TREA

PESTICIDAL COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESSES RELATED THERETO

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Information

  • Patent Application
  • 20140171312
  • Publication Number
    20140171312
  • Date Filed
    December 18, 2013
    11 years ago
  • Date Published
    June 19, 2014
    10 years ago
Information
Abstract
This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”):
Description
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

The invention disclosed in this document is related to the field of processes to produce molecules that are useful as pesticides (e.g., acaricides, insecticides, molluscicides, and nematicides), such molecules, and processes of using such molecules to control pests.


BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

Pests cause millions of human deaths around the world each year. Furthermore, there are more than ten thousand species of pests that cause losses in agriculture. The world-wide agricultural losses amount to billions of U.S. dollars each year.


Termites cause damage to all kinds of private and public structures. The world-wide termite damage losses amount to billions of U.S. dollars each year.


Stored food pests eat and adulterate stored food. The world-wide stored food losses amount to billions of U.S. dollars each year, but more importantly, deprive people of needed food.


There is an acute need for new pesticides. Certain pests are developing resistance to pesticides in current use. Hundreds of pest species are resistant to one or more pesticides. The development of resistance to some of the older pesticides, such as DDT, the carbamates, and the organophosphates, is well known. But resistance has even developed to some of the newer pesticides, for example, imidacloprid.


Therefore, for many reasons, including the above reasons, a need exists for new pesticides.


DEFINITIONS

The examples given in the definitions are generally non-exhaustive and must not be construed as limiting the invention disclosed in this document. It is understood that a substituent should comply with chemical bonding rules and steric compatibility constraints in relation to the particular molecule to which it is attached.


“Alkenyl” means an acyclic, unsaturated (at least one carbon-carbon double bond), branched or unbranched, substituent consisting of carbon and hydrogen, for example, vinyl, allyl, butenyl, pentenyl, and hexenyl.


“Alkenyloxy” means an alkenyl further consisting of a carbon-oxygen single bond, for example, allyloxy, butenyloxy, pentenyloxy, hexenyloxy.


“Alkoxy” means an alkyl further consisting of a carbon-oxygen single bond, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, and tert-butoxy.


“Alkyl” means an acyclic, saturated, branched or unbranched, substituent consisting of carbon and hydrogen, for example, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl which represents n-propyl and isopropyl), (C4)alkyl which represents n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, and tert-butyl.


“Alkynyl” means an acyclic, unsaturated (at least one carbon-carbon triple bond), branched or unbranched, substituent consisting of carbon and hydrogen, for example, ethynyl, propargyl, butynyl, and pentynyl.


“Alkynyloxy” means an alkynyl further consisting of a carbon-oxygen single bond, for example, pentynyloxy, hexynyloxy, heptynyloxy, and octynyloxy.


“Aryl” means a cyclic, aromatic substituent consisting of hydrogen and carbon, for example, phenyl, naphthyl, and biphenyl.


“(Cx-Cy)” where the subscripts “x” and “y” are integers such as 1, 2, or 3, means the range of carbon atoms for a substituent—for example, (C1-C4)alkyl means methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, and tert-butyl, each individually.


“Cycloalkenyl” means a monocyclic or polycyclic, unsaturated (at least one carbon-carbon double bond) substituent consisting of carbon and hydrogen, for example, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, norbomenyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octenyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, hexahydronaphthyl, and octahydronaphthyl.


“Cycloalkenyloxy” means a cycloalkenyl further consisting of a carbon-oxygen single bond, for example, cyclobutenyloxy, cyclopentenyloxy, norbornenyloxy, and bicyclo[2.2.2]octenyloxy.


“Cycloalkyl” means a monocyclic or polycyclic, saturated substituent consisting of carbon and hydrogen, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, norbornyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, and decahydronaphthyl.


“Cycloalkoxy” means a cycloalkyl further consisting of a carbon-oxygen single bond, for example, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, norbornyloxy, and bicyclo[2.2.2]octyloxy.


“Halo” means fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo.


“Haloalkoxy” means an alkoxy further consisting of, from one to the maximum possible number of identical or different, halos, for example, fluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, 2,2-difluoropropoxy, chloromethoxy, trichloromethoxy, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy, and pentafluoroethoxy.


“Haloalkyl” means an alkyl further consisting of, from one to the maximum possible number of, identical or different, halos, for example, fluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2,2-difluoropropyl, chloromethyl, trichloromethyl, and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl.


“Heterocyclyl” means a cyclic substituent that may be fully saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated, where the cyclic structure contains at least one carbon and at least one heteroatom, where said heteroatom is nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen. In the case of sulfur, that atom can be in other oxidation states such as a sulfoxide and sulfone. Examples of aromatic heterocyclyls include, but are not limited to, benzofuranyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, cinnolinyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, isoquinolinyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolinyl, oxazolyl, phthalazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl, quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrazolyl, thiazolinyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, triazinyl, and triazolyl. Examples of fully saturated heterocyclyls include, but are not limited to, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl and tetrahydropyranyl. Examples of partially unsaturated heterocyclyls include, but are not limited to, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, 4,5-dihydro-oxazolyl, 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazolyl, 4,5-dihydro-isoxazolyl, and 2,3-dihydro-[1,3,4]-oxadiazolyl.


Additional examples include the following




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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE

This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”):




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wherein:


(a) R1 is selected from

    • (1) H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)2(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)2(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N(R14)(R15),
    • (2) substituted (C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkyl has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2,
    • (3) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2,
    • (4) substituted (C1-C8)alkoxy, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkoxy has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2, and
    • (5) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkoxy has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2;


(b) R2 is selected from

    • (1) H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)2(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)2(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N(R14)(R15),
    • (2) substituted (C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkyl has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2,
    • (3) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2,
    • (4) substituted (C1-C8)alkoxy, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkoxy has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2, and
    • (5) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkoxy has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2;


(c) R3 is selected from

    • (1) H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)2(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)2(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N(R14)(R15),
    • (2) substituted (C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkyl has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2,
    • (3) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2,
    • (4) substituted (C1-C8)alkoxy, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkoxy has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2, and
    • (5) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkoxy has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2;


(d) R4 is selected from

    • (1) H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)2(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)2(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N(R14)(R15),
    • (2) substituted (C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkyl has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2,
    • (3) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2,
    • (4) substituted (C1-C8)alkoxy, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkoxy has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2, and
    • (5) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkoxy has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2;


(e) R5 is selected from

    • (1) H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)2(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)2(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N(R14)(R15),
    • (2) substituted (C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkyl has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2,
    • (3) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2,
    • (4) substituted (C1-C8)alkoxy, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkoxy has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2, and
    • (5) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkoxy has one or more substituents selected from CN and NO2;


(f) R6 is a (C1-C8)haloalkyl;


(g) R7 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, (C1-C8)alkoxy, and halo(C1-C8)alkoxy;


(h) R8 is selected from H, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, OR14, and N(R14)(R15);


(i) R9 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, OR14, and N(R14)(R15);


(j) R10 is selected from

    • (1) H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, cyclo(C3-C6)alkyl, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), S(O)2(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)2(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), NR14R15, C(═O)H, C(═O)N(R14)(R15), CN(R14)(R15)(═NOH), (C═O)O(C1-C8)alkyl, (C═O)OH, heterocyclyl, (C2-C8)alkenyl, halo(C2-C8)alkenyl, (C2-C8)alkynyl,
    • (2) substituted (C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted (C1-C8)alkyl has one or more substituents selected from OH, (C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)2(C1-C8)alkyl, NR14R15, and
    • (3) substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, wherein said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl, has one or more substituents selected from (C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)(C1-C8)alkyl, S(O)2(C1-C8)alkyl, and N(R14)(R15);


(k) R11 is (C═X5)N(X6)(R14) wherein

    • X5 is selected from O, S, or NH, and
    • X6 is selected from halocyclo(C3-C6)alkyl, substituted cyclo(C3-C6)alkyl, and substituted halocyclo(C3-C6)alkyl,
    • wherein said substituted cyclo(C3-C6)alkyl is substituted with one or more substituents selected from CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, (C2-C8)alkenyl, (C2-C8)alkynyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, cyclo(C3-C6)alkyl, aryl, substituted-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), heterocyclyl, substituted-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), N(R15)(R16), C(═X5)N(R15)(R16), (C1-C8)alkyl-C(═X5)N(R15)(R16), C(═O)(C1-C8)alkyl, C(═O)(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), C(═O)(C3-C6)cycloalkyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-C(═O)O(C1-C8)alkyl, and C(═O)H, and
    • wherein said substituted halocyclo(C3-C6)alkyl is substituted with one or more substituents selected from CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, (C2-C8)alkenyl, (C2-C8)alkynyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, cyclo(C3-C6)alkyl, aryl, substituted-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), heterocyclyl, substituted-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), N(R15)(R16), C(═X5)N(R15)(R16), (C1-C8)alkyl-C(═X5)N(R15)(R16), C(═O)(C1-C8)alkyl, C(═O)(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), C(═O)(C3-C6)cycloalkyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-C(═O)O(C1-C8)alkyl, and C(═O)H,
    • wherein each said substituted aryl has one or more substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N((C1-C8)alkyl)2 (wherein each (C1-C8)alkyl is independently selected), and oxo, and
    • wherein each said substituted heterocyclyl has one or more substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N((C1-C8)alkyl)2 (wherein each (C1-C8)alkyl is independently selected), C(═O)(C1-C8)alkyl, C(═O)(C3-C6)cycloalkyl, S(═O)2(C1-C8)alkyl, NR14R15, and oxo;


(l) R12 is selected from (v), H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, and cyclo(C3-C6)alkyl;


(m) R13 is selected from (v), H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, and halo(C1-C8)alkoxy;


(n) each R14 is independently selected from H, (C1-C8)alkyl, (C2-C8)alkenyl, substituted (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl), (C1-C8)alkoxy, cyclo(C3-C6)alkyl, aryl, substituted-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), heterocyclyl, substituted-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), N(R16)(R17), (C1-C8)alkyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), C(═O)(C1-C8)alkyl, C(═O)(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), C(═O)(C3-C6)cycloalkyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-C(═O)O(C1-C8)alkyl, C(═O)H

    • wherein each said substituted (C1-C8)alkyl has one or more substituents selected from CN, and NO2,
    • wherein each said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl), has one or more substituents selected from CN, and NO2,
    • wherein each said substituted-aryl has one or more substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N((C1-C8)alkyl)2 (wherein each (C1-C8)alkyl is independently selected), and oxo, and
    • wherein each said substituted-heterocyclyl has one or more substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, (C3-C6)cycloalkyl S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N((C1-C8)alkyl)2 (wherein each (C1-C8)alkyl is independently selected), heterocyclyl, C(═O)(C1-C8)alkyl, C(═O)O(C1-C8)alkyl, and oxo, (wherein said alkyl, alkoxy, and heterocyclyl, may be further substituted with one or more of F, Cl, Br, I, CN, and NO2);


(o) each R15 is independently selected from H, (C1-C8)alkyl, (C2-C8)alkenyl, substituted (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl), (C1-C8)alkoxy, cyclo(C3-C6)alkyl, aryl, substituted-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), heterocyclyl, substituted-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), N(R16)(R17), (C1-C8)alkyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), C(═O)(C1-C8)alkyl, C(═O)(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), C(═O)(C3-C6)cycloalkyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-C(═O)O(C1-C8)alkyl, C(═O)H

    • wherein each said substituted (C1-C8)alkyl has one or more substituents selected from CN, and NO2,
    • wherein each said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl), has one or more substituents selected from CN, and NO2,
    • wherein each said substituted-aryl has one or more substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N((C1-C8)alkyl)2 (wherein each (C1-C8)alkyl is independently selected), and oxo, and
    • wherein each said substituted-heterocyclyl has one or more substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, (C3-C6)cycloalkyl S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N((C1-C8)alkyl)2 (wherein each (C1-C8)alkyl is independently selected), heterocyclyl, C(═O)(C1-C8)alkyl, C(═O)O(C1-C8)alkyl, and oxo, (wherein said alkyl, alkoxy, and heterocyclyl, may be further substituted with one or more of F, Cl, Br, I, CN, and NO2);


(p) each R16 is independently selected from H, (C1-C8)alkyl, substituted-(C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, substituted-halo(C1-C8)alkyl, cyclo(C3-C6)alkyl, aryl, substituted-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), heterocyclyl, substituted-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl

    • wherein each said substituted (C1-C8)alkyl has one or more substituents selected from CN, and NO2,
    • wherein each said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl), has one or more substituents selected from CN, and NO2,
    • wherein each said substituted-aryl has one or more substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N((C1-C8)alkyl)2 (wherein each (C1-C8)alkyl is independently selected), and oxo, and
    • wherein each said substituted-heterocyclyl has one or more substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N((C1-C8)alkyl)2 (wherein each (C1-C8)alkyl is independently selected), and oxo;


(q) each R17 is independently selected from H, (C1-C8)alkyl, substituted-(C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, substituted-halo(C1-C8)alkyl, cyclo(C3-C6)alkyl, aryl, substituted-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-aryl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), heterocyclyl, substituted-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C1-C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C1-C8)alkyl

    • wherein each said substituted (C1-C8)alkyl has one or more substituents selected from CN, and NO2,
    • wherein each said substituted halo(C1-C8)alkyl), has one or more substituents selected from CN, and NO2,
    • wherein each said substituted-aryl has one or more substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N((C1-C8)alkyl)2 (wherein each (C1-C8)alkyl is independently selected), and oxo, and
    • wherein each said substituted-heterocyclyl has one or more substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, (C1-C8)alkyl, halo(C1-C8)alkyl, (C1-C8)alkoxy, halo(C1-C8)alkoxy, S(C1-C8)alkyl, S(halo(C1-C8)alkyl), N((C1-C8)alkyl)2 (wherein each (C1-C8)alkyl is independently selected), and oxo;


(r) X1 is selected from N and CR12;


(s) X2 is selected from N, CR9, and CR13;


(t) X3 is selected from N and CR9; and


(v) R12 and R13 together form a linkage containing 3 to 4 atoms selected from C, N, O, and S, wherein said linkage connects back to the ring to form a 5 to 6 member saturated or unsaturated cyclic ring, wherein said linkage has at least one substituent X4 wherein X4 is selected from R14, N(R14)(R15), N(R14)(C(═O)R14), N(R14)(C(═S)R14), N(R14)(C(═O)N(R14)(R14)), N(R14)(C(═S)N(R14)(R14)), N(R14)(C(═O)N(R14)((C2-C8)alkenyl)), N(R14)(C(═S)N(R14)((C2-C8)alkenyl)), wherein each R14 is independently selected.


In another embodiment of this invention R1 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R2 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R3 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R4 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R5 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R2 and R4 are selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, and NO2 and R1, R3, and R5 are H. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R2, R3, and R4 are selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, and NO2 and R1, and R5 are H. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from F and Cl and R1 and R5 are H. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R1 is selected from Cl and H. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R2 is selected from CF3, CH3, Cl, F, and H. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R3 is selected from OCH3, CH3, F, Cl, or H. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R4 is selected from CF3, CH3, Cl, F, and H. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R5 is selected from F, Cl, and H. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R6 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, and halo(C8)alkyl. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R6 is trifluoromethyl. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R7 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, F, Cl, Br, and I. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R7 is selected from H, OCH3, and OH. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R8 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, and halo(C8)alkyl. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R8 is selected from CH3 and H. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R9 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, F, Cl, Br, I, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R10 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, halo(C8)alkoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R10 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, Cl, Br, CH3, and CF3. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R10 is selected from Br, C(═NOH)NH2, C(═O)H, C(═O)NH2, C(═O)OCH2CH3, C(═O)OH, CF3, CH2CH3, CH2OH, CH3, Cl, CN, F, H, NH2, NHC(═O)H, NHCH3, NO2, OCH3, OCHF2, and pyridyl. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R11 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—(C═O)N(H)(cyclopropyl-(C═O)N(H)(CH2CF3)), (C═O)N(H)(cyclopropyl-(C═S)N(H)(CH2CF3)), (C═O)N(H)(cyclobutyl-(C═O)N(H)(CH2CF3)), (C═O)N(H)(cyclopropyl-CN), and (C═O)N(H)(difluorocyclopropyl). This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R11 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—(C═(O or S)N(H)(cyclopropyl-(C═(O or S))N(H)(halo(C1-C6)alkyl)), (C═(O or S)N(H)(cyclobutyl-(C═(O or S))N(H)(halo(C1-C6)alkyl)), and (C═(O or S)N(H)(cyclopropyl-(C═(O or S))N(H)(C1-C6)alkyl). This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R12 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, F, Cl, Br, I, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R12 is selected from CH3, and H.


In another embodiment of this invention R13 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, F, Cl, Br, I, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R13 is selected from CH3, Cl and H. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R12-R13 are a hydrocarbyl linkage containing CH═CHCH═CH. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R14 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methyl-aryl, ethyl-aryl, (C3)alkyl-aryl, (C4)alkyl-aryl, (C5)alkyl-aryl, (C6)alkyl-aryl, (C7)alkyl-aryl, (C8)alkyl-aryl, methyl-(substituted-aryl), ethyl-(substituted-aryl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O-methyl-aryl, O-ethyl-aryl, O—(C3)alkyl-aryl, O—(C4)alkyl-aryl, O—(C5)alkyl-aryl, O—(C6)alkyl-aryl, O—(C7)alkyl-aryl, O—(C8)alkyl-aryl, O-methyl-(substituted-aryl), O-ethyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), methyl-heterocyclyl, ethyl-heterocyclyl, (C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-methyl-heterocyclyl, O-ethyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O-methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), methyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), ethyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), (C3)alkyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), (C4)alkyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), (C5)alkyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), (C6)alkyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), (C7)alkyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), and (C8)alkyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17). This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R14 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, CH3, CH2CF3, CH2-halopyridyl, oxo-pyrrolidinyl, halophenyl, thietanyl, CH2-phenyl, CH2-pyridyl, thietanyl-dioxide, CH2-halothiazolyl, C((CH3)2)-pyridyl, N(H)(halophenyl), CH2-pyrimidinyl, CH2-tetrahydrofuranyl, CH2-furanyl, O—CH2-halopyridyl, and CH2C(═O)N(H)(CH2CF3). This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R15 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methyl-aryl, ethyl-aryl, (C3)alkyl-aryl, (C4)alkyl-aryl, (C5)alkyl-aryl, (C6)alkyl-aryl, (C7)alkyl-aryl, (C8)alkyl-aryl, methyl-(substituted-aryl), ethyl-(substituted-aryl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O-methyl-aryl, O-ethyl-aryl, O—(C3)alkyl-aryl, O—(C4)alkyl-aryl, O—(C5)alkyl-aryl, O—(C6)alkyl-aryl, O—(C7)alkyl-aryl, O—(C8)alkyl-aryl, O-methyl-(substituted-aryl), O-ethyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), methyl-heterocyclyl, ethyl-heterocyclyl, (C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-methyl-heterocyclyl, O-ethyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O-methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), methyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), ethyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), (C3)alkyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), (C4)alkyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), (C5)alkyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), (C6)alkyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), (C7)alkyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), and (C8)alkyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17). This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R15 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, CH3, CH2CF3, CH2-halopyridyl, oxo-pyrrolidinyl, halophenyl, thietanyl, CH2-phenyl, CH2-pyridyl, thietanyl-dioxide, CH2-halothiazolyl, C((CH3)2)-pyridyl, N(H)(halophenyl), CH2-pyrimidinyl, CH2-tetrahydrofuranyl, CH2-furanyl, O—CH2-halopyridyl, and CH2C(═O)N(H)(CH2CF3). This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R16 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methyl-aryl, ethyl-aryl, (C3)alkyl-aryl, (C4)alkyl-aryl, (C5)alkyl-aryl, (C6)alkyl-aryl, (C7)alkyl-aryl, (C8)alkyl-aryl, methyl-(substituted-aryl), ethyl-(substituted-aryl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O-methyl-aryl, O-ethyl-aryl, O—(C3)alkyl-aryl, O—(C4)alkyl-aryl, O—(C5)alkyl-aryl, O—(C6)alkyl-aryl, O—(C7)alkyl-aryl, O—(C8)alkyl-aryl, O-methyl-(substituted-aryl), O-ethyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), methyl-heterocyclyl, ethyl-heterocyclyl, (C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-methyl-heterocyclyl, O-ethyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O-methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), and O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl). This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R16 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, CH2CF3, cyclopropyl, thietanyl, thietanyl dioxide, and halophenyl. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R17 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methyl-aryl, ethyl-aryl, (C3)alkyl-aryl, (C4)alkyl-aryl, (C5)alkyl-aryl, (C6)alkyl-aryl, (C7)alkyl-aryl, (C8)alkyl-aryl, methyl-(substituted-aryl), ethyl-(substituted-aryl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O-methyl-aryl, O-ethyl-aryl, O—(C3)alkyl-aryl, O—(C4)alkyl-aryl, O—(C5)alkyl-aryl, O—(C6)alkyl-aryl, O—(C7)alkyl-aryl, O—(C8)alkyl-aryl, O-methyl-(substituted-aryl), O-ethyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), methyl-heterocyclyl, ethyl-heterocyclyl, (C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-methyl-heterocyclyl, O-ethyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O-methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), and O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl). This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention R17 may be selected from any combination of one or more of the following—H, CH2CF3, cyclopropyl, thietanyl, thietanyl dioxide, and halophenyl. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention X1 is CR12, X2 is CR13, and X3 is CR9. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


In another embodiment of this invention a heterocyclyl has preferably about 6 to 10 atoms in the ring structure, more preferably, 6 to 8 atoms. This embodiment also may be combined with any of the preceding embodiments or subsequent embodiments.


The molecules of Formula One will generally have a molecular mass of about 100 Daltons to about 1200 Daltons. However, it is generally preferred if the molecular mass is from about 120 Daltons to about 900 Daltons, and it is even more generally preferred if the molecular mass is from about 140 Daltons to about 600 Daltons.


The benzyl alcohol of Formula IV, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, can be synthesized in two ways. One way, disclosed in step a of Scheme I, is by treatment of the ketone of Formula II, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are as previously disclosed, with a reducing agent, such as sodium borohydride (NaBH4), under basic conditions, such as aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH), in a polar protic solvent, such as methyl alcohol (CH3OH) at 0° C. Alternatively, an aldehyde of Formula III, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R7 are as previously disclosed, is allowed to react with trifluorotrimethylsilane in the presence of a catalytic amount of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in a polar aprotic solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), as in step b of Scheme I. The compound of Formula IV can be transformed into the compound of Formula V, wherein Y is selected from Br, Cl or I, and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with a halogenating reagent, such as N-bromosuccinimide and triethyl phosphite in a non-reactive solvent, such as dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) at reflux temperature to provide Y═Br, or such as thionyl chloride and pyridine in a hydrocarbon solvent, such as toluene at reflux temperature to provide Y═Cl, as in step c of Scheme I.




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Formation of the styrene coupling partners can be accomplished as in Schemes II, III IV and V.


In Scheme II, a vinylbenzoic acid of Formula VI, wherein R11 is (C═O)OH and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, can be converted in two steps to the vinylbenzamide of Formula VIIa, wherein R11 is (C═O)N(R14)(R15), and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, R14, R15, and X are as previously disclosed. As in step d of Scheme II, the benzoic acid of Formula VI is treated with oxalyl chloride in the presence of a catalytic amount of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) in a non-reactive solvent such as CH2Cl2 to form the acid chloride, which is subsequently allowed to react with an amine (HN(R14)(R15)), wherein R14 and R15 are as previously disclosed, in the presence of a base, such as triethylamine, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as THF, to provide the vinyl benzamide of Formula VIIa, wherein R11 is (C═O)N(R14)(R15), and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, R14, R15, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, as in step e of Scheme II.




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In Schemes III and IV, a halobenzoic acid of Formula VIII, wherein R18 is Br or I, R11 is (C═O)OH and R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed can be converted to a vinylbenzoic acid ester of Formula VIIb1 or Formula VIIb2, wherein R18 is Br or I, R11 is (C═O)O(C1-C6 alkyl), and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. In step f of Scheme III, the halobenzoic acid of Formula VIII, wherein R18 is Br, is treated with a base, such as n-butyllithium (n-BuLi), and DMF in a polar, aprotic solvent, such as THF, at a temperature of about −78° C. The resulting formyl benzoic acid is allowed to react with an acid, such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4), in the presence of an alcohol, such as ethyl alcohol (EtOH), as in step g, to provide the formyl benzoic acid ethyl ester of Formula IX, wherein R11 is (C═O)O(C1-C6 alkyl), and R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The vinyl benzoic acid ester of Formula VIIb1 is accessed via reaction of the compounds of Formula IX, with a base, such as potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide in a polar aprotic solvent, such as 1,4-dioxane, at ambient temperature, as in step h of Scheme III.




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In step i of Scheme IV, the halobenzoic acid of Formula VIII, wherein R18 is Br, R11 is (C═O)OH, and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, is treated with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate in the presence of a base, such as triethylamine (Et3N) and a catalytic amount of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) in a polar aprotic solvent, such as THF, at ambient temperature. The resulting benzoic acid tert-butyl ester is allowed to react with vinyl boronic anhydride pyridine complex in the presence of a palladium catalyst, such a tetrakis(triphenylphospine)palladium(0) (Pd(PPh3)4), and a base, such as K2CO3, in a non-reactive solvent such as toluene at reflux temperature, as in step j, to provide the vinyl benzoic acid ester of Formula VIIb2, wherein R11 is (C═O)O(C1-C6 alkyl), and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed.




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In step k of Scheme V, the vinyl benzoic acid ester of Formula VIIb2, wherein R10 is Br, R11 is (C═O)O(C1-C6 alkyl), and R8, R9, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously defined, can be further transformed into the corresponding vinyl benzoic acid ester of Formula VIIb3, wherein R10 is CN, R11 is (C═O)O(C1-C6 alkyl), and R8, R9, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with copper(I) cyanide (CuCN) in a polar aprotic solvent, such as DMF, at 140° C.




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Coupling of the compounds of Formula V with the compounds of Formula VIIa, VIIb1, VIIb2 and VIIb3 can be accomplished as in Schemes VI, VII, and VIII. In step l of Scheme VI, a compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the vinylbenzamide of Formula VIIa, wherein R11 is (C═O)N(R14)(R15), and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, R14, R15, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of copper(I) chloride (CuCl) and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the molecules of Formula One, wherein R11 is (C═O)N(R14)(R15), and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, R14, R15, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed.




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In step l of Scheme VII, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the vinylbenzoic acid ester of Formula VIIb1, wherein R11 is (C═O)O(C1-C6 alkyl), and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the compounds of Formula Xa, wherein R11 is (C═O)O(C1-C6 alkyl), and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The compounds of Formula Xa are then converted to the molecules of Formula One, wherein R11 is (C═O)N(R14)(R15), and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, R14, R15, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by either a two-step process as disclosed in steps m and n or in one step as disclosed in step o. In step m of Scheme VII, the ester of Formula Xa is saponified to the corresponding acid under acidic conditions, such as about 11 Normal (N) hydrochloric acid (HCl), in a polar aprotic solvent, such as 1,4-dioxane, at about 100° C. The acid can subsequently be coupled to an amine (HN(R14)(R15)), wherein R14 and R15 are as previously disclosed, using peptide coupling reagents, such as 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC.HCl), benzotriazol-1-yl-oxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP), 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidinium hexafluorophosphate (CIP), 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt), or O-benzotriazole-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-uronium-hexafluoro-phosphate (HBTU) in the presence of a base, such as N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA) or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP), to give the molecules of Formula One, wherein R11 is (C═O)N(R14)(R15), and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, R14, R15, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. Alternatively, the ester of Formula Xa is allowed to react with an amine (HN(R14)(R15)) in the presence of a solution of trimethylaluminum in toluene in a non-reactive solvent, such as CH2Cl2, at ambient temperature, as in step o of Scheme VII, to access the molecules of Formula One, wherein R11 is (C═O)N(R14)(R15), and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, R14, R15, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed.




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In step l of Scheme VIII, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the vinylbenzoic acid ester of Formula VIIb2 or VIIb3, wherein R11 is (C═O)O(C1-C6 alkyl), and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the compounds of Formula Xb, wherein R11 is (C═O)OH, and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, R14, R15, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The compounds of Formula Xb are then converted to the molecules of Formula One, wherein R11 is (C═O)N(R14)(R15), and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, R14, R15, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, in one step as disclosed in step n. In step n of Scheme VIII, the acid of Formula Xb can be coupled to an amine (HN(R14)(R15)), wherein R14 and R15 are as previously disclosed, using peptide coupling reagents, such as 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC.HCl), benzotriazol-1-yl-oxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP), 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidinium hexafluorophosphate (CIP), 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt), or O-benzotriazole-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-uronium-hexafluoro-phosphate (HBTU) in the presence of a base, such as N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA) or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP), to give the molecules of Formula One, wherein R11 is (C═O)N(R14)(R15), and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, R14, R15, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed.




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In step t of Scheme XIII, the vinyl benzyl chloride of Formula XIa, wherein R11 is —CH2Cl and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously defined, can be transformed into the corresponding phthalimide-protected benzyl amine of Formula XIIa, wherein R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide), and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with potassium phthalimide in a polar aprotic solvent, such as DMF, at 70° C.




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In step u of Scheme XIV, the 4-methylbenzonitrile of Formula XIIIa, wherein R11 is CH3 and R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously defined, can be transformed into the corresponding benzyl bromide of Formula XIVa, wherein R11 is CH2Br and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) in a non-reactive solvent, such as carbon tetrachloride at 77° C. The nitrile group (CN) of Formula XIVa can be reduced to the corresponding aldehyde of Formula XVa, wherein R11 is CH2Br and R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously defined via reaction with diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H) in an aprotic solvent, such as toluene, at 0° C., followed by quenching with 1.0 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) as in step v of Scheme XIV. The compound of Formula XVa can be further transformed to the corresponding phthalimide-protected benzyl amine of Formula XVIa, wherein R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide) and R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with potassium phthalimide in a polar aprotic solvent, such as DMF, at 60° C. as in step t of Scheme XIV. In step w of Scheme XIV, the aldehyde of Formula XVIa can be converted to the olefin of Formula XIIb, wherein R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide) and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide in a polar aprotic solvent, such as 1,4-dioxane, in the presence of a base, such as K2CO3, at ambient temperature.




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The aldehyde of Formula XVa, wherein R11 is CH2Br and R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously defined, can be reacted with a nucleophile, such as 2-aminopyridine, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), in the presence of a base, such as K2CO3, at ambient temperature to provide the compound of Formula XVII, wherein R11 is CH2NH(2-pyridine) and R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, as in step x of Scheme XV. In step w of Scheme XV, the compound of Formula XVII can be converted to the olefin of Formula XVIII, wherein R11 is CH2NH(2-pyridine) and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed.




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In a two-step, one-pot reaction as in steps y and z of Scheme XVI, the compound of Formula XIX can be reacted with the compounds of Formula XX, wherein R10 and R11 are Cl, X1 is N, and R9, R13, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, in the presence of a base, such as sodium hydride (NaH), and a polar aprotic solvent, such as DMF, at ambient temperature to provide the compounds of Formula XXI, wherein R10 is Cl, R11 is (CH)NH2CO2CH2CH3, X1 is N, and R9, R13, X2, and X3 are as previously defined. Hydrolysis and decarboxylation of the compounds of Formula XXI can be accomplished by reaction under acidic conditions, such as with 3 N HCl, at reflux temperature, to afford the compounds of Formula XXII, wherein R10 is Cl, R11 is CH2NH2.HCl, X1 is N, and R9, R13, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, as in step aa in Scheme XVI. The compounds of Formula XXII can be further transformed to the corresponding phthalimide-protected benzyl amines of Formula XXIIIa, wherein R10 is Cl, R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide), X1 is N, and R9, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with phthalic anhydride in the presence of a base, such as Et3N, and an aprotic solvent, such as toluene, at reflux temperature as in step ab of Scheme XVI. The bromide of Formula XXIIIa can be converted to the olefin of Formula XIIc, wherein R10 is Cl, R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide), X1 is N, and R8, R9, R13, X2 and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with vinyl boronic anhydride pyridine complex in the presence of a palladium catalyst, such as Pd(PPh3)4, and a base, such as K2CO3, in a non-reactive solvent such as toluene at reflux temperature, as in step ac of Scheme XVI.




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In step u of Scheme XVII, the 4-methylnaphthonitrile of Formula XIIIb, wherein X3 is CR9, R10 and X3 together form a linkage having 4 carbon atoms and with the ring carbon atoms form a 6-membered aromatic ring, R11 is CH3, and R12, R13, X1 and X2 are as previously defined, can be transformed into the corresponding naphthyl bromide of Formula XIVb, wherein X3 is CR9, R10 and X3 together form a linkage having 4 carbon atoms and with the ring carbon atoms form a 6-membered aromatic ring, R11 is CH2Br, and R12, R13, X1 and X2 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) in a non-reactive solvent, such as carbon tetrachloride at 77° C. The nitrile group (CN) of Formula XIVb can be reduced to the corresponding aldehyde of Formula XVb, wherein X3 is CR9, R10 and X3 together form a linkage having 4 carbon atoms and with the ring carbon atoms form a 6-membered aromatic ring (or if desired a non-aromatic ring), R11 is CH2Br, and R12, R13, X1 and X2 are as previously defined via reaction with diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H) in an aprotic solvent, such as toluene, at 0° C., followed by quenching with 1.0 M HCl as in step v of Scheme XVII. The compound of Formula XVb can be further transformed to the corresponding phthalimide-protected benzyl amine of Formula XVIb, wherein X3 is CR9, R10 and X3 together form a linkage having 4 carbon atoms and with the ring carbon atoms form a 6-membered aromatic ring, R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide), and R12, R13, X1 and X2 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with potassium phthalimide in a polar aprotic solvent, such as DMF, at 60° C. as in step t of Scheme XVII. In step w of Scheme XVII, the aldehyde of Formula XVIb can be converted to the olefin of Formula XIId, wherein X3 is CR9, R10 and X3 together form a linkage having 4 carbon atoms and with the ring carbon atoms form a 6-membered aromatic ring, R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide), and R8, R12, R13, X1 and X2 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide in a polar aprotic solvent, such as 1,4-dioxane, in the presence of a base, such as K2CO3, at ambient temperature.




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The compound of Formula XXIV, wherein R11 is NHNH2.HCl and R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, can be transformed into the corresponding phthalimide-protected hydrazine of Formula XXV, wherein R11 is NHN(Phthalimide) and R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with phthalic anhydride in glacial acetic acid at reflux temperature as in step ad of Scheme XVIII. The bromide of Formula XXV can be converted to the olefin of Formula XIIe, wherein R11 is NHN(Phthalimide) and R8, R9, R10, R13, X1, X2 and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with vinyl boronic anhydride pyridine complex in the presence of a palladium catalyst, such as Pd(PPh3)4, and a base, such as K2CO3, in a polar aprotic solvent such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane at 150° C. under microwave conditions, as in step ae of Scheme XVIII.




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In step af of Scheme XIX, the compound of Formula XXVI, wherein R11 is B(OH)2, and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react with 2-hydroxyisoindoline-1,3-dione in the presence of CuCl and pyridine in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at ambient temperature to provide the compound of Formula XIIf, wherein R11 is ON(Phthalimide) and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed.




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In step l of Scheme XX, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the compounds of Formula XIIa, wherein R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide) and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the corresponding compounds of Formula XXVIIa, wherein R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The phthalimide protecting group in the compounds of Formula XXVIIa is removed as in step ag of Scheme XX by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in a polar protic solvent such as EtOH at 90° C. to provide the compounds of Formula XXVIIIa, wherein R11 is CH2NH2 and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The compounds of Formula XXVIIIa can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is CH2N(C═O)(R14) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by acylation with an anhydride, such as acetic anhydride, and a base, such as Et3N, in a non-reactive solvent such as CH2Cl2 at 0° C. as in step ah1 of Scheme XX.




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In step l of Scheme XXI, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the compounds of Formula XIIb, wherein R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide) and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the corresponding compounds of Formula XXVIIb, wherein R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The phthalimide protecting group in the compounds of Formula XXVIIb is removed as in step ag of Scheme XXI by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in a polar protic solvent such as EtOH at 90° C. to provide the compounds of Formula XXVIIIb, wherein R11 is CH2NH2 and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The compounds of Formula XXVIIIb can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is CH2N(C═O)(R14) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with an acid in the presence of HOBt.H2O, EDC.HCl and a base, such as DIEA, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as DMF, as in step ah2a of Scheme XXI.


In another embodiment, the compounds of Formula XXVIIIb can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is CH2N(C═S)(R14) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with a thioacid in the presence of HOBt.H2O, EDC.HCl and a base, such as DIEA, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as DMF, as in step ah2 of Scheme XXI.


In another embodiment, the compounds of Formula XXVIIIb can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is CH2N(C═O)N(R14)(R15) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, in two steps. The first step (step ah3a of Scheme XXI) involves reaction with an aldehyde in a polar protic solvent such as methyl alcohol, followed by reaction with sodium borohydride. The second step (step ah3b of Scheme XXI) involves acylation with an acid chloride, such as cyclopropylcarbonyl chloride, and a base, such as Et3N, in a non-reactive solvent such as CH2Cl2 at ambient temperature of Scheme XXI.


In another embodiment, the compounds of Formula XXVIIIb can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is CH2N(C═O)N(R14)(R15) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with an isocyanate (step ai1 of Scheme XXI) or a carbamoyl chloride (step ai1 of Scheme XXI) in the presence of a base such as Et3N and in a non-reactive solvent such as CH2Cl2 at 0° C.


In another embodiment, the compounds of Formula XXVIIIb can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is CH2N(C═S)N(R14)(R15) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with an isothiocyanate in the presence of a base such as Et3N and in a non-reactive solvent such as CH2Cl2 at 0° C., as in steps aj of Scheme XXI.


In another embodiment, the compounds of Formula XXVIIIb can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is CH2N(C═O)O(R14) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with a dicarbonate, such as di-tert-butyl dicarbonate in the presence of a base such as Et3N and in a non-reactive solvent such as CH2Cl2 at ambient temperature, as in steps ak of Scheme XXI.


In yet another embodiment, the compounds of Formula XXVIIIb can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is CH2N(C═O)(C═O)O(R14) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with a chlorooxalic acid ester, such as 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate in the presence of a base such as Et3N and in a non-reactive solvent such as CH2Cl2 at 0° C., as in steps al of Scheme XXI.




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In step l of Scheme XXII, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the compounds of Formula XIIc, wherein R10 is Cl, R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide), X1 is N, and R8, R9, R12, R13, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the corresponding compounds of Formula XXVIIc, wherein R10 is Cl, R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide), X1 is N, and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R12, R13, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The phthalimide protecting group in the compounds of Formula XXVIIc is removed as in step ag of Scheme XXII by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in a polar protic solvent such as EtOH at 90° C. to provide the compounds of Formula XXVIIIc, wherein R10 is Cl, R11 is CH2NH2, X1 is N, and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R12, R13, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The compounds of Formula XXVIIIc can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R10 is Cl, R11 is CH2N(C═O)(R14), X1 is N, and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R12, R13, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with an acid in the presence of HOBt.H2O, EDC.HCl and a base, such as DIEA, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as CH2Cl2, as in step ah2b of Scheme XXII.




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In step l of Scheme XXIII, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the compounds of Formula XIId, wherein X3 is CR9, R10 and X3 together form a linkage having 4 carbon atoms and with the ring carbon atoms form a 6-membered aromatic ring (or if desired a non-aromatic ring), R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide) and R8, R9, R12, R13, X1 and X2 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the corresponding compounds of Formula XXVIId, wherein X3 is CR9, R10 and X3 together form a linkage having 4 carbon atoms and with the ring carbon atoms form a 6-membered aromatic ring, R11 is CH2N(Phthalimide) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R12, R13, X1 and X2 are as previously disclosed. The phthalimide protecting group in the compounds of Formula XXVIId is removed as in step ag of Scheme XXIII by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in a polar protic solvent such as EtOH at 90° C. to provide the compounds of Formula XXVIIId, wherein X3 is CR9, R10 and X3 together form a linkage having 4 carbon atoms and with the ring carbon atoms form a 6-membered aromatic ring, R11 is CH2NH2 and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R12, R13, X1 and X2 are as previously disclosed. The compounds of Formula XXVIIId can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein X3 is CR9, R10 and X3 together form a linkage having 4 carbon atoms and with the ring carbon atoms form a 6-membered aromatic ring, R11 is CH2N(C═O)(R14) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R12, R13, X1 and X2 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with an acid in the presence of HOBt.H2O, EDC.HCl and a base, such as DIEA, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as CH2Cl2, as in step ah2b of Scheme XXIII.


In another embodiment, the compounds of Formula XXVIIId can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein X3 is CR9, R10 and X3 together form a linkage having 4 carbon atoms and with the ring carbon atoms form a 6-membered aromatic ring, R11 is CH2N(C═O)N(R14)(R15) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1 and X2 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with an isocyanate in the presence of a base such as Et3N and in a non-reactive solvent such as CH2Cl2 at 0° C. as in step ai1 of Scheme XXIII.




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In step l of Scheme XXIV, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the compounds of Formula XIIe, wherein R11 is NHN(Phthalimide) and R8, R9, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the corresponding compounds of Formula XXVIIe, wherein R11 is NHN(Phthalimide) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The phthalimide protecting group in the compounds of Formula XXVIIe is removed as in step ag of Scheme XXIV by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in a polar protic solvent such as EtOH at 90° C. to provide the compounds of Formula XXVIIIe, wherein R11 is NHNH2 and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The compounds of Formula XXVIIIe can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is NHN(C═O)(R14) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with an acid in the presence of HOBt.H2O, EDC.HCl and a base, such as DIEA, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as CH2Cl2, as in step ah2b of Scheme XXIV.




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In step l of Scheme XXV, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the compounds of Formula XIIf, wherein R11 is ON(Phthalimide) and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the corresponding compounds of Formula XXVIIf, wherein R11 is ON(Phthalimide) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The phthalimide protecting group in the compounds of Formula XXVIIf is removed as in step ag of Scheme XXV by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in a polar protic solvent such as EtOH at 90° C. to provide the compounds of Formula XXVIIIf, wherein R11 is ONH2 and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The compounds of Formula XXVIIIf can be transformed into the compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is ON(C═O)(R14) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with an acid in the presence of HOBt.H2O, EDC.HCl and a base, such as DIEA, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as CH2Cl2, as in step ah2b of Scheme XXV.




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In step l of Scheme XXVI, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the compounds of Formula XVIII, wherein R11 is CH2NH(2-pyridine) and R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the corresponding compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is CH2NH(2-pyridine), and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R12, R13, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed.


The compounds of Formula One can be further elaborated by standard methods. For example, when R11 contains a thioether, the thioether can be oxidized to the sulfone by treatment with oxone in the presence of an acetone:water mixture at ambient temperature. When R11 contains an oxalate ester, the compound of Formula One can be transformed into the corresponding oxalamide by reaction with an amine hydrochloride and a solution of trimethylaluminum in toluene in a non-reactive solvent such as CH2Cl2.




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In Scheme XXVII, a fluorobenzaldehyde of Formula XXIX, wherein R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed can be converted to a (1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde of Formula XXX, wherein R11 is a substituted or unsubstituted 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group, and R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed by reaction with a substituted or unsubstituted 1,2,4-triazole in the presence of a base, such as potassium carbonate, in a solvent such as DMF as in step aj. In step ak, the (1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde of Formula XXX is converted to a (1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)vinyl benzene of Formula XXXIa wherein R11 is a substituted or unsubstituted 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group, and R8, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed by reaction with triphenyl phosphonium bromide in the presence of a base, such as potassium carbonate, in an aprotic solvent, such as 1,4-dioxane.




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In Scheme XXVIII, a bromofluorobenzene of Formula XXXII, wherein R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed can be converted to a (1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)vinylbenzene of Formula XXXIb, wherein R11 is a substituted or unsubstituted 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group, and R8, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed in two steps. In step al, the bromofluorobenzene is reacted with a substituted or unsubstituted 1,2,4-triazole in the presence of a base, such as potassium carbonate, in a solvent such as DMF to generate the (1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)bromobenzene. In step cl, the (1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)bromobenzene is reacted with vinyl boronic anhydride pyridine complex in the presence of a catalyst, such as Pd (PPh3)4, and a base, such as potassium carbonate in a solvent such as toluene.




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Coupling of the compounds of Formula V with compounds of Formula XXXIa and XXXIb can be accomplished as in Schemes XXIX. In step l, a compound of Formula V, wherein Y is Br, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and a vinylbenzene of Formula XXXIa or XXXIb, wherein R11 is a substituted or unsubstituted 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group, and R8, R9, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the molecules of Formula One, wherein R11 is a substituted or unsubstituted 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group, and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed.




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In Scheme XXX, compounds of Formula XXXIII wherein R11 is a 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group, and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed can be converted to compounds of Formula One, wherein R11 is a 3-amido-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group, and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed by a two-step process. In step am, the 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group is reduced to a 3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group in the presence of zinc dust and ammonium chloride in a protic solvent, such as methanol. In step an, the 3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group is acylated with an acid chloride, such as cyclopropylcarbonyl chloride or acetyl chloride, in the presence of a base, such as triethylamine, in a solvent such as dichloromethane.




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In step ao of Scheme XXXI, a bromophenyl methyl ketone of Formula XXXIV wherein R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed is converted to an phenyl methyl ketone of the Formula XXXV wherein R11 is a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group, and R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed by treatment with 1,2,4-triazole in the presence of a base, such as cesium carbonate, and a catalyst, such as copper iodide, in a solvent, such as DMF. In step ap, the 1,2,4-triazolylacetophenone of Formula XXXV is converted to the trimethylsilyl enol ether of Formula XXXVI by treatment with trimethylsilyl triflluoromethanesulfonate in the presence of a base, such as triethylamine, in an aprotic solvent, such as dichloromethane. In step aq, the silyl enol ether is reacted with a compound of Formula V, wherein Y is Br, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene at a temperature of about 180° C. to generate a ketone of the Formula XXXVII, wherein R11 is a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group, and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. In step ar, the ketone of the Formula XXXVII is treated with methylmagnesium bromide in an aprotic solvent, such as THF to generate the tertiary alcohol. The tertiary alcohol then undergoes an elimination reaction when treated with a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid in a solvent, such as toluene, when heated to a temperature to allow azeotropic removal of water to produce compounds of Formula One wherein R11 is a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group, R8 is methyl, and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, as in step as.




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In Scheme XXXIII, a compound of Formula XXXIX, wherein X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed is converted to a molecule of Formula XL, wherein X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by treatment with a reducing agent, such as sodium cyanoborohydride, in a solvent, such as acetic acid, as in step au. In step av, the nitrogen atom is protected with a tert-butyloxycarbonyl (BOC) group by reaction with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate in the presence of a catalyst, such as DMAP, in a solvent, such as acetonitrile. The bromide of Formula XL can be converted to the olefin of Formula XLI, wherein R8, X1, X2 and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with potassium vinyl trifluoroborate in the presence of a palladium catalyst, such as PdCl2(dppf), and a base, such as K2CO3, in a polar aprotic solvent such as DMSO at 100° C., as in step aw.




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In Scheme XXXIV, a compound of Formula XXXIX, wherein X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed is converted to a molecule of Formula XLII, wherein X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed in two steps. In step ax, the olefin is formed by treatment of the bromide with potassium vinyl trifluoroborate in the presence of a palladium catalyst, such as PdCl2, and a ligand, such as triphenylphosphine, and a base, such as Cs2CO3, in a solvent mixture such as THF/H2O. In step ay, the nitrogen atom is protected with a tert-butyloxycarbonyl (BOC) group by reaction with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate in the presence of a catalyst, such as DMAP, in a solvent, such as acetonitrile.




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In step l of Scheme XXXV, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the compounds of Formula XLI or XLII, wherein R8, X1, X2 and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 150° C. to provide the corresponding compounds of Formula XLIIIa or XLIIIb, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed.




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In Scheme XXXVI, a compound of Formula XLIIIa, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed is converted to a molecule of Formula XLIV, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid, in a solvent such as dichloromethane, as in step az. Compounds of the Formula XLIV can then be transformed into compounds of the Formula XLV wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, in two steps. In step ba, the indoline is treated with sodium nitrite (NaNO2), in an acid, such as concentrated HCl, at a temperature around 5° C., to form the nitrosoindole. In step bb, the nitrosoindole is reacted with ammonium chloride in the presence of zinc powder in a protic solvent, such as methanol. In step bc, compounds of the Formula XLV are transformed into compounds of the Formula XLVI, wherein X4 is N(R14)(C(═O)R14) and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by treatment with and acid, such as 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoic acid, PyBOP, and a base, such as DIEA, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as dichloromethane.




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In Scheme XXXVII, a compound of Formula XLIIIb, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed is converted to an indole of Formula XLVII, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid, in a solvent such as dichloromethane, as in step bd. Compounds of the Formula XLVII can be transformed into compounds of the Formula XLVIII wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with 4-nitrophenyl-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)acetate in the presence of potassium fluoride and a crown ether, such as 18-crown-6-ether, in a solvent, such as acetonitrile, as in step be. Compounds of the Formula XLVIII can be transformed into compounds of the Formula XLIX, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed in two steps. In step bf, the Boc group is removed by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid, in a solvent such as dichloromethane. In step bg, the amine is treated with 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoic acid, PyBOP, and a base, such as DIEA, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as dichloromethane.




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In Scheme XXXVIII, a compound of Formula L, wherein X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed is converted to a compound of the Formula LI, wherein X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed by treatment with copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate and Zn powder in a base, such as sodium hydroxide as in step bh. Compounds of the Formula LI can be transformed into compounds of the Formula LII wherein X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by reaction with hydrazine, in a solvent such as water, at a temperature around 95° C., as in step bi. In step bj, the olefin of the Formula LIII wherein X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed is formed by treatment of the bromide with potassium vinyl trifluoroborate in the presence of a palladium catalyst, such as PdCl2(dppf), and a base, such as K2CO3, in a solvent mixture such as DMSO. Compounds of the Formula LIV, wherein X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, can be formed from compounds of the Formula LIII by reaction with ethyl bromoacetate, in the presence of a base, such as Cs2CO3, in a solvent, such as DMF.




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In step l of Scheme XXXIX, the compound of Formula V, wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed, and the compound of Formula LIV, wherein R8, X1, X2 and X3 are as previously disclosed, are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene, at a temperature of about 180° C. to provide the corresponding compound of Formula LV, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. The compound of Formula LV can be further transformed into a compound of the Formula LVI, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, in two steps. In step bl, the ester is hydrolyzed to the acid in the presence of HCl and acetic acid, at a temperature of about 100° C. In step bm, the acid is treated with an amine, such as 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine, PyBOP, and a base, such as DIEA, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as dichloromethane.




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In step bn of Scheme XL, carboxylic acids of the Formula LVII, wherein R11 is C(═O)OH and R8, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed and compounds of the Formula V, wherein Y is Br and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as previously disclosed are allowed to react in the presence of CuCl and 2,2-bipyridyl in a solvent, such as N-methyl pyrrolidine, at a temperature of about 150° C. to afford compounds of Formula LVIII, wherein R11 is (C═O)OH and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed. Compounds of the Formula LVIII can be further transformed to the corresponding benzamides of Formula LIX, wherein R11 is (C═O)N(R14)(R15), and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, X1, X2, and X3 are as previously disclosed, by treatment with an amine, such as 2-amino-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)acetamide, PyBOP, and a base, such as DIEA, in a polar aprotic solvent, such as dichloromethane, as in step bo.




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EXAMPLES

The examples are for illustration purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the invention disclosed in this document to only the embodiments disclosed in these examples.


Starting materials, reagents, and solvents that were obtained from commercial sources were used without further purification. Anhydrous solvents were purchased as Sure/Seal™ from Aldrich and were used as received. Melting points were obtained on a Thomas Hoover Unimelt capillary melting point apparatus or an OptiMelt Automated Melting Point System from Stanford Research Systems and are uncorrected. Molecules are given their known names, named according to naming programs within ISIS Draw, ChemDraw, or ACD Name Pro. If such programs are unable to name a molecule, the molecule is named using conventional naming rules. 1H NMR spectral data are in ppm (δ) and were recorded at 300, 400, or 600 MHz, and 13C NMR spectral data are in ppm (δ) and were recorded at 75, 100, or 150 MHz, unless otherwise stated.


Example 1
Preparation of 1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzene (AI1)



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Step 1 Method A. 1-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (AI2)

To a stirred solution of 1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanone (procured from Rieke Metals, UK; 5.0 grams (g), 20.5 millimoles (mmol)) in methyl alcohol (CH3OH; 100 milliliters (mL)) at 0° C. were added sodium borohydride (NaBH4; 3.33 g, 92.5 mL) and 1 Normal (N) aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH; 10 mL). The reaction mixture was warmed to 25° C. and stirred for 2 hours (h). After the reaction was deemed complete by thin layer chromatography (TLC), saturated (satd) aqueous (aq) ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with diethyl ether (Et2O) and washed with water (H2O; 3×50 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a liquid (4.0 g, 79%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 (m, 3H), 5.00 (m, 2H), 2.74 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 242.97 ([M−H]−).


Step 1 Method B. 1-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (AI2)

To a stirred solution of 3,5-dichlorobenzaldehyde (10 g, 57 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF; 250 mL) were added trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane (9.79 g, 69.2 mmol) and a catalytic amount of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF). The reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 8 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was diluted with 3 N hydrochloric acid (HCl) and then was stirred for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and was extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc; 3×). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a liquid (8.41 g, 60%).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Step 1 Method A of Example 1 above.


2,6-Difluoro-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxyethyl)benzonitrile



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The product was isolated as a brown solid: mp 83-87° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.26 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 5.12 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 3.06 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 237.1 ([M+H]+).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Step 1 Method B of Example 1 above.


2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)ethanol (AI3)



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The product was isolated as a pale yellow liquid (500 mg, 65%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.45 (s, 2H), 5.00 (m, 1H), 2.80 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 278 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3420, 1133, 718 cm−1.


1-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (AI4)



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The product was isolated as a pale yellow liquid (500 mg, 65%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 (s, 2H), 5.00 (m, 1H), 2.80 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 262 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3420, 1133, 718 cm−1.


1-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (AI5)



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The product was isolated as a pale yellow liquid (500 mg, 65%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.60 (s, 1H), 7.51 (m, 1H), 7.35 (m, 1H), 5.01 (m, 1H), 2.60 (s, 1H); EIMS m/z 244 ([M]+).


1-(3,5-Dibromophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.58 (s, 2H), 5.08-5.02 (m, 1H), 4.42 (bs, 1H); EIMS m/z 333.7 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 3417, 2966, 1128, 531 cm−1.


2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol



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The title molecule was isolated as a clear, colorless oil: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.56 (s, 1H), 7.45-7.37 (m, 2H), 5.11 (q, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 3.22 (bs, 1H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 162.42 (d, J=249.5 Hz), 137.46 (d, J=7.8 Hz), 132.89 (qd, J=33.5, 7.9 Hz), 123.67 (q, J=283.8 Hz), 122.92 (q, J=270.68 Hz), 120.10 (t, J=4.1 Hz), 118.13 (d, J=23.0 Hz), 113.94 (dq, J=24.2, 3.9 Hz), 71.57 (q, J=32.4 Hz); EIMS m/z 262 ([M]+).


1-(3-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol



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The product was isolated as a white solid (4.98 g, 77%): mp 42-46° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.83-7.50 (m, 3H), 5.10 (p, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 2.88 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 137.12, 135.84, 131.4, 133.03 (q, J=33.3 Hz), 127.15 (q, J=3.8 Hz), 124.50 (q, J=308.0 Hz), 123.45 (q, J=301.8 Hz), 123.04, 72.06 (q, J=32.5 Hz); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −62.93, −78.43; EIMS m/z 278 ([M]+).


2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol



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The product was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.76 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.69-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.28-7.23 (m, 1H), 5.05-5.02 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 261.1 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3418, 1131 cm−1.


2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(3,4,5-trifluorophenyl)ethanol



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The product was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.19-7.10 (m, 2H), 5.03-4.96 (m, 1H), 2.85 (bs, 1H); EIMS m/z 230.1 ([M]+).


2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)ethanol



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The product was isolated as a clear colorless liquid (4.61 g 66%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.23 (qd, J=7.4, 6.1, 4.2 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (tdd, J=9.2, 6.9, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 5.25 (q, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 3.02-2.74 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 151.79 (ddd, J=254.5, 9.8, 3.4 Hz), 149.52 (ddd, J=253.5, 11.0, 3.5 Hz), 139.67 (dt, J=252.5, 15.3 Hz), 123.68 (q, J=282.2 Hz), 122.48 (dt, J=8.2, 4.1 Hz), 118.95 (dd, J=10.6, 3.6 Hz), 112.73 (dd, J=17.7, 3.9 Hz), 66.58-64.42 (m); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −78.95 (d, J=6.2 Hz), −132.02 (dd, J=20.0, 8.2 Hz), −137.89 (m), 159.84 (t, J=20.3 Hz); EIMS m/z 230 ([M]+).


2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)ethanol



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The product was isolated as a white solid (3.37 g, 73%): mp 70-73° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.63 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 5.72-5.57 (m, 1H), 2.85 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −77.84.


1-(4-Chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol



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The product was isolated as a yellow oil (6.52 g, 73%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.04 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.75-7.51 (m, 2H), 5.16 (m, 1H), 3.41 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.65, 134.44, 132.23, 132.17, 128.11, 124.66, 123.60 (q, J=283.8), 70.99 (q, J=32.6 Hz); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −78.47; EIMS m/z 230 ([M]+).


2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)ethanol



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The product was isolated as a white solid (6.49 g, 84%): mp 45-49° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.10 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.89 (m, 1H), 2.63 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 2.27 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 6H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 160.45 (d, J=246.0 Hz), 128.73, 127.97, 124.92 (d, J=18.6 Hz), 124.19 (q, J=279.1 Hz), 72.36 (q, J=32.0 Hz), 14.61 (d, J=4.1 Hz); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −78.48, −120.14; EIMS m/z 222 ([M]+).


2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)ethanol



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The product was isolated as a white solid (2.12 g, 33%): mp 40-46° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.28 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.25-7.14 (m, 1H), 7.01 (t, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 5.05-4.63 (m, 1H), 3.03 (d, J=4.2 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 161.91 (d, J=247.0 Hz), 130.62 (d, J=5.6 Hz), 129.41 (d, J=3.5 Hz), 126.55 (d, J=8.5 Hz), 115.19 (d, J=22.9 Hz), 72.23 (q, J=32.1 Hz), 14.44 (d, J=3.6 Hz); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −78.57, −116.15; EIMS m/z 208 ([M]+).


1-(3-Chloro-4-methylphenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol



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The product was isolated as a clear colorless oil (4.99 g, 75%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.31 (s, 1H), 7.10 (m, 2H), 4.79 (q, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 2.89 (bs, 1H), 2.25 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 137.64, 134.67, 132.99, 131.09, 128.01, 125.58, 124.02 (q, J=284.8 Hz), 72.08 (q, J=32.3 Hz); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −78.39; EIMS m/z 224.5 ([M]+).


1-(3,4-Dibromophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol



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The product was isolated as a clear colorless oil (5.92 g, 88%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.76 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (dd, J=8.3, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.99 (qd, J=6.4, 4.2 Hz, 1H), 2.75 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 134.52, 133.81, 132.60, 127.45, 126.19, 125.16, 123.71 (q, J=283.8 Hz), 71.57 (q, J=32.5 Hz); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −78.44; EIMS m/z 334 ([M]+).


2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)ethanol



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The product was isolated as a clear colorless oil (20.9 g, 79%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.55-7.36 (m, 3H), 7.33-7.14 (m, 1H), 5.06 (m, 1H), 2.80 (br m, 1H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 149.36 (q, J=2.0 Hz), 136.04, 129.99, 125.78, 123.91 (q, J=282.8 Hz), 121.90, 120.31 (q, J=258.6 Hz), 120.12, 72.04 (q, J=32.3 Hz); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −57.92, −78.49; EIMS m/z 260 ([M]+).


2-Fluoro-5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxyethyl)benzonitrile



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The product was isolated as a clear colorless oil (5.47 g, 58%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.80 (dd, J=5.9, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (ddd, J=7.8, 5.0, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), δ 5.09 (qd, J=6.3, 4.2 Hz, 1H), 3.12 (br m, 1H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 163.49 (d, J=261.7 Hz), 134.23 (d, J=8.6 Hz), 132.67, 131.17, 123.66 (q, J=282.4 Hz), 116.79 (d, J=20.1 Hz), 113.39, 100.96 (d, J=194.9), 71.07 (q, J=32.5 Hz); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −78.70, −105.22; EIMS m/z 219 ([M]+).


1-(3-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol



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The product was isolated as a yellow liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.78 (s, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 7.15 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H); EIMS m/z 288 OM; IR (thin film) 3435, 1175, 750 cm−1.


1-(3-Bromo-5-fluorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol



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The product was isolated as a pale yellow liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.29-7.26 (m, 1H), 7.18 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 5.03-4.98 (m, 1H), 3.60 (bs, 1H); EIMS m/z 272.0 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 3400, 1176, 520 cm−1.


