Claims
- 1. An aqueous liquid composition of matter that will form a conversion coating by spontaneous chemical reaction on a ferriferous substrate that is contacted with said liquid composition at a temperature that is not more than 80° C., said liquid composition comprising water and the following components:(A) dissolved divalent manganese cations at a concentration of at least about 0.40 g/l; (B) dissolved phosphate anions at a concentration of at least about 2 g/l; (C) dissolved nitrate anions; and (D) at least one dissolved source of hydroxylamine, at a stoichiometric equivalent concentration as hydroxylamine of all of the dissolved sources of hydroxylamine present in the composition of at least about 0.03 g/l; wherein the ratio by weight of nitrate anions to phosphate anions is from about 0.10:1.00 to 0.75:1.00; and the Free Acid content is from about 2.2 to about 15 points.
- 2. An aqueous liquid composition according to claim 1, wherein:the concentration of dissolved divalent manganese cations is at least about 1.00 g/l; the concentration of dissolved phosphate anions is at least about 6 g/l; the concentration of dissolved nitrate anions is at least about 2.0 g/l; the stoichiometric equivalent concentration as hydroxylamine of all of the dissolved sources of hydroxylamine present in the composition is at least about 0.09 g/l; and the Total Acid content is from about 25 to about 75 points.
- 3. An aqueous liquid composition according to claim 2, wherein:the ratio of the concentration of dissolved divalent manganese cations to the concentration of dissolved phosphate anions is from about 0.09:1.00 to about 0.27:1.00; the ratio of the concentration of dissolved nitrate anions to the concentration of dissolved phosphate anions is from about 0.20:1.00 to about 0.50:1.00; and the ratio of the total acid content to the free acid content is from about 8.0:1.00 to about 30:1.00.
- 4. An aqueous liquid composition according to claim 3, additionally comprising at least about 0.008 g/l of surfactant that is not part of any of components (A) through (D).
- 5. An aqueous liquid composition according to claim 4, wherein:the concentration of dissolved divalent manganese cations is from about 2.5 to about 4.3 g/l; the concentration of dissolved phosphate anions is from about 14 to about 20 g/l; the concentration of dissolved nitrate anions is from about 4.9 to about 6.2 g/l; the stoichiometric equivalent concentration as hydroxylamine of all of the dissolved sources of hydroxylamine present in the composition is from about 0.27 to about 0.37 g/l; the Free Acid content is from about 2.4 to about 5.0 points; the Total Acid content is from about 35 to about 45 points; the ratio of the concentration of dissolved divalent manganese cations to the concentration of dissolved phosphate anions is from about 0.15:1.00 to about 0.24:1.00; the ratio of the concentration of dissolved nitrate anions to the concentration of dissolved phosphate anions is from about 0.29:1.00 to about 0.42:1.00; and the ratio of the total acid content to the free acid content is from about 12.0:1.00 to about 19:1.00.
- 6. A process of forming a conversion coating on a ferriferous substrate by contacting the substrate with a composition according to claim 1.
- 7. A process according to claim 6 that forms a coating with a mass from about 2.0 to about 6.0 g/m2 during a contact time between the substrate and the aqueous liquid composition that is not more than about 20 minutes.
- 8. A process according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the aqueous liquid composition is maintained during its contact with the substrate at a temperature that is not greater than about 66° C.
- 9. A make-up concentrate composition from which a composition according to claim 1 can be made by dilution with water only, said make-up concentrate composition comprising water and:(A′) a concentration of dissolved divalent manganese cations that is at least about 20 parts per thousand; (B′) a concentration of dissolved phosphate anions that is at least about 100 parts per thousand; (C′) a concentration of dissolved nitrate anions that is at least about 40 parts per thousand; and (D′) a stoichiometric equivalent concentration as hydroxylamine that is at least about 1.0 parts per thousand.
- 10. An aqueous liquid composition of matter that will form a conversion coating by spontaneous chemical reaction on a ferriferous substrate that is contacted with said liquid composition at a temperature that is not more than 800° C., said liquid composition having been made by mixing with water at least the following components:(A) a source of dissolved divialent manganese cations mixed in an amount sufficient to supply at least about 0.40 g/l of dissolved divalent manganese cations to the aqueous liquid composition; (B) a source of dissolved phosphate anions mixed in an amount sufficient to supply at least about 2 g/l of dissolved phosphate anions to the aqueous liquid composition; (C) a source of dissolved nitrate anions; and (D) at least one source of dissolved hydroxylamine mixed in an amount sufficient to supply a stoichiometric equivalent concentration as hydroxylamine that is at least about 0.03 g/l in the aqueous liquid composition; wherein the ratio by weight of the mass of nitrate anions supplied by the source thereof to the mass of phosphate anions supplied by the source thereof is from about 0.10:1.00 to 0.75:1.00; and the Free Acid content is from about 2.2 to about 15 points.
