Patent Application
20120294899
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition and method of treating and preventing the diseases caused by HIV or associated with HIV.
The invention relates to the area of medicine and may be used for the treatment and preventing the diseases caused by HIV or associated with HIV, including AIDS.
Treatment of viral diseases based on ultra-low doses of antibodies to interferon is known in the art (RU 2192888 C1, A61K39/395, Nov. 20, 2002). However, the given medical product can be not effective enough for treatment of the diseases associated with HIV.
The therapeutic effect of an extremely diluted form (or ultra-low form) of antibodies potentized by homeopathic technology (activated-potentiated form) has been discovered by Dr. Oleg I. Epshtein. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 7,582,294 discloses a medicament for treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia or prostatitis by administration of a homeopathically activated form of antibodies to prostate specific antigen (PSA). Ultra-low doses of antibodies to gamma interferon have been shown to be useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of treating diseases of viral etiology. See U.S. Pat. No. 7,572,441, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The present invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition and methods of its use in treatment and preventing of the diseases caused by HIV or associated with HIV, including AIDS.
The solution to the existing problem is presented in form of a pharmaceutical composition for treatment and prophylaxis (prevention) of diseases or conditions caused by HIV or associated with HIV, which comprises activated-potentiated form of antibodies to HIV protein.
In one aspect, the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an activated-potentiated form of an antibody to HIV protein. In an embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a solid carrier, wherein said activated-potentiated form of an antibody to HIV protein is impregnated onto said solid carrier. In a variant, the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a tablet.
In one variant of this aspect of the invention, HIV protein is HIV Gag-Pol polyprotein.
In another variant of this aspect of the invention, HIV protein is HIV enzyme. Preferably, HIV enzyme is HIV protease. It is also contemplated, that HIV enzyme is HIV integrase (HIV endonuclease). It is also contemplated that HIV enzyme is HIV reverse transcriptase.
In another variant of this aspect of the invention, HIV protein is HIV capsid protein P24 (P24 protein). It is also contemplated, that HIV protein is HIV matrix protein P17 (P17 protein).
Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition including said activated-potentiated form of an antibody to HIV protein is in the form of a mixture of C12, C30, and C200 homeopathic dilutions. It is specifically contemplated that said mixture of C12, C30, and C200 homeopathic dilutions is impregnated onto a solid carrier.
The activated-potentiated form of an antibody to HIV protein may be a monoclonal, polyclonal or natural antibody. It is specifically contemplated that the activated-potentiated form of an antibody to HIV protein is a polyclonal antibody. The invention provides activated-potentiated forms of antibodies to antigen(s) having sequences described in the specification and claimed in the appended claims. In a variant, the pharmaceutical composition includes activated-potentiated form of an antibody to HIV protein prepared by successive centesimal dilutions coupled with shaking of every dilution. Vertical shaking is specifically contemplated.
In another aspect, the invention provides a method of treating and preventing the diseases caused by HIV or associated with HIV, including AIDS, said method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an activated-potentiated form of an antibody to HIV protein. Preferably, the activated-potentiated form of an antibody to HIV protein is administered in the form of pharmaceutical composition.
In an embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition is administered in the form of a solid oral dosage form which comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and said activated-potentiated form of an antibody to HIV protein impregnated onto said carrier. In a variant, said solid oral dosage form is a tablet. Variants and embodiments are provided.
In accordance with the method aspect of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition may be administered in one to two unit dosage forms, each of the dosage form being administered from once daily to four times daily. In a variant, the pharmaceutical composition is administered twice daily, each administration consisting of two oral dosage forms. In a variant, the pharmaceutical composition is administered in one to two unit dosage forms, each of the dosage forms being administered twice daily. All variants and embodiments described with respect to the composition aspect of the invention may be used with the method aspect of the invention.
The invention is defined with reference to the appended claims. With respect to the claims, the glossary that follows provides the relevant definitions.
The term “antibody” as used herein shall mean an immunoglobulin that specifically binds to, and is thereby defined as complementary with, a particular spatial and polar organization of another molecule. Antibodies as recited in the claims may include a complete immunoglobulin or fragment thereof, may be natural, polyclonal or monoclonal, and may include various classes and isotypes, such as IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3, IgM, etc. Fragments thereof may include Fab, Fv and F(ab′)2, Fab′, and the like. The singular “antibody” includes plural “antibodies.”