1-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropan-1-ol



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Using pentafluoroethyltrimethylsilane, the product was isolated as a white solid (6.22 g, 88%): mp 71-73° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.42 (t, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H), 5.11 (dt, J=16.2, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 2.62 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 136.90, 135.31, 129.84, 126.38, 70.94 (dd, J=28.2, 23.1 Hz); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −81.06, −120.94 (d, J=277.5 Hz), −129.18 (d, J=277.5 Hz); EIMS m/z 295 ([M]+).


2,2,3,3,3-Pentafluoro-1-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)propan-1-ol



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Using pentafluoroethyltrimethylsilane, the product was isolated as an off white semi solid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.78 (s, 2H), 7.29 (d, J=5.4 Hz,), 5.50-5.40 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 328.0 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 3459, 1188, 797 cm−1.


2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol



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The product was isolated as a light yellow oil (13.8, 89%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.70-7.67 (m, 2H), 7.55 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 5.12 (q, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 2.76 (s, 1H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −62.8, −78.5; EIMS m/z 244 ([M]+).


Step 2. 1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzene (AI1)

To a stirred solution of 1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (4.0 g, 16.3 mmol) in dichloromethane (CH2Cl2; 50 mL), were added N-bromosuccinimide (NBS; 2.9 g, 16.3 mmol) and triphenyl phosphite (5.06 g, 16.3 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 18 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C. and was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 100% pentane) afforded the title compound as a liquid (2.0 g, 40%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 (s, 3H), 5.00 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 306 ([M]+).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Step 2 of Example 1.


5-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (AI6)



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The product was isolated as a colorless oil (300 mg, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.59 (s, 2H), 5.00 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 340.00 ([M]+).


5-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,3-dichloro-2-fluorobenzene (AI7)



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The product was isolated as a colorless oil (320 mg, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.45 (s, 2H), 5.00 (m, 2H); EIMS m/z 324.00 ([M]+).


4-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,2-dichlorobenzene (AI8)



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The product was isolated as a colorless oil (300 mg, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.63 (s, 1H), 7.51 (m, 1H), 7.35 (m, 1H), 5.01 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 306.00 ([M]+).


1,3-Dibromo-5-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)benzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.59 (s, 2H), 5.04-4.97 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 394.6 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 1114, 535 cm−1.


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.90 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.79-7.77 (m, 2H), 6.40-6.34 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 324.00 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 1175, 525 cm−1.


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 5.15-5.09 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 340.00 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 1178, 750, 540 cm−1.


4-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.75-7.72 (m, 2H), 7.28-7.24 (m, 1H), 5.19-5.16 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 326.0 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 1114, 571 cm−1.


5-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,2,3-trifluorobenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.23-7.12 (m, 2H), 5.05-4.98 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 292.0 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 1116, 505 cm−1.


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,3,4-trifluorobenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless oil: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.11-7.03 (m, 1H), 5.53-5.45 (m, 1H).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,4,5-trichlorobenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as an off white solid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.06 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 6.45-6.37 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 340.0 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 1186, 764, 576 cm−1.


4-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as an off white solid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.92 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.43-6.35 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 317.0 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 2927, 1540, 1353, 1177, 766, 530 cm−1.


5-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2-fluoro-1,3-dimethylbenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.32 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 6.15-6.07 (m, 1H), 3.23 (s, 6H); ESIMS m/z 284.1 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2962, 1112, 500 cm−1.


4-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1-fluoro-2-methylbenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.34-7.28 (m, 2H), 7.04-6.98 (m, 1H), 5.10-5.03 (m, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H); EIMS m/z 270.1 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 2989, 1163 cm−1.


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.79 (t, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (s, 2H), 6.37-6.29 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 356 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 1673, 1130, 715, 518 cm−1.


4-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2-chloro-1-methylbenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.55-7.50 (m, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.24-6.16 (m, 1H); IR (thin film) 2983, 1112, 749, 564 cm−1.


1,2-Dibromo-4-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)benzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.67 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.33-7.30 (m, 1H), 5.07-5.00 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 393.8 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 2981, 1644, 1165 cm−1.


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.65-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.56-7.50 (m, 2H), 6.35-6.27 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 322 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 3413, 1161, 564 cm−1.


5-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2-fluorobenzonitrile



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The title molecule was isolated as a pale yellow liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.15-8.12 (m, 1H), 8.00-7.98 (m, 1H), 7.69-7.63 (m, 1H), 6.31-6.26 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 280.9 ([M]+).


1-Bromo-3-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-5-chlorobenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a pale yellow liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.74 (s, 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 6.26-6.20 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 349.9 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 1114, 764 cm−1.


1-Bromo-3-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-5-fluorobenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.32-7.29 (m, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 1.06 (q, 1H); EIMS m/z 334.0 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 3087, 1168, 533 cm−1.


5-(1-Bromo-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl)-1,2,3-trichlorobenzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.85 (s, 2H), 6.38-6.29 (m, 1H); EIMS m/z 389.9 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 1208, 798, 560 cm−1.


4-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,6-difluorobenzonitrile



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The title molecule was isolated as a purple solid: mp 59-63° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.25 (s, 2H), 5.11-5.07 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 299.0 ([M+H]+).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene



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The title molecule was isolated as a colorless liquid: mp 59-63° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.75-7.67 (m, 3H), 7.57-7.52 (m, 1H), 5.20-5.13 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 306.0 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 3436, 2925, 1265, 749 cm−1.


Example 2
Preparation of N-Methyl-4-vinylbenzamide (AI9)



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Step 1. 4-Vinylbenzoyl chloride (AI10)

To a stirred solution of 4-vinylbenzoic acid (1 g, 6.75 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (20 mL) at 0° C. were added a catalytic amount of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and oxalyl chloride (1.27 g, 10.12 mmol) dropwise over a period of 15 minutes (min) The reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 6 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the crude acid chloride.


Step 2. N-Methyl-4-vinylbenzamide (AI9)

To 1 M N-methylamine in THF (13.5 mL, 13.5 mmol) at 0° C. were added triethylamine (Et3N; 1.34 mL, 10.12 mmol) and the acid chloride from Step 1 above in THF (10 mL), and the reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 3 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was quenched with water and then was extracted with EtOAc (3×). The combined EtOAc layer was washed with brine and dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (650 mg, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.76 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.45 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.79 (m, 1H), 6.20 (br s, 1H), 5.82 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.39 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 161.95 ([M+H]+).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in accordance with Example 2.


N,N-Dimethyl-4-vinylbenzamide (AI11)



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The product was isolated as an off-white solid (650 mg, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.42 (m, 4H), 6.71 (m, 1H), 5.80 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.31 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 3.05 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 176.01 ([M+H]+).


N-(2,2,3-Trifluoromethyl)-4-vinylbenzamide (AI12)



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The product was isolated as an off-white solid (900 mg, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.76 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.45 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.79 (m, 1H), 6.20 (br s, 1H), 5.82 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.39 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 230.06 ([M+H]+).


Morpholino(4-vinylphenyl)methanone (AI13)



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The product was isolated as a white solid (850 mg, 60%): ESIMS m/z 218.12 ([M+H]+).


Example 3
Preparation of Ethyl 2-methyl-4-vinylbenzoate (AI14)



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Step 1. 4-Formyl-2-methylbenzoic acid (AI15)

To a stirred solution of 4-bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid (10 g, 46.4 mmol) in dry THF (360 mL) at −78° C. was added n-butyllithium (n-BuLi, 1.6 M solution in hexane; 58.17 mL, 93.0 mmol) and DMF (8 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1 h then was warmed to 25° C. and stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with 1 N HCl solution and extracted with EtOAc. The combined EtOAc extracts were washed with brine and dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was washed with n-hexane to afford the title compound as a solid (3.0 g, 40%): mp 196-198° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.32 (br s, 1H), 10.05 (s, 1H), 7.98 (m, 1H), 7.84 (m, 2H), 2.61 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 163.00 ([M−H]−).


Step 2. Ethyl 4-formyl-2-methylbenzoate (AI16)

To a stirred solution of 4-formyl-2-methylbenzoic acid (3 g, 18.2 mmol) in ethyl alcohol (EtOH; 30 mL) was added sulfuric acid (H2SO4, ×M; 2 mL), and the reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C. and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with EtOAc and washed with H2O. The combined EtOAc extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a solid (2.8 g, 80%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.05 (s, 1H), 8.04 (m, 1H), 7.75 (m, 2H), 4.43 (m, 2H), 2.65 (s, 3H), 1.42 (m, 3H).


Step 3. Ethyl 2-methyl-4-vinylbenzoate (AI14)

To a stirred solution of ethyl 4-formyl-2-methylbenzoate (2.8 g, 4 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) were added potassium carbonate (K2CO3; 3.01 g, 21.87 mmol) and methyltriphenyl phosphonium bromide (7.8 g, 21.87 mmol) at 25° C. Then the reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 18 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C. and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 25-30% EtOAc in n-Hexane) to afford the title compound as a solid (2.0 g, 72%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.86 (m, 1H), 7.27 (m, 2H), 6.68 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.84 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.39 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.39 (m, 2H), 2.60 (s, 3H), 1.40 (m, 3H); ESIMS m/z 191.10 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 2980, 1716, 1257 cm−1.


Example 4
Preparation of tert-Butyl 2-chloro-4-vinylbenzoate (AI17)



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Step 1. tert-Butyl 4-bromo-2-chlorobenzoate (AI18)

To a stirred solution of 4-bromo-2-chlorobenzoic acid (5 g, 21.37 mmol) in THF (30 mL) was added di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (25.5 g, 25.58 mmol), Et3N (3.2 g, 31.98 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP; 0.78 g, 6.398 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with H2O. The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 2-3% EtOAc in n-hexane) to afford the title compound as a liquid (3.2 g, 51%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.62 (m, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 1.59 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 290.10 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1728 cm−1.


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Step 1 of Example 4.


tert-Butyl 2-bromo-4-iodobenzoate (AI19)



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The product was isolated as a colorless oil (1.2 g, 50%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.68 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 1.59 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 382.10 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1727 cm−1.


tert-Butyl 4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate (AI20)



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The product was isolated as a colorless oil (1 g, 52%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.73 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 1.57 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 324.10 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1725 cm−1.


Step 2. tert-Butyl 2-chloro-4-vinylbenzoate (AI17)

To a stirred solution of tert-butyl 4-bromo-2-chlorobenzoate (1.6 g, 5.50 mmol) in toluene (20 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphospine)palladium(0) (Pd(PPh3)4; (0.31 mg, 0.27 mmol), K2CO3 (2.27 g, 16.5 mmol) and vinylboronic anhydride pyridine complex (2.0 g, 8.3 mmol) and the reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 16 h. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 5-6% EtOAc in n-hexane) afforded the title compound as a liquid (0.6 g, 46%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.72 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.31 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.69 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.85 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.40 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 1.60 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 238.95 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2931, 1725, 1134 cm−1.


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Step 2 of Example 4.


tert-Butyl 2-bromo-4-vinylbenzoate (AI21)



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The product was isolated as a colorless oil (1 g, 52%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.68 (m, 2H), 7.36 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.84 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.39 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 1.60 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 282.10 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2978, 1724, 1130 cm−1.


tert-Butyl 2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-vinylbenzoate (AI22)



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The product was isolated as a colorless oil (1.2 g, 50%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.71 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 7.59 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.89 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.44 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 1.58 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 272.20 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2982, 1727, 1159 cm−1.


Example 5
Preparation of tert-Butyl 2-cyano-4-vinylbenzoate (AI23)



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To a stirred solution of tert-butyl 2-bromo-4-vinylbenzoate (0.5 g, 1.77 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added copper(I) cyanide (CuCN; 0.23 g, 2.65 mmol), and the reaction mixture was heated at 140° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C., diluted with H2O, and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 15% EtOAc in n-hexane) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.3 g, 72%): mp 51-53° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.64 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.75 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.93 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.51 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 1.65 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 229.84 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2370, 1709, 1142 cm−1.


Example 6
Preparation of Ethyl 2-bromo-4-iodobenzoate (AI46)



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To a stirred solution of 4-iodo-2-bromobenzoic acid (5 g, 15.29 mmol) in ethyl alcohol (EtOH; 100 mL) was added sulfuric acid (H2SO4; 5 mL), and the reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C. and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with EtOAc (2×100 mL) and washed with H2O (100 mL). The combined EtOAc extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the compound as a pale yellow solid (5 g, 92%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.04 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.41 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.41 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 6.


Ethyl 4-bromo-2-chlorobenzoate (AI47)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (2.0 g, 80%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.25 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.56 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).


Ethyl 4-bromo-2-methylbenzoate (AI48)



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The title compound was isolated as a pale yellow liquid (3.0 g, 83%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.60 (s, 3H), 1.40 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H) ESIMS m/z 229.11 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1725 cm−1.


Ethyl 4-bromo-2-fluorolbenzoate (AI49)



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The title compound was isolated as a colorless liquid (9.0 g, 79%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.84 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.34 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.32 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 246.99 ([M+H]+), IR (thin film) 1734 cm−1.


Example 7
Preparation of Ethyl 4-bromo-2-ethylbenzoate (AI50)



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To a stirred solution of 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoic acid (2.0 g, 9.17 mmol) in THF (16 mL), was added 1.0 M ethyl magnesium bromide in THF (32 mL, 32.0 mmol) dropwise at 0° C. and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with 2 N HCl and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude 4-bromo-2-ethylbenzoic acid as a colorless liquid that was used in the next step without purification (0.4 g): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.64 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (m, 1H), 7.43 (m, 1H), 2.95 (q, J=4.0 Hz, 2H), 1.32 (t, J=4.0 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 228.97 ([M+H]+).


The title compound was synthesized from 4-bromo-2-ethylbenzoic acid in accordance to the procedure in Example 6, isolated as a colorless liquid (0.15 g, 68%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.90 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (m, 2H), 4.40 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.06 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.26 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 226.96 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3443, 1686, 568 cm−1.


Example 8
Preparation of Ethyl 2-bromo-4-vinylbenzoate (AI51)



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To a stirred solution of ethyl 2-bromo-4-iodobenzoate (5 g, 14.3 mmol) in THF/water (100 mL, 9:1) was added potassium vinyltrifluoroborate (1.89 g, 14.3 mmol), Cs2CO3 (18.27 g, 56.07 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (0.22 g, 0.85 mmol) and the reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 20 min, then charged with PdCl2 (0.05 g, 0.28 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and filtered through a celite bed and washed with ethyl acetate. The filtrate was again extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organic layers washed with water and brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude compound. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 2% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a light brown gummy material (2 g, 56%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.78 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.69 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (d, J=11.2 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.43 (t, J=3.6 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 255.18 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1729 cm−1.


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 8.


Ethyl 2-methyl-4-vinylbenzoate (AI52)



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The title compound was isolated as a colorless liquid (0.8 g, 80%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.89 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (m, 2H), 6.79 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (d, J=11.2 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.60 (s, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 191.10 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1717, 1257 cm−1.


Ethyl 2-fluoro-4-vinylbenzoate (AI53)



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The title compound was isolated as a pale yellow liquid (2.0 g, 50%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.87 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.82 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 6.09 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.50 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.35 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.35 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 195.19 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1728 cm−1.


Example 9
Preparation of Ethyl 2-chloro-4-vinylbenzoate (AI54)



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To a stirred solution of ethyl 2-chloro-4-bromobenzoate (2 g, 7.63 mmol) in dimethylsulfoxide (20 mL) was added potassium vinyltrifluoroborate (3.06 g, 22.9 mmol) and potassium carbonate (3.16 g, 22.9 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min Bistriphenylphosphine(diphenylphosphinoferrocene)palladium dichloride (0.27 g, 0.38 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (100 mL), extracted with ethyl acetate (2×50 mL), washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the compound as brown gummy material (1.1 g, 69%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.81 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.33 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.70 (dd, J=17.6, 11.2 Hz, 1H), 5.87 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.41 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 211.22 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1729, 886 cm−1.


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 9.


Ethyl 2-ethyl-4-vinylbenzoate (AI55)



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The title compound was isolated as a color less liquid (1.0 g, 66%): 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.85 (m, 1H), 7.29 (m, 2H), 6.76 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.36 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 4.41 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.10 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.40 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.30 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 205.26 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1720, 1607, 1263 cm−1.


Methyl 2-methoxy-4-vinylbenzoate (AI56)



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The title compound was isolated as a pale yellow liquid (1.2 g, 75%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (s, 1H), 6.74 (dd, J=11.2, 11.2 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.39 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H) 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H). ESIMS m/z 193.18 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1732 cm−1.


Ethyl 2-(methylthio)-4-vinylbenzoate



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The title compound was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.98 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.23-7.18 (m, 2H), 6.78 (dd, J=17.7, 10.8, Hz, 1H), 5.89 (d, J=17.4 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.39-4.36 (m, 2H), 2.48 (s, 3H), 1.39 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 221.9 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1708 cm−1.


Example 10
Preparation of (E)-Ethyl 4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methylbenzoate (AI24)



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To a stirred solution of ethyl 2-methyl-4-vinylbenzoate (2.0 g, 10.5 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (25 mL) were added 1-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzene (6.44 g, 21.0 mmol), copper(I) chloride (CuCl; 208 mg, 21 mmol) and 2,2bipyridyl (0.65 g, 4.1 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and then stirred at 180° C. for 24 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C. and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 25-30% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a solid (1.7 g, 40%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.91 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (m, 1H), 7.27-7.24 (m, 4H), 6.59 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.38 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.08 (m, 1H), 2.62 (s, 3H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 415.06 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1717, 1255, 1114 cm−1.


Compounds AI25, AI57-AI68 and AC1-AC5 (Table 1) were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 10.


(E)-Ethyl 4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-benzoic acid (AI25)



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The product was isolated as a pale brown gummy liquid (500 mg, 40%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (m, 1H), 7.61 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (s, 2H), 6.70 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.19 (m, 1H), 1.40 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H),; ESIMS m/z 502.99 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1730, 1201, 1120, 749 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-fluorobenzoate (AI57)



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.26 (s, 3H), 7.21 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.47 (dd, J=, 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.41 (q, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.18 (m, 1H), 1.41 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 419.33 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1723, 1115, 802 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-bromobenzoate (AI58)



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.26 (m, 2H), 6.56 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.39 (m, 1H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 481.22 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1727, 1114, 801, 685 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 2-bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzoate (AI59)



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 7.36 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.56 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.44 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 1.42 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 514.74 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1726, 1115, 808, 620 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 2-methyl-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzoate (AI60)



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The title compound was isolated as a light brown gummy material: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 7.25 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 6.59 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.38 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.19 (m, 1H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 1.41 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).


(E)-Ethyl 2-chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzoate (AI61)



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.87 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 7.31 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.44 (dd, J=16.0 Hz-8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 1.42 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 470.73 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1726, 1115, 809, 3072 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate (AI62)



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The title compound was isolated as a pale brown liquid (1.0 g, 46.3%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.61 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (s, 2H) 6.65 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.49 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 1.42 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 502.99 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1730, 1202, 1120, 750 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 2-chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzoate (AI63)



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.85 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H), 7.34 (m, 1H), 7.24 (m, 1H), 6.57 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (dd, J=16.2, 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.43 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.13 (m, 1H), 1.41 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 455.0 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1728, 1115, 817 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 2-fluoro-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzoate (AI64)



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.93 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 7.21 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.49 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 4.13 (m, 1H), 1.41 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 436.81 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1725 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 2-bromo-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzoate (AI65)



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.94 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.36 (m, 3H), 6.56 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.44 (dd, J=15.6, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 1.42 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 498.74 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1726, 1114, 820, 623 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 2-methyl-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzoate (AI66)



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The title compound was isolated as a brown semi-solid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 7.25 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 6.59 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (dd, J=16.0 Hz, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.38 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.19 (m, 1H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 1.41 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 432.90 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1715 cm−1.


(E)-Methyl 2-methoxy-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzoate (AI67)



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.80 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 7.03 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.59 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (dd, J=15.6, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (m, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 437.29 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1724 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 2-ethyl-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzoate (AI68)



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.85 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 2H), 7.26 (m, 1H), 7.24 (m, 1H), 6.60 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (dd, J=15.6, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.38 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.14 (m, 1H), 3.01 (q, J=7.6 Hz 2H), 1.41 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.26 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 447.05 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1715, 1115, 817 cm−1.


(E)-Ethyl 4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(methylthio)benzoate



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Isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.99 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.35-7.32 (m, 2H), 7.21-7.16 (m, 2H), 6.63 (d, J=15.8 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (dd, J=15.9, 7.8 Hz, 1H), 4.41-4.31 (m, 2H), 4.30-4.10 (m, 1H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 1.40 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 466.88 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1705, 1114 cm−1.


Example 11
Preparation of (E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methylbenzoic acid (AI32)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-ethyl 4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methylbenzoate (1.7 g, 4.0 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) was added 11 N HCl (30 mL), and the reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 48 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C. and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with H2O and extracted with chloroform (CHCl3). The combined organic layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure, and the crude compound was washed with n-hexane to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.7 g, 50%): mp 142-143° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.62 (br s, 1H), 7.81 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (s, 3H), 7.52-7.44 (m, 2H), 6.89 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.78-6.74 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 4.84 (m, 1H), 2.50 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 387.05 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3448, 1701, 1109, 777 cm−1.


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 11.


(E)-2-Methyl-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzoic acid (AI26)



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The product was isolated as a pale brown gummy liquid (1 g, 46%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.97 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 7.41 (s, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.53 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (m, 1H), 2.50 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 422.67 ([M−H]−).


(E)-2-Chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzoic acid (AI27)



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The product was isolated as an off-white semi-solid (1 g, 45%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.99 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.36 (m, 2H), 6.59 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.48 (dd, J=15.6, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 442.72 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3472, 1704, 1113, 808 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzoic acid (AI28)



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The product was isolated as a brown solid (1 g, 45%): mp 70-71° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.99 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.40 (m, 3H), 6.58 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.48 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 484.75 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3468, 1700 cm−1.


(E)-2-Cyano-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzoic acid (AI29)



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The product was isolated as an off-white solid (500 mg, 45%): mp 100-101° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.85 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (br s, 1H), 7.42 (s, 2H), 6.73 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.58 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 431.93 ([M−H]−).


E)-4-(3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methylbenzoic acid (AI30)



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The product was isolated as a pale brown liquid (500 mg, 46%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.03 (m, 1H), 7.49 (m, 2H), 7.29 (m, 1H), 7.22 (m, 2H), 6.73 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.58 (dd, J=16.0, 7.8 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (m, 1H), 2.64 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 386.84 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3428, 1690, 1113, 780 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methylbenzoic acid (AI31)



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The product was isolated as a white solid (500 mg, 50%): mp 91-93° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.02 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (m, 3H), 6.61 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.48 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (m, 1H), 2.65 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 406.87 ([M−H]−).


(E)-4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (AI33)



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The product was isolated as a white solid (500 mg, 45%): mp 142-143° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.97 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 7.41 (s, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.53 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 474.87 ([M−H]−).


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzoic acid (AI69)



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The title compound was isolated as a brown solid (0.8 g, 28%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 13.42 (br, 1H), 7.98 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (m, 2H), 7.75 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 7.06 (dd, J=15.9, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.91 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 484.75 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3469, 1700 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzoic acid (AI70)



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The title compound was isolated as a yellow liquid (0.3 g, crude): 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.34 (m, 3H), 6.56 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (dd, J=15.9, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.43 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 471.0 ([M−H]−).


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-ethylbenzoic acid (AI71)



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The title compound was isolated as a brown gummy material (0.2 g, crude): 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.5 (br, 1H), 7.85 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 7.75 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (m, 2H), 6.96 (dd, J=8.7, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.80 (m, 1H), 4.06 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.33 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 419.06 ([M−H]−).


(E)-2-Chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzoic acid (AI72)



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The title compound was isolated as a yellow liquid (0.7 g, 95%): 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.85 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (s, 3H), 6.57 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 455.0 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1728, 1115, 817 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methylbenzoic acid (AI73)



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The title compound was isolated as a light brown gummy material (0.7 g, 38%): mp 91-93° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.02 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (m, 3H), 6.10 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.46 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.03 (m, 1H), 2.65 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 406.87 ([M−H]−).


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-fluorobenzoic acid (AI74)



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The title compound was isolated as a light brown liquid (0.3 g, crude): ESIMS m/z 393.15 ([M−H]−).


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzoic acid (AI75)



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The title compound was isolated as a light brown liquid (0.35 g, crude): ESIMS m/z 451.91 ([M−H]−).


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(methylthio)benzoic acid



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.88-7.85 (m, 3H), 7.46 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (s, 1H), 6.99 (dd, J=15.6, 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.81 (m, 2H), 2.45 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 436.89 [(M−H)−]; IR (thin film) 3469, 1686, 1259, 714 cm−1.


Prophetically, compounds AI34, AI36-AI41, AI44-AI45 (Table 1) could be made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 10, or Examples 10 and 11.


Example 12
Preparation of (E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methyl-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)benzamide (AC6)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methylbenzoic acid in DMF was added 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (HOBt.H2O), N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC.HCl) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA), and the reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with hexane:EtOAc afforded a white semi-solid (110 mg, 50%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.26 (m, 3H), 6.56 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.48 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.82 (br s, 1H), 4.08 (m, 3H), 2.52 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 468.40 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1657, 1113, 804 cm−1.


Compounds AC7-AC38, AC40-AC58, AC110-AC112, AC117, and AC118 (Table 1) were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 12.


Example 13
Preparation of 4-((E)-3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methyl-N-((pyrimidin-5-yl)methyl)benzamide (AC39)



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To a stirred solution of (pyrimidin-5-yl)methanamine (0.15 g, 1.43 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (10 mL) was added drop wise trimethylaluminum (2 M solution in toluene; 0.71 mL, 1.43 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 30 min. A solution of ethyl 4-((E)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methylbenzoate (0.3 g, 0.71 mmol) in CH2Cl2 was added drop wise to the reaction mixture at 25° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 18 h, cooled to 25° C., quenched with 0.5 N HCl solution (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 40% EtOAc in n-hexane) to afford the title compound (0.18 g, 55%): mp 141-144° C.; 1H (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.19 (s, 1H), 8.79 (s, 2H), 7.37 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H), 7.21 (m, 1H), 6.57 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.40 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz 1H), 6.21 (m, 1H), 4.65 (s, 2H), 4.11 (m, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 477.83 ([M−H]−).


Example 14
Preparation of (E)-2-Chloro-N-(2-oxo-2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)ethyl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (AC64)



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To a stirred solution of glycine amide (0.15 g, 0.58 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) was added trimethylaluminum (2 M solution in toluene; 1.45 mL, 2.91 mmol) dropwise, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 28° C. for 30 min. A solution of (E)-ethyl 2-chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzoate (0.3 g, 0.58 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) was added drop wise to the reaction mixture at 28° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 18 h, cooled to 25° C., quenched with 1N HCl solution (50 mL) and extracted with CH2Cl2 (2×50 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 40% EtOAc in n-hexane) to afford the title compound as yellow solid (0.15 g, 50%): mp 83-85° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.72 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 7.36 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (t, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 6.70 (t, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.44 (dd, J=15.6, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.23 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 4.01 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 580.72 ([M−H]−).


Compounds AC59-AC75 (Table 1) were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 14.


Example 15
Preparation of (E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-N-(2-oxo-2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)ethyl)benzamide (AC79)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-bromo-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzoic acid (300 mg, 0.638 mmol) in DCM (5.0 mL) was added 2-amino-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)acetamide (172. mg, 0.638 mmol) followed by benzotriazol-1-yl-oxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) (364.5 mg, 0.701 mmol) and DIPEA (0.32 mL, 1.914 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with DCM. The combined DCM layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 40% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as an off-white solid (121 mg, 31%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.69 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 8.58 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.87 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 7.62 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.0 (m, 1H), 6.76 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.83 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 3.98 (m, 4H); ESIMS m/z 610.97 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3303, 1658, 1166, 817 cm−1.


Compounds AC76-AC80, AC96-AC102, and AC113 (Table 1) were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 15.


Example 16
Preparation of (E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-N-(1,1-dioxidothietan-3-yl)-2-fluorobenzamide (AC83)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-fluoro-N-(thietan-3-yl)benzamide (100 mg, 0.2159 mmol) in acetone/water (1:1, 5.0 mL) was added oxone (266 mg, 0.4319 mmol) and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 4 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 30% ethyl acetate/pet ether) afforded the title compound as an off white solid (70.0 mg, 66%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.07 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (t, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H), 7.19 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (d, J=16.8 Hz, 1H), 6.49 (dd, J=16.8, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.90 (m, 1H), 4.64 (m, 2H), 4.14 (m, 2H),; ESIMS m/z 493.83 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1527, 1113, 801, 1167, 1321 cm−1.


Compounds AC81-AC87 (Table 1) were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 16.


Example 17
Preparation of (E)-N-((5-Cyclopropyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl)-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-methylbenzamide (AC89)



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A solution of (E)-N-(2-(2-(cyclopropanecarbonyl)hydrazinyl)-2-oxoethyl)-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methylbenzamide (200 mg, 0.379 mmol) in POCl3 (2.0 mL) was stirred at RT for 10 min, then the resultant reaction mixture was heated to 50° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with ice water at 0° C. and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined ethyl acetate layer was washed with saturated NaHCO3 solution and brine solution, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 50% ethyl acetate/pet ether) afforded the title compound as a light brown gummy material (70.0 mg, 36%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.43 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H), 6.58 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.41 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 4.14 (m, 1H), 2.48 (s, 3H), 2.18 (m, 1H), 1.16 (m, 4H); ESIMS m/z 509.89 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1666, 1166, 1112, 800 cm−1.


Example 18
Preparation of (E)-2-Bromo-N-(2-thioxo-2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)ethyl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzothioamide (AC90)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-bromo-N-(2-oxo-2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)ethyl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (400 mg, 0.638 mmol) in 5 mL of THF at RT was added 2,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane-2,4-disulfide (Lawesson's reagent) (336 mg, 0.830 mmol) in one portion. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 18 h. TLC showed the reaction was not complete, therefore additional Lawesson's reagent (168 mg, 0.415 mmol) was added and reaction stirred for 48 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 230-400 mesh; eluting with 20% EtOAc in hexanes) afforded the title compound as a yellow glassy oil (188 mg, 44.7%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.34 (m, 1H), 8.27 (m, 1H), 7.60 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 7.36 (dd, J=8.2, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 6.53 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (dd, J=15.9, 7.9 Hz, 1H), 4.89 (d, J=8.4, 5.5 Hz, 2H), 4.48 (qd, J=9.0, 6.0 Hz, 2H), 4.11 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 656.9 ([M−H]−).


Example 19
Preparation of (E)-2-(2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenylthioamido)-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)acetamide (AC91)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-bromo-N-(2-oxo-2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)ethyl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (400 mg, 0.638 mmol) in 5 mL of THF at RT was added Lawesson's reagent (64.5 mg, 0.160 mmol) in one portion. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 18 h, after which time, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 230-400 mesh; eluting with 20% EtOAc in hexanes) afforded the title compounds as a yellow oil (18.5 mg, 4.51%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.18 (t, J=5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 7.34 (dd, J=8.1, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (m, 2H), 6.37 (dd, J=15.9, 7.9 Hz, 1H), 4.54 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 2H), 4.12 (m, 1H), 3.99 (qd, J=8.9, 6.5 Hz, 2H); ESIMS m/z 640.9 ([M−H]−).


The following compound was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 19.


(E)-2-Bromo-N-(2-thioxo-2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)ethyl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (AC92)



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The product was isolated as a colorless oil (17.9 mg, 4.36%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.16 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (m, 3H), 7.21 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.41 (dd, J=15.9, 7.8 Hz, 1H), 4.59 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 4.45 (qd, J=9.0, 6.0 Hz, 2H), 4.12 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 640.9 ([M−H]−).


Example 106
Preparation of Ethyl(Z) 2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoate (AI76)



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The title compound was made in accordance with the procedure disclosed in Example 88 and was isolated as a yellow viscous oil (416 mg, 23%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.80 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (s, 2H), 7.12 (dd, J=8.0, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=11.4 Hz, 1H), 6.23-5.91 (m, 1H), 4.42 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 4.33-4.10 (m, 1H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −69.34 (d, J=8.3 Hz); EIMS m/z 514.10 ([M]−); IR (thin film) 2983, 1727, 1247, 1204, 1116 cm−1.


Example 107
Preparation of (Z)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid (AI77)



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To a stirred solution of (Z)-ethyl 2-bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoate (360 mg, 0.70 mmol) in CH3CN (1.0 mL) was added iodotrimethylsilane (0.28 mL, 2.8 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 20 h, allowed to cool to ambient temperature and partitioned between CH2Cl2 and aq. 10% Na2S2O3. Organic phase was washed once with aq. 10% Na2S2O3 and dried over MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo. Passing the material through a silica plug with 10% EtOAc in hexanes, followed by 20% MeOH in CH2Cl2) as the eluting solvents afforded the title compound as a yellow foam (143 mg, 42%): mp 54-64° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 11.36 (s, 1H), 7.99 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.30 (s, 2H), 7.14 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (d, J=11.4 Hz, 1H), 6.15 (t, J=10.9 Hz, 1H), 4.36-4.09 (m, 1H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −69.30.


Example 108
Preparation of (Z)-2-Bromo-N-(2-oxo-2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)ethyl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (AC95)



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To a stirred solution of (Z)-2-bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid (200 mg, 0.41 mmol) in anhydrous THF (5.0 mL) was added carbonyldiimidazole (82 mg, 0.51 mmol). The mixture was heated in a 50° C. oil bath for 1.5 h, treated with 2-amino-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)acetamide hydrochloride (109 mg, 0.057 mmol) and the resulting mixture heated to reflux for 8 h. After cooling to ambient temperature, the mixture was taken up in Et2O and washed twice with aq. 5% NaHSO4 (2×) and once with sat. NaCl (1×). After dying over MgSO4, concentration in vacuo and purification by medium pressure chromatography on silica with EtOAc/Hexanes as the eluents, the title compound was obtained as a white foam (160 mg, 41%) mp 48-61° C.: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.58 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.44-7.29 (m, 3H), 7.14 (dd, J=7.9, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=11.4 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (br s, 1H), 6.21-6.04 (m, 1H), 4.23 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.98 (qd, J=9.0, 6.5 Hz, 2H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −69.31, −72.3; EIMS m/z 626.9 ([M+1]+).


Example 109a
Preparation of (E)-2-Bromo-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (AC114)



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(E)-tert-Butyl 4-(2-bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzamido)piperidine-1-carboxylate (0.75 g, 1.11 mmol) was added to dioxane HCl (10 mL) at 0° C. and was stirred for 18 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and triturated with diethylether to afford the compound as a light brown solid (0.6 g, 88%).


Example 109b
Preparation of (E)-N-(1-Acetylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (AC103)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-bromo-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzamide (0.1 g, 0.16 mmol) in DCM (10.0 mL) was added triethylamine (0.046 mL, 0.35 mmol) and stirred for 10 min. Then acetyl chloride (0.014, 0.18 mmol) was added and stirred for 16 h at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with saturated NaHCO3 solution and brine solution. The combined DCM layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude compound. The crude compound was washed with 5% diethyl ether/n-pentane to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.054 g, 50%).


Example 110
Preparation of (E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-N-(1-(3,3,3-trifluoropropanoyl)piperidin-4-yl)benzamide (AC104)



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To a stirred solution of 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoic acid (0.02 g, 0.16 mmol) in DCM (10.0 mL), (E)-2-bromo-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzamide (0.1 g, 0.16 mmol), PYBOP (0.09 g, 0.17 mmol), and DIPEA (0.06 g, 0.48 mmol) were added at RT. The reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 5 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM. The combined DCM layer was washed with 3N HCl and saturated NaHCO3 solution, the separated DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude compound. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 2% methanol in DCM) to afford the title compound as an off white gummy material (0.035 g, 29.%).


Example 111
Preparation of (E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-N-(1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)piperidin-4-yl)benzamide (AC105)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-bromo-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzamide (0.1 g, 0.16 mmol) in THF (5.0 mL) was added triethylamine (0.06 mL, 0.64 mmol) and stirred for 10 min. Then 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl triflluoromethanesulfonate (0.03, 0.16 mmol) was added and stirred for 16 h at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with saturated NaHCO3 solution and brine solution. The combined ethyl acetate layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a brown solid (0.05 g, 44%).


Example 112
Preparation of (E)-2-Bromo-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (AC106)



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A solution of (E)-2-bromo-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzamide (0.1 g, 0.16 mmol), formaldehyde (30% in water) (0.1 mL, 0.16 mmol) and acetic acid (0.01 mL) in methanol (5.0 mL) was stirred at RT for 30 min. After that NaBH3CN (0.01 g, 0.16 mmol) was added at 0° C. and the reaction was stirred for 8 h at RT. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to obtain residue which was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with saturated aq. NaHCO3 solution and brine solution. The combined ethyl acetate layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a residue, which was triturated with diethyl ether/pentane to afford the title compound as a pale yellow gummy material (0.06 g, 59%).


Example 113
Preparation of ((E)-2-Bromo-N-(1-(cyanomethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (AC107)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-bromo-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzamide (0.25 g, 0.43 mmol) in THF (10.0 mL) was added triethylamine (0.16 mL, 1.29 mmol) and the reaction was stirred for 10 min. Then 2-bromoacetonitrile (0.07, 0.65 mmol) was added and the reaction was stirred for 8 h at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with saturated brine solution. The combined ethyl acetate layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (0.125 g, 46.8%).


Example 114
Preparation of (E)-2-Bromo-N-(1-(oxetan-3-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (AC108)



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A solution of (E)-2-bromo-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzamide (0.2 g, 0.35 mmol), oxetan-3-one (0.027 g, 0.38 mmol) and acetic acid (0.01 mL) in methanol (5.0 mL) was stirred at RT for 30 min. After that NaBH3CN (0.022 g, 0.35 mmol) was added at 0° C. slowly lot wise over the period of 10 min and the reaction was stirred for 8 h at RT. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to obtain a residue which was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with saturated NaHCO3 solution and brine solution. The combined ethyl acetate layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a residue, which was triturated with diethyl ether/pentane to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (0.05 g, 23%).


Example 115
Preparation of (E)-2-Bromo-N-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (AC109)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-bromo-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzamide (0.25 g, 0.43 mmol) in THF (10.0 mL) was added triethylamine (0.16 mL, 1.29 mmol) and the reaction was stirred for 10 min. Then 2-chloroethanol (0.05, 0.65 mmol) was added and the reaction was stirred for 8 h at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with saturated brine solution. The combined ethyl acetate layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (0.09 g, 34%).


Example 116
Preparation of (E)-2-(2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamido)acetic acid (AI78)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-tert-butyl 2-(2-bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzamido)acetate (440 mg, 0.734 mmol) in DCM (36.0 ml), was added TFA (4.0 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 1 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain residue which was washed with n-pentane to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (310 mg, 78%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 13.0 (s, 1H), 8.75 (t, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (m, 2H), 7.62 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (dd, J=15.3, 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J=15.3 Hz, 1H), 4.83 (m, 1H), 3.90 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 2H); ESIMS m/z 543.61 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3429, 1635, 1114, 772 cm−1.


Example 117
Preparation of (E)-N-((6-Chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-methylbenzothioamide (AC115)



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To the stirred solution of (E)-N-((6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-methylbenzamide (0.06 g, 0.117 mmol) in toluene (3 mL) was added Lawesson's reagent (0.14 g, 0.351 mmol) and the reaction was irradiated at 100° C. for 1 h, then cooled to RT and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide crude compound. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC to afford the product as yellow color solid (0.03 g, 49%).


Example 118
Preparation of (E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-N-(2-oxo-2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)ethyl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzamide (AC116)



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Step 1. 2-(Trifluoromethoxy)-4-vinylbenzoic acid (AI79)

To a stirred solution of 4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid (1 g, 3.67 mmol) in DMSO (20 mL) was added potassium vinyltrifluoroborate (1.47 g, 11.02 mmol) and potassium carbonate (1.52 g, 11.02 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min Bistriphenylphosphine(diphenylphosphinoferrocene)palladium dichloride (0.13 g, 0.18 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (100 mL), extracted with ethyl acetate (2×50 mL), washed with brine, and dried over Na2SO4. Concentration under reduced pressure furnished the crude compound which was purified by flash column chromatography to afford the product as pale yellow gummy material (0.4 g, 47%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.05 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (s, 1H), 6.78 (dd, J=17.4.1, 11.1 Hz, 1H), 5.92 (d, J=17.4 Hz, 1H), 5.51 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 232.97 ([M+H]+).


Step 2. (E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid (AI80)

To a stirred solution of 2-(trifluoromethoxy)-4-vinylbenzoic acid (0.356 g, 1.53 mmol) in 1N methyl pyrrolidine (5.0 mL) was added 1-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3,5-dichloro 4-fluorobenzene (1.0 g, 3.07 mmol), copper(I) chloride (CuCl; 0.03 g, 0.307 mmol) and 2,2 bipyridyl (0.095 g, 0.614 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 150° C. for 1 h. After the reaction was complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was diluted with water (100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude compound which was purified by flash column chromatography to afford the product as pale yellow gummy material (0.3 g, 21%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.08 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (s, 3H), 6.63 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.50 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.15 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 474.81 ([M−H]−).


Step 3. (E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-N-(2-oxo-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)ethyl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzamide (AC116)

A mixture of (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid (0.25 g, 0.52 mmol), 2-amino-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)acetamide (0.158 g, 0.62 mmol), PyBOP (0.40 g, 0.78 mmol) and DIPEA (0.134 g, 1.04 mmol) in DCM (10.0 mL) were stirred at RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with DCM. The combined DCM layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 20% ethyl acetate/pet ether) afforded the title compound as a pale yellow gummy material (0.15 g, 47%).


The following molecules were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 118, Step 2:


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dibromophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-methylbenzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown solid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.90 (bs, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.78-7.75 (m, 3H), 7.47-7.41 (m, 2H), 6.89 (dd, J=15.6, 9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.72 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.80-4.75 (m, 1H), 2.33 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 474.90 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3437, 1689, 1165, 579 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dibromophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown solid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.5 (bs, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.95-7.85 (m, 4H), 7.81 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (dd, J=15.6, 9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.86-4.79 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 528.82 ([M−H]+); IR (thin film) 3437, 1707, 1153, 555 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.90 (bs, 1H), 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.84 (s, 2H), 7.74 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (dd, J=15.6, 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.80-4.78 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 538.74 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3424, 1695, 1168, 578 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.3 (bs, 1H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.82-7.77 (m, 2H), 7.72-7.66 (m, 2H), 7.59 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (dd, J=15.6, 9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.94-4.90 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 469.02 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3444, 1704, 1172, 513 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-bromobenzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown solid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.98 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 2H), 7.73 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.42-7.40 (m, 1H), 6.62 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.40-4.30 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 518.94 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3447, 1705, 1171, 526 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.50 (bs, 1H), 7.97-7.87 (m, 3H), 7.78-7.61 (m, 4H), 7.08 (dd, J=15.9, 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.97-4.84 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 518.94 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3447, 1705, 1171, 526 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a pale yellow gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.9 (s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.96-7.91 (m, 3H), 7.72 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.63-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.11 (dd, J=15.9, 9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.98-4.91 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 484.94 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3444, 1705, 1171, 764 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.00 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.61-7.59 (m, 2H), 7.41 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.30-7.24 (m, 1H), 6.59 (dd, J=16.2, 6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.48 (d, J=16.5 Hz, 1H), 4.26-4.21 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 469.0 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3444, 1699, 1327 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trifluorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.60 (bs, 1H), 7.97 (s, 2H), 7.72 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.41-7.31 (m, 2H), 7.04 (dd, J=15.6, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.71 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.15-4.11 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 438.8 ([M+H]+).


(E)-4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.00 (s, 1H), 7.93 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.63-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.47-7.44 (m, 1H), 7.02-7.01 (m, 1H), 5.10-4.90 (m, 1H).


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum and the crude acid was taken on directly to the next step: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.65 (bs, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.62-7.59 (m, 2H), 7.50 (dd, J=15.6, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.95 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.86-4.74 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 436.92 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3445, 1641, 1116 cm−1.


(E)-4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.6 (s, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.96 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 3H), 7.83 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.17-7.03 (m, 2H), 5.16-5.05 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 476.9 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3436, 1651, 1116, 661 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.4 (s, 1H), 7.99 (d, J=10.2 Hz, 3H), 7.76 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.09-6.91 (m, 2H), 5.11-5.05 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 486.8 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3436, 1651, 1115, 737 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(4-Chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum and the crude acid was taken on directly to the next step: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 13.80 (bs, 1H), 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.94-7.81 (m, 5H), 7.75-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.06 (dd, J=15.9, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 5.02-4.81 (m, 1H).


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 13.50 (bs, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.00-7.77 (m, 3H), 7.75-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.63-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.03 (dd, J=15.9, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 5.04-4.91 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 462.16 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3428, 1697, 1113, 749 cm−1.


(E)-4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.92 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.80-7.75 (m, 1H), 7.27 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 6.96 (dd, J=15.6, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.68-4.56 (m, 1H), 2.23 (s, 6H); ESIMS m/z 419.03 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3445, 2928, 1713, 1146 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.74 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.61-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.26 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 6.93 (dd, J=15.9, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.59-4.53 (m, 1H), 2.23 (s, 6H); ESIMS m/z 428.97 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3473, 1701, 1111, 581 cm−1.


(E)-4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.58 (bs, 1H), 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.92-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.37 (m, 1H), 7.22-7.16 (m, 1H), 7.04 (dd, J=15.9, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.70-4.60 (m, 1H), 4.04-3.99 (m, 1H), 2.26 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 405.05 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3437, 1710, 1145 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.39 (bs, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.72 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.61-7.58 (m 1H), 7.47-7.44 (m, 1H), 7.38-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.18 (t, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.95 (dd, J=15.6, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.67-4.61 (m, 1H), 2.25 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 415.0 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3435, 2989, 1700, 1260 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropent-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown semi solid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.70 (bs, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (J=1.6 Hz, 2H), 7.66 (t, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (dd, J=15.6, 9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.86-4.78 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 491.0 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3446, 1712, 1141, 749 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropent-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.70 (s, 2H), 7.65-7.64 (m, 1H), 7.56-7.52 (m, 2H), 6.94 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (d, J=16 Hz, 1H), 4.82-4.80 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 500.8 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3422, 1683, 1184, 750, 575 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3,4-Dibromophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.5 (bs, 1H), 8.01-7.99 (m, 2H), 7.94-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.85-7.78 (m, 2H), 7.53-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.09 (dd, J=15.6, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.78 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 528.8 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3437, 1722, 1168 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3,4-dibromophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.38 (bs, 1H), 7.98-7.96 (m, 2H), 7.84 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.63-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.51-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.01 (dd, J=15.9, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.82-4.76 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 538.8 ([(M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3446, 1699, 1166, 581 cm−1.


(E)-4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown semi solid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.63-7.55 (m, 3H), 7.41 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (dd, J=15.6, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.89-4.82 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 456.98 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3413, 1668, 1161 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown solid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.59 (m, 3H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 6.88 (dd, J=15.6, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.82 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 466.93 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3437, 1703, 1111 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3-Cyano-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.60 (bs, 1H), 8.21-8.19 (m, 1H), 8.01-7.91 (m, 3H), 7.81 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (dd, J=15.9, 8.1 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.92-4.86 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 416.27 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3429, 2238, 1713, 1116 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3-cyano-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.56 (bs, 1H), 8.21-8.18 (m, 1H), 8.00-7.95 (m, 2H), 7.73-7.59 (m, 3H), 7.03 (dd, J=15.9, 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (d, J=15.3 Hz, 1H), 4.87-4.84 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 426.0 ([M−H]−).


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.4 (s, 1H), 7.96 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.74-7.68 (m, 2H), 7.63 (dd, J=8.1, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (dd, J=8.4, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (dd, J=15.9, 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (dd, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.84-4.78 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 451.0 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3445, 1704, 1113, 740 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown solid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.50 (bs, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.86-7.64 (m, 5H), 7.06 (dd, J=15.9, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.78 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 485.17 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3438, 1708, 1114, 774, 516 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3-bromo-5-chlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.38 (bs, 1H), 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.80-7.72 (m, 4H), 7.64-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.06 (dd, J=15.9, 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.88-4.80 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 495.05 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3436, 1699, 1116, 750, 531 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3-Bromo-5-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.6 (bs, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.91-7.89 (m, 1H), 7.81 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.63-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.55 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (dd, J=15.9, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.87-4.80 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 469.07 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3428, 1712, 1171, 523 cm−1.


(E)-4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a yellow solid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.18-8.03 (m, 2H), 7.49 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.42 (s, 2H), 6.66 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.47 (dd, J=15.9, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (p, J=8.6 Hz, 1H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −68.65; ESIMS m/z 409.1 ([M−H]−).


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.30 (bs, 1H), 7.93 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (dd, J=1.5, 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (s, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (dd, J=15.6, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.73-4.61 (m, 1H), 2.35 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 431.77 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3435, 1701, 1111, 750 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3-Chloro-4-methylphenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.50 (bs, 1H), 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.92 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (s, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (dd, J=15.6, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.66 (m, 1H), 2.35 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 421.82 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3460, 2926, 1712, 1170, 750 cm−1.


(E)-4-(4,4,5,5,5-Pentafluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)pent-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a dark brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.6 (bs, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.95-7.86 (m, 3H), 7.81 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (dd, J=15.3, 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.95-4.88 (m, 1H); 19F NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ −80.35, −58.02; ESIMS m/z 526.8 ([M+H]+).


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)pent-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a dark brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.6 (bs, 1H), 7.94 (s, 2H), 7.78 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J=7.5 Hz 1H), 7.07 (dd, J=15.0, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.93-4.78 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 538.9 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3420, 1602, 1123, 746 cm−1.


(E)-2-Bromo-4-(3-(4-cyano-3,5-difluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown gum: ESIMS m/z 443.91 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3447, 2244, 1703, 1114 cm−1.


(E)-2-Chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a brown liquid: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.39 (bs, 1H), 7.95-7.70 (m, 5H), 7.61 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (dd, J=15.6, 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.84-4.78 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 496.77 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3439, 2920, 1707, 1165 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as an off white solid: mp 140-143° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 13.60 (bs, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.94-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.88-7.86 (m, 2H), 7.81-7.79 (m, 1H), 7.12 (dd, J=15.6, 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.86-4.81 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 458.88 ([M−H]−).


(E)-4-(3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated as a light orange crystalline solid (875 mg, 88%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 12.35 (s, 1H), 8.08 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.55-7.41 (m, 4H), 7.24 (dd, J=8.3, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 6.64 (d, J=15.8 Hz, 1H), 6.51 (dd, J=15.9, 7.7 Hz, 1H), 4.15 (p, J=8.7 Hz, 1H); 19F NMR 376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −68.75; ESIMS m/z 375 ([M+H]+).


(E)-4-(3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.6 (s, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.93-7.89 (m, 2H), 7.80 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J=8.4, Hz, 1H), 7.58 (dd, J=8.4, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (dd, J=15.6, 8.8, Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J=15.6, Hz, 1H), 4.86-4.81 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 441.0 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3447, 1710, 1169, 749 cm−1.


(E)-4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid



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The title molecule was isolated was isolated as a brown gum: 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.6 (bs, 1H), 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.91 (d, J=7.8 Hz 1H), 7.75-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.10 (dd, J=15.6, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J=15.9 Hz 1H), 4.86-4.80 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 441.1 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3460, 2928, 1721, 1170, 764 cm−1.


Example 20
Preparation of 5-Vinyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (BI1)



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To a stirred solution of 5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (5 g, 23.7 mmol) in toluene were added vinylboronic anhydride pyridine complex (8.55 g, 35.54 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (0.1 g, 0.094 mmol), K2CO3 (22.88 g, 165.83 mmol). The resultant reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C. and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with EtOAc and washed with H2O and brine. The combined organic extracts were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 5% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a solid (1.8 g, 48%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.74 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (br s, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.82 (m, 1H), 5.90 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 3.20 (m, 2H), 2.70 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 159.06 ([M+H]−).


The following compound was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 20.


6-Vinyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (BI2)



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The product was isolated as an off-white solid (5 g, 48%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.85 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (m, 2H), 6.82 (m, 1H), 6.02 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 5.44 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 2.95 (m, 2H), 2.60 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 173.14 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1681 cm−1.


Example 21
Preparation of (E)-5-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (BI3)



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5-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (4 g, 11.7 mmol), 5-vinyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (0.92 g, 5.8 mmol), CuCl (0.115 g, 1.171 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (0.053 g, 0.34 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (25 mL) were heated at 180° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C. and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 5% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a liquid (1.28 g, 25%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.76 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (m, 3H), 6.68 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (m, 1H), 4.18 (m, 1H), 3.18 (m, 2H), 2.75 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 419.14 ([M+H]−); IR (thin film) 1708.94, 1113.60, 807.77 cm−1.


The following compound was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 21.


(E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (BI4)



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The product was isolated as a brown semi-solid (1.2 g, 16%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.76 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (m, 3H), 7.30 (s, 1H), 6.68 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (m, 1H), 4.18 (m, 1H), 3.18 (m, 2H), 2.75 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 400.84 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 815, 1113, 1709 cm−1.


(E)-6-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (BI5)



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The product was isolated as a pale yellow semi solid (1.2 g, 30%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.20 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (s, 2H), 7.35 (m, 1H), 7.24 (m, 2H), 6.62 (d, J=16 Hz, 1H), 6.46 (m, 1H), 4.18 (m, 1H), 2.95 (m, 2H), 2.65 (m, 2H), 2.19 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 432.94 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1680, 1113, 808 cm−1.


Example 22
Preparation of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (BI6)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (0.5 g, 1.24 mmol) in acetonitrile (20 mL), was added Selectfluor® (0.52 g, 1.48 mmol) and the reaction was heated to reflux temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, concentrated under reduced pressure and diluted with DCM. The solution was washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the crude product which was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 15% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a pale yellow semi solid (0.1 g, 24%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.80 (m, 1H), 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 6.65 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.54 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.38 (m, 1H), 4.18 (m, 1H), 3.62 (m, 1H), 3.32 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 419.06 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1728, 1114, 817 cm−1.


Example 23
Preparation of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-N-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine (BC10)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (0.15 g, 0.35 mmol) in DCE (10 mL), was added trifluoropropyl amine (0.048 g, 0.42 mmol) and sodium cyanoborohydride (0.055 g, 0.875 mmol) in cooling and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCE, was washed with water and brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Concentration under reduced pressure gave the crude compound, which was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 10-15% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a colorless gummy material (0.042 g, 24%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.38-7.20 (m, 5H), 6.62 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.34 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.83 (br, 1H), 5.52 (m, 1H), 4.12 (m, 1H), 3.02 (m, 3H), 2.82 (m, 1H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 1.82 (m, 1H), 1.42 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 497.98 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3027, 1654, 815 cm−1.


Example 24
Preparation of 6-((E)-4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one oxime (BI5a)



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To a stirred solution of ((E)-6-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (0.4 g, 0.92 mmol) in EtOH (50 mL) were added hydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.128 g, 1.85 mmol) and sodium acetate (0.23 g, 2.77 mmol), and the reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the crude compound, which was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 10-15% EtOAc in petroleum ether). The title compound was isolated as a solid (0.3 g, 73%): mp 155-158° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.89 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (s, 2H), 7.24 (m, 1H), 7.17 (m, 1H), 6.57 (d, J=16 Hz, 1H), 6.46 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (m, 1H), 2.82 (m, 4H), 2.04 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 445.95 ([M−H]−).


Example 25
Preparation of (E)-5-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine (BI5b)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (1 g, 2.39 mmol) in CH3OH (10 mL) were added ammonium acetate (1.84 g, 23.9 mmol) and sodium cyanoborohydride (NaCNBH3; 0.44 g, 7.17 mmol,) and the reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic extracts were washed with H2O and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (satd aq NaHCO3) solution, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a liquid (500 mg, crude): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.85 (s, 2H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.30 (s, 2H), 6.71 (s, 2H), 4.78 (m, 1H), 4.2 (m, 1H), 2.80 (m, 1H), 2.73 (m, 1H), 1.60 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 419.02 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2924, 1552, 1112, 807 cm−1.


The following compound was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 25.


(E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine (BP)



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The product was isolated as a light brown gummy material, taken as such to the next step (0.15 g, crude compound): ESIMS m/z 401.97 ([M−H]−).


(E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine (BI8)



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The product was isolated as a light brown gummy material, taken as such to the next step (0.15 g, crude compound): ESIMS m/z 420.15 ([M−H]−).


(E)-6-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-amine (BI9)



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The product was isolated as a pale yellow liquid (500 mg crude).


Example 26
Preparation of (E)-1-Methyl-3-(5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-but-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)thiourea (BC1)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine (0.1 g, 0.23 mmol) in Et2O (5 mL) was added methylisothiocyanate (0.026 g, 0.35 mmol), and the mixture was stirred for 2 h at 25° C. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 20% EtOAc in petroleum ether). The title compound was isolated as a liquid (65 mg, 50%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.39 (s, 2H), 7.25-7.18 (m, 3H), 6.58 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.30 (dd, J=16.0, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 5.91-5.70 (br, 2H), 4.05 (m, 1H), 3.05-2.80 (m, 6H), 2.70 (m, 1H), 1.81 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 492.17 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3211, 1569, 1113, 806 cm−1.


Compounds BC2-BC3 in Table 1 were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 26.


Example 27
Preparation of (E)-3,3,3-Trifluoro-N-(5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)propanamide (BC4)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine (0.1 g, 0.23 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (10 mL) were added trifluoropropionic acid (0.044 g, 0.34 mmol), EDC.HCl (0.038 g, 0.35 mmol), HOBt.H2O (0.07 g, 0.46 mmol) and DIEA (0.074 g, 0.57 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at 25° C. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2 and washed with H2O. The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 15% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a liquid (65 mg, 65%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.39 (s, 2H), 7.25-7.20 (m, 3H), 6.34 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.30 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.81 (br, 1H), 5.48 (m, 1H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 3.10 (m, 2H), 2.86-3.07 (m, 2H), 2.86 (m, 1H), 1.81 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 529.02 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3283, 1652, 1241, 811 cm−1.


Compounds BC5-BC9, BC11 in Table 1 were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 27.


Example 28
Preparation of tert-Butyl 5-vinylindoline-1-carboxylate (BI10)



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Step 1. 5-Bromo-indoline (BI11)

To 5-Bromo-1H-indole (2.5 g, 12.82 mmol) in acetic acid (10.0 mL), NaCNBH3 (2.38 g, 38.46 mmol) was added portion wise at 10° C. over the period of 20 min. After that the reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 3 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with diethyl ether. The organic layer was washed with saturated NaHCO3, water and brine solution. The combined ether layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford title compound as a pale yellow semi-solid (1.8 g, 71%).


Step 2. tert-Butyl-5-bromoindoline-1-carboxylate (BI12)

To a stirred solution of 5-bromo-indoline (3.0 g, 15 mmol) in acetonitrile (100 ml), was added DMAP (0.185 g, 1.522 mmol) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (3.98 g, 18.3 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated on reduced pressure to obtain a residue which was diluted with diethyl ether and washed with water and brine solution (2×). The combined ether layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude product as an off-white solid, which was used in the next step without further purification (3.0 g).


Step 3. tert-Butyl-5-vinylindoline-1-carboxylate (BI10)

A stirred solution of tert-butyl-5-bromoindoline-1-carboxylate (2.0 g, 6.73 mmol), potassium vinyl trifluoroborate (2.6 g, 20.20 mmol) and K2CO3 (2.78 g, 20.2 mmol) in DMSO (50.0 mL) was degassed with argon for 20 min at RT. PdCl2(dppf) (0.49 g, 0.67 mmol) was added at RT, then the reaction mixture was heated to 100° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and filtered through a celite bed under vacuum and washed with diethyl ether. The reaction mixture was extracted with diethyl ether. The combined diethyl ether layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude product. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 2% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (1.2 g, 73%): Mp 85.5-88.6° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.23 (m, 3H), 6.69 (dd, J=17.4, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.64 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 5.13 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 4.00 (t, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 3.10 (t, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 1.55 (bs, 9H).


Example 29
Preparation of (E)-tert-Butyl 5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)indoline-1-carboxylate (BI13)



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To a stirred solution of tert-butyl-5-vinylindoline-1-carboxylate (1.28 g, 5.23 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (10.0 mL), was added 5-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,3-dichloro-2-fluorobenzene (3.4 g, 10 mmol), CuCl (103 mg, 1.05 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (0.326 g, 2.092 mmol) and the resultant reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and heated to 150° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 2% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a pale yellow gummy solid (0.3 g, 61%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.34 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 7.22 (s, 2H), 7.16 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.21 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.07 (m, 3H), 3.10 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 1.55 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 433.79 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1168, 858 cm−1.


Example 30
Preparation of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)indolin-1-amine (BI14)



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Step 1. (E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)indoline (BI15)

To a stirred solution of (E)-tert-butyl-5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)indoline-1-carboxylate (0.2 g, 0.4 mmol) in DCM (10.0 mL) was added TFA (0.6 mL) and the reaction was stirred at RT for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM, washed with saturated aq NaHCO3, water and brine solution. The separated DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude product as a light brown gummy material which was used in the next step without further purification (0.12 g): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.33 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 7.21 (s, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.49 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.21 (dd, J=15.6, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.07 (m, 1H), 3.61 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 3.05 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 2H); ESIMS m/z 389.89 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3385, 1112, 816 cm−1.