- 11. An aqueous liquid composition according to claim 10, wherein:the source of dissolved divalent manganese cations is mixed in an amount sufficient to supply at least about 1.00 g/l of dissolved divalent manganese cations to the aqueous liquid composition; the source of dissolved phosphate anions is mixed in an amount sufficient to supply at least about 6 g/l of dissolved phosphate anions to the aqueous liquid composition; the source of dissolved nitrate anions is mixed in an amount sufficient to supply at least about 2.0 g/l of dissolved nitrate anions to the aqueous liquid composition; the source of dissolved hydroxylamine is mixed in an amount sufficient to supply a stoichiometric equivalent concentration as hydroxylamine that is at least about 0.09 g/l in the aqueous liquid composition; and the Total Acid content is from about 25 to about 75 points.
- 12. An aqueous liquid composition according to claim 11, wherein:the ratio of the mass of dissolved divalent manganese cations supplied by the source thereof to the mass of dissolved phosphate anions supplied by the source thereof is from about 0.09:1.00 to about 0.27:1.00; the ratio of the concentration of dissolved nitrate anions to the concentration of dissolved phosphate anions is from about 0.20:1.00 to about 0.50:1.00; and the ratio of the total acid content to the free acid content is from about 8.0:1.00 to about 30:1.00.
- 13. An aqueous liquid composition according to claim 12, wherein there is additionally mixed a sufficient amount of surfactant that is not part of any of components (A) through (D) to supply at least about 0.008 g/l of said surfactant to the aqueous liquid composition.
- 14. An aqueous liquid composition according to claim 13, wherein:the source of dissolved divalent manganese cations supplies these cations to the composition in an amount corresponding to a concentration from about 2.5 to about 4.3 g/l of divalent manganese cations in the aqueous liquid composition; the source of dissolved phosphate anions supplies these anions to the composition in an amount corresponding to a concentration from about 14 to about 20 g/l; the source of dissolved nitrate anions supplies these anions to the composition in an amount corresponding to a concentration from about 4.9 to about 6.2 g/l; the source of dissolved hydroxylamine supplies to the composition a stoichiometric equivalent concentration as hydroxylamine that is from about 0.27 to about 0.37 g/l; the Free Acid content is from about 2.4 to about 5.0 points; the Total Acid content is from about 35 to about 45 points; the ratio of the mass of dissolved divalent manganese cations supplied by the source thereof to the mass of dissolved phosphate anions supplied by the source thereof is from about 0.15:1.00 to about 0.24:1.00; the ratio of the mass of dissolved nitrate anions supplied by the source thereof to the mass of dissolved phosphate anions supplied by the source thereof is from about 0.29:1.00 to about 0.42:1.00; and the ratio of the total acid content to the free acid content is from about 12.0:1.00 to about 19:1.00.
- 15. A make-up concentrate composition from which a composition according to claim 10 can be made by dilution with water only, said composition having been made by mixing with water, in an amount sufficient to bring the total amount of the concentrate to 1000 parts, the following amounts of at least the following materials:(A″) an amount of manganese oxide that is at least about 20 pads; (B″) an amount of orthophosphoric acid that is at least about 129 parts; (C″) an amount of nitric acid that is at least about 51 parts; and (D″) an amount of hydroxylamine sulfate that is at least about 2.5 parts.
- 16. A make-up concentrate composition from which a conversion coating composition can be made by dilution with water only, said make-up concentrate composition comprising water and:(A′) a concentration of dissolved divalent manganese cations that is at least about 20 parts per thousand; (B′) a concentration of dissolved phosphate anions that is at least about 100 parts per thousand; (C′) a concentration of dissolved nitrate anions that is at least about 40 parts per thousand; (D′) a stoichiometric equivalent concentration as hydroxylamine that is at least about 1-0 parts per thousand; and (E′) a concentration of dissolved metal cations, other than manganese and iron, with a valence of two or more, that is no more than 1.0 percent.
- 17. A process of bonding a ferriferous substrate to a rubber substrate comprising the steps of:(A) contacting the ferriferous substrate with a liquid composition at a temperature that is not more than 80° C. comprising water and the following components: (1) dissolved divalent manganese cations at a concentration of at least about 1.00 g/l; (2) dissolved phosphate anions at a concentration of at least about 6 g/l; (3) dissolved nitrate anions; and (4) at least one dissolved source of hydroxylamine at a stoichiometric equivalent concentration as hydroxylamine of at least about 0.09 g/l; wherein the ratio by weight of nitrate anions to phosphate anions is from about 0.10:1.00 to 0.75:1.00, to form a conversion coating on the ferriferous substrate; and(B) adhering the rubber substrate to the ferriferous substrate having the conversion coating thereon using an adhesive.
Parent Case Info
This application claims priority from International application No. PCT/US01/02923, filed Jan. 29, 2001 and published in English, and from United States provisional application Ser. No. 60/179,047, filed Jan. 31, 2000.
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