The term “activated-potentiated form” or “potentiated form” respectively, with respect to antibodies recited herein is used to denote a product of homeopathic potentization of any initial solution of antibodies. “Homeopathic potentization” denotes the use of methods of homeopathy to impart homeopathic potency to an initial solution of relevant substance. Although not so limited, ‘homeopathic potentization” may involve, for example, repeated consecutive dilutions combined with external treatment, particularly vertical (mechanical) shaking. In other words, an initial solution of antibody is subjected to consecutive repeated dilution and multiple vertical shaking of each obtained solution in accordance with homeopathic technology. The preferred concentration of the initial solution of antibody in the solvent, preferably water or a water-ethyl alcohol mixture, ranges from about 0.5 to about 5.0 mg/ml. The preferred procedure for preparing each component, i.e. antibody solution, is the use of the mixture of three aqueous or aqueous-alcohol dilutions of the primary matrix solution (mother tincture) of antibodies diluted 10012, 10030 and 100200 times, respectively, which is equivalent to centesimal homeopathic dilutions (C12, C30, and C200) or the use of the mixture of three aqueous or aqueous-alcohol dilutions of the primary matrix solution of antibodies diluted 10012, 10030 and 10050 times, respectively, which is equivalent to centesimal homeopathic dilutions (C12, C30 and C50). Examples of homeopathic potentization are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,572,441 and 7,582,294, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and for the purpose stated. While the term “activated-potentiated form” is used in the claims, the term “ultra-low doses” is used in the examples. The term “ultra-low doses” became a term of art in the field of art created by study and use of homeopathically diluted and potentized form of substance. The term “ultra-low dose” or “ultra-low doses” is meant as fully supportive and primarily synonymous with the term ‘activated-potentiated” form used in the claims.
In other words, an antibody is in the “activated-potentiated” or “potentiated” form when three factors are present. First, the “activated-potentiated” form of the antibody is a product of a preparation process well accepted in the homeopathic art. Second, the “activated-potentiated” form of antibody must have biological activity determined by methods well accepted in modern pharmacology. And third, the biological activity exhibited by the “activated potentiated” form of the antibody cannot be explained by the presence of the molecular form of the antibody in the final product of the homeopathic process.
For example, the activated potentiated form of antibodies may be prepared by subjecting an initial, isolated antibody in a molecular form to consecutive multiple dilutions coupled with an external impact, such as mechanical shaking. The external treatment in the course of concentration reduction may also be accomplished, for example, by exposure to ultrasonic, electromagnetic, or other physical factors. V. Schwabe “Homeopathic medicines”, M., 1967, U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,229,648 and 4,311,897, which are incorporated by reference in their entirety and for the purpose stated, describe such processes that are well-accepted methods of homeopathic potentiation in the homeopathic art. This procedure gives rise to a uniform decrease in molecular concentration of the initial molecular form of the antibody. This procedure is repeated until the desired homeopathic potency is obtained. For the individual antibody, the required homeopathic potency can be determined by subjecting the intermediate dilutions to biological testing in the desired pharmacological model. Although not so limited, ‘homeopathic potentization” may involve, for example, repeated consecutive dilutions combined with external treatment, particularly vertical (mechanical) shaking. In other words, an initial solution of antibody is subjected to consecutive repeated dilution and multiple vertical shaking of each obtained solution in accordance with homeopathic technology. The preferred concentration of the initial solution of antibody in the solvent, preferably, water or a water-ethyl alcohol mixture, ranges from about 0.5 to about 5.0 mg/ml. The preferred procedure for preparing each component, i.e. antibody solution, is the use of the mixture of three aqueous or aqueous-alcohol dilutions of the primary matrix solution (mother tincture) of antibodies diluted 10012, 10030 and 100200 times, respectively, which is equivalent to centesimal homeopathic dilutions C12, C30 and C200 or the mixture of three aqueous or aqueous-alcohol dilutions of the primary matrix solution (mother tincture) of antibodies diluted 10012, 10030 and 10050 times, respectively, which is equivalent to centesimal homeopathic dilutions C12, C30 and C50. Examples of how to obtain the desired potency are also provided, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,229,648 and 4,311,897, which are incorporated by reference for the purpose stated. The procedure applicable to the “activated-potentiated” form of the antibodies described herein is described in more detail below.