Step 2. 5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-1-nitrosoindoline (BI16)

To (E)-5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)indoline (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol) in concentrated HCl (5.0 ml) at 5° C., was added slowly NaNO2 in water and the reaction was allowed to stir at RT for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM, and the DCM layer washed with water and brine solution. The separated DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude product as a pale yellow solid that was used in the next step without further purification (0.2 g): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.33 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (m, 4H), 6.61 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.35 (dd, J=16.0, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.07 (m, 3H), 3.23 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 2H); ESIMS m/z 418.82 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1488, 1112, 860 cm−1.


Step 3. (E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)indolin-1-amine (BI14)

To (E)-5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-1-nitrosoindoline (0.1 g, 0.2 mmol) in methanol (10.0 mL) was added zinc powder (77.5 mg) and NH4Cl (36.9 mg, 0.69 mmol) in water (2.0 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 3 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and the DCM layer was washed with water and brine solution. The separated DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude compound, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 2% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a light brown gummy material (0.08 g): ESIMS m/z 404.86 ([M+H]+).


Example 31
Preparation of (E)-N-(5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)indolin-1-yl)-3,3,3-trifluoropropanamide (BC12)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)indoline-1-amine (0.1 g, 0.247 mmol) in DCM (10.0 ml) was added 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoic acid (0.038 g, 0.297 mmol), PyBOP (0.192 g, 0.370 mmol) and DIEA (0.047 g, 0.370 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at RT for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM, and the separated DCM layer dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude compound. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 20-25% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a light brown gummy material (0.12 g, 33%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.32, (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H) 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=8.0, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=8.8, 1H), 6.70 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (m, 2H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 3.85 (m, 1H), 3.65 (m, 1H), 3.46 (m, 2H), 3.19 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 514.86 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3428, 1112, 857 cm−1.


Example 32
Preparation of tert-Butyl-5-vinyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (BI17)



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Step 1. 5-Vinyl-1H-indole (BI18)

A mixture of 5-bromo-1H-indole (2.5 g, 12.82 mmol), potassium vinyltrifluoroborate (2.57 g, 19.2 mmol), Cs2CO3 (12.53 g, 38.46 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (201 mg, 0.769 mmol) in THF/water (9:1, 75 ml) was degassed with argon for 20 min, then charged with PdCl2 (45.3 mg, 0.256 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 16 h, then cooled to RT, filtered through celite bed and washed with ethyl acetate. The filtrate was again extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic layer washed with water and brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude compound. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 2% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a light brown gummy material (1.5 g, 83%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.20 (br, 1H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.45 (s, 2H), 7.21 (m, 1H), 6.90 (dd, J=16.0, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (m, 1H), 5.75 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 5.21 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 142.05 ([M−H]−).


Step 2. tert-Butyl-5-vinyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (BI17)

To a stirred solution of 5-vinyl-1H-indole (0.7 g, 4.89 mmol) in acetonitrile (20 ml) was added DMAP (59.65 mg, 0.489 mmol) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1.38 g, 6.36 mmol), and the reaction was stirred at RT for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a residue which was diluted with DCM and washed with water and brine solution. The combined DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude compound. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 2% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as an off-white semi-solid (0.7 g, 59%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.15 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (s, 2H), 7.30 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (m, 1H), 6.90 (dd, J=16.0, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 5.75 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 5.21 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 1.65 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 242.10 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1630 cm−1.


Example 33
Preparation of (E)-tert-Butyl 5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (BI19)



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To a stirred solution of tert-butyl 5-vinyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.65 g, 2.67 mmol), in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (10.0 mL) was added 5-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,3-dichloro-2-fluorobenzene (1.74 g, 5.37 mmol), CuCl (53 mg, 0.537 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (167 mg, 1.07 mmol). The resultant reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and heated to 150° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and filtered, and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 2% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a light brown gummy material (0.25 g, 10%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.20 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.39 (m, 3H), 6.69 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 1.65 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 485.91 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1165, 854 cm−1.


Example 34
Preparation of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-1H-indole (BI20)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-tert-butyl 5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.2 g, 0.40 mmol) in DCM (10.0 mL) was added TFA (70 mg, 0.61 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at RT for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with saturated NaHCO3 solution, water and brine solution. The separated DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a light brown solid (0.2 g, 97%): mp 132.9-138.8° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 11.19 (br, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.39 (m, 3H), 6.69 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 387.98 ([M+H]+).


Example 35
Preparation of 4-Nitrophenyl 2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)acetate (BI21)



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To a stirred solution of 4-nitrophenol (1.0 g, 7.19 mmol) in DCM (20.0 mL) was added N-Boc glycine (1.38 g, 7.91 mmol) and EDC HCl (2.05 g, 10.785 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at RT for 24 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with water and saturated brine solution. The separated DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a light brown gummy material that was used in the next step without further purification (1.1 g): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.29 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 2H), 7.33 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 5.07 (br, 1H), 4.20 (s, 2H), 1.47 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 296.27 ([M+H]+).


Example 36
Preparation of (E)-tert-Butyl(2-(5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-1H-indol-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)carbamate (BI22)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-1H-indole (0.1 g, 0.258 mmol) in acetonitrile (5.0 mL) was added 4-nitrophenyl 2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino) acetate (0.114 g, 0.387 mmol), potassium fluoride (0.03 g, 0.516 mmol), 18-crown-6-ether (0.075 g, 0.283 mmol) and DIEA (0.0332 g, 0.258 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated to obtain a residue which was diluted with DCM and washed with water and brine solution. The separated DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude title compound as a light brown gummy material which was used in the next step without further purification (0.1 g): ESIMS m/z 545.23 ([M+H]+).


Example 37
Preparation of (E)-N-(2-(5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-1H-indol-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)-3,3,3-trifluoropropanamide (BC13)



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Step 1. (E)-2-amino-1-(5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-1H-indol-1-yl)ethanone (BI23)

To a stirred solution of (E)-tert-butyl 2-(5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-1H-indol-1-yl)-2-oxoethylcarbamate (0.05 g, 0.09 mmol) in DCM (5.0 mL) was added TFA (0.01 mL) and the reaction was stirred at RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with saturated NaHCO3 solution, water and brine solution. The separated DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude title compound which was used in the next step without further purification (50 mg).


Step 2. (E)-N-(2-(5-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-1H-indol-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)-3,3,3-trifluoropropanamide (BC13)

To a stirred solution of (E)-2-amino-1-(5-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-1H-indol-1-yl) ethanone (0.04 g, 0.09 mmol) in DCM (5.0 ml) was added 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoic acid (17.5 mg, 0.136 mmol), PyBOP (70 mg, 0.135 mmol) and DIEA (29 mg, 0.225 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM, and the DCM layer was washed with water and saturated brine solution. The separated DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude compound, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 10% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (30 mg, 60%): mp 121-126° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.33 (br, 1H), 7.59 (s, 1H), 7.45 (m, 4H), 6.72 (d, J=3.6 Hz, 3H), 6.39 (m, 1H), 4.71 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 3.51 (m, 1H), 3.28 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 553.06 ([M−H]−).


Example 38
Preparation of Ethyl 2-(1-oxo-6-vinylphthalazin-2(1H)-yl)acetate (BI24)



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Step 1. 5-Bromo-3-hydroxyisoindoline-1-one (BI25)

A mixture of Zn powder (1.73 g, 26.154 mmol), copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate (0.02 g, 0.08 mmol) and 2M aq NaOH (27 mL) were cooled to 0° C. 5-Bromoisoindoline-1,3-dione (5 g, 22 mmol) was added at the same temperature over the period of 30 min. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 min and 3 h at RT. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate was neutralized with concentrated HCl. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethanol and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined ethyl acetate layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude title compound as a brown solid, which was used in the next step without further purification (1.3 g): mp 258-261° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.03 (br, 1H), 7.81 (m, 2H), 7.69 (m, 1H), 6.44 (m, 1H), 5.88 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 225.83 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1684, 3246, 606 cm−1.


Step 2. 6-Bromophthalazine-1(2H)-one (BI26)

To a stirred solution of 5-bromo-3-hydroxyisoindoline-1-one (1.0 g, 4.40 mmol) in water, was added hydrazine hydrate (0.45 g, 8.80 mmol) and heated to 95° C. for 5 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, filtered and washed with diethyl ether and pentane (1:1) to afford the title compound as a white solid that was used in the next step without further purification (0.5 g): ESIMS m/z 225.15 ([M+H]+).


Step 3. 6-Vinylphthalazine-1(2H)-one (BI27)

A solution of 6-bromophthalazine-1(2H)-one (0.25 g, 1.11 mmol), potassium vinyl trifluoroborate (0.446 g, 3.33 mmol) and K2CO3 (0.46 g, 3.33 mmol) in DMSO (2 mL) was degassed with argon for 20 min at RT. PdCl2(dppf) (0.04 g, 0.055 mmol) was added at RT, and the reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and filtered through celite bed under vacuum and washed with ethyl acetate. The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined ethyl acetate layer dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude product. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 50% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a brown solid (0.12 g, 63%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.61 (br, 1H), 8.33 (m, 1H), 8.19 (m, 1H), 8.01 (m, 2H), 6.97 (m, 1H), 6.15 (m, 1H), 5.56 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 172.93 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1748, 1655, 3241 cm−1.


Step 4. Ethyl-2-(1-oxo-6-vinylphthalazine-2(1H)-yl acetate (BI24)

To a stirred solution of 6-vinylphthalazine-1(2H)-one (0.5 g, 2.90 mmol) in DMF (5.0 mL) was added Cs2CO3 (0.94 g, 2.90 mmol) and the reaction was stirred for 10 min Ethyl bromoacetate (0.48 g, 2.90 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture at RT and the reaction was stirred for 8 h at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted and extracted with ethyl acetate, and the ethyl acetate layer was washed with water and brine solution (2×). The separated ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude product. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 25% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a brown solid (0.34 g, 45%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.45 (m, 1H), 8.24 (m, 1H), 8.04 (m, 2H), 7.01 (m, 1H), 6.17 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 5.56 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.92 (s, 2H), 4.19 (m, 2H), 1.23 (m, 3H). ESIMS m/z 259.10 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1750, 1660 cm−1.


Example 39
Preparation of (E)-Ethyl 2-(6-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-1-oxophthalazin-2(1H)-yl)acetate (BI28)



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To a stirred solution of ethyl-2-(1-oxo-6-vinylphthalazine-2(1H)-yl acetate (0.07 g, 0.27 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1.0 mL) was added 5-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,3-dichloro-2fluorobenzene (0.17 g, 0.54 mmol), CuCl (0.005 g, 0.05 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (0.016 g, 0.10 mmol) and the resultant reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and heated to 180° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and filtered and the filtrated was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 10-15% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a brown solid (40 mg, 29%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.40 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 6.76 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.96 (s, 2H), 4.29 (m, 3H), 1.31 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 503.0 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1660, 1114, 817 cm−1.


Example 40
Preparation of (E)-2-(6-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-1-oxophthalazin-2(1H)-yl)acetic acid (BI29)



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A solution of (E)-ethyl-2-(6-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-1-oxophthalazin-2(1H)-yl) acetate (0.04 g, 0.07 mmol) in HCl (0.5 mL) and acetic acid (0.5 mL) was heated to 100° C. for 3 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue diluted with water. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate and the separated ethyl acetate layer dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude compound. The crude compound was triturated with diethyl ether-pentane mixture to afford the title compound as a brown solid (0.03 g): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.0 (br s, 1H), 8.43 (m, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (m, 2H), 7.91 (m, 2H), 7.16 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 4.96 (m, 3H),; ESIMS m/z 473.0 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1629, 1168, 817 cm−1.


Example 41
Preparation of (E)-2-(6-(3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-1-oxophthalazin-2(1H)-yl)-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)acetamide (BC14)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-(6-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)-1-oxophthalazin-2(1H)-yl)acetic acid (0.15 g, 0.31 mmol) in DCM (20.0 ml) was added 2,2,2,-trifluoroethanamine (0.03 g, 0.31 mmol), PyBOP (0.17 g, 0.34 mmol) and DIEA (0.15 ml, 0.93 mmol) at RT, and the reaction was stirred for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with 3N HCl (2×20 mL), NaHCO3 (2×20 mL) and brine solution (2×). The separated DCM layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude compound. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 20-25% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a brown solid (0.11 g): mp 172-175° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.83 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 8.42 (t, J=14.7 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.98-7.86 (m, 2H), 7.16-7.07 (m, 1H), 7.01-6.93 (m, 1H), 4.96-4.81 (m, 3H), 4.00-3.88 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 554.0 ([M−H]−).


Example 42
Preparation of 2-(4-Vinylbenzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CH)



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To a stirred solution of 1-(chloromethyl)-4-vinylbenzene (10 g, 66 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) was added potassium phthalimide (13.3 g, 72.1 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with CHCl3. The combined CHCl3 layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Recrystallization from CH3OH afforded the title compound as an off-white solid (8 g, 46%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.83 (m, 2H), 7.71 (m, 2H), 7.39 (m, 4H), 6.65 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.72 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.21 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (s, 2H); GCMS m/z 263.2 ([M]+); IR (thin film) 3420, 1133, 718 cm−1.


Example 43
Preparation of (E)-2-(4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CU)



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Using the procedure of Example 10 with 2-(4-vinylbenzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione and 1-(1-bromoethyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzene as the starting materials, the title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (0.3 g, 40-50%): mp 142-145° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.86 (m, 2H), 7.74 (m, 2H), 7.42 (m, 2H), 7.36 (m, 3H), 7.27 (m, 2H), 6.58 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.32 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (s, 2H), 4.05 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 488.17 ([M−H]−).


The following compound was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 43.


(E)-2-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI3)



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The title compound was isolated as an off white solid (0.3 g, 56%): mp 145-146° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.86 (m, 2H), 7.74 (m, 2H), 7.42-7.31 (m, 6H), 6.58 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.53 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (s, 2H), 4.05 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 522.2 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1716, 1110, 712 cm−1.


Prophetically, compounds CI4-CI5 (Table 1) could be made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 43.


Example 44
Preparation of (E)-(4-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine (CI6)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-(4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-isoindoline-1,3-dione (1.2 g, 2.45 mmol) in EtOH was added hydrazine hydrate (0.61 g, 12 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was heated at 90° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2, washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude title compound as a gummy liquid (0.9 g) which was used without further purification.


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 44.


(E)-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine (CI7)



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The title compound was isolated and used without further purification.


Prophetically, compounds CI8-CI9 (Table 1) could be made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 44.


Example 45
Preparation of 4-(Bromomethyl)-3-chlorobenzonitrile (CHO)



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To a stirred solution of 3-chloro-4-methylbenzonitrile (5 g, 25.4 mmol) in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4; 50 mL) under an argon atmosphere was added NBS (5.16 g, 29 mmol), and the mixture was degassed for 30 min. To this was added azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN; 0.3 g, 1.8 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 4 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, washed with H2O, and extracted with CH2Cl2. The combined CH2Cl2 layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 5% EtOAc in n-Hexane) to afford the title compound as a white solid (4.8 g, 68%): mp 87-88° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.59 (s, 2H), 4.60 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 229.77 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2235, 752, 621 cm−1.


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 45.


4-(Bromomethyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile (CI11)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white gummy material (5 g, 66%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.62 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 262.11 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 2236, 1132, 617 cm−1.


3-Bromo-4-(bromomethyl)benzonitrile (CI12)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (5 g, 67%): mp 82-83° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.61 (m, 2H), 4.62 (s, 2H); EIMS m/z 272.90; IR (thin film) 2229, 618 cm−1.


4-(Bromomethyl)-3-fluorobenzonitrile (CI13)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (2 g, 60%): mp 79-81° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.54 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (dd, J=8.0 Hz, 8.0, 1H), 7.38 (dd, J=5 Hz, 1H), 4.5 (s, 2H); EIMS m/z 215.


Example 46
Preparation of 4-(Bromomethyl)-3-chlorobenzaldehyde (CI14)



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To a stirred solution of 4-(bromomethyl)-3-chlorobenzonitrile (4.8 g, 17 mmol) in toluene (50 mL) at 0° C. was added dropwise diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H, 1.0 M solution in toluene; 23.9 mL), and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1 h. 10 M HCl in H2O (5 mL) was added until the reaction mixture turned to a white slurry and then additional 1 N HCl (20 mL) was added. The organic layer was collected and the aqueous layer was extracted with CHCl3. The combined organic layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 5% EtOAc in n-Hexane) to afford the title compound as a white solid (3.8 g, 80%): mp 64-66° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.00 (s, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.60 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 232.78 ([M+H]+).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 46.


4-(Bromomethyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (CI15)



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The title compound was isolated as a pale yellow low-melting solid (5 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.09 (s, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 8.09 (m, 1H), 7.81 (m, 1H), 4.61 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 265.04 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1709, 1126, 649 cm−1.


3-Bromo-4-(bromomethyl)benzaldehyde (CI16)



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The title compound was isolated as a pale yellow solid (5 g, 62%): mp 94-95° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.96 (s, 1H), 8.05 (s, 1H), 7.81 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.60 (s, 2H); EIMS m/z 275.90.


4-(Bromomethyl)-3-fluorobenzaldehyde (CI17)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (5 g, 61%): mp 43-45° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.1 (s, 1H), 7.54 (t, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J=5 Hz, 1H), 4.5 (s, 2H); EIMS m/z 216.


Example 47
Preparation of 3-Chloro-4-((1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)methyl)benzaldehyde (CI18)



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To a stirred solution of 4-(bromomethyl)-3-chlorobenzaldehyde (3.8 g, 14 mmol) in DMF (40 mL) was added potassium pthalimide (3.54 g, 19.14 mmol), and the mixture was heated at 60° C. for 6 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and diluted with H2O (100 mL). The solid obtained was separated by filtration and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound as a white solid (2.8 g, 60%): mp 123-126° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.95 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.91 (m, 3H), 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.20 (m, 1H), 5.05 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 298.03 ([M−H]−).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 47.


4-((1,3-Dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (CI19)



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The title compound was isolated as an off white solid (1 g, 62%): mp 142-143° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.05 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H), 7.91 (m, 2H), 7.80 (m, 3H), 7.27 (m, 1H), 5.19 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 332.03 ([M−H]−).


3-Bromo-4-((1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)methyl)benzaldehyde (CI20)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (0.5 g, 64%): mp 159-161° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.95 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.91 (m, 3H), 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.20 (m, 1H), 5.05 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 314.00 ([M-CHO]−).


4-((1,3-Dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-3-fluorobenzaldehyde (CI21)



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The title compound was isolated as a white solid (2 g, 60%): mp 154-156° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.95 (s, 1H), 7.9 (m, 2H), 7.75 (m, 2H), 7.6 (m, 2H), 7.5 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 5.05 (s, 2H); EIMS m/z 283.1.


Example 48
Preparation of 2-(2-Chloro-4-vinylbenzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI22)



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To a stirred solution of 3-chloro-4-((1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)methyl)benzaldehyde (2.8 g, 8.2 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (30 mL) were added K2CO3 (1.68 g, 12.24 mmol) and methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (4.37 g, 12.24 mmol) at ambient temperature. Then the resultant reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 18 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and filtered, and the obtained filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 20% EtOAc in n-Hexane) to afford the title compound as a white solid (1.94 g, 70%): mp 141-143° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.85 (m, 2H), 7.70 (m, 2H), 7.41 (m, 1H), 7.21 (m, 2H), 6.71 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.72 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.23 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.92 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 298.10 ([M−H]−).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 48.


2-(2-(Trifluoromethyl)-4-vinylbenzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI23)



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The title compound was isolated as a light brown solid (0.5 g, 60%): mp 134-135° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.92 (m, 2H), 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.46 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.65 (m, 1H), 5.80 (d, J=17.8 Hz, 1H), 5.19 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.09 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 332.10 ([M+H]+).


2-(2-Bromo-4-vinylbenzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI24)



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The title compound was isolated as an off white solid (0.5 g, 62%): mp 126-128° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.92 (m, 2H), 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 7.21 (m, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.62 (m, 1H), 5.72 (d, J=17.8 Hz, 1H), 5.15 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.95 (s, 2H); EIMS m/z 341.10.


2-(2-Fluoro-4-vinylbenzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI25)



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The title compound was isolated as a white solid (0.5 g, 61%): mp 140-142° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.85 (m, 2H), 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.11 (m, 2H), 6.63 (m, 1H), 5.80 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.28 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.92 (s, 2H); EIMS m/z 282.08.


Example 49
Preparation of (E)-2-(2-Chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI26)



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To a stirred solution of 2-(2-chloro-4-vinylbenzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (2.0 g, 6.51 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (25 mL) were added 1-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzene (3.48 g, 11.36 mmol), CuCl (112 mg, 1.13 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (0.35 g). The resultant reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and then was stirred at 180° C. for 24 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 25-30% EtOAc in n-hexane) to afford the title compound as solid (1.3 g, 50%): mp 141-143° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.92 (m, 2H), 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.42 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m, 2H), 7.20 (m, 2H), 6.54 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.34 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.00 (s, 2H), 4.10 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 524.07 ([M+H]+).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 49.


(E)-2-(2-Chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI27)



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The title compound was isolated as a pale white solid (0.2 g, 55%): mp 128-129° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.92 (m, 2H), 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.42 (m, 3H), 7.22 (m, 2H), 6.52 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.32 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.00 (s, 2H), 4.05 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 557.99 ([M+H]+).


(E)-2-(2-Chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI28)



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The title compound was isolated as an off white solid (0.2 g, 54%): mp 177-180° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (m, 2H), 7.77 (m, 2H), 7.42 (s, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.21 (m, 2H), 6.52 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.32 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.00 (s, 2H), 4.05 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 540.08 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1716 cm−1.


(E)-2-(2-Chloro-4-(3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI29)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (0.2 g, 59%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.89 (m, 2H), 7.76 (m, 2H), 7.47 (m, 3H), 7.21 (m, 3H), 6.50 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.32 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.97 (s, 2H), 4.11 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 522.27 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3064, 1717, 1111, 715 cm−1.


(E)-2-(4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI30)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (0.2 g, 54%): mp 141-142° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 7.94 (m, 2H), 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.38 (m, 1H), 7.24 (m, 2H), 7.19 (m, 1H), 6.60 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.39 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 5.10 (s, 2H), 4.11 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 556.00 ([M−H]−).


(E)-2-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI31)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (0.2 g, 56%): mp 130-132° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.94 (m, 2H), 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.44 (m, 3H), 7.19 (m, 1H), 6.61 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 5.10 (s, 2H), 4.12 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 589.57 ([M−2H]−).


(E)-2-(2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI32)



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The title compound was isolated as a pale yellow solid (0.2 g, 55%): mp 160-162° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.92 (m, 2H), 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 7.39 (s, 2H), 7.24 (m, 1H), 7.16 (m, 1H), 6.52 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.32 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.98 (s, 2H), 4.12 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 599.78 ([M−H]−).


(E)-2-(2-Fluoro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI33)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (0.2 g, 55%): mp 72-74° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.88 (m, 2H), 7.74 (m, 2H), 7.38 (s, 2H), 7.34 (m, 1H), 7.18 (m, 2H), 6.54 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.32 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.91 (s, 2H), 4.08 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 539.89 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1773 cm−1.


Prophetically, compounds CI34-CI41 (Table 1) could be made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 49.


Example 50
Preparation of (E)-(2-Chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine (CI42)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-(2-chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (0.4 g, 0.76 mmol) in EtOH was added hydrazine hydrate (0.38 g, 7.6 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2, washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a gummy liquid (0.3 g), which was carried on to the next step without further purification.


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 50.


(E)-(2-Chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)-methanamine (CI43)



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The product obtained in this reaction was carried on to the next step without further purification.


(E)-(2-Chloro-4-(3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)-methanamine (CI44)



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The product obtained in this reaction was carried on to the next step without further purification.: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.48 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.39 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H), 6.52 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.12 (m, 1H), 3.90 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 391.90 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3370, 3280, 1111, 817 cm−1.


(E)-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)methanamine (CI45)



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The title compound was isolated as a gummy material. The product obtained in this reaction was carried on to the next step without further purification.


(E)-(2-Bromo-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)-methanamine (CI46)



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The title compound was isolated as a gummy material: The product obtained in this reaction was carried on to the next step without further purification.


(E)-(2-Bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)-methanamine (CI47)



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The title compound was isolated as a gummy material. The product obtained in this reaction was carried on to the next step without further purification.


(E)-(2-Fluoro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)-methanamine (CI48)



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The title compound was isolated as a gummy material: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.40 (s, 2H), 7.33 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (m, 2H), 6.56 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.33 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (m, 1H), 3.90 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 413.84 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3368, 3274, 1114, 808 cm−1.


Prophetically, compounds CI49-CI57 (Table 1) could be made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 50.


Example 51
Preparation of 3-Chloro-4-((pyridin-2-ylamino)methyl)benzaldehyde (CI58)



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To a stirred solution of 4-(bromomethyl)-3-chlorobenzaldehyde (2 g, 9 mmol) in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA; 20 mL) was added K2CO3 (2.36 g, 17.16 mmol) and 2-aminopyridine (0.84 g, 8.58 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 4 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 20% EtOAc in n-Hexane) to afford the title compound as off-white solid (1.05 g, 50%): mp 122-123° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.94 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.72 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.4 (m, 1H), 6.64 (d, J=3.9 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 5.04 (br s, 1H), 4.71 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 246.97 ([M+H]+).


Example 52
Preparation of N-(2-Chloro-4-vinylbenzyl)pyridin-2-amine (CI59)



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To a stirred solution of 3-chloro-4-((pyridin-2-ylamino)methyl)benzaldehyde (1 g, 4. mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) were added K2CO3 (0.84 g, 6.09 mmol) and methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (2.17 g, 6.09 mmol) at ambient temperature. Then the resultant reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 18 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and filtered, and the obtained filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 10% EtOAc in n-Hexane) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.5 g, 50%): mp 119-121° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.42-7.40 (m, 3H), 7.26 (s, 1H), 6.66 (m, 2H), 6.36 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 5.75 (d, J=13.2 Hz, 1H), 4.92 (br s, 1H), 4.60 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 245.05 ([M+H]+).


Example 53
Preparation of Ethyl 2-amino-2-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)acetate (CI60)



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Ethyl 2-(diphenylmethyleneamino)acetate (10.2 g, 38.2 mmol) was added to sodium hydride (NaH; 3.18 g, 133.52 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) at 0° C., and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. To this was added 5-bromo-2,3-dichloropyridine (12.9 g, 57.23 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was quenched with 2 N HCl solution and then stirred for 4 h at ambient temperature. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The combined EtOAc layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (20-30% EtOAc in hexane) afforded the title compound as a liquid (1.3 g, 20%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.52 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 5.09 (s 1H), 4.23 (m, 2H), 2.27 (br s, 2H), 1.26 (m, 3H); ESIMS m/z 293.05 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3381, 3306, 1742, 759, 523 cm−1.


Example 54
Preparation of (5-Bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)methanamine hydrochloride (CI61)



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A stirred solution of ethyl 2-amino-2-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)acetate (0.5 g, 1.7 mmol) in 3 N HCl (25 mL) was heated at reflux for 4 h. The reaction mixture was washed with diethyl ether and H2O. The combined ether layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (400 mg, 65%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.78 (s, 1H), 8.70 (br s, 2H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 4.56 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 221.15 ([M+H]+).


Example 55
Preparation of 2-((5-Bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)methyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI62)



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To a stirred solution of (5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)methanamine hydrochloride (0.3 g, 1.4 mmol) in toluene (40 mL) was added Et3N (0.41 g, 4.08 mmol) and phthalic anhydride (0.24 g, 1.63 mmol), and the reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 2 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined EtOAc layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (20-30% EtOAc in hexane) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.25 g, 65%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.78 (s, 1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 7.88 (m, 2H), 7.74 (m, 2H), 4.56 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 349 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3307, 1665, 1114, 813 cm−1.


Example 56
Preparation of 2-((3-Chloro-5-vinylpyridin-2-yl)methyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI63)



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To a stirred solution of 2-((5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)methyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (0.23 g, 0.65 mmol) in toluene (10 mL) were added Pd(PPh3)4 (3.7 mg, 0.003 mmol), K2CO3 (0.269 g, 1.95 mmol) and vinyl boronic anhydride pyridine complex (0.78 g, 3.28 mmol), and the reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 16 h. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was washed with H2O and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (20-30% EtOAc in hexane) afforded the title compound as an off-white solid (0.2 g, 65%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.91 (m, 2H), 7.77 (m, 3H), 7.72 (m, 1H), 6.63 (m, 1H), 5.79 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 5.39 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 5.12 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 299.20 ([M+H]+).


Example 57
Preparation of (E)-2-((3-Chloro-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichloro-phenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI64)



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To a stirred solution of 2-((3-chloro-5-vinylpyridin-2-yl)methyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (0.35 g, 1.17 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (10 mL) were added 5-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (0.8 g, 2.3 mmol), CuCl (23 mg, 0.12 mmol), 2,2-bipyridyl (0.073 g, 0.234 mmol), and the reaction mixture was heated at 180° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by column chromatography (20-30% EtOAc in hexane) to afford the title compound as a liquid (0.4 g, 50%): mp 79-82° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.91 (m, 2H), 7.77 (m, 3H), 7.36 (s, 2H), 6.51 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.32 (dd, J=15.6, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.30 (s, 2H), 4.13 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 559 ([M+H]+).


Example 58
Preparation of (E)-(3-Chloro-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)methanamine (CI65)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-((3-chloro-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (200 mg, 0.358 mmol) in EtOH (5 mL) was added hydrazine hydrate (89.6 mg, 1.79 mmol), and the reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 2 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2. The organic layer was washed with H2O and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a solid (100 mg). The product obtained in this reaction was carried on to the next step without further purification.


Example 59
Preparation of 4-(Bromomethyl)-1-naphthonitrile (CI66)



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To a stirred solution of 4-methyl-1-naphthonitrile (5 g, 30 mmol) in CCl4 (50 mL) under argon atmosphere was added NBS (6.06 g, 34.09 mmol), and the reaction mixture was degassed for 30 min. AIBN (0.3 g, 2.1 mmol) was added, and the resultant reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 4 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, diluted with H2O and extracted with CH2Cl2 (3×100 mL). The combined CH2Cl2 layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 5% EtOAc in n-Hexane) to afford the title compound as a white solid (3.8 g, 52%): mp 131-133° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.33 (m, 1H), 8.24 (m, 1H), 7.88 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.62 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.95 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 245.92 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2217 cm−1.


Example 60
Preparation of 4-(Bromomethyl)-1-naphthaldehyde (CI67)



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To a stirred solution of 4-(bromomethyl)-1-naphthonitrile (8 g, 33 mmol) in toluene (100 mL) at 0° C. was added dropwise DIBAL-H (1.0 M solution in toluene; 43 mL), and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1 h. 3 N HCl in H2O (50 mL) was added to the mixture until it became a white slurry and then additional 1 N HCl (20 mL) was added. The organic layer was collected and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 5% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a white solid (7 g, 88%): mp 115-116° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.41 (s, 1H), 9.35 (m, 1H), 8.22 (m, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (m, 3H), 4.95 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 248.88 ([M+H]+).


Example 61
Preparation of 4-((1,3-Dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)methyl)-1-naphthaldehyde (CI68)



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To a stirred solution of 4-(bromomethyl)-1-naphthaldehyde (7 g, 28 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) was added potassium phthalimide (7.3 g, 39.5 mmol), and the mixture was heated at 85° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and diluted with H2O (100 mL). The obtained solid was separated by filtration and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound as a white solid (8.8 g, 98%): mp 190-192° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.39 (s, 1H), 9.25 (m, 1H), 8.41 (m, 1H), 8.10 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (m, 4H), 7.80 (m, 4H), 7.61 (m, 4H), 5.39 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 316.09 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1708 cm−1.


Example 62
Preparation of 2-((4-Vinylnaphthalen-1-yl)methyl) isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI69)



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To a stirred solution of 4-((1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)methyl)-1-naphthaldehyde (9 g, 28.5 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (100 mL) were added K2CO3 (6 g, 42.8 mmol) and methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (15.3 g, 35.7 mmol) at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 14 h and then was cooled to ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the obtained filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 20% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a white solid (6 g, 67%): mp 146-147° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.35 (m, 2H), 7.95 (m, 4H), 7.65 (m, 4H), 7.39 (m, 1H), 5.81 (m, 1H), 5.45 (m, 1H), 5.21 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 314.13 ([M+H]+).


Example 63
Preparation of (E)-2-((4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)naphthalen-1-yl)methyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI70)



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To a stirred solution of 2-((4-vinylnaphthalen-1-yl)methyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (1.5 g, 4.79 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (15 mL) were added 1-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3,4,5-trichlorobenzene (3.2 g, 9.5 mmol), CuCl (24 mg, 0.24 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (0.149 g, 0.95 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and then stirred at 180° C. for 14 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 25-30% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as an off-white solid (1.5 g, 56%): mp 158-160° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.40 (m, 1H), 7.89 (m, 2H), 7.74 (m, 2H), 7.64 (m, 2H), 7.58 (m, 2H), 7.46 (s, 2H), 7.36 (m, 2H), 6.31 (m, 1H), 5.30 (s, 2H), 4.21 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 572.08 ([M−H]−).


Example 64
Preparation of (E)-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)naphthalen-1-yl)methanamine (CI71)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-((4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)naphthalen-1-yl)methyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (0.4 g, 0.7 mmol) in EtOH was added hydrazine hydrate (0.18 g, 3.5 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2, and the solution was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The title compound was isolated as a gummy liquid (150 mg, 50%). The product obtained in this reaction was carried on to the next step without further purification.


Example 65
Preparation of 2-((4-Bromophenyl)amino)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI72)



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To a stirred solution of (4-bromophenyl)hydrazine hydrochloride (0.5 g, 2.2 mmol) in glacial acetic acid (8 mL) was added phthalic anhydride (0.398 g, 2.690 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred at 130° C. for 1 h under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was quenched with satd aq. NaHCO3 solution and filtered to give a solid. Purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 0-10% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a solid (60 mg, 84%): mp 205-206° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.71 (s, 1H), 7.99 (m, 4H), 7.32 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.79 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H); ESIMS m/z 314.95 ([M−H]−).


Example 66
Preparation of 2-((4-Vinylphenyl)amino)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI73)



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To a solution of 2-(4-bromophenylamino)isoindoline-1,3-dione (2 g, 6 mmol) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (20 mL) and H2O (4 mL) were added vinyl boronic anhydride pyridine complex (4.57 g, 18.98 mmol) and K2CO3 (1.3 g, 9.5 mmol) followed by Pd(PPh3)4 (0.219 g, 0.189 mmol). The resultant reaction mixture was heated at 150° C. in a microwave for 30 min and then was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 15% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a solid (200 mg, 13%): mp 174-176° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.65 (s, 1H), 7.94 (m, 4H), 7.29 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.72 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.61 (m, 1H), 5.61 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.05 (d, J=11.2 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 263.18 ([M−H]−).


Example 67
Preparation of (E)-2-((4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)amino)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI74)



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To a stirred solution of 2-(4-vinylphenylamino)isoindoline-1,3-dione (0.3 g, 1.1 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (5 mL) were added CuCl (0.022 g, 0.273 mmol), 2,2-bipyridyl (0.07 g, 0.46 mmol) and 5-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (0.77 g, 2.27 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and was heated at 180° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 0-30% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a solid (450 mg, 75%): mp 187-189° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.75 (s, 1H), 7.96 (m, 4H), 7.82 (s, 2H), 7.37 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.61 (m, 2H), 6.58 (m, 1H), 4.59 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 523.05 ([M−H]−).


Example 68
Preparation of (E)-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)hydrazine (CI75)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)phenylamino)isoindoline-1,3-dione (0.16 g, 0.31 mmol) in EtOH (5 mL), was added hydrazine hydrate (0.076 g, 1.52 mmol), and the reaction mixture was heated at 85° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a solid (0.08 g, 66%) which was carried on to the next step without further purification.


Example 69
Preparation of 2-(4-Vinylphenoxy)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI76)



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To a stirred solution of 4-vinylphenylboronic acid (2 g, 13 mmol), 2-hydroxyisoindoline-1,3-dione (3.63 g, 24.53 mmol), and CuCl (1.214 g 12.26 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (50 mL) was added pyridine (1.065 g, 13.48 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 48 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with CHCl3. The combined CHCl3 layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2; 20% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a white solid (2 g, 63%): mp 129-131° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.93 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 2H), 7.82 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 2H), 7.14 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 2H), 6.70 (m, 1H), 5.83 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 5.22 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 266.12 ([M+H]+).


Example 70
Preparation of (E)-2-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)isoindoline-1,3-dione (CI77)



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To a stirred solution of 2-(4-vinylphenoxy)isoindoline-1,3-dione (0.3 g, 1.1 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (10 mL) was added 1-(1-bromoethyl)-3,4,5-trichlorobenzene (769 mg, 2.26 mmol), CuCl (22 mg, 0.22 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (35 mg, 0.44 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and heated to 180° C. for 24 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 20% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a solid (0.29 g, 50%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (m, 1H), 7.62 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 7.12 (s, 1H), 6.90 (m, 2H), 6.60 (m, 2H), 6.20 (m, 1H), 4.08 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 524.09 ([M−H]−).


Example 71
Preparation of (E)-O-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)hydroxylamine (CI78)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)phenoxy)isoindoline-1,3-dione (0.2 g, 0.4 mmol) in EtOH was added hydrazine hydrate (0.1 g, 1.9 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was heated at 90° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2. washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude title compound as a gummy liquid (0.08 g, 53%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.40 (s, 2H), 6.98 (s, 1H), 6.82 (s, 2H), 6.48 (m, 1H), 6.20 (m, 1H), 5.02 (s, 1H), 4.08 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 394.94 ([M−H]−).


Example 72
Preparation of (E)-N-(4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-enyl)benzyl)acetamide (CC1)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(2-chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine (0.3 g, 0.8 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added acetic anhydride (0.12 mL, 1.14 mmol), and TEA (0.217 mL, 1.52 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 6 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with DCM. The combined DCM layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 30-50% ethyl acetate in hexane) afforded the title compound as an off-white solid (0.2 g, 60%) mp 107-109° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.37 (m, 3H), 7.28 (m, 4H), 6.60 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.75 (br s, 1H), 4.46 (d, J=6 Hz, 2H), 4.01 (m, 1H), 2.11 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 402.00 ([M+H]+).


Compounds CC2-CC6 in Table 1 were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 72. In addition, compound DC56 in Table 1 was made from compound DC55 in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 72.


Example 73
Preparation of (E)-N-(2-Chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)acetamide (CC7)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(2-chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine (0.3 g, 0.8 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added 2,2,2-trifluoro-propanoic acid (97 mg, 0.76 mmol), HOBt.H2O (174 mg, 1.14 mmol) and EDC.HCl (217 mg, 1.14 mmol) and DIEA (196 mg, 1.52 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined EtOAc layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; ethyl acetate in hexane (30-50% afforded the title compound as an off-white solid (0.2 g, 60%): mp 127-128° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.42 (m, 4H), 7.24 (m, 2H), 6.53 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (br s, 1H), 4.51 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 4.05 (m, 1H), 2.02 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 436.03 ([M+H]+).


Compounds CC8-CC28 in Table 1 were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 73.


Example 74
Preparation of (E)-N-(Pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-N-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide (CC29)



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Step 1: (E)-1-(Pyridin-2-yl)-N-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)methanamine

(E)-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methanamine (0.46 g, 1 mmol) was dissolved in CH3OH (3 mL). To this was added pyridine-2-carbaldehyde (0.107 g, 1 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h. After 1 h, NaBH4 (0.076 g, 2 mmol) was added and left at ambient temperature for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated to give an oily residue. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 30-50% EtOAc in hexane) afforded the title compound as a pale yellow liquid (0.22 g, 40%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.58 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (m, 1H), 7.62 (m, 2H), 7.52 (m, 1H), 7.4 (s, 2H), 7.3 (m, 1H), 7.2 (m, 2H), 6.60 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 4.02 (s, 2H), 3.96 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 552.95 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3338, 1114, 808 cm−1.


Step 2: (E)-N-(Pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-N-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide

(E)-1-(Pyridin-2-yl)-N-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)methanamine (0.27 g, 0.05 mmol) was taken up in CH2Cl2 (3 mL). To this was added Et3N (0.14 mL, 0.1 mmol). The reaction mixture was stiffed for 10 min After 10 min, the reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C., and cyclopropylcarbonyl chloride (0.08 mL, 0.075 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 h and then was washed with H2O and satd aq NaHCO3 solution. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and evaporated to obtain pale yellow gummy material (0.15 g, 50%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.58 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (m, 1H), 7.62 (m, 2H), 7.52 (m, 1H), 7.4 (s, 2H), 7.3 (m, 1H), 7.2 (m, 2H), 6.60 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.02 (s, 1H), 4.8 (s, 1H), 4.8 (d, J=10 Hz, 2H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 1.8 (m, 1H), 1.2 (m, 2H), 0.6 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 620.86 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1645, 1115, 808 cm−1.


Example 75
Preparation of (E)-N-(2-Chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-3-(methylsulfonyl)propanamide (CC30)



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(E)-N-(2-Chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-3-(methylthio)propanamide (0.15 g, 0.28 mmol) was treated with oxone (0.175 g, 0.569 mmol) in 1:1 acetone:water (20 mL) for 4 h at ambient temperature. The acetone was evaporated to obtain a white solid (0.095 g, 60%): mp 101-104° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 (m, 4H), 7.24 (m, 1H), 6.53 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.35 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.12 (br s, 1H), 4.53 (m, 2H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 3.42 (m, 2H), 2.91 (s, 3H), 2.78 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 559.75 ([M−H]−).


Example 76
Preparation of (E)-1-(2-Chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-3-ethylurea (CC31)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(2-chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) at 0° C. were added Et3N (0.141 mL, 1 mmol) and ethylisocyanate (0.053 g, 0.75 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at 0° C. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 30-50% EtOAc in hexane) afforded the title compound as a solid (0.141 g, 60%): mp 177-178° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.58 (m, 2H), 7.41 (m, 3H), 7.24 (m, 1H), 6.53 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.35 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (br s, 1H), 4.43 (s, 2H), 4.08 (m, 1H), 3.21 (m, 2H), 1.25 (m, 3H); ESIMS m/z 463 ([M−H]−).


Compounds CC32-CC35 in Table 1 were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 76.


Example 77
Preparation of (E)-3-(2-Chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (CC36)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(2-chloro-4-(3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) at 0° C. were added Et3N (0.141 mL, 1 mmol) and N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl chloride (0.08 g, 0.075 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at 0° C. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 30-50% EtOAc in hexane) afforded the title compound as a solid (0.15 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.39 (m, 4H), 7.28 (m, 1H), 6.54 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.34 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.97 (br s, 1H), 4.38 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 2.9 (s, 3H), 2.7 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 497 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3350, 1705, 1114, 808 cm−1.


Example 78
Preparation of (E)-1-(2-Chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-3-ethylthiourea (CC37)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(2-chloro-4-(3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) at 0° C. were added Et3N (0.141 mL, 1 mmol) and ethyl isothicyanate (0.053 g, 0.75 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at 0° C. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 30-50% EtOAc in hexane) afforded the title compound as a solid (0.14 g, 60%): mp 88-91° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.49 (d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.26 (m, 2H), 6.50 (d, J=16 Hz, 1H), 6.35 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.0 (br s, 1H), 5.73 (br s, 1H), 4.80 (br s, 2H), 4.09 (m, 1H), 1.23 (m, 3H); ESIMS m/z 515.01 ([M+H]+).


Compound CC38 in Table 1 was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 78.


Example 79
Preparation of (E)-tert-Butyl(2-chloro-4-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-3-ethylurea (CC39)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(2-chloro-4-(3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) at 0° C. were added Et3N (0.141 mL, 1 mmol) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (0.163 mL, 0.75 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred for 4 h at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 10-20% EtOAc in hexane) afforded the title compound as a white solid (0.147 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.39 (m, 4H), 7.28 (m, 1H), 6.54 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.34 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.97 (br s, 1H), 4.38 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 1.53 (s, 9H); ESIMS m/z 526.09 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3350, 1705, 1114, 808 cm−1.


Compound CC40 in Table 1 was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 79.


Example 80
Preparation of (E)-Methyl 2-((2-chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)amino)-2-oxoacetate (CC41)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(2-chloro-4-(3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) at 0° C. were added Et3N (0.141 mL, 1 mmol) and methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate (0.09 g, 0.75 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at 0° C. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 20% EtOAc in hexane) afforded the title compound as a solid (0.12 g, 50%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.48 (m, 1H). 7.43 (m, 3H), 7.38 (m, 1H), 7.23 (s, 1H), 6.55 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.60 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 2H), 4.18 (m, 1H), 3.85 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 512.22 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 1740, 1701, 1114, 808 cm−1.


Example 81
Preparation of (E)-N1-(2-Chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-N2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)oxalamide (CC42)



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To a stirred solution of 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine hydrochloride (0.1 g, 0.77 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (10 mL) was added dropwise trimethylaluminum (2 M solution in toluene; 0.39 mL, 0.77 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 30 min. A solution of (E)-methyl 2-((2-chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)-2-oxoacetate (0.2 g, 0.38 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) was added dropwise to the reaction mixture at 25° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 18 h, cooled to 25° C., quenched with 0.5 N HCl solution (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 20%-40% EtOAc in n-hexane) to afford the title compound (0.13 g, 60%): mp 161-163° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.45 (br s, 2H), 7.90 (s, 2H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.28 (s, 1H), 6.93 (m, 1H), 6.75 (m, 1H), 4.80 (m, 1H), 4.40 (s, 2H), 3.90 (s, 2H); ESIMS m/z 578.96 ([M−H]−).


Example 82
Preparation of (E)-N-(2-Chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)pyridin-2-amine (CC43)



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To a stirred solution of N-(2-chloro-4-vinylbenzyl)pyridin-2-amine (0.3 g, 1.22 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (5 mL) were added 5-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (0.83 g, 2.44 mmol), CuCl (24 mg, 0.24 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (76 mg, 0.48 mmol). The resultant reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and then stirred at 180° C. for 24 h. After the reaction was deemed complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 15% EtOAc in n-hexane) afforded the title compound as an off-white solid (0.2 g, 35%): mp 140-142° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.11 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (m, 5H), 7.22 (m, 1H), 6.61 (m, 2H), 6.35 (m, 2H), 4.94 (br s, 1H), 4.61 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 4.11 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 505.39 ([M+H]+).


Example 83
Preparation of (E)-N-((3-Chloro-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-but-1-en-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-3,3,3-trifluoropropanamide (CC44)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(3-chloro-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)methanamine (0.1 g, 0.2 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) were added 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoic acid (45 mg, 0.350 mmol), EDC.HCl (67 mg, 0.350 mmol), HOBt.H2O (71 mg, 0.467 mmol) and DIEA (60.2 mg, 0.467 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2 and washed with H2O. The combined CH2Cl2 layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 15% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a pale yellow liquid (30 mg, 35%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.41 (s, 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.47 (br s, 1H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 6.58 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (dd, J=16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.68 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 2H), 4.14 (m, 1H), 3.24 (q, J=10.8 Hz, 2H); ESIMS m/z 536.88 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 3320, 1674, 1114, 808.


Compound CC45 in Table 1 was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 83.


Example 84
Preparation of (E)-3,3,3-Trifluoro-N-((4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)naphthalen-1-yl)methyl)propanamide (CC46)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)naphthalen-1-yl)methanamine (0.1 g, 0.22 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (8 mL) were added 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoic acid (0.032 g, 0.24 mmol), HOBt.H2O (52 mg, 0.33 mmol), EDC.HCl (0.065 g, 0.33 mmol) and DIEA (0.044 g, 0.45 mmol), and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). The combined EtOAc layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 15% EtOAc in n-hexane) afforded the title compound as a gummy material (60 mg, 50%): mp 151-153° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.06 (m, 1H), 7.61 (m, 4H), 7.48 (s, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (m, 1H), 6.42 (m, 1H), 5.92 (br s, 1H), 4.92 (m, 2H), 4.24 (m, 1H), 3.12 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 554.04 ([M−H]−).


Compounds CC47-CC48 in Table 1 were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 84.


Example 85
Preparation of (E)-1-Ethyl-3-((4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)naphthalen-1-yl)methyl)urea (CC49)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)naphthalen-1-yl)methanamine (0.1 g, 0.22 mmol) in CH2Cl2 at 0° C. were added Et3N (0.064 mL, 0.44 mmol) and ethylisocyanate (0.023 mL, 0.33 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at 0° C. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 30% EtOAc in hexane) afforded the title compound as a solid (0.07 g, 60%): mp 84-87° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.06 (m, 1H), 7.98 (m, 1H), 7.61 (m, 3H), 7.48 (s, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (m, 2H), 6.42 (m, 1H), 4.92 (s, 2H), 4.6 (br s, 1H), 4.24 (m, 1H), 3.21 (m, 2H), 1.2 (t, J=4.6 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 515.33 ([M+H]+).


Example 86
Preparation of (E)-N′-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)cyclopropanecarbohydrazide (CC50)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)hydrazine (0.1 g, 0.3 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (10 mL) was added DIEA (65 mg, 0.51 mmol), HOBt.H2O (59 mg, 0.38 mmol), EDC.HCl (73 mg, 0.38 mmol) and cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride (0.024 g, 0.28 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with satd aq NaHCO3 solution and extracted with CH2Cl2. The combined CH2Cl2 layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2; 5-25% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a solid (65 mg, 55%): mp 138-140° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.81 (s, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.84 (s, 2H), 7.34 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.65 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.61 (m, 1H), 6.57 (s, 1H), 6.48 (dd, J=15.6, 8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (m, 1H), 1.64 (m, 1H), 0.75 (m, 4H); ESIMS m/z 461.32 ([M−H]−).


Compound CC51 in Table 1 was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 86.


Example 87
Preparation of (E)-N-(4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)cyclopropanecarboxamide (CC52)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-O-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)hydroxylamine (0.15 g, 0.38 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) was added EDC.HCl (0.109 g, 0.569 mmol), HOBt.H2O (0.087 g, 0.569 mmol), DIEA (0.097 g, 0.758 mmol) and cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (0.049 g, 0.569 mmol). The resultant reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with CHCl3 (35 mL) The combined CHCl3 layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (SiO2; 20% EtOAc in hexane) afforded the title compound as a brown liquid (0.06 g, 34%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.40 (s, 2H), 7.18 (s, 1H), 7.08 (s, 1H), 6.85 (m, 1H), 6.45 (m, 1H), 6.65 (m, 1H), 6.20 (m, 1H), 5.55 (s, 1H), 4.08 (m, 1H), 1.90 (m, 1H), 1.30-1.10 (m, 4H); ESIMS m/z 464.87 ([M−H]−).


Compound CC53 in Table 1 was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 87.


Example 88
Preparation of (Z)-3,3,3-Trifluoro-N-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)propanamide (CC54)



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A silicon borate vial was charged with (E)-3,3,3-trifluoro-N-(4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzyl)propanamide (133 mg, 0.269 mmol) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 10 mL). The mixture was placed within 0.6 to 1 meter (m) of a bank of eight 115 watt Sylvania FR48T12/350BL/VHO/180 Fluorescent Tube Black Lights and four 115 watt Sylvania (daylight) F48T12/D/VHO Straight T12 Fluorescent Tube Lights for 72 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo and purified by reverse phase chromatography to give the title compound as a colorless oil (11 mg, 8%): 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.28 (s, 2H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 7.10 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.89 (d, J=11.4 Hz, 1H), 6.07 (br s, 1H), 6.01 (m, 1H), 4.51 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 4.34 (m, 1H), 3.12 (q, J=7.5 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 162.44, 137.20, 135.38, 135.23, 134.82, 134.68, 131.71, 129.00, 128.80, 128.69, 128.10, 127.96, 122.63, 76.70, 47.33 (q, J=28 Hz), 43.59, 42.12 (q, J=30 Hz); ESIMS m/z 504 ([M+H]+).


Compounds DC46, AC93. AC94 in Table 1 were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 88.


Example 89
Preparation of 1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3-chlorobenzene (DI2)



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The title compound was synthesized in two steps via 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (DI1, prepared as in Step 1, Method B in Example 1); isolated as a colorless viscous oil (1.5 g, 75%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.42-7.35 (m, 3H), 5.02 (m, 1H), 2.65 (br s, 1H)) and Step 2 in Example 1 and isolated (0.14 g, 22%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.50 (br s, 1H), 7.42-7.35 (m, 3H), 5.07 (m, 1H).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 89.


(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)benzene (DI4)



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2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-phenylethanol (DI3) was isolated (10 g, 80%): 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 3H), 5.02 (m, 1H), 2.65 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 1H). The title compound (DI4) was isolated as a liquid (8.0 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.50 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 3H), 5.00 (q, J=7.5 Hz, 1H).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3,5-dimethylbenzene (DI20)



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1-(3,5-Dimethylphenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (DI19) was isolated an off white solid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.05 (s, 2H), 7.02 (s, 1H), 4.95 (m, 1H), 2.32 (s, 6H); ESIMS m/z 204 (ND. The title compound (DI20) was isolated (3.0 g, 51%).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,4-dichlorobenzene (DI22)



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1-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (DI21) was isolated as an off white powder (5.3 g, 61%): mp 49-51° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.62-7.66 (d, 1H), 7.42-7.44 (d, 1H), 7.32-7.36 (d, 1H), 5.6 (m, 1H), 2.7 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 244 ([M]+). The title compound (DI22) was isolated (3.2 g, 50%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.62-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.4-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.3-7.38 (m, 1H), 5.7-5.8 (m, 1H).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,3-dichlorobenzene (DI24)



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1-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (DI23) was isolated as a pale yellow oil (5.2 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.62-7.64 (d, 1H), 7.52-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.29-7.33 (t, 1H), 5.6-5.76 (m, 1H), 2.7 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 243.9 ([M]+). The title compound (DI24) was isolated as an oil (8.7 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.62-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.44-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.27-7.3 (s, 1H), 5.81-5.91 (m, 1H).


2-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,4-dichlorobenzene (DI26)



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1-(2,5-Dichlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (DI25) was isolated as a yellow oil (4.1 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.68-7.7 (s, 1H), 7.3-7.37 (m, 2H), 5.51-5.6 (m, 1H), 2.7 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 244 ([M]+)). The title compound (DI26) was isolated (3.0 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.7-7.78 (m, 1H), 7.3-7.4 (m, 2H), 5.7-5.8 (m, 1H).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene (DI28)



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1-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (DI27) was isolated (3.8 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.98 (m, 3H), 5.25 (m, 1H), 3.2 (br, 1H); ESIMS m/z 312.2 ([M]+). The title compound (DI28) was prepared and carried on crude.


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,3,5-trichlorobenzene (DI30)



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2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(2,3,5-trichlorophenyl)ethanol (DI29) was isolated as a white solid (4.0 g, 60%): mp 113-115° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.62 (d, 1H), 7.50 (d, 1H), 5.60-5.70 (m, 1H), 2.75 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 278.0 ([M+]). The title compound (DI30) was isolated (2.9 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.50 (d, 1H), 5.72-5.82 (m, 1H).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (DI32)



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1-(3-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (DI31) was isolated as a pale yellow oil (2.0 g, 50%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.51 (m, 3H), 5.08 (m, 1H), 2.81 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 278.1 ([M]+). The title compound (DI32) was isolated oil (2.0 g, 40%): ESIMS m/z 342 ([M]+).


5-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,3-dichloro-2-methoxybenzene (DI34)



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1-(3,5-Dichloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (DI33) was isolated as an off white solid (0.8 g, 60%); mp 92-95° C.: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 (s, 2H), 5.00 (m, 1H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 2.64 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 274 ([M]+). The title compound (DI34) was isolated as a colorless liquid (0.6 g, 57%).


Example 90
Preparation of 1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3,5-difluorobenzene (DI36)



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The title compound was synthesized in two steps via 1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (DI35, prepared as in Step 1, Method A in Example 1; isolated as a colorless oil (0.2 g, 75%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.05 (m, 2H), 6.88 (m, 1H), 5.06 (m, 1H), 2.66 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 212 ([M]+) and Step 2 in Example 1 and isolated (3.2 g, 50%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.05 (m, 2H), 6.86 (m, 1H), 5.03 (q, J=7.4 Hz, 1H).


The following compounds were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 90.


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-4-chlorobenzene (DI38)



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1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (DI37) was isolated as a colorless oil (5.0 g, 99%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.44-7.38 (m, 4H), 5.05 (m, 1H), 2.55 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 210 ([M]+). The title compound (DI38) was isolated (3.0 g, 46%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.45 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.37 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 5.10 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 1H).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (DI40)



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2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol (DI39) was isolated as a pale yellow liquid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.95 (m, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 5.00 (m, 1H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 2.44 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 206.1 ([M]+). The title compound (DI40) was isolated (3.8 g, 62%).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-4-fluorobenzene (DI42)



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2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanol (DI41) was isolated as a colorless oil (5 g, 99%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.48-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.13-7.07 (m, 2H), 5.06 (m, 1H), 2.53 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 194 ([M]+). The title compound (DI42) was prepared and carried on as crude intermediate.


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-4-methylbenzene (DI44)



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2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(p-tolyl)ethanol (DI43) was isolated as colorless oil (5.0 g, 99%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.37 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.23 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 5.02 (m, 1H), 2.46 (m, 1H), 2.37 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 190 ([M]+). The title compound (DI44) was isolated (3.0 g, 45%).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3-fluorobenzene (DI46)



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2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(3-fluorophenyl)ethanol (DI45) was isolated as a colorless viscous oil (2.8 g, 93%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 (m, 1H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 7.14 (m, 1H), 5.06 (m, 1H), 2.60 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 194 ([M]+). The title compound (DI46) was isolated (2.0 g, 61%).


1-(1-Bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2-fluorobenzene (DI48)



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2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanol (DI47) was isolated as a colorless oil (2.5 g, 99%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.40 (m, 1H), 7.43 (m, 1H), 7.24 (m, 1H), 7.13 (m, 1H), 5.42 (m, 1H), 2.65 (s, 1H); ESIMS m/z 194 ([M]+). The title compound (DI48) was isolated (2.0 g, 61%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.40 (m, 1H), 7.23 (m, 1H), 7.10 (m, 1H), 5.40 (m, 1H); GCMS m/z 255 ([M−H]−).


Example 91
Preparation of 4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (DI5)



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To a stiffing solution of 4-fluorobenzaldehyde (10.0 g, 80.6 mmol) in DMF (150 mL) were added K2CO3 (13.3 g, 96.7 mmol) and 1,2,4-triazole (6.67 g, 96.7 mmol) and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at 120° C. for 6 h. After completion of reaction (by TLC), the reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). The combined EtOAc layer was washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a solid (9.0 g, 65%): mp 145-149° C.: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.08 (s, 1H), 8.70 (s, 1H), 8.16 (s, 1H), 8.06 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.92 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H); ESIMS m/z 173.9 ([M+H]+).


The following compound was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 91.


5-Formyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (DI49)



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The title compound was isolated (2.8 g, 60%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.10 (s, 1H), 8.98 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.30 (d, 1H), 8.22 (s, 1H), 8.07 (d, 1H); IR (thin film) 3433, 3120, 1702, 1599, 1510 cm−1.


2-Chloro-4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (DI50)



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The title compound was isolated as an off white solid (3.0 g, 40%): mp 149-151° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.05 (s, 1H), 8.74 (s, 1H), 8.17 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.90 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 208.10 ([M+H]+).


5-Methyl-4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (DI51)



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The title compound was isolated as a white solid (0.5 g, 74%): mp 109-111° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, D6-DMSO) δ 10.06 (s, 1H), 9.00 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.92 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 2.30 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 188.13 ([M+H]+).


Example 92
Preparation of 5-Formyl-2-(3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (DI52)



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To a stiffing solution of 2-fluoro-5-formylbenzonitrile (0.5 g, 3.3 mmol) in DMF (25 mL) were added K2CO3 (0.68 g, 4.95 mmol) and 3-nitro-1,2,4 triazole (0.45 g, 4.2 mmol) and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 14 h. After completion of reaction (TLC), the reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc. The combined EtOAc layer was washed with water and brine then dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afforded the title compound as a pale yellow solid (0.36 g, 45%): mp 170-172° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.12 (s, 1H), 9.61 (s, 1H), 8.69 (s, 1H), 8.45 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 242.3 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 2238, 1705, 1551, 1314 cm−1.


Example 93
Preparation of 4-(3-Methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (DI53)



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To a stiffing solution of 4-fluorobenzaldehyde (5.0 g, 40.32 mmol) in DMF (50 mL), were added K2CO3 (3.34 g, 40.32 mmol) and 3-methyl-1,2,4-trizole (3.34 g, 40.32 mmol) and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 4 h. After completion of the reaction (TLC), the reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The combined EtOAc layer was washed with water and brine then dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afforded the title compound as a white solid (4.1 g, 60%): mp 125-128° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.05 (s, 1H), 8.76 (s, 1H), 8.02 (d, 2H), 7.85 (d, 2H), 2.50 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 188.04 ([M+H]+).


The following compound was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 93.


