, and a polyethylene oxide chain length of 2 to 150 ethylene oxide units. For example, the fatty alcohol ethoxylates may have the general formula: CH3—(CH2)x—CH2—O—(CH2—CH2—O—)yH—, where X=10-20, Y=2-100. In some cases, the blend of fatty alcohol ethoxylates include at least one fatty alcohol ethoxylate having a long polyethylene oxide chain length and at least one fatty alcohol ethoxylate having a short polyethylene oxide chain length. Suitable long chain length fatty alcohol ethoxylates have a polyethylene oxide chain length greater than 20, preferably 21 to 150, more preferably 21 to 100.
Examples of long chain fatty alcohol ethoxylates include Steareth-100 (100 indicates the polyethylene oxide chain length) and Steareth 21. Other long chain fatty alcohol ethoxylates may be used, e.g., Ceteth-100, Oleth-100 Myreth-100, and Beheneth-100. Examples of short chain length fatty alcohol ethoxylates include those having a polyethylene oxide chain length of less than or equal to 20, preferably 2 to 20. For example, the short chain length fatty alcohol ethoxylates may be selected from Steareth-2, Steareth-10, Ceteth-20, Steareth-20, Myreth-20, Oleth-20 and Beheneth-20.
The non-ionic surfactants may be selected from polyoxyethylene ethers, such as polyoxyethylene stearyl ethers compounds. The polyoxyethylene ethers may comprise a mixture of high molecular mass saturated fatty alcohols, such as cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol, and ethylene oxide. The polyoxyethylene ethers may be selected from Ceteareth-2, Ceteareth-3, Ceteareth-4, Ceteareth-5, Ceteareth-6, Ceteareth-7, Ceteareth-8, Ceteareth-9, Ceteareth-10, Ceteareth-11, Ceteareth-12, and a combination of two or more thereof. Examples of polyoxyethylene stearyl ethers compounds include Steareth-2, Steareth-4, Steareth-6, Steareth-7, Steareth-21, Steareth-10, Steareth-11, Steareth-13, Steareth-15, Steareth-20, or combinations of two or more thereof.
Nonionic surfactants can be included in any desired amount. In one embodiment, nonionic surfactants are present in the composition in an amount of 0 to about 3% by weight. In one embodiment, nonionic surfactants are present in the composition in an amount from about 0.5 to about 15 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 12 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1 wt. %; from about 1 to about 15 wt. %, about 1 to about 12 wt. %, about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 1 to about 8 wt. %, about 1 to about 6 wt. %, about to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 2 wt. %; from about 2 to about 15 wt. %, about 2 to about 12 wt. %, about 2 to about 10 wt. %, about 2 to about 8 wt. %, about 2 to about 6 wt. %, about 2 to about 4 wt. %; from about 4 to about 15 wt. %, about 4 to about 12 wt. %, about 4 to about 10 wt. %, about 4 to about 8 wt. %, about 4 to about 6 wt. %; from about 6 to about 15 wt. %, about 6 to about 12 wt. %, about 6 to about 10 wt. %, about 6 to about 8 wt. %; from about 8 to about 15 wt. %, about 8 to about 12 wt. %, about 8 to 10 wt. %, or any range or subrange thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Cationic surfactants can also be included in the composition. Examples of cationic surfactants include any quaternium or polyquaternium compound. Cationic surfactants can be included at any desired level. In one embodiment, cationic surfactants are present in the composition in an amount of 0 to about 2% by weight. For example, the amount of cationic surfactants in the personal care composition may be from about 0.05 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 0.8 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 0.6 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 0.4 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 0.2 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 0.1 wt. %; from about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.6 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.4 wt. %; from about 0.3 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 0.8 wt. %; from about 0.6 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.6 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.6 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.6 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.6 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.6 to about 1 wt. %; from about 0.9 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.9 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.9 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.9 to about 1.4 wt. %; from about 1.2 to about 2 wt. %, about 1.2 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 1.2 to about 1.6 wt. %; from about 1.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 1.8 wt. %, or any range or subrange thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. In one embodiment, cationic surfactants are present in the composition in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.3% by weight.