There has been a considerable amount of controversy regarding homeopathic treatment of human subjects. While the present invention relies on accepted homeopathic processes to obtain the “activated-potentiated” form of antibodies, it does not rely solely on homeopathy in human subjects for evidence of activity. It has been surprisingly discovered by the inventor of the present application and amply demonstrated in the accepted pharmacological models that the solvent ultimately obtained from consecutive multiple dilution of a starting molecular form of an antibody has definitive activity unrelated to the presence of the traces of the molecular form of the antibody in the target dilution. The “activated-potentiated” form of the antibody provided herein are tested for biological activity in well accepted pharmacological models of activity, either in appropriate in vitro experiments, or in vivo in suitable animal models. The experiments provided further below provide evidence of biological activity in such models. Human clinical studies also provide evidence that the activity observed in the animal model is well translated to human therapy. Human studies have also provided evidence of availability of the “activated potentiated” forms described herein to treat specified human diseases or disorders well accepted as pathological conditions in the medical science; it is associated with higher antiviral and, possibly, immunotropic action, intensification of activation of CD4 lymphocytes and enrichment of number of receptors on the surface of CD4 cells.
Thus, loss of viral load is observed as a result of repression of HIV entering the cells (exhibited as a change in functional activity of CD4 receptors through which HIV enters the cells); repression of replication of HIV inside the cells, activation of the process of transcription of mRNA of antiviral protein (protein kinase PKR, oligoadenylate synthetase, adenozime deaminase), Mx, MHC I and II protein etc.). Thus, the claimed medicinal product possesses high preventive effectiveness with respect to HIV, preventing infection of the cells by HIV and its endocellular replication. It can be used either for effective treatment or for preventive measures of chronic viral diseases, including secondary prevention of HIV infection.
Also, the claimed “activated-potentiated” form of antibody encompasses only solutions or solid preparations the biological activity of which cannot be explained by the presence of the molecular form of the antibody remaining from the initial, starting solution. In other words, while it is contemplated that the “activated-potentiated” form of the antibody may contain traces of the initial molecular form of the antibody, one skilled in the art could not attribute the observed biological activity in the accepted pharmacological models to the remaining molecular form of the antibody with any degree of plausibility due to the extremely low concentrations of the molecular form of the antibody remaining after the consecutive dilutions. While the invention is not limited by any specific theory, the biological activity of the “activated-potentiated’ form of the antibodies of the present invention is not attributable to the initial molecular form of the antibody. Preferred is the “activated-potentiated” form of antibody in liquid or solid form in which the concentration of the molecular form of the antibody is below the limit of detection of the accepted analytical techniques, such as capillary electrophoresis and High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Particularly preferred is the “activated-potentiated” form of antibody in liquid or solid form in which the concentration of the molecular form of the antibody is below the Avogadro number. In the pharmacology of molecular forms of therapeutic substances, it is common practice to create a dose-response curve in which the level of pharmacological response is plotted against the concentration of the active drug administered to the subject or tested in vitro. The minimal level of the drug which produces any detectable response is known as a threshold dose. It is specifically contemplated and preferred that the “activated-potentiated” form of the antibodies contains molecular antibody, if any, at a concentration below the threshold dose for the molecular form of the antibody in the given biological model.
The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition that includes activated-potentiated form of antibodies to HIV protein, prepared according to the homeopathic technology of potentiation by repeated, consistent dilution and intermediate external action of shaking as described in more detail herein below. The pharmaceutical composition of the invention is particularly useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of the diseases caused by HIV or associated with HIV, including AIDS. As shown in the Examples, the pharmaceutical composition of the invention possesses unexpected therapeutic effect, which manifest itself in particular therapeutic effectiveness in treatment of diseases caused by HIV or associated with HIV.
The pharmaceutical composition of the invention expands the arsenal of preparations available for the treatment prophylaxis of the diseases caused by HIV or associated with HIV, including AIDS.