4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (DI54)



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The title compound was isolated as white solid (1.05 g, 60%): mp 81-83° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.15 (s, 1H), 8.43 (s, 1H), 8.37 (s, 1H), 8.25 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 241.0 ([M]+).


4-(3-Nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (DI55)



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The title compound was isolated as pale yellow solid (0.10 g, 23%): mp 159-161° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.10 (s, 1H), 8.89 (s, 1H), 8.15 (m, 2H), 8.00 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 217.11 ([M−H]−).


3-Bromo-4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (DI56)



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The title compound was isolated as white solid (3.2 g, 51%): mp 126-128° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.04 (s, 1H), 8.69 (s, 1H), 8.27 (M, 1H, 8.18 (s, 1H) 7.99 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 250.9 ([M]+).


5-Formyl-2-(3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (DI57)



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The title compound was isolated as white solid (0.13 g, 30%): mp 147-149° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.07 (s, 1H), 8.89 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.24 (dd, J=8.6, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 8.06 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 2.54 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 213.09 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2239, 1697 cm−1.


3-Nitro-4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (DI58)



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The title compound was isolated as pale yellow solid (3.0 g, 60%): mp 116-118° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.15 (s, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.46 (s, 1H), 8.26 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H), 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 219.00 ([M+H]+).


Example 94
Preparation of 1-(4-Vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI59)



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To a stirred solution of 4-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl-benzaldehyde (9.0 g, 52 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (100 mL), were added K2CO3 (10.76 g, 78 mmol) and methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (22.2 g, 62.4 mmol) at room temperature. The resultant reaction mixture was heated to 70° C. for 18 h. After completion of the reaction (TLC), the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered and the obtained filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 25-30% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to afforded the title compound as a white solid (5.6 g, 63%): ESIMS m/z 172.09 ([M+H]+).


The following compound was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 94.


1-(2-Methyl-4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI60)



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The title compound was isolated as an off white solid (1.5 g, 76%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.25 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.35 (m, 2H), 7.27 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (m, 1H), 5.82 (d, J=17.3 Hz, 1H), 5.36 (d, J=10.0 Hz, 1H), 2.25 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 186.14 ([M+H]+).


2-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)-5-vinylbenzonitrile (DI61)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (1.40 g, 71%): mp 126-129° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.76 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.82-7.84 (m, 1H), 7.72-7.80 (m, 2H), 6.70-6.80 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.90-5.95 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.50-5.70 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 197.03 ([M+H]+).


Example 95
Preparation of 2-(3-Nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-vinylbenzonitrile (DI62)



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To a stirred solution of 5-formyl-2-(3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (0.36 g, 1.49 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (25 mL), were added K2CO3 (0.3 g, 2.2 mmol) and methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (0.63 g, 1.79 mmol). The resultant reaction mixture was heated to 100° C. for 18 h. After completion of the reaction (TLC), the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered and the obtained filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 25-30% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to afford the title compound as a solid (0.25 g, 70%): mp 103-105° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.50 (s, 1H), 8.34 (m, 1H), 7.98 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.68 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (m, 1H), 6.20 (d, J=15.7 Hz, 1H), 5.56 (d, J=11.8 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 240.27 ([M−H]−); IR (thin film) 2240, 1514, 1312 cm−1.


The following compound was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 95.


1-(3-Chloro-4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI63)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (2.3 g, 80%): mp 134-137° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (m, 1H), 5.80 (d, J=17.2 Hz, 1H), 5.47 (d, J=12.4 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 206.04 ([M+H]+.


3-Methyl-1-(4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI64)



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The title compound was isolated as a white solid (0.6 g, 60%): mp 109-111° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.42 (s, 1H), 7.40-7.60 (m, 4H), 6.70-7.00 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.80 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.30 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 2.50 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 186.20 ([M+H]+).


1-(2-(Trifluoromethyl)-4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI65)



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The title compound was isolated as a colorless oil (0.6 g, 60%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.32 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.72 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.70-6.90 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.90-6.00 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.50-5.80 (d, J=10.8 Hz 1H); ESIMS m/z 240.16 ([M+H]+).


3-Nitro-1-(4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI66)



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The title compound was isolated as a pale yellow solid (61 mg, 20%): mp 137-139° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.60 (s, 1H), 7.68 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.60 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 6.77 (dd, J=17.7, 10.8, 1H), 5.87 (d, J=17.7 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 217.28 ([M+H]+).


1-(2-Bromo-4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI67)



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The title compound was isolated as a white solid (1.2 g, 40%): mp 75-77° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H) 7.42 (s, 2H), 6.70 (m, 1H), 5.83 (d, J=18 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (d, J=12 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 249.1 ([M]+).


2-(3-Methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-vinylbenzonitrile (DI68)



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The title compound was isolated as an off-white solid (0.6 g, 60%): mp 96-97° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.66 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.74 (m, 2H), 6.73 (dd, J=17.6 Hz, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.88 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.49 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 2.52 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 211.10 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2229 cm−1.


1-(2-Nitro-4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI69)



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The title compound was isolated as a yellow solid (1.78 g, 60%): mp 102-104° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.40 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.72-7.76 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.52-7.56 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 6.70-6.82 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.85-6.00 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.50-5.60 (d, J=10.8, Hz 1H); ESIMS m/z 217.0 ([M+H]+).


Example 96
Preparation of 3-Methyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-vinylbenzonitrile (DI70)



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Step 1. 5-Bromo-2-fluoro-3-methylbenzaldehyde

To a stirred solution of di-isopropyl amine (4.01 g, 39.88 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was added n-butyl lithium (1.6 M in hexane) (19.9 mL, 31.91 mmol) at −78° C. slowly dropwise over the period of 10 min, the reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 30 min. A solution of 4-bromo-1-fluoro-2-methylbenzene (5.0 g, 26.6 mmol) in THF (30.0 mL) was added at −78° C., and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at the same temperature. DMF (5.0 mL) was added and stirred at −78° C. for another 30 min. The reaction was monitored by TLC; then the reaction mixture was quenched with 1N HCl solution (aq) at 0° C. The aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether, washed with water and saturated brine solution. The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude compound purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 5% ethyl acetate/pet ether) to afford the title compound as a white solid (3.6 g, 64%); mp 48-50° C.: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.33 (s, 1H), 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.60 (s, 1H), 6.75 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.92 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.52 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 211.35 ([M−H]−).


Step 2. ((E)-5-Bromo-2-fluoro-3-methylbenzaldehyde oxime

To a stirred solution of 5-bromo-2-fluoro-3-methylbenzaldehyde (3.5 g, 16.2 mmol) in ethanol (50.0 mL) were added sodium acetate (2.0 g, 24.3 mmol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.69 g, 24.3 mmol) at RT. The reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated on rotavapour to obtain crude compound, which was washed with water filtered and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound as a white solid: mp 126-127° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.73 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (s, 1H), 7.34 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 2.25 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 232.10 ([M+H]+).


Step 3. 5-Bromo-2-fluoro-3-methylbenzonitrile

A stirred solution of (E)-5-bromo-2-fluoro-3-methylbenzaldehyde oxime (0.5 g, 2.2 mmol) in acetic anhydride (5.0 mL) was heated to reflux for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined ethyl acetate layer was washed with brine and dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude compound as a light brown gummy material (0.4 g, crude): ESIMS m/z 213.82 ([M+H]+).


Step 4. 5-Bromo-3-methyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (DI71)

To a stirred solution of 5-bromo-2-fluoro-3-methylbenzonitrile (1.0 g, 47.716 mmol), in DMF (10.0 mL) was added potassium carbonate (1.95 g, 14.14 mmol) followed by 1H-1,2,4-triazole (0.811 g, 9.433 mmol) at RT. The reaction mixture was heated to 140° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×100 mL). The combined ethyl acetate layer was washed with brine and dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude compound purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 30% ethyl acetate/pet ether) to afford the title compound as a pink solid (0.6 g, 49%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.39 (s, 1H), 8.23 (s, 1H), 7.91 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), ESIMS m/z 262.57 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2231, 554 cm−1.


Step 5. 3-Methyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-vinylbenzonitrile (DI70)

A mixture of 5-bromo-3-methyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (0.6 g, 2.3 mmol), potassium carbonate (0.95 g, 6.87 mmol), vinyl boronic anhydride (0.82 g, 3.43 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (0.13 g, 0.114 mmol) in toluene (20.0 mL) were stirred and degassed with argon for 30 min. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 18 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×100 mL). The combined ethyl acetate layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude compound that was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; eluting with 30% ethyl acetate/pet ether) to afford the title compound as a pink solid (0.25 g, 52%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.33 (s, 1H), 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.60 (s, 1H), 6.75 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.92 (d, J=17.6, 1H), 5.52 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H), ESIMS m/z 211.35 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2236, 1511 cm−1.


The following compound was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Steps 4 and 5 of Example 96.


1-(2-Fluoro-4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI72)



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1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI73) was isolated as a pale yellow solid (3.0 g, 75%): mp 113-116° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.69 (s, 1H), 8.13 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.21 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 241.93 ([M]+). The title compound (DI72) was isolated as a yellow solid (1.0 g, 71%): mp 67-70° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.67 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.94 (m, 1H), 7.41 (m, 1H), 7.24 (s, 1H), 6.75 (dd, J=17.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.81 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.37 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H); ESIMS m/z 190.00 ([M+H]+).


Example 119
Preparation of 1-(1-(4-Vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)ethanone (DI78)



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To a stirred solution of 1-(4-vinyl-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,4]triazole (1 g, 5.8 mmol) in 25 mL of THF, was added n-BuLi (0.37 g, 5.8 mmol) at −78° C. and stirred for 30 min. To this N-methoxy-N-methyl acetamide in THF (0.66 g, 6.4 mmol) was added and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution and extracted with EtOAc (3×50 mL). The combined EtOAc layer was washed with brine and dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh, 40% EtOAc in Pet ether) to afford the title compound as an off white solid (280 mg, 23%): mp 97-98° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.50 (d, 2H), 7.38 (d, 2H), 6.68 (dd, 1H), 5.85 (d, 1H), 5.38 (d, 1H), 2.75 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 214.14 ([M+H]+).


Example 120
Preparation of Cyclopropyl(1-(4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methanone (DI79)



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To a stirred solution of 1-(4-vinyl-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,4]triazole (1 g, 5.8 mmol) in 25 mL of THF, was added n-BuLi (0.37 g, 5.8 mmol) at −78° C. and stirred for 30 min. To this N-methoxy N-methylcyclopropoxide in THF (0.82 g, 6.4 mmol) was added and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution and extracted with EtOAc (3×25 mL). The combined EtOAc layer was washed with brine and dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh, 40% EtOAc in Pet ether) to afford the title compound as an off white solid (420 mg, 30%): mp 90-91° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.50 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 6.75 (dd, J=16.3, 10.7 Hz, 1H), 5.81 (d, J=16.3 Hz, 1H), 5.35 (d, J=10.7 Hz, 1H), 3.22 (m, 1H), 1.27 (m, 2H), 1.18 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 240.18 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2922, 1630 cm−1.


Example 121
Preparation of 5-(Methylthio)-1-(4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI80)



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To a stirred solution of 1-(4-vinyl-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,4]triazole (1 g, 5.8 mmol) in 50 mL of THF, was added n-BuLi (0.41 g, 6.4 mmol) at −78° C. and stirred for 30 min. To this dimethyldisulfide in THF (0.6 g, 6.43 mmol) was added and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution and extracted with EtOAc (3×25 mL). The combined EtOAc layer was washed with brine and dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh, 40% EtOAc in Pet ether) to afford the title compound as an off white solid (0.6 g, 48%): mp 68-70° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.05 (m, 4H), 6.75 (dd, J=16.4, 10.7 Hz, 1H), 5.81 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1H), 5.35 (d, J=10.7 Hz, 1H), 2.73 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 218.09 ([M+H]+).


Example 122
Preparation of 5-Methyl-1-(4-vinylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI81)



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To a stirred solution of 1-(4-vinyl-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,4]triazole (0.5 g, 2.9 mmol) in 10 mL of THF, was added n-BuLi (0.22 g, 3.5 mmol) at −78° C. and stirred for 30 min. To this methyl iodide in THF (0.50 g, 3.5 mmol) was added and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution and extracted with EtOAc (3×25 mL). The combined EtOAc layer was washed with brine and dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure The crude compound was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh, 40% EtOAc in Pet ether) afford the title compound as a pale brown liquid (250 mg, 46%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.55 (d, J=9 Hz, 2H), 7.42 (d, J=9 Hz, 2H), 6.76 (dd, J=18, 11 Hz, 1H), 5.83 (d, J=18 Hz, 1H), 5.38 (d, J=11 Hz, 1H), 2.55 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 186.13 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 1517, 1386, 1182, 847 cm−1.


Example 97
Preparation of (E)-1-(4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DC1)



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To a stirred solution of 1-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-3,5-dichloro-benzene (2.0 g, 6.51 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (25 mL), were added 1-(4-vinyl-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,4]triazole (2.22 g, 13.0 mmol), CuCl (64 mg, 0.65 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (0.2 g, 1.3 mmol). The resultant reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min, then stirred at 180° C. for 24 h. After completion of reaction (TLC), the reaction mixture was cooled to RT and filtered and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 25-30% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as an off-white solid (0.8 g, 32%): mp 93-97° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.68 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.54 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (t, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (s, 2H), 6.62 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (dd, J=15.6, 8.2 Hz, 1H), 4.15 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 398.05 ([M+H]+).


Compounds DC2-DC37, DC44, DC45, DC47-49, DC50, DC51, DC54, DC58, DC60, DC62, and DC63-DC67 in Table 1 were made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 97.


Example 98
Preparation of (E)-2-(3-Nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzonitrile (DC40)



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To a stirred solution of 2-(3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-vinylbenzonitrile (0.9 g, 3.7 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (10 mL), were added 5-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (2.5 g, 7.5 mmol), CuCl (73 mg, 0.74 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (0.23 g, 1.49 mmol) and the resultant reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and then stirred at 180° C. for 14 h. After completion of the reaction (TLC), the reaction mixture was cooled to RT and filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh, 25-30% EtOAc in Pet ether) afforded the title compound as an off white solid (0.9 g, 50%): mp 70-73° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.86 (s, 1H), 7.88 (m, 3H), 7.44 (s, 2H), 6.67 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.56 (dd, J=16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 436.11 ([M−2H]−).


Example 99
Preparation of (E)-2-(3-Amino-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzonitrile (DC41)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-(3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzonitrile (0.6 g, 1.2 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL), were added Zn dust (0.39 g, 5.98 mmol) and sat. aq NH4Cl solution (5 mL) and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h. After completion of the reaction (TLC), the reaction mass was concentrated under reduced pressure. The reaction mass was diluted with DCM, filtered through a celite bed, and the obtained filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a solid (0.5 g, 89%): mp 72-75° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.72 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.91 (s, 2H), 7.77 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (dd, J=15.6, 9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 5.87 (s, 2H), 4.89 (m, 1H); ESIMS m/z 469.95 ([M−H]−).


Compound DC38 in Table 1 was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 99. Also, compound DC55 in Table 1 was made from compound DC54 in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 99, with the exception of using ammonium formate in place of ammonium chloride.


Example 100
Preparation of (E)-N-(1-(2-Cyano-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-N-(cyclopropanecarbonyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide (DC42)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-(3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzonitrile (0.1 g, 0.21 mmol) in DCM at RT, was added cyclopropylcarbonyl chloride (0.045 g, 0.42 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with water and brine and dried over Na2SO4. Concentration under reduced pressure and purification by preparative HPLC afforded the title compound as a solid (0.09 g, 79%): mp 104-107° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.78 (s, 2H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.42 (s, 2H), 6.65 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1H), 6.51 (dd, J=7.6, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.17 (m, 1H), 2.16 (m, 2H), 1.25 (m, 4H), 1.00 (m, 4H); ESIMS m/z 609.98 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 2234, 1714, 1114, 807 cm−1.


Example 101
Preparation of (E)-N-(1-(2-Cyano-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)cyclopropanecarboxamide (DC43)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-(3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzonitrile (0.15 g, 0.31 mmol) in DCM at 0° C., were added triethylamine (0.1 g, 1 mmol) and cyclopropylcarbonyl chloride (0.04 g, 0.38 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at 0° C. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with water and brine and dried over Na2SO4. Concentration under reduced pressure and purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh) afforded the title compound as a solid (66 mg, 34%): mp 109-112° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.94 (br s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 8.08 (m, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.91 (s, 2H), 7.84 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (dd, J=15.6, 9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.92 (m, 1H), 1.99 (br s, 1H), 0.82 (s, 4H); ESIMS m/z 540.04 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3233, 2233, 1699, 1114, 807 cm−1.


Compound DC39 in Table 1 was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 101.


Example 102
Preparation of 1-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)ethanone (DI74)



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To a stirred solution of 4-bromoacetophenone (10 g, 50 mmol) in DMF (100 mL), were added 1,2,4-triazole (5 g, 75 mmol), Cs2CO3 (32.6 g, 100.5 mmol) and CuI (1.4 g, 10.1 mmol) and the resultant reaction mixture was refluxed for 48 h. After completion of the reaction (by TLC), the reaction mixture was cooled to RT and diluted with water (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layer was washed with brine and dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by washing with diethyl ether afforded the title compound as a solid (5 g, 96%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.16, (s, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.83 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 2.66 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 186.02 ([M−H]−).


Example 103
Preparation of 1-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobutan-1-one (DI75)



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Step 1. 1-(4-(1-(Trimethylsilyloxy)vinyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DI76)

To a stirred solution of 1-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)ethanone (4.5 g, 24.0 mmol) in DCM at 0° C., were added TEA (3.7 g, 36.1 mmol) and trimethylsilyl triflluoromethanesulfonate (8 g, 36 mmol) and the resultant reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a mixture of sat aq sodium bicarbonate solution and ether. The ether layer and was separated, washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound (5.5 g) which was taken directly to next step.


Step 2. 1-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobutan-1-one (DI75)

To a stirred solution of 1-(4-(1-(trimethylsilyloxy)vinyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (6 g, 23 mmol) and 1-(1-bromo-2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzene (7.1 g, 34.7 mmol) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (30 mL) was degassed with argon. To this CuCl (0.23 g, 2.31 mmol) and 2,2-bipyridyl (0.73 g, 4.63 mmol) was added to the above reaction mixture and the resultant reaction mixture was heated to 180° C. for 18 h. After completion of the reaction (by TLC), the reaction mixture was absorbed onto silica gel and purified by column chromatography (SiO2; 10% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to afford title compound as a solid (3 g, 31%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.67 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H), 8.10 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.82 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.33 (m, 1H), 7.30 (m, 2H), 4.20 (m, 1H), 3.63 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 412.14 ([M−H]−).


Example 104
Preparation of 2-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5,5,5-trifluoropentan-2-ol (DI77)



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To a solution of 1-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobutan-1-one (300 mg, 0.726 mmol) in THF cooled to 0° C. was added methylmagnesium bromide (450 mg, 5 mmol) drop wise. The reaction was stirred for 3 h at 0° C., then the reaction mixture was quenched with sat aq NH4Cl solution and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined EtOAc layer was washed with water and brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 20%-25% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a solid (100 mg, 32%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ two diastereoisomers 8.58 (s, 1H, minor), 8.48 (s, 1H, major), 8.13 (s, 1H, minor), 8.09 (s, 1H, major), 7.70 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H, minor), 7.53 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H, minor), 7.40 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H, major), 7.31 (m, 1H, minor), 7.27 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H, major), 7.20 (m, 2H, minor), 7.01 (m, 1H, major), 6.75 (m, 2H, major), 350 (m, 1H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 1.56 (s, 3H, major), 1.54 (s, 3H, minor); ESIMS m/z 430.05 ([M+H]+).


Example 105
Preparation of (E)-1-(4-(4-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-5,5,5-trifluoropent-2-en-2-yl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DC68)



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To a solution of 2-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5,5,5-trifluoropentan-2-ol (100 mg, 0.233 mmol) in toluene was added a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) and the water was removed by azeotropic distillation over the course of 12 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and dissolved in ethyl acetate. The solution was washed with sat aq NaHCO3 solution and brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography (SiO2, 100-200 mesh; 20%-25% EtOAc in petroleum ether) afforded the title compound as a solid (30 mg, 31%).


Example 123
Preparation of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (DC52)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (0.3 g, 0.71 mmol) in toluene (10 mL) at −78° C. was added dropwise diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H, 1.0 M solution in toluene; 0.85 mL), and the reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 20 min. The reaction mixture was quenched with the addition of 1 N HCl solution, then the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (2×). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2; 50% EtOAc/Pet ether) to afford the title compound as a yellow oil.


Compound DC53 in Table 1 was made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in Example 123.


Example 124
Preparation of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-N-methyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)aniline (DC57)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)aniline (0.3 g, 0.7 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added triethylamine (0.155 mL, 1.09 mmol) and methyl iodide (0.124 g, 0.873 mmol). The reaction was stirred at RT for 18 h. The DCM layer was washed with water and brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2; 50% EtOAc/Pet ether) to afford the title compound as a yellow semi-solid (0.07 g, 70%).


Example 125
Preparation of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzoic acid (DC61)



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A solution of (E)-ethyl 5-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzoate (0.2 g, 0.4 mmol) in 6 N HCl (10 mL) was stirred at 100° C. for 18 h. The reaction was cooled to RT, resulting in a white solid precipitate. The precipitate was filtered to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.12 g, 60%).


Example 126
Preparation of (Z)-5-((E)-3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-N′-hydroxy-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzimidamide (DC59)



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A solution of (E)-5-(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-1-yl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (0.3 g, 0.71 mmol), sodium acetate (0.087 g, 1.065 mmol) and hydroxylammonium chloride (0.072 g, 1.065 mmol) in 9:1 ethanol/water mixture (10 mL) was stirred at 70° C. for 8 h. The reaction was cooled to RT, and the ethanol was evaporated. The residue was dissolved in water and extracted with EtOAc (2×). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as an off white solid.


Example 127
Preparation of (E)-1-(4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-methoxybut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DC70)



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Step 1. (E)-3-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)-1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one

To a solution of 1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)ethanone (0.5 g, 2.6 mmol) in ethanol (20 mL) was added 4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (0.46 g, 2.65 mmol) and the reaction was cooled to 0° C. Sodium hydroxide (0.22 g, 5.29 mmol) in water (10 mL) was then added and the reaction was allowed to stir for 2 h at 0° C. The reaction was extracted with EtOAc and the combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound (0.149 g, 17%):); ESIMS m/z 430.05 ([M+H]+) 344.08


Step 2. (E)-4-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)-2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trifluorobut-3-en-2-ol (DC69)

To a solution of (E)-3-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)-1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (1 g, 3 mmol) in THF (150 mL) was added trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane (0.517 g, 3.644 mmol) and tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride (TBAF) (1.0 M, 1 mL) at 0° C. The reaction was slowly warmed to RT and allowed to stir for 2 h. The reaction was then cooled to 0° C. and 5 M HCl solution was added and the reaction was stirred for an additional 4 h at RT. The reaction was extracted with DCM and the combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2; 25% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (0.3 g, 25%).


Step 3. (E)-1-(4-(3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-methoxybut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (DC70)

To a solution of (E)-4-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)-2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trifluorobut-3-en-2-ol (0.15 g, 0.36 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was added NaH (60%, 10 mg, 0.44 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction was allowed to stir at 0° C. for 30 min, then methyl iodide (61 mg, 0.44 mmol) was added slowly and the reaction was warmed to RT and allowed to stir for 4 h. The reaction was quenched with aq NH4Cl solution and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (55 mg, 35%).


Example 128
Preparation of (E)-2-Chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-N-(1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylcarbamoyl)cyclopropyl)benzamide (F1)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-chloro-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)benzoic acid (300 mg, 0.67 mmol) and 1-amino-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide (148 mg, 0.81 mmol) in DCM/DMF (5 mL, 1:1), 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidinium hexafluorophosphate (CIP) (92 mg, 0.33 mmol), 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt) (48 mg, 0.33 mmol) and DMAP (5 mol %) were added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature (RT) for 4 h. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was dried (Na2SO4), filtered, concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica (100-200 mesh) eluting with 30% EtOAc in petroleum ether to give the title compound as pale yellow gum (300 mg, 75%). Characterization data for this molecule is listed in Table 2.


Example 129
Preparation of (E)-2-Bromo-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (F7)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-2-bromo-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid (100 mg, 0.205 mmol) in DCE (10.0 mL) at RT was added 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC hydrochloride) (58.9 mg, 0.307 mmol), 1-amino-1-cyclopropanecarbonitrile hydrochloride (24.3 mg, 0.296 mmol), DMAP (catalytic) and TEA (22.79 mg, 0.225 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 18 h. To the reaction mixture was added EtOAc (50 mL) and 0.1N HCl (10 mL) and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (1×). The combined organic layers were washed with aq NaHCO3 (1×), dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated under reduce pressure to give an oil. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO2, 230-400 mesh; eluting with 35% EtOAc in hexanes) afforded the title compound as a white solid (13 mg, 11.5%). Characterization data for this molecule is listed in Table 2.


Example 130
Preparation of tert-Butyl(1-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)carbamoyl)cyclopropyl)-carbamate



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To a stirred solution of 1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (10.0 g, 49.7 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (80 mL) was added EDC.HCl (13.8 g, 71.8 mmol) followed by 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine (8.21 g, 82.8 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (7.31 g, 59.8 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 h, taken up in 300 mL of EtOAC, then washed with aq. 10% HCl (3×), aq. 10% K2CO3 (2×) and aq. sat. NaCl (1×). The organic phase was dried (MgSO4) and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound as a white solid (11.8 g, 84%): mp 166-167° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) rotamers δ 8.43 (s, 0.3H), 8.20 (s, 0.7H), 7.41 (s, 0.7H), 7.11 (s, 0.3H), 3.84 (dt, J=9.9, 4.9 Hz, 2H), 1.38 (d, J=11.4 Hz, 9H), 1.24 (q, J=4.3 Hz, 2H), 0.92 (q, J=4.3 Hz, 2H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ −70.57; 13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d6) rotamers δ 172.82, 155.37, 124.64 (q, J=281 Hz), 78.29, 40.18 (q, J=34 Hz), 35.43, 34.70, 28.05, 27.84, 17.28, 16.62.


The following molecules was made in accordance with the procedure disclosed in


Example 130
tert-Butyl(1-((2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl)carbamoyl)cyclobutyl)carbamate



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The title molecule was isolated as a white solid (1.94, 28%): mp=185-188° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) rotomers δ 8.06 (s, 0.3H), 7.96 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 0.7H), 7.44 (s, 0.7H), 7.11 (s, 0.3H), 3.83 (qd, J=9.7, 6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.40 (dtd, J=12.1, 5.9, 2.5 Hz, 2H), 2.03 (ddd, J=12.1, 9.4, 7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.81 (ddd, J=26.1, 14.0, 7.0 Hz, 2H), 1.33 (d, J=34.8 Hz, 9H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) rotomers δ −70.35, −70.75; ESIMS m/z 295 ([M−H]−)


tert-Butyl(1-(ethylcarbamoyl)cyclopropyl)carbamate



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The title molecule was isolated as a white solid (3.54 g, 68%): mp=113-116° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 6.44 (bs, 1H), 5.09 (bs, 1H), 3.43-3.17 (m, 2H), 1.63-1.51 (m, 2H), 1.46 (s, 9H), 1.15 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3H), 1.00-0.97 (m, 2H); (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 172.03, 155.89, 80.37, 35.53, 34.65, 28.23, 17.17, 14.85.


tert-Butyl(1-((2,2-difluoroethyl)carbamoyl)cyclopropyl)carbamate



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The title molecule was isolated as a white solid (290 mg, 70%): mp=131-135° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.93 (bs, 1H), 7.39 (bs, 1H), 6.15-5.74 (m, 1H), 3.52-3.31 (m, 2H), 1.38 (s, 9H), 1.23-1.17 (m, 2H), 0.97-0.87 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 165.1 ([M−Boc]+).


tert-Butyl(1-((2-fluoroethyl)carbamoyl)cyclopropyl)carbamate



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The title molecule was isolated as a white solid (250 mg, 62%): mp=121-125° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.80 (bs, 1H), 7.41 (bs, 1H), 4.47 (t, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 4.34 (t, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 3.43-3.31 (m, 2H), 1.38 (s, 9H), 1.22-1.18 (m, 2H), 0.87-0.84 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 146.2 ([M−Boc]+).


tert-Butyl(1-((3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)carbamoyl)cyclopropyl)carbamate



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The title molecule was isolated as a white solid (550 mg, 58%): mp=146-148° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.80 (bs, 1H), 7.40 (bs, 1H), 3.34-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.43-2.32 (m, 2H), 1.38 (s, 9H), 1.22-1.18 (m, 2H), 0.87-0.83 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 197.1 ([M−Boc+H]+).


Example 131
Preparation of tert-Butyl 1-amino-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide hydrochloride



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To tert-butyl(1-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)carbamoyl)cyclopropyl)carbamate (3.2 g, 11 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (20 mL) was added 4 M HCl in dioxane (20 mL). The solution was stirred for 18 h at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the residue placed in a 60° C. vacuum oven (24 h) to afforded the title compound as an off-white solid (2.3 g, 93%): 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.77 (bs, 3H), 8.50 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (qd, J=9.7, 6.1 Hz, 2H), 1.52-1.15 (m, 4H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ −70.54; 13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 175.33, 132.46 (q, J=280.8 Hz), 45.13 (q, J=34.34 Hz), 40.06, 17.57.


The following molecules was made in accordance with the procedure disclosed in Example 131:


1-(Ethylcarbamoyl)cyclopropanaminium chloride



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The title molecule was isolated as a white solid (2.27 g, 98%): mp=165-196° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.69 (s, 3H), 7.89 (t, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 3.10 (dd, J=7.4, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 1.43-1.32 (m, 2H), 1.31-1.23 (m, 2H), 1.01 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); (101 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 168.41, 34.71, 33.93, 14.47, 11.89; IR (thin film) 3313, 2983, 1678, 1537, 1251, 1159 cm−1.


1-((2,2-Difluoroethyl)carbamoyl)cyclopropanaminium chloride



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The title molecule was isolated as a white solid (200 mg, 99%): mp=221-225° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.40 (bs, 3H), 8.12 (bs, 1H), 6.20-5.81 (m, 1H), 3.55-3.45 (m, 2H), 1.44-1.36 (m, 2H), 1.31-1.23 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 165.1 ([M+H]+).


1-((2-Fluoroethyl)carbamoyl)cyclopropanaminium chloride



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The title molecule was isolated as a white solid (180 mg, 89%): mp=157-161° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.62 (bs, 3H), 8.00 (bs, 1H), 4.51 (t, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 4.35 (t, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 3.35-3.32 (m, 2H), 1.41-1.37 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.25 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 147.1 ([M+H]+).


1-((3,3,3-Trifluoropropyl)carbamoyl)cyclopropanaminium chloride



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The title molecule was isolated as a white solid (250 mg, 80%): mp=156-158° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.58 (bs, 3H), 7.99 (bs, 1H), 3.36-3.29 (m, 2H), 2.51-2.38 (m, 2H), 1.39-1.35 (m, 2H), 1.31-1.26 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 197.2 ([M+H]+).


Example 132
Preparation of 1-((2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl)carbamoyl)cyclobutanaminium 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate



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To a stirred solution of tert-butyl 1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylcarbamoyl)cyclobutylcarbamate (500 mg, 1.68 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (10 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, 1.0 mL) dropwise and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight. The volatiles were evaporated and the residue was triturated with pentane to give the title compound as colorless gum which was taken on to the next step without further purification (400 mg, 77%): 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.14 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (bs, 2H), 4.08-3.96 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.55 (m, 2H), 2.27-2.14 (m, 2H), 2.08-2.00 (m, 2H); ESIMS m/z 196.9 ([M+H]+); IR (thin film) 3364, 2949, 1680, 1033 cm−1.


Example 133
Preparation of (E)-4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-N-(1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylcarbamothioyl)cyclopropyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (F6)



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To a stirred solution of (E)-4-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-enyl)-N-(1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylcarbamoyl)cyclopropyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (200 mg, 0.31 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (20 mL) was added P4S10 (34 mg, 0.155 mmol) and hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDO, 0.1 mL, 0.517 mmol) and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 4 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and another portion of P4S10 (34 mg, 0.155 mmol) and HMDO (0.1 mL, 0.517 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica (100-200 mesh) eluting with 10% EtOAc in hexane to give the title compounds as yellow gum (37 mg, 18%). Characterization data for this molecule is listed in Table 2.


Example 135
Isolation of (R,E)-4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-N-(1-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)carbamoyl)cyclopropyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (F8A)



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and (S,E)-4-(4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)but-1-en-1-yl)-N-(1-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)carbamoyl)cyclopropyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (F8B)



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The enanteomeric pair of F8, prepared as in Example 28, were separated by chiral HPLC using Chiralpak® IA (4.6×250 mm) 5 μm column using 0.1% TFA in hexane and isopropanol as the mobile phase (isocratic 70:30) with a flow rate 1.0 mL/min at ambient temperature. Enantiomer F8A (isomer 1) was collected at a retention time of 10.62 min Enantiomer F8B (isomer 2) was collected at 12.28 min Characterization data for these molecules are listed in Table 2A.


Example 136
Preparation of 1-(3,5-Difluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanone



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Isopropyl magnesium chloride lithium chloride complex (22.0 mL, 28.02 mmol) was added dropwise to a stirred solution of 5-bromo-1,3-difluoro-2-methoxybenzene (5.0 g, 22.42 mmol) at −5° C. in THF (100 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred at same temperature for 30 min. Methyl trifluoroacetate (3.67 g, 28.69 mmol) was added dropwise and then the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 h. A 2 N HCl solution (200 mL) was added to quench the reaction and then it was extracted with diethylether. The organic combined layers were washed with brine dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to afford the title compound (5.4 g, crude) as a yellow liquid. The material was taken on to next step without further purification. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.68-7.60 (m, 2H), 4.19 (s, 3H); ESIMS m/z 240.1 ([M]+).


The following molecule was prepared in accordance with the procedures disclosed in


Example 136
2,6-Difluoro-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)benzonitrile



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1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.45 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H); EIMS m/z 235.1 ([M]+).


The following prophetic molecules could be made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in this application:













Compound



Number
Structure







P1


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P2


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P3


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P4


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P5


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P6


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P7


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P8


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P9


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P10


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P11


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P12


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P13


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P14


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P15


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P16


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P17


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P18


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P19


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P20


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P21


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P22


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P23


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P24


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P25


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P26


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P27


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P28


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P29


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P30


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P31


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P32


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P33


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P34


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P35


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P36


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P37


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P38


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P39


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P40


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P41


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P42


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P43


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P44


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P45


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P46


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P47


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P48


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P49


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P50


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P51


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The following prophetic molecules could be made in accordance with the procedures disclosed in this application:














embedded image





















Compound











Number
R1
R2
R3
R4
R6
R8
R10
W2
R15





P52
F
F
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P53
F
F
F
H
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P54
F
F
F
H
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P55
F
F
F
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P56
F
F
F
H
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P57
F
F
F
H
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P58
F
F
F
H
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P59
F
F
F
H
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P60
F
F
F
H
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P61
F
F
F
H
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P62
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P63
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P64
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P65
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P66
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P67
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P68
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P69
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P70
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P71
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P72
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P73
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P74
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P75
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P76
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P77
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P78
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P79
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P80
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P81
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P82
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P83
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P84
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P85
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P86
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P87
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P88
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P89
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P90
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P91
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P92
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P93
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P94
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P95
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P96
F
F
F
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P97
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P98
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P99
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P100
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P101
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P102
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P103
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P104
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P105
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P106
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P107
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P108
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P109
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P110
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P111
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P112
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P113
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P114
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P115
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P116
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P117
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P118
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P119
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P120
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P121
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P122
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P123
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P124
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P125
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P126
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P127
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P128
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P129
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P130
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P131
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P132
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P133
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P134
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P135
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P136
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P137
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P138
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P139
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P140
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P141
Cl
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P142
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P143
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P144
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P145
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P146
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P147
H
H
H
OCF3
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P148
H
H
H
OCF3
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P149
H
H
H
OCF3
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P150
H
H
H
OCF3
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P151
H
H
H
OCF3
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P152
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P153
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P154
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P155
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P156
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P157
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P158
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P159
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P160
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P161
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P162
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P163
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P164
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P165
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P166
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P167
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P168
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P169
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P170
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P171
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P172
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P173
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P174
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P175
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P176
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P177
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P178
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P179
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P180
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P181
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P182
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P183
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P184
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P185
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P186
H
H
H
OCF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P187
H
F
H
Br
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P188
H
F
H
Br
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P189
H
F
H
Br
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P190
H
F
H
Br
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P191
H
F
H
Br
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P192
H
F
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P193
H
F
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P194
H
F
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P195
H
F
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P196
H
F
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P197
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P198
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P199
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P200
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P201
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P202
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P203
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P204
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P205
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P206
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P207
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P208
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P209
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P210
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P211
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P212
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P213
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P214
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P215
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P216
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P217
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P218
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P219
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P220
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P221
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P222
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P223
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P224
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P225
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P226
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P227
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P228
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P229
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P230
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P231
H
F
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P232
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P233
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P234
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P235
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P236
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P237
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P238
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P239
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P240
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P241
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P242
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P243
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P244
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P245
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P246
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P247
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P248
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P249
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P250
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P251
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P252
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P253
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P254
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P255
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P256
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P257
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P258
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P259
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P260
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P261
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P262
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P263
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P264
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P265
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P266
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P267
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P268
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P269
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P270
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P271
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P272
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P273
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P274
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P275
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P276
H
CH3
Cl
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P277
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P278
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P279
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P280
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P281
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P282
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P283
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P284
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P285
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P286
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P287
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P288
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P289
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P290
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P291
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P292
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P293
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P294
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P295
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P296
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P297
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P298
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P299
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P300
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P301
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P302
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P303
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P304
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P305
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P306
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P307
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P308
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P309
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P310
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P311
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P312
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P313
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P314
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P315
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P316
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P317
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P318
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P319
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P320
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P321
H
Cl
CH3
H
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P322
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P323
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P324
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P325
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P326
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P327
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P328
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P329
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P330
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P331
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P332
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P333
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P334
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P335
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P336
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P337
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P338
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P339
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P340
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P341
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P342
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P343
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P344
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P345
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P346
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P347
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P348
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P349
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P350
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P351
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P352
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P353
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P354
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P355
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P356
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P357
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P358
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P359
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P360
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P361
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P362
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P363
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P364
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P365
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P366
H
CH3
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P367
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P368
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P369
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P370
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P371
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P372
H
Cl
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P373
H
Cl
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P374
H
Cl
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P375
H
Cl
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P376
H
Cl
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P377
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P378
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P379
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P380
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P381
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P382
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P383
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P384
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P385
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P386
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P387
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P388
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P389
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P390
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P391
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P392
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P393
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P394
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P395
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P396
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P397
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P398
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P399
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P400
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P401
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P402
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P403
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P404
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P405
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P406
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P407
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P408
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P409
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P410
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P411
H
Cl
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P412
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P413
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P414
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P415
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P416
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P417
H
H
Br
Br
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P418
H
H
Br
Br
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P419
H
H
Br
Br
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P420
H
H
Br
Br
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P421
H
H
Br
Br
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P422
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P423
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P424
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P425
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P426
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P427
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P428
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P429
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P430
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P431
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P432
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P433
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P434
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P435
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P436
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P437
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P438
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P439
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P440
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P441
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P442
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P443
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P444
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P445
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P446
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P447
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P448
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P449
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P450
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P451
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P452
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P453
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P454
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P455
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P456
H
H
Br
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P457
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P458
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P459
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P460
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P461
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P462
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P463
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P464
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P465
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P466
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P467
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P468
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P469
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P470
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P471
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P472
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P473
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P474
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P475
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P476
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P477
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P478
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P479
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P480
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P481
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P482
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P483
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P484
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P485
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P486
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P487
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P488
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P489
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P490
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P491
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P492
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P493
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P494
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P495
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P496
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P497
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P498
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P499
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P500
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P501
H
H
Cl
NO2
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P502
H
H
F
CN
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P503
H
H
F
CN
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P504
H
H
F
CN
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P505
H
H
F
CN
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P506
H
H
F
CN
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P507
H
H
F
CN
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P508
H
H
F
CN
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P509
H
H
F
CN
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P510
H
H
F
CN
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P511
H
H
F
CN
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P512
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P513
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P514
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P515
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P516
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P517
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P518
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P519
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P520
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P521
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P522
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P523
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P524
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P525
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P526
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P527
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P528
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P529
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P530
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P531
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P532
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P533
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P534
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P535
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P536
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P537
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P538
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P539
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P540
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P541
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P542
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P543
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P544
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P545
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P546
H
H
F
CN
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P547
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P548
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P549
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P550
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P551
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P552
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P553
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P554
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P555
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P556
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P557
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P558
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P559
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P560
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P561
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P562
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P563
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P564
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P565
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P566
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P567
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P568
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P569
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P570
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P571
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P572
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P573
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P574
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P575
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P576
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P577
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P578
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P579
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P580
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P581
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P582
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P583
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P584
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P585
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P586
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P587
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P588
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P589
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P590
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P591
H
Cl
OCF3
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P592
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P593
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P594
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P595
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P596
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P597
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P598
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P599
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P600
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P601
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P602
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P603
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P604
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P605
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P606
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P607
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P608
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P609
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P610
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P611
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P612
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P613
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P614
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P615
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P616
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P617
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P618
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P619
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P620
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P621
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P622
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P623
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P624
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P625
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P626
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P627
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P628
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P629
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P630
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P631
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P632
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P633
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P634
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P635
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P636
H
Cl
CN
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P637
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P638
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P639
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P640
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P641
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P642
H
CH3
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P643
H
CH3
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P644
H
CH3
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P645
H
CH3
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P646
H
CH3
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P647
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P648
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P649
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P650
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P651
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P652
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P653
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P654
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P655
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P656
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P657
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P658
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P659
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P660
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P661
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P662
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P663
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P664
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P665
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P666
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P667
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P668
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P669
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P670
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P671
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P672
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P673
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P674
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P675
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P676
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P677
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P678
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P679
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P680
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P681
H
CH3
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P682
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P683
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P684
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P685
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P686
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P687
H
H
F
CH3
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P688
H
H
F
CH3
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P689
H
H
F
CH3
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P690
H
H
F
CH3
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P691
H
H
F
CH3
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P692
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P693
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P694
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P695
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P696
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P697
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P698
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P699
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P700
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P701
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P702
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P703
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P704
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P705
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P706
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P707
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P708
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P709
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P710
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P711
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P712
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P713
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P714
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P715
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P716
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P717
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P718
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P719
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P720
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P721
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P722
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P723
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P724
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P725
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P726
H
H
F
CH3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P727
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P728
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P729
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P730
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P731
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P732
H
H
F
Cl
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P733
H
H
F
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P734
H
H
F
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P735
H
H
F
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P736
H
H
F
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P737
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P738
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P739
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P740
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P741
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P742
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P743
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P744
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P745
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P746
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P747
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P748
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P749
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P750
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P751
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P752
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P753
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P754
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P755
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P756
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P757
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P758
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P759
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P760
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P761
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P762
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P763
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P764
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P765
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P766
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P767
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P768
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P769
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P770
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P771
H
H
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P772
H
F
F
F
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P773
H
F
F
F
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P774
H
F
F
F
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P775
H
F
F
F
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P776
H
F
F
F
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P777
H
F
F
F
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P778
H
F
F
F
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P779
H
F
F
F
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P780
H
F
F
F
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P781
H
F
F
F
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P782
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P783
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P784
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P785
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P786
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P787
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P788
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P789
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P790
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P791
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P792
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P793
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P794
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P795
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P796
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P797
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P798
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P799
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P800
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P801
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P802
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P803
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P804
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P805
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P806
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P807
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P808
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P809
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P810
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P811
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P812
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P813
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P814
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P815
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P816
H
F
F
F
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P817
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P818
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P819
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P820
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P821
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P822
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P823
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P824
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P825
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P826
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P827
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P828
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P829
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P830
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P831
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P832
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P833
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P834
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P835
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P836
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P837
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P838
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P839
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P840
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P841
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P842
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P843
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P844
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P845
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P846
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P847
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P848
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P849
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P850
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P851
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P852
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P853
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P854
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P855
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P856
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P857
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P858
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P859
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P860
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P861
H
CF3
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P862
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P863
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P864
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P865
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P866
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P867
H
F
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P868
H
F
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P869
H
F
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P870
H
F
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P871
H
F
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P872
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P873
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P874
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P875
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P876
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P877
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P878
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P879
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P880
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P881
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P882
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P883
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P884
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P885
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P886
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P887
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P888
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P889
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P890
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P891
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P892
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P893
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P894
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P895
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P896
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P897
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P898
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P899
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P900
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P901
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P902
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P903
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P904
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P905
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P906
H
F
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P907
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P908
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P909
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P910
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P911
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P912
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P913
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P914
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P915
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P916
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P917
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P918
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P919
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P920
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P921
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P922
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P923
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P924
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P925
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P926
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P927
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P928
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P929
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P930
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P931
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P932
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P933
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P934
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P935
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P936
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P937
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P938
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P939
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P940
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P941
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P942
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P943
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P944
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P945
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P946
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P947
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P948
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P949
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P950
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P951
H
Cl
H
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P952
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P953
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P954
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P955
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P956
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P957
H
H
F
CF3
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P958
H
H
F
CF3
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P959
H
H
F
CF3
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P960
H
H
F
CF3
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P961
H
H
F
CF3
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P962
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P963
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P964
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P965
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P966
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P967
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P968
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P969
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P970
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P971
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P972
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P973
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P974
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P975
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P976
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P977
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P978
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P979
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P980
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P981
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P982
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P983
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P984
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P985
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P986
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P987
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P988
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P989
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P990
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P991
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P992
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P993
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P994
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P995
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P996
H
H
F
CF3
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P997
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P998
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P999
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1000
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1001
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1002
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P1003
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1004
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1005
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1006
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1007
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P1008
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P1009
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P1010
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P1011
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P1012
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P1013
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P1014
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P1015
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P1016
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P1017
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P1018
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P1019
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P1020
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P1021
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P1022
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P1023
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P1024
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P1025
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P1026
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P1027
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1028
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1029
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1030
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1031
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1032
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1033
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1034
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1035
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1036
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1037
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P1038
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1039
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1040
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1041
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1042
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P1043
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1044
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1045
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1046
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1047
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P1048
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1049
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1050
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1051
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1052
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P1053
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P1054
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P1055
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P1056
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P1057
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P1058
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P1059
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P1060
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P1061
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P1062
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P1063
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P1064
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P1065
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P1066
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P1067
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P1068
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P1069
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P1070
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P1071
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P1072
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1073
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1074
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1075
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1076
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1077
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1078
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1079
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1080
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1081
H
Cl
H
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1082
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P1083
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1084
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1085
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1086
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1087
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P1088
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1089
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1090
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1091
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1092
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P1093
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1094
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1095
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1096
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1097
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P1098
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P1099
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P1100
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P1101
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P1102
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P1103
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P1104
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P1105
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P1106
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P1107
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P1108
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P1109
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P1110
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P1111
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P1112
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P1113
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P1114
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P1115
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P1116
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P1117
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1118
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1119
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1120
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1121
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1122
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1123
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1124
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1125
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1126
H
H
Cl
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1127
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P1128
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1129
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1130
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1131
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1132
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P1133
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1134
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1135
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1136
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1137
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P1138
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1139
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1140
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1141
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1142
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P1143
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P1144
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P1145
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P1146
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P1147
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P1148
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P1149
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P1150
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P1151
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P1152
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P1153
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P1154
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P1155
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P1156
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P1157
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P1158
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P1159
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P1160
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P1161
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P1162
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1163
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1164
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1165
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1166
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1167
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1168
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1169
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1170
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1171
H
Cl
F
Cl
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1172
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
CF3
H
O
CH2CF3


P1173
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
CF3
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1174
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
CF3
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1175
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
CF3
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1176
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
CF3
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1177
H
Br
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P1178
H
Br
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1179
H
Br
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1180
H
Br
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1181
H
Br
H
Br
CF2CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1182
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CF3


P1183
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CF3


P1184
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CF3


P1185
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CF3


P1186
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CF3


P1187
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
H
S
CH2CF3


P1188
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
S
CH2CF3


P1189
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
S
CH2CF3


P1190
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
S
CH2CF3


P1191
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
S
CH2CF3


P1192
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CHF2


P1193
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CHF2


P1194
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CHF2


P1195
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CHF2


P1196
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CHF2


P1197
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2F


P1198
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2F


P1199
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2F


P1200
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2F


P1201
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2F


P1202
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH3


P1203
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH3


P1204
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH3


P1205
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH3


P1206
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH3


P1207
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1208
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1209
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1210
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1211
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH(CH3)CF3


P1212
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
H
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1213
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Br
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1214
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
Cl
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1215
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CF3
O
CH2CH2CF3


P1216
H
Br
H
Br
CF3
H
CH3
O
CH2CH2CF3









Example A
Bioassays on Beet Armyworm (“BAW”) and Corn Earworm (“CEW”) and Cabbage Looper (“CL”)

BAW has few effective parasites, diseases, or predators to lower its population. BAW infests many weeds, trees, grasses, legumes, and field crops. In various places, it is of economic concern upon asparagus, cotton, corn, soybeans, tobacco, alfalfa, sugar beets, peppers, tomatoes, potatoes, onions, peas, sunflowers, and citrus, among other plants. CEW is known to attack corn and tomatoes, but it also attacks artichoke, asparagus, cabbage, cantaloupe, collards, cowpeas, cucumbers, eggplant, lettuce, lima beans, melon, okra, peas, peppers, potatoes, pumpkin, snap beans, spinach, squash, sweet potatoes, and watermelon, among other plants. CEW is also known to be resistant to certain insecticides. CL is also known to be resistant to certain insecticides. Consequently, because of the above factors control of these pests is important. Furthermore, molecules that control these pests are useful in controlling other pests.


Certain molecules disclosed in this document were tested against BAW, CEW and CL using procedures described in the following examples. In the reporting of the results, the “BAW & CEW & CL Rating Table” was used (See Table Section).


Bioassays on BAW (Spodoptera exigua)


Bioassays on BAW were conducted using a 128-well diet tray assay. One to five second instar BAW larvae were placed in each well (3 mL) of the diet tray that had been previously filled with 1 mL of artificial diet to which 50 μg/cm2 of the test compound (dissolved in 50 μL of 90:10 acetone-water mixture) had been applied (to each of eight wells) and then allowed to dry. Trays were covered with a clear self-adhesive cover, and held at 25° C., 14:10 light-dark for five to seven days. Percent mortality was recorded for the larvae in each well; activity in the eight wells was then averaged. The results are indicated in the tables entitled “Table 3: Assay Results Part 1” and “Table 4: Assay Results Part 2” (See Table Section).


Bioassays on CEW (Helicoverpa zea)


Bioassays on CEW were conducted using a 128-well diet tray assay. One to five second instar CEW larvae were placed in each well (3 mL) of the diet tray that had been previously filled with 1 mL of artificial diet to which 50 μg/cm2 of the test compound (dissolved in 50 μL of 90:10 acetone—water mixture) had been applied (to each of eight wells) and then allowed to dry. Trays were covered with a clear self-adhesive cover, and held at 25° C., 14:10 light-dark for five to seven days. Percent mortality was recorded for the larvae in each well; activity in the eight wells was then averaged. The results are indicated in the table entitled “Table 3: Assay Results Part 1” (See Table Section).


Bioassays on CL (Trichoplusia ni)


Bioassays on CL were conducted using a 128-well diet tray assay. One to five second instar CL larvae were placed in each well (3 mL) of the diet tray that had been previously filled with 1 mL of artificial diet to which 50 μg/cm2 of the test compound (dissolved in 50 μL of 90:10 acetone—water mixture) had been applied (to each of eight wells) and then allowed to dry. Trays were covered with a clear self-adhesive cover, and held at 25° C., 14:10 light-dark for five to seven days. Percent mortality was recorded for the larvae in each well; activity in the eight wells was then averaged. The results are indicated in the table entitled “Table 4: Assay Results Part 2” (See Table Section).


Example B
Bioassays on Green Peach Aphid (“GPA”) (Myzus persicae)

GPA is the most significant aphid pest of peach trees, causing decreased growth, shriveling of the leaves, and the death of various tissues. It is also hazardous because it acts as a vector for the transport of plant viruses, such as potato virus Y and potato leafroll virus to members of the nightshade/potato family Solanaceae, and various mosaic viruses to many other food crops. GPA attacks such plants as broccoli, burdock, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, daikon, eggplant, green beans, lettuce, macadamia, papaya, peppers, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, watercress, and zucchini, among other plants. GPA also attacks many ornamental crops such as carnation, chrysanthemum, flowering white cabbage, poinsettia, and roses. GPA has developed resistance to many pesticides.


Certain molecules disclosed in this document were tested against GPA using procedures described in the following example. In the reporting of the results, the “GPA Rating Table” was used (See Table Section).


Cabbage seedlings grown in 3-inch pots, with 2-3 small (3-5 cm) true leaves, were used as test substrate. The seedlings were infested with 20-50 GPA (wingless adult and nymph stages) one day prior to chemical application. Four pots with individual seedlings were used for each treatment. Test compounds (2 mg) were dissolved in 2 mL of acetone/methanol (1:1) solvent, forming stock solutions of 1000 ppm test compound. The stock solutions were diluted 5× with 0.025% Tween 20 in H2O to obtain the solution at 200 ppm test compound. A hand-held aspirator-type sprayer was used for spraying a solution to both sides of cabbage leaves until runoff. Reference plants (solvent check) were sprayed with the diluent only containing 20% by volume of acetone/methanol (1:1) solvent. Treated plants were held in a holding room for three days at approximately 25° C. and ambient relative humidity (RH) prior to grading. Evaluation was conducted by counting the number of live aphids per plant under a microscope. Percent Control was measured by using Abbott's correction formula (W. S. Abbott, “A Method of Computing the Effectiveness of an Insecticide” J. Econ. Entomol. 18 (1925), pp. 265-267) as follows.





Corrected % Control=100*(X−Y)/X

    • where
    • X=No. of live aphids on solvent check plants and
    • Y=No. of live aphids on treated plants


The results are indicated in the tables entitled “Table 3: Assay Results” and “Table 4: Assay Results Part 2” (See Table Section).


Pesticidally Acceptable Acid Addition Salts, Salt Derivatives, Solvates, Ester Derivatives, Polymorphs, Isotopes and Radionuclides

Molecules of Formula One may be formulated into pesticidally acceptable acid addition salts. By way of a non-limiting example, an amine function can form salts with hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, phosphoric, acetic, benzoic, citric, malonic, salicylic, malic, fumaric, oxalic, succinic, tartaric, lactic, gluconic, ascorbic, maleic, aspartic, benzenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, hydroxymethanesulfonic, and hydroxyethanesulfonic acids. Additionally, by way of a non-limiting example, an acid function can form salts including those derived from alkali or alkaline earth metals and those derived from ammonia and amines. Examples of preferred cations include sodium, potassium, and magnesium.


Molecules of Formula One may be formulated into salt derivatives. By way of a non-limiting example, a salt derivative can be prepared by contacting a free base with a sufficient amount of the desired acid to produce a salt. A free base may be regenerated by treating the salt with a suitable dilute aqueous base solution such as dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium carbonate, ammonia, and sodium bicarbonate. As an example, in many cases, a pesticide, such as 2,4-D, is made more water-soluble by converting it to its dimethylamine salt.


Molecules of Formula One may be formulated into stable complexes with a solvent, such that the complex remains intact after the non-complexed solvent is removed. These complexes are often referred to as “solvates.” However, it is particularly desirable to form stable hydrates with water as the solvent.


Molecules of Formula One may be made into ester derivatives. These ester derivatives can then be applied in the same manner as the invention disclosed in this document is applied.


Molecules of Formula One may be made as various crystal polymorphs. Polymorphism is important in the development of agrochemicals since different crystal polymorphs or structures of the same molecule can have vastly different physical properties and biological performances.


Molecules of Formula One may be made with different isotopes. Of particular importance are molecules having 2H (also known as deuterium) in place of 1H.


Molecules of Formula One may be made with different radionuclides. Of particular importance are molecules having 14C.


Stereoisomers

Molecules of Formula One may exist as one or more stereoisomers. Thus, certain molecules can be produced as racemic mixtures. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that one stereoisomer may be more active than the other stereoisomers. Individual stereoisomers may be obtained by known selective synthetic procedures, by conventional synthetic procedures using resolved starting materials, or by conventional resolution procedures. Certain molecules disclosed in this document can exist as two or more isomers. The various isomers include geometric isomers, diastereomers, and enantiomers. Thus, the molecules disclosed in this document include geometric isomers, racemic mixtures, individual stereoisomers, and optically active mixtures. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that one isomer may be more active than the others. The structures disclosed in the present disclosure are drawn in only one geometric form for clarity, but are intended to represent all geometric forms of the molecule.