The personal care compositions, in certain embodiments, may further comprise a cationic polymer. The cationic polymers can comprise mixtures of monomer units derived from amine- and/or quaternary ammonium-substituted monomer and/or compatible spacer monomers. Suitable cationic polymers include, for example: copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidine and 1-vinyl-3-methyl-imidazolium salt (e.g., chloride salt) (referred to as Polyquaternium-16) such as those commercially available from BASF under the LUVIQUAT tradename (e.g., LUVIQUAT FC 370); copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidine and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (referred to as Polyquaternium-11) such as those commercially from Gar Corporation (Wayne, N.J., USA) under the GAFQUAT tradename (e.g., GAFQUAT 755N); and cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymer including, for example, dimethyldiallyammonium chloride homopolymer and copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallyammonium chloride (referred to as Polyquaternium-6 and Polyquaternium-7).
Other cationic polymers that may be used include polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives. Cationic cellulose is available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA) in their Polymer JR (trade mark) and LR (trade mark) series of polymers, as salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide (referred to as Polyquaternium-10). Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide (referred to as Polyquaternium-24). These materials are available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA) under the tradename Polymer LM-200. Additionally or alternatively, the cationic conditioning polymers may include or be chosen from cationic guar gum derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.
The personal care composition may include or be selected from polyquaterniums. In one instance, the one or more cationic polymers is selected from polyquaternium 4, polyquaternium 6, polyquaternium 7, polyquaternium 10, polyquaternium 11, polyquaternium 16, polyquaternium 22, polyquaternium 28, polyquaternium 32, polyquaternium-46, polyquaternium-51, polyquaternium-52, polyquaternium-53, polyquaternium-54, polyquaternium-55, polyquaternium-56, polyquaternium-57, polyquaternium-58, polyquaternium-59, polyquaternium-60, polyquaternium-63, polyquaternium-64, polyquaternium-65, polyquaternium-66, polyquaternium-67, polyquaternium-70, polyquaternium-73, polyquaternium-74, polyquaternium-75, polyquaternium-76, polyquaternium-77, polyquaternium-78, polyquaternium-79, polyquaternium-80, polyquaternium-81, polyquaternium-82, polyquaternium-84, polyquaternium-85, polyquaternium-86, polyquaternium-87, polyquaternium-90, polyquaternium-91, polyquaternium-92, polyquaternium-94, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, and a combination of two or more thereof. In at least one embodiment, the cationic polymer comprises a copolymer of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride.
Skin and/or hair compatible oils can be included in the composition. Skin and/or hair compatible oils include a range of liquid hydrocarbons, for example, linear and branched oils such as liquid paraffin, squalene, squalane, mineral oil, low viscosity synthetic hydrocarbons such as polyalphaolefins, commercially available from ExxonMobil under the trade name PURESYN PAO and polybutene under the trade name PANALANE™ or INDOPOL™. Light (low viscosity) highly branched hydrocarbon oils may also be suitable in some instances. Other useful skin and/or compatible oils may be silicone based, for example, linear and cyclic polydimethyl siloxane, organo functional silicones (alkyl and alkyl aryl), and amino silicones. In at least one embodiment, the personal care composition includes isododecane.
The personal care composition may include alpha hydroxy acids, beta hydroxy acids, polyhydroxy acids or combinations thereof. For instance, the personal care composition may include one or more one or more alpha hydroxy acid(s), such as those selected from C3 to C7 alpha-hydroxy acid or C4 to C6 alpha-hydroxy acid. The alpha hydroxyl acid may be in the form of a salt, such as a sodium salt or a potassium salt. In at least one embodiment, the salt is a sodium salt (i.e., the cation associated with the salt is a sodium). Non-limiting examples of alpha hydroxy acids include, but are not limited to, mandelic acid, glycolic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, phytic acid, hydroxycaprylic acid, hydroxycapric acid, glutaric acid, gluconic acid, or a combination of two or more thereof. In some embodiments, the alpha hydroxy acid(s) is selected from among mandelic acid, glycolic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, phytic acid, hydroxycaprylic acid, hydroxycapric acid and combinations thereof. In further embodiments, the alpha hydroxy acids are citric acid, mandelic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid or a combination of two or more thereof. In at least one embodiment, the alpha hydroxy acid is lactic acid.