The pharmaceutical composition in accordance with this aspect of the invention may be in the liquid form or in solid form. Activated potentiated form of the antibodies included in the pharmaceutical composition is prepared from an initial molecular form of the antibody via a process accepted in homeopathic art. The starting antibodies may be monoclonal, or polyclonal antibodies prepared in accordance with known processes, for example, as described in Immunotechniques, G. Frimel, M., “Meditsyna”, 1987, p. 9-33; “Hum. Antibodies. Monoclonal and recombinant antibodies, 30 years after” by Laffly E., Sodoyer R.—2005—Vol. 14.—N 1-2. P.33-55, both incorporated herein by reference.
Monoclonal antibodies may be obtained, e.g., by means of hybridoma technology. The initial stage of the process includes immunization based on the principles already developed in the course of polyclonal antisera preparation. Further stages of work involve the production of hybrid cells generating clones of antibodies with identical specificity. Their separate isolation is performed using the same methods as in the case of polyclonal antisera preparation.
Polyclonal antibodies may be obtained via active immunization of animals. For this purpose, for example, suitable animals (e.g. rabbits) receive a series of injections of the appropriate antigen (HIV protein). The animals' immune system generates corresponding antibodies, which are collected from the animals in a known manner. This procedure enables preparation of a monospecific antibody-rich serum.
If desired, the serum containing antibodies may be purified, for example by using affine chromatography, fractionation by salt precipitation, or ion-exchange chromatography. The resulting purified, antibody-enriched serum may be used as a starting material for the preparation of the activated-potentiated form of the antibodies. The preferred concentration of the resulting initial solution of antibody in the solvent, preferably water or a water-ethyl alcohol mixture, ranges from about 0.5 to about 5.0 mg/ml.
The preferred procedure for preparing each component of the combination drug according to the present invention is the use of the mixture of three aqueous-alcohol dilutions of the primary matrix solution of antibodies diluted 10012, 10030 and 10050 times, respectively, which is equivalent to centesimal homeopathic dilutions C12, C30, and C50 or diluted 10012, 10030 and 100200 times, respectively, which is equivalent to centesimal homeopathic dilutions C12, C30 and C200. To prepare a solid dosage form, a solid carrier is treated with the desired dilution obtained via the homeopathic process. To obtain a solid unit dosage form of the combination of the invention, the carrier mass is impregnated with each of the dilutions. Both orders of impregnation are suitable to prepare the desired combination dosage form.
In a preferred embodiment, the starting material for the preparation of the activated potentiated form that comprise the pharmaceutical composition of the invention is polyclonal, animal-raised antibody to the corresponding antigen, namely, HIV protein. To obtain the activated-potentiated form of polyclonal antibodies to HIV protein, the desired antigen may be injected as immunogen into a laboratory animal, preferably, rabbits. Polyclonal antibodies to HIV protein may be obtained using the whole molecule of HIV Gag-Pol polyprotein of the following sequence:
Polyclonal antibodies to HIV protein may be obtained using the molecule of Matix protein P17 (P17 protein) of the following sequence:
Polyclonal antibodies to HIV protein may be obtained using the molecule of Capsid protein P24 (P24 protein) of the following sequence:
Polyclonal antibodies to HIV protein may be obtained using the molecule of HIV protease of the following sequence:
Polyclonal antibodies to HIV protein may be obtained using the molecule of HIV integrase (HIV endonuclease) of the following sequence:
Polyclonal antibodies to HIV protein may be obtained using the molecule of HIV reverse transcriptase of the following sequence:
The exemplary procedure for preparation of the starting polyclonal antibodies to HIV protein may be described as follows. In 7-9 days before blood sampling, 1-3 intravenous injections of the desired antigen are made to the rabbits to increase the level of polyclonal antibodies in the rabbit blood stream. Upon immunization, blood samples are taken to test the antibody level. Typically, the maximum level of immune reaction of the soluble antigen is achieved within 40 to 60 days after the first injection of the antigen. Upon completion of the first immunization cycle, rabbits have a 30-day rehabilitation period, after which re-immunization is performed with another 1-3 intravenous injections.