Combinations

Molecules of Formula One may also be used in combination (such as, in a compositional mixture, or a simultaneous or sequential application) with one or more compounds having acaricidal, algicidal, avicidal, bactericidal, fungicidal, herbicidal, insecticidal, molluscicidal, nematicidal, rodenticidal, or virucidal properties. Additionally, the molecules of Formula One may also be used in combination (such as, in a compositional mixture, or a simultaneous or sequential application) with compounds that are antifeedants, bird repellents, chemosterilants, herbicide safeners, insect attractants, insect repellents, mammal repellents, mating disrupters, plant activators, plant growth regulators, or synergists. Examples of such compounds in the above groups that may be used with the Molecules of Formula One are—(3-ethoxypropyl)mercury bromide, 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,3-dichloropropene, 1-methylcyclopropene, 1-naphthol, 2-(octylthio)ethanol, 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid, 2,3,6-TBA, 2,3,6-TBA-dimethylammonium, 2,3,6-TBA-lithium, 2,3,6-TBA-potassium, 2,3,6-TBA-sodium, 2,4,5-T, 2,4,5-T-2-butoxypropyl, 2,4,5-T-2-ethylhexyl, 2,4,5-T-3-butoxypropyl, 2,4,5-TB, 2,4,5-T-butometyl, 2,4,5-T-butotyl, 2,4,5-T-butyl, 2,4,5-T-isobutyl, 2,4,5-T-isoctyl, 2,4,5-T-isopropyl, 2,4,5-T-methyl, 2,4,5-T-pentyl, 2,4,5-T-sodium, 2,4,5-T-triethylammonium, 2,4,5-T-trolamine, 2,4-D, 2,4-D-2-butoxypropyl, 2,4-D-2-ethylhexyl, 2,4-D-3-butoxypropyl, 2,4-D-ammonium, 2,4-DB, 2,4-DB-butyl, 2,4-DB-dimethylammonium, 2,4-DB-isoctyl, 2,4-DB-potassium, 2,4-DB-sodium, 2,4-D-butotyl, 2,4-D-butyl, 2,4-D-diethylammonium, 2,4-D-dimethylammonium, 2,4-D-diolamine, 2,4-D-dodecylammonium, 2,4-DEB, 2,4-DEP, 2,4-D-ethyl, 2,4-D-heptylammonium, 2,4-D-isobutyl, 2,4-D-isoctyl, 2,4-D-isopropyl, 2,4-D-isopropylammonium, 2,4-D-lithium, 2,4-D-meptyl, 2,4-D-methyl, 2,4-D-octyl, 2,4-D-pentyl, 2,4-D-potassium, 2,4-D-propyl, 2,4-D-sodium, 2,4-D-tefuryl, 2,4-D-tetradecylammonium, 2,4-D-triethylammonium, 2,4-D-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, 2,4-D-trolamine, 2iP, 2-methoxyethylmercury chloride, 2-phenylphenol, 3,4-DA, 3,4-DB, 3,4-DP, 4-aminopyridine, 4-CPA, 4-CPA-potassium, 4-CPA-sodium, 4-CPB, 4-CPP, 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, 8-phenylmercurioxyquinoline, abamectin, abscisic acid, ACC, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acethion, acetochlor, acetophos, acetoprole, acibenzolar, acibenzolar-S-methyl, acifluorfen, acifluorfen-methyl, acifluorfen-sodium, aclonifen, acrep, acrinathrin, acrolein, acrylonitrile, acypetacs, acypetacs-copper, acypetacs-zinc, alachlor, alanycarb, albendazole, aldicarb, aldimorph, aldoxycarb, aldrin, allethrin, allicin, allidochlor, allosamidin, alloxydim, alloxydim-sodium, allyl alcohol, allyxycarb, alorac, alpha-cypermethrin, alpha-endosulfan, ametoctradin, ametridione, ametryn, amibuzin, amicarbazone, amicarthiazol, amidithion, amidoflumet, amidosulfuron, aminocarb, aminocyclopyrachlor, aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl, aminocyclopyrachlor-potassium, aminopyralid, aminopyralid-potassium, aminopyralid-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, amiprofos-methyl, amiprophos, amisulbrom, amiton, amiton oxalate, amitraz, amitrole, ammonium sulfamate, ammonium α-naphthaleneacetate, amobam, ampropylfos, anabasine, ancymidol, anilazine, anilofos, anisuron, anthraquinone, antu, apholate, aramite, arsenous oxide, asomate, aspirin, asulam, asulam-potassium, asulam-sodium, athidathion, atraton, atrazine, aureofungin, aviglycine, aviglycine hydrochloride, azaconazole, azadirachtin, azafenidin, azamethiphos, azimsulfuron, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, aziprotryne, azithiram, azobenzene, azocyclotin, azothoate, azoxystrobin, bachmedesh, barban, barium hexafluorosilicate, barium polysulfide, barthrin, BCPC, beflubutamid, benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, benazolin, benazolin-dimethylammonium, benazolin-ethyl, benazolin-potassium, bencarbazone, benclothiaz, bendiocarb, benfluralin, benfuracarb, benfuresate, benodanil, benomyl, benoxacor, benoxafos, benquinox, bensulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, bensulide, bensultap, bentaluron, bentazone, bentazone-sodium, benthiavalicarb, benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, benthiazole, bentranil, benzadox, benzadox-ammonium, benzalkonium chloride, benzamacril, benzamacril-isobutyl, benzamorf, benzfendizone, benzipram, benzobicyclon, benzofenap, benzofluor, benzohydroxamic acid, benzoximate, benzoylprop, benzoylprop-ethyl, benzthiazuron, benzyl benzoate, benzyladenine, berberine, berberine chloride, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin, bethoxazin, bicyclopyrone, bifenazate, bifenox, bifenthrin, bifujunzhi, bilanafos, bilanafos-sodium, binapacryl, bingqingxiao, bioallethrin, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, bioresmethrin, biphenyl, bisazir, bismerthiazol, bispyribac, bispyribac-sodium, bistrifluron, bitertanol, bithionol, bixafen, blasticidin-S, borax, Bordeaux mixture, boric acid, boscalid, brassinolide, brassinolide-ethyl, brevicomin, brodifacoum, brofenvalerate, brofluthrinate, bromacil, bromacil-lithium, bromacil-sodium, bromadiolone, bromethalin, bromethrin, bromfenvinfos, bromoacetamide, bromobonil, bromobutide, bromocyclen, bromo-DDT, bromofenoxim, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, bromopropylate, bromothalonil, bromoxynil, bromoxynil butyrate, bromoxynil heptanoate, bromoxynil octanoate, bromoxynil-potassium, brompyrazon, bromuconazole, bronopol, bucarpolate, bufencarb, buminafos, bupirimate, buprofezin, Burgundy mixture, busulfan, butacarb, butachlor, butafenacil, butamifos, butathiofos, butenachlor, butethrin, buthidazole, buthiobate, buthiuron, butocarboxim, butonate, butopyronoxyl, butoxycarboxim, butralin, butroxydim, buturon, butylamine, butylate, cacodylic acid, cadusafos, cafenstrole, calcium arsenate, calcium chlorate, calcium cyanamide, calcium polysulfide, calvinphos, cambendichlor, camphechlor, camphor, captafol, captan, carbamorph, carbanolate, carbaryl, carbasulam, carbendazim, carbendazim benzenesulfonate, carbendazim sulfite, carbetamide, carbofuran, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, carbophenothion, carbosulfan, carboxazole, carboxide, carboxin, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, carpropamid, cartap, cartap hydrochloride, carvacrol, carvone, CDEA, cellocidin, CEPC, ceralure, Cheshunt mixture, chinomethionat, chitosan, chlobenthiazone, chlomethoxyfen, chloralose, chloramben, chloramben-ammonium, chloramben-diolamine, chloramben-methyl, chloramben-methylammonium, chloramben-sodium, chloramine phosphorus, chloramphenicol, chloraniformethan, chloranil, chloranocryl, chlorantraniliprole, chlorazifop, chlorazifop-propargyl, chlorazine, chlorbenside, chlorbenzuron, chlorbicyclen, chlorbromuron, chlorbufam, chlordane, chlordecone, chlordimeform, chlordimeform hydrochloride, chlorempenthrin, chlorethoxyfos, chloreturon, chlorfenac, chlorfenac-ammonium, chlorfenac-sodium, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenazole, chlorfenethol, chlorfenprop, chlorfenson, chlorfensulphide, chlorfenvinphos, chlorfluazuron, chlorflurazole, chlorfluren, chlorfluren-methyl, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, chloridazon, chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlormephos, chlormequat, chlormequat chloride, chlomidine, chlornitrofen, chlorobenzilate, chlorodinitronaphthalenes, chloroform, chloromebuform, chloromethiuron, chloroneb, chlorophacinone, chlorophacinone-sodium, chloropicrin, chloropon, chloropropylate, chlorothalonil, chlorotoluron, chloroxuron, chloroxynil, chlorphonium, chlorphonium chloride, chlorphoxim, chlorprazophos, chlorprocarb, chlorpropham, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorquinox, chlorsulfuron, chlorthal, chlorthal-dimethyl, chlorthal-monomethyl, chlorthiamid, chlorthiophos, chlozolinate, choline chloride, chromafenozide, cinerin I, cinerin II, cinerins, cinidon-ethyl, cinmethylin, cinosulfuron, ciobutide, cisanilide, cismethrin, clethodim, climbazole, cliodinate, clodinafop, clodinafop-propargyl, cloethocarb, clofencet, clofencet-potassium, clofentezine, clofibric acid, clofop, clofop-isobutyl, clomazone, clomeprop, cloprop, cloproxydim, clopyralid, clopyralid-methyl, clopyralid-olamine, clopyralid-potassium, clopyralid-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, cloquintocet, cloquintocet-mexyl, cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, closantel, clothianidin, clotrimazole, cloxyfonac, cloxyfonac-sodium, CMA, codlelure, colophonate, copper acetate, copper acetoarsenite, copper arsenate, copper carbonate, basic, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oleate, copper oxychloride, copper silicate, copper sulfate, copper zinc chromate, coumachlor, coumafuryl, coumaphos, coumatetralyl, coumithoate, coumoxystrobin, CPMC, CPMF, CPPC, credazine, cresol, crimidine, crotamiton, crotoxyphos, crufomate, cryolite, cue-lure, cufraneb, cumyluron, cuprobam, cuprous oxide, curcumenol, cyanamide, cyanatryn, cyanazine, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, cyanthoate, cyantraniliprole, cyazofamid, cybutryne, cyclafuramid, cyclanilide, cyclethrin, cycloate, cycloheximide, cycloprate, cycloprothrin, cyclosulfamuron, cycloxaprid, cycloxydim, cycluron, cyenopyrafen, cyflufenamid, cyflumetofen, cyfluthrin, cyhalofop, cyhalofop-butyl, cyhalothrin, cyhexatin, cymiazole, cymiazole hydrochloride, cymoxanil, cyometrinil, cypendazole, cypermethrin, cyperquat, cyperquat chloride, cyphenothrin, cyprazine, cyprazole, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, cyprofuram, cypromid, cyprosulfamide, cyromazine, cythioate, daimuron, dalapon, dalapon-calcium, dalapon-magnesium, dalapon-sodium, daminozide, dayoutong, dazomet, dazomet-sodium, DB CP, d-camphor, DCIP, DCPTA, DDT, debacarb, decafentin, decarbofuran, dehydroacetic acid, delachlor, deltamethrin, demephion, demephion-O, demephion-S, demeton, demeton-methyl, demeton-O, demeton-O-methyl, demeton-S, demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methylsulphon, desmedipham, desmetryn, d-fanshiluquebingjuzhi, diafenthiuron, dialifos, di-allate, diamidafos, diatomaceous earth, diazinon, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl succinate, dicamba, dicamba-diglycolamine, dicamba-dimethylammonium, dicamba-diolamine, dicamba-isopropylammonium, dicamba-methyl, dicamba-olamine, dicamba-potassium, dicamba-sodium, dicamba-trolamine, dicapthon, dichlobenil, dichlofenthion, dichlofluanid, dichlone, dichloralurea, dichlorbenzuron, dichlorflurenol, dichlorflurenol-methyl, dichlormate, dichlormid, dichlorophen, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-2-ethylhexyl, dichlorprop-butotyl, dichlorprop-dimethylammonium, dichlorprop-ethylammonium, dichlorprop-isoctyl, dichlorprop-methyl, dichlorprop-P, dichlorprop-P-2-ethylhexyl, dichlorprop-P-dimethylammonium, dichlorprop-potassium, dichlorprop-sodium, dichlorvos, dichlozoline, diclobutrazol, diclocymet, diclofop, diclofop-methyl, diclomezine, diclomezine-sodium, dicloran, diclosulam, dicofol, dicoumarol, dicresyl, dicrotophos, dicyclanil, dicyclonon, dieldrin, dienochlor, diethamquat, diethamquat dichloride, diethatyl, diethatyl-ethyl, diethofencarb, dietholate, diethyl pyrocarbonate, diethyltoluamide, difenacoum, difenoconazole, difenopenten, difenopenten-ethyl, difenoxuron, difenzoquat, difenzoquat metilsulfate, difethialone, diflovidazin, diflubenzuron, diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, diflumetorim, dikegulac, dikegulac-sodium, dilor, dimatif, dimefluthrin, dimefox, dimefuron, dimepiperate, dimetachlone, dimetan, dimethacarb, dimethachlor, dimethametryn, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, dimethipin, dimethirimol, dimethoate, dimethomorph, dimethrin, dimethyl carbate, dimethyl phthalate, dimethylvinphos, dimetilan, dimexano, dimidazon, dimoxystrobin, dinex, dinex-diclexine, dingjunezuo, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, dinitramine, dinobuton, dinocap, dinocap-4, dinocap-6, dinocton, dinofenate, dinopenton, dinoprop, dinosam, dinoseb, dinoseb acetate, dinoseb-ammonium, dinoseb-diolamine, dinoseb-sodium, dinoseb-trolamine, dinosulfon, dinotefuran, dinoterb, dinoterb acetate, dinoterbon, diofenolan, dioxabenzofos, dioxacarb, dioxathion, diphacinone, diphacinone-sodium, diphenamid, diphenyl sulfone, diphenylamine, dipropalin, dipropetryn, dipyrithione, diquat, diquat dibromide, disparlure, disul, disulfiram, disulfoton, disul-sodium, ditalimfos, dithianon, dithicrofos, dithioether, dithiopyr, diuron, d-limonene, DMPA, DNOC, DNOC-ammonium, DNOC-potassium, DNOC-sodium, dodemorph, dodemorph acetate, dodemorph benzoate, dodicin, dodicin hydrochloride, dodicin-sodium, dodine, dofenapyn, dominicalure, doramectin, drazoxolon, DSMA, dufulin, EBEP, EBP, ecdysterone, edifenphos, eglinazine, eglinazine-ethyl, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, EMPC, empenthrin, endosulfan, endothal, endothal-diammonium, endothal-dipotassium, endothal-disodium, endothion, endrin, enestroburin, EPN, epocholeone, epofenonane, epoxiconazole, eprinomectin, epronaz, EPTC, erbon, ergocalciferol, erlujixiancaoan, esdépalléthrine, esfenvalerate, esprocarb, etacelasil, etaconazole, etaphos, etem, ethaboxam, ethachlor, ethalfluralin, ethametsulfuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethaprochlor, ethephon, ethidimuron, ethiofencarb, ethiolate, ethion, ethiozin, ethiprole, ethirimol, ethoate-methyl, ethofumesate, ethohexadiol, ethoprophos, ethoxyfen, ethoxyfen-ethyl, ethoxyquin, ethoxysulfuron, ethychlozate, ethyl formate, ethyl α-naphthaleneacetate, ethyl-DDD, ethylene, ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, ethylene oxide, ethylicin, ethylmercury 2,3-dihydroxypropyl mercaptide, ethylmercury acetate, ethylmercury bromide, ethylmercury chloride, ethylmercury phosphate, etinofen, etnipromid, etobenzanid, etofenprox, etoxazole, etridiazole, etrimfos, eugenol, EXD, famoxadone, famphur, fenamidone, fenaminosulf, fenamiphos, fenapanil, fenarimol, fenasulam, fenazaflor, fenazaquin, fenbuconazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenchlorazole, fenchlorazole-ethyl, fenchlorphos, fenclorim, fenethacarb, fenfluthrin, fenfuram, fenhexamid, fenitropan, fenitrothion, fenjuntong, fenobucarb, fenoprop, fenoprop-3-butoxypropyl, fenoprop-butometyl, fenoprop-butotyl, fenoprop-butyl, fenoprop-isoctyl, fenoprop-methyl, fenoprop-potassium, fenothiocarb, fenoxacrim, fenoxanil, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fenoxasulfone, fenoxycarb, fenpiclonil, fenpirithrin, fenpropathrin, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fenpyrazamine, fenpyroximate, fenridazon, fenridazon-potassium, fenridazon-propyl, fenson, fensulfothion, fenteracol, fenthiaprop, fenthiaprop-ethyl, fenthion, fenthion-ethyl, fentin, fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide, fentrazamide, fentrifanil, fenuron, fenuron TCA, fenvalerate, ferbam, ferimzone, ferrous sulfate, fipronil, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-M, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl, flazasulfuron, flocoumafen, flometoquin, flonicamid, florasulam, fluacrypyrim, fluazifop, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-methyl, fluazifop-P, fluazifop-P-butyl, fluazinam, fluazolate, fluazuron, flubendiamide, flubenzimine, flucarbazone, flucarbazone-sodium, flucetosulfuron, fluchloralin, flucofuron, flucycloxuron, flucythrinate, fludioxonil, fluenetil, fluensulfone, flufenacet, flufenerim, flufenican, flufenoxuron, flufenprox, flufenpyr, flufenpyr-ethyl, flufiprole, flumethrin, flumetover, flumetralin, flumetsulam, flumezin, flumiclorac, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, flumipropyn, flumorph, fluometuron, fluopicolide, fluopyram, fluorbenside, fluoridamid, fluoroacetamide, fluorodifen, fluoroglycofen, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, fluoroimide, fluoromidine, fluoronitrofen, fluothiuron, fluotrimazole, fluoxastrobin, flupoxam, flupropacil, flupropadine, flupropanate, flupropanate-sodium, flupyradifurone, flupyrsulfuron, flupyrsulfuron-methyl, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium, fluquinconazole, flurazole, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, flurenol-methyl, fluridone, flurochloridone, fluroxypyr, fluroxypyr-butometyl, fluroxypyr-meptyl, flurprimidol, flursulamid, flurtamone, flusilazole, flusulfamide, fluthiacet, fluthiacet-methyl, flutianil, flutolanil, flutriafol, fluvalinate, fluxapyroxad, fluxofenim, folpet, fomesafen, fomesafen-sodium, fonofos, foramsulfuron, forchlorfenuron, formaldehyde, formetanate, formetanate hydrochloride, formothion, formparanate, formparanate hydrochloride, fosamine, fosamine-ammonium, fosetyl, fosetyl-aluminium, fosmethilan, fospirate, fosthiazate, fosthietan, frontalin, fuberidazole, fucaojing, fucaomi, funaihecaoling, fuphenthiourea, furalane, furalaxyl, furamethrin, furametpyr, furathiocarb, furcarbanil, furconazole, furconazole-cis, furethrin, furfural, furilazole, furmecyclox, furophanate, furyloxyfen, gamma-cyhalothrin, gamma-HCH, genit, gibberellic acid, gibberellins, gliftor, glufosinate, glufosinate-ammonium, glufosinate-P, glufosinate-P-ammonium, glufosinate-P-sodium, glyodin, glyoxime, glyphosate, glyphosate-diammonium, glyphosate-dimethylammonium, glyphosate-isopropylammonium, glyphosate-monoammonium, glyphosate-potassium, glyphosate-sesquisodium, glyphosate-trimesium, glyphosine, gossyplure, grandlure, griseofulvin, guazatine, guazatine acetates, halacrinate, halfenprox, halofenozide, halosafen, halosulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, haloxydine, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-etotyl, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-P-etotyl, haloxyfop-P-methyl, haloxyfop-sodium, HCH, hemel, hempa, HEOD, heptachlor, heptenophos, heptopargil, heterophos, hexachloroacetone, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, hexachlorophene, hexaconazole, hexaflumuron, hexaflurate, hexalure, hexamide, hexazinone, hexylthiofos, hexythiazox, HHDN, holosulf, huancaiwo, huangcaoling, huanjunzuo, hydramethylnon, hydrargaphen, hydrated lime, hydrogen cyanide, hydroprene, hymexazol, hyquincarb, IAA, IBA, icaridin, imazalil, imazalil nitrate, imazalil sulfate, imazamethabenz, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazamox-ammonium, imazapic, imazapic-ammonium, imazapyr, imazapyr-isopropylammonium, imazaquin, imazaquin-ammonium, imazaquin-methyl, imazaquin-sodium, imazethapyr, imazethapyr-ammonium, imazosulfuron, imibenconazole, imicyafos, imidacloprid, imidaclothiz, iminoctadine, iminoctadine triacetate, iminoctadine trialbesilate, imiprothrin, inabenfide, indanofan, indaziflam, indoxacarb, inezin, iodobonil, iodocarb, iodomethane, iodosulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, iofensulfuron, iofensulfuron-sodium, ioxynil, ioxynil octanoate, ioxynil-lithium, ioxynil-sodium, ipazine, ipconazole, ipfencarbazone, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarb, iprymidam, ipsdienol, ipsenol, IPSP, isamidofos, isazofos, isobenzan, isocarbamid, isocarbophos, isocil, isodrin, isofenphos, isofenphos-methyl, isolan, isomethiozin, isonoruron, isopolinate, isoprocarb, isopropalin, isoprothiolane, isoproturon, isopyrazam, isopyrimol, isothioate, isotianil, isouron, isovaledione, isoxaben, isoxachlortole, isoxadifen, isoxadifen-ethyl, isoxaflutole, isoxapyrifop, isoxathion, ivermectin, izopamfos, japonilure, japothrins, jasmolin I, jasmolin II, jasmonic acid, jiahuangchongzong, jiajizengxiaolin, jiaxiangjunzhi, jiecaowan, jiecaoxi, jodfenphos, juvenile hormone I, juvenile hormone II, juvenile hormone III, kadethrin, karbutilate, karetazan, karetazan-potassium, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride, kejunlin, kelevan, ketospiradox, ketospiradox-potassium, kinetin, kinoprene, kresoxim-methyl, kuicaoxi, lactofen, lambda-cyhalothrin, latilure, lead arsenate, lenacil, lepimectin, leptophos, lindane, lineatin, linuron, lirimfos, litlure, looplure, lufenuron, lvdingjunzhi, lvxiancaolin, lythidathion, MAA, malathion, maleic hydrazide, malonoben, maltodextrin, MAMA, mancopper, mancozeb, mandipropamid, maneb, matrine, mazidox, MCPA, MCPA-2-ethylhexyl, MCPA-butotyl, MCPA-butyl, MCPA-dimethylammonium, MCPA-diolamine, MCPA-ethyl, MCPA-isobutyl, MCPA-isoctyl, MCPA-isopropyl, MCPA-methyl, MCPA-olamine, MCPA-potassium, MCPA-sodium, MCPA-thioethyl, MCPA-trolamine, MCPB, MCPB-ethyl, MCPB-methyl, MCPB-sodium, mebenil, mecarbam, mecarbinzid, mecarphon, mecoprop, mecoprop-2-ethylhexyl, mecoprop-dimethylammonium, mecoprop-diolamine, mecoprop-ethadyl, mecoprop-isoctyl, mecoprop-methyl, mecoprop-P, mecoprop-P-2-ethylhexyl, mecoprop-P-dimethylammonium, mecoprop-P-isobutyl, mecoprop-potassium, mecoprop-P-potassium, mecoprop-sodium, mecoprop-trolamine, medimeform, medinoterb, medinoterb acetate, medlure, mefenacet, mefenpyr, mefenpyr-diethyl, mefluidide, mefluidide-diolamine, mefluidide-potassium, megatomoic acid, menazon, mepanipyrim, meperfluthrin, mephenate, mephosfolan, mepiquat, mepiquat chloride, mepiquat pentaborate, mepronil, meptyldinocap, mercuric chloride, mercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, merphos, mesoprazine, mesosulfuron, mesosulfuron-methyl, mesotrione, mesulfen, mesulfenfos, metaflumizone, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, metaldehyde, metam, metam-ammonium, metamifop, metamitron, metam-potassium, metam-sodium, metazachlor, metazosulfuron, metazoxolon, metconazole, metepa, metflurazon, methabenzthiazuron, methacrifos, methalpropalin, methamidophos, methasulfocarb, methazole, methfuroxam, methidathion, methiobencarb, methiocarb, methiopyrisulfuron, methiotepa, methiozolin, methiuron, methocrotophos, methometon, methomyl, methoprene, methoprotryne, methoquin-butyl, methothrin, methoxychlor, methoxyfenozide, methoxyphenone, methyl apholate, methyl bromide, methyl eugenol, methyl iodide, methyl isothiocyanate, methylacetophos, methylchloroform, methyldymron, methylene chloride, methylmercury benzoate, methylmercury dicyandiamide, methylmercury pentachlorophenoxide, methylneodecanamide, metiram, metobenzuron, metobromuron, metofluthrin, metolachlor, metolcarb, metominostrobin, metosulam, metoxadiazone, metoxuron, metrafenone, metribuzin, metsulfovax, metsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, mevinphos, mexacarbate, mieshuan, milbemectin, milbemycin oxime, milneb, mipafox, mirex, MNAF, moguchun, molinate, molosultap, monalide, monisouron, monochloroacetic acid, monocrotophos, monolinuron, monosulfuron, monosulfuron-ester, monuron, monuron TCA, morfamquat, morfamquat dichloride, moroxydine, moroxydine hydrochloride, morphothion, morzid, moxidectin, MSMA, muscalure, myclobutanil, myclozolin, N-(ethylmercury)-p-toluenesulphonanilide, nabam, naftalofos, naled, naphthalene, naphthaleneacetamide, naphthalic anhydride, naphthoxyacetic acids, naproanilide, napropamide, naptalam, naptalam-sodium, natamycin, neburon, niclosamide, niclosamide-olamine, nicosulfuron, nicotine, nifluridide, nipyraclofen, nitenpyram, nithiazine, nitralin, nitrapyrin, nitrilacarb, nitrofen, nitrofluorfen, nitrostyrene, nitrothal-isopropyl, norbormide, norflurazon, nomicotine, noruron, novaluron, noviflumuron, nuarimol, OCH, octachlorodipropyl ether, octhilinone, ofurace, omethoate, orbencarb, orfralure, ortho-dichlorobenzene, orthosulfamuron, oryctalure, orysastrobin, oryzalin, osthol, ostramone, oxabetrinil, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxadixyl, oxamate, oxamyl, oxapyrazon, oxapyrazon-dimolamine, oxapyrazon-sodium, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefone, oxine-copper, oxolinic acid, oxpoconazole, oxpoconazole fumarate, oxycarboxin, oxydemeton-methyl, oxydeprofos, oxydisulfoton, oxyfluorfen, oxymatrine, oxytetracycline, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, paclobutrazol, paichongding, para-dichlorobenzene, parafluron, paraquat, paraquat dichloride, paraquat dimetilsulfate, parathion, parathion-methyl, parinol, pebulate, pefurazoate, pelargonic acid, penconazole, pencycuron, pendimethalin, penflufen, penfluron, penoxsulam, pentachlorophenol, pentanochlor, penthiopyrad, pentmethrin, pentoxazone, perfluidone, permethrin, pethoxamid, phenamacril, phenazine oxide, phenisopham, phenkapton, phenmedipham, phenmedipham-ethyl, phenobenzuron, phenothrin, phenproxide, phenthoate, phenylmercuriurea, phenylmercury acetate, phenylmercury chloride, phenylmercury derivative of pyrocatechol, phenylmercury nitrate, phenylmercury salicylate, phorate, phosacetim, phosalone, phosdiphen, phosfolan, phosfolan-methyl, phosglycin, phosmet, phosnichlor, phosphamidon, phosphine, phosphocarb, phosphorus, phostin, phoxim, phoxim-methyl, phthalide, picloram, picloram-2-ethylhexyl, picloram-isoctyl, picloram-methyl, picloram-olamine, picloram-potassium, picloram-triethylammonium, picloram-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, picolinafen, picoxystrobin, pindone, pindone-sodium, pinoxaden, piperalin, piperonyl butoxide, piperonyl cyclonene, piperophos, piproctanyl, piproctanyl bromide, piprotal, pirimetaphos, pirimicarb, pirimioxyphos, pirimiphos-ethyl, pirimiphos-methyl, plifenate, polycarbamate, polyoxins, polyoxorim, polyoxorim-zinc, polythialan, potassium arsenite, potassium azide, potassium cyanate, potassium gibberellate, potassium naphthenate, potassium polysulfide, potassium thiocyanate, potassium α-naphthaleneacetate, pp′-DDT, prallethrin, precocene I, precocene II, precocene III, pretilachlor, primidophos, primisulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, probenazole, prochloraz, prochloraz-manganese, proclonol, procyazine, procymidone, prodiamine, profenofos, profluazol, profluralin, profluthrin, profoxydim, proglinazine, proglinazine-ethyl, prohexadione, prohexadione-calcium, prohydrojasmon, promacyl, promecarb, prometon, prometryn, promurit, propachlor, propamidine, propamidine dihydrochloride, propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride, propanil, propaphos, propaquizafop, propargite, proparthrin, propazine, propetamphos, propham, propiconazole, propineb, propisochlor, propoxur, propoxycarbazone, propoxycarbazone-sodium, propyl isome, propyrisulfuron, propyzamide, proquinazid, prosuler, prosulfalin, prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, prothidathion, prothiocarb, prothiocarb hydrochloride, prothioconazole, prothiofos, prothoate, protrifenbute, proxan, proxan-sodium, prynachlor, pydanon, pymetrozine, pyracarbolid, pyraclofos, pyraclonil, pyraclostrobin, pyraflufen, pyraflufen-ethyl, pyrafluprole, pyramat, pyrametostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyrasulfotole, pyrazolynate, pyrazophos, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyrazothion, pyrazoxyfen, pyresmethrin, pyrethrin I, pyrethrin II, pyrethrins, pyribambenz-isopropyl, pyribambenz-propyl, pyribencarb, pyribenzoxim, pyributicarb, pyriclor, pyridaben, pyridafol, pyridalyl, pyridaphenthion, pyridate, pyridinitril, pyrifenox, pyrifluquinazon, pyriftalid, pyrimethanil, pyrimidifen, pyriminobac, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrimisulfan, pyrimitate, pyrinuron, pyriofenone, pyriprole, pyripropanol, pyriproxyfen, pyrithiobac, pyrithiobac-sodium, pyrolan, pyroquilon, pyroxasulfone, pyroxsulam, pyroxychlor, pyroxyfur, quassia, quinacetol, quinacetol sulfate, quinalphos, quinalphos-methyl, quinazamid, quinclorac, quinconazole, quinmerac, quinoclamine, quinonamid, quinothion, quinoxyfen, quintiofos, quintozene, quizalofop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-P, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, quwenzhi, quyingding, rabenzazole, rafoxanide, rebemide, resmethrin, rhodethanil, rhodojaponin-III, ribavirin, rimsulfuron, rotenone, ryania, saflufenacil, saijunmao, saisentong, salicylanilide, sanguinarine, santonin, schradan, scilliroside, sebuthylazine, secbumeton, sedaxane, selamectin, semiamitraz, semiamitraz chloride, sesamex, sesamolin, sethoxydim, shuangjiaancaolin, siduron, siglure, silafluofen, silatrane, silica gel, silthiofam, simazine, simeconazole, simeton, simetryn, sintofen, SMA, S-metolachlor, sodium arsenite, sodium azide, sodium chlorate, sodium fluoride, sodium fluoroacetate, sodium hexafluorosilicate, sodium naphthenate, sodium orthophenylphenoxide, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, sodium polysulfide, sodium thiocyanate, sodium α-naphthaleneacetate, sophamide, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, spiroxamine, streptomycin, streptomycin sesquisulfate, strychnine, sulcatol, sulcofuron, sulcofuron-sodium, sulcotrione, sulfallate, sulfentrazone, sulfiram, sulfluramid, sulfometuron, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, sulfotep, sulfoxaflor, sulfoxide, sulfoxime, sulfur, sulfuric acid, sulfuryl fluoride, sulglycapin, sulprofos, sultropen, swep, tau-fluvalinate, tavron, tazimcarb, TCA, TCA-ammonium, TCA-calcium, TCA-ethadyl, TCA-magnesium, TCA-sodium, TDE, tebuconazole, tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, tebufloquin, tebupirimfos, tebutam, tebuthiuron, tecloftalam, tecnazene, tecoram, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, temephos, tepa, TEPP, tepraloxydim, terallethrin, terbacil, terbucarb, terbuchlor, terbufos, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, tetcyclacis, tetrachloroethane, tetrachlorvinphos, tetraconazole, tetradifon, tetrafluron, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin, tetramine, tetranactin, tetrasul, thallium sulfate, thenylchlor, theta-cypermethrin, thiabendazole, thiacloprid, thiadifluor, thiamethoxam, thiapronil, thiazafluron, thiazopyr, thicrofos, thicyofen, thidiazimin, thidiazuron, thiencarbazone, thiencarbazone-methyl, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, thifluzamide, thiobencarb, thiocarboxime, thiochlorfenphim, thiocyclam, thiocyclam hydrochloride, thiocyclam oxalate, thiodiazole-copper, thiodicarb, thiofanox, thiofluoximate, thiohempa, thiomersal, thiometon, thionazin, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, thioquinox, thiosemicarbazide, thiosultap, thiosultap-diammonium, thiosultap-disodium, thiosultap-monosodium, thiotepa, thiram, thuringiensin, tiadinil, tiaojiean, tiocarbazil, tioclorim, tioxymid, tirpate, tolclofos-methyl, tolfenpyrad, tolylfluanid, tolylmercury acetate, topramezone, tralkoxydim, tralocythrin, tralomethrin, tralopyril, transfluthrin, transpermethrin, tretamine, triacontanol, triadimefon, triadimenol, triafamone, tri-allate, triamiphos, triapenthenol, triarathene, triarimol, triasulfuron, triazamate, triazbutil, triaziflam, triazophos, triazoxide, tribenuron, tribenuron-methyl, tribufos, tributyltin oxide, tricamba, trichlamide, trichlorfon, trichlormetaphos-3, trichloronat, triclopyr, triclopyr-butotyl, triclopyr-ethyl, triclopyr-triethylammonium, tricyclazole, tridemorph, tridiphane, trietazine, trifenmorph, trifenofos, trifloxystrobin, trifloxysulfuron, trifloxysulfuron-sodium, triflumizole, triflumuron, trifluralin, triflusulfuron, triflusulfuron-methyl, trifop, trifop-methyl, trifopsime, triforine, trihydroxytriazine, trimedlure, trimethacarb, trimeturon, trinexapac, trinexapac-ethyl, triprene, tripropindan, triptolide, tritac, triticonazole, tritosulfuron, trunc-call, uniconazole, uniconazole-P, urbacide, uredepa, valerate, validamycin, valifenalate, valone, vamidothion, vangard, vaniliprole, vernolate, vinclozolin, warfarin, warfarin-potassium, warfarin-sodium, xiaochongliulin, xinjunan, xiwojunan, XMC, xylachlor, xylenols, xylylcarb, yishijing, zarilamid, zeatin, zengxiaoan, zeta-cypermethrin, zinc naphthenate, zinc phosphide, zinc thiazole, zineb, ziram, zolaprofos, zoxamide, zuomihuanglong, α-chlorohydrin, α-ecdysone, α-multistriatin, and α-naphthaleneacetic acid. For more information consult the “COMPENDIUM OF PESTICIDE COMMON NAMES” located at http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/index.html. Also consult “THE PESTICIDE MANUAL” 14th Edition, edited by C D S Tomlin, copyright 2006 by British Crop Production Council, or its prior or more recent editions.


Biopesticides

Molecules of Formula One may also be used in combination (such as in a compositional mixture, or a simultaneous or sequential application) with one or more biopesticides. The term “biopesticide” is used for microbial biological pest control agents that are applied in a similar manner to chemical pesticides. Commonly these are bacterial, but there are also examples of fungal control agents, including Trichoderma spp. and Ampelomyces quisqualis (a control agent for grape powdery mildew). Bacillus subtilis are used to control plant pathogens. Weeds and rodents have also been controlled with microbial agents. One well-known insecticide example is Bacillus thuringiensis, a bacterial disease of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Diptera. Because it has little effect on other organisms, it is considered more environmentally friendly than synthetic pesticides. Biological insecticides include products based on:


1. entomopathogenic fungi (e.g. Metarhizium anisopliae);


2. entomopathogenic nematodes (e.g. Steinemema feltiae); and


3. entomopathogenic viruses (e.g. Cydia pomonella granulovirus).


Other examples of entomopathogenic organisms include, but are not limited to, baculoviruses, bacteria and other prokaryotic organisms, fungi, protozoa and Microsproridia. Biologically derived insecticides include, but not limited to, rotenone, veratridine, as well as microbial toxins; insect tolerant or resistant plant varieties; and organisms modified by recombinant DNA technology to either produce insecticides or to convey an insect resistant property to the genetically modified organism. In one embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used with one or more biopesticides in the area of seed treatments and soil amendments. The Manual of Biocontrol Agents gives a review of the available biological insecticide (and other biology-based control) products. Copping L. G. (ed.) (2004). The Manual of Biocontrol Agents (formerly the Biopesticide Manual) 3rd Edition. British Crop Production Council (BCPC), Farnham, Surrey UK.


Other Active Compounds

Molecules of Formula One may also be used in combination (such as in a compositional mixture, or a simultaneous or sequential application) with one or more of the following:

  • 1. 3-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4,5]dec-3-en-2-one;
  • 2. 3-(4′-chloro-2,4-dimethyl[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4,5]dec-3-en-2-one;
  • 3. 4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]methylamino]-2(5H)-furanone;
  • 4. 4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]cyclopropylamino]-2(5H)-furanone;
  • 5. 3-chloro-N2-[(1S)-1-methyl-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-N1-[2-methyl-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1,2-benzenedicarboxamide;
  • 6. 2-cyano-N-ethyl-4-fluoro-3-methoxy-benenesulfonamide;
  • 7. 2-cyano-N-ethyl-3-methoxy-benzenesulfonamide;
  • 8. 2-cyano-3-difluoromethoxy-N-ethyl-4-fluoro-benzenesulfonamide;
  • 9. 2-cyano-3-fluoromethoxy-N-ethyl-benzenesulfonamide;
  • 10. 2-cyano-6-fluoro-3-methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-benzenesulfonamide;
  • 11. 2-cyano-N-ethyl-6-fluoro-3-methoxy-N-methyl-benzenesulfonamide;
  • 12. 2-cyano-3-difluoromethoxy-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfon-amide;
  • 13. 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[2-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)phenyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;
  • 14. N-ethyl-2,2-dimethylpropionamide-2-(2,6-dichloro-α,α,α-trifluoro-p-tolyl) hydrazone;
  • 15. N-ethyl-2,2-dichloro-1-methylcyclopropane-carboxamide-2-(2,6-dichloro-α,α,α-trifluoro-p-tolyl) hydrazone nicotine;
  • 16. O-{(E-)-[2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-2-cyano-1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-vinyl]}S-methyl thiocarbonate;
  • 17. (E)-N1-[(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethyl)]-N2-cyano-N1-methylacetamidine;
  • 18. 1-(6-chloropyridin-3-ylmethyl)-7-methyl-8-nitro-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-5-ol;
  • 19. 4-[4-chlorophenyl-(2-butylidine-hydrazono)methyl)]phenyl mesylate; and
  • 20. N-Ethyl-2,2-dichloro-1-methylcyclopropanecarboxamide-2-(2,6-dichloro-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-p-tolyl)hydrazone.


Synergistic Mixtures

Molecules of Formula One may be used with certain active compounds to form synergistic mixtures where the mode of action of such compounds compared to the mode of action of the molecules of Formula One are the same, similar, or different. Examples of modes of action include, but are not limited to: acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; sodium channel modulator; chitin biosynthesis inhibitor; GABA and glutamate-gated chloride channel antagonist; GABA and glutamate-gated chloride channel agonist; acetylcholine receptor agonist; acetylcholine receptor antagonist; MET I inhibitor; Mg-stimulated ATPase inhibitor; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; Midgut membrane disrupter; oxidative phosphorylation disrupter, and ryanodine receptor (RyRs). Generally, weight ratios of the molecules of Formula One in a synergistic mixture with another compound are from about 10:1 to about 1:10, in another embodiment from about 5:1 to about 1:5, and in another embodiment from about 3:1, and in another embodiment about 1:1.


Formulations

A pesticide is rarely suitable for application in its pure form. It is usually necessary to add other substances so that the pesticide can be used at the required concentration and in an appropriate form, permitting ease of application, handling, transportation, storage, and maximum pesticide activity. Thus, pesticides are formulated into, for example, baits, concentrated emulsions, dusts, emulsifiable concentrates, fumigants, gels, granules, microencapsulations, seed treatments, suspension concentrates, suspoemulsions, tablets, water soluble liquids, water dispersible granules or dry flowables, wettable powders, and ultra-low volume solutions. For further information on formulation types see “Catalogue of Pesticide Formulation Types and International Coding System” Technical Monograph n° 2, 5th Edition by CropLife International (2002).


Pesticides are applied most often as aqueous suspensions or emulsions prepared from concentrated formulations of such pesticides. Such water-soluble, water-suspendable, or emulsifiable formulations are either solids, usually known as wettable powders, or water dispersible granules, or liquids usually known as emulsifiable concentrates, or aqueous suspensions. Wettable powders, which may be compacted to form water dispersible granules, comprise an intimate mixture of the pesticide, a carrier, and surfactants. The concentration of the pesticide is usually from about 10% to about 90% by weight. The carrier is usually selected from among the attapulgite clays, the montmorillonite clays, the diatomaceous earths, or the purified silicates. Effective surfactants, comprising from about 0.5% to about 10% of the wettable powder, are found among sulfonated lignins, condensed naphthalenesulfonates, naphthalenesulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkyl sulfates, and non-ionic surfactants such as ethylene oxide adducts of alkyl phenols.


Emulsifiable concentrates of pesticides comprise a convenient concentration of a pesticide, such as from about 50 to about 500 grams per liter of liquid dissolved in a carrier that is either a water miscible solvent or a mixture of water-immiscible organic solvent and emulsifiers. Useful organic solvents include aromatics, especially xylenes and petroleum fractions, especially the high-boiling naphthalenic and olefinic portions of petroleum such as heavy aromatic naphtha. Other organic solvents may also be used, such as the terpenic solvents including rosin derivatives, aliphatic ketones such as cyclohexanone, and complex alcohols such as 2-ethoxyethanol. Suitable emulsifiers for emulsifiable concentrates are selected from conventional anionic and non-ionic surfactants.


Aqueous suspensions comprise suspensions of water-insoluble pesticides dispersed in an aqueous carrier at a concentration in the range from about 5% to about 50% by weight. Suspensions are prepared by finely grinding the pesticide and vigorously mixing it into a carrier comprised of water and surfactants. Ingredients, such as inorganic salts and synthetic or natural gums may also be added, to increase the density and viscosity of the aqueous carrier. It is often most effective to grind and mix the pesticide at the same time by preparing the aqueous mixture and homogenizing it in an implement such as a sand mill, ball mill, or piston-type homogenizer.


Pesticides may also be applied as granular compositions that are particularly useful for applications to the soil. Granular compositions usually contain from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of the pesticide, dispersed in a carrier that comprises clay or a similar substance. Such compositions are usually prepared by dissolving the pesticide in a suitable solvent and applying it to a granular carrier which has been pre-formed to the appropriate particle size, in the range of from about 0.5 to about 3 mm Such compositions may also be formulated by making a dough or paste of the carrier and compound and crushing and drying to obtain the desired granular particle size.


Dusts containing a pesticide are prepared by intimately mixing the pesticide in powdered form with a suitable dusty agricultural carrier, such as kaolin clay, ground volcanic rock, and the like. Dusts can suitably contain from about 1% to about 10% of the pesticide. They can be applied as a seed dressing or as a foliage application with a dust blower machine.


It is equally practical to apply a pesticide in the form of a solution in an appropriate organic solvent, usually petroleum oil, such as the spray oils, which are widely used in agricultural chemistry.


Pesticides can also be applied in the form of an aerosol composition. In such compositions the pesticide is dissolved or dispersed in a carrier, which is a pressure-generating propellant mixture. The aerosol composition is packaged in a container from which the mixture is dispensed through an atomizing valve.


Pesticide baits are formed when the pesticide is mixed with food or an attractant or both. When the pests eat the bait they also consume the pesticide. Baits may take the form of granules, gels, flowable powders, liquids, or solids. They can be used in pest harborages.


Fumigants are pesticides that have a relatively high vapor pressure and hence can exist as a gas in sufficient concentrations to kill pests in soil or enclosed spaces. The toxicity of the fumigant is proportional to its concentration and the exposure time. They are characterized by a good capacity for diffusion and act by penetrating the pest's respiratory system or being absorbed through the pest's cuticle. Fumigants are applied to control stored product pests under gas proof sheets, in gas sealed rooms or buildings or in special chambers.


Pesticides can be microencapsulated by suspending the pesticide particles or droplets in plastic polymers of various types. By altering the chemistry of the polymer or by changing factors in the processing, microcapsules can be formed of various sizes, solubility, wall thicknesses, and degrees of penetrability. These factors govern the speed with which the active ingredient within is released, which in turn, affects the residual performance, speed of action, and odor of the product.


Oil solution concentrates are made by dissolving pesticide in a solvent that will hold the pesticide in solution. Oil solutions of a pesticide usually provide faster knockdown and kill of pests than other formulations due to the solvents themselves having pesticidal action and the dissolution of the waxy covering of the integument increasing the speed of uptake of the pesticide. Other advantages of oil solutions include better storage stability, better penetration of crevices, and better adhesion to greasy surfaces.


Another embodiment is an oil-in-water emulsion, wherein the emulsion comprises oily globules which are each provided with a lamellar liquid crystal coating and are dispersed in an aqueous phase, wherein each oily globule comprises at least one compound which is agriculturally active, and is individually coated with a monolamellar or oligolamellar layer comprising: (1) at least one non-ionic lipophilic surface-active agent, (2) at least one non-ionic hydrophilic surface-active agent and (3) at least one ionic surface-active agent, wherein the globules having a mean particle diameter of less than 800 nanometers. Further information on the embodiment is disclosed in U.S. patent publication 20070027034 published Feb. 1, 2007, having patent application Ser. No. 11/495,228. For ease of use, this embodiment will be referred to as “OIWE”.


For further information consult “Insect Pest Management” 2nd Edition by D. Dent, copyright CAB International (2000). Additionally, for more detailed information consult “Handbook of Pest Control—The Behavior, Life History, and Control of Household Pests” by Arnold Mattis, 9th Edition, copyright 2004 by GIE Media Inc.


Other Formulation Components

Generally, when the molecules disclosed in Formula One are used in a formulation, such formulation can also contain other components. These components include, but are not limited to, (this is a non-exhaustive and non-mutually exclusive list) wetters, spreaders, stickers, penetrants, buffers, sequestering agents, drift reduction agents, compatibility agents, anti-foam agents, cleaning agents, and emulsifiers. A few components are described forthwith.


A wetting agent is a substance that when added to a liquid increases the spreading or penetration power of the liquid by reducing the interfacial tension between the liquid and the surface on which it is spreading. Wetting agents are used for two main functions in agrochemical formulations: during processing and manufacture to increase the rate of wetting of powders in water to make concentrates for soluble liquids or suspension concentrates; and during mixing of a product with water in a spray tank to reduce the wetting time of wettable powders and to improve the penetration of water into water-dispersible granules. Examples of wetting agents used in wettable powder, suspension concentrate, and water-dispersible granule formulations are: sodium lauryl sulfate; sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; alkyl phenol ethoxylates; and aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates.


A dispersing agent is a substance which adsorbs onto the surface of particles and helps to preserve the state of dispersion of the particles and prevents them from reaggregating. Dispersing agents are added to agrochemical formulations to facilitate dispersion and suspension during manufacture, and to ensure the particles redisperse into water in a spray tank. They are widely used in wettable powders, suspension concentrates and water-dispersible granules. Surfactants that are used as dispersing agents have the ability to adsorb strongly onto a particle surface and provide a charged or steric barrier to reaggregation of particles. The most commonly used surfactants are anionic, non-ionic, or mixtures of the two types. For wettable powder formulations, the most common dispersing agents are sodium lignosulfonates. For suspension concentrates, very good adsorption and stabilization are obtained using polyelectrolytes, such as sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates. Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate phosphate esters are also used. Non-ionics such as alkylarylethylene oxide condensates and EO-PO block copolymers are sometimes combined with anionics as dispersing agents for suspension concentrates. In recent years, new types of very high molecular weight polymeric surfactants have been developed as dispersing agents. These have very long hydrophobic ‘backbones’ and a large number of ethylene oxide chains forming the ‘teeth’ of a ‘comb’ surfactant. These high molecular weight polymers can give very good long-term stability to suspension concentrates because the hydrophobic backbones have many anchoring points onto the particle surfaces. Examples of dispersing agents used in agrochemical formulations are: sodium lignosulfonates; sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates; tristyrylphenol ethoxylate phosphate esters; aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates; alkyl ethoxylates; EO-PO block copolymers; and graft copolymers.


An emulsifying agent is a substance which stabilizes a suspension of droplets of one liquid phase in another liquid phase. Without the emulsifying agent the two liquids would separate into two immiscible liquid phases. The most commonly used emulsifier blends contain alkylphenol or aliphatic alcohol with twelve or more ethylene oxide units and the oil-soluble calcium salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid. A range of hydrophile-lipophile balance (“HLB”) values from 8 to 18 will normally provide good stable emulsions. Emulsion stability can sometimes be improved by the addition of a small amount of an EO-PO block copolymer surfactant.


A solubilizing agent is a surfactant which will form micelles in water at concentrations above the critical micelle concentration. The micelles are then able to dissolve or solubilize water-insoluble materials inside the hydrophobic part of the micelle. The types of surfactants usually used for solubilization are non-ionics, sorbitan monooleates, sorbitan monooleate ethoxylates, and methyl oleate esters.


Surfactants are sometimes used, either alone or with other additives such as mineral or vegetable oils as adjuvants to spray-tank mixes to improve the biological performance of the pesticide on the target. The types of surfactants used for bioenhancement depend generally on the nature and mode of action of the pesticide. However, they are often non-ionics such as: alkyl ethoxylates; linear aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates; aliphatic amine ethoxylates.


A carrier or diluent in an agricultural formulation is a material added to the pesticide to give a product of the required strength. Carriers are usually materials with high absorptive capacities, while diluents are usually materials with low absorptive capacities. Carriers and diluents are used in the formulation of dusts, wettable powders, granules and water-dispersible granules.


Organic solvents are used mainly in the formulation of emulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, suspoemulsions, and ultra-low volume formulations, and to a lesser extent, granular formulations. Sometimes mixtures of solvents are used. The first main groups of solvents are aliphatic paraffinic oils such as kerosene or refined paraffins. The second main group (and the most common) comprises the aromatic solvents such as xylene and higher molecular weight fractions of C9 and C10 aromatic solvents. Chlorinated hydrocarbons are useful as cosolvents to prevent crystallization of pesticides when the formulation is emulsified into water. Alcohols are sometimes used as cosolvents to increase solvent power. Other solvents may include vegetable oils, seed oils, and esters of vegetable and seed oils.


Thickeners or gelling agents are used mainly in the formulation of suspension concentrates, emulsions and suspoemulsions to modify the rheology or flow properties of the liquid and to prevent separation and settling of the dispersed particles or droplets. Thickening, gelling, and anti-settling agents generally fall into two categories, namely water-insoluble particulates and water-soluble polymers. It is possible to produce suspension concentrate formulations using clays and silicas. Examples of these types of materials, include, but are not limited to, montmorillonite, bentonite, magnesium aluminum silicate, and attapulgite. Water-soluble polysaccharides have been used as thickening-gelling agents for many years. The types of polysaccharides most commonly used are natural extracts of seeds and seaweeds or are synthetic derivatives of cellulose. Examples of these types of materials include, but are not limited to, guar gum; locust bean gum; carrageenam; alginates; methyl cellulose; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC); hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). Other types of anti-settling agents are based on modified starches, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene oxide. Another good anti-settling agent is xanthan gum.


Microorganisms can cause spoilage of formulated products. Therefore preservation agents are used to eliminate or reduce their effect. Examples of such agents include, but are not limited to: propionic acid and its sodium salt; sorbic acid and its sodium or potassium salts; benzoic acid and its sodium salt; p-hydroxybenzoic acid sodium salt; methyl p-hydroxybenzoate; and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT).


The presence of surfactants often causes water-based formulations to foam during mixing operations in production and in application through a spray tank. In order to reduce the tendency to foam, anti-foam agents are often added either during the production stage or before filling into bottles. Generally, there are two types of anti-foam agents, namely silicones and non-silicones. Silicones are usually aqueous emulsions of dimethyl polysiloxane, while the non-silicone anti-foam agents are water-insoluble oils, such as octanol and nonanol, or silica. In both cases, the function of the anti-foam agent is to displace the surfactant from the air-water interface.


“Green” agents (e.g., adjuvants, surfactants, solvents) can reduce the overall environmental footprint of crop protection formulations. Green agents are biodegradable and generally derived from natural and/or sustainable sources, e.g. plant and animal sources. Specific examples are: vegetable oils, seed oils, and esters thereof, also alkoxylated alkyl polyglucosides.


For further information, see “Chemistry and Technology of Agrochemical Formulations” edited by D. A. Knowles, copyright 1998 by Kluwer Academic Publishers. Also see “Insecticides in Agriculture and Environment—Retrospects and Prospects” by A. S. Perry, I. Yamamoto, I. Ishaaya, and R. Perry, copyright 1998 by Springer-Verlag.


Pests

In general, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests e.g. beetles, earwigs, cockroaches, flies. aphids, scales, whiteflies, leafhoppers, ants, wasps, termites, moths, butterflies, lice, grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, fleas, thrips, bristletails, mites, ticks, nematodes, and symphylans.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests in the Phyla Nematoda and/or Arthropoda.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests in the Subphyla Chelicerata, Myriapoda, and/or Hexapoda.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests in the Classes of Arachnida, Symphyla, and/or Insecta.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Anoplura. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Haematopinus spp., Hoplopleura spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., and Polyplax spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Haematopinus asini, Haematopinus suis, Linognathus setosus, Linognathus ovillus, Pediculus humanus capitis, Pediculus humanus humanus, and Pthirus pubis.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests in the Order Coleoptera. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Acanthoscelides spp., Agriotes spp., Anthonomus spp., Apion spp., Apogonia spp., Aulacophora spp., Bruchus spp., Cerosterna spp., Cerotoma spp., Ceutorhynchus spp., Chaetocnema spp., Colaspis spp., Ctenicera spp., Curculio spp., Cyclocephala spp., Diabrotica spp., Hypera spp., Ips spp., Lyctus spp., Megascelis spp., Meligethes spp., Otiorhynchus spp., Pantomorus spp., Phyllophaga spp., Phyllotreta spp., Rhizotrogus spp., Rhynchites spp., Rhynchophorus spp., Scolytus spp., Sphenophorus spp., Sitophilus spp., and Tribolium spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Acanthoscelides obtectus, Agrilus planipennis, Anoplophora glabripennis, Anthonomus grandis, Ataenius spretulus, Atomaria linearis, Bothynoderes punctiventris, Bruchus pisorum, Callosobruchus maculatus, Carpophilus hemipterus, Cassida vittata, Cerotoma trifurcata, Ceutorhynchus assimilis, Ceutorhynchus napi, Conoderus scalaris, Conoderus stigmosus, Conotrachelus nenuphar, Cotinis nitida, Crioceris asparagi, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Cryptolestes pusillus, Cryptolestes turcicus, Cylindrocopturus adspersus, Deporaus marginatus, Dermestes lardarius, Dermestes maculatus, Epilachna varivestis, Faustinus cubae, Hylobius pales, Hypera postica, Hypothenemus hampei, Lasioderma serricorne, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Liogenys fiiscus, Liogenys suturalis, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Maecolaspis joliveti, Melanotus communis, Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha melolontha, Oberea brevis, Oberea linearis, Oryctes rhinoceros, Oryzaephilus mercator, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Oulema melanopus, Oulema oryzae, Phyllophaga cuyabana, Popillia japonica, Prostephanus truncatus, Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitona lineatus, Sitophilus granarius, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitophilus zeamais, Stegobium paniceum, Tribolium castaneum, Tribolium confusum, Trogoderma variabile, and Zabrus tenebrioides.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Dermaptera.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Blattaria. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Blattella germanica, Blatta orientalis, Parcoblatta pennsylvanica, Periplaneta americana, Periplaneta australasiae, Periplaneta brunnea, Periplaneta fuliginosa, Pycnoscelus surinamensis, and Supella longipalpa.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Diptera. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Aedes spp., Agromyza spp., Anastrepha spp., Anopheles spp., Bactrocera spp., Ceratitis spp., Chrysops spp., Cochliomyia spp., Contarinia spp., Culex spp., Dasineura spp., Delia spp., Drosophila spp., Fannia spp., Hylemyia spp., Liriomyza spp., Musca spp., Phorbia spp., Tabanus spp., and Tipula spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Agromyza frontella, Anastrepha suspensa, Anastrepha ludens, Anastrepha obliqa, Bactrocera cucurbitae, Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera invadens, Bactrocera zonata, Ceratitis capitata, Dasineura brassicae, Delia platura, Fannia canicularis, Fannia scalaris, Gasterophilus intestinalis, Gracillia perseae, Haematobia irritans, Hypoderma lineatum, Liriomyza brassicae, Melophagus ovinus, Musca autumnalis, Musca domestica, Oestrus ovis, Oscinella frit, Pegomya betae, Psila rosae, Rhagoletis cerasi, Rhagoletis pomonella, Rhagoletis mendax, Sitodiplosis mosellana, and Stomoxys calcitrans.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Hemiptera. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Adelges spp., Aulacaspis spp., Aphrophora spp., Aphis spp., Bemisia spp., Ceroplastes spp., Chionaspis spp., Chrysomphalus spp., Coccus spp., Empoasca spp., Lepidosaphes spp., Lagynotomus spp., Lygus spp., Macrosiphum spp., Nephotettix spp., Nezara spp., Philaenus spp., Phytocoris spp., Piezodorus spp., Planococcus spp., Pseudococcus spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., Saissetia spp., Therioaphis spp., Toumeyella spp., Toxoptera spp., Trialeurodes spp., Triatoma spp. and Unaspis spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Acrosternum hilare, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aleyrodes proletella, Aleurodicus dispersus, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Amrasca biguttula biguttula, Aonidiella aurantii, Aphis gossypii, Aphis glycines, Aphis pomi, Aulacorthum solani, Bemisia argentifolii, Bemisia tabaci, Blissus leucopterus, Brachycorynella asparagi, Brevennia rehi, Brevicoryne brassicae, Calocoris norvegicus, Ceroplastes rubens, Cimex hemipterus, Cimex lectularius, Dagbertus fasciatus, Dichelops furcatus, Diuraphis noxia, Diaphorina citri, Dysaphis plantaginea, Dysdercus suturellus, Edessa meditabunda, Eriosoma lanigerum, Eurygaster maura, Euschistus heros, Euschistus servus, Helopeltis antonii, Helopeltis theivora, Icerya purchasi, Idioscopus nitidulus, Laodelphax striatellus, Leptocorisa oratorius, Leptocorisa varicornis, Lygus hesperus, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Macrosiphum granarium, Macrosiphum rosae, Macrosteles quadrilineatus, Mahanarva frimbiolata, Metopolophium dirhodum, Mictis longicornis, Myzus persicae, Nephotettix cinctipes, Neurocolpus longirostris, Nezara viridula, Nilaparvata lugens, Parlatoria pergandii, Parlatoria ziziphi, Peregrinus maidis, Phylloxera vitifoliae, Physokermes piceae, Phytocoris californicus, Phytocoris relativus, Piezodorus guildinii, Poecilocapsus lineatus, Psallus vaccinicola, Pseudacysta perseae, Pseudococcus brevipes, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosiphum padi, Saissetia oleae, Scaptocoris castanea, Schizaphis graminum, Sitobion avenae, Sogatella furcifera, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Trialeurodes abutiloneus, Unaspis yanonensis, and Zulia entrerriana.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Hymenoptera. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Acromyrmex spp., Atta spp., Camponotus spp., Diprion spp., Formica spp., Monomorium spp., Neodiprion spp., Pogonomyrmex spp., Polistes spp., Solenopsis spp., Vespula spp., and Xylocopa spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Athalia rosae, Atta texana, Iridomyrmex humilis, Monomorium minimum, Monomorium pharaonis, Solenopsis invicta, Solenopsis geminata, Solenopsis molesta, Solenopsis richtery, Solenopsis xyloni, and Tapinoma sessile.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Isoptera. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Coptotermes spp., Cornitermes spp., Cryptotermes spp., Heterotermes spp., Kalotermes spp., Incisitermes spp., Macrotermes spp., Marginitermes spp., Microcerotermes spp., Procornitermes spp., Reticulitermes spp., Schedorhinotermes spp., and Zootermopsis spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Coptotermes curvignathus, Coptotermes frenchi, Coptotermes formosanus, Heterotermes aureus, Microtermes obesi, Reticulitermes banyulensis, Reticulitermes grassei, Reticulitermes flavipes, Reticulitermes hageni, Reticulitermes hesperus, Reticulitermes santonensis, Reticulitermes speratus, Reticulitermes tibialis, and Reticulitermes virginicus.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Lepidoptera. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Adoxophyes spp., Agrotis spp., Argyrotaenia spp., Cacoecia spp., Caloptilia spp., Chilo spp., Chrysodeixis spp., Colias spp., Crambus spp., Diaphania spp., Diatraea spp., Earias spp., Ephestia spp., Epimecis spp., Feltia spp., Gortyna spp., Helicoverpa spp., Heliothis spp., Indarbela spp., Lithocolletis spp., Loxagrotis spp., Malacosoma spp., Peridroma spp., Phyllonorycter spp., Pseudaletia spp., Sesamia spp., Spodoptera spp., Synanthedon spp., and Yponomeuta spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Achaea janata, Adoxophyes orana, Agrotis ipsilon, Alabama argillacea, Amorbia cuneana, Amyelois transitella, Anacamptodes defectaria, Anarsia lineatella, Anomis sabulifera, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Archips argyrospila, Archips rosana, Argyrotaenia citrana, Autographa gamma, Bonagota cranaodes, Borbo cinnara, Bucculatrix thurberiella, Capua reticulana, Carposina niponensis, Chlumetia transversa, Choristoneura rosaceana, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Conopomorpha cramerella, Cossus cossus, Cydia caryana, Cydia funebrana, Cydia molesta, Cydia nigricana, Cydia pomonella, Darna diducta, Diatraea saccharalis, Diatraea grandiosella, Earias insulana, Earias vittella, Ecdytolopha aurantianum, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Ephestia cautella, Ephestia elutella, Ephestia kuehniella, Epinotia aporema, Epiphyas postvittana, Erionota thrax, Eupoecilia ambiguella, Euxoa auxiliaris, Grapholita molesta, Hedylepta indicata, Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea, Heliothis virescens, Hellula undalis, Keiferia lycopersicella, Leucinodes orbonalis, Leucoptera coffeella, Leucoptera malifoliella, Lobesia botrana, Loxagrotis albicosta, Lymantria dispar, Lyonetia clerkella, Mahasena corbetti, Mamestra brassicae, Maruca testulalis, Metisa plana, Mythimna unipuncta, Neoleucinodes elegantalis, Nymphula depunctalis, Operophtera brumata, Ostrinia nubilalis, Oxydia vesulia, Pandemis cerasana, Pandemis heparana, Papilio demodocus, Pectinophora gossypiella, Peridroma saucia, Perileucoptera coffeella, Phthorimaea operculella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Pieris rapae, Plathypena scabra, Plodia interpunctella, Plutella xylostella, Polychrosis viteana, Prays endocarpa, Prays oleae, Pseudaletia unipuncta, Pseudoplusia includens, Rachiplusia nu, Scirpophaga incertulas, Sesamia inferens, Sesamia nonagrioides, Setora nitens, Sitotroga cerealella, Sparganothis pilleriana, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera eridania, Thecla basilides, Tineola bisselliella, Trichoplusia ni, Tuta absoluta, Zeuzera coffeae, and Zeuzera pyrina.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Mallophaga. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Anaticola spp., Bovicola spp., Chelopistes spp., Goniodes spp., Menacanthus spp., and Trichodectes spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Bovicola bovis, Bovicola caprae, Bovicola ovis, Chelopistes meleagridis, Goniodes dissimilis, Goniodes gigas, Menacanthus stramineus, Menopon gallinae, and Trichodectes canis.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Orthoptera. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Melanoplus spp., and Pterophylla spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Anabrus simplex, Gryllotalpa africana, Gryllotalpa australis, Gryllotalpa brachyptera, Gryllotalpa hexadactyla, Locusta migratoria, Microcentrum retinerve, Schistocerca gregaria, and Scudderia furcata.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Siphonaptera. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Ceratophyllus gallinae, Ceratophyllus niger, Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis, and Pulex irritans.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Thysanoptera. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Caliothrips spp., Frankliniella spp., Scirtothrips spp., and Thrips spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular sp. includes, but is not limited to, Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella schultzei, Frankliniella williamsi, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus, Scirtothrips citri, Scirtothrips dorsalis, and Taeniothrips rhopalantennalis, Thrips hawaiiensis, Thrips nigropilosus, Thrips orientalis, Thrips tabaci.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Thysanura. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Lepisma spp. and Thermobia spp.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Order Acarina. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Acarus spp., Aculops spp., Boophilus spp., Demodex spp., Dermacentor spp., Epitrimerus spp., Eriophyes spp., Ixodes spp., Oligonychus spp., Panonychus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., and Tetranychus spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular species includes, but is not limited to, Acarapis woodi, Acarus siro, Aceria mangiferae, Aculops lycopersici, Aculus pelekassi, Aculus schlechtendali, Amblyomma americanum, Brevipalpus obovatus, Brevipalpus phoenicis, Dermacentor variabilis, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Eotetranychus carpini, Notoedres cati, Oligonychus coffeae, Oligonychus ilicis, Panonychus citri, Panonychus ulmi, Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Sarcoptes scabiei, Tegolophus perseaflorae, Tetranychus urticae, and Varroa destructor.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pest of the Order Symphyla. A non-exhaustive list of particular sp. includes, but is not limited to, Scutigerella immaculata.