The amount of alpha hydroxyl acid(s) and/or a salt(s) thereof present in the personal care composition may range from about 0.1 to about 6 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. For instance, the personal care compositions may include one or more alpha hydroxyl acid(s) and/or a salt(s) thereof in an amount from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %; from about 0.5 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2 wt. %; from about 1 to about 6 wt. %, about 1 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 3 wt. %, about 1 to about 2 wt. %; from about 2 to about 6 wt. %, about 2 to about 5 wt. %, about 2 to about 4 wt. %, about 2 to about 3 wt. %; from about 3 to about 6 wt. %, about 3 to about 5 wt. %, about 3 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3 wt. %; from about 4 to about 6 wt. %, about 4 to about 5 wt. %, or any range or subrange thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
The personal care compositions can comprise one or more beta hydroxy acid(s) or a salt thereof. Non-limiting examples of beta hydroxy acids include salicylic acid, propionic acid, beta-hydroybutyric acid, beta-hydroxy beata-methylbutyric acid, carnitine, and combinations of two or more thereof. The beta hydroxy acids may in some cases be selected from salicylic acid, esters of salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, beta hydroxybutanoic acid, tropic acid, trethocanic acid, beta hydroxyl acids obtained from white willow bark extract and/or wintergreen leaves, and combinations of two or more thereof.
The amount of beta hydroxy acid(s) or salt(s) thereof in the personal care composition may be from about 0.05 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 0.8 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 0.6 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 0.4 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 0.2 wt. %, about 0.05 to about 0.1 wt. %; from about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.6 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.4 wt. %; from about 0.3 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 0.8 wt. %; from about 0.6 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.6 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.6 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.6 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.6 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.6 to about 1 wt. %; from about 0.9 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.9 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.9 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.9 to about 1.4 wt. %; from about 1.2 to about 2 wt. %, about 1.2 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 1.2 to about 1.6 wt. %; from about 1.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 1.8 wt. %, or any range or subrange thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
The personal care composition can comprise one or more polyhydroxy acid(s) or a salt thereof. The polyhydroxy acids may include, but are not limited to, gluconolactone, gluconic acid, galactose, lactobionic acid, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the polyhydroxy acids are gluconolactone, lactobionic acid or combinations thereof. For instance, the polyhydroxy acid may be glucanodeltalactone. The amount of polyhydroxy acid(s) and/or a salt(s) thereof present in the personal care composition may range from about 0.1 to about 6 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. For instance, the personal care compositions may include one or more polyhydroxy acid(s) and/or a salt(s) thereof in an amount from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %; from about 0.5 to about 6 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2 wt. %; from about 1 to about 6 wt. %, about 1 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 3 wt. %, about 1 to about 2 wt. %; from about 2 to about 6 wt. %, about 2 to about 5 wt. %, about 2 to about 4 wt. %, about 2 to about 3 wt. %; from about 3 to about 6 wt. %, about 3 to about 5 wt. %, about 3 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3 wt. %; from about 4 to about 6 wt. %, about 4 to about 5 wt. %, or any range or subrange thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
The personal care composition may include one or more pH adjusters to increase or decrease the overall pH of the personal care composition. For example, one or more acids may be included to decrease the pH of the personal care composition. Examples of suitable acids for decreasing the pH of the personal care composition include, but are not limited to, citric acid, acetic acid, and the like. The personal care composition may include one or more bases, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the like, to increase the pH of the personal care composition. Additional or alternative acids and bases that are suitable for adjusting the pH of the personal care composition are readily known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
The amount of the pH adjuster in the personal care composition may be based on the desired pH of the final personal care composition and/or product. For example, the total amount of the pH adjuster may range from about 0.05 to about 20 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. In some instances, the total amount of pH adjuster is from about 0.05 to about 15 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, or about 0.12 to about 5 wt. %, including ranges and sub-ranges therebetween, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
In certain embodiments, the personal care composition has a pH of from about 3.5 to about 10.0. In other embodiments, the personal care composition has a pH of from about 3.5 to about 8.0. In some embodiments, the personal care composition has a pH of from about 3.5 to about 7.5. In other embodiments, the personal care composition has a pH of from about 3.5 to about 7.0. In further embodiments, the personal care composition has a pH of from about 3.5 to about 6.5. Still other embodiments provide personal care compositions having a pH of from about 3.5 to about 6.0. While other embodiments provide personal care compositions having a pH of from about 3.5 to about 5.5. Yet other embodiments provide personal care compositions having a pH of from about 3.5 to about 5.0. In certain embodiments, the personal care composition has a pH of from about 3.75 to about 4.5. In certain embodiments, the personal care composition is a body wash, having a pH of from about 4.0 to about 6.0. In other embodiments, the personal care composition is a body lotion, having a pH of from about 4.0 to about 5.0.