To obtain antiserum containing the desired antibodies, the immunized rabbits' blood is collected from rabbits and placed in a 50 ml centrifuge tube. Product clots formed on the tube sides are removed with a wooden spatula, and a rod is placed into the clot in the tube center. The blood is then placed in a refrigerator for one night at the temperature of about 40° C. On the following day, the clot on the spatula is removed, and the remaining liquid is centrifuged for 10 min at 13,000 rotations per minute. Supernatant fluid is the target antiserum. The obtained antiserum is typically yellow. 20% of NaN3 (weight concentration) is added in the antiserum to a final concentration of 0.02% and stored before use in frozen state at the temperature of −20° C. or without NaN3 at the temperature of −70° C. To separate the target antibodies to HIV protein from the antiserum, the following solid phase absorption sequence is suitable:
10 ml of the antiserum of rabbits is diluted twofold with 0.15 M NaCl, after which 6.26 g Na2SO4 is added, mixed and incubated for 12-16 hours at 4° C. The sediment is removed by centrifugation, diluted in 10 ml of phosphate buffer and dialyzed against the same buffer during one night at ambient temperature. After the sediment is removed, the solution is applied to a DEAE-cellulose column balanced by phosphate buffer. The antibody fraction is determined by measuring the optical density of the eluate at 280 nm.
The isolated crude antibodies are purified using affine chromatography method by attaching the obtained antibodies to HIV protein located on the insoluble matrix of the chromatography media, with subsequent elution by concentrated aqueous salt solutions.
The resulting buffer solution is used as the initial solution for the homeopathic dilution process used to prepare the activated potentiated form of the antibodies. The preferred concentration of the initial matrix solution of the antigen-purified polyclonal rabbit antibodies to HIV protein is 0.5 to 5.0 mg/ml, preferably, 2.0 to 3.0 mg/ml.
The activated-potentiated form of an antibody to HIV protein may be prepared from an initial solution by homeopathic potentization, preferably using the method of proportional concentration decrease by serial dilution of 1 part of each preceding solution (beginning with the initial solution) in 9 parts (for decimal dilution), or in 99 parts (for centesimal dilution), or in 999 parts (for millesimal dilution) of a neutral solvent, starting with a concentration of the initial solution of antibody in the solvent, preferably, water or a water-ethyl alcohol mixture, in the range from about 0.5 to about 5.0 mg/ml, coupled with external impact. Preferably, the external impact involves multiple vertical shaking (dynamization) of each dilution. Preferably, separate containers are used for each subsequent dilution up to the required potency level, or the dilution factor. This method is well-accepted in the homeopathic art. See, e.g. V. Schwabe “Homeopathic medicines”, M., 1967, p. 14-29, incorporated herein by reference for the purpose stated.
For example, to prepare a 12-centesimal dilution (denoted C12), one part of the initial matrix solution of antibodies to HIV protein with the concentration of 3.0 mg/ml is diluted in 99 parts of neutral aqueous or aqueous-alcohol solvent (preferably, 15%-ethyl alcohol) and then vertically shaked many times (10 and more) to create the 1st centesimal dilution (denoted as C1). The 2nd centesimal dilution (C2) is prepared from the 1st centesimal dilution C1. This procedure is repeated 11 times to prepare the 12th centesimal dilution C12. Thus, the 12th centesimal dilution C12 represents a solution obtained by 12 serial dilutions of one part of the initial matrix solution of antibodies to gamma interferon with the concentration of 3.0 mg/ml in 99 parts of a neutral solvent in different containers, which is equivalent to the centesimal homeopathic dilution C12. Similar procedures with the relevant dilution factor are performed to obtain dilutions C30, C50 and C 200. The intermediate dilutions may be tested in a desired biological model to check activity. The preferred activated-potentiated form for the composition of the invention are a mixture of C12, C30, and C50 dilutions or C12, C30 and C200 dilutions. When using the mixture of various homeopathic dilutions (primarily centesimal) of the active substance as biologically active liquid component, each component of the composition (e.g., C12, C30, C50, C200) is prepared separately according to the above-described procedure until the next-to-last dilution is obtained (e.g., until C11, C29, and C199 respectively), and then one part of each component is added in one container according to the mixture composition and mixed with the required quantity of the solvent (e.g. with 97 parts for centesimal dilution).
It is possible to use the active substance as mixture of various homeopathic dilutions, e.g. decimal and/or centesimal (D20, C30, C100 or C12, C30, C50 or C12, C30, C200, etc.), the efficiency of which is determined experimentally by testing the dilution in a suitable biological model, for example, in models described in the examples herein.
