Claims
- 1. A method of optically determining concentration of analyte in a sample to be analyzed, said analyte in said sample being hydrogen ions or carbon dioxide, said method comprising the steps of:
- contacting an energy transfer donor-acceptor pair with said analyte in said sample to be analyzed, wherein energy transfer between donor and acceptor of the pair is affected by the pH or carbon dioxide concentration of the sample, wherein the donor of the donor-acceptor pair is photoluminescent metal-ligand complex donor, and wherein photoluminescent lifetime of the probe is affected by said analyte;
- exciting the sample with radiation;
- detecting the resulting emission; and
- performing a calculation consisting essentially of calculating apparent luminescence lifetime of the emission to determine the pH or carbon dioxide concentration of the sample, wherein the lifetime is calculated using phase-modulation fluorometry or time-resolved fluorometry.
- 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the acceptor of the donor-acceptor pair is sensitive to the pH or pCO.sub.2 of the sample.
- 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the acceptor is selected from the group consisting of Phenol Red, water-soluble Phenol Red and Bromothymol Blue.
- 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the donor and acceptor are linked via a spacer and are present in a known ratio.
- 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the donor and acceptor are bound to a carrier.
- 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the donor and acceptor are covalently bound to a polymeric carrier.
- 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the carrier is a hydrogel.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This is a continuation application of U.S. Ser. No. 08/186883, filed Jan. 26, 1994, now abandoned, which is a continuation of application of U.S. Ser. No. 07/822234, filed Jan. 17, 1992, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 07/694282, filed May, 3, 1991, now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (3)
Foreign Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Date |
Country |
0397641 |
Nov 1990 |
EPX |
0442276 |
Aug 1991 |
EPX |
Non-Patent Literature Citations (3)
Entry |
"Applications of Fluorescence in the Biomedical Sciences" Lakowicz, J.R., Alan R. Liss, Inc., pp. 29-67 (1986). |
Jordan, D.M. et al. "Physiological pH Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensor Based on Energy Transfer", Analytical Chemistry, vol. 59, pp. 437-439 (1987). |
Lakowicz `Principles of Fluorescence Spectrocopy` Plenum Press, 1983. |
Continuations (2)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
186883 |
Jan 1994 |
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Parent |
822234 |
Jan 1992 |
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Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
694282 |
May 1991 |
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