The personal care compositions may include ethylhexylglycerin in an amount that may vary, but typically ranges from about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. For example, the amount of ethylhexylglycerin in the personal care composition may be from about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.7 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.6 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.3 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.2 wt. %; from about 0.2 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 0.8 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 0.7 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 0.6 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 0.5 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 0.4 wt. %, about 0.2 to about 0.3 wt. %; from about 0.3 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 0.8 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 0.7 wt. %, about 0.3 to about 0.6 wt. %; from about 0.4 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 0.8 wt. %, about 0.4 to about 0.7 wt. %; from about 0.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 0.8 wt. %; from about 0.7 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.7 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.7 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.7 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.7 to about 1.2 wt. %, about 0.7 to about 1 wt. %; about 0.9 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.9 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 0.9 to about 1.6 wt. %, about 0.9 to about 1.4 wt. %, about 0.9 to about 1.2 wt. %; about 1.2 to about 2 wt. %, about 1.2 to about 1.8 wt. %, about 1.2 to about 1.6 wt. %; from about 1.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 1.8 wt. %; from about 1.7 to about 2, or any range or subrange thereof, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
Additional ingredients may be present in the personal care composition. These include water and ingredients to thicken, preserve, emulsify, add fragrance, adjust the pH, and color. The personal care compositions may include any of the following additional ingredients in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 5 wt. %. In some instances, the amount of additional ingredients present in the personal care composition is from about 0.01 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 0.5 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 0.1 wt. %; about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.1 wt. %; about 0.5 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 1 wt. %; about 0.75 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 4 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 2 wt. %, about 0.75 to about 1 wt. %; about 1 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 3 wt. %, about 1 to about 2 wt. %; about 2 to about 5 wt. %, about 2 to about 4 wt. %, about 2 to about 3 wt. %; about 3 to about 5 wt. %, about 3 to about 4 wt. %, including any range or subrange therebetween, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
The personal care composition can comprise additional ingredients, such as proteins (e.g., hydrolyzed vegetable protein, hydrolyzed wheat protein, hydrolyzed milk protein, hydrolyzed silk and hydrolyzed collagen), vitamins (e.g., panthenol, biotin, vitamin E acetate, vitamin A and D palmitate), moisturizers/humectants (e.g., glycerin, propylene glycol, sodium pyroglutamic acid (also known as PCA), amino acid-based surfactants, and HLA), emollients (e.g., esters, isopropyl myristate, decyl oleate, C12-15 alkyl benzoate), botanicals (e.g., chamomile, aloe, rosemary), as well as preservatives, dyes, pH adjusters and chelating agents. Additional examples of vitamins that may be included in some personal care compositions include tocopherol, retinol, and ascorbic acid. Vitamin derivatives, such as ascorbyl monopalmitate, tocopheryl acetate, and Vitamin E palmitate, may also be included in certain embodiments of the invention.
Non-limiting examples of fragrances and perfumes include odor compounds selected from: 7-acetyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,1,6,7-tetramethylnaphthalene, α-ionone, β-ionone, γ-ionone α-isomethylionone, methylcedrylone, methyl dihydrojasmonate, methyl 1,6,10-trimethyl-2,5,9-cyclododecatrien-1-yl ketone, 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetralin, 4-acetyl-6-tert-butyl-1,1-dimethylindane, hydroxyphenylbutanone, benzophenone, methyl 0-naphthyl ketone, 6-acetyl-1,1,2,3,3,5-hexamethylindane, 5-acetyl-3-isopropyl-1,1,2,6-tetramethylindane, 1-dodecanal, 4-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanal, 10-undecen-1-al, isohexenylcyclohexylcarboxaldehyde, formyltricyclodecane, condensation products of hydroxycitronellal and methyl anthranilate, condensation products of hydroxycitronellal and indole, condensation products of phenylacetaldehyde and indole, 2-methyl-3-(para-tert-butylphenyl)propionaldehyde, ethylvanillin, heliotropin, hexylcinnamaldehyde, amylcinnamaldehyde, 2-methyl-2-(isopropylphenyl)propionaldehyde, coumarin, γ-decalactone, cyclopentadecanolide, 16-hydroxy-9-hexadecenoic acid lactone, 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-γ-2-benzopyran, 0-naphthol methyl ether, ambroxane, dodecahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylnaphtho[2,1b]furan, cedrol, 5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-enyl)-3-methylpentan-2-ol, 2-ethyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-buten-1-ol, caryophyllene alcohol, tricyclodecenyl propionate, tricyclodecenyl acetate, benzyl salicylate, cedryl acetate, and tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate.