In the course of potentiation and concentration decrease, the vertical shaking may be substituted for external exposure to ultrasound, electromagnetic field or any similar external impact procedure accepted in the homeopathic art.
Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition of the invention may be in the form of a liquid or in the solid unit dosage form. The preferred liquid carrier is water or water-ethyl alcohol mixture.
The solid unit dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition of the invention may be prepared by impregnating a solid, pharmaceutically acceptable carrier with the mixture of the activated potentiated form aqueous or aqueous-alcohol solutions of active component. Alternatively, the carrier may be impregnated consecutively with each requisite dilution. Both orders of impregnation are acceptable.
Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition in the solid unit dosage form is prepared from granules of the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier which was previously saturated with the aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic dilutions of the activated potentiated form of antibodies HIV protein. The solid dosage form may be in any form known in the pharmaceutical art, including a tablet, a capsule, a lozenge, and others. As an inactive pharmaceutical ingredients one can use glucose, sucrose, maltose, amylum, isomaltose, isomalt and other mono-olygo- and polysaccharides used in manufacturing of pharmaceuticals as well as technological mixtures of the above mentioned inactive pharmaceutical ingredients with other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, for example isomalt, crospovidone, sodium cyclamate, sodium saccharine, anhydrous citric acid etc), including lubricants, disintegrants, binders and coloring agents. The preferred carriers are lactose and isomalt. The pharmaceutical dosage form may further include standard pharmaceutical excipients, for example, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate and citric acid.
To prepare the solid oral form, 100-300 μm granules of lactose are impregnated with aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic solutions of the activated-potentiated form of antibodies to HIV protein in the ratio of 1 kg of antibody solution to 5 or 10 kg of lactose (1:5 to 1:10). To effect impregnation, the lactose granules are exposed to saturation irrigation in the fluidized boiling bed in a boiling bed plant (e.g. “Within Pilotlab” by Hüttlin GmbH) with subsequent drying via heated air flow at a temperature below 40° C. The estimated quantity of the dried granules (10 to 34 weight parts) saturated with the activated potentiated form of antibodies is placed in the mixer, and mixed with 25 to 45 weight parts of “non-saturated” pure lactose (used for the purposes of cost reduction and simplification and acceleration of the technological process without decreasing the treatment efficiency), together with 0.1 to 1 weight parts of magnesium stearate, and 3 to 10 weight parts of microcrystalline cellulose. The obtained tablet mass is uniformly mixed, and tableted by direct dry pressing (e.g., in a Korsch-XL 400 tablet press) to form 150 to 500 mg round pills, preferably, 300 mg. After tableting, 300 mg pills are obtained that are saturated with aqueous-alcohol solution (3.0-6.0 mg/pill) of the activated-potentiated form of antibodies to HIV protein in the form of a mixture of centesimal homeopathic dilutions C12, C30, and C50 or a mixture of centesimal homeopathic dilutions C12, C30 and C200.
While the invention is not limited to any specific theory, it is believed that the activated potentiated form of the antibodies described herein do not contain the molecular form of the antibody in an amount sufficient to have biological activity attributed to such molecular form. The biological activity of the combination drug (pharmaceutical composition) of the invention is amply demonstrated in the appended examples.
Preferably, for the purpose of treatment, the combination of the invention is administered from once daily to four times daily, preferably twice daily, each administration including one or two combination unit dosage forms.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the appended non-limiting examples.
The assessment of antiretroviral activity of ultra low-dose rabbit polyclonal antibodies to HIV nucleocapsid protein p24 (P24 protein) (a mixture of homoeopathic dilutions C12+C30+C50), was carried out using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with the strain HIV-1 LAI in vitro. Azidothymidine (Sigma-AZ169-100 mg, Lot 107 K1578) was used as a comparator product.
Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from blood of a seronegative healthy donor by centrifugation on a Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient. The cells were stimulated for 3 days with 1 μg/mL of phytohemagglutinin P and 5 IU/mL of recombinant human interleukin-2 in RPMI1640 (DIFCO) medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (the complement was removed by heating for 45 minutes at 56° C.), 1% antibiotic solution (PSN Gibco containing 50 μg/mL of penicillin, 50 μg/mL of streptomycin and 100 μg/mL of neomycin).