In another embodiment, the molecules of Formula One may be used to control pests of the Phylum Nematoda. A non-exhaustive list of particular genera includes, but is not limited to, Aphelenchoides spp., Belonolaimus spp., Criconemella spp., Ditylenchus spp., Heterodera spp., Hirschmanniella spp., Hoplolaimus spp., Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., and Radopholus spp. A non-exhaustive list of particular sp. includes, but is not limited to, Dirofilaria immitis, Heterodera zeae, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Onchocerca volvulus, Radopholus similis, and Rotylenchulus reniformis.


For additional information consult “HANDBOOK OF PEST CONTROL—THE BEHAVIOR, LIFE HISTORY, AND CONTROL OF HOUSEHOLD PESTS” by Arnold Mattis, 9th Edition, copyright 2004 by GIE Media Inc.


Applications

Molecules of Formula One are generally used in amounts from about 0.01 grams per hectare to about 5000 grams per hectare to provide control. Amounts from about 0.1 grams per hectare to about 500 grams per hectare are generally preferred, and amounts from about 1 gram per hectare to about 50 grams per hectare are generally more preferred.


The area to which a molecule of Formula One is applied can be any area inhabited (or maybe inhabited, or traversed by) a pest, for example: where crops, trees, fruits, cereals, fodder species, vines, turf and ornamental plants, are growing; where domesticated animals are residing; the interior or exterior surfaces of buildings (such as places where grains are stored), the materials of construction used in building (such as impregnated wood), and the soil around buildings. Particular crop areas to use a molecule of Formula One include areas where apples, corn, sunflowers, cotton, soybeans, canola, wheat, rice, sorghum, barley, oats, potatoes, oranges, alfalfa, lettuce, strawberries, tomatoes, peppers, crucifers, pears, tobacco, almonds, sugar beets, beans and other valuable crops are growing or the seeds thereof are going to be planted. It is also advantageous to use ammonium sulfate with a molecule of Formula One when growing various plants.


Controlling pests generally means that pest populations, pest activity, or both, are reduced in an area. This can come about when: pest populations are repulsed from an area; when pests are incapacitated in or around an area; or pests are exterminated, in whole, or in part, in or around an area. Of course, a combination of these results can occur. Generally, pest populations, activity, or both are desirably reduced more than fifty percent, preferably more than 90 percent. Generally, the area is not in or on a human; consequently, the locus is generally a non-human area.


The molecules of Formula One may be used in mixtures, applied simultaneously or sequentially, alone or with other compounds to enhance plant vigor (e.g. to grow a better root system, to better withstand stressful growing conditions). Such other compounds are, for example, compounds that modulate plant ethylene receptors, most notably 1-methylcyclopropene (also known as 1-MCP). Furthermore, such molecules may be used during times when pest activity is low, such as before the plants that are growing begin to produce valuable agricultural commodities. Such times include the early planting season when pest pressure is usually low.


The molecules of Formula One can be applied to the foliar and fruiting portions of plants to control pests. The molecules will either come in direct contact with the pest, or the pest will consume the pesticide when eating leaf, fruit mass, or extracting sap, that contains the pesticide. The molecules of Formula One can also be applied to the soil, and when applied in this manner, root and stem feeding pests can be controlled. The roots can absorb a molecule taking it up into the foliar portions of the plant to control above ground chewing and sap feeding pests.


Generally, with baits, the baits are placed in the ground where, for example, termites can come into contact with, and/or be attracted to, the bait. Baits can also be applied to a surface of a building, (horizontal, vertical, or slant surface) where, for example, ants, termites, cockroaches, and flies, can come into contact with, and/or be attracted to, the bait. Baits can comprise a molecule of Formula One.


The molecules of Formula One can be encapsulated inside, or placed on the surface of a capsule. The size of the capsules can range from nanometer size (about 100-900 nanometers in diameter) to micrometer size (about 10-900 microns in diameter).


Because of the unique ability of the eggs of some pests to resist certain pesticides, repeated applications of the molecules of Formula One may be desirable to control newly emerged larvae.


Systemic movement of pesticides in plants may be utilized to control pests on one portion of the plant by applying (for example by spraying an area) the molecules of Formula One to a different portion of the plant. For example, control of foliar-feeding insects can be achieved by drip irrigation or furrow application, by treating the soil with for example pre- or post-planting soil drench, or by treating the seeds of a plant before planting.


Seed treatment can be applied to all types of seeds, including those from which plants genetically modified to express specialized traits will germinate. Representative examples include those expressing proteins toxic to invertebrate pests, such as Bacillus thuringiensis or other insecticidal toxins, those expressing herbicide resistance, such as “Roundup Ready” seed, or those with “stacked” foreign genes expressing insecticidal toxins, herbicide resistance, nutrition-enhancement, drought resistance, or any other beneficial traits. Furthermore, such seed treatments with the molecules of Formula One may further enhance the ability of a plant to better withstand stressful growing conditions. This results in a healthier, more vigorous plant, which can lead to higher yields at harvest time. Generally, about 1 gram of the molecules of Formula One to about 500 grams per 100,000 seeds is expected to provide good benefits, amounts from about 10 grams to about 100 grams per 100,000 seeds is expected to provide better benefits, and amounts from about 25 grams to about 75 grams per 100,000 seeds is expected to provide even better benefits.


It should be readily apparent that the molecules of Formula One may be used on, in, or around plants genetically modified to express specialized traits, such as Bacillus thuringiensis or other insecticidal toxins, or those expressing herbicide resistance, or those with “stacked” foreign genes expressing insecticidal toxins, herbicide resistance, nutrition-enhancement, or any other beneficial traits.


The molecules of Formula One may be used for controlling endoparasites and ectoparasites in the veterinary medicine sector or in the field of non-human animal keeping. The molecules of Formula One are applied, such as by oral administration in the form of, for example, tablets, capsules, drinks, granules, by dermal application in the form of, for example, dipping, spraying, pouring on, spotting on, and dusting, and by parenteral administration in the form of, for example, an injection.


The molecules of Formula One may also be employed advantageously in livestock keeping, for example, cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens, and geese. They may also be employed advantageously in pets such as, horses, dogs, and cats. Particular pests to control would be fleas and ticks that are bothersome to such animals. Suitable formulations are administered orally to the animals with the drinking water or feed. The dosages and formulations that are suitable depend on the species.


The molecules of Formula One may also be used for controlling parasitic worms, especially of the intestine, in the animals listed above.


The molecules of Formula One may also be employed in therapeutic methods for human health care. Such methods include, but are limited to, oral administration in the form of, for example, tablets, capsules, drinks, granules, and by dermal application.


Pests around the world have been migrating to new environments (for such pest) and thereafter becoming a new invasive species in such new environment. The molecules of Formula One may also be used on such new invasive species to control them in such new environment.


The molecules of Formula One may also be used in an area where plants, such as crops, are growing (e.g. pre-planting, planting, pre-harvesting) and where there are low levels (even no actual presence) of pests that can commercially damage such plants. The use of such molecules in such area is to benefit the plants being grown in the area. Such benefits, may include, but are not limited to, improving the health of a plant, improving the yield of a plant (e.g. increased biomass and/or increased content of valuable ingredients), improving the vigor of a plant (e.g. improved plant growth and/or greener leaves), improving the quality of a plant (e.g. improved content or composition of certain ingredients), and improving the tolerance to abiotic and/or biotic stress of the plant.


Before a pesticide can be used or sold commercially, such pesticide undergoes lengthy evaluation processes by various governmental authorities (local, regional, state, national, and international). Voluminous data requirements are specified by regulatory authorities and must be addressed through data generation and submission by the product registrant or by a third party on the product registrant's behalf, often using a computer with a connection to the World Wide Web. These governmental authorities then review such data and if a determination of safety is concluded, provide the potential user or seller with product registration approval. Thereafter, in that locality where the product registration is granted and supported, such user or seller may use or sell such pesticide.


A molecule according to Formula One can be tested to determine its efficacy against pests. Furthermore, mode of action studies can be conducted to determine if said molecule has a different mode of action than other pesticides. Thereafter, such acquired data can be disseminated, such as by the internet, to third parties.


The headings in this document are for convenience only and must not be used to interpret any portion hereof.


TABLE SECTION












BAW, CEW & CL Rating Table










% Control (or Mortality)
Rating







50-100
A



More than 0-Less than 50
B



Not Tested
C



No activity noticed in this bioassay
D




















GPA Rating Table










% Control (or Mortality)
Rating







80-100
A



More than 0-Less than 80
B



Not Tested
C



No activity noticed in this bioassay
D

















TABLE 1







Structures for Compounds








Compound



Number
Structure





AI34


embedded image







AI36


embedded image







AI37


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AI38


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AI39


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AI40


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AI41


embedded image







AI44


embedded image







AI45


embedded image







AC1


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AC2


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AC3


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AC4


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AC5


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AC6


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AC7


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AC8


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AC9


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AC10


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AC11


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AC12


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AC13


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AC14


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AC15


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AC16


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AC17


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AC18


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AC19


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AC20


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AC21


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AC22


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AC23


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AC24


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AC25


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AC26


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AC27


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AC28


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AC29


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AC30


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AC31


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AC32


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AC33


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AC34


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AC35


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AC36


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AC37


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AC38


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AC39


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AC40


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AC41


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AC42


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AC43


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AC44


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AC45


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AC46


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AC47


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AC48


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AC49


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AC50


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AC51


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AC52


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AC53


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AC54


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AC57


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AC58


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AC59


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AC60


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AC61


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AC62


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AC63


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AC64


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AC65


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AC66


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AC67


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AC68


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AC69


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AC70


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AC71


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AC72


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AC75


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AC76


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AC77


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AC78


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AC79


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AC80


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AC81


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AC82


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AC83


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AC86


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AC87


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AC91


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AC95


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AC96


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AC98


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AC99


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AC100


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AC101


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AC102


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AC103


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AC104


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AC105


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AC106


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AC107


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AC108


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AC109


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AC110


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AC111


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AC112


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AC113


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AC114


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AC115


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AC116


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AC117


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AC118


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BC1


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BC2


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BC3


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BC4


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BC5


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BC6


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BC10


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BC11


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BC13


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BC14


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CI4


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CI5


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CI8


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CI9


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CI34


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CI35


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CI36


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CI37


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CI38


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CI39


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CI40


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CI41


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CI49


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CI50


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CI51


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CI52


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CI53


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CI54


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CI55


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CI56


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CI57


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CC1


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TABLE 1A







Structures for F Compounds










Compound


Prepared as


Number
Structure
Appearance
in Example:





F1


embedded image


brown solid
128





F2


embedded image


off-white solid
 15





F3


embedded image


light green gum
 15





F4


embedded image


brown gum
 15





F5


embedded image


off-white solid
 15





F6


embedded image


pale yellow solid
133





F7


embedded image


white solid
129





F8


embedded image


yellow solid
128





 F8A


embedded image


yellow solid
134





 F8B


embedded image


off-white solid
134
















TABLE 1B







Structures of Prophetic Compounds Subsequently Exemplified










Compound


Prepared as


Number
Structure
Appearance
in Example:





P31 


embedded image


oil
129





P65 


embedded image


off-white solid
128





P108 


embedded image


brown gum
128





P110 


embedded image


pale brown solid
128





P153 


embedded image


brown gum
128





P155 


embedded image


brown gum
128





P198 


embedded image


yellow solid
128





P200 


embedded image


pale yellow solid
128





P243 


embedded image


brown gummy liquid
128





P245 


embedded image


brown gummy liquid
128





P333 


embedded image


off white solid
128





P335 


embedded image


brown solid
128





P336 


embedded image


pale brown solid
128





P378 


embedded image


brown solid
128





P380 


embedded image


brown gum
128





P423 


embedded image


pale yellow solid
128





P425 


embedded image


pale yellow solid
128





P468 


embedded image


brown semi solid
128





P470 


embedded image


brown gum
128





P513 


embedded image


brown gummy liquid
128





P515 


embedded image


yellow solid
128





P693 


embedded image


pale brown solid
128





P1003


embedded image


brown solid
128





P1005


embedded image


off white solid
128





P1009


embedded image


dark brown solid
128





P1010


embedded image


yellow solid
128





P1011


embedded image


pale yellow solid
128





P1015


embedded image


brown solid
128





P1020


embedded image


brown solid
128





P1023


embedded image


brown semi solid
128





P1025


embedded image


pale brown solid
128





P1026


embedded image


brown gummy solid
128





P1033


embedded image


brown gum
128





P1035


embedded image


brown solid
128





P1043


embedded image


brown gummy solid
128





P1045


embedded image


pale green solid
128





P1048


embedded image


brown gummy liquid
128





P1050


embedded image


off white solid
128





P1093


embedded image


yellow gum
128





P1095


embedded image


brown gum
128





P1183


embedded image


off white solid
128





P1198


embedded image


brown semi solid
128





P1193


embedded image


brown solid
128





P1195


embedded image


brown gum
128





P1200


embedded image


brown solid
128





P1213


embedded image


brown solid
128
















TABLE 2







Analytical Data for Compounds in Table 1.











Compound
mp





Number
(° C.)
ESIMS

1H NMR (δ)a
IR (cm−1)





AC1
156-161
386.09 ([M − H]−)
7.83 (m, 2H),






7.68-7.63 (m, 5H), 6.93 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.81 (d J = 15.6 Hz, 1H,),





4.15 (m, 1H), 2.80 (s,





3H)


AC2
110-112
374 ([M + H]+)
7.80 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H),





7.48 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H),





7.38 (m, 1H), 7.30 (s,





2H), 6.65 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.46 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.15 (m, 1H)


AC3
162-166
402.24 ([M + H]+)
7.42 (m, 4H), 7.37 (t, J = 1.8 Hz,





1H), 7.28 (s,





2H), 6.63 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.41 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.4 Hz, 1H),





4.15 (m, 1H), 3.20 (s, 3H),





3.00 (s, 3H)


AC4
122-126
454 ([M − H]−)
7.79 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 2H),





7.48 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H),





7.38 (t, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H),





7.30 (s, 2H), 6.64 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd,





J = 15.6, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.30 (m, 1H), 4.15 (m,





3H)


AC5

444.12 ([M + H]+)
7.67 (s, 3H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 7.42 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 6.91 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.80 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 4.80 (m, 1H),





3.60 (br s, 8H)


AC6

468.40 ([M − H]−)
7.40 (m, 2H), 7.26 (m,
1657, 1113,





3H), 6.56 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
804





1H), 6.48 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.82 (br s, 1H), 4.08 (m, 3H),





2.52 (s, 3H)


AC7

511.02 ([M − H]−)
8.39 (s, 1H), 7.74 (m,
3276, 1645,





1H), 7.39 (m, 3H),
1111, 801





7.24 (m, 4H), 6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.38 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.16 (br s, 1H), 4.63 (m,





2H), 4.12 (m, 1H),





2.41 (s, 3H)


AC8

454.11 ([M − H]−)
7.39 (s, 1H), 7.22 (m,
1748, 1112,





2H), 7.19 (m, 3H),
801





6.53 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.39-6.34 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.22 (m,





1H), 3.95 (t, J = 7.0 Hz,





2H), 2.62 (t, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 2.30 (s, 3H),





2.18 (m, 2H)


AC9

494.02 ([M − H]−)
7.45 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),
3276, 1645,





7.36 (m, 2H), 7.21 (m,
1112, 801





3H), 7.15 (m, 4H),





6.56 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.38 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.4 Hz,





1H), 6.08 (br s, 1H),





4.68 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H),





4.11 (m, 1H), 2.44 (s,





3H)


A10
140-143
458.00 ([M − H]−)
7.38 (t, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H),





7.34 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),





7.27 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m,





2H), 6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.16 (m 1H), 5.44 (m, 1H),





4.12 (m, 1H), 3.51 (m,





2H), 3.40 (m, 2H),





2.44 (s, 3H)


AC11

476.17 ([M − H]−)
7.39-7.29 (m, 9H),
3287, 1644,





7.24 (m, 2H), 6.56 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
1112, 801





1H), 6.38 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.99 (br s, 1H), 4.63 (d,





J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),





4.11 (m, 1H), 2.47 (s, 3H)


AC12

479.30 ([M + H]+)
8.63 (d, J = 4.4 Hz, 1H),
3293, 1653,





7.71 (m, 1H), 7.47 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1112, 800





1H), 7.37 (m,





2H), 7.32 (m, 2H),





7.23 (m, 2H), 7.13 (m, 1H),





6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.75 (d, J = 4.8 Hz,





2H), 4.12 (m,





1H), 2.49 (s, 3H)


AC13
75-78
490.04 ([M − H]−)
7.38 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m,





3H), 7.23 (br s, 1H),





6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.45 (m 1H),





6.42 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.4 Hz,





1H), 4.91 (m 1H),





4.64 (m, 2H), 4.14 (m, 1H),





4.04 (m, 2H), 2.46 (s,





3H)


AC14

480.99 ([M + 2H]+)
8.63 (s, 2H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
3293, 1645,





1H), 7.36 (m,
1113, 800





3H), 7.22 (m, 1H),





7.13 (m, 2H), 6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.39 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.13 (br s, 1H), 4.66 (d,





J = 5.6 Hz, 2H),





4.11 (m, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H)


AC15
59-61
516.86 ([M − H]−)
7.45 (s, 1H), 7.37 (m,
3246, 1635,





1H), 7.34 (m, 1H),
1112, 801





7.26 (m, 3H), 7.22 (m, 1H),





6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.18 (m,





1H), 4.71 (d, J = 6.4 Hz,





2H), 4.11 (m, 1H),





2.46 (s, 3H)


AC16

506.93 ([M + H]+)
8.47 (m, 1H), 8.19 (s,
1657, 1113,





1H), 7.76 (m, 1H),
801





7.47 (m, 2H), 7.37 (m, 1H),





7.28 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m,





1H), 7.21 (m, 1H),





6.59 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.39 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.4 Hz,





1H), 4.12 (m, 1H),





2.48 (s, 3H), 1.88 (s,





6H)


AC17
70-73
494.98 ([M − H]−)
7.49 (m, 2H), 7.38 (m,





1H), 7.29 (m, 4H),





7.08 (m, 3H), 6.91 (m, 1H),





6.61 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.48 (m, 1H),





6.43 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.13 (m, 1H),





2.49 (s, 3H)


AC18
155-158
480.44 ([M + H]+)
8.73 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 2H),





7.53 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





7.37 (m, 1H), 7.27 (m,





4H), 7.23 (m, 1H),





7.11 (m, 1H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.41 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.90 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 2H),





4.13 (m, 1H), 2.52 (s,





3H)


AC19
55-57
471.66 ([M + H]+)
7.37 (m, 1H), 7.33 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,





1H), 7.27 (m,





2H), 7.22 (m, 2H),





6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.39 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.10 (brs, 1H),





4.13 (m, 2H), 3.94 (m,





1H), 3.79 (m, 2H),





3.35 (m, 1H), 2.45 (s, 3H),





2.14 (m, 1H), 1.71 (m,





2H), 1.65 (m, 1H).


AC20

467.68 ([M + H]+)
7.37 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m,
3437, 1664,





2H), 7.23 (m, 2H),
1265, 1114,





6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),
746





6.38 (m, 3H), 6.01 (m,





1H), 4.63 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





2H), 4.13 (m, 1H),





2.45 (s, 3H)


AC21
61-64
528.78 ([M + H]+)
8.44 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s,





1H), 7.83 (br s, 1H),





7.38 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m,





2H), 7.25 (m, 2H),





7.21 (m, 1H), 6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.01 (s, 2H), 4.11 (m,





1H), 2.43 (s, 3H)


AC22

545.08 ([M − H]−)
8.39 (s, 1H), 7.73 (m,
3270, 1642,





1H), 7.40 (s, 1H),
1111, 809





7.35 (m, 2H), 7.22 (m, 3H),





6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.38 (dd, J = 16.0,





7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.14 (br s,





1H), 4.62 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.13 (m, 1H),





2.45 (s, 3H)


AC23

492.35 ([M − H]−)
7.42 (s, 2H), 7.36 (m,
3273, 1641,





1H), 7.24 (m, 2H),
1250, 1113,





6.59 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),
807





6.40 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.20 (br s, 1H),





5.46 (m, 1H), 4.15 (m,





1H), 3.52 (m, 2H),





3.41 (m, 2H), 2.45 (s, 3H)


AC24
129-132
526.98 ([M + H]+)
7.40 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m,
3298, 1664,





2H), 7.25 (m, 2H),
1113, 803





6.92 (br s, 2H), 6.60 (m, 1H),





6.48 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.19 (d, J = 5.2,





2H), 4.08 (m, 1H),





3.99 (m, 2H), 2.46 (s,





3H)


AC25

542.24 ([M − H]−)
7.41 (m, 3H), 7.27 (m,
3257, 1652,





2H), 6.58 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,
1316, 1109,





1H), 6.42 (m, 2H),
807





4.92 (m, 1H), 4.65 (m,





2H), 4.14 (m, 1H),





4.09 (m, 2H), 2.46 (s, 3H)


AC26

550.69 ([M − H]−)
7.45 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s,
3255, 1638,





2H), 7.34 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1113, 809





1H), 7.22 (m, 2H),





6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.38 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.71 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.11 (m, 1H),





2.46 (s, 3H)


AC27

541.00 ([M − H]−)
8.46 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 1H),
1653, 1113,





8.20 (s, 1H), 7.76 (m,
809





1H), 7.47 (m, 2H),





7.41 (s, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H),





7.21 (m, 1H), 6.59 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H),





6.37 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.4 Hz,





1H), 4.11 (m, 1H),





2.48 (s, 3H), 1.88 (s, 6H)


AC28
65-67
564.84 ([M − H]−)
8.40 (s, 1H), 7.74 (m,
3267, 1650,





2H), 7.42 (m, 3H),
1112, 809





7.36 (m, 2H), 6.72 (br s, 1H),





6.52 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.43 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (d, J = 6.4 Hz,





2H), 4.12 (m,





1H)


AC29
75-78
511.78 ([M − H]−)
7.71 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





7.42 (m, 3H), 7.35 (m,





1H), 6.75 (br s, 1H),





6.56 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.43 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.49 (m,





1H), 4.14 (m, 1H),





3.50 (m, 4H)


AC30
110-113
543.72 ([M − H]−)
7.42 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





7.44 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s,





1H), 7.38 (m, 1H),





7.06 (br s, 1H), 6.58 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.45 (dd,





J = 15.6, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.93 (m, 1H), 4.65 (m,





2H), 4.13 (m, 3H)


AC31
68-70
610.73 ([M + H]+)
8.42 (s, 1H), 7.76 (m,





1H), 7.61 (m, 2H),





7.39 (m, 4H), 6.54-6.39 (m,





3H), 4.66 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.12 (m, 1H)


AC32
78-80
555.89 ([M − H]−)
7.61 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m,





3H), 6.54 (m, 2H),





6.40 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 5.46 (m, 1H),





4.14 (m, 1H), 3.50 (m, 4H)


AC33
182-184
587.68 ([M − H]−)
7.62 (s, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 7.40 (m,





3H), 6.84 (br s, 1H),





6.55 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.45 (dd, J = 15.6,





7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.93 (m





1H), 4.65 (m, 2H),





4.13 (m, 4H)


AC34
151-153
545.83 ([M − H]−)
7.67 (s, 1H), 7.61 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





1H), 7.53 (m,





1H), 7.41 (s, 2H),





6.64 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.40 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.18 (br s, 1H),





5.44 (m, 1H), 4.14 (m,





1H), 3.50 (m, 2H),





3.40 (m, 2H)


AC35
100-102
577.71 ([M − H]−)
7.70 (s, 1H), 7.63 (m,
3257, 1655,





1H), 7.53 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,
1113, 808





1H), 7.41 (s, 2H),





6.53 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.49 (m, 2H), 4.93 (m,





1H), 4.64 (m, 2H),





4.13 (m, 1H), 4.03 (m, 2H)


AC36
81-83
600.83 ([M + H]+)
8.40 (s, 1H), 7.73 (m,





2H), 7.61 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





1H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 7.40 (s, 2H),





7.35 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.63 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.46 (dd, J = 16.0, 7.6 Hz,





1H), 6.14 (m, 1H),





4.63 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





4.14 (m, 1H)


AC37

512.68 ([M + H]+)
8.39 (s, 1H), 7.73 (m,
3268, 1644,





1H), 7.48 (m, 2H),
1109, 820





7.34 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),





7.24 (m, 3H), 6.55 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.41 (dd,





J = 16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H),





6.12 (m, 1H), 4.62 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.13 (m,





1H), 2.45 (s, 3H)


AC38
79-80
528.85 ([M − H]−)
8.46 (m, 1H), 7.73 (m,





1H), 7.35 (m, 4H),





7.22 (m, 2H), 6.56 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.38 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.62 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





4.10 (m, 1H), 2.45 (s,





3H)


AC39
141-144
477.83 ([M − H]−)
9.19 (s, 1H), 8.79 (s,





2H), 7.37 (m, 2H),





7.23 (m, 2H), 7.21 (m, 1H),





6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





7.6 Hz 1H), 6.21 (m,





1H), 4.65 (s, 2H),





4.11 (m, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H)


AC40
69-72
484.67 ([M + H]+)
8.33 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H),





8.61 (m, 1H), 7.68 (m,





3H), 7.48 (m, 2H),





6.86 (dd, J = 15.6, 8.2 Hz





1H), 6.74 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 4.44 (m, 1H),





3.76 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





2.54 (m, 1H), 2.67 (s,





3H), 0.59 (m, 2H),





0.54 (m, 2H)


AC41
196-199
515.00 ([M − H]−)
8.66 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),





8.39 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H),





7.65 (s, 3H), 7.45 (m,





3H), 6.86 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 5.01 (m,





1H), 4.99 (m, 1H),





3.78 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





3.40 (m, 2H), 3.22 (m, 2H),





2.37 (m, 3H)


AC42
79-82
534.72 ([M + H]+)
7.99 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 7.89 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 7.51 (m, 2H),





7.44 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m, 4H),





6.71 (t, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H),





6.59 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.41 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.05 (d, J = 1.6 Hz,





2H), 4.12 (m,





1H), 2.52 (m, 3H)


AC43

481.75 ([M + H]+)
8.69 (s, 1H), 8.52 (s,
1663,





2H), 7.45 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,
1608, 1168,





1H), 7.37 (d, J = 2.0 Hz,
1114, 801





1H), 7.26 (m, 2H),





7.21 (m, 1H), 6.83 (s, 1H),





6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.81 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





2H), 4.12 (t, J = 8.4 Hz





1H), 2.45 (s, 3H)


AC44

528.01 ([M + H]+)
8.44 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H),
1640, 1166,





7.69 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H),
1112, 800





7.37 (m, 1H), 7.33 (s,





1H), 7.31 (s, 1H),





7.26 (m, 1H), 7.24 (m, 3H),





6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.39 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.96 (d, J = 7.2 Hz,





1H), 5.32 (t, J = 7.2 Hz,





1H), 4.11 (t, J = 8.4 Hz,





1H), 2.41 (s,





3H), 1.61 (d, J = 7.2 Hz,





3H)


AC45

512.88 ([M + H]+)
7.66 (s, 1H), 7.37 (d, J = 6.8 Hz,
1657, 1167,





2H), 7.26 (m,
1106, 800





3H), 7.18 (m, 1H),





7.11 (m, 2H), 6.99 (m, 1H),





6.57 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.39 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.11 (t, J = 8.4 Hz,





1H), 3.36 (s,





3H), 2.43 (s, 3H)


AC46
61-64
575.93 ([M + H]+)
8.42 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H),





7.76 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H),





7.61 (m, 2H), 7.39 (m,





3H), 7.26 (s, 2H),





6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.42 (dd, J = 16.0, 7.6 Hz,





1H), 4.65 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.14 (m, 1H)


AC47

525.89 ([M − H]−)
10.02 (s, 1H), 9.87 (s,
3280, 1640





1H), 8.47 (t, J = 6.0 Hz,





1H), 7.66 (s, 3H),





7.44 (s, 1H), 7.40 (d, J = 3.6 Hz,





2H), 6.86 (dd, J = 15.6,





9.2 Hz, 1H),





6.74 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





4.82 (t, J = 9.6 Hz, 2H),





3.88 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





2.36 (s, 3H), 1.63 (m,





1H), 0.76 (m, 4H)


AC48

509.96 ([M − H]−)
7.37 (m, 7H), 7.34 (m,
3275, 1642





3H),, 6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.39 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.01 (m, 1H), 4.60 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.13 (m, 1H),





2.46 (s, 3H)


AC49

518.85 ([M + H]+)
8.39 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H),
1658, 1112,





8.11 (m, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 2.4 Hz,
1025, 2219





1H), 7.41 (m,





3H), 7.17 (m, 3H),





6.59 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.47 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.66 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





2H), 4.14 (m, 1H)


AC50

481.88 ([M + H]+)
8.72 (m, 1H), 7.67 (s,
1654, 1112,





3H), 7.46 (s, 1H),
800, 3069





7.40 (m, 2H), 7.08 (s, 1H),





6.82 (m, 2H), 6.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,





1H), 4.82 (m,





1H), 4.48 (s, 2H),





3.65 (s, 3H), 2.38 (s, 3H)


AC51

540.83 ([M + H]+)
7.45 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),
1652, 1571,





7.38 (m, 1H), 7.27 (m,
802, 1114,





2H), 7.22 (m, 2H),
2926





6.85 (m, 1H), 6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.33 (m, 2H), 4.14 (m,





3H), 3.18 (s, 3H),





2.48 (s, 3H)


AC52

488.29 ([M − H]−)
7.33 (m, 2H), 7.25 (m,
1635, 11134,





3H), 6.56 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,
813, 2927





1H), 6.37 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.61 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.21 (m, 1H), 4.01 (m, 1H),





4.08 (m, 2H), 3.56 (t, J = 10.0 Hz,





2H), 2.48 (m,





2H), 2.08 (m, 2H),





1.5 (m, 3H)


AC53

532.92 ([M + H]+)
8.49 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H),
1651, 3027,





7.69 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H),
815, 1113





7.43 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.34 (m, 3H), 7.26 (m,





2H), 6.95 (m, 1H),





6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.38 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.72 (d, J = 5.2 Hz,





2H), 4.09 (m, 1H),





2.47 (s, 3H)


AC54

529.06 ([M − H]−)
8.37 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H),
1654, 3434,





7.41 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),
814, 1112





7.36 (m, 3H), 7.31 (m,





1H), 7.26 (m, 2H),





6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.40 (dd, J = 16.0, 7.6 Hz,





1H), 5.20 (t, J = 5.6 Hz,





1H), 4.63 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.13 (m, 1H),





2.18 (s, 3H)


AC57

464.96 ([M + H]+)
8.69 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),
3417, 1658,





8.58 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),
1165, 817





7.92 (s, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 6.4 Hz,





2H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





1H), 7.45 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





1H), 7.0 (m,





1H), 6.76 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.76 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.01 (m, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





3.71 (m, 2H), 3.49 (m,





2H)


AC58
124.4-126.9
599.76 ([M + H]+)
7.62 (m, 2H), 7.40 (s,





2H), 7.37 (d, J = 1.6 Hz,





1H), 6.61 (t, J = 4.8 Hz,





1H), 6.55 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.41 (dd, J = 16.0,





7.6 Hz, 1H),





4.16 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





4.01 (m, 1H), 1.56 (s, 9H)


AC59
80-83
497.40 ([M − H]−)
8.42 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H),





8.29 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H),





7.51 (m, 2H), 7.39 (m,





1H), 7.36 (m, 4H),





7.28 (m, 1H), 6.61 (d, J = 15.9 Hz,





1H), 6.45 (dd,





J = 15.9, 7.8 Hz 1H),





4.14 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





2.51 (s, 3H)


AC60

515.09 ([M + H]−)
8.52 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, J = 1.8 Hz,
1668, 1589,





2H), 7.70 (d, J = 2.1 Hz,
1167, 1113,





1H), 7.62 (s,
802





1H), 7.43 (s, 1H),





7.35 (m, 3H), 6.62 (d, J = 16.2 Hz,





1H), 6.52 (dd,





J = 16.2, 7.5 Hz, 1H),





4.62 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H),





4.19 (m, 1H), 2.76 (s,





3H)


AC61

461.90 ([M − H]−)
8.07 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),
1658, 1114,





7.39 (t, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H),
801





7.28 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 3H),





7.17 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H),





7.11 (m, 1H), 6.59 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H),





6.47 (dd, J = 15.6, 7.6 Hz,





1H), 5.49 (m, 1H),





4.14 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





3.48 (m, 4H)


AC62
105-108
528.88 ([M − H]−)
8.62 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H),





8.46 (m, 1H), 7.73 (m,





5H), 7.48 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,





1H), 7.03 (dd, J = 15.6,





9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 4.86 (m,





1H), 3.97 (m, 4H)


AC63
77-80
594.67 ([M + H]+)
8.43 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J = 2.4 Hz,
3257, 1653





1H), 7.60 (m,





2H), 7.38 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,





1H), 7.33 (d, J = 6.4 Hz,





3H), 6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.46 (m, 1H),





6.41 (dd, J = 16.0 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.65 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.15 (m, 1H)


AC64
83-85
580.72 ([M − H]−)
7.72 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.44 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s,





2H), 7.36 (d, J = 6.8 Hz,





1H), 7.05 (t, J = 5.2 Hz,





1H), 6.70 (t, J = 5.2 Hz,





1H), 6.57 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.44 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.23 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H),





4.15 (m, 1H), 4.01 (m, 2H)


AC65

534.72 ([M − H]−)
8.39 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H),
1658, 1113,





8.12 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),
817, 2925





7.71 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H),





7.34 (m, 3H), 7.26 (m,





1H), 7.11 (m, 2H),





6.59 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.46 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.66 (d, J = 5.2 Hz,





2H), 4.13 (m, 1H)


AC66
73-75
624.61 ([M − H]−)
7.88 (s, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 1.6 Hz,





1H), 7.57 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 7.40 (m,





2H), 6.80 (t, J = 5.6 Hz,





1H), 6.70 (t, J = 5.6 Hz,





1H), 6.56 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.44 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.22 (m, 2H), 4.12 (m, 1H),





4.01 (m, 2H)


AC67

479.82 ([M − H]−)
8.07 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),
3272, 1644





7.34 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





7.28 (s, 1H), 7.17 (s,





2H), 6.59 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.46 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.49 (m, 1H),, 4.12 (m, 1H),





3.49 (m, 4H).


AC68
90-93
546.80 ([M − H]−)
8.6 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H),
3315, 1684





8.45 (m, 1H), 7.86 (d, J = 6.4 Hz,





2H), 7.75 (t, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 7.63 (d, J = 12.0 Hz,





1H), 7.48 (d,





J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.03 (dd, J = 15.6, 9.6 Hz,





1H), 6.80 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 4.88 (m, 1H),





3.96 (m, 4H)


AC69

542.82 ([M − H]−)
7.41 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),
3294, 1685





7.34 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H),





7.26 (m, 1H), 7.23 (m,





1H), 6.81 (s, 1H),





6.57 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





6.55 (s, 1H), 6.39 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.18 (m, 2H), 4.13 (m,





1H), 3.97 (m, 2H),





2.46 (s, 3H)


AC70
176-178
545.23 ([M − H]−)
8.38 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H),





8.22 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H),





7.71 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H),





7.35 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





7.30 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),





7.15 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H),





6.93 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H),





6.60 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.43 (dd, J = 15.6,





7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.13 (m,





1H), 3.98 (s, 3H)


AC71

492.20 ([M − H]−)
8.24 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),
1639, 3079,





8.15 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),
858





7.35 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





7.13 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H),





6.92 (s, 1H), 6.61 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.43 (dd,





J = 16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H),





5.48 (m, 1H), 4.13 (m,





1H), 4.03 (s, 3H),





3.48 (m, 4H)


AC72

543.05 ([M − H]−)
8.42 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H),
1642, 3246,





7.75 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H),
814, 1113





7.34 (m, 4H), 7.20 (m,





2H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.36 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.12 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H),





4.62 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





4.20 (m, 1H), 2.82 (m, 2H),





1.45 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 3H)


AC75

644.78 ([M + H]+)
8.72 (s, 1H), 7.97 (d, J = 7.2 Hz,
3431, 1652,





1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1171, 809





1H), 7.61 (m,





2H), 7.40 (m, 2H),





6.55 (m, 2H), 6.42 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.76 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





4.12 (m, 1H)


AC76

531.34 ([M + H]+)
8.87 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),
3120, 1708,





8.34 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H),
1171





7.85 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H),





7.48 (m, 4H), 6.57 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H),





6.45 (dd, J = 15.6, 9.0 Hz,





1H), 4.84 (m, 1H),





4.49 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 2H),





2.82 (m, 2H), 2.36 (t, J = 5.6 Hz,





3H)


AC77

531.1 ([M + H]+)
8.87 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),
3444, 1648,





8.34 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H),
1114, 814





7.85 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H),





7.48 (m, 4H), 6.57 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H),





6.45 (dd, J = 15.6, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.84 (m, 1H),





4.49 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 2H),





2.36 (s, 3H)


AC78

561.06 ([M + H]+)
8.59 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H),
3432, 1631,





8.47 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H),
1161, 840





7.89 (s, 2H), 7.45 (m,





3H), 6.87 (m, 1H),





6.75 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





4.85 (t, J = 8.0 Hz 1H),





3.98 (m, 4H), 2.58 (s,





3H)


AC79

610.97 ([M + H]+)
8.69 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),
3303, 1658,





8.58 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),
1166, 817





7.92 (s, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 6.4 Hz,





2H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





1H), 7.45 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





1H), 7.0 (m,





1H), 6.76 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H) 4.83 (t, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 3.98 (m, 4H)


AC80

561.06 ([M + H]+)
7.37 (m, 3H), 7.26 (m,
3412, 1624,





1H), 7.24 (m, 1H),
1157, 825





6.59 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





6.39 (dd, J = 15.6, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.24 (m, 4H),





3.90 (m, 1H), 2.83 (m,





2H), 1.26 (m, 3H)


AC81
 9-92
546.93 ([M − H]−)
8.73 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H),





8.45 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),





7.76 (s, 3H), 7.45 (m,





3H), 6.86 (dd, J = 16.0,





9.2 Hz, 1H), 4.83 (m,





1H), 4.56 (m, 2H),





4.51 (m, 1H), 4.10 (m, 2H),





3.85 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





2.50 (m, 3H)


AC82

477.69 ([M + H]+)
7.38 (d, J = 1.8 Hz, 2H),
1646, 1353,





7.33 (s, 1H), 7.27 (s,
1196, 1112,





3H), 6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
800





1H), 6.42 (d, J = 8.1 Hz,





1H), 6.36 (dd, J = 16.0,





7.8 Hz, 1H),





4.71 (m, 1H), 4.23 (m, 3H),





3.26 (m, 2H), 2.45 (s,





3H)


AC83

493.83 ([M − H]−)
8.07 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),
1527, 1113,





7.39 (t, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H),
801, 1167,





7.31 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H),
1321





7.26 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m,





1H), 7.19 (d, J = 1.6 Hz,





1H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.8 Hz,





1H), 6.49 (dd, J = 16.8,





7.6 Hz, 1H),





4.90 (m, 1H), 4.64 (m, 2H),





4.14 (m, 2H), 4.10 (m,





1H)


AC84

511.75 ([M − H]−)
8.07 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),
1645, 1113,





7.34 (m, 3H), 7.19 (d, J = 13.2 Hz,
804, 3030,





1H), 6.60 (d,
1245





J = 16.4 Hz, 1H),





6.48 (dd, J = 16.4, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.88 (m, 1H),





4.62 (m, 2H), 4.12 (m, 3H)


AC85

523.83 ([M − H]−)
8.60 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H),
1652, 3039,





8.15 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),
802, 1114





7.35 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),





7.15 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H),





6.94 (s, 1H), 6.60 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.44 (dd,





J = 7.6, 7.6 Hz, 1H),





4.93 (m, 1H), 4.62 (m,





2H), 4.13 (m, 6H)


AC86

524.36 ([M + H]+)
7.35 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H),
3333, 1651,





7.26 (m, 2H), 7.20 (m,
815





1H), 6.60 (d, J = 15.9 Hz,





1H), 6.47 (dd, J = 15.9,





6.6 Hz, 1H),





4.86 (m, 1H), 4.65 (m, 2H),





4.13 (m, 3H), 2.84 (q,





2.8 Hz, 2H), 1.26 (m,





3H)


AC87

495.82 ([M − H]−)
8.07 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),
1623, 1114,





7.52 (m, 3H), 7.19 (d, J = 13.2 Hz,
816





1H), 6.59 (d,





J = 16.4 Hz, 1H),





6.47 (dd, J = 16.4, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.69 (m, 1H),





4.23 (m, 3H), 3.29 (m, 2H)


AC89

509.89 ([M + H]+)
7.43 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m,
1666, 1166,





2H), 7.23 (m, 2H),
1112, 800





6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.41 (dd, J = 16.0, 7.6 Hz,





1H), 4.79 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





2H), 4.14 (m, 1H),





2.48 (s, 3H), 2.18 (m,





1H), 1.16 (m, 4H)


AC90

656.9 ([M − H]−)
8.34 (m, 1H), 8.27 (m,





1H), 7.60 (d, J = 1.6 Hz,





1H), 7.49 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 7.40 (s, 2H),





7.36 (dd, J = 8.2, 1.7 Hz,





1H), 6.53 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.38 (dd, J = 15.9,





7.9 Hz, 1H),





4.89 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H),





4.48 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H),





4.11 (m, 1H)


AC91

640.9 ([M − H]−)
8.18 (t, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H),





7.58 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H),





7.47 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.40 (s, 2H), 7.34 (dd, J = 8.1,





1.6 Hz, 1H),





6.52 (m, 2H), 6.37 (dd, J = 15.9,





7.9 Hz, 1H),





4.54 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H),





4.12 (m, 1H), 3.99 (qd, J = 8.9,





6.5 Hz, 2H)


AC92

640.9 ([M − H]−)
9.16 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H),





7.65 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H),





7.57 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.41 (m, 3H), 7.21 (t, J = 5.6 Hz,





1H), 6.55 (d, J = 15.9 Hz,





1H),





6.41 (dd, J = 15.9, 7.8 Hz,





1H), 4.59 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





2H), 4.45 (qd, J = 9.0,





6.0 Hz, 2H), 4.12 (q, J = 7.2 Hz,





1H)


AC93

485.5 ([M + H]+)
7.52-7.41 (d, J = 8.2 Hz,

13C NMR (δ)3





1H), 7.39-7.34 (m, 1H),
169.91,





7.24-7.17 (d, J = 1.8 Hz,
169.84,





2H), 7.02-6.92 (m, 2H),
138.23,





6.90-6.83 (d, J = 11.4 Hz,
137.41,





1H), 6.71 (br s, 1H),
136.84,





6.17 (br s, 1H),
134.79,





6.12-6.01 (dd, J = 11.4, 10.3 Hz,
134.69,





1H), 4.44-4.38 (d, J = 4.2 Hz,
131.07,





1H),
128.69,





4.35-4.27 (m, 1H), 4.10-3.99 (d, J = 5.1 Hz,
127.49,





2H),
127.43,





2.78-2.67 (m, 1H), 2.44 (s, 3H),
126.72,





0.88-0.78 (m, 2H),
126.61 (q, J = 212.10 Hz),





0.60-0.45 (m, 2H)
125.61,






123.76,






47.89 (q, J = 28.28 Hz),






43.46,






22.65, 19.97,






8.21


AC94

511.6 ([M]−)
8.36-8.24 (d, J = 2.4 Hz,
3262, 1607,





1H), 7.75-7.64 (m,
1247, 1164,





1H), 7.38-7.24 (m,
1111





3H), 7.24-7.09 (d, J = 1.8 Hz,





2H),





6.99-6.90 (m, 2H), 6.89-6.74 (d,





J = 11.4 Hz, 1H),





6.63-6.43 (m, 1H),





6.14-5.98 (m, 1H),





4.69-4.51 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 2H),





4.37-4.20 (m, 1H),





2.46-2.31 (s, 3H)


AC95
48-61
626.9 ([M + H]+)
7.58 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H),





7.44-7.29 (m, 3H),





7.14 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.6 Hz,





1H), 6.86 (d, J = 11.4 Hz,





1H), 6.76 (t, J = 5.9 Hz,





1H), 6.59 (br





s, 1H), 6.21-6.04 (m,





1H), 4.23 (d, J = 5.5 Hz,





1H), 3.98 (qd, J = 9.0,





6.5 Hz, 2H)


AC96

619.6 ([M + H]+)
8.83 (s, 1H), 8.06 (br,
1616, 1114





1H), 7.90 (s, 2H),





7.63 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H),





7.53 (m, 1H), 6.94 (m, 1H),





6.77 (d, J = 15.3 Hz,





1H), 6.63 (d, J = 9.3 Hz,





1H), 4.84 (m, 1H),





4.30 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H),





2.99 (s, 6H)


AC97

606.6 ([M + H]+)
8.20 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H),
1644, 1113





7.73 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H),





7.60 (m, 2H), 7.39 (s,





2H), 7.29 (m, 1H),





6.79 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





6.55 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H),





6.40 (m, 2H), 4.60 (d, J = 2.7 Hz,





2H), 4.13 (m,





1H), 3.95 (s, 3H)


AC98

577.87 ([M + H]+)
9.04 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),
1663, 1168





8.60 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 1H),





8.25 (s, 1H), 7.97 (d, J = 8.1 Hz,





1H), 7.87 (d, J = 6.3 Hz,





2H), 7.69 (d, J = 7.5 Hz,





1H), 7.15 (dd, J = 15.9,





9.3 Hz, 1H),





6.89 (d, J = 15.9 Hz,





1H), 4.86 (m, 1H),





3.98 (m, 4H).


AC99

574.81 ([M + H]+)
8.69 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),
1650, 1164





8.58 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 1H),





7.91 (s, 1H), 7.85 (m,





1H), 7.61 (m, 2H),





7.52 (m, 2H), 6.98 (dd, J = 15.3,





9.0 Hz, 1H),





6.76 (d, J = 15.3 Hz, 1H),





4.81 (m, 1H), 4.01 (m,





4H)


AC100

673.80 ([M + H]+)
8.29 (s, 1H), 8.22 (d, J = 8.1 Hz,
3403, 1659





1H), 7.93 (d, J = 7.8 Hz,





1H), 7.72 (m,





1H), 7.65 (m, 2H),





7.40 (s, 2H), 7.18 (br, 1H),





6.59 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.43 (dd, J = 16.0,





7.6 Hz, 1H), 5.02 (d, J = 1.2 Hz,





2H), 4.12 (m,





1H)


AC101

636.83 ([M + H]+)
7.56 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H),
1637, 1113





7.39 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





7.26 (m, 2H), 6.54 (d, J = 15.9 Hz,





1H),





6.37 (dd, J = 8.0, 15.9 Hz,





1H), 4.01 (m, 1H),





3.84 (m, 2H), 3.33 (m, 2H),





3.04 (m, 2H), 2.84 (m,





3H), 2.62 (m, 1H)


AC102

592.84 ([M + H]+)
7.60 (m, 2H), 7.32 (m,
1668, 1167





1H), 7.03 (d, J = 7.2 Hz,





2H), 6.74 (br, 1H),





6.62 (br, 1H), 6.56 (d, J = 16.2 Hz,





1H), 6.41 (dd,





J = 16.2, 7.8 Hz, 1H),





4.22 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 2H),





4.14 (m, 1H), 4.01 (m,





2H)


AC103
 99.2-105.0
612.7 ([M + H]+)
8.40 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),
1634, 1113,





7.92 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H),
809





7.59 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.35 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.99 (dd, J = 16.0, 7.6 Hz,





1H), 6.76 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 4.84 (m,





1H), 4.23 (d, J = 13.2 Hz,





1H), 3.97 (m, 1H),





3.79 (d, J = 13.6 Hz,





1H), 3.16 (t, J = 11.2 Hz,





1H), 2.77 (t, J = 11.2 Hz,





1H), 1.99 (s,





3H), 1.88 (m, 2H),





1.45 (m, 2H)


AC104

680.97 ([M + H]+)
7.60 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m
3437,





3H), 6.55 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,
1644,





1H), 6.41 (dd, J = 15.6,
1113,





7.8 Hz, 1H),
807,





4.24 (m, 1H), 3.34 (m, 2H),
511





2.90 (m, 1H), 2.24 (m,





2H), 1.52 (m, 2H),





1.34 (m, 4H)


AC105

609.9 ([M + H]+)
7.59 (s, 1H), 7.55 (m,
3303, 1649,





1H), 7.50 (m, 1H),
1115, 2242,





7.40 (m, 2H), 6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
809, 506





1H), 6.50 (J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.14 (m, 2H), 3.08 (m, 4H),





2.67 (m, 2H), 2.12 (m,





2H), 1.70 (m, 2H).


AC106

584.95 ([M + H]+)
7.59 (s, 1H), 7.51 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
3417,





1H), 7.40 (s,
1648,





2H), 7.36 (d, J = 6.8 Hz,
1112,





1H), 6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
805, 555





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.03 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.11 (m, 2H), 3.10 (m, 2H),





2.50 (m, 2H), 2.50 (s,





3H) (m, 2H), 1.94 (m,





2H)


AC107

609.9 ([M + H]+)
8.41 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H),
3303,





7.90 (s, 2H), 7.62 (m,
1645,





2H), 7.51 (m, 1H),
1115,





6.92 (dd, J = 15.9, 9.0 Hz,
2243,





1H), 6.77 (d, J = 15.9 Hz,
810,





1H), 4.81 (m, 1H),
507





3.73 (s, 2H), 3.31 (m,





1H), 3.28 (m, 1H),





2.82 (t, J = 11.4 Hz, 2H),





2.82 (m, 2H), 2.30 (m,





2H), 1.88 (m, 2H),





1.57 (m, 2H)


AC108

626.9 ([M + H]+)
7.60 (m, 2H) 7.39 (s,
3420,





2H), 7.28 (m, 1H),
1649,





6.56 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),
1113,





6.40 (dd, J = 15.6, 7.8 Hz,
809,





1H), 5.91 (m, 1H),
554





4.65 (m, 2H), 4.10 (m,





1H), 4.07 (m, 2H),





3.59 (m, 1H), 2.74 (m, 2H),





2.13 (m, 4H), 2.07 (m,





1H)


AC109

614.6 ([M + H]+)
7.56 (m, 2H), 7.39 (s,
1647, 1113





2H), 7.29 (s, 1H),





6.50 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H),





6.41 (dd, J = 15.9, 8.0 Hz





1H), 4.09 (m, 1H),





3.88 (m, 2H), 3.49 (m,





2H), 2.92 (m, 2H),





2.81 (m, 1H), 2.74 (m, 2H),





2.25 (m, 4H)


AC110

572.6 ([M + H]+)
11.20 (s, 1H), 8.66 (br,
3412, 1690,





1H), 7.92 (m, 3H),
1114, 846,





7.62 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),
559





7.45 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.77 (dd, J = 15.6, 9.2 Hz,





1H), 6.77 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 4.85 (m, 1H),





3.74 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 2H),





3.61 (s, 3H)


AC111

582.79 ([M + H]+)
8.63 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),
3419, 1659,





8.04 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),
843, 557





7.92 (m, 3H), 7.62 (d, J = 1.2 Hz,





1H), 7.47 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,





1H), 7.00 (dd,





J = 15.6, 8.8 Hz, 1H),





6.77 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 5.19 (d, J = 1.6 Hz,





1H), 5.01 (d, J = 1.2 Hz,





1H), 4.85 (m, 1H),





3.86 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H),





3.75 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H)


AC112

582.79 ([M + H]+)
8.84 (br, 1H), 8.58 (m,
3399, 1662,





1H), 8.30 (m, 1H),
1114, 807,





7.91 (s, 2H), 7.61 (d, J = 8.1 Hz,
582





1H), 7.42 (d, J = 7.8 Hz,





1H), 7.00 (dd, J = 15.6,





9.3 Hz, 1H),





6.77 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





4.85 (m, 1H), 4.11 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





1H), 3.73 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





1H), 3.04 (s,





6H)


AC113

626.88 ([M + H]+)
8.48 (t, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H),
3431, 1651,





8.3 (s, 1H), 7.90 (s, 2H),
1113, 808,





7.79 (dd, J = 2.0, 2.0 Hz
554





2H), 7.58 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





1H) 7.46 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,





1H) 7.26 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,





1H), 6.98 (m, 1H),





6.75 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





4.85 (m, 1H), 3.49 (d, J = 6.4 Hz,





2H) 2.87 (t, J = 6.4 Hz,





2H)


AC114
113.7-117.5
570.7 ([M + H]+)
8.77 (s, 1H), 8.58 (d, J = 7.2 Hz,





2H), 7.93 (d, J = 7.2 Hz,





2H), 7.60 (dd, J = 1.2,





0.8 Hz, 1H),





7.37 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),





6.99 (m, 1H), 6.77 (d, J = 16 Hz,





1H), 4.85 (m, 1H),





4.10 (m, 1H) 3.29 (m,





2H), 3.05 (m, 2H),





2.0 (m, 2H), 1.76 (m, 2H)


AC115

529.00 ([M + H]+)
8.43 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1589, 3459,





1H), 7.51 (m,
801, 1110





1H), 7.36 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





3H), 7.21 (m, 3H),





6.55 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





6.36 (dd, J = 15.6, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 5.04 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





2H), 4.10 (m, 1H),





2.35 (s, 3H)


AC116

614.87 ([M + H]+)
7.99 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),
3424, 1657,





7.46 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H),
1165





7.34 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H),





7.28 (m, 2H), 6.62 (m,





2H), 6.47 (dd, J = 16.0,





7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.23 (m,





2H), 4.12 (m, 1H),





4.00 (m, 2H)


AC117

525.42 ([M − H]−)
8.39 (br, 1H), 7.85 (br,
3401, 1636,





1H), 7.62 (m, 3H),
1113, 750





7.53 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.46 (s, 1H), 7.40 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 7.17 (m, 1H),





6.78 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.8 Hz,





1H), 6.70 (m, 1H),





4.77 (m, 1H), 4.66 (s,





1H), 4.32 (s, 1H),





2.97 (s, 3H), 2.16 (s, 3H)


AC118

471.79 ([M + H]+)
7.36 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H),
3437, 1655,





7.27 (m, 2H), 7.22 (m,
1262, 1105,





2H), 6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
802





1H), 6.38 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.10 (br, 1H), 4.15 (m, 2H),





3.89 (m, 1H), 3.80 (m,





2H), 3.35 (m, 1H),





2.46 (s, 3H), 2.06 (s, 1H),





1.96 (m, 2H), 1.65 (m,





1H)


BC1

492.17 ([M + H]+)
7.39 (s, 2H),
3211, 1569,





7.25-7.18 (m, 3H), 6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
1113, 806





1H), 6.30 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.4 Hz, 1H),





5.91-5.70 (br, 2H),





4.05 (m, 1H),





3.05-2.80 (m, 6H), 2.70 (m,





1H), 1.81 (m, 1H)


BC2

506.4 ([M + H]+)
8.80 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s,
2923, 1542,





1H), 7.82 (m, 3H),
1033, 805





7.4 (s, 2H), 6.62 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.52 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.18 (m, 1H), 3.38 (m,





2H), 2.98 (m, 2H),





2.71 (m, 1H), 2.04 (m, 2H),





1.54 (s, 3H).