Other fragrances may include odor compounds selected from essential oils, resinoids and resins from a large number of sources, such as, for example, Peru balsam, olibanum resinoid, styrax, labdanum resin, nutmeg, cassia oil, benzoin resin, coriander, and lavandin.
Further suitable fragrances include odor compounds selected from phenylethyl alcohol, terpineol, linalool, linalyl acetate, geraniol, nerol, 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)cyclo-hexanol acetate, benzyl acetate, and eugenol. The fragrances or perfumes can be used as single substances or in a mixture with one another.
The personal care composition may further comprise one or more colorants. The colorants may be a pigment, a dye, or mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of pigments include titanium dioxide, Zinc Oxide, Kaolin, Mica etc. Non-limiting examples of dyes include food dyes suitable for food, drug and cosmetic applications, and mixtures thereof. Some color agents (colorants) are known as FD&C dyes.
The colorants may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.0001% wt. % to about 0.4% wt. %, including all percentages and subranges therebetween, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. In some embodiments, the colorants may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.0001% wt. % to about 4% wt. %, including all percentages and subranges therebetween, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
In certain embodiments, in order to prevent ingredients from separating, emulsifiers may be added. In certain embodiments, additional ingredients may include conditioning agents that moisturize the skin during and after use of the personal care composition.
In other embodiments, the composition may include any of following materials in any desired amount to achieve a desired effect in the composition (amounts that can be used in some embodiments are provided): one or more alkaline salts, for example, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and/or their equivalents (0 to 5% by weight); sequestrants, for example, tetrasodium EDTA, and/or their equivalents (0 to 2% by weight); biocides, for example, Triclosan (2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxydiphenyl ether), DMDM hydantoin, formaldehyde and/or imidazolidinyl urea, and/or their equivalents (0 to 2% by weight); organic acids, for example, citric acid and/or formic acid and/or their equivalents (0 to 2% by weight); viscosity modifiers (0 to 2% by weight); fragrances and/or perfumes (0 to 5% by weight); preservatives, for example, phenoxyethanol, formaldehyde solution, parabens, pentanediol or sorbic acid (0 to 2% by weight); pearlizing agents, for example, glycol distearic esters, such as ethylene glycol distearate, but also fatty acid monoglycol esters (0 to 3% by weight); stabilizers, for example, metal salts of fatty acids, such as e.g. magnesium stearate, aluminum stearate and/or zinc stearate (0 to 2% by a weight); and dyes and pigments that are approved and suitable for cosmetic purposes. In at least one embodiment, the personal care composition includes glyceryl stearate.
The personal care compositions may be aqueous and, e.g., include water in an amount from about 1 to about 95 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. For example, the water may be present in the personal care composition in an amount from about 5 to about 95 wt. %, about 10 to about 95 wt. %, about 15 to about 95 wt. %, about 20 to about 95 wt. %, about 30 to about 95 wt. %, about 40 to about 95 wt. %, about 50 to about 95 wt. %, about 60 to about 95 wt. %, about 70 to about 95 wt. %, about 80 to about 95 wt. %, about 90 to about 95 wt. %; about 5 to about 90 wt. %, about 10 to about 90 wt. %, about 15 to about 90 wt. %, about 20 to about 90 wt. %, about 30 to about 90 wt. %, about 40 to about 90 wt. %, about 50 to about 90 wt. %, about 60 to about 90 wt. %, about 70 to about 90 wt. %, about 80 to about 90 wt. %; about 5 to about 80 wt. %, about 10 to about 80 wt. %, about 15 to about 80 wt. %, about 20 to about 80 wt. %, about 30 to about 80 wt. %, about 40 to about 80 wt. %, about 50 to about 80 wt. %, about 60 to about 80 wt. %, about 70 to about 80 wt. %; about 5 to about 70 wt. %, about 10 to about 70 wt. %, about 15 to about 70 wt. %, about 20 to about 70 wt. %, about 30 to about 70 wt. %, about 40 to about 70 wt. %, about 50 to about 70 wt. %, about 60 to about 70 wt. %; about 5 to about 60 wt. %, about 10 to about 60 wt. %, about 15 to about 60 wt. %, about 20 to about 60 wt. %, about 30 to about 60 wt. %, about 40 to about 60 wt. %, about 50 to about 60 wt. %; about 5 to about 50 wt. %, about 10 to about 50 wt. %, about 15 to about 50 wt. %, about 20 to about 50 wt. %, about 30 to about 50 wt. %, about 40 to about 50 wt. %, including any ranges and subranges therebetween, based on the total weight of the personal care composition.