In order to assess antiretroviral activity the products were placed in a well 15-30 minutes after cells infection with the strain HIV-1—LAI at the dose of 100 TCID50 (50 μL inoculum of the strain HIV-1-LAI). Supernatant fluids used to assess the effect of products on the inhibition of HIV replication were also collected on day 7 after infection of cells.
Before placing in a well, which contained 150 μL of cell culture, ultra low-dose antibodies to protein p24 were diluted with RPMI1640 (DIFCO) medium at a 4-fold dilution (at a 1/4 dilution) to a final volume of 50 μL. Azidothymidine was diluted with RPMI1640 (DIFCO) medium to yield a 8 nM concentration.
The products' efficiency was established by the inhibition of HIV replication which was assessed by HIV-reverse transcriptase activity in the supernatant fluid from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells using the HIV RT RetroSys kit made by INNOVAGEN (Lot 10-059C). The supernatant fluid of cells, to which test products or azidothymidine were not inoculated, was used as control to calculate the percentage of inhibition of HIV replication (see Table 1).
Thus, this experimental model demonstrated the antiretroviral activity of ultra low-dose rabbit polyclonal antibodies to HIV nucleocapsid protein p24 (a mixture of homoeopathic dilutions C12+C30+C50).
The assessment of antiretroviral activity of ultra low-dose rabbit polyclonal antibodies to HIV nucleocapsid protein p24 (P24 protein) (a mixture of homoeopathic dilutions C12+C30+C50), was carried out using macrophages, obtained from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and infected with the strain HIV-1-Ba-L in vitro. Azidothymidine (Sigma-AZ169-100 mg, Lot 107 K1578) was used as a comparator product.
Human peripheral blood macrophages were obtained from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from blood of a seronegative healthy donor by centrifugation on a Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were grown for 3 days in RPMI1640 (DIFCO), medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (the complement was removed by heating for 45 minutes at 56° C.), 1% antibiotic solution (PSN Gibco containing 50 μg/mL of penicillin, 50 μg/mL of streptomycin and 100 μg/mL of neomycin), 15 ng/mL GM-CSF (granulocytic-macrophagal colony-stimulating factor). Then cells were transferred in culture plates (150000 cells/well in a 48-well plate), grown for 7 days together with 1 ng/mL GM-CSF (granulocytic-macrophagal colony-stimulating factor) and 10 ng/mL M-CSF (macrophagal colony-stimulating factor) so that the cells completely differentiate into macrophages.
In order to assess antiretroviral activity the products were placed in a well 24 prior to after cells infection with the strain HIV-1-Ba-L at the dose of 1000 TCID50 (100 μL inoculum of the strain HIV-1-Ba-L), as well as on Day 3, 7, 10, 14, 17 after infection. Supernatant fluids used to assess the effect of products on the inhibition of HIV replication were also collected on day 3, 7, 10, 14, 17 after cells infection.
Before placing in a well, which contained 750 of cell culture, ultra low-dose antibodies to protein p24 were diluted with RPMI1640 (DIFCO) medium at a 4-fold dilution (at a 1/4 dilution) to a final volume of 250 Azidothymidine was diluted with RPMI1640 (DIFCO) medium to yield a 8 nM concentration.
The products' efficiency was established by the inhibition of HIV replication which was assessed by HIV-reverse transcriptase activity in the supernatant fluid from human peripheral blood macrophages using the HIV RT RetroSys kit made by INNOVAGEN (Lot 10-059C). The supernatant fluid of cells, to which test products or azidothymidine were not inoculated, was used as control to calculate the percentage of inhibition of HIV replication (see Table 2).
Thus, this experimental model demonstrated the antiretroviral activity of ultra low-dose rabbit polyclonal antibodies to HIV nucleocapsid protein p24 (a mixture of homoeopathic dilutions C12+C30+C50).
The assessment of antiretroviral activity of ultra low-dose rabbit polyclonal antibodies to HIV-1 protease (a mixture of homoeopathic dilutions C12+C30+C50) (hereinafter referred to as “ultra low-dose antibodies to HIV-1 protease)), was carried out using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with the strain HIV-1 LAI in vitro. Azidothymidine (Sigma-AZ169-100 mg, Lot 107 K1578) was used as a comparator product).
Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from blood of a seronegative healthy donor by centrifugation on a Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient. The cells were stimulated for 3 days with 1 μg/mL of phytohemagglutinin P and 5 IU/mL of recombinant human interleukin-2 in RPMI1640 (DIFCO) medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (the complement was removed by heating for 45 minutes at 56° C.), 1% antibiotic solution (PSN Gibco containing 50 μg/mL of penicillin, 50 μg/mL of streptomycin and 100 μg/mL of neomycin).
In order to assess antiretroviral activity the products were placed in a well 15-30 minutes after cells infection with the strain HIV-1-LAI at the dose of 100 TCID50 (50 μL inoculum of the strain HIV-1-LAI). Supernatant fluids used to assess the effect of products on the inhibition of HIV replication were also collected on day 7 after infection of cells.
Before placing in a well, which contained 150 μL of cell culture, ultra low-dose antibodies to HIV-1 protease were diluted with RPMI1640 (DIFCO) medium at a 4-fold dilution (at a 1/4 dilution) to a final volume of 50 μL. Azidothymidine was diluted with RPMI1640 (DIEGO) medium to yield a 8 nM concentration.
The products' efficiency was established by the inhibition of HIV replication which was assessed by HIV-reverse transcriptase activity in the supernatant fluid from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells using the HIV RT RetroSys kit made by INNOVAGEN (Lot 10-059C). The supernatant fluid of cells, to which test products or azidothymidine were not inoculated, was used as control to calculate the percentage of inhibition of HIV replication (see Table 3).
Thus, this experimental model demonstrated the antiretroviral activity of ultra low-dose rabbit polyclonal antibodies to HIV-1 protease (a mixture of homoeopathic dilutions C12+C3O+C50).
The assessment of antiretroviral activity of ultra low-dose rabbit polyclonal antibodies to HIV-1 protease (a mixture of homoeopathic dilutions C12+C30+C50) (hereinafter referred to as “ultra low-dose antibodies to HIV-1 protease)), was carried out using macrophages, obtained from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and infected with the strain HIV-1-Ba-L in vitro. Azidothymidine (Sigma-AZ169-100 mg, Lot 107 K1578) was used as a comparator product.
Human peripheral blood macrophages were obtained from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from blood of a seronegative healthy donor by centrifugation on a Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were grown for 3 days in RPMI1640 (DIFCO), medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (the complement was removed by heating for 45 minutes at 56° C.), 1% antibiotic solution (PSN Gibco containing 50 μg/mL of penicillin, 50 μg/mL of streptomycin and 100 μg/mL of neomycin), 15 ng/mL GM-CSF (granulocytic-macrophagal colony-stimulating factor). Then cells were transferred in culture plates (150000 cells/well in a 48-well plate), grown for 7 days together with 1 ng/mL GM-CSF (granulocytic-macrophagal colony-stimulating factor) and 10 ng/mL M-CSF (macrophagal colony-stimulating factor) so that the cells completely differentiate into macrophages.
In order to assess antiretroviral activity the products were placed in a well 24 prior to after cells infection with the strain HIV-1-Ba-L at the dose of 1000 TCID50 (100 μL inoculum of the strain HIV-1-Ba-L), as well as on Day 3, 7, 10, 14, 17 after infection. Supernatant fluids used to assess the effect of products on the inhibition of HIV replication were also collected on day 3, 7, 10, 14, 17 after cells infection.
Before placing in a well, which contained 750 of cell culture, ultra low-dose antibodies to HIV-1 protease were diluted with RPMI1640 (DIFCO) medium at a 4-fold dilution (at a ¼ dilution) to a final volume of 250 Azidothymidine was diluted with RPMI1640 (DIFCO) medium to yield a 8 nM concentration.
The products' efficiency was established by the inhibition of HIV replication which was assessed by HIV-reverse transcriptase activity in the supernatant fluid from human peripheral blood macrophages using the HIV RT RetroSys kit made by INNOVAGEN (Lot 10-059C). The supernatant fluid of cells, to which test products or azidothymidine were not inoculated, was used as control to calculate the percentage of inhibition of HIV replication (see Table 4).
Thus, this experimental model demonstrated the antiretroviral activity of ultra low-dose rabbit polyclonal antibodies to HIV-1 protease (a mixture of homoeopathic dilutions C12+C30+C50).
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010133048 | Aug 2010 | RU | national |