BC3

518.04 ([M − H]−)
7.40 (s, 2H),
3120, 1592,





7.33-7.22 (m, 3H), 6.61 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
1146, 895





1H),





6.34-6.28 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 5.96-5.80 (m,





3H), 5.22 (m, 4H),





4.01 (m, 2H), 2.84-2.99 (m,





2H), 2.71 (m, 1H),





1.86 (m, 1H)


BC4

529.02 ([M + H]+)
7.39 (s, 2H),
3283, 1652,





7.25-7.20 (m, 3H), 6.34 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
1241, 811





1H), 6.30 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.81 (br, 1H), 5.48 (m,





1H), 4.10 (m, 1H),





3.10 (m, 2H), 2.86-3.07 (m,





2H), 2.86 (m, 1H),





1.81 (m, 1H);


BC5

544.25 ([M − H]−)
7.40 (s, 2H), 7.21 (s,
3489, 3291,





1H), 7.12 (m, 1H),
1655, 1112,





6.56 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),
808





6.32 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.4 Hz,





1H), 5.85 (br s, 1H),





5.23 (br s, 1H), 4.12 (m,





1H), 3.18 (m, 3H),





2.80 (m, 3H), 2.08 (m, 2H),





1.83 (m, 5H), 1.25 (m,





2H), 1.01 (m, 3H),





0.78 (m, 2H)


BC6

485.96 ([M − H]−)
7.40 (s, 2H),
3429, 1114,





7.31-7.18 (m, 3H), 6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
804





1H),





6.24-6.28 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 5.40 (br, 1H),





4.01 (m, 2H),





2.78-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.51 (s,





1H), 1.86 (m, 1H),





1.20 (m, 2H), 1.01 (m, 2H),





0.78 (m, 2H)


BC7

500.01 ([M − H]−)
7.40 (s, 2H), 7.31 (s,
3296, 1115,





1H), 7.18 (m, 1H),
806





7.18 (s, 1H), 6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.32 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.78 (br s, 1H), 5.21 (br s,





1H), 4.01 (m, 1H),





2.78 (m, 2H), 2.01 (m, 1H),





1.86 (m, 4H), 1.25 (m,





2H), 1.01 (m, 3H),





0.78 (m, 2H)


BC8

511.88 ([M − H]−)
7.38-7.20 (m, 5H),
1657, 1113,





6.62 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),
855





6.34 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 5.83 (br, 1H),





5.52 (m, 1H), 4.12 (m,





1H), 3.12 (m, 2H),





3.06-2.82 (m, 2H), 2.75 (m,





1H), 1.85 (m, 1H)


BC9
179-181
556.83 ([M − H]−)
8.30 (s, 1H), 7.68 (d, J = 6.4 Hz,





1H),





7.38-7.20 (m, 5H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.34 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.63 (br, 1H), 5.52 (m,





1H), 4.12 (m, 1H),





3.56 (s, 2H), 3.06-2.82 (m,





2H), 2.70 (m, 1H),





1.82 (m, 1H)


BC10

497.98 ([M − H]−)
7.38-7.20 (m, 5H),
3027, 1654,





6.62 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),
815





6.34 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 5.83 (br, 1H),





5.52 (m, 1H), 4.12 (m,





1H), 3.02 (m, 3H),





2.82 (m, 1H), 2.50 (m, 3H),





1.82 (m, 1H), 1.42 (m,





1H)


BC11

530.09 ([M − H]−)
7.80 (m, 1H), 7.48 (m,
1715, 1113,





2H), 7.32 6.65 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
816





1H), 6.54 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.38 (m, 1H), 4.18 (m,





1H), 3.62 (m, 1H),





3.32 (m, 1H), 2.86 (m, 1H),





1.81 (m, 1H)


BC12

514.86 ([M + H]+)
7.32, (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H)
3428, 1112,





7.28 (m, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 8.0,
857





1H), 7.14 (d, J = 8.8,





1H), 6.70 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.60 (m,





2H), 4.15 (m, 1H),





3.85 (m, 1H), 3.65 (m, 1H),





3.46 (m, 2H), 3.19 (m,





2H);


BC13
121-126
553.06 ([M − H]−)
8.33 (br, 1H), 7.59 (s,





1H), 7.45 (m, 3H),





6.72 (d, J = 3.6, 1H),





6.39 (m, 1H), 4.71 (t, J = 7.2 Hz,





2H), 4.15 (m, 2H)


BC14
172-175
554.0 ([M − H]−)
8.83 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 1H),





8.42 (t, J = 14.7 Hz,





1H), 8.22 (d, J = 8.1 Hz,





1H), 8.13 (t, J = 6.3 Hz,





1H), 7.98-7.86 (m, 2H),





7.16-7.07 (m, 1H),





7.01-6.93 (m, 1H),





4.96-4.81 (m, 3H),





4.00-3.88 (m, 2H)


CC1
107-109
402.00 ([M + H]+)
7.37 (m, 3H), 7.28 (m,





4H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.36 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.75 (br s, 1H), 4.46 (d, J = 6 Hz,





2H), 4.01 (m, 1H),





2.11 (s, 3H)


CC2
118-120
428.11 ([M + H]+)
7.37 (m, 3H), 7.28 (m,





4H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.35 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.83 (br s, 1H), 4.46 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.11 (m,





1H), 1.40 (m, 1H),





1.02 (m, 2H), 0.77 (m, 2H)


CC3
119-122
468.20 ([M − H]−)
7.38 (m, 3H), 7.27 (m,





3H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.36 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.4 Hz, 1H),





5.00 (br s, 1H), 4.48 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





2H), 4.11 (m,





1H), 3.15 (q, J = 10.4 Hz,





2H)


CC4

414.16 ([M − H]−)
7.37 (m, 3H), 7.28 (m,





3H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.35 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.69 (br s, 1H), 4.46 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.21 (m,





1H), 2.29 (q, J = 5.8 Hz,





2H), 1.30 (t, J = 7.2 Hz,





3H)


CC5

460.28 ([M − H]−)
7.40 (m, 3H), 7.28 (m,





2H), 6.60 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.33 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.84 (br s, 1H), 4.46 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





2H), 4.10 (m,





1H), 1.36 (m, 1H),





1.02 (m, 2H), 0.77 (m, 2H)


CC6
106-108
504.08 ([M − H]−)
7.40 (m, 3H), 7.26 (m,





1H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.34 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.96 (br s, 1H), 4.49 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





2H), 4.10 (m,





1H), 3.15 (q, J = 10.8 Hz,





2H)


CC7
127-128
436.03 ([M + H]+)
7.42 (m, 4H), 7.24 (m,





2H), 6.53 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.36 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.86 (br s, 1H), 4.51 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.05 (m,





1H), 2.02 (s, 3H)


CC8
129-131
462.15 ([M + H]+)
8.58 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H),





7.72 (m, 1H), 7.66 (m,





3H), 7.49 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 7.30 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.90 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (d, J = 16 Hz,





1H), 4.81 (m,





1H), 4.33 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





1H), 1.64 (m, 1H),





0.68 (m, 4H)


CC9
132-134
504.25 ([M + H]+)
7.41 (m, 3H), 7.26 (m,





3H), 6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.37 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.13 (br s, 1H), 4.56 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.11 (m,





1H), 3.13 (m, 2H)


CC10

538.03 ([M + 2H]+)
7.38 (m, 4H), 6.56 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
1651, 1112,





1H),
807





6.38 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.18 (m, 1H),





4.58 (m, 2H), 4.08 (m, 1H),





3.08 (m, 2H)


CC11
111-112
494.12 ([M − H]−)
7.42 (m, 3H), 7.24 (m,





1H), 6.54 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.34 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.03 (m, 1H), 4.53 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





1H), 4.10 (m, 1H),





1.39 (m, 1H), 1.00 (m,





2H), 0.77 (m, 2H)


CC12
76-78
510.07 ([M − H]−)
7.39 (s, 4H), 7.34 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 7.26 (m,





1H), 6.57 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.35 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.10 (br s, 1H), 4.49 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.10 (m,





1H), 1.20 (s, 9H)


CC13
73-76
563.37 ([M − H]−)
8.51 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H),





7.63 (s, 1H), 7.51 (m,





1H), 7.45 (m, 2H),





7.39 (s, 2H), 7.28 (m, 1H),





6.58 (m, 2H), 6.37 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.71 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),





4.11 (m, 1H)


CC14

581.45 ([M + 1H]+)
8.51 (m, 1H), 8.30 (d, J = 2.4 Hz,
3430, 1656,





1H), 7.73 (m,
1109, 806





1H), 7.61 (s, 2H),





7.51 (s, 1H), 7.32 (m, 3H),





6.66 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.56 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.50 (m,





1H), 4.45 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





1H), 3.56 (s, 2H)


CC15

480.24 ([M + H]+)
7.40 (m, 3H), 7.33 (m,
3293, 1651,





1H), 7.22 (m, 2H),
1543, 1114,





6.54 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),
812





6.34 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.03 (br s, 1H),





4.53 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





4.13 (m, 1H), 1.41 (m,





1H), 1.00 (m, 2H),





0.77 (m, 2H)


CC16

520.33 ([M − H]−)
7.42 (s, 1H), 7.37 (m,
3307, 1665,





3H), 7.22 (m, 1H),
1114, 813





6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.36 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.19 (br s, 1H),





4.51 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





4.21 (m, 1H), 3.33 (m,





2H)


CC17
117-119
459.83 ([M − H]−)
7.51 (m, 2H), 7.39 (m,
3293, 1633,





2H), 7.24 (m, 2H),
1110, 820





6.52 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





6.38 (dd, J = 15.6, 7.6 Hz,





1H), 6.02 (br s, 1H),





4.53 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





4.14 (m, 1H), 1.38 (m,





1H)), 1.00 (m, 2H),





0.77 (m, 2H)


CC18
119-123
501.88 ([M − H]−)
7.48 (m, 2H), 7.41 (s,
3435, 1644,





1H), 7.36 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1111, 817





1H), 7.23 (m, 2H),





6.52 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.39 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.13 (br s, 1H),





4.56 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H),





4.15 (m, 1H), 3.13 (m,





2H)


CC19

530 ([M + H]+)
7.41 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m,
3435, 1644,





1H), 6.53 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
1111, 817





1H), 6.35 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.53 (m, 2H), 4.10 (m, 1H),





3.42 (m, 2H), 2.97 (s,





3H), 2.78 (m, 2H)


CC20

512 ([M + H]+)
7.42 (m, 3H), 7.24 (m,
3293, 1633,





1H), 6.54 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,
1110, 820





1H), 6.34 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.03 (m 1H), 4.53 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





1H), 4.10 (m, 1H),





1.19 (m, 1H), 1.00 (m,





2H), 0.77 (m, 2H)


CC21
55-58
493.99 ([M − H]−)
(DMSO-d6) 8.62 (m,





1H), 7.95 (s, 1H),





7.85 (m, 1H), 7.66 (m, 3H),





7.47 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.98 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.84 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 4.83 (m,





1H), 4.44 (s, 2H),





1.68 (m, 1H), 0.71 (m, 4H)


CC22
67-69
530.01 ([M + H]+)
8.62 (m, 1H), 7.90 (s,





3H), 7.82 (m, 1H),





7.45 (m, 1H), 6.98 (m, 1H),





6.84 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 4.82 (m, 1H),





4.4 (s, 2H), 1.66 (m, 1H),





0.72 (m, 4H)


CC23
69-71
564.99 ([M − H]−)
9.02 (br s, 1H), 8.54 (br





s, 1H), 8.26 (br s, 1H),





7.48-7.54 (m, 3H),





7.22-7.42 (m, 3H),





6.59-6.62 (m, 2H),





6.38-6.42 (m, 1H),





4.82 (m, 2H), 4.19 (s,





1H)


CC24
125-127
570.26 ([M − H]−)
7.64 (s, 1H), 7.54 (s,





2H), 7.46 (s, 2H),





6.62 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.41 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.4 Hz,





1H), 6.03 (m, 1H),





4.65 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H),





4.14 (m, 1H,), 3.13 (q, J = 10.6 Hz,





2H)


CC25

579.86 ([M − H]−)
7.60 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s,
3297, 1663,





2H), 7.37 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1114, 809





1H), 7.31 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.53 (d, 1H, J = 16.0 Hz),





6.35 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.17 (br s, 1H), 4.56 (d, J = 6.4 Hz,





2H), 4.12 (m,





1H), 3.15 (q, J = 10.6 Hz,





2H)


CC26
129-131
539.89 ([M + H]+)
7.59 (s, 1H), 7.39 (m,





2H), 7.30 (s, 1H),





6.53 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.35 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.06 (br s, 1H),





4.42 (d, J = 4.4 Hz, 2H),





4.12 (m, 1H), 1.35 (br s,





1H), 0.95 (br s, 2H),





0.75 (m, 2H)


CC27

519.95 ([M − H]−)
7.39 (s, 2H), 7.33 (t, J = 7.6 Hz,
3306, 1786





1H), 7.14 (m,





2H), 6.56 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.35 (dd, J = 16.0,





7.6 Hz, 1H),





6.06 (br s, 1H), 4.52 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





2H), 4.08 (m,





1H), 3.90 (s, 2H),





3.13 (m, 2H)


CC28

477.93 ([M − H]−)
7.39 (s, 2H), 7.35 (m,
3625, 1747





1H), 7.14 (m, 2H),





6.55 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





6.33 (dd, J = 15.6, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 5.93 (br s, 1H),





4.49 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





2H), 4.10 (m, 1H),





1.36 (m, 1H), 1.00 (m, 2H),





0.77 (m, 2H)


CC29

620.86 ([M − H]−)
8.58 (d, J = 4.6 Hz, 1H),
1645, 1115,





7.74 (m, 1H), 7.62 (m,
808





2H), 7.52 (m, 1H),





7.4 (s, 2H), 7.3 (m, 1H),





7.2 (m, 2H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.38 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.02 (s, 1H), 4.8 (s, 1H),





4.8 (d, J = 10 Hz, 2H),





4.10 (m, 1H), 1.8 (m,





1H), 1.2 (m, 2H),





0.6 (m, 2H)


CC30
101-104
559.75 ([M − H]−)
7.41 (m, 4H), 7.24 (m,





1H), 6.53 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.35 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.12 (br s, 1H), 4.53 (m, 2H),





4.10 (m, 1H), 3.42 (m,





2H), 2.91 (s, 3H),





2.78 (m, 2H)


CC31
177-178
463 ([M − H]−)
7.58 (m, 2H), 7.41 (m,





3H), 7.24 (m, 1H),





6.53 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.35 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.70 (br s, 1H),





4.43 (s, 2H), 4.08 (m,





1H), 3.21 (m, 2H),





1.25 (m, 3H);


CC32
141-142
532.99 ([M + H]+)
7.66 (m, 2H), 7.54 (m,





1H), 7.41 (s, 2H),





6.62 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.40 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.59 (s, 3H),





4.19 (m, 1H), 3.25 (m,





2H), 1.15 (m, 2H)


CC33

540.88 ([M − H]−)
7.57 (s, 1H), 7.40 (m,
3338, 1631,





2H), 7.30 (s, 1H),
1578, 1114,





7.20 (br s, 1H), 6.53 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
809





1H), 6.33 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.06 (br s, 1H), 4.75 (br





s, 1H), 4.42 (s, 2H),





4.20 (br s, 1H), 4.15 (m, 2H),





3.20 (m, 2H), 1.15 (m,





3H)


CC34
118-120
541.40 ([M + H]+)
7.42 (m, 3H), 7.28 (m,





2H), 6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.36 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.96 (m, 1H), 4.51 (d, J = 5.6 Hz,





2H), 4.12 (m, 1H),





3.69 (t, J = 4.8 Hz, 4H),





3.35 (t, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H)


CC35
78-79
547.82 ([M + H]+)
9.95 (br s, 1H), 8.17 (d,





J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (d,





J = 6.4 Hz), 7.43 (m,





3H), 7.24 (m, 2H),





6.90 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H),





6.66 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.33 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.65 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





1H), 4.09 (m, 1H)


CC36

497 ([M − H]−)
7.39 (m, 4H), 7.28 (m,
3350, 1705,





1H), 6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
1114, 808





1H), 6.34 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.97 (br s, 1H), 4.38 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.10 (m,





1H), 2.9 (s, 3H), 2.7 (s,





3H)


CC37
88-91
515.01 ([M + H]+)
7.49 (d, J = 8 Hz, 1H),





7.41 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H),





7.26 (m, 2H), 6.50 (d, J = 16 Hz,





1H), 6.35 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





6.0 (brs, 1H), 5.73 (br s,





1H), 4.80 (br s, 2H),





4.09 (m, 1H), 1.23 (m,





3H)


CC38
63-66
526.97 ([M + H]+)
7.48 (d, J = 8 Hz, 1H),





7.39 (m, 3H), 7.27 (m,





1H), 6.54 (d, J = 16 Hz,





1H), 6.33 (dd, J = 6.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.17 (br s,





1H), 5.92 (br s, 1H),





5.83 (m, 2H), 5.29 (t, J = 15.4 Hz,





2H), 4.80 (br





s, 2H), 4.12 (m, 1H),





4.02 (br s, 2H)


CC39

526.09 ([M − H]−)
7.39 (m, 4H), 7.28 (m,
3350, 1705,





1H), 6.54 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
1114, 808





1H), 6.34 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.97 (br s, 1H), 4.38 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,





2H), 4.10 (m,





1H), 1.53 (s, 9H)


CC40
159-160
580.25 ([M − H]−)
7.46 (m, 5H), 7.29 (m,





1H), 7.20 (m, 3H),





6.55 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.37 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 5.62 (br s, 1H),





4.55 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H),





4.11 (m, 1H)


CC41

512.22 ([M − H]−)
7.48 (m, 1H), 7.43 (m,
1740, 1701,





3H), 7.38 (m, 1H),
1114, 808





7.23 (s, 1H), 6.55 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.36 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 4.60 (d,





2H), 4.18 (m, 1H),





3.85 (s, 3H)


CC42
161-163
578.96 ([M − H]−)
(DMSO-d6) 9.45 (br s,





2H), 7.90 (s, 2H),





7.75 (s, 1H), 7.46 (br s, 1H),





7.28 (br s, 1H), 6.93 (m,





1H), 6.75 (br s, 1H),





4.80 (m, 1H), 4.40 (br s,





2H), 3.90 (br s, 2H)


CC43
140-142
505.39 ([M + H]+)
8.11 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 1H),





7.40 (m, 5H), 7.22 (m,





1H), 6.61 (m, 2H),





6.35 (m, 2H), 4.94 (br s, 1H)





4.61 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H),





4.11 (m, 1H)


CC44

536.88 ([M − H]−)
8.41 (s, 1H), 7.77 (s,
3320, 1674,





1H), 7.47 (br s, 1H),
1114, 808





7.40 (s, 2H), 6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.45 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.68 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 2H),





4.14 (m, 1H), 3.24 (q, J = 10.8 Hz,





2H)


CC45

494.88 ([M − H]−)
8.41 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s,
3309, 1659,





1H), 7.40 (s, 2H),
1115, 808





7.15 (br s, 1H), 6.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.44 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.67 (d, J = 4.4 Hz, 2H),





4.16 (m, 1H), 1.57 (m,





1H), 1.04 (m, 2H),





0.87 (m, 2H)


CC46
151-153
554.04 ([M − H]−)
8.06 (m, 1H), 7.61 (m,





4H), 7.48 (s, 2H),





7.44 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.38 (m, 1H), 6.42 (m, 1H),





5.92 (br s, 1H), 4.92 (m,





2H), 4.24 (m, 1H),





3.12 (m, 2H)


CC47

478.09 ([M + H]+)
8.06 (m, 2H), 7.61 (m,
3309, 1659,





4H), 7.48 (s, 2H),
1115, 808





7.44 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.38 (m, 2H), 6.42 (m, 1H),





4.92 (s, 2H), 1.36 (m,





1H), 1.00 (m, 2H),





0.77 (m, 2H)


CC48

511.05 ([M + H]+)
8.06 (m, 2H), 7.61 (m,
3309, 1659,





3H), 7.48 (s, 2H),
1115, 808





7.44 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.38 (m, 2H), 6.42 (m, 1H),





4.92 (s, 2H), 1.36 (m,





1H), 1.00 (m, 2H),





0.77 (m, 2H)


CC49
84-87
515.33 ([M + H]+).
8.06 (m, 1H), 7.98 (m,





1H), 7.61 (m, 3H),





7.48 (s, 2H), 7.44 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 7.38 (m, 2H),





6.42 (m, 1H), 4.92 (s,





2H), 4.6 (br s, 1H),





4.24 (m, 1H), 3.21 (m, 2H),





1.2 (t, J = 4.6 Hz, 3H)


CC50
138-140
461.32 ([M − 1H]−)
9.81 (s, 1H), 7.90 (s,





1H), 7.84 (s, 2H),





7.34 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H),





6.65 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





6.61 (m, 1H), 6.57 (s,





1H), 6.48 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (m,





1H), 1.64 (m, 1H),





0.75 (m, 4H);


CC51
149-150
505.31 ([M − H]−)
7.56 (br s, 1H), 7.4 (s,





3H), 7.3 (m, 3H),





7.05 (br s, 1H), 6.8 (d, J = 6 Hz,





2H), 6.57 (m, 2H),





6.20 (m, 2H), 4.05 (m,





1H), 3.2 (q, J = 10.4 Hz,





2H)


CC52

464.87 ([M − H]−)
7.40 (s, 2H), 7.18 (s,
3309, 1659,





1H), 7.08 (s, 1H),
1115, 808





6.85 (m, 1H), 6.45 (m, 1H),





6.20 (m, 1H),





5.55 (s, 1H), 4.08 (m, 1H),





1.30-1.10 (m, 4H),





1.90 (m, 1H)


CC53

506 ([M + H]+)
7.40 (s, 2H), 7.18 (s,
3309, 1659,





1H), 7.08 (s, 1H),
1115, 808





6.85 (m, 1H), 6.45 (m, 1H),





6.20 (m, 1H),





5.55 (s, 1H), 4.08 (m, 1H),





3.21 (m, 2H)


CC54

504 ([M + H]+)
7.28 (s, 2H), 7.25 (m,





2H), 7.10 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 6.89 (d, J = 11.4 Hz,





1H), 6.07 (br s, 1H),





6.01 (m, 1H), 4.51 (d, J = 5.8 Hz,





2H), 4.34 (m,





1H), 3.12 (q, J = 7.5 Hz,





2H)


DC1
93-97
398.05 ([M + H]+)
8.56 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s,





1H), 7.68 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





2H), 7.54 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





2H), 7.38 (t, J = 1.8 Hz,





1H), 7.29 (s, 2H),





6.62 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





6.42 (dd, J = 15.6, 8.2 Hz,





1H), 4.15 (m, 1H)


DC2

363.0746 (363.075)
8.59 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s,
3121, 1524,





1H), 7.69 (d, J = 8.5 Hz,
1251, 1165,





2H), 7.55 (d, J = 8.5 Hz,
1119





2H), 7.41-7.29 (m,





4H), 6.64 (d, J = 15.7 Hz,





1H), 6.47 (dd, J = 15.9,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.17 (m, 1H)


DC3

329.1144 (329.114)
8.56 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s,
1521, 1246,





1H), 7.65 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1219, 1162,





2H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.3 Hz,
1152, 1107





2H), 7.40 (m, 5H),





6.61 (d, J = 15.8 Hz, 1H),





6.51 (dd, J = 15.9, 7.7 Hz,





1H), 4.18 (m, 1H)


DC4

364.11 ([M + H]+)
8.56 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s,
3147, 1528,





1H), 7.66 (d, J = 2.0 Hz,
1494, 1246,





2H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,
1165, 1108





2H), 7.38 (d, J = 2.4 Hz,





2H), 7.34 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





2H), 6.61 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





7.6 Hz, 1H),





4.15 (m, 1H)


DC5

344.25 ([M + H]+)
8.54 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s,
3122, 3047,





1H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.3 Hz,
1523, 1252,





2H), 7.50 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1160, 1107





2H), 7.25 (d, J = 8.3 Hz,





2H), 7.20 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.51 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.15 (m, 1H), 2.37 (s, 3H)


DC6

360.28 ([M + H]+)
8.55 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s,
3124, 2936,





1H), 7.65 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,
1522, 1249,





2H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,
1160





2H), 7.32 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,





2H), 6.95 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,





2H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.56 (dd, J = 16.0,





7.4 Hz, 1H),





4.15 (m, 1H), 3.82 (s, 3H)


DC7

348 ([M + H]+)
8.55 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s,
3141, 1512,





1H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,
1246, 1118





2H), 7.5 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





2H), 7.38 (m, 2H),





7.12 (m, 2H), 6.61 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd,





J = 16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H),





4.15 (m, 1H)


DC8

366.13 ([M + H]+)
8.57 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s,
3116, 1628,





1H), 7.65 (d, J = 7.2 Hz,
1524, 1252,





2H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1168, 1118





2H), 6.95 (m, 2H),





6.82 (m, 1H), 6.65 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.50 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.15 (m, 1H)


DC9

348.11 ([M + H]+)
8.71 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s,
3115, 1525,





1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1248, 1174





2H), 7.57 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 7.40 (m, 1H),





7.19 (m, 3H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.4 Hz, 1H),





4.15 (m, 1H)


DC10

348.11 ([M + H]+)
8.75 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s,
3114, 1526,





1H), 7.72 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1259, 1238,





2H), 7.6 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1193, 1114





2H), 7.20-7.40 (m,





4H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H, ),





4.60 (m, 1H)


DC11
75.5-78.5
358.14 ([M + H]+)
8.55 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s,





1H), 7.65 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,





2H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





2H), 7.01 (s, 3H),





6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.51 (dd, J = 16.0, 7.8 Hz,





1H), 4.15 (m, 1H),





2.34 (s, 6H)


DC12

398.05 ([M + H]+)
8.58 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s,
3055, 2930,





1H), 7.68 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1523, 1250,





2H), 7.53 (m, 4H),
1165





7.2 (s, 1H) 6.62 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.44 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.15 (m, 1H)


DC13

396.16 ([M + H]+)
8.58 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s,
3108, 1523,





1H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1249, 1166,





2H), 7.55 (m, 4H),
1127





7.25 (m, 1H), 6.64 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.90 (m, 1H)


DC14

398.05 ([M + H]+)
8.58 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s,
3117, 2925,





1H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1526, 1246,





2H), 7.55 (m, 4H),
1172, 1117





7.25 (m, 1H), 6.67 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





5.00 (m, 1H)


DC15

397.95 ([M + H]+)
8.58 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s,
3120, 1524,





1H), 7.66 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1267, 1176,





2H), 7.52 (m, 3H),
1112





7.40 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.30 (dd, J = 8.4, 2.9 Hz,





1H), 6.64 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.90 (m, 1H)


DC16

466 ([M + H]+)
8.61 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s,





1H), 7.92 (s, 1H),





7.86 (s, 2H), 7.70 (d, J = 7.0 Hz,





2H), 7.54 (d, J = 7.0 Hz,





2H), 6.67 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.46 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.35 (m, 1H)


DC17

430.06 ([M + H]+)
8.58 (s, 1H), 8.1 (s, 1H),
3122, 3076,





7.68 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H),
2929, 1523,





7.54 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H),
1250, 1168,





7.51 (s, 1H), 7.42 (s,
1114





1H), 6.68 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.35 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0, Hz, 1H),





4.98 (m, 1H)


DC18
92-95
429.91 ([M + H]+)
8.57 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s,





1H), 7.69 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,





2H), 7.54 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





2H), 7.42 (s, 2H),





6.65 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.40 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.10 (m, 1H)


DC19
97-99
430.321 ([M + H]+)
8.58 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s,





1H), 7.68 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 7.64 (s, 1H),





7.59 (s, 1H), 7.55 (m, 3H),





6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.22 (m,





1H)


DC20

427.0463 (427.0466)
8.58 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s,
2937, 1524,





1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1482, 1278,





2H), 7.58 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,
1249, 1166,





2H), 7.36 (s, 2H),
1112





6.62 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.43 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.12 (m, 1H),





3.88 (s, 3H)


DC21

412.04 ([M + H]+)
8.42 (s, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
3108, 1572,





2H), 7.50 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1531, 1242,





2H), 7.40 (s,
1172, 1104





1H), 7.22 (s, 2H),





6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.42 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.15 (m, 1H),





2.5 (s, 3H)


DC22
147-149
441.01 ([M − H]−)
8.62 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 7.60 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 7.40 (s,





1H), 7.30 (s, 2H),





6.67 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.48 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.15 (m, 1H)


DC23

412.05 ([M + H]+)
7.95 (s, 1H), 7.35 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1112, 799





2H), 7.46 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 7.39 (s,





1H), 7.29 (s, 2H),





6.67 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.45 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.12 (m, 1H),





2.51 (s, 3H)


DC24
133-134
440.03 ([M + H]+)
8.10 (s, 1H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H),





7.42-7.38 (m, 3H), 7.28 (s, 2H),





6.67 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.45 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (m,





1H), 2.79 (s, 3H)


DC25

442.02 ([M − H]−)
7.97 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1167, 1114,





2H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
800





2H), 7.38 (m,





1H), 7.29 (s, 2H),





6.65 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.42 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.17 (m, 1H),





2.74 (s, 3H)


DC26

464.03 ([M − H]−)
8.12 (s, 1H), 7.49 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,
1689, 1253,





2H),
1166, 1114,





7.40-7.37 (m 3H), 7.28 (s, 2H),
979, 964





6.66 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.44 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (m,





1H), 3.22 (m, 1H),





1.09-1.16 (m, 4H)


DC27

473.94 ([M − H]−)
8.19 (s, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 7.2 Hz,
1571, 1331,





2H), 7.55 (d, 7.2 Hz,
1170, 1113,





2H), 7.39 (s, 1H),
764





7.30 (s, 2H), 6.62 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.42 (dd,





J = 8.0, 16.0 Hz, 1H),





4.18 (m, 1H), 3.58 (s,





3H)


DC28

421.22 ([M + H]+)
8.79 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s,
3126, 2233,





1H), 7.80 (m, 3H),
1516, 1250,





7.52 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m, 1H),
1165, 1109





6.63 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.54 (d, J = 16.0,





7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (m,





1H)


DC29

421.22 ([M + H]+)
8.80 (s, 1H), 8.2 (s, 1H),
3005, 1716,





7.75-7.82 (m, 3H),
1363, 1223





7.41 (t, J = 2 Hz, 1H),





7.26 (m, 2H), 6.65 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H),





6.52 (dd, J = 16.0, 7.6 Hz,





1H), 4.16 (m, 1H)


DC30

489.17 ([M + H]+)
8.81 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s,
2964, 2234,





1H), 7.94 (s, 1H),
1289, 1166,





7.85 (m, 3H), 7.79 (m, 2H),
1136





6.70 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.58 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.35 (m,





1H)


DC31
117-118
455.27 ([M + H]+)
8.80 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s,





1H), 7.82 (m, 3H),





7.4 (s, 2H), 6.62 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.52 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.18 (m, 1H)


DC32

388.0705 (388.0703)
8.82 (s, 1H), 8.22 (s,
3126, 2234,





1H), 7.82-7.78 (m, 3H),
1520, 1280,





7.38-7.30 (m, 3H),
1164, 1112





6.62 (d, J = 16.1 Hz, 1H),





6.56 (dd, J = 16.1, 6.8 Hz,





1H), 4.18 (m, 1H)


DC33

455.22 ([M − H]−)
8.80 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s,
3122, 3086,





1H), 7.82-7.80 (m, 3H),
2234, 1517,





7.70-7.50 (m, 3H),
1327, 1168,





6.65 (d, J = 16.9 Hz, 1H),
1113





6.54 (dd, J = 16.9, 6.8 Hz,





1H), 4.25 (m, 1H)


DC34

452.0412 (452.0419)
8.85 (s, 1H), 8.23 (br s,
3122, 2934,





1H), 7.83-7.78 (m, 3H),
2231, 1516,





7.33 (s, 2H), 6.69 (d, J = 14.9 Hz,
1480, 1248,





1H), 6.50 (dd,
1211, 1165,





J = 14.9, 7.2 Hz, 1H),
1111





4.15 (m, 1H), 3.90 (s,





3H)


DC35

439.01 ([M − H]−)
8.60 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s,
2233, 1518,





1H), 7.82 (m, 3H),
1250, 1169,





7.28 (m, 2H), 6.65 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
1035, 817





1H), 6.48 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.20 (m, 1H)


DC36

437.25 ([M + H]+)
8.70 (s, 1H), 7.80 (m,
2927, 2233,





3H), 7.40 (s, 1H),
1572, 1531,





7.28 (s, 2H), 6.63 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
1248, 1166,





1H), 6.50 (dd, J = 16.0,
1112





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.18 (m, 1H), 2.50 (s, 1H)


DC37
109-111
466.10 ([M − H]−)
8.86 (s, 1H), 7.89 (m,





3H), 7.40 (s, 1H),





7.30 (s, 2H), 6.68 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.57 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.18 (m, 1H)


DC38
96-98
436.11 ([M − H]−)
8.58 (s, 1H), 7.75 (m,





3H), 7.40 (s, 1H),





7.28 (s, 2H), 6.61 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.42 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.2 Hz, 1H),





4.40 (br s, 2H), 4.15 (m, 1H)


DC39
224-226
480.30 ([M + H]+)
8.65 (s, 1H), 8.18 (br s,
3352, 2237,





1H), 7.80-7.70 (m, 3H),
1707, 1163,





7.40 (s, 1H), 7.27 (s,
841





2H), 7.36 (m, 1H),





7.28 (m, 2H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.8 Hz,





1H), 6.47 (m,





1H), 4.16 (m, 1H),





2.40 (br s, 3H)


DC40
70-73
436.11 ([M − 2H]−)
8.86 (s, 1H), 7.88 (m,





3H), 7.44 (s, 2H),





6.67 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H),





6.56 (dd, J = 16.0 7.6 Hz,





1H), 4.19 (m, 1H)


DC41
72-75
469.95 ([M − H]−)
(DMSO-d6) 8.72 (s,





1H), 8.26 (s, 1H),





8.01 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





7.91 (s, 2H), 7.77 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





1H), 6.42 (dd, J = 15.6,





9.2 Hz, 1H),





6.83 (d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),





5.87 (s, 2H), 4.89 (m,





1H)


DC42
104-107
609.98 ([M + H]+)
8.78 (s, 2H), 7.83 (s,
2234, 1714,





1H), 7.80 (m, 2H),
1114, 807





7.42 (s, 2H), 6.65 (d, J = 16.4 Hz,





1H), 6.51 (dd, J = 16.4,





7.8 Hz, 1H),





4.17 (m, 1H), 42.16 (m, 2H),





1.25 (m, 4H), 1.00 (m,





4H),


DC43
109-112
540.04 ([M + H]+)
(DMSO-d6) 10.94 (br s,
3233, 2233,





1H), 8.36 (s, 1H),
1699, 1114,





8.08 (m, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),
807





7.91 (s, 2H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,





1H), 7.13 (dd, J = 15.6,





9.2 Hz, 1H),





6.87 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 4.92 (m, 1H),





1.99 (br s, 1H), 0.82 (s, 4H)


DC44

435.26 [M − H]−
8.33 (s, 1H), 8.23 (s,
2236, 1510,





1H), 7.66 (s, 1H),
1114, 801





7.60 (s, 1H), 7.41 (m, 1H),





7.28 (m, 2H), 6.62 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H),





6.51 (dd, J = 16.0, 7.8 Hz,





1H), 4.16 (m, 1H),





2.20 (s, 3H)


DC45
75-78
468.87 [M − H]−
8.36 (s, 1H), 8.23 (s,





1H), 7.66 (s, 1H),





7.60 (s, 1H), 7.41 (s, 2H),





6.62 (d, J = 16.4 Hz,





1H), 6.51 (dd, J = 16.4,





7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (m,





1H), 2.20 (s, 3H)


DC46

411.4 ([M]+)
8.83 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s,

13C NMR (δ)3





1H), 7.83 (d, J = 8.5 Hz,
155.63,





1H), 7.61 (d, J = 1.9 Hz,
153.27,





1H), 7.52 (dd, J = 8.4,
153.12,





1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (d, J = 3.8 Hz,
143.01,





2H), 6.93 (d, J = 11.5 Hz,
137.89,





1H),
136.25,





6.26-6.20 (m, 1H), 4.22 (m,
134.03,





1H)
133.88,






132.23,






131.23,






131.18,






129.20,






126.17,






125.04,






124.99


DC47
139-141
474.16 ([M − H]−)
8.51 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s,





1H), 7.75 (s, 1H),





7.5 (m, 2H), 7.4 (s, 1H),





7.30 (m, 2H), 6.60 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H),





6.50 (dd, J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz,





1H), 4.15 (m, 1H)


DC48
124-126
414.05 [M − H]−
8.69 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s,





1H), 7.96 (d, J = 4.8 Hz,





1H), 7.39-7.27 (m, 5H),





6.95 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.51 (dd, J = 16.0,





7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (m,





1H)


DC49
81-83
463.96 [M − H]−
8.57 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s,





1H), 7.60 (m, 2H),





7.44 (m, 3H), 6.95 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.51 (dd,





J = 16.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H),





4.13 (m, 1H)


DC50
140-143
430.07 [M − H]−)
8.56 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s,
1110, 803





1H), 7.59 (d, J = 1.2 Hz,





2H), 7.44 (m, 2H),





7.28 (m, 2H), 6.61 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.47 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.15 (m, 1H)


DC51
118-121
464.22 ([M − H]−)
8.32 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s,





1H), 7.82 (s, 1H),





7.73 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





7.53 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





7.41 (s, 1H), 7.29 (s, 2H),





6.70 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.50 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.20 (m,





1H)


DC52


9.99 (s, 1H), 8.42 (s,
3123, 3079,





1H), 8.12 (s, 1H),
2925, 1692,





8.01 (s, 1H), 7.68 (m, 1H),
1571, 1512,





7.44 (m, 1H), 7.33 (m,
1253, 1164,





1H), 7.22 (s, 2H),
1111





6.62 (d, J = 16.7 Hz, 1H),





6.45 (dd, J = 16.7, 9.3 Hz,





1H), 4.10 (m, 1H)


DC53


8.30 (m, 1H), 8.00 (br s,
3250, 3043,





1H), 7.75 (m, 1H),
1683, 1116





7.68 (m, 1H), 7.55 (m, 1H),





7.36 (m, 1H), 7.28 (m,





2H), 6.70 (m, 1H),





6.58 (br s, 1H), 6.33 (m, 1H),





5.88 (m, 2H), 4.10 (m,





1H)


DC54
56-58
441.07 ([M − H]−)
8.40 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s,





1H), 8.02 (s, 1H),





7.76 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),





7.59 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.4 (s, 1H), 7.29 (m, 2H),





6.69 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.57 (dd, J = 15.6,





7.8 Hz, 1H), 4.15 (m,





1H)


DC55

412.97 ([M + H]+)
8.37 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s,





1H), 7.39 (s, 1H),





7.30 (m, 2H), 7.19 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





1H), 6.90 (m, 2H),





6.55 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.38 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.2 Hz, 1H), 4.20 (m,





1H), 2.50 (br s, 2H)


DC56
175-177
453 ([M − H]−)
9.59 (br s, 1H), 8.55 (s,





1H), 8.47 (s, 2H),





8.23 (s, 1H), 7.30 (m, 4H),





6.62 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.15 (m,





1H), 2.20 (s, 3H)


DC57

426.0627 (426.0626)
8.33 (s, 1H), 8.16 (s,
3342, 3112,





1H), 7.38 (s, 1H),
2931, 1606,





7.29 (s, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,
1583, 1574,





1H), 6.80 (d, J = 7.6 Hz,
1528, 1153





1H), 6.74 (m, 1H),





6.60 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,





1H), 6.35 (dd, J = 15.6,





8.4 Hz, 1H), 5.40 (br s,





1H), 4.15 (m, 1H),





2.90 (s, 3H)


DC58
94-97
440.0424 (440.0419)
(DMSO-d6) 8.76 (s,
3403, 3304,





1H), 8.16 (s, 1H),
3178, 1674,





7.90 (br s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H),
1571, 1169,





7.70 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H),
1108





7.71-7.67 (m, 3H),





7.58 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H),





7.52 (br s, 1H), 7.00 (dd, J = 15.8,





8.7 Hz, 1H),





6.85 (d, J = 15.8 Hz, 1H),





4.85 (m, 1H)


DC59
87-90

(DMSO-d6) 9.00 (s,





1H), 8.63 (s, 1H),





8.17 (s, 1H), 7.70-7.59 (m,





5H), 7.00 (dd, J = 16.2,





9.7 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (d, J = 16.2 Hz,





1H), 5.90 (br s





2H), 4.83 (m, 1H)


DC60

469.0577 (469.0572)
8.32 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s,
2987, 1725,





1H), 7.97 (s, 1H),
1518, 1275,





7.65 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H),
1166, 1113





7.47 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H),





7.40 (m, 1H), 7.28 (s, 2H),





6.62 (d, J = 16.5 Hz,





1H), 6.49 (dd, J = 16.5,





7.7 Hz, 1H),





4.23-4.04 (m, 3H), 1.15 (t, J = 8.0 Hz,





3H)


DC61
130-132
442.15 ([M + H]+)
(DMSO-d6) 9.90 (s,





1H), 8.17 (s, 1H),





8.15 (m, 1H), 7.90 (m, 1H),





7.71 (m, 2H), 7.67 (m,





1H), 7.62 (d, J = 7.3 Hz,





1H), 7.03 (dd, J = 16.5,





8.3 Hz, 1H), 6.62 (d, J = 16.5 Hz,





1H), 4.87 (m,





1H)


DC62

412.10 ([M + H]+)
8.27 (s, 1H), 8.23 (s,
1513, 1252,





1H), 7.40 (m, 3H),
1166, 1112,





7.30 (m, 3H), 6.64 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,
801





1H), 6.45 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.19 (m, 1H), 2.21 (s,





3H)


DC63

446.01 ([M + H]+)
8.26 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s,
2928,





1H), 7.42 (s, 2H),
2525, 1249,





7.18-7.28 (m, 3H), 6.62 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,
1169, 1114,





1H),
809





6.39 (dd, J = 15.6, 9.4 Hz,





1H), 4.10 (m, 1H),





2.25 (s, 3H)


DC64

475.03 ([M + H]+)
8.84 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 2H),
1683, 1167,





8.33 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s,
650, 479





1H), 7.75 (m, 1H),





7.60 (d, J = 28.6 Hz, 1H),





7.58-7.48 (m, 3H),





7.42 (m, 1H), 7.28 (s, 2H),





6.71 (d, J = 16.9 Hz,





1H), 6.39 (dd, J = 16.9,





8.2 Hz, 1H), 4.15 (m,





1H)


DC65

412.05 ([M + H]+)
8.55 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s,
722, 111





1H), 7.55 (m, 3H),





7.39 (m, 1H), 7.30 (d, J = 1.6 Hz,





1H), 6.85 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.41 (dd,





J = 16.0, 8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.17 (m, 1H), 2.40 (s,





3H)


DC66
60-61
468.26 ([M + H]+)
8.59 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s,





1H), 7.94 (s, 1H),





7.70 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.61 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),





7.43 (s, 2H), 7.23 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.41 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





4.20 (m, 1H)


DC67
133-134
432.30 ([M + H]+)
8.59 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s,
800, 114





1H), 7.78 (br s, 1H),





7.71 (m, 1H), 7.62 (m,





1H), 7.39 (s, 1H),





7.32 (s, 2H), 7.03 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 6.43 (dd, J = 16.0,





8.0 Hz, 1H),





0.21 (m, 1H)


DC68

412.03 ([M + H]+)
8.71 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s,





1H), 7.71 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 7.55 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





2H), 7.37 (s, 1H),





7.28 (m, 2H), 6.08 (d, J = 16.0 Hz,





1H), 4.26 (m,





1H), 2.05 (s, 3H)


DC69
162-168
414.03 ([M + H]+)
8.56 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s,





1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.5 Hz,





2H), 7.56 (d, J = 8.5 Hz,





2H), 7.54 (m, 2H),





7.40 (m, 1H), 6.91 (d, J = 16.5 Hz,





1H), 6.66 (d, J = 16.5 Hz,





1H)


DC70
 99-103
428.05 ([M + H]+)
8.58 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s,





1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.7 Hz,





2H), 7.60 (d, J = 8.7 Hz,





2H), 7.46 (m, 2H),





7.42 (m, 1H), 6.85 (d, J = 16.2 Hz,





1H), 6.40 (d, J = 16.2 Hz,





1H), 3.42 (s,





3H)






a
1H NMR spectral data were acquired using a 400 MHz instrument in CDCl3 except where noted. HRMS data are noted observed value (theoretical value).













TABLE 2A







Analytical Data for Compounds in Table 1A.











Com-






pound
mp (° C.);


IR (cm−1);


Number
[α]D25
ESIMS

1H NMR (δ)a

19F NMR (δ)





F1

606.91
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6)
3427, 1667,




([M + H]+)
δ 8.96 (bs, 1H), 8.14 (t,
1162,749





J = 6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.90






(s, 2H), 7.77 (s,1H),






7.68 (d, J = 8.1 Hz 1H),






7.59 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H),






7.02 (dd, J = 15.9, 9.3






Hz, 1H ), 6.78 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.84-






4.80 (m, 1H), 3.96-






3.87 (m, 2H), 1.40-






1.33 (m, 2H), 1.10-






1.04 (m, 2H)



F2

587.0 
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6)
3339, 1668,




([M + H]+)
δ 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.25 (t, J =
1162, 810





6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (s,






2H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.1






Hz, 1H), 7.45 (s, 1H ),






7.42 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,






1H), 6.89 (dd, J = 15.9,






8.7 Hz, 1H ), 6.75 (d, J =






15.5 Hz, 1H), 4.85-






4.77 (m, 1H), 3.94-3.82






(m, 2H ), 2.35 (s, 3H),






1.37 (d, J = 2.7 Hz,






2H), 1.05 (d, J = 2.7






Hz, 2H)



F3

650.87
(300 MHz, CDCl3) δ
3424, 1674,




([M + H]+)
7.61 (s, 1H), 7.51 (d, J =
1162, 807





8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.40-






7.39 (m, 2H), 7.14-7.09






(m, 1H), 6.56 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.43 (dd,






J = 15.9, 7.8 Hz, 1H),






4.13-4.08 (m, 1H),






3.99-3.91 (m, 2H),






1.25-1.20 (m, 4H)



F4

620.95
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3433, 1642,




([M + H]+)
9.01 (s, 1H), 7.99 (t, J =
1162, 750





6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (s,






2H), 7.78-7.75 (m, 1H),






7.61-7.54 (m, 2H), 7.01






(dd, J = 15.9, 9.3 Hz,






1H), 6.77 (d, J = 15.6






Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.79 (m,






1H), 3.92-3.83 (m, 2H),






2.48-2.41 (m, 2H),






2.23-2.17 (m, 2H),






1.93-1.80 (m, 2H)



F5

664.85
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6)
3292, 1681,




([M + H]+)
δ 9.03 (s,1H), 8.00 (t, J =
1163, 745,





6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.94-
 558





7.91 (m , 3H), 7.64-






7.56 (m, 2H), 7.02 (dd,






J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.78






(d, J = 15.3 Hz, 1H),






4.86-4.79 (m, 1H),






3.94-3.85 (m, 2H),






2.51-2.49 (m, 2H),






2.30-2.20 (m, 2H),






1.88-1.82 (m, 2H)



F6

656.98
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6)
3401, 1672,




([M + H]+)
δ 9.62 (t, J = 12.0 Hz,
1171, 806





1H), 9.09 (bs, 1H), 8.01






(s, 1H), 7.96-7.87 (m,






4H), 7.11 (dd, J = 15.9,






9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.89-






4.83 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.64






(m, 2H), 1.85-1.82 (m,






2H), 1.27-1.23 (m, 2H)



F7
158-160
553  
7.61 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,





([M + H]+)
1H), 7.60 (d, J = 1.6






Hz, 1H), 7.39 (m, 3H),






6.57 (s, 1H), 6.53 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.40






(dd, J = 15.9, 7.8 Hz,






1H), 4.10 (p, J = 9.1,






8.6 Hz, 1H), 1.68 (m,






2H), 1.42 (m, 2H)



F8

640.9 
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6)
3461, 1676,




([M + H]+)
δ 9.02 (s, 1H), 8.11 (t, J =
1165, 808





6.4 Hz, 1H), 8.0 (s,






1H), 7.94-7.88 (m, 4H),






7.10 (dd, J = 15.6, 9.2






Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J =






16.4 Hz, 1H), 4.89-4.84






(m, 1H), 3.98-3.89 (m,






2H), 1.39-1.36 (m, 2H),






1.26-1.24 (m, 2H)



F8A
[α]D25 =
641.1
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6)
3444, 1672,



−35.4
([M + H]+)
δ 9.02 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1165, 808



(c, 0.5%

6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (s,




in

1H), 7.94-7.87 (m,




CH2Cl2)

4H), 7.09 (dd, J = 15.6






Hz, 9.2 Hz, 1H, 6.88






(d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),






4.88-4.84 (m, 1H),






3.95-3.88 (m, 2H),






1.39-1.36 (m, 2H),






1.02-0.99 (m, 2H)



F8B
[α]D25 =
641.0
(400 MHz DMSO-d6)
3459, 1672



+36.4
([M + H]+)
δ 9.01 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1166, 807



(c, 0.5%

6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (s,




in

1H), 7.94-7.87 (m,




CH2Cl2)

4H), 7.09 (dd, J = 15.6






Hz, 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.88






(d, J = 15.6 Hz, 1H),






4.88-4.84 (m, 1H),






3.95-3.91 (m, 2H),






1.39-1.36 (m, 2H),






1.02-0.99 (m, 2H)






a1H NMR spectral data were acquired using a 400 MHz instrument in CDCl3 except where noted.


HRMS data are noted observed value (theoretical value).













TABLE 2B







Analytical Data for Compounds in Table 1B.











Compound
mp


IR (cm−1);


Number
(° C.)
ESIMS

1H NMR (δ)a

19F NMR (δ)





P31

561.9
7.61 (d, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H),

19F NMR




([M − H]−)
7.59 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),
(376 MHz,





7.40 (m, 3H), 6.53 (d, J =
CDCl3) δ





15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.39 (m,
−68.61,





2H), 4.10 (p, J = 8.6 Hz,
−131.43 (d, J =





1H), 3.55 (dddd, J =
163.1 Hz),





15.8, 8.3, 6.1, 3.1 Hz,
−143.05 (d, J =





1H), 1.93 (m, 1H), 1.50
162.9 Hz)





(m, 1H)



P65

593.1
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3379, 1678,




([M + H]+)
9.02 (bs, 1H), 8.13 (t, J =
1161





6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.96-






7.87 (m, 3H), 7.63 (d, J =






8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (dd,






J = 15.9, 8.7 Hz, 1H),






7.01-6.94 (m, 2H),






5.00-4.94 (m, 1H),






4.04-3.87 (m, 2H),






1.27-1.24 (m, 2H),






1.01-0.98 (m, 2H)



P108

651.0
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3421, 1671,




([M + H]+)
8.95 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1114, 664,





6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.96-7.93
 574





(m, 3H), 7.67-7.60 (m,






2H), 7.03 (dd, J = 15.6,






8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 5.09-






5.05 (m, 1H), 3.96-






3.89 (m, 2H), 1.39-






1.37 (m, 2H), 1.10-






1.07 (m, 2H)



F110

641.0
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3293, 1673,




([M + H]+)
9.02 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1115, 736





6.0 Hz, 1H), 8.00-7.88






(m, 5H), 7.09-7.01 (m,






2H), 5.12 (m, 1H), 3.95-






3.91 (m, 2H), 1.39-






1.37 (m, 2H), 1.01-






1.00 (m, 2H)



P153

632.79
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3413, 1668,




([M + H]+)
8.94 (bs, 1H), 8.12 (t, J =
1161, 564





6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (s,






1H), 7.67-7.57 (m,






5H), 7.41 (d, J = 7.5 Hz,






1H), 6.99 (dd, J = 15.9,






9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.82-






4.79 (m, 1H), 4.01-






3.83 (m, 2H), 1.40-






1.36 (m, 2H), 1.11-






1.07 (m, 2H)



P155

622.97
300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3413, 1668,




([M + H]+)
9.01 (bs, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1161, 564





6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (s,






1H), 7.92-7.87 (m,






2H), 7.61-7.56 (m,






3H), 7.42 (t, J = 8.1 Hz,






1H), 7.09 (dd, J = 15.6,






8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.89-






4.85 (m, 1H), 3.98-






3.90 (m, 2H), 1.39-






1.33 (m, 2H), 1.11-






1.01 (m, 2H)



P198

645.0
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3280, 1668,




([M + H]+)
8.95 (s, 1H), 8.12 (t, J =
1164, 523





6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.91 (d, J =






0.9 Hz, 1H), 7.67-7.60






(m, 4H), 7.54 (d, J = 9.9






Hz, 1H), 6.99 (dd, J =






15.6, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.77






(d, J = 15.3 Hz, 1H),






4.83-4.77 (m, 1H),






3.96-3.91 (m, 2H),






1.40-1.36 (m, 2H),






1.11-1.07 (m, 2H)



P200

635.0
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3297, 1675,




([M + H]+)
9.02 (s, 1H), 8.13 (d, J =
1166, 565





6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.99-7.87






(m, 3H), 7.69 (s, 1H),






7.63-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.55






(d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.09






(dd, J = 15.9, 9.3 Hz,






1H), 6.89 (d, J = 15.6






Hz, 1H), 4.86-4.80 (m,






1H), 3.96-3.87 (m,






2H), 1.41-1.36 (m,






2H), 1.03-0.99 (m, 2H)



P243

597.0
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3281, 2929,




([M + H]+)
8.94 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1679, 1161,





6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (s,
 739, 563





1H), 7.66-7.58 (m,






2H), 7.52-7.45 (m,






2H), 7.39-7.36 (m,






1H), 6.91 (dd, J = 15.6,






8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.75 (d, J =






8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.66-4.62






(m, 1H), 4.01-3.85 (m,






2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.37-






1.33 (m, 2H), 1.09-






1.02 (m, 2H)



P245

587.2
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3280, 2925,




([M + H]+)
9.01 (s, 1H), 8.12 (t, J =
1668, 1163,





6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.91-7.86
 750





(m, 3H), 7.53 (s, 1H),






7.49 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H),






7.40 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H),






7.01 (dd, J = 16.2, 8.4






Hz, 1H), 6.81-6.85 (d,






J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.72-






4.65 (m, 1H), 3.99-






3.90 (m, 2H), 2.36 (s,






3H), 1.41-1.35 (m,






2H), 1.12-1.11 (m, 2H)



P333

594.94
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3252, 1667,




([M + H]+)
8.94 (bs, 1H), 8.12 (t, J =
1163





6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.85 (s,






1H), 7.66-7.57 (m,






2H), 7.26 (d, J = 6.6 Hz,






2H), 6.89 (dd, J = 15.9,






8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.55-






4.52 (m, 1H), 3.96-






3.87 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s,






6H), 1.40-1.36 (m,






2H), 1.10-1.07 (m, 2H)



P335

585.4
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3252, 1667,




([M + H]+)
9.09 (bs, 1H), 8.12 (t, J =
1163





5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (s,






1H), 7.92-7.85 (m,






2H), 7.27 (d, J = 6.9 Hz,






2H), 6.98 (dd, J = 15.9,






8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.89-






4.85 (m, 1H), 3.98-






3.90 (m, 2H), 2.24 (s,






6H), 1.39-1.33 (m,






2H), 1.11-1.01 (m, 2H)



P336

571.01
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3283, 1667,




([M + H]+)
9.01 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1165





6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.93-7.86






(m, 3H), 7.47 (d, J = 7.6






Hz, 1H), 7.40-7.38 (m,






1H), 7.19 (t, J = 9.6 Hz,






1H), 7.00 (dd, J = 16.4,






8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (d, J =






16.0 Hz, 1H), 4.68-






4.64 (m, 1H), 3.97-






3.88 (m, 2H), 2.26 (s,






3H), 1.39-1.36 (m,






2H), 1.02 -0.99 (m, 2H)



P378

659.00
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3418, 2926,




([M − H]−)
8.94 (bs, 1H), 8.10 (bs,
1666, 1163,





1H), 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.80-
 749





7.78 (m, 2H), 7.71 (s,






1H), 7.64-7.61 (m,






2H), 7.00 (dd, J = 15.6,






9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.81-






4.80 (m, 1H), 3.96-






3.91 (m, 2H), 1.40-






1.37 (m, 2H) 1.10-1.07






(m, 2H)



P380

650.93
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3396, 1668,




([M + H]+)
9.01 (bs, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1164, 772,





8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (s,
 566





1H), 7.94-7.87 (m,






2H), 7.81-7.78 (m,






2H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.09






(dd, J = 15.6, 8.7 Hz,






1H), 6.88 (d, J = 15.6






Hz, 1H), 4.82-4.80 (m,






1H), 3.95-3.91 (m,






2H), 1.39-1.33 (m,






2H), 1.02-1.00 (m, 2H)



P423

704.84
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3418, 2925,




([M + H]+)
8.94 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1667, 1163





6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.98-7.97






(m, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H),






7.85 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H),






7.66-7.59 (m, 2H),






7.51-7.48 (m, 1H),






6.96 (dd, J = 15.9, 9.0






Hz, 1H), 6.75 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.81-






4.75 (m, 1H), 3.96-






3.91 (m, 2H), 1.40-






1.26 (m, 2H), 1.11-






1.07 (m, 2H)



P425

694.89
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3373, 2927,




([M + H]+)
9.03 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1675, 1165,





6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.99-7.97
 565





(m, 2H), 7.91-7.89 (m,






2H), 7.86 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,






1H), 7.53-7.50 (m,






1H), 7.07 (dd, J = 15.6,






8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.84-






4.78 (m, 1H), 3.99-






3.90 (m, 2H), 1.39-






1.35 (m, 2H), 1.03-






0.99 (m, 2H)



P468

628.40
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3417, 1670,




([M + H]+)
8.95 (s, 1H), 8.31 (s,
1163, 750,





1H), 8.11 (t, J = 6.4 Hz,
 558





1H), 7.92-7.87 (m,






3H), 7.67-7.60 (m, 2H),






6.98 (dd, J = 15.6, 8.7






Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.99-






4.94 (m, 1H), 3.98-






3.89 (m, 2H), 1.39-






1.33 (m, 2H), 1.09-






1.07 (m, 2H)



P470

616.40
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3372, 1669,




([M − H]−)
9.01 (bs, 1H), 8.32 (s,
1162, 750





1H), 8.10 (t, J = 8.4 Hz,






1H), 7.93-7.84 (m,






5H), 7.07 (dd, J = 16.4,






8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 5.02-






4.97 (m, 1H), 4.02-






3.39 (m, 2H), 1.39-






1.33 (m, 2H), 1.04-






0.92 (m, 2H)



P513

590.1
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3417, 2925,




([M − H]−)
8.95 (bs, 1H), 8.20-
2237, 1667,





8.18 (m, 1H), 8.10 (bs,
1162, 565





1H), 8.00-7.90 (m,






2H), 7.67-7.60 (m,






3H), 6.99 (dd, J = 15.6,






9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.89-






4.82 (m, 1H), 3.96-






3.91 (m, 2H), 1.40-






1.36 (m, 2H) 1.14-1.09






(m, 2H)



P515

582.31
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3392, 2928,




([M + H]+)
9.01 (bs, 1H), 8.21-
2239, 1671





8.19 (m, 1H), 8.10 (d, J =






7.2 Hz, 1H), 8.01-






7.94 (m, 2H), 7.89-






7.86 (m, 2H), 7.67-






7.61 (m, 1H), 7.09 (dd,






J = 15.9, 9.0 Hz, 1H),






6.89 (d, J = 15.9 Hz,






1H), 4.91-4.85(m,






1H), 3.95-3.87 (m,






2H), 1.39-1.35 (m, 2H)






1.19-1.08 (m, 2H)



P693

580.90
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3280, 2927,




([M + H]+)
8.94 (s, 1H), 8.12 (t, J =
1671, 1163,





6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (s,
 564





1H), 7.66-7.57 (m,






2H), 7.46-7.38 (m,






2H), 7.22-7.18 (m,






1H), 6.91 (dd, J = 15.6,






8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.66-4.60






(m, 1H), 3.99-3.87 (m,






2H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 1.40-






1.33 (m, 2H), 1.11-






1.07 (m, 2H)



P1003

701.0
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3422, 1666,




([M + H]+)
8.95 (s, 1H), 8.14 (t, J =
1162, 749,





6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.95-7.92
 519





(m, 3H), 7.67 (d, J = 7.8






Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 6.6






Hz, 1H), 7.04 (dd, J =






15.0 Hz, 9.0 Hz, 1H),






6.78 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,






1H), 4.87-4.80 (m,






1H), 3.96-3.91 (m,






2H), 1.39-1.33 (m,






2H), 1.09-1.07 (m, 2H)



P1005
151-
690.7
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ




155
([M + H]+)
9.0 (s, 1H), 8.11 (t, J =






6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.98 (d, J =






6.9 Hz, 2H), 7.92-7.89






(m, 2H), 7.76 (s, 1H),






7.13 (dd, J = 15.9 Hz,






10.5 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d,






J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.94-






4.91 (m, 1H), 3.95-






3.90 (m, 2H), 1.39-






1.37 (m, 2H), 1.01-






1.00 (m, 2H)



P1009

666.80
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3428, 2924,




([M + H]+)
9.63 (bs, 1H), 9.00 (s,
1113, 743





1H), 7.93 (s, 2H), 7.90






(s, 1H), 7.66-7.59 (m,






2H), 7.00 (dd, J = 16.0,






9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.86-






4.81 (m, 1H), 4.62-






4.58 (m, 2H), 1.35-






1.22 (m, 4H)



P1010

622.97
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3401, 1672,




([M + H]+)
9.66 (bs, 1H), 9.01 (s,
1171, 806





1H), 7.90 (s, 2H), 7.78






(s, 1H), 7.67-7.58 (m,






2H), 7.01 (dd, J = 16.0,






9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.84-






4.82 (m, 1H), 4.61-






4.57 (m, 2H), 1.35-1.29






(m, 4H)



P1011

602.94
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3401, 1672,




([M + H]+)
9.83 (bs, 1H), 8.76 (s,
1171, 806





1H), 7.90 (s, 2H), 7.72






(d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.54-






7.40 (m, 2H), 6.89 (dd,






J = 15.3, 8.7 Hz, 1H),






6.75 (d, J = 15.9 Hz,






1H), 4.86-4.80 (m,






1H), 4.54-4.52 (m,






2H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 1.35-






1.28 (m, 4H)



P1015
116-
623.0
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ




120
([M + H]+)
9.01 (bs, 1H), 7.99 (s,






1H), 7.99-7.86 (m,






5H), 7.10 (dd, J = 15.6,






8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.18-






5.81 (m, 1H), 4.89-






4.83 (m, 1H), 3.58-






3.31 (m, 2H), 1.38-






1.34 (m, 2H), 1.00-






0.96 (m, 2H)



P1020
108-
605.0
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ




112
([M + H]+)
8.96 (bs, 1H), 7.99 (s,






1H), 7.92-7.85 (m,






4H), 7.69 (bs, 1H), 7.10






(dd, J = 15.9, 8.7 Hz,






1H), 6.89 (d, J = 15.9






Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.83 (m,






1H), 4.51 (t, J = 5.7 Hz,






1H), 4.35 (t, J = 5.1 Hz,






1H), 3.50-3.31 (m,






2H), 1.36-1.23 (m,






2H), 0.98-0.85 (m, 2H)



P1023

596.83
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ





([M + H]+)
8.86 (bs, 1H), 7.95 (s,






1H), 7.91 (s, 2H), 7.65-






7.61 (m, 2H), 7.50 (d,






J = 5.7 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (dd,






J = 15.6, 6.6 Hz, 1H),






6.77 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,






1H), 4.83-4.81 (m,






1H), 3.17-3.10 (m,






2H), 1.33-1.30 (m,






2H), 1.05-1.00 (m, 5H)



P1025

586.90
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3448, 2926,




([M + H]+)
8.93 (s, 1H), 7.99 (s,
1663, 1114,





1H), 7.95-7.85 (m,
 700





4H), 7.47 (t, J = 5.7 Hz,






1H), 7.10 (dd, J = 15.6,






9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.89-






4.83 (m, 1H), 3.19-






3.10 (m, 2H), 1.33-






1.29 (m, 2H), 1.05-






1.00 (m, 3H), 0.95-






0.91 (m, 2H)



P1026

532.91
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3337, 1651.