In some embodiments, the personal care compositions are substantially free of water or are free of water. For instance, the personal care compositions may include about 5 wt. % or less, about 4 wt. % or less, about 3 wt. % or less, about 2 wt. % or less, about 1 wt. % or less, or about 0.5 wt. % or less of water, based on the total weight of the personal care compositions. In one embodiment, the personal care composition has about 0 wt. % of water, based on the total weight of the personal care compositions.
Aspects of the invention are directed to methods for improving skin by applying one or more personal care compositions. In some embodiments, the methods include applying one or more (e.g., two, three, four, five, six, or seven personal care compositions). The methods may employ the personal care compositions disclosed herein.
The methods and personal care compositions disclosed herein may be used to alleviate, mitigate, and/or treat skin suffering from dryness, hypersensitivity, atopic dermatitis, acne, psoriasis, and the like.
According to one embodiment, provided is a method for improving skin that includes:
The methods typically include applying an effective amount of the cleaning composition to a section of skin. The amount of the cleaning composition applied to the skin may be about 0.1 to about 5 grams/inch2 of skin. In some cases, the amount of cleaning composition applied to the skin is about 0.1 to about 3 grams/inch2, about 0.1 to about 2 grams/inch2, about 0.1 to about 1 grams/inch2; about 0.5 to about 3 grams/inch2, about 0.5 to about 2 grams/inch2, about 0.5 to about 1 grams/inch2; about 1 to about 3 grams/inch2, about 1 to about 2 grams/inch2; about 1.5 to about 3 grams/inch2, about 1.5 to about 2 grams/inch2, including any ranges or subranges therebetween. The composition is spread on the skin neat, or it may be mixed with water. The spreading of the cleaning composition may be done by hand, or it may be done by an instrument such as a glove or a piece of cloth.
Usually, the cleaning composition is allowed to remain on the skin for a period of time sufficient to clean the section of skin—for example, for about 1 second to about 1 minute, about 1 to about 45 seconds, about 1 to about 30 seconds, or about 1 to about 15 seconds. As is common, the skin may be wetted or rinsed with water prior to the application of the cleaning composition. Having the skin wetted before applying the cleaning composition may be beneficial for enhancing the effects of certain cleaning compositions according to aspects of the invention.
The method may, in some cases, include a step of drying the section of skin before applying the lotion composition to the section of skin. The skin may be dried by towel, hair drier, or other means, e.g., depending on the desired degree of dryness before the application of the lotion composition.
The methods typically include applying an effective amount of the lotion composition to a section of skin. The amount of the lotion composition applied to the skin may be about 0.1 to about 5 grams/inch2 of skin. In some cases, the amount of lotion composition applied to the skin is about 0.1 to about 3 grams/inch2, about 0.1 to about 2 grams/inch2, about 0.1 to about 1 grams/inch2; about 0.5 to about 3 grams/inch2, about 0.5 to about 2 grams/inch2, about 0.5 to about 1 grams/inch2; about 1 to about 3 grams/inch2, about 1 to about 2 grams/inch2; about 1.5 to about 3 grams/inch2, about 1.5 to about 2 grams/inch2, including any ranges or subranges therebetween. As mentioned above with regarding to the cleaning composition, the lotion composition may be spread by hand, or it may be done by an instrument, such as a glove or a piece of cloth.
Two exemplary, non-limiting, personal care compositions of the present invention (Ex. A and Ex. B) are prepared in accordance with the formulations shown in Table 1 & 2 (below). The compositions are in the form a lotion or a body wash, both comprising an of an oil in water emulsion.
0-0.1
0-0.1
In vitro experimentation was performed to assess the effect of Ex. A on bacteria residing on the skin in comparison to two comparative compositions (Comp. Ex. 1 and Comp. Ex. 3). Comp. Ex. 1 is a benchmark composition having a similar formula to Ex. A, except that Comp. Ex. 1 does not include the inventive combination of: a polysaccharide, a fatty alcohol, and a post-biotic blend, of Ex. A. Comp. Ex. 3 is a commercially available lotion. The list of ingredients for Comp. Ex. 3 is shown above in Table 3.
Specifically, human skin samples having about 8×3 mm (0×thickness) were used for the in vitro experimentation. 6 skin samples were used to assess skin penetration and 6 skin samples were used to evaluate skin biomarkers. The skin was obtained during abdominal plastic surgery from informed volunteers. The skin samples were cultured up to the planned endpoints.
A 4 μl sample of Ex. A, Comp. Ex. 1 or Comp. Ex. 3 was applied to respective skin samples once a day for 6 days. The samples of Ex. A were spread to cover the skin samples with a 6 ϕ mm delivery membrane. Before each application of a sample, the skin samples were gently cleaned with a cogon pad.
To evaluate skin penetration, the 6 skin samples were stained with Rhodamine B, cryo-fixed and cut at the cryostat for consequent image acquisition and analysis. The analysis of Rhodamine B fluorescence was performed within the epidermis area. Fluorescent images were acquired and analyzed for two sections of each skin sample (6 skin samples×2 sections=12 sampling points/data for the tested condition). For each fluorescent image, the epidermis was analyzed by evaluating the fluorescence through Image-J application (NIH, USA). The obtained value was then normalized upon the dimension of the selected area.
To evaluate skin barrier biomarkers, the skin samples were immunostained with the selected antibody (SantaCruz cat #sc-66192) for Filaggrin, Involucrin, Desmocollin 1 and Claudin 1. The amount of the antigen present was evaluated at two sections for each skin sample (6 skin samples×2 sections=12 sampling points/data for the tested condition) by estimating the intensity and the distribution of the pink/red within the epidermis using Image J (NIH-USA). The obtained data was normalized upon the dimension of the analyzed surface expressed in pixels.
All quantitative data were summarized in terms of the mean score for each treatment. The measures of variation, as standard deviation, were applied to the original scores. Differences between groups are evaluated by one-way Anova with permutation test followed by Tukey's test with permutation.
The results establish that Ex. A enhances and strengthens skin barrier integrity. As shown in
A growth inhibition assay was conducted to evaluate the effect of Example Composition A on the inhibition or growth of bacteria found on skin. Pure colonies of E. coli, C. striatum, S. aureus and S. epidermidis were grown in TSB medium overnight. The turbidity of the bacterial culture solution was adjusted to OD=0.1 (Optical Density) at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer. Two 2 ml of the bacteria culture solution were incubated with a 2 ml sample of Ex. A, Comp. Ex. 1 or Comp. Ex. 3 for 48 hours.
The turbidity of each tube was read after incubation. Replicates were run for each treatment.
An exemplary, non-limiting personal care composition (Ex. B) was prepared in accordance with the formulation shown in Table 2 (above). Ex. B is in the form of a body wash.
The effect of Ex. B on the growth of various bacteria residing on the skin was evaluated in comparison to two comparative compositions (Comp. Ex. 2 and Comp. Ex. 4). Comp. Ex. 2 was a benchmark composition having a similar formula to Ex. B, except that Comp. Ex. 2 did not include the inventive combination of a polysaccharide, a fatty alcohol, and a post-biotic blend, which was contained in Ex. B. Comp. Ex. 4 was a commercially available body wash. The list of ingredients for Comp. Ex. 4 is shown above in Table 3.
Specifically, growth inhibition assays were conducted to evaluate the effect of Example Composition B on the inhibition or growth of bacteria found on skin. Pure colonies of E. coli, C. striatum, and S. epidermidis were grown in TSB medium overnight. The turbidity of the bacterial culture solution was adjusted to OD=0.1 (Optical Density) at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer. Two 2 ml of the bacteria culture solution was incubated with a 2 ml sample of Ex. B, Comp. Ex. 2, or Comp. Ex. 4 for 48 hours.