([M + H]+)
8.68 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s,
1167, 808





1H), 7.63-7.59 (m,






1H), 7.53-7.38 (m,






4H), 6.88 (dd, J = 15.9,






9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.75 (d, J =






15.9 Hz, 1H), 4.85-






4.79 (m, 1H), 3.19-






3.07 (m, 2H), 2.34 (s,






3H), 1.33-1.28 (m,






2H), 1.02-0.90 (m, 5H)



P1033
 88-
662.8
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ




 91
([M + H]+)
8.90 (bs, 1H), 7.90-






7.88 (m, 3H), 7.75 (bs,






1H), 7.66-7.59 (m,






2H), 7.01 (dd, J = 15.3,






8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.86-






4.80 (m, 1H), 3.40-






3.33 (m, 2H), 2.43-






2.38 (m, 2H), 1.36-






1.32 (m, 2H), 1.04-






1.00 (m, 2H)



P1035
 89-
654.9
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ




 93
([M + H]+)
8.98 (bs, 1H), 7.99-






7.85 (m, 5H), 7.77 (bs,






1H), 7.10 (dd, J = 15.9,






8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J =






16.2 Hz, 1H), 4.89-






4.82 (m, 1H), 3.25-






3.18 (m, 2H), 2.44-






2.36 (m, 2H), 1.35-






1.31 (m, 2H), 0.95-






0.92 (m, 2H)



P1043

567.0
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3421, 1661,




([M + H]+)
8.94 (s, 1H), 8.09 (s,
1163, 802,





1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.71-
 516





7.57 (m, 5H), 6.94 (dd,






J = 15.6, 9.6 Hz, 1H),






6.78 (d, J = 15.3 Hz,






1H), 4.92-4.70 (m,






1H), 3.96-3.91 (m,






2H), 1.42-1.36 (m,






2H), 1.12-1.07 (m, 2H)



P1045

657.2
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3324, 1659,




([M + H]+)
9.02 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H),
1146, 679





8.09 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H),






8.10 (d, J = 11.6 Hz,






1H), 7.93-7.86 (m,






2H), 7.73 (d, J = 1.6 Hz,






1H), 7.67 (m, 2H), 7.13






(dd, J = 14.4, Hz, 1H),






6.92 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H)






5.01-4.95 (m, 1H),






3.95-3.88 (m, 2H), 1.38-






1.36 (m, 2H), 1.18-






1.00 (m, 2H)



P1048

617.0
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3421.677,




([M + H]+)
8.94 (s, 1H), 8.09 (t, J =
1661, 1163,





6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.67-7.56
 749, 509





(m, 5H), 7.00 (dd, J =






15.9, 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.77






(d, J = 15.3 Hz, 1H),






6.58 (s, 1H), 4.83-4.73






(m, 1H), 3.99-3.81 (m,






2H), 1.38-1.36 (m, 2H)






1.17-1.07 (m, 2H)



P1050

607.19
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3445, 1668,




([M + H]+)
9.01 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1166, 802





6.3 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (s,






1H), 7.93-7.86 (m,






2H), 7.69 (m, 3H), 7.10






(dd, J = 15.6, 9.0 Hz,






1H), 6.89 (d, J = 15.6






Hz, 1H), 4.86 (m, 1H),






3.96-3.90 (m, 2H),






1.39-1.33 (m, 2H),






1.03-1.00 (m, 2H)



P1093

618.0
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3275, 1668,




([M + H]+)
8.94 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1163, 749





6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.90-7.87






(m, 2H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.4






Hz, 1H), 7.66-7.60 (m,






2H), 7.56 (d, J = 6.8 Hz,






1H), 6.96 (dd, J = 15.6,






8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.75 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.82-






4.78 (m, 1H), 3.98-






3.89 (m, 2H), 1.39-






1.36 (m, 2H), 1.10-






1.07 (m, 2H)



P1095

607.0
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3459, 1673,




([M + H]+)
9.02 (s, 1H), 8.11 (t, J =
1164, 749





5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (s,






1H), 7.93-7.89 (m,






3H), 7.74 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,






1H), 7.58 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,






1H), 7.06 (dd, J = 15.6,






8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.85 (m,






1H), 3.95-3.90 (m,






2H), 1.37-1.37 (m,






2H), 1.01-1.0 (m, 2H)



P1183

706.55
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3289, 1665,




([M + H]+)
8.94 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1163, 532





6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (s,






1H), 7.89-7.88 (m,






1H), 7.84 (s, 2H), 7.67-






7.60 (m, 2H), 7.00 (dd,






J = 15.6, 9.0 Hz, 1H),






6.76 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,






1H), 4.82-4.76 (m,






1H), 3.99-3.88 (m,






2H), 1.40-1.36 (m,






2H), 1.13-1.07 (m, 2H)



P1198

694.99
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3289, 1672,




([M + H]+)
9.01 (s, 1H), 8.10 (t, J =
1164, 531





6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (s,






1H), 7.94-7.85 (m,






5H), 7.09 (dd, J = 15.6,






8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.85-






4.80 (m, 1H), 3.95-






3.88 (m, 2H), 1.39-






1.33 (m, 2H), 1.02-






0.99 (m, 2H)



P1193
 80-
687.00
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ




 83
([M + H]+)
8.94 (bs, 1H), 7.97-






7.84 (m, 5H), 7.66-






7.60 (m, 2H), 6.99 (dd,






J = 15.6, 9.2 Hz, 1H),






6.76 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,






1H), 6.14-5.86 (m,






1H), 4.81-4.76 (m,






1H), 3.59-3.49 (m,






2H), 1.38-1.35 (m,






2H), 1.08-1.06 (m, 2H)



P1195

676.65
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3414, 1664,




([M + H]+)
9.00 (bs, 1H), 7.99 (bs,
1114, 537





1H), 7.94-7.85 (m,






5H), 7.10 (dd, J = 15.6,






8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (d, J =






15.6 Hz, 1H), 6.18-






5.81 (m, 1H), 4.84-






4.74 (m, 1H), 3.58-






3.46 (m, 2H), 1.38-






1.35 (m, 2H), 0.99-






0.96 (m, 2H)



P1200

659.35
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3450, 1659,




([M + H]+)
8.98 (bs, 1H), 7.99
1115, 559





(s, 1H), 7.89-7.85 (m,






5H), 7.69 (bs, 1H), 7.05






(dd, J = 15.9, 9.2 Hz,






1H), 6.88 (d, J = 15.9






Hz, 1H), 4.84-4.76 (m,






1H), 4.51-4.49 (m,






1H), 4.37-4.35 (m,






1H), 3.48-3.35 (m,






2H), 1.33-1.32 (m,






2H), 0.96-0.95 (m, 2H)



P1213

716.70
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ
3241, 1659,




([M + H]+)
8.89 (bs, 1H), 7.92-
1159, 554





7.88 (m, 2H), 7.84 (s,






2H), 7.77 (bs, 1H), 7.63-






7.62 (m, 2H), 7.00 (dd,






J = 15.9, 9.2 Hz, 1H),






6.76 (d, J = 15.6 Hz,






1H), 4.84-4.75 (m,






1H), 3.40-3.36 (m,






2H), 2.42-2.38 (m,






2H), 1.36-1.32 (m,






2H), 1.04-1.00 (m, 2H)






a1H NMR spectral data were acquired using a 400 MHz instrument in CDCl3 except where noted.


HRMS data are noted observed value (theoretical value).













TABLE 3







Assay Results Part 1












Compound
BAW
CEW
GPA



Number
Rating
Rating
Rating







AC1
D
D
B



AC2
C
C
C



AC3
D
D
B



AC4
D
A
B



AC5
D
D
B



AC6
D
A
B



AC7
A
A
B



AC8
D
B
B



AC9
A
A
B



AC10
A
A
B



AC11
A
A
D



AC12
A
A
D



AC13
A
A
B



AC14
A
B
D



AC15
A
A
B



AC16
A
A
C



AC17
A
A
B



AC18
A
A
B



AC19
D
D
B



AC20
A
A
C



AC21
D
D
C



AC22
A
A
D



AC23
A
A
B



AC24
A
A
D



AC25
A
A
D



AC26
A
A
B



AC27
A
A
B



AC28
A
A
B



AC29
A
A
B



AC30
A
A
B



AC31
A
A
B



AC32
A
A
B



AC33
A
A
B



AC34
A
A
B



AC35
A
A
C



AC36
A
A
B



AC37
A
A
B



AC38
A
A
C



AC39
A
A
C



AC40
A
A
D



AC41
A
D
D



AC42
A
D
D



AC43
A
A
B



AC44
A
A
B



AC45
A
A
D



AC46
A
A
D



AC47
D
D
B



AC48
A
A
B



AC49
A
A
B



AC50
A
D
B



AC51
A
A
B



AC52
A
A
B



AC53
A
A
B



AC54
A
A
B



AC57
A
A
B



AC58
A
A
B



AC59
A
A
B



AC60
A
A
B



AC61
A
A
B



AC62
A
A
D



AC63
A
A
B



AC64
A
A
B



AC65
A
A
B



AC66
A
A
B



AC67
A
A
B



AC68
A
A
D



AC69
A
A
A



AC70
D
D
B



AC71
A
A
B



AC72
A
A
B



AC75
A
A
B



AC76
A
A
D



AC77
A
A
B



AC78
A
A
A



AC79
A
A
A



AC80
A
A
B



AC81
A
D
D



AC82
A
A
B



AC83
A
A
B



AC84
A
A
D



AC85
A
A
B



AC86
A
A
D



AC87
A
A
B



AC89
A
A
B



AC90
A
A
C



AC91
A
A
C



AC92
A
A
C



AC93
A
D
C



AC94
D
B
B



AC95
A
A
C



AC96
D
D
C



AC97
D
D
C



AC98
A
A
C



AC99
A
A
C



AC100
C
C
C



AC101
D
D
C



AC102
D
A
C



AC103
A
A
D



AC104
A
A
B



AC105
A
A
D



AC106
A
A
B



AC107
B
A
D



AC108
B
D
D



AC109
D
D
C



AC110
A
A
C



AC111
A
A
C



AC112
A
A
C



AC113
B
A
D



AC114
A
B
D



AC115
A
A
D



AC116
C
C
C



AC117
A
D
B



AC118
A
D
D



BC1
A
A
D



BC2
A
A
D



BC3
A
A
D



BC4
A
A
B



BC5
A
A
B



BC6
A
A
D



BC7
A
A
D



BC8
A
A
B



BC9
A
A
D



BC10
A
A
B



BC11
C
C
C



BC12
C
C
C



BC13
A
A
D



BC14
A
D
D



CC1
D
D
D



CC2
A
A
B



CC3
A
A
D



CC4
A
B
B



CC5
A
A
B



CC6
A
A
B



CC7
A
A
B



CC8
A
A
D



CC9
A
A
B



CC10
A
A
B



CC11
A
A
B



CC12
D
D
B



CC13
A
A
B



CC14
A
D
D



CC15
A
A
B



CC16
A
A
B



CC17
A
A
B



CC18
A
A
B



CC19
A
A
B



CC20
A
A
D



CC21
A
A
D



CC22
A
A
B



CC23
A
A
B



CC24
A
A
D



CC25
A
A
B



CC26
A
D
B



CC27
A
A
D



CC28
A
A
D



CC29
A
A
B



CC30
A
A
D



CC31
B
D
C



CC32
A
A
B



CC33
A
A
B



CC34
A
A
B



CC35
D
D
D



CC36
A
A
D



CC37
A
A
D



CC38
A
A
D



CC39
D
D
B



CC40
D
A
D



CC41
D
D
B



CC42
D
D
D



CC43
A
B
B



CC44
A
A
B



CC45
A
A
D



CC46
D
A
C



CC47
D
D
C



CC48
D
D
C



CC49
D
D
D



CC50
A
A
D



CC51
A
A
D



CC52
A
D
D



CC53
D
D
B



CC54
A
A
C



DC1
A
A
D



DC2
D
D
C



DC3
B
D
C



DC4
A
D
C



DC5
D
D
C



DC6
D
D
C



DC7
A
D
C



DC8
A
D
C



DC9
D
D
C



DC10
D
D
C



DC11
A
D
C



DC12
A
A
B



DC13
A
A
C



DC14
D
D
C



DC15
D
D
C



DC16
A
A
C



DC17
A
A
C



DC18
A
A
C



DC19
A
A
C



DC20
A
D
C



DC21
D
D
C



DC22
D
D
C



DC23
D
A
C



DC24
D
D
C



DC25
D
D
C



DC26
D
D
C



DC27
D
D
C



DC28
A
A
B



DC29
A
A
C



DC30
A
A
C



DC31
A
A
B



DC32
D
D
C



DC33
A
A
C



DC34
A
A
B



DC35
A
A
B



DC36
D
D
C



DC37
A
A
C



DC38
A
A
C



DC39
A
A
C



DC40
A
A
C



DC41
A
A
C



DC42
A
A
C



DC43
A
A
C



DC44
A
A
C



DC45
A
A
C



DC46
A
A
C



DC47
A
A
C



DC48
A
A
C



DC49
A
A
C



DC50
A
A
C



DC51
A
A
C



DC52
D
D
C



DC53
D
A
C



DC54
D
D
C



DC55
D
D
C



DC56
D
D
C



DC57
A
A
C



DC58
D
D
C



DC59
D
D
C



DC60
A
A
C



DC61
D
D
C



DC62
A
A
C



DC63
A
A
C



DC64
D
D
C



DC65
D
A
C



DC66
A
A
C



DC67
A
A
C



DC68
A
A
C



DC69
D
D
C



DC70
A
A
C

















TABLE 4







Assay Results F Compounds












Compound
BAW
CL
GPA



Number
Rating
Rating
Rating







Fl
A
A
C



F2
A
A
C



F3
A
A
C



F4
A
A
C



F5
A
A
C



F6
A
A
C



F7
A
A
C



F8
A
A
C



F8A
A
A
C



F8B
A
A
C

















TABLE 5







Assay Results Prophetic Compounds Subsequently Exemplified










Compound
BAW
CL
GPA


Number
Rating
Rating
Rating





P31
A
A
C


P65
A
A
C


P108
A
A
C


P110
A
A
C


P153
A
A
C


P155
A
A
C


P198
A
A
C


P200
A
A
C


P243
A
A
C


P245
A
A
C


P333
A
A
C


P335
A
A
C


P336
A
A
C


P378
A
A
C


P380
A
A
C


P423
A
A
C


P425
A
A
C


P468
A
A
C


P470
A
A
B


P513
A
A
C


P515
A
A
C


P693
A
A
C


P1003
A
A
D


P1005
A
A
C


P1009
A
A
C


P1010
A
A
C


P1011
A
A
C


P1015
A
A
C


P1020
A
A
C


P1023
A
A
C


P1025
A
A
B


P1026
A
A
B


P1033
A
A
C


P1035
A
A
C


P1043
A
A
C


P1045
A
A
C


P1048
A
A
C


P1050
A
A
C


P1093
A
A
C


P1095
A
A
C


P1183
A
A
C


P1198
A
A
C


P1193
A
A
C


P1195
A
A
C


P1200
A
A
C


P1213
A
A
C








Claims
  • 1. A composition comprising a molecule according to Formula One:
  • 2. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R1 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy.
  • 3. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R2 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy.
  • 4. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R3 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy.
  • 5. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R4 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy.
  • 6. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R5 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy.
  • 7. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R2 and R4 are selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, and NO2 and R1, R3, and R5 are H.
  • 8. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R2, R3, and R4 are selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, and NO2 and R1, and R5 are H.
  • 9. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from F and Cl and R1 and R5 are H.
  • 10. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R1 is selected from Cl and H.
  • 11. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R2 is selected from CF3, CH3, Cl, F, and H.
  • 12. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R3 is selected from OCH3, CH3, F, Cl, or H.
  • 13. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R4 is selected from CF3, CH3, Cl, F, and H.
  • 14. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R5 is selected from F, Cl, and H.
  • 15. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R6 is selected from halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, and halo(C8)alkyl.
  • 16. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R6 is trifluoromethyl.
  • 17. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R7 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, and I.
  • 18. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R7 is selected from H, OCH3, and OH.
  • 19. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R8 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, and halo(C8)alkyl.
  • 20. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R8 is selected from CH3 and H.
  • 21. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R9 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy.
  • 22. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R10 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C3)alkoxy, (C4)alkoxy, (C5)alkoxy, (C6)alkoxy, (C7)alkoxy, (C8)alkoxy, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, halo(C8)alkoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
  • 23. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R10 is selected from H, Cl, Br, CH3, and CF3.
  • 24. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R10 is selected from Br, C(═NOH)NH2, C(═O)H, C(═O)NH2, C(═O)OCH2CH3, C(═O)OH, CF3, CH2CH3, CH2OH, CH3, Cl, CN, F, H, NH2, NHC(═O)H, NHCH3, NO2, OCH3, OCHF2, and pyridyl.
  • 25. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R11 is selected from —(C═O)N(H)(cyclopropyl-(C═O)N(H)(CH2CF3)), (C═O)N(H)(cyclopropyl-(C═S)N(H)(CH2CF3)), (C═O)N(H)(cyclobutyl-(C═O)N(H)(CH2CF3)), and (C═O)N(H)(cyclopropyl-CN).
  • 26. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R11 is selected from (C═O)N(H)(cyclopropyl-(C═O)N(H)(CH2CF3)), (C═O)N(H)(cyclopropyl-(C═S)N(H)(CH2CF3)), (C═O)N(H)(cyclobutyl-(C═O)N(H)(CH2CF3)), (C═O)N(H)(cyclopropyl-CN), and (C═O)N(H)(difluorocyclopropyl).
  • 27. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R11 is selected from (C═(O or S)N(H)(cyclopropyl-(C═(O or S))N(H)(halo(C1-C6)alkyl)), (C═(O or S)N(H)(cyclobutyl-(C═(O or S))N(H)(halo(C1-C6)alkyl)), and (C═(O or S)N(H)(cyclopropyl-(C═(O or S))N(H)(C1-C6)alkyl).
  • 28. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R11 is (C═(O or S)N(H)(cyclobutyl-(C═(O or S))N(H)(halo(C1-C6)alkyl)).
  • 29. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R12 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy.
  • 30. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R12 is selected from CH3 and H.
  • 31. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R13 is selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, halomethoxy, haloethoxy, halo(C3)alkoxy, halo(C4)alkoxy, halo(C5)alkoxy, halo(C6)alkoxy, halo(C7)alkoxy, and halo(C8)alkoxy.
  • 32. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R13 is selected from CH3, Cl, and H.
  • 33. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R12-R13 is the hydrocarbyl linkage CH═CHCH═CH.
  • 34. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R14 and R15 are independently selected from H, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methyl-aryl, ethyl-aryl, (C3)alkyl-aryl, (C4)alkyl-aryl, (C5)alkyl-aryl, (C6)alkyl-aryl, (C7)alkyl-aryl, (C8)alkyl-aryl, methyl-(substituted-aryl), ethyl-(substituted-aryl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O-methyl-aryl, O-ethyl-aryl, O—(C3)alkyl-aryl, O—(C4)alkyl-aryl, O—(C5)alkyl-aryl, O—(C6)alkyl-aryl, O—(C7)alkyl-aryl, O—(C8)alkyl-aryl, O-methyl-(substituted-aryl), O-ethyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), methyl-heterocyclyl, ethyl-heterocyclyl, (C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-methyl-heterocyclyl, O-ethyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O-methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), methyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), ethyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), (C3)alkyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), (C4)alkyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), (C5)alkyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17), (C6)alkyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), (C7)alkyl-C(C═O)N(R16)(R17), and (C8)alkyl-C(═O)N(R16)(R17).
  • 35. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R14 and R15 are independently selected from H, CH3, CH2CF3, CH2-halopyridyl, oxo-pyrrolidinyl, halophenyl, thietanyl, CH2-phenyl, CH2-pyridyl, thietanyl-dioxide, CH2-halothiazolyl, C((CH3)2)-pyridyl, N(H)(halophenyl), CH2-pyrimidinyl, CH2-tetrahydrofuranyl, CH2-furanyl, O—CH2-halopyridyl, and CH2C(═O)N(H)(CH2CF3).
  • 36. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R16 and R17 are independently selected from H, methyl, ethyl, (C3)alkyl, (C4)alkyl, (C5)alkyl, (C6)alkyl, (C7)alkyl, (C8)alkyl, halomethyl, haloethyl, halo(C3)alkyl, halo(C4)alkyl, halo(C5)alkyl, halo(C6)alkyl, halo(C7)alkyl, halo(C8)alkyl, methyl-aryl, ethyl-aryl, (C3)alkyl-aryl, (C4)alkyl-aryl, (C5)alkyl-aryl, (C6)alkyl-aryl, (C7)alkyl-aryl, (C8)alkyl-aryl, methyl-(substituted-aryl), ethyl-(substituted-aryl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O-methyl-aryl, O-ethyl-aryl, O—(C3)alkyl-aryl, O—(C4)alkyl-aryl, O—(C5)alkyl-aryl, O—(C6)alkyl-aryl, O—(C7)alkyl-aryl, O—(C8)alkyl-aryl, O-methyl-(substituted-aryl), O-ethyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-aryl), methyl-heterocyclyl, ethyl-heterocyclyl, (C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, (C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), (C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-methyl-heterocyclyl, O-ethyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C3)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C4)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C5)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C6)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C7)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O—(C8)alkyl-heterocyclyl, O-methyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O-ethyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C3)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C4)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C5)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C6)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), O—(C7)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl), and O—(C8)alkyl-(substituted-heterocyclyl).
  • 37. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein R16 and R17 are independently selected from H, CH2CF3, cyclopropyl, thietanyl, thietanyl dioxide, and halophenyl.
  • 38. A molecule according to claim 1 wherein X1 is CR12, X2 is CR13, and X3 is CR9.
  • 39. A molecule according to claim 1 having one of the following structures
  • 40. A molecule according to claim 1 having one of the following structures
  • 41. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising: (a) one or more compounds having acaricidal, algicidal, avicidal, bactericidal, fungicidal, herbicidal, insecticidal, molluscicidal, nematicidal, rodenticidal, or virucidal properties; or(b) one or more compounds that are antifeedants, bird repellents, chemosterilants, herbicide safeners, insect attractants, insect repellents, mammal repellents, mating disrupters, plant activators, plant growth regulators, or synergists; or(c) both (a) and (b).
  • 42. A composition according to claim 1 wherein further comprising one or more compounds selected from: (3-ethoxypropyl)mercury bromide, 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,3-dichloropropene, 1-methylcyclopropene, 1-naphthol, 2-(octylthio)ethanol, 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid, 2,3,6-TBA, 2,3,6-TBA-dimethylammonium, 2,3,6-TBA-lithium, 2,3,6-TBA-potassium, 2,3,6-TBA-sodium, 2,4,5-T, 2,4,5-T-2-butoxypropyl, 2,4,5-T-2-ethylhexyl, 2,4,5-T-3-butoxypropyl, 2,4,5-TB, 2,4,5-T-butometyl, 2,4,5-T-butotyl, 2,4,5-T-butyl, 2,4,5-T-isobutyl, 2,4,5-T-isoctyl, 2,4,5-T-isopropyl, 2,4,5-T-methyl, 2,4,5-T-pentyl, 2,4,5-T-sodium, 2,4,5-T-triethylammonium, 2,4,5-T-trolamine, 2,4-D, 2,4-D-2-butoxypropyl, 2,4-D-2-ethylhexyl, 2,4-D-3-butoxypropyl, 2,4-D-ammonium, 2,4-DB, 2,4-DB-butyl, 2,4-DB-dimethylammonium, 2,4-DB-isoctyl, 2,4-DB-potassium, 2,4-DB-sodium, 2,4-D-butotyl, 2,4-D-butyl, 2,4-D-diethylammonium, 2,4-D-dimethylammonium, 2,4-D-diolamine, 2,4-D-dodecylammonium, 2,4-DEB, 2,4-DEP, 2,4-D-ethyl, 2,4-D-heptylammonium, 2,4-D-isobutyl, 2,4-D-isoctyl, 2,4-D-isopropyl, 2,4-D-isopropylammonium, 2,4-D-lithium, 2,4-D-meptyl, 2,4-D-methyl, 2,4-D-octyl, 2,4-D-pentyl, 2,4-D-potassium, 2,4-D-propyl, 2,4-D-sodium, 2,4-D-tefuryl, 2,4-D-tetradecylammonium, 2,4-D-triethylammonium, 2,4-D-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, 2,4-D-trolamine, 2iP, 2-methoxyethylmercury chloride, 2-phenylphenol, 3,4-DA, 3,4-DB, 3,4-DP, 4-aminopyridine, 4-CPA, 4-CPA-potassium, 4-CPA-sodium, 4-CPB, 4-CPP, 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, 8-phenylmercurioxyquinoline, abamectin, abscisic acid, ACC, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acethion, acetochlor, acetophos, acetoprole, acibenzolar, acibenzolar-S-methyl, acifluorfen, acifluorfen-methyl, acifluorfen-sodium, aclonifen, acrep, acrinathrin, acrolein, acrylonitrile, acypetacs, acypetacs-copper, acypetacs-zinc, alachlor, alanycarb, albendazole, aldicarb, aldimorph, aldoxycarb, aldrin, allethrin, allicin, allidochlor, allosamidin, alloxydim, alloxydim-sodium, allyl alcohol, allyxycarb, alorac, alpha-cypermethrin, alpha-endosulfan, ametoctradin, ametridione, ametryn, amibuzin, amicarbazone, amicarthiazol, amidithion, amidoflumet, amidosulfuron, aminocarb, aminocyclopyrachlor, aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl, aminocyclopyrachlor-potassium, aminopyralid, aminopyralid-potassium, aminopyralid-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, amiprofos-methyl, amiprophos, amisulbrom, amiton, amiton oxalate, amitraz, amitrole, ammonium sulfamate, ammonium α-naphthaleneacetate, amobam, ampropylfos, anabasine, ancymidol, anilazine, anilofos, anisuron, anthraquinone, antu, apholate, aramite, arsenous oxide, asomate, aspirin, asulam, asulam-potassium, asulam-sodium, athidathion, atraton, atrazine, aureofungin, aviglycine, aviglycine hydrochloride, azaconazole, azadirachtin, azafenidin, azamethiphos, azimsulfuron, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, aziprotryne, azithiram, azobenzene, azocyclotin, azothoate, azoxystrobin, bachmedesh, barban, barium hexafluorosilicate, barium polysulfide, barthrin, BCPC, beflubutamid, benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, benazolin, benazolin-dimethylammonium, benazolin-ethyl, benazolin-potassium, bencarbazone, benclothiaz, bendiocarb, benfluralin, benfuracarb, benfuresate, benodanil, benomyl, benoxacor, benoxafos, benquinox, bensulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, bensulide, bensultap, bentaluron, bentazone, bentazone-sodium, benthiavalicarb, benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, benthiazole, bentranil, benzadox, benzadox-ammonium, benzalkonium chloride, benzamacril, benzamacril-isobutyl, benzamorf, benzfendizone, benzipram, benzobicyclon, benzofenap, benzofluor, benzohydroxamic acid, benzoximate, benzoylprop, benzoylprop-ethyl, benzthiazuron, benzyl benzoate, benzyladenine, berberine, berberine chloride, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin, bethoxazin, bicyclopyrone, bifenazate, bifenox, bifenthrin, bifujunzhi, bilanafos, bilanafos-sodium, binapacryl, bingqingxiao, bioallethrin, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, bioresmethrin, biphenyl, bisazir, bismerthiazol, bispyribac, bispyribac-sodium, bistrifluron, bitertanol, bithionol, bixafen, blasticidin-S, borax, Bordeaux mixture, boric acid, boscalid, brassinolide, brassinolide-ethyl, brevicomin, brodifacoum, brofenvalerate, brofluthrinate, bromacil, bromacil-lithium, bromacil-sodium, bromadiolone, bromethalin, bromethrin, bromfenvinfos, bromoacetamide, bromobonil, bromobutide, bromocyclen, bromo-DDT, bromofenoxim, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, bromopropylate, bromothalonil, bromoxynil, bromoxynil butyrate, bromoxynil heptanoate, bromoxynil octanoate, bromoxynil-potassium, brompyrazon, bromuconazole, bronopol, bucarpolate, bufencarb, buminafos, bupirimate, buprofezin, Burgundy mixture, busulfan, butacarb, butachlor, butafenacil, butamifos, butathiofos, butenachlor, butethrin, buthidazole, buthiobate, buthiuron, butocarboxim, butonate, butopyronoxyl, butoxycarboxim, butralin, butroxydim, buturon, butylamine, butylate, cacodylic acid, cadusafos, cafenstrole, calcium arsenate, calcium chlorate, calcium cyanamide, calcium polysulfide, calvinphos, cambendichlor, camphechlor, camphor, captafol, captan, carbamorph, carbanolate, carbaryl, carbasulam, carbendazim, carbendazim benzenesulfonate, carbendazim sulfite, carbetamide, carbofuran, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, carbophenothion, carbosulfan, carboxazole, carboxide, carboxin, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, carpropamid, cartap, cartap hydrochloride, carvacrol, carvone, CDEA, cellocidin, CEPC, ceralure, Cheshunt mixture, chinomethionat, chitosan, chlobenthiazone, chlomethoxyfen, chloralose, chloramben, chloramben-ammonium, chloramben-diolamine, chloramben-methyl, chloramben-methylammonium, chloramben-sodium, chloramine phosphorus, chloramphenicol, chloraniformethan, chloranil, chloranocryl, chlorantraniliprole, chlorazifop, chlorazifop-propargyl, chlorazine, chlorbenside, chlorbenzuron, chlorbicyclen, chlorbromuron, chlorbufam, chlordane, chlordecone, chlordimeform, chlordimeform hydrochloride, chlorempenthrin, chlorethoxyfos, chloreturon, chlorfenac, chlorfenac-ammonium, chlorfenac-sodium, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenazole, chlorfenethol, chlorfenprop, chlorfenson, chlorfensulphide, chlorfenvinphos, chlorfluazuron, chlorflurazole, chlorfluren, chlorfluren-methyl, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, chloridazon, chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlormephos, chlormequat, chlormequat chloride, chlomidine, chlornitrofen, chlorobenzilate, chlorodinitronaphthalenes, chloroform, chloromebuform, chloromethiuron, chloroneb, chlorophacinone, chlorophacinone-sodium, chloropicrin, chloropon, chloropropylate, chlorothalonil, chlorotoluron, chloroxuron, chloroxynil, chlorphonium, chlorphonium chloride, chlorphoxim, chlorprazophos, chlorprocarb, chlorpropham, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorquinox, chlorsulfuron, chlorthal, chlorthal-dimethyl, chlorthal-monomethyl, chlorthiamid, chlorthiophos, chlozolinate, choline chloride, chromafenozide, cinerin I, cinerin II, cinerins, cinidon-ethyl, cinmethylin, cinosulfuron, ciobutide, cisanilide, cismethrin, clethodim, climbazole, cliodinate, clodinafop, clodinafop-propargyl, cloethocarb, clofencet, clofencet-potassium, clofentezine, clofibric acid, clofop, clofop-isobutyl, clomazone, clomeprop, cloprop, cloproxydim, clopyralid, clopyralid-methyl, clopyralid-olamine, clopyralid-potassium, clopyralid-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, cloquintocet, cloquintocet-mexyl, cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, closantel, clothianidin, clotrimazole, cloxyfonac, cloxyfonac-sodium, CMA, codlelure, colophonate, copper acetate, copper acetoarsenite, copper arsenate, copper carbonate, basic, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oleate, copper oxychloride, copper silicate, copper sulfate, copper zinc chromate, coumachlor, coumafuryl, coumaphos, coumatetralyl, coumithoate, coumoxystrobin, CPMC, CPMF, CPPC, credazine, cresol, crimidine, crotamiton, crotoxyphos, crufomate, cryolite, cue-lure, cufraneb, cumyluron, cuprobam, cuprous oxide, curcumenol, cyanamide, cyanatryn, cyanazine, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, cyanthoate, cyantraniliprole, cyazofamid, cybutryne, cyclafuramid, cyclanilide, cyclethrin, cycloate, cycloheximide, cycloprate, cycloprothrin, cyclosulfamuron, cycloxaprid, cycloxydim, cycluron, cyenopyrafen, cyflufenamid, cyflumetofen, cyfluthrin, cyhalofop, cyhalofop-butyl, cyhalothrin, cyhexatin, cymiazole, cymiazole hydrochloride, cymoxanil, cyometrinil, cypendazole, cypermethrin, cyperquat, cyperquat chloride, cyphenothrin, cyprazine, cyprazole, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, cyprofuram, cypromid, cyprosulfamide, cyromazine, cythioate, daimuron, dalapon, dalapon-calcium, dalapon-magnesium, dalapon-sodium, daminozide, dayoutong, dazomet, dazomet-sodium, DB CP, d-camphor, DCIP, DCPTA, DDT, debacarb, decafentin, decarbofuran, dehydroacetic acid, delachlor, deltamethrin, demephion, demephion-O, demephion-S, demeton, demeton-methyl, demeton-O, demeton-O-methyl, demeton-S, demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methylsulphon, desmedipham, desmetryn, d-fanshiluquebingjuzhi, diafenthiuron, dialifos, di-allate, diamidafos, diatomaceous earth, diazinon, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl succinate, dicamba, dicamba-diglycolamine, dicamba-dimethylammonium, dicamba-diolamine, dicamba-isopropylammonium, dicamba-methyl, dicamba-olamine, dicamba-potassium, dicamba-sodium, dicamba-trolamine, dicapthon, dichlobenil, dichlofenthion, dichlofluanid, dichlone, dichloralurea, dichlorbenzuron, dichlorflurenol, dichlorflurenol-methyl, dichlormate, dichlormid, dichlorophen, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-2-ethylhexyl, dichlorprop-butotyl, dichlorprop-dimethylammonium, dichlorprop-ethylammonium, dichlorprop-isoctyl, dichlorprop-methyl, dichlorprop-P, dichlorprop-P-2-ethylhexyl, dichlorprop-P-dimethylammonium, dichlorprop-potassium, dichlorprop-sodium, dichlorvos, dichlozoline, diclobutrazol, diclocymet, diclofop, diclofop-methyl, diclomezine, diclomezine-sodium, dicloran, diclosulam, dicofol, dicoumarol, dicresyl, dicrotophos, dicyclanil, dicyclonon, dieldrin, dienochlor, diethamquat, diethamquat dichloride, diethatyl, diethatyl-ethyl, diethofencarb, dietholate, diethyl pyrocarbonate, diethyltoluamide, difenacoum, difenoconazole, difenopenten, difenopenten-ethyl, difenoxuron, difenzoquat, difenzoquat metilsulfate, difethialone, diflovidazin, diflubenzuron, diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, diflumetorim, dikegulac, dikegulac-sodium, dilor, dimatif, dimefluthrin, dimefox, dimefuron, dimepiperate, dimetachlone, dimetan, dimethacarb, dimethachlor, dimethametryn, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, dimethipin, dimethirimol, dimethoate, dimethomorph, dimethrin, dimethyl carbate, dimethyl phthalate, dimethylvinphos, dimetilan, dimexano, dimidazon, dimoxystrobin, dinex, dinex-diclexine, dingjunezuo, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, dinitramine, dinobuton, dinocap, dinocap-4, dinocap-6, dinocton, dinofenate, dinopenton, dinoprop, dinosam, dinoseb, dinoseb acetate, dinoseb-ammonium, dinoseb-diolamine, dinoseb-sodium, dinoseb-trolamine, dinosulfon, dinotefuran, dinoterb, dinoterb acetate, dinoterbon, diofenolan, dioxabenzofos, dioxacarb, dioxathion, diphacinone, diphacinone-sodium, diphenamid, diphenyl sulfone, diphenylamine, dipropalin, dipropetryn, dipyrithione, diquat, diquat dibromide, disparlure, disul, disulfiram, disulfoton, disul-sodium, ditalimfos, dithianon, dithicrofos, dithioether, dithiopyr, diuron, d-limonene, DMPA, DNOC, DNOC-ammonium, DNOC-potassium, DNOC-sodium, dodemorph, dodemorph acetate, dodemorph benzoate, dodicin, dodicin hydrochloride, dodicin-sodium, dodine, dofenapyn, dominicalure, doramectin, drazoxolon, DSMA, dufulin, EBEP, EBP, ecdysterone, edifenphos, eglinazine, eglinazine-ethyl, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, EMPC, empenthrin, endosulfan, endothal, endothal-diammonium, endothal-dipotassium, endothal-disodium, endothion, endrin, enestroburin, EPN, epocholeone, epofenonane, epoxiconazole, eprinomectin, epronaz, EPTC, erbon, ergocalciferol, erlujixiancaoan, esdépalléthrine, esfenvalerate, esprocarb, etacelasil, etaconazole, etaphos, etem, ethaboxam, ethachlor, ethalfluralin, ethametsulfuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethaprochlor, ethephon, ethidimuron, ethiofencarb, ethiolate, ethion, ethiozin, ethiprole, ethirimol, ethoate-methyl, ethofumesate, ethohexadiol, ethoprophos, ethoxyfen, ethoxyfen-ethyl, ethoxyquin, ethoxysulfuron, ethychlozate, ethyl formate, ethyl α-naphthaleneacetate, ethyl-DDD, ethylene, ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, ethylene oxide, ethylicin, ethylmercury 2,3-dihydroxypropyl mercaptide, ethylmercury acetate, ethylmercury bromide, ethylmercury chloride, ethylmercury phosphate, etinofen, etnipromid, etobenzanid, etofenprox, etoxazole, etridiazole, etrimfos, eugenol, EXD, famoxadone, famphur, fenamidone, fenaminosulf, fenamiphos, fenapanil, fenarimol, fenasulam, fenazaflor, fenazaquin, fenbuconazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenchlorazole, fenchlorazole-ethyl, fenchlorphos, fenclorim, fenethacarb, fenfluthrin, fenfuram, fenhexamid, fenitropan, fenitrothion, fenjuntong, fenobucarb, fenoprop, fenoprop-3-butoxypropyl, fenoprop-butometyl, fenoprop-butotyl, fenoprop-butyl, fenoprop-isoctyl, fenoprop-methyl, fenoprop-potassium, fenothiocarb, fenoxacrim, fenoxanil, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fenoxasulfone, fenoxycarb, fenpiclonil, fenpirithrin, fenpropathrin, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fenpyrazamine, fenpyroximate, fenridazon, fenridazon-potassium, fenridazon-propyl, fenson, fensulfothion, fenteracol, fenthiaprop, fenthiaprop-ethyl, fenthion, fenthion-ethyl, fentin, fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide, fentrazamide, fentrifanil, fenuron, fenuron TCA, fenvalerate, ferbam, ferimzone, ferrous sulfate, fipronil, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-M, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl, flazasulfuron, flocoumafen, flometoquin, flonicamid, florasulam, fluacrypyrim, fluazifop, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-methyl, fluazifop-P, fluazifop-P-butyl, fluazinam, fluazolate, fluazuron, flubendiamide, flubenzimine, flucarbazone, flucarbazone-sodium, flucetosulfuron, fluchloralin, flucofuron, flucycloxuron, flucythrinate, fludioxonil, fluenetil, fluensulfone, flufenacet, flufenerim, flufenican, flufenoxuron, flufenprox, flufenpyr, flufenpyr-ethyl, flufiprole, flumethrin, flumetover, flumetralin, flumetsulam, flumezin, flumiclorac, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, flumipropyn, flumorph, fluometuron, fluopicolide, fluopyram, fluorbenside, fluoridamid, fluoroacetamide, fluorodifen, fluoroglycofen, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, fluoroimide, fluoromidine, fluoronitrofen, fluothiuron, fluotrimazole, fluoxastrobin, flupoxam, flupropacil, flupropadine, flupropanate, flupropanate-sodium, flupyradifurone, flupyrsulfuron, flupyrsulfuron-methyl, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium, fluquinconazole, flurazole, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, flurenol-methyl, fluridone, flurochloridone, fluroxypyr, fluroxypyr-butometyl, fluroxypyr-meptyl, flurprimidol, flursulamid, flurtamone, flusilazole, flusulfamide, fluthiacet, fluthiacet-methyl, flutianil, flutolanil, flutriafol, fluvalinate, fluxapyroxad, fluxofenim, folpet, fomesafen, fomesafen-sodium, fonofos, foramsulfuron, forchlorfenuron, formaldehyde, formetanate, formetanate hydrochloride, formothion, formparanate, formparanate hydrochloride, fosamine, fosamine-ammonium, fosetyl, fosetyl-aluminium, fosmethilan, fospirate, fosthiazate, fosthietan, frontalin, fuberidazole, fucaojing, fucaomi, funaihecaoling, fuphenthiourea, furalane, furalaxyl, furamethrin, furametpyr, furathiocarb, furcarbanil, furconazole, furconazole-cis, furethrin, furfural, furilazole, furmecyclox, furophanate, furyloxyfen, gamma-cyhalothrin, gamma-HCH, genit, gibberellic acid, gibberellins, gliftor, glufosinate, glufosinate-ammonium, glufosinate-P, glufosinate-P-ammonium, glufosinate-P-sodium, glyodin, glyoxime, glyphosate, glyphosate-diammonium, glyphosate-dimethylammonium, glyphosate-isopropylammonium, glyphosate-monoammonium, glyphosate-potassium, glyphosate-sesquisodium, glyphosate-trimesium, glyphosine, gossyplure, grandlure, griseofulvin, guazatine, guazatine acetates, halacrinate, halfenprox, halofenozide, halosafen, halosulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, haloxydine, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-etotyl, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-P-etotyl, haloxyfop-P-methyl, haloxyfop-sodium, HCH, hemel, hempa, HEOD, heptachlor, heptenophos, heptopargil, heterophos, hexachloroacetone, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, hexachlorophene, hexaconazole, hexaflumuron, hexaflurate, hexalure, hexamide, hexazinone, hexylthiofos, hexythiazox, HHDN, holosulf, huancaiwo, huangcaoling, huanjunzuo, hydramethylnon, hydrargaphen, hydrated lime, hydrogen cyanide, hydroprene, hymexazol, hyquincarb, IAA, IBA, icaridin, imazalil, imazalil nitrate, imazalil sulfate, imazamethabenz, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazamox-ammonium, imazapic, imazapic-ammonium, imazapyr, imazapyr-isopropylammonium, imazaquin, imazaquin-ammonium, imazaquin-methyl, imazaquin-sodium, imazethapyr, imazethapyr-ammonium, imazosulfuron, imibenconazole, imicyafos, imidacloprid, imidaclothiz, iminoctadine, iminoctadine triacetate, iminoctadine trialbesilate, imiprothrin, inabenfide, indanofan, indaziflam, indoxacarb, inezin, iodobonil, iodocarb, iodomethane, iodosulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, iofensulfuron, iofensulfuron-sodium, ioxynil, ioxynil octanoate, ioxynil-lithium, ioxynil-sodium, ipazine, ipconazole, ipfencarbazone, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarb, iprymidam, ipsdienol, ipsenol, IPSP, isamidofos, isazofos, isobenzan, isocarbamid, isocarbophos, isocil, isodrin, isofenphos, isofenphos-methyl, isolan, isomethiozin, isonoruron, isopolinate, isoprocarb, isopropalin, isoprothiolane, isoproturon, isopyrazam, isopyrimol, isothioate, isotianil, isouron, isovaledione, isoxaben, isoxachlortole, isoxadifen, isoxadifen-ethyl, isoxaflutole, isoxapyrifop, isoxathion, ivermectin, izopamfos, japonilure, japothrins, jasmolin I, jasmolin II, jasmonic acid, jiahuangchongzong, jiajizengxiaolin, jiaxiangjunzhi, jiecaowan, jiecaoxi, jodfenphos, juvenile hormone I, juvenile hormone II, juvenile hormone III, kadethrin, karbutilate, karetazan, karetazan-potassium, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride, kejunlin, kelevan, ketospiradox, ketospiradox-potassium, kinetin, kinoprene, kresoxim-methyl, kuicaoxi, lactofen, lambda-cyhalothrin, latilure, lead arsenate, lenacil, lepimectin, leptophos, lindane, lineatin, linuron, lirimfos, litlure, looplure, lufenuron, lvdingjunzhi, lvxiancaolin, lythidathion, MAA, malathion, maleic hydrazide, malonoben, maltodextrin, MAMA, mancopper, mancozeb, mandipropamid, maneb, matrine, mazidox, MCPA, MCPA-2-ethylhexyl, MCPA-butotyl, MCPA-butyl, MCPA-dimethylammonium, MCPA-diolamine, MCPA-ethyl, MCPA-isobutyl, MCPA-isoctyl, MCPA-isopropyl, MCPA-methyl, MCPA-olamine, MCPA-potassium, MCPA-sodium, MCPA-thioethyl, MCPA-trolamine, MCPB, MCPB-ethyl, MCPB-methyl, MCPB-sodium, mebenil, mecarbam, mecarbinzid, mecarphon, mecoprop, mecoprop-2-ethylhexyl, mecoprop-dimethylammonium, mecoprop-diolamine, mecoprop-ethadyl, mecoprop-isoctyl, mecoprop-methyl, mecoprop-P, mecoprop-P-2-ethylhexyl, mecoprop-P-dimethylammonium, mecoprop-P-isobutyl, mecoprop-potassium, mecoprop-P-potassium, mecoprop-sodium, mecoprop-trolamine, medimeform, medinoterb, medinoterb acetate, medlure, mefenacet, mefenpyr, mefenpyr-diethyl, mefluidide, mefluidide-diolamine, mefluidide-potassium, megatomoic acid, menazon, mepanipyrim, meperfluthrin, mephenate, mephosfolan, mepiquat, mepiquat chloride, mepiquat pentaborate, mepronil, meptyldinocap, mercuric chloride, mercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, merphos, mesoprazine, mesosulfuron, mesosulfuron-methyl, mesotrione, mesulfen, mesulfenfos, metaflumizone, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, metaldehyde, metam, metam-ammonium, metamifop, metamitron, metam-potassium, metam-sodium, metazachlor, metazosulfuron, metazoxolon, metconazole, metepa, metflurazon, methabenzthiazuron, methacrifos, methalpropalin, methamidophos, methasulfocarb, methazole, methfuroxam, methidathion, methiobencarb, methiocarb, methiopyrisulfuron, methiotepa, methiozolin, methiuron, methocrotophos, methometon, methomyl, methoprene, methoprotryne, methoquin-butyl, methothrin, methoxychlor, methoxyfenozide, methoxyphenone, methyl apholate, methyl bromide, methyl eugenol, methyl iodide, methyl isothiocyanate, methylacetophos, methylchloroform, methyldymron, methylene chloride, methylmercury benzoate, methylmercury dicyandiamide, methylmercury pentachlorophenoxide, methylneodecanamide, metiram, metobenzuron, metobromuron, metofluthrin, metolachlor, metolcarb, metominostrobin, metosulam, metoxadiazone, metoxuron, metrafenone, metribuzin, metsulfovax, metsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, mevinphos, mexacarbate, mieshuan, milbemectin, milbemycin oxime, milneb, mipafox, mirex, MNAF, moguchun, molinate, molosultap, monalide, monisouron, monochloroacetic acid, monocrotophos, monolinuron, monosulfuron, monosulfuron-ester, monuron, monuron TCA, morfamquat, morfamquat dichloride, moroxydine, moroxydine hydrochloride, morphothion, morzid, moxidectin, MSMA, muscalure, myclobutanil, myclozolin, N-(ethylmercury)-p-toluenesulphonanilide, nabam, naftalofos, naled, naphthalene, naphthaleneacetamide, naphthalic anhydride, naphthoxyacetic acids, naproanilide, napropamide, naptalam, naptalam-sodium, natamycin, neburon, niclosamide, niclosamide-olamine, nicosulfuron, nicotine, nifluridide, nipyraclofen, nitenpyram, nithiazine, nitralin, nitrapyrin, nitrilacarb, nitrofen, nitrofluorfen, nitrostyrene, nitrothal-isopropyl, norbormide, norflurazon, nomicotine, noruron, novaluron, noviflumuron, nuarimol, OCH, octachlorodipropyl ether, octhilinone, ofurace, omethoate, orbencarb, orfralure, ortho-dichlorobenzene, orthosulfamuron, oryctalure, orysastrobin, oryzalin, osthol, ostramone, oxabetrinil, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxadixyl, oxamate, oxamyl, oxapyrazon, oxapyrazon-dimolamine, oxapyrazon-sodium, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefone, oxine-copper, oxolinic acid, oxpoconazole, oxpoconazole fumarate, oxycarboxin, oxydemeton-methyl, oxydeprofos, oxydisulfoton, oxyfluorfen, oxymatrine, oxytetracycline, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, paclobutrazol, paichongding, para-dichlorobenzene, parafluron, paraquat, paraquat dichloride, paraquat dimetilsulfate, parathion, parathion-methyl, parinol, pebulate, pefurazoate, pelargonic acid, penconazole, pencycuron, pendimethalin, penflufen, penfluron, penoxsulam, pentachlorophenol, pentanochlor, penthiopyrad, pentmethrin, pentoxazone, perfluidone, permethrin, pethoxamid, phenamacril, phenazine oxide, phenisopham, phenkapton, phenmedipham, phenmedipham-ethyl, phenobenzuron, phenothrin, phenproxide, phenthoate, phenylmercuriurea, phenylmercury acetate, phenylmercury chloride, phenylmercury derivative of pyrocatechol, phenylmercury nitrate, phenylmercury salicylate, phorate, phosacetim, phosalone, phosdiphen, phosfolan, phosfolan-methyl, phosglycin, phosmet, phosnichlor, phosphamidon, phosphine, phosphocarb, phosphorus, phostin, phoxim, phoxim-methyl, phthalide, picloram, picloram-2-ethylhexyl, picloram-isoctyl, picloram-methyl, picloram-olamine, picloram-potassium, picloram-triethylammonium, picloram-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, picolinafen, picoxystrobin, pindone, pindone-sodium, pinoxaden, piperalin, piperonyl butoxide, piperonyl cyclonene, piperophos, piproctanyl, piproctanyl bromide, piprotal, pirimetaphos, pirimicarb, pirimioxyphos, pirimiphos-ethyl, pirimiphos-methyl, plifenate, polycarbamate, polyoxins, polyoxorim, polyoxorim-zinc, polythialan, potassium arsenite, potassium azide, potassium cyanate, potassium gibberellate, potassium naphthenate, potassium polysulfide, potassium thiocyanate, potassium α-naphthaleneacetate, pp′-DDT, prallethrin, precocene I, precocene II, precocene III, pretilachlor, primidophos, primisulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, probenazole, prochloraz, prochloraz-manganese, proclonol, procyazine, procymidone, prodiamine, profenofos, profluazol, profluralin, profluthrin, profoxydim, proglinazine, proglinazine-ethyl, prohexadione, prohexadione-calcium, prohydrojasmon, promacyl, promecarb, prometon, prometryn, promurit, propachlor, propamidine, propamidine dihydrochloride, propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride, propanil, propaphos, propaquizafop, propargite, proparthrin, propazine, propetamphos, propham, propiconazole, propineb, propisochlor, propoxur, propoxycarbazone, propoxycarbazone-sodium, propyl isome, propyrisulfuron, propyzamide, proquinazid, prosuler, prosulfalin, prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, prothidathion, prothiocarb, prothiocarb hydrochloride, prothioconazole, prothiofos, prothoate, protrifenbute, proxan, proxan-sodium, prynachlor, pydanon, pymetrozine, pyracarbolid, pyraclofos, pyraclonil, pyraclostrobin, pyraflufen, pyraflufen-ethyl, pyrafluprole, pyramat, pyrametostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyrasulfotole, pyrazolynate, pyrazophos, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyrazothion, pyrazoxyfen, pyresmethrin, pyrethrin I, pyrethrin II, pyrethrins, pyribambenz-isopropyl, pyribambenz-propyl, pyribencarb, pyribenzoxim, pyributicarb, pyriclor, pyridaben, pyridafol, pyridalyl, pyridaphenthion, pyridate, pyridinitril, pyrifenox, pyrifluquinazon, pyriftalid, pyrimethanil, pyrimidifen, pyriminobac, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrimisulfan, pyrimitate, pyrinuron, pyriofenone, pyriprole, pyripropanol, pyriproxyfen, pyrithiobac, pyrithiobac-sodium, pyrolan, pyroquilon, pyroxasulfone, pyroxsulam, pyroxychlor, pyroxyfur, quassia, quinacetol, quinacetol sulfate, quinalphos, quinalphos-methyl, quinazamid, quinclorac, quinconazole, quinmerac, quinoclamine, quinonamid, quinothion, quinoxyfen, quintiofos, quintozene, quizalofop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-P, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, quwenzhi, quyingding, rabenzazole, rafoxanide, rebemide, resmethrin, rhodethanil, rhodojaponin-III, ribavirin, rimsulfuron, rotenone, ryania, saflufenacil, saijunmao, saisentong, salicylanilide, sanguinarine, santonin, schradan, scilliroside, sebuthylazine, secbumeton, sedaxane, selamectin, semiamitraz, semiamitraz chloride, sesamex, sesamolin, sethoxydim, shuangjiaancaolin, siduron, siglure, silafluofen, silatrane, silica gel, silthiofam, simazine, simeconazole, simeton, simetryn, sintofen, SMA, S-metolachlor, sodium arsenite, sodium azide, sodium chlorate, sodium fluoride, sodium fluoroacetate, sodium hexafluorosilicate, sodium naphthenate, sodium orthophenylphenoxide, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, sodium polysulfide, sodium thiocyanate, sodium α-naphthaleneacetate, sophamide, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, spiroxamine, streptomycin, streptomycin sesquisulfate, strychnine, sulcatol, sulcofuron, sulcofuron-sodium, sulcotrione, sulfallate, sulfentrazone, sulfiram, sulfluramid, sulfometuron, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, sulfotep, sulfoxaflor, sulfoxide, sulfoxime, sulfur, sulfuric acid, sulfuryl fluoride, sulglycapin, sulprofos, sultropen, swep, tau-fluvalinate, tavron, tazimcarb, TCA, TCA-ammonium, TCA-calcium, TCA-ethadyl, TCA-magnesium, TCA-sodium, TDE, tebuconazole, tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, tebufloquin, tebupirimfos, tebutam, tebuthiuron, tecloftalam, tecnazene, tecoram, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, temephos, tepa, TEPP, tepraloxydim, terallethrin, terbacil, terbucarb, terbuchlor, terbufos, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, tetcyclacis, tetrachloroethane, tetrachlorvinphos, tetraconazole, tetradifon, tetrafluron, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin, tetramine, tetranactin, tetrasul, thallium sulfate, thenylchlor, theta-cypermethrin, thiabendazole, thiacloprid, thiadifluor, thiamethoxam, thiapronil, thiazafluron, thiazopyr, thicrofos, thicyofen, thidiazimin, thidiazuron, thiencarbazone, thiencarbazone-methyl, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, thifluzamide, thiobencarb, thiocarboxime, thiochlorfenphim, thiocyclam, thiocyclam hydrochloride, thiocyclam oxalate, thiodiazole-copper, thiodicarb, thiofanox, thiofluoximate, thiohempa, thiomersal, thiometon, thionazin, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, thioquinox, thiosemicarbazide, thiosultap, thiosultap-diammonium, thiosultap-disodium, thiosultap-monosodium, thiotepa, thiram, thuringiensin, tiadinil, tiaojiean, tiocarbazil, tioclorim, tioxymid, tirpate, tolclofos-methyl, tolfenpyrad, tolylfluanid, tolylmercury acetate, topramezone, tralkoxydim, tralocythrin, tralomethrin, tralopyril, transfluthrin, transpermethrin, tretamine, triacontanol, triadimefon, triadimenol, triafamone, tri-allate, triamiphos, triapenthenol, triarathene, triarimol, triasulfuron, triazamate, triazbutil, triaziflam, triazophos, triazoxide, tribenuron, tribenuron-methyl, tribufos, tributyltin oxide, tricamba, trichlamide, trichlorfon, trichlormetaphos-3, trichloronat, triclopyr, triclopyr-butotyl, triclopyr-ethyl, triclopyr-triethylammonium, tricyclazole, tridemorph, tridiphane, trietazine, trifenmorph, trifenofos, trifloxystrobin, trifloxysulfuron, trifloxysulfuron-sodium, triflumizole, triflumuron, trifluralin, triflusulfuron, triflusulfuron-methyl, trifop, trifop-methyl, trifopsime, triforine, trihydroxytriazine, trimedlure, trimethacarb, trimeturon, trinexapac, trinexapac-ethyl, triprene, tripropindan, triptolide, tritac, triticonazole, tritosulfuron, trunc-call, uniconazole, uniconazole-P, urbacide, uredepa, valerate, validamycin, valifenalate, valone, vamidothion, vangard, vaniliprole, vernolate, vinclozolin, warfarin, warfarin-potassium, warfarin-sodium, xiaochongliulin, xinjunan, xiwojunan, XMC, xylachlor, xylenols, xylylcarb, yishijing, zarilamid, zeatin, zengxiaoan, zeta-cypermethrin, zinc naphthenate, zinc phosphide, zinc thiazole, zineb, ziram, zolaprofos, zoxamide, zuomihuanglong, α-chlorohydrin, α-ecdysone, α-multistriatin, and α-naphthaleneacetic acid.
  • 43. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising an agriculturally acceptable carrier.
  • 44. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said molecule is in the form of a pesticidally acceptable acid addition salt.
  • 45. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said molecule is in the form of a salt derivative.
  • 46. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said molecule is in the form a hydrate.
  • 47. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said molecule is in the form an ester derivative.
  • 48. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said molecule is in the form a crystal polymorph.
  • 49. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said molecule has a 2H in place of 1H.
  • 50. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said molecule has a 14C in place of a 12C.
  • 51. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising a biopesticide.
  • 52. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising one or more of the following compounds: (a) 3-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4,5]dec-3-en-2-one;(b) 3-(4′-chloro-2,4-dimethyl[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4,5]dec-3-en-2-one;(c) 4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]methylamino]-2(5H)-furanone;(d) 4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]cyclopropylamino]-2(5H)-furanone;(e) 3-chloro-N2-[(1S)-1-methyl-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-N1-[2-methyl-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1,2-benzenedicarboxamide;(f) 2-cyano-N-ethyl-4-fluoro-3-methoxy-benenesulfonamide;(g) 2-cyano-N-ethyl-3-methoxy-benzenesulfonamide;(h) 2-cyano-3-difluoromethoxy-N-ethyl-4-fluoro-benzenesulfonamide;(i) 2-cyano-3-fluoromethoxy-N-ethyl-benzenesulfonamide;(j) 2-cyano-6-fluoro-3-methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-benzenesulfonamide;(k) 2-cyano-N-ethyl-6-fluoro-3-methoxy-N-methyl-benzenesulfonamide;(l) 2-cyano-3-difluoromethoxy-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfon-amide;(m) 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[2-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)phenyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;(n) N-ethyl-2,2-dimethylpropionamide-2-(2,6-dichloro-α,α,α-trifluoro-p-tolyl) hydrazone;(o) N-ethyl-2,2-dichloro-1-methylcyclopropane-carboxamide-2-(2,6-dichloro-α,α,α-trifluoro-p-tolyl) hydrazone nicotine;(p) O-{(E-)-[2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-2-cyano-1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-vinyl]}S-methyl thiocarbonate;(q) (E)-N1-[(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethyl)]-N2-cyano-N1-methylacetamidine;(r) 1-(6-chloropyridin-3-ylmethyl)-7-methyl-8-nitro-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-5-ol;(s) 4-[4-chlorophenyl-(2-butylidine-hydrazono)methyl)]phenyl mesylate; and(t) N-Ethyl-2,2-dichloro-1-methylcyclopropanecarboxamide-2-(2,6-dichloro-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-p-tolyl)hydrazone.
  • 53. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising a compound having one or more of the following modes of action: acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; sodium channel modulator; chitin biosynthesis inhibitor; GABA and glutamate-gated chloride channel antagonist; GABA and glutamate-gated chloride channel agonist; acetylcholine receptor agonist; acetylcholine receptor antagonist; MET I inhibitor; Mg-stimulated ATPase inhibitor; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; Midgut membrane disrupter; oxidative phosphorylation disrupter, and ryanodine receptor (RyRs).
  • 54. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising a seed.
  • 55. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising a seed that has been genetically modified to express one or more specialized traits.
  • 56. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said composition is encapsulated inside, or placed on the surface of, a capsule.
  • 57. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said composition is encapsulated inside, or placed on the surface of, a capsule, wherein said capsule has a diameter of about 100-900 nanometers or about 10-900 microns.
  • 58. A process comprising applying a composition according to claim 1, to an area to control a pest, in an amount sufficient to control such pest.
  • 59. A process according to claim 58 wherein said pest is selected from beetles, earwigs, cockroaches, flies, aphids, scales, whiteflies, leafhoppers, ants, wasps, termites, moths, butterflies, lice, grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, fleas, thrips, bristletails, mites, ticks, nematodes, and symphylans.
  • 60. A process according to claim 58 wherein said pest is from the Phyla Nematoda or Arthropoda.
  • 61. A process according to claim 58 wherein said pest is from the Subphyla Chelicerata, Myriapoda, or Hexapoda.
  • 62. A process according to claim 58 wherein said pest is from the Class of Arachnida, Symphyla, or Insecta.
  • 63. A process according to claim 58 wherein said pest is from the Order Anoplura, Order Coleoptera, Order Dermaptera, Order Blattaria, Order Diptera, Order Hemiptera, Order Hymenoptera, Order Isoptera, Order Lepidoptera, Order Mallophaga, Order Orthoptera, Order Siphonaptera, Order Thysanoptera, Order Thysanura, Order Acarina, or Order Symphyla.
  • 64. A process according to claim 58 wherein said pest is BAW, CEW, or GPA.
  • 65. A process according to claim 58 wherein said amount is from about 0.01 grams per hectare to about 5000 grams per hectare.
  • 66. A process according to claim 58 wherein said amount is from about 0.1 grams per hectare to about 500 grams per hectare.
  • 67. A process according to claim 58 wherein said amount is from about 1 gram per hectare to about 50 grams per hectare.
  • 68. A process according to claim 58 wherein said area is an area where apples, corn, cotton, soybeans, canola, wheat, rice, sorghum, barley, oats, potatoes, oranges, alfalfa, lettuce, strawberries, tomatoes, peppers, crucifers, pears, tobacco, almonds, sugar beets, or beans, are growing, or the seeds thereof are going to be planted.
  • 69. A process according to claim 58 further comprising applying said composition to a genetically modified plant that has been genetically modified to express one or more specialized traits.
  • 70. A process according to claim 1 where said composition further comprise ammonium sulfate.
  • 71. A process comprising: orally administering; or topically applying; a composition according to claim 1, to a non-human animal, to control endoparasites, ectoparasites, or both.
  • 72. A process comprising applying a composition according to claim 1 to a plant to enhance the plant's health, yield, vigor, quality, or tolerance, at a time when pest activity is low.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/739,026 filed Dec. 19, 2012, the entire disclosure of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.

Provisional Applications (1)
Number Date Country
61739026 Dec 2012 US