The turbidity of each tube was read after incubation. Replicates were run for each treatment.
An exemplary, non-limiting personal care composition (Ex. D) was prepared in accordance with aspects of the invention. Example Composition D was in the form of a lotion and contained 0.6 wt. % of lactic acid, 0.15 wt. % of sodium pyruvate, 1 wt. % of inulin, and 0.05 wt. % of butyloctanol, with all weight percentages being based on the total weight of the personal care composition. A comparative composition (Comp. Ex. 5) was prepared having a similar formula to as Ex. D, except that Comp. Ex. 5 did not include the polysaccharide, fatty alcohols, or post-biotic blend of Ex. D.
The effect of Ex. D on the growth of various bacteria residing on skin was evaluated in comparison to two comparative compositions (Comp. Exs. 5 and 6). Comp. Ex. 6 was a commercially available body wash.
Specifically, growth inhibition assays were conducted to evaluate the effect of Ex. D on the inhibition or growth of bacteria found on skin. Pure colonies of S. aureus and S. epidermidis were grown in TSB medium overnight. The turbidity of the bacterial culture solution was adjusted to OD=0.1 (Optical Density) at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer. Two 2 ml of the bacteria culture solution was incubated with a 2 ml sample of Ex. D, Comp. Ex. 5, or Comp. Ex. 6 for 48 hours.
The turbidity of each tube was read after incubation. Replicates were run for each treatment.
Three soap compositions were prepared to assess the effects of aspects of the invention when incorporated into a soap bar. A non-limiting, exemplary composition (Ex. E) was prepared in accordance with aspects of the invention and contained 0.04 wt. % of lactic acid, 0.012 wt. % of sodium pyruvate, 0.1 wt. % of inulin, 1 wt. % of butyloctanol, and 1 wt. % of calcium carbonate. A composition was prepared without the combination (Comp. Ex. 7) of a polysaccharide, a fatty alcohol, and a post-biotic blend to serve as a control. A composition (Comp. Ex. 8) was prepared with 0.04 wt. % of lactic acid, 0.012 wt. % of sodium pyruvate, 0.1 wt. % of inulin, 1 wt. % of butyloctanol, and 0.2 wt. % of titanium dioxide. The formulations for Ex. E, Comp. Ex. 7, and Comp. Ex. 8 are shown in Table 4, below.
A commercial benchmark (Comp. Ex. 9) was also evaluated as a comparison for Ex. E and Comp. Exs. 7 and 8. The list of ingredients for Comp. Ex. 9 is provided below.
TSB solutions were prepared from each of Ex. E and Comp. Exs. 7-9 by diluting a sample of each respective soap bar composition with TSB medium to produce a TSB solution containing 1 wt. % of the respective soap bar composition. Specifically, a sample of 0.2 g bar soap was cut and added into 20 ml TSB, then heated in an oven at a temperature of 50° C. for 1 hour to produce the TSB solution. Each of the solutions was mixed several times during the 1 hour heating period to ensure that the soap bar composition completely dissolved.
A pure colony of C. striatum and a separate pure colony of S. epidermidis were grown in TSB medium overnight. The turbidity of the bacterial culture solutions were adjusted to 0.10D (Optical Density) at 610 nm using a UV-VIS Spectrometer. A 2 ml sample of each bacteria culture was then incubated with a 2 ml sample of each respective soap bar solution at a temperature of 37° C. for 3 hours of incubation. After the incubation, the solution was 10 times series diluted in TSB medium to produce a diluted solution containing both the respective soap bar composition and the respective bacteria.
100 ul of the diluted solution was then plated on TSA plates, and incubated at a temperature of 37° C. overnight. The bacteria colonies on the TSA plates were counted the next day. At least two separate experiments were run for each tested samples, and each experiment had 3 replicates. The data was expressed as log 10 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml. The ratio of desirable bacteria to undesirable bacteria was calculated by dividing the log counts of undesirable bacteria by the log counts of desirable bacteria. The statistical significance between treatments was analyzed by ANOVA at 95% confidence level in Minitab software.
Bar graphs showing the results of the evaluation of Ex. E and Comp. Exs. 7-9 on C. striatum and S. epidermidis are shown in
This application claims priority to U.S. Appl. No. 63/402,915, titled Personal Care Compositions and filed Aug. 31, 2022, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 63402915 | Aug 2022 | US |
